The present study entitled, A STUDY OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF SCHEDULED CASTE SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RELATION TO STUDY HABITS, HOME ENVIRONMENT AND SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT is an attempt to find out the effect of home environment, school environment and study habits on academic achievements of scheduled caste students. The scheduled caste which are treated as untouchables continue to remain at the bottom of India s caste hierarchy. They also remain at the bottom of economic hierarchy, having no land of the own and relegated to undertake only menial/dirty and ill paid jobs. The major caused that have kept the scheduled caste down in the society have been poverty, illiteracy, ignorance, fear and resultants inability to assert themselves. The descriptive survey method is used in the present investigation. The sample consists of 600 scheduled caste students. Amongst them 350 were boys and 250 were girls from 30 schools of three districts viz. Jind, Jhajjar and Rohtak. There are three independent variables i.e. home environment, school environment and study habits and one dependent variable i.e., academic achievement. Home Environment Inventory, School Environment Inventory by K.S. Mishra and Study habit Inventory by M. Mukhopadhyaya and D.N. Sansanwal were used as a tools for the study. Tenth class marks were considered as academic achievement of respondents. Correlation, Mean, Standard Deviation and t test were the statistics used for data analysis. The findings of the study reveal that there was no significant relationship between study habit and academic achievement. Home environment had significant effect on academic achievement but school environment does not play a significant role in academic achievement. Ultimately the study while help teachers to touch the exact points of the deficiencies of their students. It is their disadvantageous environment which has pushed them for below, as regards academic achievement, study habits and concerned.

Bibliography p.177-187

Even though mergers and acquisitions (M and A) have been an important element of corporate sector all over the world from several decades, research on mergers and acquisitions has not been able to provide the complete knowledge about legal framework of Amalgamation. There is no conclusive evidence on whether they enhance efficiency or destroy wealth. There is thus an ongoing global debate on the effects of mergers and acquisitions on industries. newlineThough mergers and acquisitions have become common in India today but, very little appears to be known about their procedure and the legal angle in takeovers. Our study attempts to fill this gap in knowledge about mergers and acquisitions in India. In my first chapter there is a detail description about meaning and definition of amalgamation, merger, acquisition as well as takeover, I have quoted different definition, given by major legal dictionaries and definition given by philosopher and writer. From the perception of business organizations, there is a whole host of different mergers. However, from an economist point of view i.e. based on the relationship between the two merging companies, mergers are classified into following: 1. Horizontal merger. 2. Vertical merger. 3. Circular merger 4. Conglomerate merger 5. Within stream merger 6. Diagonal On the other hand acquisition will be classified as negotiated and friendly, open market or hostile takeover and Bailout takeover. In our Third Chapter legal provisions related to takeover and merger from different Acts of India are discussed. Such as the procedure amalgamations are given in section 390 to 395 of companies Act, 1956 which deals with arrangement, amalgamation and merger. Section 5 and 6 of Competition Act, 2002 deal with combinations which defines combination by reference to assets and turnover exclusively in India and outside India also. The Foreign Exchange Management Act, prescribes to foreign entities.

Bibliography p.242-246

India has the dubious distinction of being one of the countries with the highest number of road accidents and the longest response time in securing first aid and medical treatment. The terrible figure of road accidents yield a cart-load of case law, which, of course, is not an elegy on the dead but real tribute on this threatening piece of legislation. Each case, however, bears its own imprint which cannot be universalized. The paradoxes involved in each individual motor accident case had posed four confounding situations, namely: 1. A section of accident victims doubly unfortunate, first in getting involved in an accident yet not getting compensation. 2. Widespread practice of using goods vehicles for passenger traffic. 3. Procedural delays in settlement of claims 4. Duty of courts to award compensation and secure it to the advantage of those for whom it was meant. In the present study an attempt has been made to find out the possible answers of the following s: 1. What are the exiting provisions relating to Motor Accident Claims in India? 2. What is the proper procedure and working pattern of Claims Tribunals for awarding compensation in motor accident claims? 3. Whether in the matters of negligent cases relating to motor accidents the maxim res ipsa loquitur plays a role in deciding the cases by the civil courts? 4. Whether in the matters of negligent cases relating to motor accidents the maxim of res ips loquitur can be applied in determining criminal liability? 5. What are the exiting trends in grant of compensation in respect of bodily injury, death and damages to the vehicles and property? 6. What are the methods, which are used by the courts in calculating the amount of compensation in respect of bodily injury, death and damages to the vehicles and property? 7. What is the procedure applied by the Lok Adalats in Disposing of the Motor Accident Claims and whether such awards made by the Lok Adalats are just, fair and reasonable or not?

Bibliography p.411-413, Appendices p.387-410

In today s changing global environment, every organization is searching for innovative ways to achieve competitive advantage, increased customer loyalty, and improve efficiency without sacrificing quality of service. As markets become more competitive organizations are facing more intense customer service pressures than ever before. Confronted with these challenges, many companies are differentiating their product service offerings by cultivating long-term relationships with their customers, who are setting new standards for service excellence. Service quality has an apparent relationship with customer satisfaction, high revenues, increased cross-sell ratios, higher customer retention, repeat purchasing behaviour and expanded market share. Thus, this study illuminates how retail service quality creates repurchase intentions. The main purpose of this thesis is to examine the relationship of retail service quality with overall service quality and different demographic characteristics of the consumer. It also seeks to assess the importance and impact of service perceptions on customer loyalty when shopping for apparel in organised retail outlets. A total of 424 completed questionnaires obtained from apparel shoppers were used in the analysis for the main study. Principal component analysis was used for scale reduction, and multiple regression analysis was used to find associations. With 26 items of RSQS eight dimensions: helpfulness, policy, appearance, inspiring confidence, problem solving, promises, doing-it-right and convenience were identified. The results confirm the association between the eight service quality dimensions and overall service quality, customer loyalty and repurchase intentions. The results disclose the importance of age, gender, marital status, occupation, highest qualification, and frequency of visiting outlet when evaluating retail service quality.

