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Rice University
1.
Abel, Joseph A.
Sunbelt Civil Rights| Race, Labor, and Politics in the Fort Worth Aircraft Industry, 1940 – 1980.
Degree: 2011, Rice University
URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3464296 
► This dissertation critically engages the growing literature on the "long" civil rights movement and the African American struggle for equal employment. Focusing on the…
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▼ This dissertation critically engages the growing literature on the "long" civil rights movement and the African American struggle for equal employment. Focusing on the Fort Worth plants of General Dynamics and its local competitors, this study argues that the federal government's commitment to fair employment can best be understood by examining its attempts to oversee the racial practices of southern defense contractors both prior to passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. From World War II onward, the aircraft factories of north Texas became testing grounds for federal civil rights reform as a variety of non- statutory executive agencies attempted to root out employment discrimination. However, although they raised awareness about the problem, these early efforts yielded few results. Because the agencies involved refused to utilize their punitive authority or counter the industry's unstable demand for labor through rational economic planning, workplace inequality continued to be the norm. Ultimately, federal policymakers' reluctance to reform the underlying structural causes of employment discrimination among southern defense contractors set a precedent that has continued to hinder African American economic advancement. This dissertation also reevaluates assumptions regarding southern unions and the response of white workers to the civil rights movement. Just as the economic relationship between the federal government and defense contractors gave rise to early mandates on fair employment, the unstable demand for labor and adversarial management style of the Fort Worth aircraft manufacturers nurtured a form of unionism unique within the South for its moderate treatment of African Americans. Long before most labor organizations in the region resigned themselves to similar philosophies, the local aircraft workers' unions adopted a pragmatic approach toward racial questions based largely on their need to counter managerial abuses and provide job security. Whatever their personal prejudices may have been, local white labor leaders nevertheless protected the economic rights of African Americans through forceful shopfloor representation and the negotiation of inclusionary contracts. By demanding a workplace in which management's actions were constrained by a set of fairly negotiated contractual rules, Fort Worth's aircraft unions struck an important if unintended blow against the arbitrariness of employment discrimination.
Subjects/Keywords: African American Studies; History, Black; History, United States; Sociology, Industrial and Labor Relations
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APA (6th Edition):
Abel, J. A. (2011). Sunbelt Civil Rights| Race, Labor, and Politics in the Fort Worth Aircraft Industry, 1940 – 1980. (Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3464296
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Abel, Joseph A. “Sunbelt Civil Rights| Race, Labor, and Politics in the Fort Worth Aircraft Industry, 1940 – 1980.” 2011. Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3464296.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Abel, Joseph A. “Sunbelt Civil Rights| Race, Labor, and Politics in the Fort Worth Aircraft Industry, 1940 – 1980.” 2011. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Abel JA. Sunbelt Civil Rights| Race, Labor, and Politics in the Fort Worth Aircraft Industry, 1940 – 1980. [Internet] [Thesis]. Rice University; 2011. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3464296.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Abel JA. Sunbelt Civil Rights| Race, Labor, and Politics in the Fort Worth Aircraft Industry, 1940 – 1980. [Thesis]. Rice University; 2011. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3464296
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Rice University
2.
Buscher, Austin J.
Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces.
Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103780
► To address the computational challenges associated with contact between moving solid surfaces, such as those in cardiovascular fluid–structure interaction (FSI), parachute FSI, and flapping-wing aerodynamics,…
(more)
▼ To address the computational challenges associated with contact between moving solid surfaces, such as those in cardiovascular fluid–structure interaction (FSI), parachute FSI, and flapping-wing aerodynamics, we introduce a space–time (ST) interface-tracking method that can deal with topology change (TC). In cardiovascular FSI, our primary target is heart valves. The method is a new version of the Deforming-Spatial-Domain/Stabilized ST (DSD/SST) method, and we call it ST-TC. It includes a master–slave system that maintains the connectivity of the "parent" mesh when there is contact between the moving interfaces. It is an efficient, practical alternative to using unstructured ST meshes, but without giving up on the accurate representation of the interface or consistent representation of the interface motion. We explain the method with conceptual examples and present 2D and 3D test computations with models representative of the classes of problems we are targeting.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tezduyar, Tayfun E (committee member), Takizawa, Kenji (committee member), Akin, John E (committee member), Meade, Andrew J (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: space – time; toplogy-change; MAV; heart valve
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APA (6th Edition):
Buscher, A. J. (2014). Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103780
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Buscher, Austin J. “Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103780.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Buscher, Austin J. “Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces.” 2014. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Buscher AJ. Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2014. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103780.
Council of Science Editors:
Buscher AJ. Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103780
Rice University
3.
Buscher, Austin J.
Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces.
Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103866
► To address the computational challenges associated with contact between moving solid surfaces, such as those in cardiovascular fluid–structure interaction (FSI), parachute FSI, and flapping-wing aerodynamics,…
(more)
▼ To address the computational challenges associated with contact between moving solid surfaces, such as those in cardiovascular fluid–structure interaction (FSI), parachute FSI, and flapping-wing aerodynamics, we introduce a space–time (ST) interface-tracking method that can deal with topology change (TC). In cardiovascular FSI, our primary target is heart valves. The method is a new version of the Deforming-Spatial-Domain/Stabilized ST (DSD/SST) method, and we call it ST-TC. It includes a master–slave system that maintains the connectivity of the "parent" mesh when there is contact between the moving interfaces. It is an efficient, practical alternative to using unstructured ST meshes, but without giving up on the accurate representation of the interface or consistent representation of the interface motion. We explain the method with conceptual examples and present 2D and 3D test computations with models representative of the classes of problems we are targeting.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tezduyar, Tayfun E (committee member), Takizawa, Kenji (committee member), Akin, John E (committee member), Meade, Andrew J (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: space – time; toplogy-change; MAV; heart valve
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APA (6th Edition):
Buscher, A. J. (2014). Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103866
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Buscher, Austin J. “Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103866.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Buscher, Austin J. “Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces.” 2014. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Buscher AJ. Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2014. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103866.
Council of Science Editors:
Buscher AJ. Space–Time Interface-Tracking Computations with Contact Between Solid Surfaces. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103866
Rice University
4.
Ceriello, Linda C.
Metamodern Mysticisms: Narrative Encounters with Contemporary Western Secular Spiritualities.
Degree: PhD, Religion, 2018, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103873
► The phenomenon of secular spirituality has grown increasingly visible in the contemporary Western world in the past two decades. From oral or written narratives of…
(more)
▼ The phenomenon of secular spirituality has grown increasingly visible in the contemporary Western world in the past two decades. From oral or written narratives of life-altering realizations that unchurched individuals describe using spiritual vernacular, to the plethora of encounters with the supernatural and paranormal depicted in popular culture, broad interest in and even comfort with mystical and non-ordinary experience is found more than ever in contexts not considered traditionally religious. The spiritual but not religious (SBNR) identity as a Western contemporary idiom in some sense curates this secular-spiritual space in the current cultural landscape. This project seeks to ask how, why now, and to what effect.
To do so, I examine the SBNR and popular cultural instances of lay spiritual encounters that I am calling “secondhand mysticism.” Looking at how contemporary individuals encounter the mystical and non-ordinary will help shed light on the phenomenon of decontextualized, secular mystical experiences themselves, and will help consider new frameworks for viewing some of the central debates within mysticism studies. These types of encounters trouble the well-trodden perennialism-constructivism binary, and will consequently be a rich inroad to illuminating the larger epistemic terrain that undergirds the SBNR that I refer to as metamodernism.
This project seeks to add to two types of recent efforts that have forged new theoretical bases for interdisciplinary scholarship in the 21st century: The first is the scholarly engagement with mysticisms as a “gnostic” enterprise. I will explore the idea that a gnostic scholarly perspective, one that neither negates nor endorses any individual’s particular truth claims but instead generates third positions, has the possibility of accessing, performing and/or even, at its most extreme, producing a secondhand mystical moment of “Aha!”
The second current interdisciplinary project is the theorizing of metamodernism. Previous studies of the SBNR, of popular culture mysticism, and indeed of this gnostic position, I will argue here, have yet to account for and situate the emergence of this secular-spiritual sensibility within recent shifts in the contemporary Western cultural episteme (a term I borrow from the Foucauldian schema). Whereas the debate dominating mysticism studies that has for decades hinged on a central bifurcation pitting universalism against contextualism is, arguably, the product of modern and postmodern views colliding, I will take the position that the SBNR and the gnostic approach to viewing secular mystical phenomena are something else. That something else, I assert here, is the product and/or producer of a so-called metamodern shift, in which the Western cultural frame enacts a kind of collective emergence out from under the thumb of hyper-relativization and irony, among other postmodern ideas.
