You searched for +publisher:"Vanderbilt University" +contributor:("Sohee Park").
Showing records 1 – 30 of
40 total matches.
◁ [1] [2] ▶
Vanderbilt University
1.
Peterman, Joel Stephen.
Impaired Recognition of Gait Presented Affect in Patients with Schizophrenia.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2011, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13168 
► Individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) consistently show impairment of facial emotion recognition, but underlying mechanisms that give rise to this difficulty have not been elucidated. Given…
(more)
▼ Individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) consistently show impairment of facial emotion recognition, but underlying mechanisms that give rise to this difficulty have not been elucidated. Given the findings of abnormalities in the fusiform face area and aberrant visual information processing in SZ, it is possible that these individuals may have a perceptual difficulty in extracting appropriate affective cues. The human face and body are rich sources of social and emotional cues, but facial stimuli have been used to examine emotion processing in SZ. Past studies have found that healthy individuals can accurately detect social information from sparse, point-light displays that depict humans in motion (i.e. biological motion). Yet little data exist on the role of biological motion perception in affect recognition in SZ. We hypothesized that SZ patients would show deficits in extracting affective cues from biological motion and that this difficulty might be associated with social deficits. Outpatients with SZ and demographically matched healthy controls (CO) viewed of a “digital” walker in motion. In the Affect condition they were asked to decide whether the walker is angry or happy. In the Gender condition, they were asked to judge whether the walker is a male or a female. Overall accuracy and bias were measured. SZ patients were less accurate than CO on the Affect condition but similar on the Gender condition. These results suggest that SZ patients are impaired in extracting affective information from biological stimuli and that this deficit may cascade into misinterpretation of social signals in the real world.
Advisors/Committee Members: Andrew Tomarken (committee member), Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: emotion recognition; biological motion; social cognition; schizophrenia
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Peterman, J. S. (2011). Impaired Recognition of Gait Presented Affect in Patients with Schizophrenia. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13168
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Peterman, Joel Stephen. “Impaired Recognition of Gait Presented Affect in Patients with Schizophrenia.” 2011. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13168.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Peterman, Joel Stephen. “Impaired Recognition of Gait Presented Affect in Patients with Schizophrenia.” 2011. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Peterman JS. Impaired Recognition of Gait Presented Affect in Patients with Schizophrenia. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13168.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Peterman JS. Impaired Recognition of Gait Presented Affect in Patients with Schizophrenia. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13168
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
2.
Kline, Nora Katharine.
Laughter and Amusement’s Buffering Effect on
Stress in a Population with Symptoms of Anxiety: An Experimental Design.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2016, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11344
► Anxiety and stress can have debilitating effects on our physical and mental health. The purpose of the current study was to examine a way to…
(more)
▼ Anxiety and stress can have debilitating effects on our physical and mental health. The purpose of the current study was to examine a way to buffer, or protect, people with anxious symptoms from the negative affect produced by a stressor. I examined if co-occurring laughter and amusement, elicited by an amusing video and instructions to act amused, has a stress buffering effect for people with elevated symptoms of anxiety. The study employed a between-subject design with two conditions. Participants were randomly assigned to either the control condition (boring video/boring instructions) or amusing condition (amusing video/amusing instructions). Results did not show evidence of a stress buffering effect of co-occurring laughter and amusement in this specific population of people with symptoms of anxiety. Negative affect post-stressor task significantly increased, rather than decreased (t(27) = - 2.995; p < 0.01). The current study reveals that a stress buffering manipulation that was effective in a sample of the general population was not effective in a sample of people with anxious symptoms. Potential reasons for these results, as well as limitations and future directions, are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Leslie Kirby (committee member), Sohee Park (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: laughter; amusement; stress; anxiety; buffering
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kline, N. K. (2016). Laughter and Amusement’s Buffering Effect on
Stress in a Population with Symptoms of Anxiety: An Experimental Design. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11344
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kline, Nora Katharine. “Laughter and Amusement’s Buffering Effect on
Stress in a Population with Symptoms of Anxiety: An Experimental Design.” 2016. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11344.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kline, Nora Katharine. “Laughter and Amusement’s Buffering Effect on
Stress in a Population with Symptoms of Anxiety: An Experimental Design.” 2016. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kline NK. Laughter and Amusement’s Buffering Effect on
Stress in a Population with Symptoms of Anxiety: An Experimental Design. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11344.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kline NK. Laughter and Amusement’s Buffering Effect on
Stress in a Population with Symptoms of Anxiety: An Experimental Design. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11344
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
3.
Benson, Taylor Leigh.
Enhanced visuospatial imagery manipulation in schizophrenia.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2012, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13493
► The current study sought to expand on previous research by investigating the relationship between spatial working memory, visuospatial imagery, and temporo-parietal abnormalities in schizophrenia by…
(more)
▼ The current study sought to expand on previous research by investigating the relationship between spatial working memory, visuospatial imagery, and temporo-parietal abnormalities in schizophrenia by examining the contributions of these spatial vulnerability markers to clinical correlates and individual psychopathology in medicated outpatients with chronic schizophrenia.
Compared to healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia exhibited 1) impaired performance on a spatial working memory task; 2) equal performance on Raven’s Matrices and Paper Folding Test; and 3) enhanced performance on an imagery-based jigsaw puzzle task. For healthy controls, spatial working memory and mental imagery abilities are closely related. In contrast, these two functions are dissociated in schizophrenia, which may indicate abnormal connectivity of the frontoparietal network.
I propose that the dissociation between working memory and mental imagery may be a more refined endophenotype candidate for schizophrenia than spatial working memory deficit alone, and conclude with future directions to investigate schizophrenia liability by evaluating differential contributions of multiple markers, risk factors and stressors across the schizophrenia spectrum to help elucidate the factors that lead to schizophrenia symptomatology.
Advisors/Committee Members: Stephen Benning (committee member), Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: Working Memory; Mental Imagery; Schizophrenia
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Benson, T. L. (2012). Enhanced visuospatial imagery manipulation in schizophrenia. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13493
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Benson, Taylor Leigh. “Enhanced visuospatial imagery manipulation in schizophrenia.” 2012. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13493.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Benson, Taylor Leigh. “Enhanced visuospatial imagery manipulation in schizophrenia.” 2012. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Benson TL. Enhanced visuospatial imagery manipulation in schizophrenia. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13493.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Benson TL. Enhanced visuospatial imagery manipulation in schizophrenia. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13493
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
4.
Wagener, Madison Adele.
The Perception of Biological Sound: A Test of the Social Deafferentation Hypothesis.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2015, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11787
► The Social Deafferentation (SDA) hypothesis explains the presence of delusions and hallucinations in schizophrenia as the outcome of hyperactive social brain network triggered by prolonged…
(more)
▼ The Social Deafferentation (SDA) hypothesis explains the presence of delusions and hallucinations in schizophrenia as the outcome of hyperactive social brain network triggered by prolonged social isolation in vulnerable individuals (Hoffman, 2007). The present study sought to test SDA by examining the roles of loneliness and social isolation in false perception of social meaning in auditory stimuli in relation to psychosis-risk.
Young, healthy participants with normal hearing completed the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-B), UCLA Loneliness Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and Openness to Experience Questionnaire. Then they were asked to listen to 1-second audio clips and decide whether the sound was human or non-human in a two-alternative forced-choice task. The auditory stimuli were extracted from the Montreal. There were two types of stimuli: human vocal sound and energy-matched non-human sounds. Half the stimuli contained white noise to degrade the target sound. There were 167 trials containing human vocal sound, human vocal sound with modified white noise, energy-matched non-human sound, or energy-matched non-human sound with modified white noise. Sensitivity was calculated by subtracting the proportion of false alarms from the proportion of hits. Loneliness was correlated with increased false alarms rates, as was openness to experience but depression was not related to increased false alarms. PQB was also not correlated with sensitivity or the proportion of false alarms. These results suggest that socially isolated individuals are more likely to perceive and/or interpret ambiguous information in the environment as socially meaningful and hence provide partial support for the SDA hypothesis.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sohee Park (committee member), David Lubinski (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: social information; social isolation; hallucinations; loneliness
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Wagener, M. A. (2015). The Perception of Biological Sound: A Test of the Social Deafferentation Hypothesis. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11787
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wagener, Madison Adele. “The Perception of Biological Sound: A Test of the Social Deafferentation Hypothesis.” 2015. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11787.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wagener, Madison Adele. “The Perception of Biological Sound: A Test of the Social Deafferentation Hypothesis.” 2015. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Wagener MA. The Perception of Biological Sound: A Test of the Social Deafferentation Hypothesis. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11787.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Wagener MA. The Perception of Biological Sound: A Test of the Social Deafferentation Hypothesis. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11787
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
5.