Bibliography and Appendix include

In the present scientific and technological age, since the conventional teaching methods are not sufficient to arouse interest among the students and do not meet up to the intellectual, psychological and emotional needs of the students in the new millennium, the methods of teaching mathematics need to be changed. The integration of technology into teaching and learning of mathematics has also not escaped the attention of educators. As a discipline, mathematics too is very much influenced by the rapid development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and mathematics educators have been looking at ways to integrate ICT into the curriculum over the last decade. The key benefits promotes greater collaboration among students and encourages communication and sharing of knowledge. ICT gives rapid and accurate feedback to students and this contributes towards positive motivation. It also allows them to focus on strategies and interpretations, answers rather than spend time on tedious computational calculations Recent developments in technology have changed the world outside as well as inside the classroom; making it quite eye-catching and interesting for the students to know and to learn. Developments in the application and dissemination of knowledge and information technology have had changing demands on education. The infusion of information and communication technology (ICT) into teaching and learning and for that matter into actual and virtual classroom has generated much interest in educational research in recent years. ICT have the potential of proving an alternative and more effective teaching and learning tool in education. Evidence emanating from research literature suggests that ICT has a powerful and significant impact on education both in terms of students affective and cognitive outcomes in learning any subject of their choice. It has tended to make learning joyful and lasting in very many ways.

References and appendices include

The purpose of the current study is to specify the main causes which are responsible for the disputes between both the parties i.e. tax payers and the tax collecting agencies. Further, the researcher will highlight the various steps to improve the present condition which may be beneficial for policy makers, academicians and for the whole economy. The setting up and functioning of Settlement Commission drew sharp reaction from all quarters including the Apex Court; but whatever may have been the views, reactions, aspersions, reservations or criticisms, the utility of Settlement Commission in settling complicated tax matters in the last about 30 years cannot but be appreciated. It has done commendable service to both the exchequer and the taxpayer by disposing off a number of cases effectively and amicably which would have otherwise been litigated for a fairly long period, thus, blocking collection of rightful taxes to the nation and causing wasteful loss of time, energy and money in appeals and counter appeals. Though it appears theoretically wrong to afford concessions to the errant and evasive taxpayers, the nation cannot afford to be very rigid in this regard. The Wanchoo Committee had recommended for a settlement machinery to have settlement with the Tax-payee at any stage of proceedings considering each case on merits subject to full disclosure, not only of the income, but of the modus operandi of its build up, thussealing off chances of continued evasion. Hence, we suggest that, a high level separate body, within the department, to ensure a fair, prompt and independent settlement, Audit has, however, notice that the Settlement Commission has not been setting thecases promptly. The pending cases continue to be as high as 1892 on 31 March 1999. The cost of settlement of cases is also very high. In the year 1999-2000 the average cost of disposal per case was Rs. 83,300. The average cost per case for the last 5 year(1995-96 to 1999-2000) was Rs. 48780.

Bibliography p.255-257, Appendix p.231-253

Examining the scope of invoking article 21 of the Constitution, in a case, the Supreme Court observed that while it is true that Article 21 has not been incorporated in the Constitution to safeguard the offenders, provided however that, there is due sanction of law in the matter of having the petitioners in the custody.1 Bail or jail? That’s the question. Every citizen in presumed to be lawabiding and innocent. But when the court speaks of presumption of innocence of the accused, it only means to stress that the burden of proving guilt lies entirely on the prosecution and that strict proof must be given for holding that the accused is guilty. This is based on the principle that every citizen is entitled to live in liberty till he commits an offence; and nobody, including the state, should take away his liberty without establishing before a court of law that he had committed the offence and thus rendered himself disqualified for enjoying the liberties of a free citizen.2 For the purpose of granting bail offences have been classified into Bailable and non-bailable offences under Section 2 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The basic distinction in these offences is that in bailable offences Bail can be claimed as a matter of right, whereas in non-bailable offences it is at the discretion of the Courts whether to grant bail or not. While granting bail in case of non-bailable offences various factors are to be taken into account by the Courts Today the horizon of Human Rights is expanding. At the same time, the crime rate is also increasing. Observing this, Supreme Court has been held that there is urgent need to make a balance between personal liberty and investigational powers of Police.