Metamodernism factors into my study of second-hand mysticisms as a theoretical tool in three senses: as an instrument of historical contextualization or…
Advisors/Committee Members: Kripal, Jeffrey J (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: metamodernism; secular spiritual; SBNR; spiritual but not religious; mysticism; mystical experience; popular culture
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APA (6th Edition):
Ceriello, L. C. (2018). Metamodern Mysticisms: Narrative Encounters with Contemporary Western Secular Spiritualities. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103873
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ceriello, Linda C. “Metamodern Mysticisms: Narrative Encounters with Contemporary Western Secular Spiritualities.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103873.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ceriello, Linda C. “Metamodern Mysticisms: Narrative Encounters with Contemporary Western Secular Spiritualities.” 2018. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Ceriello LC. Metamodern Mysticisms: Narrative Encounters with Contemporary Western Secular Spiritualities. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2018. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103873.
Council of Science Editors:
Ceriello LC. Metamodern Mysticisms: Narrative Encounters with Contemporary Western Secular Spiritualities. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/103873
Rice University
5.
Bianco, Elisabeth F.
Ultrathin Chalcogens.
Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2018, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/104957
► Two-dimensional (2D) materials, which are only one or a few atoms thick, can possess exciting and tunable optical/electronic properties unique from their 3D counterparts, providing…
(more)
▼ Two-dimensional (2D) materials, which are only one or a few atoms thick, can possess exciting and tunable optical/electronic properties unique from their 3D counterparts, providing a platform to tailor physics through chemistry and engineering. Structure-property relationships in 2D materials, including the room-temperature quantum Hall effect in graphene, have inspired the search for new 2D materials, amongst which are those from non-layered parent crystals, such as germanene. In this research, I have designed novel synthesis routes aimed to exploit attractive properties in 2D and ultrathin (<10 nm) chalcogens Se and Te, whose non-layered, anisotropic crystal structures provoke axis-dependent optical and electronic properties. Ultrathin Te films with controllable thickness, 2.5-10 nm, were grown by two methods: pulsed laser deposition and controllably-unbalanced magnetron sputtering. These films are the largest area ultrathin chalcogens reported (cm2), robust toward oxidation for several days, and exhibit the anisotropic P3121 Te structure. Furthermore, the crystallographic orientation of sputtered ultrathin Te is found to be controllable by the growth substrate; the anisotropic Te<0001> lies in the plane of the substrate on highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) but aligns orthogonally to MgO(100) substrates. Complementary high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), polarized Raman spectroscopy, and Hall effect measurements unravel a correlation between this tunable orientation and optical/electrical anisotropy in ultrathin Te, providing both a rational handle to access desired properties and a simple platform for device fabrication. Also, Raman signals are acutely dependent on film thickness from 20-2.5 nm displaying dramatic blue shifts of both basal plane and axial modes—a phenomenon not observed in layered 2D materials. The relative shifts between modes are orientation-dependent, suggesting that optical anisotropy persists and is even enhanced at the ultrathin limit. Lastly, vapor transport deposition is demonstrated for 0.85-3.0 nm-thick Se and Te, and TEM/scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) reveal a novel 2D α-phase in the case of three-atom-thick Te. This research has resulted in the first ultrathin chalcogens grown by a truly scalable technique with rational control of orientation and large-area uniformity, pushing these materials toward practical utility. Furthermore, evidence of thickness-dependent optical properties and 2D α-phase reconstruction reveals the quasi-2D nature of ultrathin Te.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ajayan, Pulickel M (advisor), Ringe, Emilie (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Chalcogens; ultrathin chalcogens; two-dimensional; 2D materials; Te; Se
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APA (6th Edition):
Bianco, E. F. (2018). Ultrathin Chalcogens. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/104957
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bianco, Elisabeth F. “Ultrathin Chalcogens.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/104957.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bianco, Elisabeth F. “Ultrathin Chalcogens.” 2018. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Bianco EF. Ultrathin Chalcogens. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2018. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/104957.
Council of Science Editors:
Bianco EF. Ultrathin Chalcogens. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/104957
Rice University
6.
Gan, Xiaoge.
Quasi-static study on the fluid and structure interactions of the subsurface safety valves (SSSV) for extreme high pressure and high temperature (XHPHT) applications.
Degree: MS, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62108
► This thesis summarizes the preliminary design work of a new subsurface safety valve (SSSV) for extreme high pressure (30,000 psi) and high temperature (450°F) (XHPHT)…
(more)
▼ This thesis summarizes the preliminary design work of a new subsurface safety valve (SSSV) for extreme high pressure (30,000 psi) and high temperature (450°F) (XHPHT) applications. Current SSSV designs are not reliable in current production environments and certainly will not be qualified to fail-safe under XHPHT conditions. In this design stage, a quasi-static study on the fluid structure interactions of a flapper SSSV is conducted. A parametric 3D CAD model of a flapper SSSV is built in Solidworks. Then computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is conducted in AnsysRTM CFX. CFD results and the water hammer pressure surge calculated are successfully imported into AnsysRTM Workbench followed by a finite element analysis (FEA) of the stresses. Flappers with different sealing types are compared and summarized. This study is a necessary step for the next design stage, which supplies information that might result in a technical step change in the SSSV design.
Advisors/Committee Members: Akin, John Edward. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Mechanical engineering; Petroleum engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Gan, X. (2010). Quasi-static study on the fluid and structure interactions of the subsurface safety valves (SSSV) for extreme high pressure and high temperature (XHPHT) applications. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62108
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gan, Xiaoge. “Quasi-static study on the fluid and structure interactions of the subsurface safety valves (SSSV) for extreme high pressure and high temperature (XHPHT) applications.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62108.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gan, Xiaoge. “Quasi-static study on the fluid and structure interactions of the subsurface safety valves (SSSV) for extreme high pressure and high temperature (XHPHT) applications.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Gan X. Quasi-static study on the fluid and structure interactions of the subsurface safety valves (SSSV) for extreme high pressure and high temperature (XHPHT) applications. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62108.
Council of Science Editors:
Gan X. Quasi-static study on the fluid and structure interactions of the subsurface safety valves (SSSV) for extreme high pressure and high temperature (XHPHT) applications. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62108
Rice University
7.
Yao, Jun.
Resistive switching in silicon oxide-based systems.
Degree: MS, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62109
► Voltage-controlled resistive switching in various gap systems on SiO2 substrates is demonstrated. The nanosized gaps are made by several means using different materials including metals,…
(more)
▼ Voltage-controlled resistive switching in various gap systems on SiO2 substrates is demonstrated. The nanosized gaps are made by several means using different materials including metals, semiconductors and amorphous carbon. The switching site is further reduced in size by using multi-walled carbon nanotubes and single-walled carbon nanotubes. The switching in all the gap systems shares the same characteristics. This independence of switching on the material compositions of the electrodes, accompanied by observable damage to the SiO2 substrate at the gap region, bespeaks the intrinsic switching from post-breakdown SiO2. It calls for caution when studying resistive switching in nanosystems on oxide substrates, since oxide breakdown extrinsic to the nanosystem can mimic resistive switching. Meanwhile, the devices show promising memory properties. The observed intermediate states reveal the filamentary nature of the switching. The switching is further explored in a vertical representation as potential candidate for high-density memory applications.
Advisors/Committee Members: Natelson, Douglas (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Electronics; Electrical engineering; Materials science
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APA (6th Edition):
Yao, J. (2010). Resistive switching in silicon oxide-based systems. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62109
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yao, Jun. “Resistive switching in silicon oxide-based systems.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62109.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yao, Jun. “Resistive switching in silicon oxide-based systems.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Yao J. Resistive switching in silicon oxide-based systems. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62109.
Council of Science Editors:
Yao J. Resistive switching in silicon oxide-based systems. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62109
Rice University
8.
Alwadani, Mohammed S.
Characterization and rheology of water-in-oil emulsion from deepwater fields.
Degree: MS, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62112
► Seafloor pipeline transport of viscous crude oil may be problematic because of high oil viscosity. This problem is compounded when water cut increases and stable…
(more)
▼ Seafloor pipeline transport of viscous crude oil may be problematic because of high oil viscosity. This problem is compounded when water cut increases and stable emulsions form that have apparent viscosities significantly exceeding the oil itself. Reducing such high viscosity requires better understanding of emulsion properties. This study focuses on the characterization of water-in-oil emulsions by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and their rheological behavior with and without demulsifiers present. Experimental data from NMR experiments show that the emulsion is very stable and needs demulsifier that can enhance the coalescence between droplets and hence aid separation. With presence of an optimal nonionic demulsifier, emulsion viscosity can be reduced by as much as one order of magnitude and reaches the oil viscosity at high temperatures. The selection of optimal coalescer depends on operation conditions. Increasing the temperature requires more hydrophilic coalescer to separate water from oil. Knowledge of emulsion behavior at different conditions helps in selecting the optimum parameters in either the early design phase or the oilfield operation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hirasaki, George J. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Chemical engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Alwadani, M. S. (2010). Characterization and rheology of water-in-oil emulsion from deepwater fields. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62112
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Alwadani, Mohammed S. “Characterization and rheology of water-in-oil emulsion from deepwater fields.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62112.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Alwadani, Mohammed S. “Characterization and rheology of water-in-oil emulsion from deepwater fields.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Alwadani MS. Characterization and rheology of water-in-oil emulsion from deepwater fields. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62112.