Bowes, Charnese Peter-Gay.
Reorganization of somatosensory cortex subsequent to dorsal column injury: a study of the marmoset and the squirrel monkey.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2011, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12434
► The importance of accurate cortical representation and processing of hand use is clearly appreciated when one considers the behavioral deficits observed after the dorsal columns…
(more)
▼ The importance of accurate cortical representation and processing of hand use is clearly appreciated when one considers the behavioral deficits observed after the dorsal columns have been interrupted. Animals experience gross deficits in their ability to accurately guide the affected hand, and additionally, once the item is within its grasp, the animal may keep looking for it due to the loss of tactile sensation.
We were able to conclude that somatosensory cortical areas including 3b, 3a, area 1 and possibly area 2 undergo considerable reorganization subsequent to dorsal column injury in the marmoset.
We posited that one likely source of this reorganization is the sprouting of collateral axons of primary afferent fibers that remain intact after injury. Whether these postsynaptic nuclei are appropriate targets that go on to make connections with corresponding parts of the body representation in cortex plays a crucial role in determining if amplification of an appropriate signal will occur, or if misperception of the source of input takes place.
Prior studies in rats indicate that application of chondroitinase ABC (chABC) to the dorsal column nuclei subsequent to dorsal column pathway damage leads to functional reactive sprouting. We sought to determine how somatosensory cortical organization is affected subsequent to dorsal column pathway damage and chABC application to the cuneate nucleus in squirrel monkeys.
In the chABC-treated animals, these recordings showed that cortical territories once activated by deafferented peripheral inputs had become primarily responsive to the D1 afferents that remained intact after the lesion. It will be necessary to not only promote the eventual formation of new and functional synapses but also to provide the guidance necessary for these new circuits to confer behavioral benefits to those affected by SCI.
Advisors/Committee Members: Troy Hackett (committee member), Sohee Park (committee member), Ford Ebner (committee member), Jon Kaas (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: dorsal column; chondroitinase ABC; spinal cord injury; monkey
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Bowes, C. P. (2011). Reorganization of somatosensory cortex subsequent to dorsal column injury: a study of the marmoset and the squirrel monkey. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12434
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bowes, Charnese Peter-Gay. “Reorganization of somatosensory cortex subsequent to dorsal column injury: a study of the marmoset and the squirrel monkey.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12434.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bowes, Charnese Peter-Gay. “Reorganization of somatosensory cortex subsequent to dorsal column injury: a study of the marmoset and the squirrel monkey.” 2011. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Bowes CP. Reorganization of somatosensory cortex subsequent to dorsal column injury: a study of the marmoset and the squirrel monkey. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12434.
Council of Science Editors:
Bowes CP. Reorganization of somatosensory cortex subsequent to dorsal column injury: a study of the marmoset and the squirrel monkey. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12434
Vanderbilt University
6.
Robinson, Noah Matthew.
Using Virtual Reality to Regulate Affect for Patients with Substance Use Disorder.
Degree: MS, Psychology, 2019, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14319
► Drug overdose deaths are the leading cause of injury death in the United States—approximately 72,000 people died last year from overdose deaths (CDC, 2017). Substance…
(more)
▼ Drug overdose deaths are the leading cause of injury death in the United States—approximately 72,000 people died last year from overdose deaths (CDC, 2017). Substance use disorders often develop on top of strong emotional processes and negative experiences; for many, intoxication becomes a way to cope with negative affect. For others, they are a source of positive affect and hedonic gain. In order to prevent relapse, interventions must be immediately accessible to break maladaptive cycles of self-regulation. Immersive virtual reality (VR) may provide immediate access environments that elicit positive hedonic responses, as well as serve as portals to cognitive and behavioral interventions. Data collected immediately before and after 241 first- time exposures to VR games at a residential rehab facility suggests that VR not only decreased negative affect but increased positive affect too (something that prescription medications cannot do). Interviews with 20 patients reveal potential mechanisms for further exploration. By changing the context of a patient’s thoughts, feelings, behaviors and physiology, VR is able to alter mood. This cognitive behavioral immersion may be a viable tool to teach cognitive behavioral skill, regulate affect, and prevent relapse after discharge by providing an immediate alternative behavior to substance use.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sohee Park (committee member), David Cole (committee member), Steven Hollon (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: substance use disorders; addiction; affective regulation; relapse prevention; cognitive behavioral therapy; virtual reality
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Robinson, N. M. (2019). Using Virtual Reality to Regulate Affect for Patients with Substance Use Disorder. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14319
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Robinson, Noah Matthew. “Using Virtual Reality to Regulate Affect for Patients with Substance Use Disorder.” 2019. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14319.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Robinson, Noah Matthew. “Using Virtual Reality to Regulate Affect for Patients with Substance Use Disorder.” 2019. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Robinson NM. Using Virtual Reality to Regulate Affect for Patients with Substance Use Disorder. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14319.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Robinson NM. Using Virtual Reality to Regulate Affect for Patients with Substance Use Disorder. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14319
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
7.
Thakkar, Katharine Natasha.
Inhibition and monitoring of saccadic eye movements in schizophrenia.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2012, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13172
► Cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of schizophrenia, but the precise nature of these deficits has yet to be delineated. The goal of the following…
(more)
▼ Cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of schizophrenia, but the precise nature of these deficits has yet to be delineated. The goal of the following series of experiments was to advance our understanding of two particular cognitive functions related to control of action in schizophrenia, response inhibition and response monitoring, using two experimental paradigms that are firmly grounded in neurophysiology research and mathematical modeling, the saccadic countermanding and double-step tasks. Results indicated abnormalities in the control of action in patients with schizophrenia. Patients demonstrated replicable impairments in the efficiency of response inhibition. In addition, abnormal response monitoring was observed in two ways. First, across two studies, patients showed an exaggerated response to an unexpected cue requiring them to inhibit; their reaction times were more influenced by the immediately preceding trial. Second, patients showed evidence for fauly response monitoring by their difficulties with rapid, online adjustments of behavior. Compared to controls, they had fewer and slower error corrections and they failed to appropriately use feed-forward signals to predict the future position of the eye, putativley reflecting altered corollary discharge signals. These monitoring abnormalities were related to positive symptom severity. Finally, there was evidence for heritability of response inhibition impairments, with slower response inhibition observed in healthy relatives of schizophrenic patients. Further, both exaggerated trial history effects and slower response inhibition varyed as a function of psychosis-proneness, with the performance of bipolar patients falling between that of schizophrenia patients and controls. Combined, results shed further light on the cognitive profile of schizophrenia and lead to neurobiologically constrained hypotheses about the etiology of cognitive dysfunction. Additionally, these data contribute significantly to cognitive neuropsychiatric theories of some of the more bizarre and pathognomonic symptoms of the disease.
Advisors/Committee Members: Stephan Heckers (committee member), Jeffrey Schall (committee member), Andrew Tomarken (committee member), Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: schizophrenia; eye movements; response inhibition; response monitoring; corollary discharge
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Thakkar, K. N. (2012). Inhibition and monitoring of saccadic eye movements in schizophrenia. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13172
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Thakkar, Katharine Natasha. “Inhibition and monitoring of saccadic eye movements in schizophrenia.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13172.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Thakkar, Katharine Natasha. “Inhibition and monitoring of saccadic eye movements in schizophrenia.” 2012. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Thakkar KN. Inhibition and monitoring of saccadic eye movements in schizophrenia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13172.
Council of Science Editors:
Thakkar KN. Inhibition and monitoring of saccadic eye movements in schizophrenia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13172
Vanderbilt University
8.
Ichinose, Megan Christina.
Cross-task Relations of Verbal Memory Performance in Schizophrenia: A Case for Cognitive Dysconnectivity.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2015, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12997
► The neural ‘dysconnectivity’ hypothesis of schizophrenia proposes that core symptoms of schizophrenia arise from abnormal connectivity between distinct brain regions. While this hypothesis is supported…
(more)
▼ The neural ‘dysconnectivity’ hypothesis of schizophrenia proposes that core symptoms of schizophrenia arise from abnormal connectivity between distinct brain regions. While this hypothesis is supported by a mounting number of neuroimaging studies, few have examined how dysconnectivity might manifest behaviorally through cognitive task performance. Here, we present the concept of cognitive dysconnectivity as aberrant connections between cognitive processes, as observed in the disintegration of normal correlations across cognitive abilities. We specifically examined cross-task relations within the domain of verbal memory – a core area of dysfunction in schizophrenia. Twenty patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and 20 demographically matched healthy controls (HC) completed a battery of verbal memory tasks meant to assess working memory (letter-number span), long-term memory (verbal free-recall), and semantic memory processes (category fluency and a remote associates task). As expected, performance across tasks was impaired in SZ. Cross-task correlations were also significantly different between groups. While the majority of task intercorrelations were significant in HC, none of the intercorrelations were significant in SZ. A comparison of covariances also confirmed differences between SZ and HC in the cross-task covariance matrices as a whole. Differences remained after employing robust correlation and regression analyses that accommodate deviations from standard correlation testing assumptions. These findings suggest that verbal memory deficits in SZ could result from disrupted connections between various component cognitive processes, and thus offer a behavioral interpretation of neural dysconnectivity in schizophrenia.