Bibliography p.330-332

A plastid membrane bound oxalate oxidase from mature leaves of Bougainvillea glabra has been solubilized by taurodeoxycholate (20 mg/mL) and purified upto apparent homogeneity as judged in PAGE, using 0-80% ammonium sulphate precipitation, Sephadex G-100 gel fliteration and DEAE-sephacel ion exchange chromatography. An overall purification of 60.47 fold with 31% yield was achieved. The molecular weight (Mr) of enzyme was 133 kDa with two subunitsof identical Mr (66.5 kDa). The purified enzyme showed optimum activity at pH 5.5 when incubated at 40°C for 4 min. The energy of activation (Ea) was 3.97 kCal/mol. The enzyme showed hyperbolic relationship with its substrate (oxalate) in the range 0.5 mM and 5 Mm. Km for oxalate and Vmax were 1.6 mM and 121 nmoles/H2O2/mL/min. Among the various metal tested onle CuSO4 stimulated the enzyme while NaCl, KCl, HgCl2, and CoCl2 inhibited the enzyme. Among the SH group inhibitors SDS, and#946;-mercaptoethanol, reduced glutathione, sodium dodecyl sulfate and p-chloromercuribenzoate inhibited the enzyme but iodoacetate had practically no effect affect the activity of enzyme. UV and visible spectra of purified enzyme did not show any peak at 370 nm and 450 nm, a characteristic of flavoprotein. Flavins such as riboflavin, FMN and FAD had practically no effect on enzyme indicating that the enzyme is not a flavoprotein. The enzyme gave reddish brown color when heated in orcinol-H2SO4 reagent confirming the glycoprotein nature of Bougainvillea glabra oxalate oxidase. The enzyme consisted of 0.43 mg of reducing sugar per mg of protein. The enzyme was employed for determination of oxalate in plasma and 24 h urine of apparently healthy and urinary stone formers. The enzyme was coupled with ethylene maleic anhydride (EMA) to shift its pH to near physiological pH, encapsulated into liposome and injected into peritoneal cavity of experimental hyperoxaluric rats fed with vitamin B6 deficient where it degraded C14 oxalate.

Bibliography p.147-166

The key characteristics of the World Wide Web are its large size and the lack of a centralized control over its contents. These are also the most important source of problems for locating information. In fact, the traditional Information Retrieval methods become hopelessly slow especially when confronted with the extremely large volume of the Web and its speed of change. Therefore, the coverage of the web by the modern search engines is relatively small compared to the size of web. Moreover, the quality of the web pages downloaded by the search engines is very much skewed in the sense that the interesting pages are scarce in comparison with the rest of the content. Current search engines employ crawlers to collect pages from the WWW which are then stored in the index. This index is then matched with the user submitted query to present the list of documents to the user. However, the list of documents presented to the user is so huge and sometimes irrelevant that it is actually posing the problem of information overkill. Relevancy is a very subjective term in a sense that a document which may be relevant for one user for the same query may be irrelevant for some other user situated at the geographically different location. The other major issue is user perceived latency occurring because of the complex nature of the web coupled with high network traffic prevalent over the net. Therefore, response time that the user experiences in getting the results for his query from the search engine is very large. According to the famous 8 sec rule , users tend to divert themselves from the website if they do not get what they are looking for within this time frame. This work focuses on the above mentioned issues and provides the solution for them by applying Web Prefetching over World Wide Web. Web Prefetching is the technique where users web request is fulfilled even before the user actually makes it.

Bibliography p.132-141 and Appendix p.142-143

The World Wide Web is a global information medium of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via computers connected to the internet. Most of the users rely on traditional search engines to search the information on the web. These search engines deal with the Surface Web which is a set of Web pages directly accessible through hyperlinks and ignores a large part of the Web called Hidden Web which is hidden to present-day search engines. It lies behind search forms and this part of the web containing an almost endless amount of sources providing high quality information stored in specialized databases, can be found in the depths of the WWW. World Wide Web (WWW) is broadly divided into two categories: and#61472;The surface web contains 1% of information content of the web. Search engine crawl along the web to extract and index text from HTML documents on the websites, then make this information searchable through keywords. and#61472;The hidden web contains 99% of information content of the web. Most of this information is contained in the databases and is not indexed by search engines. This means if we are searching for information from surface web only, we search through only 1% of WWW and miss 99% of it whereas 95% of hidden web is free publicly accessible information. As the Hidden web information that is hidden behind the search query forms can only be accessed by interacting with these forms, development of automated system that interacts with the search forms and extracts the hidden web content would be of great value to human users. Today, the web is crowded with home-pages and sites that sell various types of products. Since the companies selling same type of products are not at all interested to publish the products of their competitors on their site, it would be nice if there is a free web service which collaborate the marketing of the products of the competitor web sites. Infact all the information is available on the internet but buried behind search interfaces and stored inside the databases.

References p.127-138, Appendix p.139-148

Internet is a great tool and ready-made forum for communication. With the growing popularity of Internet communication applications such as instant messaging, blogs and social networking sites among adolescents, the Internet has become an important social context for their development. The present research aimed at analyzing the perceived influence of Internet use on Social Competence, Emotional Maturity and General Wellbeing of adolescents belonging to different Residential Background, Gender, Academic Stream and Frequency of Internet Access. 496 Internet user adolescents were surveyed about their access to Internet. Respondents also completed measures of Social Competence, Emotional Maturity and General Well-being. The data was collected through random sampling and analyzed in the light of the objectives and design of the study. In order to see the influence, 2×2×2×3 factorial design was employed. The findings of the study indicate that (i) There exists a significant influence of Residential Background on Emotional Maturity of Internet user adolescents; (ii) There exists a significant interactive influence between Residential Background and Academic Stream on Social Competence, Emotional Maturity and General Well-being of Internet user adolescents; (iii) There exists a significant interactive influence between Academic Stream and Frequency of Internet Access on Emotional Maturity of Internet user adolescents; (iv) There exists a significant interactive influence among Residential Background, Gender and Frequency of Internet Access on Emotional Maturity of Internet user adolescents. A major limitation of the study was that longitudinal data were available only on Social Competence Scale, Emotional Maturity Scale and General Wellbeing Scale, not on Internet use Questionnaire. The implications of results for researchers, parents and other lay persons are discussed. The present study, however, provide more than an interesting glimpse into influence of Internet among adolescents.