Council of Science Editors:
Alwadani MS. Characterization and rheology of water-in-oil emulsion from deepwater fields. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62112
Rice University
9.
Leon Novelo, Luis G.
Bayesian semiparametric and flexible models for analyzing biomedical data.
Degree: PhD, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62113
► In this thesis I develop novel Bayesian inference approaches for some typical data analysis problems as they arise with biomedical data. The common theme is…
(more)
▼ In this thesis I develop novel Bayesian inference approaches for some typical data analysis problems as they arise with biomedical data. The common theme is the use of flexible and semi-parametric Bayesian models and computation intensive simulation-based implementations. In chapter 2, I propose a new approach for inference with multivariate ordinal data. The application concerns the assessment of toxicities in a phase III clinical trial. The method generalizes the ordinal probit model. It is based on flexible mixture models. In chapter 3, I develop a semi-parametric Bayesian approach for bio-panning phage display experiments. The nature of the model is a mixed effects model for repeated count measurements of peptides. I develop a non-parametric Bayesian random effects distribution and show how it can be used for the desired inference about organ-specific binding. In chapter 4, I introduce a variation of the product partition model with a non-exchangeable prior structure. The model is applied to estimate the success rates in a phase II clinical of patients with sarcoma. Each patient presents one subtype of the disease and subtypes are grouped by good, intermediate and poor prognosis. The prior model respects the varying prognosis across disease subtypes. Two subtypes with equal prognoses are more likely a priori to have similar success rates than two subtypes with different prognoses.
Advisors/Committee Members: Cox, Dennis D. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Biostatistics; Statistics; Biomedical engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Leon Novelo, L. G. (2010). Bayesian semiparametric and flexible models for analyzing biomedical data. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62113
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Leon Novelo, Luis G. “Bayesian semiparametric and flexible models for analyzing biomedical data.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62113.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Leon Novelo, Luis G. “Bayesian semiparametric and flexible models for analyzing biomedical data.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Leon Novelo LG. Bayesian semiparametric and flexible models for analyzing biomedical data. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62113.
Council of Science Editors:
Leon Novelo LG. Bayesian semiparametric and flexible models for analyzing biomedical data. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62113
Rice University
10.
Castillo, David Hernandez.
Simulation of nonlinear performance of a top fuel dragster race car.
Degree: PhD, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62114
► In order to analyze and increase the performance of a top fuel dragster, a dynamic model of the car was developed in this thesis. The…
(more)
▼ In order to analyze and increase the performance of a top fuel dragster, a dynamic model of the car was developed in this thesis. The drag racing car is moving mainly in a rectilinear/one dimensional mode, nevertheless, a five-degree-of-freedom model was needed to properly capture its dynamic behavior. This is a 2D model of the car dynamics in the vertical plane. Longitudinal, vertical, and pitching chassis motions were considered, as well as drive-train dynamics. The aerodynamics of the car, the engine characteristics, and the force due to the combustion gases were incorporated in the model.
Further, the rear tires deflection due to the torque and the vertical load was included in the analysis, considering the effect of the angular speed on it. Also, a simplified model of the traction characteristics of the rear tires was developed. With this model, the traction is calculated as a function of the slip ratio and the speed.
Since the diameter of the dragster rear tires is not constant, but increases with the angular speed, the angular momentum equation was considered. This leads to deriving an equivalent mass moment of inertia of the rear tires. This moment of inertia is a function of the angular speed. The model not only considered the instantaneous radius of the tires, but the rate of deformation was also taken into consideration. In this manner, the torque applied to the rear tires, and the angular acceleration produced on them, were related by the simple torque-angular acceleration equation of rigid body dynamics.
The complete model to analyze the dynamic of the vehicle involves a set of nonlinear, coupled differential equations of motion, which were numerically integrated using a digital computer. Several simulation runs were made to investigate the effects of the aerodynamics, and the engine initial torque in the performance of the car. The simulation results show that the model captured to a significant degree the dynamic behavior of the dragster. They also suggest that a reduction in the elapsed time during a race can be possible under appropriate conditions.
The proposed dynamic model of the dragster can be used to improve the aerodynamics, the engine and clutch set-ups of the car, and to possibly facilitate the redesign of the dragster. This model can be adapted to perform analyses of other types of drag racing vehicles, such as pro-stock cars and motorcycles. Used in conjunction with accurate and more complete data available to racing teams, the model can be quite useful in improving the performance of current top fuel dragsters and "funny" cars.
Advisors/Committee Members: Spanos, Pol D. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Applied mechanics; Automotive engineering; Mechanical engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Castillo, D. H. (2010). Simulation of nonlinear performance of a top fuel dragster race car. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62114
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Castillo, David Hernandez. “Simulation of nonlinear performance of a top fuel dragster race car.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62114.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Castillo, David Hernandez. “Simulation of nonlinear performance of a top fuel dragster race car.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Castillo DH. Simulation of nonlinear performance of a top fuel dragster race car. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62114.
Council of Science Editors:
Castillo DH. Simulation of nonlinear performance of a top fuel dragster race car. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62114
Rice University
11.
Li, Mengyan.
1, 4-Dioxane biodegradation at low temperatures in Arctic groundwater samples.
Degree: MS, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62117
► 1,4-Dioxane is an emerging groundwater contaminant and a probable human carcinogen. Its biodegradation was investigated in microcosms prepared with groundwater and soil from an impacted…
(more)
▼ 1,4-Dioxane is an emerging groundwater contaminant and a probable human carcinogen. Its biodegradation was investigated in microcosms prepared with groundwater and soil from an impacted site in Alaska. In addition to natural attenuation conditions (i.e., no amendments), the following treatments were tested: (a) biostimulation by addition of 1-butanol (a readily available auxiliary substrate) and inorganic nutrients; and (b) bioaugmentation with Pseudonocardia dioxanivorans CB1190, a well-characterized dioxane degrading bacterium, or with Pseudonocardia antarctica DVS 5a1, a bacterium isolated from Antarctica. Biostimulation enhanced the degradation of 50 mg L-1 dioxane by indigenous microorganisms (about 0.01 mg dioxane d-1 mg protein-1) at both 4 and 14°C, with a simultaneous increase in biomass. A more pronounced enhancement was observed through bioaugmentation. Microcosms with 50 mg L -1 initial dioxane (representing source zone contamination) and augmented with CB1190 degraded dioxane fastest (0.155 +/- 0.038 mg dioxane d-1 mg protein-1) at 14°C, and the degradation rate decreased dramatically at 4°C (0.021 +/- 0.007 mg dioxane d-1 mg protein-1). In contrast, microcosms with DVS 5a1 degraded dioxane at similar rates at 4 and 14°C (0.018 +/- 0.004 and 0.015 +/- 0.006 mg dioxane d-1 mg protein-1, respectively). DVS 5a1 outperformed CB1190 when the initial dioxane concentration was low (500 microg L-1). This indicates differences in competitive advantages of these two strains. Natural attenuation microcosms also showed significant degradation over 6 months when the initial dioxane concentration was 500 microg L-1. This is the first study to report the potential for dioxane bioremediation and natural attenuation of contaminated groundwater in sensitive cold-weather ecosystems such as the Arctic.
Advisors/Committee Members: Alvarez, Pedro J. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Environmental science
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APA (6th Edition):
Li, M. (2010). 1, 4-Dioxane biodegradation at low temperatures in Arctic groundwater samples. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62117
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Li, Mengyan. “1, 4-Dioxane biodegradation at low temperatures in Arctic groundwater samples.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62117.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Li, Mengyan. “1, 4-Dioxane biodegradation at low temperatures in Arctic groundwater samples.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Li M. 1, 4-Dioxane biodegradation at low temperatures in Arctic groundwater samples. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62117.
Council of Science Editors:
Li M. 1, 4-Dioxane biodegradation at low temperatures in Arctic groundwater samples. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62117
Rice University
12.
Acevedo, Ramiro, Jr.
Compact support wavelet representations for solution of quantum and electromagnetic equations: Eigenvalues and dynamics.
Degree: PhD, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62118
► Wavelet-based algorithms are developed for solution of quantum and electromagnetic differential equations. Wavelets offer orthonormal localized bases with built-in multiscale properties for the representation of…
(more)
▼ Wavelet-based algorithms are developed for solution of quantum and electromagnetic differential equations. Wavelets offer orthonormal localized bases with built-in multiscale properties for the representation of functions, differential operators, and multiplicative operators. The work described here is part of a series of tools for use in the ultimate goal of general, efficient, accurate and automated wavelet-based algorithms for solution of differential equations.