Advisors/Committee Members: Geoffrey Woodman (committee member), Sean Polyn (committee member), Andrew Tomarken (committee member), Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: working memory; remote associates task; verbal recall; verbal fluency; covariance matrices; intercorrelations
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Ichinose, M. C. (2015). Cross-task Relations of Verbal Memory Performance in Schizophrenia: A Case for Cognitive Dysconnectivity. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12997
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ichinose, Megan Christina. “Cross-task Relations of Verbal Memory Performance in Schizophrenia: A Case for Cognitive Dysconnectivity.” 2015. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12997.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ichinose, Megan Christina. “Cross-task Relations of Verbal Memory Performance in Schizophrenia: A Case for Cognitive Dysconnectivity.” 2015. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ichinose MC. Cross-task Relations of Verbal Memory Performance in Schizophrenia: A Case for Cognitive Dysconnectivity. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12997.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ichinose MC. Cross-task Relations of Verbal Memory Performance in Schizophrenia: A Case for Cognitive Dysconnectivity. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12997
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
9.
Hinton, Kendra Elise.
Go/No-Go Performance is Related to White Matter Microstructure in a Broad Range of Regions.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2015, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13090
► Go/no-go tasks have been widely used to index response selection and inhibition (Garavan, Ross, & Stein, 1999). Complex versions of these tasks require additional skills…
(more)
▼ Go/no-go tasks have been widely used to index response selection and inhibition (Garavan, Ross, & Stein, 1999). Complex versions of these tasks require additional skills such as quick processing speed (Garavan et al., 1999). Difficulties with go/no-go task performance have been associated with impulsive behavior (Dalley, Everitt, & Robbins, 2011). Functional neuroimaging studies have identified a neural circuit that is involved in successful task performance (Chambers, Garavan, & Bellgrove, 2009). Structural connectivity between regions in this circuit, as indexed by metrics of white matter microstructure, also plays an important role (King et al., 2012). Previous studies have been largely confined to convenience samples that may not be representative of the larger population. They are also often limited to analysis only of inhibition components of the task. In the present study we examined the relationship between performance on a challenging variant of the go/no-go task and indices of white matter microstructure in a community sample of 161 subjects with a wide range of psychopathology. D-prime and hit rate were related to white matter microstructure in a wide range of regions. Processing speed was also related to behavioral performance and white matter microstructure. Substance use problems were modestly related to task performance and white matter metrics. Contrary to predictions, no relationship was observed between false alarm rate and white matter microstructure. Overall, these findings suggest that a general factor of white matter integrity is related to processing speed and go/no-go task performance.
Advisors/Committee Members: Neil Woodward (committee member), Sohee Park (committee member), David Zald (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: impulsivity; processing speed; cognitive control; diffusion tensor imaging
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Hinton, K. E. (2015). Go/No-Go Performance is Related to White Matter Microstructure in a Broad Range of Regions. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13090
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hinton, Kendra Elise. “Go/No-Go Performance is Related to White Matter Microstructure in a Broad Range of Regions.” 2015. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13090.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hinton, Kendra Elise. “Go/No-Go Performance is Related to White Matter Microstructure in a Broad Range of Regions.” 2015. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Hinton KE. Go/No-Go Performance is Related to White Matter Microstructure in a Broad Range of Regions. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13090.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Hinton KE. Go/No-Go Performance is Related to White Matter Microstructure in a Broad Range of Regions. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13090
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
10.
Benson, Taylor Leigh.
Bodily Self-Disturbances across the Schizophrenia-Spectrum.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2017, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14144
► Anomalous or weakened sense of self was central to early theories of schizophrenia. Recent empirical studies have also documented disturbances in body ownership and increased…
(more)
▼ Anomalous or weakened sense of self was central to early theories of schizophrenia. Recent empirical studies have also documented disturbances in body ownership and increased susceptibility for dissociative experiences such as the out of body experience (OBE) in patients with schizophrenia. However, more work is necessary to clarify the relationship between bodily self-disturbances in the schizophrenia spectrum. The current dissertation is comprised of three studies which aim to 1) investigate the prevalence of dissociative experiences across the schizophrenia spectrum; 2) introduce a new picture-based questionnaire, the “BODI” (Brugger et al. Out-of-body and Dissociative experiences Inventory), designed to assess unusual bodily experiences in clinical and healthy populations; and 3) investigate the relationship between anomalous self-experiences and abnormal multisensory integration across the schizophrenia spectrum. The results from these studies indicate that 1) dissociative experiences are prevalent in schizophrenia spectrum populations; 2) the BODI is a useful new tool that accurately captures bodily self-disturbances and predicts psychosis risk; and 3) bodily self-disturbances are related to differences in multisensory integration in young adults at risk for psychosis that are likely mediated by temporoparietal abnormalities. The results from these studies demonstrate the need for treatment programs to integrate multisensory training for people on the schizophrenia spectrum.
Advisors/Committee Members: Andrew Tomarken (committee member), Steven Hollon (committee member), Megan Saylor (committee member), Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: schizophrenia; psychosis; self; body
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Benson, T. L. (2017). Bodily Self-Disturbances across the Schizophrenia-Spectrum. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14144
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Benson, Taylor Leigh. “Bodily Self-Disturbances across the Schizophrenia-Spectrum.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14144.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Benson, Taylor Leigh. “Bodily Self-Disturbances across the Schizophrenia-Spectrum.” 2017. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Benson TL. Bodily Self-Disturbances across the Schizophrenia-Spectrum. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14144.
Council of Science Editors:
Benson TL. Bodily Self-Disturbances across the Schizophrenia-Spectrum. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14144
Vanderbilt University
11.
Hieber, Laura Louise.
Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness on Social Perception.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2015, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13091
► Individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) have been shown to exhibit deficits in detecting human agents against background noise, such that the signal-to-noise ratio of biological motion…
(more)
▼ Individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) have been shown to exhibit deficits in detecting human agents against background noise, such that the signal-to-noise ratio of biological motion perception is significantly reduced. Such impairments in biological motion perception have been associated with delusional beliefs. It has been suggested that hallucinations and delusions emerge in psychosis-prone individuals when prolonged social isolation triggers over-activation of the social brain network, thus fabricating spurious social meaning.
The effects of isolation and loneliness on the perception of social stimuli were systematically tested through Biological Motion (BM) discrimination tasks that utilize animated point-light displays of typical human physical activities (running, jumping, kicking, etc.) embedded in varying amounts of noise. Conditions of social exclusion and inclusion were created using a computerized game known as “Cyberball”. First, college students were randomly assigned to inclusion, exclusion and control conditions and subsequently participated in BM detection tasks. Loneliness and risk for psychosis were assessed. Results indicate that social exclusion impaired participant’s BM perception. Moreover, increased PQ-B was associated with greater endorsements of loneliness. Next, SZ participated in these tasks, where trends indicate a positive association between social distress and psychotic symptoms, as well as between symptoms and poorer BM extraction. These results demonstrate a relationship that will be explored in subsequent work, examining potential linkages between social distress and perception in SZ, particularly in relation to the positive symptoms of hallucinations and delusions, with the goal of addressing the adverse impact of loneliness on social cognitive processes and outcomes.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dr. Leslie Kirby (committee member), Dr. Andrew Tomarken (committee member), Dr. Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: social perception; schizophrenia; loneliness
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Hieber, L. L. (2015). Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness on Social Perception. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13091
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hieber, Laura Louise. “Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness on Social Perception.” 2015. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13091.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hieber, Laura Louise. “Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness on Social Perception.” 2015. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Hieber LL. Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness on Social Perception. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13091.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Hieber LL. Effects of Social Isolation and Loneliness on Social Perception. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13091
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
12.
Torregrossa, Lénie Julia.
Schizophrenia: from Minimal Self-disturbances to Disrupted Narrative identity.