Bibliography p.368-406

Domestication has played an enormous role in the development and progress of mankind and its material culture. In fact, a domesticated animal was the first pride possession of man. The fundamental distinction between domesticated animals and their wild ancestors is that the former, as a result of human perseverance and labour on them, underwent sea changes in their habits, habitats, disposition and to some extent even in physical structure so to meet the specific requirements and even whims of humans in different strata of their existence. The study of animal remains throws ample light on the antiquity of humankind by establishing different species of animals domesticated by man at different stages of his existence and as such the studies of faunal remains constitute a major discipline to the field of archeology with the slightly modified nomenclature of archaeozoology or zoo-archaeology. The discipline of archaeology, apart from identification and interpretation of food refuse and other types of animal remains from archaeological contexts, addresses issues relating to prehistoric subsistence, palaeo-environmental conditions, process of domestication of different species of animals, season(s) of occupation and the roles played by different species of animals, domesticated or wild, in the social, economic and cultural life of humans in different regions. As such, the study of animal remains has become an increasingly important part of archaeological research. Harappan civilization located in the north-western region of Indian subcontinent was the oldest and largest civilization of world. Ironically, it came to light, that too accidently while laying of a railway line between Karachi and Lahore, just about a century ago. Social, economic, cultural and other facets of Harappan life were reconstructed by scholars, initially, on the basis of seals, sealings, figurines painted motifs on pottery and other evidences recovered archaeologically from different Harappan sites, but since then faunal remains have started...

Bibliography p.261-284, Appendix p.285-291

Toni Morrison, a Nobel Laureate, is one of the foremost of twentieth century African American women novelists whose award-winning novels have captivated the hearts of the common readers as well as the scholars of literature. Her novels, grounded in African American realities and concerns, offer a fresh perspective on the blacks lives, their history and genealogy. She explores such complex social, political and philosophical concerns in her novels as black victimization, the emotional and social effects of racial and sexual oppression, and the difficulties African Americans face in trying to achieve a sense of identity in a society dominated by white cultural values. Morrison s commitment to her people, their lives and their art is evidenced in all she has written. The artistic excellence of Morrison s fiction, however, lies in achieving a balance between writing a truly black literature and writing what is truly universal literature. Her success as an internationally acclaimed writer transcends both her racial identity and her gender. Toni Morrison s novels have inspired a wide range of literary criticism over the last three decades. The variegated critical approaches to Morrison s fiction reveal that most critics have either neglected the role and significance of male characters in her novels or have dealt with only marginally and that too with a distorted perspective. Consequently, Morrison s criticism is left bereft of an in-depth analysis of the role and significance of male characters in her novels. The present thesis aims to fill this gap by making an in-depth study of the role and significance of male characters in Toni Morrison s fiction, thereby gaining fresh insights into her fictional art. newlineA careful study of Morrison s fictional writings shows that male characters are central to the novelist s vision and thematic design in her fiction. Morrison exhibits a profound grasp of male psychology, drawing her male characters in all their varieties and complexities.

Bibliography p.179-185

Literature in translation has come to assume vital significance in the present times in the wake of Globalisation and the focus is shifting from the dominant languages like English to hitherto unknown or lesser known languages. In the postcolonial scenario, English in India has resurrected itself in a new avtaar where it is being used to project the works of more and more Bhasha writers on the global scene. Despite the fact that the works of writers like Krishna Sobti are practically untranslatable due to their specificities of culture and region, her translated works successfully capture the various thematic matrices that the noted Hindi writer creates in her works. The first basic matrix comes in the form of power structures operating in the lives of characters in Sobti s fictional world at various levels of class, caste, gender etc. The characters react to these power structures differently. Some characters, unable to resist, succumb to them while some others show awareness to protest against the hegemonized oppression and find fissures in the structures of power. Sobti s approach to gender issues is also governed by the issues of power as many of her women characters are conditioned by the patriarchal forces. Sobti raises gender issues zealously in her works and hits hard on the lacunae in the patriarchal system that do not allow a woman to live life with dignity and individual space. She however does not view the issues from a narrow feminist perspective. Her approach to various issues is governed by an essentially humanistic viewpoint wherein man and woman become complementary rather than being opposite poles; each trying to respect the viewpoint of the other. In fact, Sobti s worldview is that of a humanist wherein basic human dignity is placed above everything. That is why her characters are seen celebrating their lives despite the octopus like stranglehold of the power structures. They consider life bliss and anything that is life sustaining is important for them.

Bibliography p.208-217 and Appendix include

There is intense competition among the public, Private and foreign Sector Banks and they all are taking steps to attract and retain the customers. New technologies, research facilities, globalization of services, the flood of new products and the concept of all the facilities under one roof to provide better customer service leading to customer delight. In the present scenario, brand loyalty is on decline. The customers are switching over frequently to avail the better facilities from other banks. Newer and superior products and services are being introduced continuously in the market. Thus, the banks have to upgrade their products, improve customer service and create bonds of trusts through proper care of customer needs and regular communications. With the help of CRM, strong customer loyalty and a good image for the organisation can be developed. In the intensely competitive banking industry, retention of existing customers is vital, which can be achieved through the process of CRM. With increased number of banks, products and services and practically nil switching costs, customers are easily switching banks whenever they find better services and products. Banks are finding it tough to get new customers, and more importantly, retain existing customers. According to a research by Reichheld and Sasser in the Harvard Business Review, 5 percent increase in customer retention can increase profitability by 35 percent in banking business, 50 percent in insurance and brokerage, and 125 percent in the consumer credit card market. Therefore, banks are now stressing on retaining customers and increasing market share.