The most recent work, and the focus here, is the elimination of operator matrices in wavelet bases. For molecular quantum eigenvalue and dynamics calculations in multiple dimensions, it is the coupled potential energy matrices that generally dominate storage requirements. A Coefficient Product Approximation (CPA) for the potential operator and wave function wavelet expansions dispenses with the matrix, reducing storage and coding complexity. New developments are required, however. It is determined that the CPA is most accurate for specific choices of wavelet families, and these are given here. They have relatively low approximation order (number of vanishing wavelet function moments), which would ordinarily be thought to compromise both wavelet reconstruction and differentiation accuracy. Higher-order convolutional coefficient filters are determined that overcome both apparent problems. The result is a practical wavelet method where the effect of applying the Hamiltonian matrix to a coefficient vector can be calculated accurately without constructing the matrix.
The long-familiar Lanczos propagation algorithm, wherein one constructs and diagonalizes a symmetric tridiagonal matrix, uses both eigenvalues and eigenvectors. We show here that time-reversal-invariance for Hermitian Hamiltonians allows a new algorithm that avoids the usual need to keep a number Lanczos vectors around. The resulting Conjugate Symmetric Lanczos (CSL) method, which will apply for wavelets or other choices of basis or grid discretization, is simultaneously low-operation-count and low-storage. A modified CSL algorithm is used for solution of Maxwell's time-domain equations in Hamiltonian form for non-lossy media. The matrix-free algorithm is expected to complement previous work and to decrease both storage and computational overhead. It is expected- that near-field electromagnetic solutions around nanoparticles will benefit from these wavelet-based tools. Such systems are of importance in plasmon-enhanced spectroscopies.
Advisors/Committee Members: Johnson, Bruce R. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Physical chemistry; Physics; Electromagnetics; Molecular physics
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APA (6th Edition):
Acevedo, Ramiro, J. (2010). Compact support wavelet representations for solution of quantum and electromagnetic equations: Eigenvalues and dynamics. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62118
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Acevedo, Ramiro, Jr. “Compact support wavelet representations for solution of quantum and electromagnetic equations: Eigenvalues and dynamics.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62118.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Acevedo, Ramiro, Jr. “Compact support wavelet representations for solution of quantum and electromagnetic equations: Eigenvalues and dynamics.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Acevedo, Ramiro J. Compact support wavelet representations for solution of quantum and electromagnetic equations: Eigenvalues and dynamics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62118.
Council of Science Editors:
Acevedo, Ramiro J. Compact support wavelet representations for solution of quantum and electromagnetic equations: Eigenvalues and dynamics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62118
Rice University
13.
Carver, Robert L.
Shocks and jets from the laboratory environment to the astrophysical regime: Transforming AstroBEAR into an all purpose MHD simulation package.
Degree: PhD, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62119
► Supersonic jets and shocks play an important role in numerous astrophysical phenomena, ranging from stellar formation to active galactic nebulae (AGN). Laboratory astrophysics opens up…
(more)
▼ Supersonic jets and shocks play an important role in numerous astrophysical phenomena, ranging from stellar formation to active galactic nebulae (AGN). Laboratory astrophysics opens up new avenues for research into these jets and shocks, and computer simulations show great promise in linking laboratory and astronomical data. To date, the most effective codes for the laboratory environment are not readily available and lack magnetic fields, a key component in astrophysical jets and future magnetized laboratory experiments. Also no 3D simulation code has had its non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) cooling, essential for generating emission maps for comparison with astronomical observations, rigorously tested against an accepted baseline. The focus of this dissertation research was to improve an existing magneto-hydrodynamic code, AstroBEAR, to better model jets and shocks in laboratory and astrophysical environments, with the ultimate goal of developing a code that can link astronomical and laboratory data.
The work outlined in this dissertation facilitates the connection between astronomical and laboratory data in two areas. First, we added a multiple material and non-ideal equation of state capability into AstroBEAR to handle the high density ionized plasmas that characterize laboratory astrophysics experiments and now have the first working 3D MHD code capable of simulating the laboratory environment. We used AstroBEAR in 2.5 D hydrodynamic mode to simulate a series of experiments carried out on the OMEGA laser, and compared the simulations with experimental data.
Secondly, we improved AstroBEAR's handling of radiative cooling, specifically in the post-shock cooling zones prevalent in many astrophysical jets. The first ever validation tests of a 3D code against a fully non-LTE 1D radiative cooling atomic code show explicitly that AstroBEAR correctly models post-shock radiative cooling down to the resolution and micro-physics limits. We used this improved cooling to simulate the HH 110 jet and conclude from these simulations that any model of stellar jet formation must be able to produce processing and pulsing outflow. Overall the improvements of AstroBEAR's ability to handle jets and shocks in the laboratory and astrophysical environments position it to potentially link observational data with magnetized laboratory experiments.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hartigan, Patrick M. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Astronomy; Astrophysics
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APA (6th Edition):
Carver, R. L. (2010). Shocks and jets from the laboratory environment to the astrophysical regime: Transforming AstroBEAR into an all purpose MHD simulation package. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62119
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Carver, Robert L. “Shocks and jets from the laboratory environment to the astrophysical regime: Transforming AstroBEAR into an all purpose MHD simulation package.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62119.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Carver, Robert L. “Shocks and jets from the laboratory environment to the astrophysical regime: Transforming AstroBEAR into an all purpose MHD simulation package.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Carver RL. Shocks and jets from the laboratory environment to the astrophysical regime: Transforming AstroBEAR into an all purpose MHD simulation package. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62119.
Council of Science Editors:
Carver RL. Shocks and jets from the laboratory environment to the astrophysical regime: Transforming AstroBEAR into an all purpose MHD simulation package. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62119
Rice University
14.
Shamsi, Davood.
Non-invasive IC tomography using spatial correlations.
Degree: MS, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62120
► We introduce a new methodology for post-silicon characterization of the gate-level variations in a manufactured Integrated Circuit (IC). The estimated characteristics are based on the…
(more)
▼ We introduce a new methodology for post-silicon characterization of the gate-level variations in a manufactured Integrated Circuit (IC). The estimated characteristics are based on the power and the delay measurements that are affected by the process variations. The power (delay) variations are spatially correlated. Thus, there exists a basis in which variations are sparse. The sparse representation suggests using the L1-regularization (the compressive sensing theory). We show how to use the compressive sensing theory to improve post-silicon characterization. We also address the problem by adding spatial constraints directly to the traditional L2-minimization.
The proposed methodology is fast, inexpensive, non-invasive, and applicable to legacy designs. Noninvasive IC characterization has a range of emerging applications, including post-silicon optimization, IC identification, and variations' modeling/simulations. The evaluation results on standard benchmark circuits show that, in average, the gate level characteristics estimation accuracy can be improved by more than two times using the proposed methods.
Advisors/Committee Members: Koushanfar, Farinaz (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Electronics; Electrical engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Shamsi, D. (2010). Non-invasive IC tomography using spatial correlations. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62120
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shamsi, Davood. “Non-invasive IC tomography using spatial correlations.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62120.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shamsi, Davood. “Non-invasive IC tomography using spatial correlations.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Shamsi D. Non-invasive IC tomography using spatial correlations. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62120.
Council of Science Editors:
Shamsi D. Non-invasive IC tomography using spatial correlations. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62120
Rice University
15.
Ahmed, Omar Khalil.
Low viscosity channels and the stability of long wavelength convection.
Degree: MS, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62121
► Mantle convection simulations with a low viscosity channel, akin to the Earth's asthenosphere, are characterized by long wavelength flow structure. Boundary layer theory predicts that…
(more)
▼ Mantle convection simulations with a low viscosity channel, akin to the Earth's asthenosphere, are characterized by long wavelength flow structure. Boundary layer theory predicts that as the viscosity of the channel decreases, the wavelength that maximizes heat transfer increases. As a pattern selection criterion, this analysis is not complete. It provides no mechanism to relate the optimal heat transfer wavelength to the wavelength that is realized or preferred in nature. We present numerical simulation suites, for bottom and internally heated end-members, to demonstrate that the cell wavelengths that maximize heat transfer are also the most stable. This does not rule out the possibility of multiple wavelengths being realizable but it does imply that wavelengths near the stability peak will be preferred and, for the configurations we explore, the stability peak corresponds to the energetically most efficient flow configuration.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lenardic, Adrian (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Geology; Geophysics; Plasma physics
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APA (6th Edition):
Ahmed, O. K. (2010). Low viscosity channels and the stability of long wavelength convection. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62121
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ahmed, Omar Khalil. “Low viscosity channels and the stability of long wavelength convection.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62121.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ahmed, Omar Khalil. “Low viscosity channels and the stability of long wavelength convection.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Ahmed OK. Low viscosity channels and the stability of long wavelength convection. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62121.
Council of Science Editors:
Ahmed OK. Low viscosity channels and the stability of long wavelength convection. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62121
Rice University
16.