Degree: MS, Psychology, 2018, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/10717
► Selfhood is experienced at multiple levels in healthy individuals with the minimal, unconscious self providing the building block for self-identity. In control populations, emotional experiences…
(more)
▼ Selfhood is experienced at multiple levels in healthy individuals with the minimal, unconscious self providing the building block for self-identity. In control populations, emotional experiences and awareness of physiological sensations play a key role in translating these pre-reflexive bodily processes into an explicit self-awareness integrated in autobiographical memories. The ability to create and recall accurate memories, in turn, is essential to develop a stable sense of identity and acquire adequate social skills. Individuals with schizophrenia routinely demonstrate disturbances in all of the above: weakened sense of self, anomalous bodily experiences, and impaired autobiographic memory. However, not much is known about the embodiment of emotions, a mechanism laying at the intersection of the minimal self and the narrative self, in this population. The onset of self-disturbances in the schizophrenia spectrum is also largely unknown.
In Study 1, we used a novel topographical tool to examine embodied emotions in schizophrenia and found that individuals with schizophrenia experience anomalous bodily sensation of emotions. In Study 2, we investigated minimal self-disturbances (interoception), emotional embodiment, and disturbances of the narrative self (autobiographical memory) in a group of individuals at high-risk for schizophrenia. We found impaired interoceptive accuracy and emotional embodiment in high risk individuals, although their autobiographical memory and narrative identity remains intact.
Together, our results suggest that self-disturbances appear progressively in schizophrenia, starting with disturbances of the minimal self and evolving to disturbances of the narrative, social self.
Advisors/Committee Members: David Zald (committee member), Anita Disney (committee member), Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: narrative identity; interoception; body mapping; embodiment; self-disturbances; schizophrenia
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Torregrossa, L. J. (2018). Schizophrenia: from Minimal Self-disturbances to Disrupted Narrative identity. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/10717
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Torregrossa, Lénie Julia. “Schizophrenia: from Minimal Self-disturbances to Disrupted Narrative identity.” 2018. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/10717.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Torregrossa, Lénie Julia. “Schizophrenia: from Minimal Self-disturbances to Disrupted Narrative identity.” 2018. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Torregrossa LJ. Schizophrenia: from Minimal Self-disturbances to Disrupted Narrative identity. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/10717.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Torregrossa LJ. Schizophrenia: from Minimal Self-disturbances to Disrupted Narrative identity. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/10717
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
13.
Kim, Joseph Un.
Orbitofrontal cortex lesions attenuate affective biases in economic decision-making.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2011, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/15020
► The orbitofrontal cortex has been speculated to play an important role in the processes that allow emotional factors to influence decision-making. In recent neuroimaging studies,…
(more)
▼ The orbitofrontal cortex has been speculated to play an important role in the processes that allow emotional factors to influence decision-making. In recent neuroimaging studies, orbitofrontal activity patterns have been linked to framing bias susceptibility in economic choice-behavior. However, it is still unclear whether orbitofrontal function directly contributes to the emergence of such observed framing bias. Hence, in the current study, we sought to examine the effect of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) lesions on framing bias by investigating economic choice-behavior of twelve OFC lesion patients using a financial decision-making task. Results showed OFC lesion patients exhibit marked reduction in framing bias, which indicated OFC lesions disrupt processes that adapt choice-behavior to contrasting affective contexts. Furthermore, OFC lesion patients were no more likely than controls to choose the gamble option over the sure option and vice versa in the task overall, which suggested that their reduced framing bias was neither due to generalized disinhibition of risk-taking tendencies, nor a broad and nonspecific shift in choice-preference irrespective of framing manipulations. Critically, OFC lesion patients revealed deficits in adjusting their choices according to varying reward magnitude and distinct relative reward values. This study provides key evidence in support of the hypothesis that the orbitofrontal cortex serves a critical role in guiding economic decision-making by integrating salient information about the affective context of potential choices.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sohee Park (committee member), Bruce D. McCandliss (committee member), David H. Zald (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: framing effect; orbitofrontal cortex; decision-making; prospect theory; lesion; emotion
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kim, J. U. (2011). Orbitofrontal cortex lesions attenuate affective biases in economic decision-making. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/15020
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kim, Joseph Un. “Orbitofrontal cortex lesions attenuate affective biases in economic decision-making.” 2011. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/15020.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kim, Joseph Un. “Orbitofrontal cortex lesions attenuate affective biases in economic decision-making.” 2011. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kim JU. Orbitofrontal cortex lesions attenuate affective biases in economic decision-making. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/15020.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kim JU. Orbitofrontal cortex lesions attenuate affective biases in economic decision-making. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/15020
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
14.
Peterman, Joel Stephen.
Inter- and Intrapersonal Body Perception in Schizophrenia.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2016, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14606
► Individuals with schizophrenia consistently display social functioning deficits with underlying emotion recognition impairments. Simulation of other’s emotional expressions facilitates recognition. Emotional states are comprised of…
(more)
▼ Individuals with schizophrenia consistently display social functioning deficits with underlying emotion recognition impairments. Simulation of other’s emotional expressions facilitates recognition. Emotional states are comprised of phenomenological, physiological, and expressive components working in a coordinated manner; and perception of another’s emotional expression activates the motor, somatic, and cognitive states associated with the expression, aiding the perceiver in recognizing the other’s emotional state. A series of studies was conducted to investigate emotion recognition deficits in patients with schizophrenia and demographically matched controls from an embodied perspective. Inpatients with schizophrenia displayed significant socio-emotional recognition deficits compared to controls, and failed to utilize socially relevant information (e.g. emotional state) when making social trait judgments. Outpatients exhibited poorer recognition accuracy on a dynamic emotional gait perception task despite their intact visual scanning behavior. Although normal scanning behavior in outpatients suggests attentional benefits of dynamic cues inherent in gait stimuli, attending to the salient aspects of an emotional expression did not automatically confer recognition. Outpatients also displayed altered responses to social and non-social emotional scenes compared to controls. Physiological arousal and facial musculature associated with negative emotional states were increased irrespective of the emotional valence of the scene. This suggests significant aberrations in the multi-faceted emotional experiences in schizophrenia. Finally, simulation and embodiment of emotions were indirectly assessed through the measurement of facial musculature activity during viewing of dynamic facial emotional expressions. Counter to expectations, both controls and outpatients displayed similar facial musculature activity irrespective of the emotion expressed by the face stimulus. In one condition, outpatients showed greater facial musculature activity than controls regardless of the expression. Taken together, these studies point to a breakdown in the simulation of emotional states in others, possibly due to a less sensitivity when distinguishing internal emotional states. With more “noise” in this system, individuals with schizophrenia must rely on more frontally-mediated abilities to understand other’s emotional states. Such a conceptualization provides an opportunity for new treatments of this intractable disorder.
Advisors/Committee Members: Andrew Tomarken (committee member), David Zald (committee member), Nilanjan Sarkar (committee member), Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: Schizophrenia; emotion recognition; embodiment
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Peterman, J. S. (2016). Inter- and Intrapersonal Body Perception in Schizophrenia. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14606
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Peterman, Joel Stephen. “Inter- and Intrapersonal Body Perception in Schizophrenia.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14606.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Peterman, Joel Stephen. “Inter- and Intrapersonal Body Perception in Schizophrenia.” 2016. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Peterman JS. Inter- and Intrapersonal Body Perception in Schizophrenia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14606.
Council of Science Editors:
Peterman JS. Inter- and Intrapersonal Body Perception in Schizophrenia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14606
Vanderbilt University
15.
Treadway, Michael Tilghman.