Bibliography includes

As a saying in criminology goes a crime will happen where and only when the opportunity avails itself. Until recently, we were aware of only traditional types of crimes like murder, rape, theft, extortion, robbery, dacoity etc. But now with the development and advancement of science and technology there came into existence machines like computers and facilities like internet. The internet has opened up a whole new virtual heaven for the people both good and bad, clever and naive to enter and interact with lot of diverse cultures and sub-cultures, geography and demographics being no bar. The very same virtues of internet when gone in wrong hands or when exploited by people with dirty minds and malicious intentions, make it a virtual hell. Stories of copyright theft, hacking and cracking, virus attacks and plain hoaxes etc. have mounted up in the last few years. As a result of the rapid adoption of the internet globally, computer crimes are multiplying like mushrooms. The law enforcement officials have been frustrated by the inability of the legislators to keep cyber crime legislation ahead of the fast moving technological curve. At the same time, the legislators face the need to balance the competing interests between individual rights such as privacy and free speech, and the need to protect the integrity of the world s public and private networks.

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We are all consumers in one form or other. To protect the interest of consumers The Consumer Protection Act, 1986 was passed. Various services are covered under the Act. In a welfare state, education plays a very important role. It is the duty of the state also to provide necessary educational facilities to the common man. We have been guaranteed a very important right i.e. Right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution. The scope of Article 21 has been considerably expanded through judicial decisions and it has been held by our Supreme Court that right to education is also included within the scope of Article 21. In a landmark judgment in Mohini Jain v. State of Karnataka1 Supreme Court has held that the right to education is the fundamental right under Article 21 of the Constitution which cannot be denied to a citizen by charging higher fee particularly known as capitation Fee. Right to education is drawn directly from right to life. It was emphasized by the court that right to education is concomitant to the Fundamental Rights enshrined under Part-III of the Constitution. The Fundamental Right to speech and expression cannot be enjoyed unless citizen has education. In the same manner, in subsequent decisions also the Supreme Court upheld the views expressed in earlier cases relating to right to education. Article 21A has been inserted by the constitution (Eighty-Sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 where it is provided that the state shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age six to fourteen years. Further, in Directive principle of state policy, Article 45 of the Constitution provides that the state shall endeavour to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years. Further it is provided under A 51A(K) that it shall be the duty of every citizen of India, who is a parent or guardian to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years.

Bibliography p.210-214, Appendix p.215-220

The present investigations have been carried out on Indian malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies, which is responsible for about 65-70% of malaria in India. During this study an attempt has been made to develop the indigenous techniques for mosquito transgenesis and to identify an effector/ antiparasitic molecule for transmission blocking and for anti-mosquito immunity. For this, the ultra structure of An. culicifacies eggs has been observed with the help of scanning electron microscopy so as to prepare the eggs for microinjection/ transgenesis. An. culicifacies egg were boat shaped, black in color, moderate float length (14 15ridges) and 3 oval shaped lobed tubercles at both anterior and posterior ends. Micropylar orifice was surrounded by collar with incomplete hexagonal rays. Chorionic cells were present on anterior-lateral surface with distinct boundries. The frill was moderate in height. The ultra structural analysis should enable to prepare the eggs for microinjection. In addition, the construction of pBac [3xP3-EGFP-Afm] plasmid was standarized for microinjection. The temporal pattern of soluble proteins in the midgut of An. culicifacies has been studied to reveal the polypeptides involved in glucose feeding. The age and sex-specific polypeptides in the midgut have also been investigated. The soluble midgut proteins pattern of different species of Anopheles and in sibling species complex of An. Culicifacies (Type A, B and C) has also been investigated. N-terminal sequencing of low molecular weight polypeptides was also analyzed. N-terminal sequencing of low molecular weight proteins and sequence analysis shows that 13 kDa polypeptide was ~80% homologous to An. gambiae cecropin like poltpeptide. Hence, 13 kDa polypeptide was used to raise antisera. The antibody titer was measured by ELISA. The putative immunogenic polypeptides were identified by Western blotting. The binding of antibodies with different tissues was studied by in vivo ELISA.

Bibliography p.122-148, Appendix p.149-152

The Thesis presented herein under the title; ALLEVIATION OF INDUSTRIAL SICKNESS: A CRITICAL STUDY. Sickness has been widespread, both in public and the private sector. Enormous funds of the public and the government are blocked in sick industries. It is in the interest of the nation that the sick industries are rehabilitated, if possible, or else speedily would up to liquidate their assets and use the receipts in a productive manner. Industrial sickness is a universal problem faced by all the countries in the world. Indian economy, which was pre dominantly an Agrarian economy, started its pursuit for industrialization after attaining its independence in 1947. The industrial policy resolution of 1948 marked the evolution of Indian industrial policy; and thereafter with the economic and social development, there has been a shift in the industrial policy from the directed and regulated economy in 1948 and 1956 policy resolution to the free market economy in 1991. Right from the inception of the industrialisation, many industries suffered huge financial losses resulting in their closure which led to loss of employment, government revenue and the dent on huge financial assets which were invested in the setting up of these industries. In order to improve the condition of industries, Government appointed a committee known as the Tiwari Committee on the basis of the Tiwari Committee Report of 1983, the Govt. passed an enactment i.e. Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provision) Act, of 1985 (SICA) in the wider public interest and with a view to secure timely detection of the sick and potentially viable Sick Industrial Companies and for the speedily determination of preventive, ameliorative, remedial and other measures which need to be taken with respect to such companies by a board of experts. The powers conferred by SICA on the quasi judicial authorities i.e. BIFR/AAIFR in regard to the issues pertaining to Sick Industrial Companies are very wide in nature, which include the inquiry into the working of the Sick...