Monier, Amy L.
Bench-scale studies of natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation for remediation of groundwater contaminated with benzene and toluene in the Piceance Basin, CO.
Degree: MS, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62122
► The US EPA requires direct evidence of contaminant removal before bioremediation or natural attenuation can be used for site remediation. Microcosm studies are commonly used…
(more)
▼ The US EPA requires direct evidence of contaminant removal before bioremediation or natural attenuation can be used for site remediation. Microcosm studies are commonly used to provide this line of evidence; however, molecular biology tools may provide a better approach for biological forensic analysis of contaminated sites. DNA biomarker technology and laboratory scale microcosms were used to assess the feasibility of natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation for the remediation of a benzene and toluene (B/T) contaminated aquifer. Detection and subsequent increase of target aerobic catabolic and phylogenetic gene biomarkers corroborated aerobic B/T degradation observed in laboratory scale microcosms. Anaerobic biomarker and microcosm studies failed to produce evidence of anaerobic B/T biodegradation potential. Biostimulation (nitrate and sulfate addition) and bioaugmentation with a known anaerobic benzene degrading culture both failed to stimulate B/T removal. However, the addition of benzoate slightly stimulated the removal of benzene under anaerobic conditions. Collectively these results suggest this petroleum hydrocarbon aquifer is not strictly anaerobic and has the potential for natural attenuation processes under aerobic conditions. This research demonstrated the value of using DNA biomarkers as a tool for biological and abiotic forensic site investigations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Alvarez, Pedro J. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Microbiology; Environmental engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Monier, A. L. (2010). Bench-scale studies of natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation for remediation of groundwater contaminated with benzene and toluene in the Piceance Basin, CO. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62122
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Monier, Amy L. “Bench-scale studies of natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation for remediation of groundwater contaminated with benzene and toluene in the Piceance Basin, CO.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62122.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Monier, Amy L. “Bench-scale studies of natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation for remediation of groundwater contaminated with benzene and toluene in the Piceance Basin, CO.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Monier AL. Bench-scale studies of natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation for remediation of groundwater contaminated with benzene and toluene in the Piceance Basin, CO. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62122.
Council of Science Editors:
Monier AL. Bench-scale studies of natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation for remediation of groundwater contaminated with benzene and toluene in the Piceance Basin, CO. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62122
Rice University
17.
Huey, Daniel Joseph.
Development of a self-assembled meniscal replacement.
Degree: PhD, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62123
► Injuries to the inner-portion of the meniscus, common with today's active lifestyles, have little ability for intrinsic repair due to the lack of vascularity. Current…
(more)
▼ Injuries to the inner-portion of the meniscus, common with today's active lifestyles, have little ability for intrinsic repair due to the lack of vascularity. Current treatments only alleviate the symptoms of meniscal damage and do nothing to prevent the eventual osteoarthritic changes to the articular surfaces of the knee joint. To prevent these changes by restoring the structure and functionality of the meniscus, the generation of biochemically and biomechanically robust tissue engineered constructs for tissue replacement is desirable. This thesis investigated methods to engineer and enhance a self-assembled meniscal replacement using both a leporine and bovine cell source. First, the leporine cell source was considered as it represents the potential for future small animal, allogenic, in vivo studies. The use of a chondrogenically-tuned expansion procedure, involving a chemically defined medium and high density monolayer culture, was employed to expand leporine articular chondrocytes (ACs). Not only did this protocol outperform traditional expansion in terms of promotion of a cartilaginous phenotype, but constructs formed with expanded ACs had higher GAG/WW and collagen 2/collagen 1 than constructs formed with primary ACs. To further enhance cartilaginous quality and potential clinical translatability, the effects of passage number, cryopreservation, and redifferentiation culture prior to self-assembly were studied for both leporine ACs and meniscus cells (MCs). This study found that by increasing the passage number to obtain more cells from the same amount of starting material, the biochemical and biomechanical properties of constructs were not detrimentally affected. Cryopreservation and aggregate pre-culture redifferentiation were found to enhance biomechanical properties of AC and MC self-assembled constructs. The remaining tissue engineering studies in this thesis employed immature bovine ACs and MCs because these cells have been successfully applied in the self-assembly process to create constructs of complex shapes. In addition, a study was performed to assess the immunogenicity of xenogenic, bovine and allogenic, leporine ACs and MCs when co-cultured with leporine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The mixed lymphocyte reaction assay showed that an immune response was not elicited by either bovine or leporine cells. This result suggests that the use of bovine cells for leporine meniscal replacement may be a feasible option. Studies assessing chemical and mechanical stimulation of anatomically-shaped meniscus constructs formed from bovine ACs and MCs followed. First, effects of temporally coordinated chemical stimuli, chondroitinase ABC (C-ABC) and transforming growth factor p1 (TGF-beta1), were studied on anatomically-shaped meniscal constructs. A stimulation regimen, consisting of TGF-beta1 applied continuously and C-ABC applied after 1 wk of culture, was found to synergistically enhance the radial tensile modulus and compressive relaxation modulus; in addition, this regimen additively increased…
Advisors/Committee Members: Athanasiou, Kyriacos A. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Biomedical engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Huey, D. J. (2010). Development of a self-assembled meniscal replacement. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62123
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Huey, Daniel Joseph. “Development of a self-assembled meniscal replacement.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62123.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Huey, Daniel Joseph. “Development of a self-assembled meniscal replacement.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Huey DJ. Development of a self-assembled meniscal replacement. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62123.
Council of Science Editors:
Huey DJ. Development of a self-assembled meniscal replacement. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62123
Rice University
18.
Chang, Guoping.
Respiratory motion correction techniques in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging.
Degree: PhD, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62125
► The aim of this thesis is to design, implement, and evaluate respiratory motion correction techniques that can overcome respiratory motion artifacts in PET/CT imaging. The…
(more)
▼ The aim of this thesis is to design, implement, and evaluate respiratory motion correction techniques that can overcome respiratory motion artifacts in PET/CT imaging. The thesis is composed of three main sections. The first section introduces a novel approach (free-breathing amplitude gating (FBAG) technique) to correct for respiratory motion artifacts. This approach is based on sorting the acquired PET data in multiple amplitude bins which is currently not possible on any commercial PET/CT scanner. The second section is focused on the hardware/software design of an in-house respiratory gating device that is necessary to facilitate the implementation of the FBAG technique. Currently there are no commercially available respiratory gating systems that can generate the necessary triggers required for the FBAG technique. The third section is focused on developing a joint correction technique that can simultaneously suppress respiratory motion artifacts as well as partial volume effects (PVE) which represent another source of image degradation in PET/CT imaging. Computer simulations, phantom studies, as well as patient studies are conducted to test the performance of these proposed techniques and their results are shown in this thesis.
Advisors/Committee Members: Clark, John W., Jr. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Biomedical engineering; Electronics; Electrical engineering; Nuclear physics
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APA (6th Edition):
Chang, G. (2010). Respiratory motion correction techniques in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62125
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chang, Guoping. “Respiratory motion correction techniques in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62125.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chang, Guoping. “Respiratory motion correction techniques in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Chang G. Respiratory motion correction techniques in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62125.
Council of Science Editors:
Chang G. Respiratory motion correction techniques in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62125
Rice University
19.
Kuznetsov, Oleksandr.
Functionalization of carbon nanomaterials for biomedical and nanocomposite applications.
Degree: MS, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62126
► New derivatives of carbon nanostructures: nanotubes, nano-onions and nanocrystalline diamonds were obtained through fluorination and subsequent functionalization with sucrose. Chemically modified nanocarbons show high solubility…
(more)
▼ New derivatives of carbon nanostructures: nanotubes, nano-onions and nanocrystalline diamonds were obtained through fluorination and subsequent functionalization with sucrose. Chemically modified nanocarbons show high solubility in water, ethanol, DMF and can be used as biomaterials for medical applications. It was demonstrated that sucrose functionalized nanostructures can find applications in nanocomposites due to improved dispersion enabled by polyol functional groups. Additionally, pristine and chemically derivatized carbon nanotubes were studied as nanofillers in epoxy composites. Carbon nanotubes tailored with amino functionalities demonstrated better dispersion and crosslinking with epoxy polymer yielding improved tensile strength and elastic properties of nanocomposites.
Advisors/Committee Members: Khabashesku, Valery N. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Organic chemistry; Biomedical engineering; Materials science
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APA (6th Edition):
Kuznetsov, O. (2010). Functionalization of carbon nanomaterials for biomedical and nanocomposite applications. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62126
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kuznetsov, Oleksandr. “Functionalization of carbon nanomaterials for biomedical and nanocomposite applications.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62126.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kuznetsov, Oleksandr. “Functionalization of carbon nanomaterials for biomedical and nanocomposite applications.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Kuznetsov O. Functionalization of carbon nanomaterials for biomedical and nanocomposite applications. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62126.