Parsing anhedonia: effort-based decision-making as a translational model of motivational deficits in Major Depressive Disorder.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2012, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12535
► Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a persistent, severe mental disorder with approximately 16% lifetime prevalence. Anhedonia has long been recognized as a core feature of…
(more)
▼ Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a persistent, severe mental disorder with approximately 16% lifetime prevalence. Anhedonia has long been recognized as a core feature of the disorder. Described as a reduction in the interest or enjoyment derived from pleasurable activities, clinical assessment of anhedonia has primarily relied on clinician-rated or self-reported hedonic responses to past experiences or laboratory stimuli, despite the well-established clinical observation that anhedonia is often accompanied by reductions in motivation. The lack of attention to possible motivational deficits in anhedonia has hindered efforts to uncover the pathophysiology of this debilitating symptom, as substantial preclinical evidence suggests that motivational and consummatory aspects of reward processing possess distinct neurobiological substrates. In particular, the mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) system has long been hypothesized to play a role in the pathophysiology of anhedonic symptoms, but empirical validation of this hypothesis has remained elusive. In this dissertation, I suggest that the lack of a clear demonstration of DA dysfunction in anhedonic depression may result from the reliance on measures of anhedonia that primarily emphasize the subjective experience of pleasure, while preclinical data strongly implicate DA in primarily motivational aspects of reward processing. To address this issue, I introduce a novel behavioral measure that may be used to address motivational deficits in patient populations experiencing anhedonia. Dubbed the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT or “effort”), this measure was adapted from preclinical effort-based decision-making paradigms that have been successfully used to demonstrate the role of DA function in determining an organism’s willingness to expend physical effort in pursuit of a given reward. Over three empirical studies, I demonstrate that the EEfRT is sensitive to individual differences in reward motivation, which are in turn linked to anhedonic traits, human DA function and clinical depression. The results of these studies offer novel insights into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying motivational aspects of anhedonic symptoms, with important implications for future treatment and prevention.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sohee Park (committee member), Steven D. Hollon (committee member), David H. Zald (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: Anhedonia; Effort-based Decision-Making; Dopamine; Depression
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Treadway, M. T. (2012). Parsing anhedonia: effort-based decision-making as a translational model of motivational deficits in Major Depressive Disorder. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12535
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Treadway, Michael Tilghman. “Parsing anhedonia: effort-based decision-making as a translational model of motivational deficits in Major Depressive Disorder.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12535.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Treadway, Michael Tilghman. “Parsing anhedonia: effort-based decision-making as a translational model of motivational deficits in Major Depressive Disorder.” 2012. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Treadway MT. Parsing anhedonia: effort-based decision-making as a translational model of motivational deficits in Major Depressive Disorder. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12535.
Council of Science Editors:
Treadway MT. Parsing anhedonia: effort-based decision-making as a translational model of motivational deficits in Major Depressive Disorder. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12535
Vanderbilt University
16.
Kreiselmaier, Andrew Kent.
An Evolutionary and Developmental Science Framework for Integrating Attachment, Mentalization, and Mindfulness: Implications for Religious Practice and Moral Development.
Degree: PhD, Religion, 2017, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11537
► This dissertation presents evolutionary and developmental science models that integrate attachment theory and mentalization theory with mindfulness meditation. Attachment researchers study the quality of the…
(more)
▼ This dissertation presents evolutionary and developmental science models that integrate attachment theory and mentalization theory with mindfulness meditation. Attachment researchers study the quality of the evolved bond between infants and caregivers and its effects on childhood and adult functioning. Mentalization theorists examine the development of the human capacity to understand the behavior of self and others in terms of underlying mental states. Mindfulness therapists emphasize dis-identifying with painful thoughts by attending to and accepting our present, unfolding experience.
Attachment- and mentalization-based therapies are relational, developmental, conscious- and unconscious-oriented, reflective, and past/present/future-oriented. Mindfulness therapies are intrapersonal, non-developmental, non-reflective, bodily- and mentally-focused, and present-oriented. Research suggests both approaches can treat the same affective and anxiety disorders. Both also cause changes in the brain, often in different neural networks. How might we explain this?
I answer by appealing to evolution and human development. We see disparities in the research literatures because psychotherapy and meditation invoke different mechanisms in the brain, which have evolved in different periods of mammalian and human history.
This dissertation has three central premises. First, attachment, mentalization, and mindfulness can be integrated in evolutionary and developmental models of human functioning. Attachment came first (200 million years ago); mentalization came second (200,000 years ago); and mindfulness came third (2,500 years ago). The neural mechanisms and psychological capacities underlying mentalization and mindfulness are shaped by early attachment bonds. Deficits in these capacities can account for problems encountered in meditation. Second, Buddhism, like all religions, builds upon attachment-related processes. Buddhist philosophies, rituals, and practices are suffused with attachment themes. Third, early attachment bonds shape moral sensibilities and empathy. Buddhist ethical and meditative practices have an important role to play in our globalized, interdependent world in helping us to extend empathy to others.
Advisors/Committee Members: Keith G. Meador (committee member), Jacobus J. Hamman (committee member), Sohee Park (committee member), Volney P. Gay (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: attachment; mentalization; mindfulness; Buddhism; Buddhist ethics; meditation; meditative practices; metacognitive awareness; psychodynamic psychotherapy; psychotherapy and meditation; psychoanalysis and Buddhism; attachment and religion; psychology of religion; religion and psychological studies; evolutionary neuroscience; developmental science; developmental neuroscience; extended evolutionary synthesis; extended evolutionary psychology; developmental psychopathology; Axial Age; cultural evolution; cosmopolitanism; global civil religion; global civil society; triune brain; triune ethics; moral psychology; moral development; collective intentionality; shared intentionality; Fonagy; Bowlby; Schore; MacLean; Narvaez; Tomasello; Bellah; Nussbaum
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kreiselmaier, A. K. (2017). An Evolutionary and Developmental Science Framework for Integrating Attachment, Mentalization, and Mindfulness: Implications for Religious Practice and Moral Development. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11537
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kreiselmaier, Andrew Kent. “An Evolutionary and Developmental Science Framework for Integrating Attachment, Mentalization, and Mindfulness: Implications for Religious Practice and Moral Development.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11537.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kreiselmaier, Andrew Kent. “An Evolutionary and Developmental Science Framework for Integrating Attachment, Mentalization, and Mindfulness: Implications for Religious Practice and Moral Development.” 2017. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kreiselmaier AK. An Evolutionary and Developmental Science Framework for Integrating Attachment, Mentalization, and Mindfulness: Implications for Religious Practice and Moral Development. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11537.
Council of Science Editors:
Kreiselmaier AK. An Evolutionary and Developmental Science Framework for Integrating Attachment, Mentalization, and Mindfulness: Implications for Religious Practice and Moral Development. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11537
Vanderbilt University
17.
Reinhart, Robert M. G.
Impaired Attention in Schizophrenia: Insights from Electrophysiology and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2016, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11244
► Since the time of Kraepelin (1896) and Bleuler (1911) nearly every description of schizophrenia cognitive dysfunction highlights impairments in attention, yet the locus of this…
(more)
▼ Since the time of Kraepelin (1896) and Bleuler (1911) nearly every description of schizophrenia cognitive dysfunction highlights impairments in attention, yet the locus of this deficit is not well understood. One model proposes that the locus of schizophrenia attentional dysfunction is due to an abnormality in the memory representations that we activate to control our attention (i.e., selection guidance). Another model proposes that the neural mechanism important for shifting perceptual attention itself is damaged (i.e., input selection). Here, I use visual search tasks, electrophysiological methods, and noninvasive brain stimulation to develop an approach for understanding the processes underlying attention in healthy individuals. Next, I identify a set of neural and behavioral abnormalities related to impaired attention in patients with schizophrenia. Last, I use the noninvasive brain stimulation protocol I developed in healthy individuals to determine whether it is possible to improve attention in patients with schizophrenia. The results demonstrate that 20 minutes of noninvasive stimulation can enhance the transmission of information between memory systems leading to the temporary normalization of attention in schizophrenia. The results support theories of schizophrenia that cast the cognitive impairment as a selection-guidance abnormality, and suggest a new avenue for the development of intervention therapies in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jeffrey D. Schall (committee member), Sohee Park (committee member), Scott Wylie (committee member), Geoffrey F. Woodman (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: medial-frontal cortex; transcranial direct-current stimulation; executive control; visual attention; schizophrenia
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Reinhart, R. M. G. (2016). Impaired Attention in Schizophrenia: Insights from Electrophysiology and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11244
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Reinhart, Robert M G. “Impaired Attention in Schizophrenia: Insights from Electrophysiology and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11244.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Reinhart, Robert M G. “Impaired Attention in Schizophrenia: Insights from Electrophysiology and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation.” 2016. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Reinhart RMG. Impaired Attention in Schizophrenia: Insights from Electrophysiology and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11244.
Council of Science Editors:
Reinhart RMG. Impaired Attention in Schizophrenia: Insights from Electrophysiology and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11244
Vanderbilt University
18.
Andreotti, Charissa Filker.
Effects of Acute and Chronic Stress on Attention and Psychobiological Stress Reactivity in Women.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2012, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12468
► The current study investigated the role of chronic stress in alterations in automatic attentional and stress reactivity processes that may affect vulnerability to mental and…
(more)
▼ The current study investigated the role of chronic stress in alterations in automatic attentional and stress reactivity processes that may affect vulnerability to mental and physical illness in women. Participants were randomized in a crossover design to complete both a mild laboratory social stress task and a computerized task assessing attentional bias to socially threatening words. A neuroendocrine marker of HPA activation (salivary cortisol) was measured continuously throughout the study.