Bibliography p.342-347

The work of a teacher is physically and mentally challenging. The problem of the teacher may be compounded by the school culture and climate. In an attempt to survive, a teacher may struggle to handle many tasks at a time. Even though unable to balance his burden, at times becomes so heavy that he becomes exhausted, defensive and offensive. This condition of a teacher is known as Burnout. The present investigation was intended to study the Organizational Role Stress, Ego Strength and the level of Burnout and Self Actualization among secondary school teachers of Delhi. Further it intended to find out the relationship between dimensions of Burnout (Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization and Personal Accomplishment) and Organizational Role Stress, dimensions of Burnout and Ego Strength, dimensions of Burnout and Self Actualization. This study also intended to find out the combined influence of Organizational Role Stress, Ego Strength and Self Actualization on Burnout among secondary school teachers. Further, it intended to find out the relationship between Burnout and Organizational Role Stress by partialling out the Ego Strength and Self-Actualization, relationship between Burnout and Ego-Strength by partialling out the Organizational Role Stress and Self Actualization, relationship between Burnout and Self-Actualization by partialling out the Organizational Role Stress and Ego Strength. This study also compared the three levels of Burnout between male and female secondary school teachers. For the purpose, a sample of 320 secondary school teachers from Delhi government schools was randomly selected. While selecting the sample care was taken that equal number of male and female teachers were selected. The major findings of the study were : Majority of the secondary school teachers is experiencing medium level Burnout. Secondary school teachers are experiencing more stress on role ambiguity and role expectation conflict and teachers are experiencing low stress on resource inadequacy.

Bibliography p.181-204

Modern education has recognized the responsibility of man making by undertaking the development of all aspect of personality i.e. mental, physical, emotional, intellectual and social, the end result being all-round development of the personality. Physical education also strives to achieve the same end result. Physical education is a process through which wholesome development of the child is ensured. It can be concluded that the aims of general education and physical education are identical and directed towards same direction i.e. total and harmonious development of an individual and the best place to achieve these aims are schools headed by the school principals, who set educational standards and goals and establish the policies and procedures to achieve them. They develop academic programs, monitor student s educational progress, and train and motivate teachers and other staff, manage career counseling and other student s services, administer record keeping, prepare budgets and perform many other duties. Thus, the future of physical education depends upon the attitude and interest of school principal who knows what to do with it and to what direction it will lead. The present study titled as A Study of Interest and Attitude of Public/Government/Convent School Principals of Delhi State towards Physical Education and Sports aims at investing about the interest and attitude of various school principals towards physical education and sports. For the purpose of investigation, the data was obtained covering the principals heading the schools in Delhi, further delimited to west Delhi schools both government and public/convent schools (delimitation of study). Further, the selection of the principals was based on convenient sampling to obtain relevant information through administering the questionnaire. The research scholar approached personally a total of 125 school principals, from different schools of west Delhi.

Bibliography p.159-174, Appendix p.175-178

During the last few decades, there has been a radical change in every field on account of scientific inventions and technological advancement. To meet the challenges and requirements of this fast developing society, young people need to grow in the ability to think rationally and to express their thoughts clearly. Independent thinking, careful analysis and objective assessment contribute to the success in any field. Thinking is related to the learning because Knowledge of a person affects ones thinking pattern. Thinking is one of the most important aspects of one s cognitive behaviour. It is universally acknowledged fact that the progress of any nation depends mainly on the utilization of potential of its intellectually gifted and creatively talented individuals to the maximum. This study is a deliberate attempt to study the socio-psychological correlates (i.e. personality and socio-economic status) in relation to learning and thinking style and creativity of secondary school students. In the present study entitled A STUDY OF SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF LEARNING-THINKING STYLE AND CREATIVITY OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS , the socio psychological correlates is a variable which is taken as an independent variable includes the variable like: Socio includes socio-economic status and Psychological correlates includes personality variables. Main objectives of the study were to see the relationship between socio-economic status and learning-thinking style; socio-economic status and creativity; personality and learning thinking style and personality and creativity of secondary school students. The study is also aimed to find out the significance of difference between mean scores of learning thinking styles and creativity of secondary school students belonging to different socio economic status, gender, location of school and group of personality traits. To attain the objectives null hypotheses were framed. Descriptive survey method of research was used in executing the present study.