Council of Science Editors:
Kuznetsov O. Functionalization of carbon nanomaterials for biomedical and nanocomposite applications. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62126
Rice University
20.
Davitt, Andrew James.
Mechanisms underlying the costs and benefits in grass-fungal endophyte symbioses.
Degree: MA, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62127
► Nearly all plants have developed symbiotic associations with microbes above- and belowground. These symbionts often alter the ecology of their hosts by enhancing nutrient uptake,…
(more)
▼ Nearly all plants have developed symbiotic associations with microbes above- and belowground. These symbionts often alter the ecology of their hosts by enhancing nutrient uptake, increasing stress tolerance, or providing protection from host enemies. Understanding the dynamics of symbiosis requires testing how ecological factors alter not only the fitness consequences of the symbiosis, but also the rate of symbiont transmission. Here we asked how changes in the biotic and abiotic context alter both the costs and benefits of interactions between grass hosts and symbiotic fungal endophytes and rates of symbiont transmission. First, we assessed how shade and the presence of endophyte symbiosis affected host plant growth across six grass species. Our results demonstrate a novel benefit of endophyte symbiosis via the amelioration of shade stress. Second, we examine how interactions between a fungal endophyte and its grass host change along a gradient of water availability and in the presence versus absence of soil microbes. We show that benefits of the symbiosis were strongest when water was limiting. Together, our results highlight the context dependent nature of grass endophyte symbioses.
Advisors/Committee Members: Rudgers, Jennifer A. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Ecology
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APA (6th Edition):
Davitt, A. J. (2010). Mechanisms underlying the costs and benefits in grass-fungal endophyte symbioses. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62127
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Davitt, Andrew James. “Mechanisms underlying the costs and benefits in grass-fungal endophyte symbioses.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62127.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Davitt, Andrew James. “Mechanisms underlying the costs and benefits in grass-fungal endophyte symbioses.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Davitt AJ. Mechanisms underlying the costs and benefits in grass-fungal endophyte symbioses. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62127.
Council of Science Editors:
Davitt AJ. Mechanisms underlying the costs and benefits in grass-fungal endophyte symbioses. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62127
Rice University
21.
Smith, Victoria Ford.
Between generations: Imagination, collaboration, and the nineteenth-century child.
Degree: PhD, Humanities, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62128
► Shifting ideas about the qualities of children's imaginations transformed relationships between adults and children in nineteenth-century Britain. This dissertation contends that these new paradigms of…
(more)
▼ Shifting ideas about the qualities of children's imaginations transformed relationships between adults and children in nineteenth-century Britain. This dissertation contends that these new paradigms of children's fancy led authors of children's literature to partner with the young as creative collaborators, which accounts for frequent representations of children as an adult author's auditor, coauthor, illustrator, or guiding genius. These intergenerational collaborations were new models of authorship and evidence of a growing cultural imperative to recognize the young as active agents shaping their own social worlds. Alert to the fact that depictions of children are historically variable, I situate children's literature with and against discourses from psychology to education reform, demonstrating how the perceived powers of fancy granted children agency in a variety of cultural arenas. My project, then, offers an alternative to critical accounts that represent children as ciphers fulfilling adults' psychological and sexual desires.
My introduction examines children's literature of the early nineteenth century, which I contend was a collaboration between adults Debates about the child's imagination, however, indicate a shift in expectations regarding adults' relationships to children. The remaining chapters detail the consequences of this shift, exploring four ways children were acknowledged as creative collaborators. Chapter one explores how many authors for children, inspired by fairy tale collections and cultural associations between children and preliterate cultures, structured their fictions according to models of oral narration. These authors defined children not as silent listeners but as participants in the narrative. Chapter two investigates coauthorship in the work of Robert Louis Stevenson, who understood composition as a collaboration between multiple familial, literary, and psychological personas. Partnering with his stepson, Stevenson developed a vocabulary of images that resurface throughout his works and express a social model of authorship. My third chapter explores the unruly child, examining children's literature that depicts collaborations between disobedient children and dim-witted adults in the context of education reforms that privileged imagination over adult authority. The figure of the disorderly child suggests anxieties about the imaginative power of those considered socially vulnerable. I conclude with a chapter on illustration, situating images by Edward Lear and Rudyard Kipling against ideas about children and art, arguing that these author-illustrators fuse childlike spontaneity and adult order, representing collaboration through playful images.
Advisors/Committee Members: Patten, Robert L. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Social psychology; History of education; Literature; English; Sociology; Social structure
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APA (6th Edition):
Smith, V. F. (2010). Between generations: Imagination, collaboration, and the nineteenth-century child. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62128
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Smith, Victoria Ford. “Between generations: Imagination, collaboration, and the nineteenth-century child.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62128.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Smith, Victoria Ford. “Between generations: Imagination, collaboration, and the nineteenth-century child.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Smith VF. Between generations: Imagination, collaboration, and the nineteenth-century child. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62128.
Council of Science Editors:
Smith VF. Between generations: Imagination, collaboration, and the nineteenth-century child. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62128
Rice University
22.
Dumanli, Hasan Huseyin.
BeamSwitch: System solution for energy-efficient directional communication on mobile devices.
Degree: MS, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62130
► Directional communication has the potential to improve both the energy efficiency of wireless communication without sacrificing its quality. We present a system solution, BeamSwitch, for…
(more)
▼ Directional communication has the potential to improve both the energy efficiency of wireless communication without sacrificing its quality. We present a system solution, BeamSwitch, for directional communication on mobile devices. BeamSwitch employs a special multi-antenna system that consists of multiple identical directional antenna or beams, a single regular omni antenna, and a single RF chain. It uses one of the directional beams for transmitting data frames and receiving their acknowledgments and the regular antenna for all other transceiving. BeamSwitch tracks the signal strength of incoming frames and selects the right beam for data transmission.
We report an extensive evaluation of BeamSwitch including both measurements with a prototype with three beams and Qualnet-based simulation. Our evaluation shows that BeamSwitch with three 6 dBi directional antennas can improve the energy efficiency of a commercial 802.11 adapter by over 20% and simultaneously provide better or close communication quality. BeamSwitch achieves this under diverse radio propagation environments and extreme mobility (up to 360° per second direction change).
Advisors/Committee Members: Zhong, Lin (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Electronics; Electrical engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Dumanli, H. H. (2010). BeamSwitch: System solution for energy-efficient directional communication on mobile devices. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62130
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dumanli, Hasan Huseyin. “BeamSwitch: System solution for energy-efficient directional communication on mobile devices.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62130.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dumanli, Hasan Huseyin. “BeamSwitch: System solution for energy-efficient directional communication on mobile devices.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Dumanli HH. BeamSwitch: System solution for energy-efficient directional communication on mobile devices. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62130.
Council of Science Editors:
Dumanli HH. BeamSwitch: System solution for energy-efficient directional communication on mobile devices. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62130
Rice University
23.
Yang, Jian.
Inner magnetospheric modeling during geomagnetic active times.
Degree: PhD, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62131
► In this thesis we show that the entropy parameter PV5/3 , where P is the pressure and V is the volume of a flux tube…
(more)
▼ In this thesis we show that the entropy parameter PV5/3 , where P is the pressure and V is the volume of a flux tube with unit magnetic flux, plays a central role in the earthward plasma convection from the near- and middle-Earth plasma sheet to the inner magnetosphere. This work presents a series of numerical simulations, investigating the relationship between the value of PV5/3 and the different features of plasma earthward transport that occur during different types of events in geomagnetic active times. The simulations are conducted using the
Rice-Convection-Model (RCM) and the
Rice-Convection-Model-Equilibrium (RCM-E) that have carefully designed boundary conditions to simulate the effect of various values of PV 5/3. In Chapter 3 we present results of an RCM simulation of a sawtooth event where it is found that a dramatic reduction of PV5/3 on the boundary along a wide range of local times produces interchange convection in the inner magnetosphere and drives spatially quasi-periodic Birkeland currents that suggest an explanation for the finger-like aurora usually observed during this type of event. In Chapter 4 we present results of an RCM-E simulation of an isolated substorm, which is done by imposing depleted PV5/3 (a bubble) in the expansion phase. The results of this simulation reproduce typical features of a substorm and agree fairly well with multipoint observations. Chapter 6 presents a detailed analysis of the RCM-E expansion phase simulation which indicates that the reconfigurations of PV5/3, plasma pressure and magnetic field in an idealized bubble injection event can be quite complicated. Chapter 7 presents results of a superposed epoch study using Geotail data showing that the time variations of PV 5/3 are different in isolated substorms, pseudo-breakups and convection bay events, suggesting that bubbles have different characteristics in different modes of earthward transport. We follow this up with three corresponding RCM-E simulations by representing a sustained bubble, a transient bubble and sustained low PV5/3 plasma along the boundary. The simulations are roughly consistent with theoretical suggestions, superposed epoch results and some other observations. These simulations provide a systematic description of inner magnetospheric configuration during various active events, suggesting the temporal and spatial characteristics of PV5/3 in the plasma sheet as a key in the magnetospheric convection.