Results suggest attention as a gateway process integral in the perception and interpretation of environmental cues as stressful, subsequently influencing emotional and behavioral responses. While previous work has supported a role for chronic stress exposure in influencing acute biological stress reactivity, this work provides initial insight into how both prior chronic stress and current acute stress both concurrently influence the attentional gateway. Further, these attentional control processes are related to both cognitive and physiological stress reactivity systems shown to contribute to mental and physical health.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sohee Park (committee member), David Cole (committee member), Michael DeBaun (committee member), Bunmi Olatunji (committee member), Bruce Compas (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: coping; cognitive control; cortisol; attentional bias; stress; emotion regulation; depression; anxiety
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Andreotti, C. F. (2012). Effects of Acute and Chronic Stress on Attention and Psychobiological Stress Reactivity in Women. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12468
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Andreotti, Charissa Filker. “Effects of Acute and Chronic Stress on Attention and Psychobiological Stress Reactivity in Women.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12468.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Andreotti, Charissa Filker. “Effects of Acute and Chronic Stress on Attention and Psychobiological Stress Reactivity in Women.” 2012. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Andreotti CF. Effects of Acute and Chronic Stress on Attention and Psychobiological Stress Reactivity in Women. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12468.
Council of Science Editors:
Andreotti CF. Effects of Acute and Chronic Stress on Attention and Psychobiological Stress Reactivity in Women. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12468
Vanderbilt University
19.
Reising, Michelle Marshall.
The Effects of Chronic Stress on Executive Function, Coping, and Prefrontal Function in Children of Depressed Parents.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2013, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12632
► Children exposed to chronic stress, including the stress associated with parental depression, have been found to have impairment in their ability to coping with such…
(more)
▼ Children exposed to chronic stress, including the stress associated with parental depression, have been found to have impairment in their ability to coping with such stress. Chronic stress leads to damage to the prefrontal regions of the brain responsible for higher order executive functions, foundational to the implementation of adaptive coping strategies. The current research examined these previously separate lines of research through two studies.
Study I examined the effects of chronic stress on executive function, processing speed, secondary control coping, and symptoms of psychopathology in 65 children of mothers with (n=35) and without (n= 30) a history of depression. Study II examined the potential neural underpinnings of these processes through examining activation in the prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex in response to a working memory task in a sub-sample of 16 children (8 children of depressed mothers, 8 children of non-depressed mothers) from Study I.
Consistent with previous research, Study I demonstrated that chronic stress exposure was related to less use of adaptive coping and greater symptoms of psychopathology and coping was a significant predictor of symptoms of psychopathology across the two groups.
Study II demonstrated that the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (DACC) were activated in response to a working memory task across the two groups. Despite similar performance across the two groups, children of depressed mothers demonstrated less activation in the anterior prefrontal cortex and in one cluster within the DACC but greater activation in another cluster within the DACC. Activation within these brain regions was related to greater stress exposure and less use of adaptive coping across the two groups, suggesting a model of compensatory activation. Analyses further revealed that activation in the DLPFC, DACC, and anterior prefrontal cortex accounted for the association between chronic stress exposure and less use of adaptive coping. The findings from these studies provide further evidence that chronic stress exposure impedes adaptive coping through injury to the regions responsible for higher order cognition, including coping.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dr. David Cole (committee member), Dr. Adam Anderson (committee member), Dr. Sohee Park (committee member), Dr. Bruce Compas (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: coping; executive function; prefrontal cortex; anterior cingulate cortex; chronic stress
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Reising, M. M. (2013). The Effects of Chronic Stress on Executive Function, Coping, and Prefrontal Function in Children of Depressed Parents. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12632
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Reising, Michelle Marshall. “The Effects of Chronic Stress on Executive Function, Coping, and Prefrontal Function in Children of Depressed Parents.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12632.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Reising, Michelle Marshall. “The Effects of Chronic Stress on Executive Function, Coping, and Prefrontal Function in Children of Depressed Parents.” 2013. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Reising MM. The Effects of Chronic Stress on Executive Function, Coping, and Prefrontal Function in Children of Depressed Parents. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12632.
Council of Science Editors:
Reising MM. The Effects of Chronic Stress on Executive Function, Coping, and Prefrontal Function in Children of Depressed Parents. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12632
Vanderbilt University
20.
Aaron, Rachel Vickery.
Demystifying alexithymia: An empirical approach and roadmap for remediation.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2016, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12523
► Alexithymia is a problematic psychological characteristic that limits one’s ability to identify and describe internal emotional states. Heightened levels of alexithymia are ubiquitous among many…
(more)
▼ Alexithymia is a problematic psychological characteristic that limits one’s ability to identify and describe internal emotional states. Heightened levels of alexithymia are ubiquitous among many mental and physical health disorders, and yet, much is unknown about how it alters emotional processing and how to improve it. Experiment one presents a novel, laboratory-based paradigm that facilitates collection of a wide range of emotional processes, including subjective and implicit measures of emotion, as well as aspects of emotional complexity. Results highlight reduced subjective arousal, increased response time to questions about emotional experiences, and reduced emotional dialecticism and granularity as the most important predictors of alexithymia, each of which differentially predicts components of alexithymia.
Experiment two considers the role of interoceptive awareness for predicting alexithymia and performance on the tasks developed in experiment one. Interoceptive awareness refers to awareness of internal bodily states; though interoception is critical to the generation of subjective feelings states and many suspect it is involved in alexithymia, little is known about the relationship between the two. The present results suggest interoception plays a critical role in all components of alexithymia, supporting theories it is key to alexithymia. Interestingly, two subtypes of heightened alexithymia emerged from this work: one characterized by low interoceptive awareness and another characterized by high. Both likely interfere with daily function via different pathways.
Experiment two also examines whether atypical aspects of emotional processing identified in experiment one improve in response to brief a mindfulness meditation or relaxation script. Results suggest that simple interventions may be successful in improving certain deficits associated with alexithymia, including interoceptive accuracy, normative labeling of emotional experiences, negative dialecticism and positive granularity, particularly among individuals with low interoceptive awareness at baseline. Findings have implications for treatment design and clarifying diagnostic patterns within alexithymia. These are discussed and many avenues for future research proposed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Steven Hollon (committee member), Craig Smith (committee member), Jo-Anne Bachorowski (committee member), Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: interoception; alexithymia; emotion granularity; mindfulness meditation
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Aaron, R. V. (2016). Demystifying alexithymia: An empirical approach and roadmap for remediation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12523
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Aaron, Rachel Vickery. “Demystifying alexithymia: An empirical approach and roadmap for remediation.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12523.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Aaron, Rachel Vickery. “Demystifying alexithymia: An empirical approach and roadmap for remediation.” 2016. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Aaron RV. Demystifying alexithymia: An empirical approach and roadmap for remediation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12523.
Council of Science Editors:
Aaron RV. Demystifying alexithymia: An empirical approach and roadmap for remediation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12523
Vanderbilt University
21.
Heritage, Allan James.
Interactive Cognitive-Affective Deficits: A Theory of the Psychopathic Personality.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2017, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12390
► Psychopathy is a pervasive and persistent personality disorder comprised of combination of a broad range of personality traits. These traits include low fear, diminished empathy,…
(more)
▼ Psychopathy is a pervasive and persistent personality disorder comprised of combination of a broad range of personality traits. These traits include low fear, diminished empathy, and a propensity to be manipulative, mixed with impulsivity, aggression, and reward seeking. These traits are associated with increased rates of substance abuse, interpersonal violence, and criminal behavior, all of which result in significant costs to society. Until very recently it has been hypothesized that the psychopathic personality is the result of either an underlying cognitive or affective deficit. The affective hypotheses have proposed an inability to experience fear, and by extension to learn from punishment, and to recognize fear in others, as the primary underlying deficit. The cognitive hypotheses have proposed impaired shifting attention from goal relevant or rewarding stimuli to contextual cues as the primary underlying deficit. More recently the Impaired Integration (II) hypothesis attempted to account for both cognitive and affective deficits in psychopathy and proposed deficient or altered connections between brain areas, leading to impaired integration of affective and perceptual information as the primary underlying deficit. However, the II hypothesis is still one primarily based in attentional differences and does not provide an adequate explanation for the unique behavioral and psychophysiological correlates associated with different psychopathy factors. Therefore, I put forth here an interactive theory of psychopathy that proposes a bi-directional interactive relationship between cognitive and affective deficits in psychopathy and accounts for differences between psychopathy factors by allowing for specific unitary deficits to be related to each factor. The two studies that make up this dissertation are first attempts to test this theory and demonstrate the bi-directional nature of these cognitive-affective interactions, as well as the differences in their expression between factors. Study One tested this theory by investigating the effect of potential rewards on attention and working memory as a function of psychopathic traits. Study Two investigated the influence of processing emotional faces on attention and working memory as a function of psychopathic traits. Both studies took advantage of the temporal resolution provided by event-related potentials (ERPS) to measure cognitive and affective processes during task performance. Overall, the evidence provided by these two studies provides initial support for the cognitive-affective interaction hypothesis of psychopathy. This evidence suggests specific relationships between cognitive processes and the impulsive antisocial factors of psychopathy, and between affective processes and the more interpersonal affective factors of psychopathy. Factors that measure callousness and lack of empathy were related to both cognitive and affective processes. These results also suggest broader interactions with both positive and negative affect, and not interactions that are fear…
Advisors/Committee Members: David H. Zald (committee member), Sohee Park (committee member), Owen D. Jones (committee member), Geoffrey F. Woodman (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: Emotion; Psychopathy; ERP; Attention
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Heritage, A. J. (2017). Interactive Cognitive-Affective Deficits: A Theory of the Psychopathic Personality. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12390
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Heritage, Allan James. “Interactive Cognitive-Affective Deficits: A Theory of the Psychopathic Personality.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12390.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Heritage, Allan James. “Interactive Cognitive-Affective Deficits: A Theory of the Psychopathic Personality.” 2017. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Heritage AJ. Interactive Cognitive-Affective Deficits: A Theory of the Psychopathic Personality. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12390.