Bibliography p.174-187

Induction of Mitotic Index (MI), Chromosomal Aberration (CA) and Satellite Association (SA) by the insecticides Imidacloprid- a neonicotinoid and Lambda Cyhalothrin- a synthetic pyrethroid at 24 hrs whereas Micronuclei (MN) at 48hrs exposure were evaluated in bone marrow cells of the swiss albino female mice. Lambda Cyhalothrin and Imidcloprid were studied at three different doses i.e. 6.63, 13.25 and 19.88 mg/kg bw and 37.5, 75.0 and 112.5 mg/kg bw respectively. Insecticides were given orally to mice. Mitomycin C (1 mg/kg bw) was used as positive control and given intra-peritoneally. Reduction in MI was recorded for both the insecticides in comparison to negative control. A statistically significant (plt0.01) decrease in MI was recorded for all the doses of Lambda cyhlothrin (7.60 and#61617; 0.86 to 5.92 and#61617; 0.83) whereas in the case of Imidacloprid 1.5 fold decrease was observed from low dose to high dose. A trend of decrease in the MI was observed from low dose to high dose (6.56 ± 0.94 to 5.56 ± 0.62) of the Imidacloprid. Much higher frequency of aberration was recorded for both the insecticides. Chromosomal Aberrations were mainly observed in the form of chromatid gaps and breaks for both lambda Cyhalothrin and Imidacloprid in bone marrow cell of the mice in comparison to negative control. Frequency of abnormal metaphases was on the higher side for both the insecticides, Imidacloprid and lambda Cyhalothrin. Mitomycin C showed high frequency of MNPCE compared to different doses of Lambda Cyhalothrin. Significant increase in frequency of MNPCE was observed for both Lambda Cyhlothrin (6.63-19.88mg/kg bw) and Imidacloprid (37.5-112.mg/kg bw). However, no satellite association was observed in both the insecticides. Our finding suggests that both of these insecticides are genotoxic. The study emphasis s the judicious and careful handling of Imidacloprid and Lambda Cyhalothrin.

References p.105-128

Investment, or creation of capital, is an important determinant of economic growth. In general, investment may lead to creation of physical capital, financial capital and human capital. In combination with other factors of production and technology, investment determines the levels and growth through changes in production and consumption of goods and services. Other things being the same, less investment leads to lower economic growth with attendant consequences on reduction in income, consumption and employment. Foreign investment can reduce domestic savings gap. Hence, notwithstanding the domestic savings gap, economic growth can be increased in an open economy with inflow of foreign investment. The foreign investment in India would stimulate the domestic investments. The foreign investments are complementary to economic growth and development in developing countries like India. Investment in an economy raises output and improves standard of living of the people. Keeping this end in view, both developed and developing countries are trying their best to undertake investment programmes. Since the availability of capital is scarce in many countries due to low rate of domestic savings, hence the importance of foreign investment is ever rising. Foreign capital consists of private foreign capital and public foreign capital. Public foreign capital is otherwise financial foreign aid where as private foreign capital consists of either foreign direct investment or indirect foreign investment. In case of foreign direct investment (FDI), the private foreign investor either sets up a branch or a subsidiary in the recipient country. In the liberalized environment as economics become increasingly open, and trade between countries expand, financial transactions become global through financing trade of goods and services. Capital is the engine of economic development and this statement is gaining importance in the recent times.

Bibliography p.137-144, Appendix p.145-170

Present study was intended to examine the neuropsychological deficit if any associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The sample of the study was consisted of 120 boys in the age range of 7 years to 13 years. Thirty boys in each of the three ADHD subtype groups i.e. inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive and combined type were taken. A matched control group was also taken. Only psychiatrically diagnosed cases were included in each of the above three groups. These children were administered neuropsychological test like Finger Tapping Test developed by Spreen and Strauss, (1998), Color Cancellation Test developed by Kapur, (1974), Phonemic Fluency Test developed by Lezak, (1995), Picture Completion Test developed by Malin, (1969) and N back Task developed by Smith and Jonides, (1995), uniformly under standard testing conditions by the investigator. Similarly, the children in the control group (30 boys) were also administered these test by the investigator. The tests were scored as per scoring guidelines given in the manuals. The obtained data were analyzed by using both descriptive as well as inferential statistics. In descriptive statistics means and standard deviation were calculated and in inferential statistics simple ANOVA was done for significance of the mean difference in different groups. Duncan s Post -hoc Test was applied where ever it was required for significant group comparisons. Findings revealed that the hyperactive/impulsive and combined types of ADHD children performed poorly on motor speed than the control group with their left hand. In case of right hand all the ADHD children performed poorly on motor speed than their normal control group counterparts. Similarly, ADHD children showed deficits in sustained attention and executive functions on working memory the ADHD children were found to perform poorly than the control group children. Variations among the three subtypes of ADHD (Combined, Hyperactive/impulsive and Inattentive) children were less prominent.

References p.100-120, Appendix p.121-125

The women play a significant role in the life of every individual human being. Securing her better birthrights would mean giving better future to our own society, family and to every individual. The gender inequality facets in different forms, but the most tedious one percept relate to the effective property rights. This disparity in property right pertaining to gender, spells from ancient times. Under ancient Hindu Society, a woman was considered to be of low in social status and treated as a dependent with barely any property rights. Under the old Mitakshara Law, on birth, the son acquires a right and interest in the family property. According to this school, a son, grandson, and a great grandson constitute a class of coparceners, based on births in family. No female is a member of the coparcenary in Mitakshara Law. The earliest legislation brought females into the scheme of inheritance as The Hindu Law of Inheritance Act, 1929, conferred inheritance rights on three females heirs i.e., son s daughter, daughter s daughters and sister. During this period another landmark legislation conferring ownership right on a woman was the Hindu women s Right to Property Act XVIII of 1937. The Act of 1937 enabled the widow to succeed along with the son and to take the same share as the son. The widow is not a coparcener even though she posses a right akin to coparcener s interest in the property and is a member of the joint family. newlinePrior to commencement of the Act of 1956 the property held by a Hindu female was classified under two heads: (1) Stridhan and (2) Hindu Women s estate. The former was regarded as her absolute property over which she had full ownership and on her death it devolved upon her heirs. The later was considered to be her limited estate with respect to which her powers of alienation were limited. The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 is the landmark legislation in this field, it got all the Hindus under the one kind of joint family coparcenary system i.e. Mitakshara coparcenary.