Advisors/Committee Members: Toffoletto, Frank R. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Geophysics; Plasma physics
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APA (6th Edition):
Yang, J. (2010). Inner magnetospheric modeling during geomagnetic active times. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62131
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yang, Jian. “Inner magnetospheric modeling during geomagnetic active times.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62131.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yang, Jian. “Inner magnetospheric modeling during geomagnetic active times.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Yang J. Inner magnetospheric modeling during geomagnetic active times. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62131.
Council of Science Editors:
Yang J. Inner magnetospheric modeling during geomagnetic active times. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62131
Rice University
24.
Sifuentes, Josef.
Preconditioned iterative methods for inhomogeneous acoustic scattering applications.
Degree: PhD, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62132
► This thesis develops and analyzes efficient iterative methods for solving discretizations of the Lippmann – Schwinger integral equation for inhomogeneous acoustic scattering. Analysis and numerical illustrations…
(more)
▼ This thesis develops and analyzes efficient iterative methods for solving discretizations of the Lippmann – Schwinger integral equation for inhomogeneous acoustic scattering. Analysis and numerical illustrations of the spectral properties of the scattering problem demonstrate that a significant portion of the spectrum is approximated well on coarse grids. To exploit this, I develop a novel restarted GMRES method with adaptive deflation preconditioning based on spectral approximations on multiple grids. Much of the literature in this field is based on exact deflation, which is not feasible for most practical computations. This thesis provides an analytical framework for general approximate deflation methods and suggests a way to rigorously study a host of inexactly-applied preconditioners. Approximate deflation algorithms are implemented for scattering through thin inhomogeneities in photonic band gap problems.
I also develop a short term recurrence for solving the one dimensional version of the problem that exploits the observation that the integral operator is a low rank perturbation of a self-adjoint operator. This method is based on strategies for solving Schur complement problems, and provides an alternative to a recent short term recurrence algorithm for matrices with such structure that we show to be numerically unstable for this application.
The restarted GMRES method with adaptive deflation preconditioning over multiple grids, as well as the short term recurrence method for operators with low rank skew-adjoint parts, are very effective for reducing both the computational time and computer memory required to solve acoustic scattering problems. Furthermore, the methods are sufficiently general to be applicable to a wide class of problems.
Advisors/Committee Members: Embree, Mark (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Applied mathematics; Physics; Acoustics
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APA (6th Edition):
Sifuentes, J. (2010). Preconditioned iterative methods for inhomogeneous acoustic scattering applications. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62132
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sifuentes, Josef. “Preconditioned iterative methods for inhomogeneous acoustic scattering applications.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62132.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sifuentes, Josef. “Preconditioned iterative methods for inhomogeneous acoustic scattering applications.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Sifuentes J. Preconditioned iterative methods for inhomogeneous acoustic scattering applications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62132.
Council of Science Editors:
Sifuentes J. Preconditioned iterative methods for inhomogeneous acoustic scattering applications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62132
Rice University
25.
Goldwasser, Deborah L.
Parameter estimation in mathematical models of lung cancer.
Degree: PhD, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62133
► The goal of this thesis is to improve upon existing mathematical models of lung cancer that inform policy decisions related to lung cancer screening. Construction…
(more)
▼ The goal of this thesis is to improve upon existing mathematical models of lung cancer that inform policy decisions related to lung cancer screening. Construction of stochastic, population-based models of lung cancer relies upon careful statistical estimation of biological parameters from diverse data sources. In this thesis, we focus specifically on two distinct aspects of parameter estimation. First, we propose a model-based framework to estimate lung cancer risk due to repeated low-dose radiation exposures using the two-stage clonal expansion (TSCE) model. We incorporate the TSCE model into a Bayesian framework and formulate a likelihood function for randomized screening data. The likelihood function depends on model-based risk correlates and effectively penalizes parameter values that correspond to model-based contradictions. The net result is that both the sensitivity and specificity of parameter estimation relating to excess lung cancer risk is increased. This methodology is applied to data from the Mayo Lung Project and estimates of 10-year excess lung cancer risk as a function of age at enrollment and number of screens are derived. Second, we describe a new statistical approach aimed at improving our understanding of the natural course of lung cancer. Specifically, we are interested in evaluating the evidence for, or against, the hi-modal hypothesis which proposes that lung cancers are of two categories, either slow-growing and non-invasive cancers (tending to over-diagnosis) or rapidly-growing and highly aggressive. We represent the growth trajectory of lung tumors using the evolutionary parameters of cancer stern cell branching fraction (f) and cell mutation rate (mu). While concern over widespread implementation of lung cancer screening has focused primarily on the extent of over-diagnosis, these results are consistent with the presence of a high percentage of rapidly-growing, aggressive cancers.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kimmel, Marek (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Statistics; Health sciences; Epidemiology
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APA (6th Edition):
Goldwasser, D. L. (2010). Parameter estimation in mathematical models of lung cancer. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62133
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Goldwasser, Deborah L. “Parameter estimation in mathematical models of lung cancer.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62133.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Goldwasser, Deborah L. “Parameter estimation in mathematical models of lung cancer.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Goldwasser DL. Parameter estimation in mathematical models of lung cancer. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62133.
Council of Science Editors:
Goldwasser DL. Parameter estimation in mathematical models of lung cancer. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62133
Rice University
26.
Alexander, Torin Dru.
What meaneth this? A postmodern 'theory' of African American religious experience.
Degree: PhD, Humanities, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62135
► It is the intention of this dissertation to provide a 'theory' of African American religious experience that is guided by postmodern critical thought, with particular…
(more)
▼ It is the intention of this dissertation to provide a 'theory' of African American religious experience that is guided by postmodern critical thought, with particular emphasis on methodologies attempting to grasp what is referred to as the quotidian, the ordinary, but primarily as "everyday life." It is my contention that this constitutes a promising approach that African American religionists should consider. Indeed, for almost forty years, there has been one dominant interpretative lens for the study of African American religious experience, often referred to as a hermeneutics of liberation. It is my contention that this orientation, with its emphasis on the macroscopic, is markedly inadequate. I maintain that what is needed is a focus on the microscopic. Moreover, I also assert that if there is to be a locus for opposition to oppression, it is to be found on the level of the "everyday" – that which is often passed over as insignificant or irrelevant.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pinn, Anthony B. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: African American studies; Philosophy of Religion; Black studies; Social psychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Alexander, T. D. (2010). What meaneth this? A postmodern 'theory' of African American religious experience. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62135
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Alexander, Torin Dru. “What meaneth this? A postmodern 'theory' of African American religious experience.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62135.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Alexander, Torin Dru. “What meaneth this? A postmodern 'theory' of African American religious experience.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Alexander TD. What meaneth this? A postmodern 'theory' of African American religious experience. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62135.
Council of Science Editors:
Alexander TD. What meaneth this? A postmodern 'theory' of African American religious experience. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62135
Rice University
27.
Hussain, Faiza.
Managing the copper paradox: Protein stability, copper-binding, and inter-protein interactions of copper chaperones.
Degree: PhD, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62136
► To minimize copper (Cu) toxicity, organisms have evolved Cu transport pathways involving soluble metallochaperones that bind, transport, and deliver Cu+ to specific partner proteins, such…
(more)
▼ To minimize copper (Cu) toxicity, organisms have evolved Cu transport pathways involving soluble metallochaperones that bind, transport, and deliver Cu+ to specific partner proteins, such as Cu-ATPases. The human Cu chaperone, Atox1, delivers Cu to the metal-binding domains of Menkes (MNK) and Wilson (WND) disease proteins that are Cu-ATPases in the Golgi network that transfer Cu to cuproenzymes (e.g., ceruloplasmin) that traverse the Golgi lumen. The metal binding motif, MetX1CysXXCys, and the ferredoxin-like fold appear conserved in both cytoplasmic Cu chaperones and the cytoplasmic metal-binding domains of the target Cu-ATPases from different organisms.
The work reported here provides a basic understanding of in vitro holo- and apo-protein stability, Cu-dissociation mechanisms, and donor-acceptor interactions of key copper transport chaperones. Studies were conducted on purified protein variants using circular dichroism, fluorescence, and absorbance methods in equilibrium and time-resolved modes. We developed a kinetic assay to determine the Cu-dissociation mechanism of these proteins and a near-UV CD method for monitoring interactions between Atox1 and WND domains to complement NMR measurements and computer simulations.