Council of Science Editors:
Heritage AJ. Interactive Cognitive-Affective Deficits: A Theory of the Psychopathic Personality. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12390
Vanderbilt University
22.
Robinson, Kristen Elizabeth.
Neuroimaging Study of the Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Functioning of Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumors.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2012, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12739
► Pediatric brain tumors are the second most common cancer diagnosis in individuals under the age of 20 (Mulhern & Butler, 2004). Modifications in treatment protocols…
(more)
▼ Pediatric brain tumors are the second most common cancer diagnosis in individuals under the age of 20 (Mulhern & Butler, 2004). Modifications in treatment protocols have resulted in an increase in the overall survival rate to approximately 72.5% (CBTRUS, 2011); however, research has documented significant late effects in the areas of neurocognitive functioning, psychosocial functioning, and emotional functioning. The associations among deficits in these areas have yet to be adequately considered, and the role of survivors’ coping responses in the manifestation of these deficits is unknown. Further, research has yet to examine the neurobiological underpinnings of neurocognitive, psychosocial and emotional difficulties in survivors of pediatric brain tumors through the use of neuroimaging techniques.
These two studies use neurocognitive assessment, questionnaire measures, and functional neuroimaging techniques to examine the neurocognitive, psychosocial, and emotional functioning, and coping responses, of survivors of pediatric brain tumors (age 8 to 16 years). Analyses included between-group comparisons of brain tumor survivors (n = 7) relative to healthy controls (n = 7), and within group examination of the associations among these areas of deficit in a sample of 17 brain tumor survivors. Between-group analyses suggest differences in neurocognitive functioning, identifiable through both assessment and working memory task completion during functional neuroimaging, as well as differences in patterns of brain activation between brain tumor survivors and controls. Within-group analyses suggest that survivors experience neurocognitive, psychosocial, and emotional difficulties, and that increases in brain activation in prefrontal, anterior cingulate, and parietal regions are associated with better psychosocial and emotional functioning, and use of engagement coping responses.
These studies replicate prior research documenting late effects in survivors of pediatric brain tumors, and extend this area of research by examining underlying neurobiological processes. These findings contribute to our understanding of these difficulties in survivors, and provide a foundation for research exploring these associations and mediators of the emergence of deficits, with the end goal of improving the post-treatment experience for survivors.
Advisors/Committee Members: Matthew Pearson, MD (committee member), Sohee Park, PhD (committee member), Adam Anderson, PhD (committee member), Frances Niarhos, PhD (committee member), Bruce Compas, PhD (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: fMRI; brain tumor; neurocognitive; late effects; child
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Robinson, K. E. (2012). Neuroimaging Study of the Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Functioning of Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumors. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12739
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Robinson, Kristen Elizabeth. “Neuroimaging Study of the Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Functioning of Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumors.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12739.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Robinson, Kristen Elizabeth. “Neuroimaging Study of the Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Functioning of Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumors.” 2012. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Robinson KE. Neuroimaging Study of the Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Functioning of Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumors. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12739.
Council of Science Editors:
Robinson KE. Neuroimaging Study of the Neurocognitive and Psychosocial Functioning of Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumors. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12739
Vanderbilt University
23.
Adery, Laura Louise.
Better Together: Effects and Treatments of Loneliness and Social Isolation Across the Schizophrenia Spectrum.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2019, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12266
► Individuals with schizophrenia (ISZ) are among the most socially isolated and stigmatized individuals in our society. Mounting evidence suggests powerful detrimental effects of loneliness as…
(more)
▼ Individuals with schizophrenia (ISZ) are among the most socially isolated and stigmatized individuals in our society. Mounting evidence suggests powerful detrimental effects of loneliness as a result of dissonance between desired and present social interaction across virtually all populations. While it has previously been hypothesized that due to negative symptoms such as social anhedonia, ISZ do not experience loneliness, research confirms that ISZ are extremely affected by loneliness and rank it as a top difficulty. It has also been suggested that as in other forms of sensory deprivation, hallucinations and delusions may emerge or become exacerbated in psychosis-prone individuals when prolonged social isolation triggers over-activation of the social brain network, thus fabricating spurious social meaning.
The effects of isolation and loneliness on the perception of social stimuli were systematically tested with computerized human detection tasks across three demographic groups including ISZ. Results indicate that social exclusion significantly augments participant’s BM perception, and that symptom levels are associated with poorer extraction of social information. We next sought to test plausible remediation of loneliness through an exposure based social interaction group using the unique social bonding principles of singing, and a social skill-building computerized intervention. The results demonstrate that group singing is beneficial for reducing loneliness and increasing self-perceived well-being, while social skills training is beneficial for increasing emotion recognition and confidence in social abilities. Together, these two novel and low-burden interventions may serve as a powerful multi-arm intervention strategy for eradicating isolation and loneliness in vulnerable populations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dr. Bruce Compas, Ph.D. (committee member), Dr. Megan Saylor, Ph.D. (committee member), Dr. Andrew Tomarken, Ph.D. (committee member), Dr. Sohee Park, Ph.D. (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: psychosis; loneliness; social isolation; schizophrenia; music intervention; social training
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Adery, L. L. (2019). Better Together: Effects and Treatments of Loneliness and Social Isolation Across the Schizophrenia Spectrum. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12266
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Adery, Laura Louise. “Better Together: Effects and Treatments of Loneliness and Social Isolation Across the Schizophrenia Spectrum.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12266.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Adery, Laura Louise. “Better Together: Effects and Treatments of Loneliness and Social Isolation Across the Schizophrenia Spectrum.” 2019. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Adery LL. Better Together: Effects and Treatments of Loneliness and Social Isolation Across the Schizophrenia Spectrum. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12266.
Council of Science Editors:
Adery LL. Better Together: Effects and Treatments of Loneliness and Social Isolation Across the Schizophrenia Spectrum. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/12266
Vanderbilt University
24.
Yarboi, Janet M.
The Role of Parent Stress and Parenting Behaviors in Cognitive Function in Children with Sickle Cell Disease.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2018, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13989
► Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic, life-threatening condition that affects more than one every 400 African American newborns. In addition to being at greater…
(more)
▼ Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a chronic, life-threatening condition that affects more than one every 400 African American newborns. In addition to being at greater risk for cognitive impairment, children with SCD are also more likely to come from families and households facing considerable sociodemographic disadvantage. However, limited research has explored the role of parent characteristics in understanding the underlying cause of cognitive difficulties in this population. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between sociodemographic status, disease severity and caregivers’ perceived stress and parenting behaviors and determine if and how these factors account for differences in cognitive functioning in children with SCD. Forty-eight children completed cognitive assessments and caregivers provided self-reports of general and disease-related stress. Parent-child dyads completed a brief puzzle task and observed parenting was quantified using two rigorous coding systems. Results showed that lower levels of parent stress were related to some indicators of responsive parenting and provided partial support for the relationship between responsive parenting and cognitive function. A series of linear regression analyses showed that disease-related parent stress and parental use of expansive language significantly predicted cognitive ability in children with SCD. Implications of these findings and future directions are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Megan Saylor, Ph.D. (committee member), Sohee Park, Ph.D. (committee member), Sarah Jaser, Ph.D. (committee member), Michael DeBaun, M.D., M.P.H. (committee member), Bruce Compas, Ph.D. (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: responsive parenting; social-environmental stress; parent-child interactions; chronic illness; pediatric psychology
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Yarboi, J. M. (2018). The Role of Parent Stress and Parenting Behaviors in Cognitive Function in Children with Sickle Cell Disease. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13989
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yarboi, Janet M. “The Role of Parent Stress and Parenting Behaviors in Cognitive Function in Children with Sickle Cell Disease.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13989.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yarboi, Janet M. “The Role of Parent Stress and Parenting Behaviors in Cognitive Function in Children with Sickle Cell Disease.” 2018. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Yarboi JM. The Role of Parent Stress and Parenting Behaviors in Cognitive Function in Children with Sickle Cell Disease. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13989.