Bibliography p.352-355

Emotional maturity refers to that stage of individual which the individual is able to face reality and deal with it, is interest in given and receiving love, is able to learn from his experiences and able to accept frustration and hostility in a constructive manner. Self esteem means the value ascribed by the individual to himself and the quality of the way he views himself. Home environment is giving appropriate atmosphere which is helpful in child s proper development and forming basic patterns of behavior. A mentally healthy person shows a homogeneous organization of desirable attitudes, healthy values and righteous self-concept and a scientific perception of the world as a whole. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: 1. To find out the relationship between emotional maturity among senior secondary school students and their self-esteem. 2. To find out the relationship between emotional maturity among senior secondary school students and various dimensions of home environment i.e.: Control, Protectiveness, Punishment, Conformity, Social isolation, Reward, Deprivation of Privileges, Nurturance, Rejection, Permissiveness. 3. To find out the relationship between emotional maturity among senior secondary school students and mental health among senior secondary school students. 4. To find out the difference between rural and urban senior secondary school students in relation to emotional maturity. 5. To find out the difference between male and female senior secondary school students in relation to emotional maturity. 6. To find out the difference between rural male and female senior secondary school students in relation to emotional maturity. 7. To find out the difference between urban male and female senior secondary school students in relation to emotional maturity. 8. To identify the role of self esteem, mental health, home environment and its dimensions (control, protectiveness, punishment, conformity, social isolation, reward, deprivation, rejection, nurturance, permissiveness)

Bibliography p.156-180

The use of series capacitors in long distance Extra High Voltage (EHV) Transmission has become very common, since it offers an effective economical means of improving stability limits the transmission lines that are capable of carrying large blocks of power over long distances. They are also highly valuable in other respects such as voltage regulation, reactive power balance, load distribution etc. while the shunt reactors improve the voltage control facilitate lineenergisation and reduce temporary transient over voltages. Due to practical economical reasons, the compensating elements are located at few points along the line instead of being distributed over the entire length of the line location, circuit schematic of series capacitor shunt reactor stations are the deciding factors for maximum power transfer capability, voltage control conditions efficiency of power transmission of the compensated transmission system. Due to above considerations, in the present work various schemes of series shunt compensation are considered for investigation. The analytical expressions for maximum load end power for various schemes are derived in terms of capacitive reactance used, sending end and load end voltages, and generalized line constants. The optimum value of compensation for each scheme has been determined. In the present study, an analytical approach is presented for comparative study of series and shunt compensation schemes of long transmission lines connected to the large load area based on maximum power transfer capability for the voltage stability consideration.

Bibliography p.151-165

With the development of high strength temperature resistant, non-conductive and special application materials which have wide applications in aerospace, automobile, medical etc., demand for powder metallurgy alloying methods has grown tremendously. Using modern compacting techniques more complex parts can be sintered in larger sizes and quantities with high quality and precision. The compacting dies are the mid-point of this powder metallurgy technique which influences the quality of finished components and hence affect the economies of producing a large number of assemblies and subassemblies. Therefore, aim of the manufacturing engineers is to produce the dies which run for a longer time and produce the components of desired quality. For efficient working, in long run, these compacting dies must possess some key qualities like good surface finish and precise dimensional tolerance. Good surface finish significantly affects the die release characteristics, durability and finished product quality. Precise dimensional tolerance can eliminate the additional machining and finishing of sintered components. Material for these compacting dies must possess high strength, wear resistance and long term reliability. Cemented carbide, primarily those of WC have been commonly used in tool and die industries because of their excellent hardness and strength. They are formed by sintering of WC powder with the binder (typically Co or Ni) at temperature near the melting point of the metal. Hardness and strength of WC composite is determined by the percentage of binder and the grain size of the particles. WC Co composite is very difficult to machine with conventional machining methods.Die performance is a function of umpteen numbers of factors such as percentage and grain size of material constituents, machining parameters, tool electrode, geometry of die and type of machining operation. Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (wire EDM/WEDM) is a special form of Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) which has the capability to produce

Bibliography p.189-204

Measuring website quality has been a major concern since the invention of web. newlineMoreover with the advancement of web technology the dimensions to evaluate quality kept on changing. As such it becomes difficult to analyze and focus upon the critical dimensions which should be paid more attention relative to others. Additionally comparing similar websites on quality front need some quantitative approach. In such a scenario, the necessity to develop a quality system model for web environment arose which could be pursued quantitatively. The criteria for evaluating website quality to sufficiently assess the quality of a website require assimilation of critical factors in hierarchy of their importance. Since, with the advancement of web technology the website quality metrics has also changed, the evaluation metrics framework need to be developed as a hierarchical tree in order of their criticality. The selection of a website in terms of quality is a complex multi-criteria decision problem. The problem may be solved using systematic and logical approach to assess priorities based on the inputs of internal and external customers of website. A survey has been conducted to identify key website quality factors. The survey data has been utilized to apply TOPSIS technique for ranking of factors. Thereafter mean value of each factor is calculated and highest and lowest value of mean is taken for deciding an average cut-off value. The factors lying above this average value qualifies as critical web quality factors for further analysis. A web quality model is proposed on the basis of identified critical web quality factors. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) involves several decision-makers with different conflicting objective to arrive at a consensus decision. In this thesis, a model is proposed based on AHP for website selection in terms of quality. Sensitivity analysisis performed to check the sensitivity of web quality factors on the alternatives i.e.websites.

Bibliography p.186-204, Appendix p.172-184