Despite the conservation of the overall structural fold, the chaperones Atox1 and its bacterial homolog, CopZ, and the metal-binding domains of WND, W2 and W4, have variable chemical and thermal stability in vitro. The role of residues proximal to the metal-binding site was determined using Atox1 as a prototypical Cu chaperone. Met10 is essential for structural stability of Atox1. Thr11 (position X1) seems to be conserved, not for integrity of protein structure, but for facilitating metal exchange between Atox1 and a receptor domain. The structural proximity of the charged side-chain of Lys60 neutralizes the Cu-thiolate center in Atox1. Replacement of Lys60 with an Ala or Tyr results in a higher rate and extent of loss of the metal to small molecule chelator, BCA, than those for wtAtox1. Lys60 also provides electrostatic interactions crucial for Atox1 interaction with W4. Thus, each proximal residue contributes to fine-tuning copper binding and its release mechanism to both the non-physiological Cu chelator, BCA, and the physiological acceptor of the WND protein, W4. Our new kinetic and spectral assays provide a comprehensive in vitro experimental platform for more advanced future mechanistic and kinetic studies.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wittung-Stafshede, Pernilla (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Biochemistry; Biophysics
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APA (6th Edition):
Hussain, F. (2010). Managing the copper paradox: Protein stability, copper-binding, and inter-protein interactions of copper chaperones. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62136
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hussain, Faiza. “Managing the copper paradox: Protein stability, copper-binding, and inter-protein interactions of copper chaperones.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62136.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hussain, Faiza. “Managing the copper paradox: Protein stability, copper-binding, and inter-protein interactions of copper chaperones.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Hussain F. Managing the copper paradox: Protein stability, copper-binding, and inter-protein interactions of copper chaperones. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62136.
Council of Science Editors:
Hussain F. Managing the copper paradox: Protein stability, copper-binding, and inter-protein interactions of copper chaperones. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62136
Rice University
28.
Barrow, Andrew.
Spatiotemporal response of the photoreceptor network.
Degree: PhD, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62138
► The retina is a specialized part of the central nervous system adapted to encoding images into electrical signals. Images are formed on the back of…
(more)
▼ The retina is a specialized part of the central nervous system adapted to encoding images into electrical signals. Images are formed on the back of the eye by the lens and cornea, and photons that make up those images are absorbed by light sensitive pigments in the photoreceptors. Photon absorptions by these pigments generate a current, the photocurrent, which is modified by voltage-gated ion channels and electrical connections to adjacent photoreceptors. A voltage change in the photoreceptor is transformed into a chemical signal to downstream cells by its modulatory effect on the calcium concentration at the synapse. This thesis examines two important elements in photoreceptor function other than the photocurrent: the Ih current and electrical coupling between rods.
Here, using the tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum) as a model, we investigate the kinetic properties of the HCN channels responsible for the Ih current in photoreceptors, and show that they are similar in rods and cones, which in turn are similar to the known properties of the HCN1 isoform. With western blot and immunostaining, we show that the HCN1 isoform is present in retina. We also demonstrate how HCN channels modify the kinetics of the rod and cone light response to make it faster. This thesis integrates this and other data from photoreceptor ion channels into physiology-based models of rod and cone photoreceptors. Through simulation, the model of the rod demonstrates that conductance changes from the h and Kx currents largely cancel one another during the rod light response. The cone model is used to demonstrate the feasibility of two proposed mechanisms for horizontal cell to cone negative feedback.
Finally, this work presents measurements of electrical coupling between rod photoreceptors in the salamander retina using both light and electrical stimuli. Using measured parameters for the coupling resistance, a model of the electrically coupled network of rod photoreceptors is developed. We use this model to demonstrate how rod-rod coupling decreases noise at the expense of attenuating sharp contrasts in visual scenes. The model predicts the tradeoff between these two factors results in an overall improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio for most perceptible stimuli. Results suggest that photoreceptor coupling is especially helpful in the perception of images with statistical qualities similar to natural scenes.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wu, Samuel Mio-Sin (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Neurosciences; Health sciences; Ophthalmology; Biomedical engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Barrow, A. (2010). Spatiotemporal response of the photoreceptor network. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62138
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Barrow, Andrew. “Spatiotemporal response of the photoreceptor network.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62138.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Barrow, Andrew. “Spatiotemporal response of the photoreceptor network.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Barrow A. Spatiotemporal response of the photoreceptor network. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62138.
Council of Science Editors:
Barrow A. Spatiotemporal response of the photoreceptor network. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62138
Rice University
29.
Chang, Tingting.
Investigations in improving image visualization and quality in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging.
Degree: MS, Engineering, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62139
► Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) is a widely used imaging modality for managing patients with cancer. The combination of PET and CT can provide both…
(more)
▼ Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) is a widely used imaging modality for managing patients with cancer. The combination of PET and CT can provide both functional and anatomic information of disease distribution. However, despite its widespread use, it also has some limitations. One drawback is that current PET/CT scanners cannot acquire whole-body scan in a single acquisition but rather has to divide it into multiple sections due to a limitation in the extent of bed travel. The first part of this thesis focuses on developing a software tool that can display multiple PET segments as a single scan to improve the interpretation of these studies.
The second part of the thesis focuses on another limitation of PET/CT imaging, namely its low image quality. In this section, an investigation of the correlation between injected dose, patient BMI and scanner design on PET image quality is performed. The objective of this investigation is to determine the significance and extent by which these factors can impact PET image quality. The results of this work can be used as a guide to improve protocol design in an effort to generate an optimal PET image quality.
Advisors/Committee Members: Clark, John W., Jr. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Electronics; Electrical engineering
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APA (6th Edition):
Chang, T. (2010). Investigations in improving image visualization and quality in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. (Masters Thesis). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62139
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chang, Tingting. “Investigations in improving image visualization and quality in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62139.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chang, Tingting. “Investigations in improving image visualization and quality in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Chang T. Investigations in improving image visualization and quality in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62139.
Council of Science Editors:
Chang T. Investigations in improving image visualization and quality in positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. [Masters Thesis]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62139
Rice University
30.
Chew, Sue Anne.
Biodegradable branched polycationic polymers as non-viral gene delivery vectors for bone tissue engineering.
Degree: PhD, Natural Sciences, 2010, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62140
► In this work, biodegradable branched triacrylate/amine polycationic polymers (TAPPs) were synthesized from different amine and triacrylate monomers by Michael addition polymerization and incorporated into a…
(more)
▼ In this work, biodegradable branched triacrylate/amine polycationic polymers (TAPPs) were synthesized from different amine and triacrylate monomers by Michael addition polymerization and incorporated into a composite scaffold to evaluate these polymers in a bone tissue engineering system. The effects of the hydrophilic spacer lengths in the polymer on characteristics which are important for gene delivery were evaluated by varying the triacrylate monomer used in the synthesis. The results demonstrated that hydrophilic spacers can be incorporated into polycationic polymers to reduce their cytotoxicity and enhance the degradability. The effects of amine basicities in the polymer on characteristics which are important for gene delivery were also evaluated by varying the amine monomers used in the synthesis. The results indicated that polycationic polymers with amines that dissociate above pH 7.4, which are available as positively charged groups for plasmid DNA (pDNA) complexation at pH 7.4, can be synthesized to produce stable polyplexes with increased zeta potential and decreased hydrodynamic size that efficiently transfect cells. TAPP/pDNA polyplexes were then incorporated into a composite containing gelatin microparticles (GMPs) and a porous poly(propylene fumarate) scaffold. The release of pDNA in vitro was not affected by the crosslinking density of the GMPs but depended, instead, on the degradation rates of the TAPPs. Besides the initial burst release of polyplexes not bounded to the GMPs and the minimal release of pDNA through diffusion and dissociation from the GMPs, the pDNA was likely released as naked pDNA or in an incomplete polyplex as fragments of the polymer had to degrade to release the pDNA. The results indicated that polymeric vectors with a lower degradation rate can prolong the release of pDNA from the composite scaffold. Composite scaffolds loaded with TAPP/pDNA polyplexes may not have delivered enough intact polyplexes, as enhanced bone formation was not observed in a critical-size rat cranial defect at 12 weeks postimplantation compared to those loaded with naked pDNA. A gene delivery system consisting of biodegradable polycationic polymers should be designed to release the pDNA in an intact polyplex form.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mikos, Antonios G. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Polymer chemistry; Biomedical engineering
Record Details
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Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Chew, S. A. (2010). Biodegradable branched polycationic polymers as non-viral gene delivery vectors for bone tissue engineering. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62140
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chew, Sue Anne. “Biodegradable branched polycationic polymers as non-viral gene delivery vectors for bone tissue engineering.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed February 16, 2019.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62140.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chew, Sue Anne. “Biodegradable branched polycationic polymers as non-viral gene delivery vectors for bone tissue engineering.” 2010. Web. 16 Feb 2019.
Vancouver:
Chew SA. Biodegradable branched polycationic polymers as non-viral gene delivery vectors for bone tissue engineering. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62140.
Council of Science Editors:
Chew SA. Biodegradable branched polycationic polymers as non-viral gene delivery vectors for bone tissue engineering. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62140
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