Council of Science Editors:
Yarboi JM. The Role of Parent Stress and Parenting Behaviors in Cognitive Function in Children with Sickle Cell Disease. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13989
Vanderbilt University
25.
Kreiselmaier, Laura Rosser.
Transliminality and Transcendence: An Exploration of the Connections among Creativity, Mystical Experience, and Psycho"pathology".
Degree: PhD, Religion, 2016, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11164
► People who are highly creative seem to have an increased propensity for mystical experience, on the one hand, and psychological suffering, on the other. Michael…
(more)
▼ People who are highly creative seem to have an increased propensity for mystical experience, on the one hand, and psychological suffering, on the other. Michael A. Thalbourne and colleagues’ concept of “transliminality”—the hypothesized tendency of psychological material to cross thresholds into and out of consciousness—helps corroborate and explain this observation. In this dissertation I propose a bio-psycho-socio-spiritual model for understanding the types of phenomena that people with large amounts of transliminality often encounter and for informing a holistic, empathic, effective clinical and pastoral response.
First, I review evidence that transliminality is a valid construct, and I offer a model for how high amounts of this trait interact with contextual factors to result in individuals with a wider-than-usual range of flourishing versus decompensation. Next, using the 16th-century mystic St. Teresa of Ávila, 20th-century depth psychologist C. G. Jung, and contemporary musician Alanis Morissette as case studies, I examine how each embodies creativity, transcendent experience, and possible psychopathology; demonstrates a high degree of transliminality; and finds ways to move through psychospiritual suffering into ultimate flourishing and generativity. I then explore the psychological and theological ramifications of transliminal, transcendent moments by correlating the writings of practical theologian James E. Loder and cognitive psychologist Harry T. Hunt on the nature and potential purpose of these experiences (and, by implication, the type of personality that increases one’s tendency to have them). Finally, after integrating “transliminality theory” with insights from Loder, Hunt, Teresa, Jung, and Morissette, I translate this research into practical recommendations for how pastoral caregivers and psychotherapists can help highly transliminal people ameliorate suffering and actualize their considerable gifts.
Advisors/Committee Members: Prof. Bonnie J. Miller-McLemore (committee member), Prof. John S. McClure (committee member), Prof. Sohee Park (Committee Chair), Prof. Volney P. Gay (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: personality; neurocognitive; psychosis-proneness; interdisciplinary; case studies; temperament; outcome; sensitivity; sensation-seeking; Highly Sensitive Persons; HSP; Elaine Aron; integrative; noesis; phronesis; practices; suggestibility; altered states; proprioception
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kreiselmaier, L. R. (2016). Transliminality and Transcendence: An Exploration of the Connections among Creativity, Mystical Experience, and Psycho"pathology". (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11164
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kreiselmaier, Laura Rosser. “Transliminality and Transcendence: An Exploration of the Connections among Creativity, Mystical Experience, and Psycho"pathology".” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11164.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kreiselmaier, Laura Rosser. “Transliminality and Transcendence: An Exploration of the Connections among Creativity, Mystical Experience, and Psycho"pathology".” 2016. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kreiselmaier LR. Transliminality and Transcendence: An Exploration of the Connections among Creativity, Mystical Experience, and Psycho"pathology". [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11164.
Council of Science Editors:
Kreiselmaier LR. Transliminality and Transcendence: An Exploration of the Connections among Creativity, Mystical Experience, and Psycho"pathology". [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11164
Vanderbilt University
26.
Andreotti, Charissa Filker.
Emotion Regulation, Coping, and Executive Functioning in Risk for Depression: An Integrative Approach.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2010, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11584
► The current study analyzes the relationship between executive functioning, emotion regulation, and patterns of coping strategies in older adolescents and young adults. Results from this…
(more)
▼ The current study analyzes the relationship between executive functioning, emotion regulation, and patterns of coping strategies in older adolescents and young adults. Results from this study indicate that although there is an association between cognitive reappraisal and secondary control coping, secondary control coping is more strongly related to depressive symptoms. The relationship between coping and working memory also suggests that the assessment of coping may offer a more comprehensive representation of the processes underlying the risk for depression. These findings suggest that the assessment of secondary control coping may provide a more sensitive index of the role of working memory in relation to depressive symptoms and may be superior for the assessment of potential mediators of cognitive behavioral interventions for depression.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sohee Park (committee member), Bruce Compas (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: Depression; Executive Function; Coping; Emotion Regulation
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Andreotti, C. F. (2010). Emotion Regulation, Coping, and Executive Functioning in Risk for Depression: An Integrative Approach. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11584
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Andreotti, Charissa Filker. “Emotion Regulation, Coping, and Executive Functioning in Risk for Depression: An Integrative Approach.” 2010. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11584.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Andreotti, Charissa Filker. “Emotion Regulation, Coping, and Executive Functioning in Risk for Depression: An Integrative Approach.” 2010. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Andreotti CF. Emotion Regulation, Coping, and Executive Functioning in Risk for Depression: An Integrative Approach. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11584.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Andreotti CF. Emotion Regulation, Coping, and Executive Functioning in Risk for Depression: An Integrative Approach. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/11584
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
27.
Doop, Mikisha Lyn.
Facial emotion and orientation-matching in schizophrenia patients and normal controls.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2008, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13932
► Schizophrenia (SZ) patients exhibit deficits in recognition and identification of facial emotional expressions but it is unclear whether these deficits result from abnormal affective processing…
(more)
▼ Schizophrenia (SZ) patients exhibit deficits in recognition and identification of facial emotional expressions but it is unclear whether these deficits result from abnormal affective processing or an impaired ability to process complex visual stimuli such as faces. SZ and matched healthy controls (CO) participated in two computerized visual matching tasks (facial emotional expression and orientation). Accuracy and reaction time were recorded. Clinical symptoms were also assessed in the patients. SZ were less accurate on both facial emotion and orientation matching tasks compared with CO but there was no diagnosis-by-task interaction. Clinical symptoms of SZ were associated with deficits on the matching tasks and social functioning was correlated with emotion matching errors across both groups. SZ have general deficits in processing of faces, which is in turn associated with worse symptoms and reduced social functioning.
Advisors/Committee Members: David Zald, PhD (committee member), Sohee Park, PhD (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: Schizophrenia – Social aspects; Emotion Perception; Face Processing; Face perception; Emotions and cognition
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Doop, M. L. (2008). Facial emotion and orientation-matching in schizophrenia patients and normal controls. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13932
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Doop, Mikisha Lyn. “Facial emotion and orientation-matching in schizophrenia patients and normal controls.” 2008. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13932.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Doop, Mikisha Lyn. “Facial emotion and orientation-matching in schizophrenia patients and normal controls.” 2008. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Doop ML. Facial emotion and orientation-matching in schizophrenia patients and normal controls. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13932.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Doop ML. Facial emotion and orientation-matching in schizophrenia patients and normal controls. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13932
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
28.
Essex, Brian George.
A Near Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Counterfactual Thinking.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2007, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13600
► This thesis describes a study on counterfactual thinking, which refers to the ability to imagine scenarios that are contrary to fact. I investigated the neural…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes a study on counterfactual thinking, which refers to the ability to imagine scenarios that are contrary to fact. I investigated the neural correlates of realistic and unrealistic past counterfactual thoughts in bilateral regions of the frontal cortex with Near Infrared Spectroscopy. It was found that individuals take longer to make decisions about unrealistic counterfactual thoughts than realistic counterfactual thoughts and unrealistic causal thoughts. There were no differences in levels of most extreme percent change in hemoglobin for counterfactual and causal thoughts. Unrealistic thoughts corresponded to higher percent change maximums of oxygenated hemoglobin than realistic thoughts in the left hemisphere, but lower percent change maximums of oxygenated hemoglobin in the right hemisphere. Neural activity unique to counterfactual thinking does not appear to lie in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. However, the frontal cortex appears to play a role in differentiating realistic and unrealistic thinking.
Advisors/Committee Members: David H. Zald (committee member), Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: Brain – Imaging; prefrontal cortex; counterfactual thinking; mental simulation; nirs; Near infrared spectroscopy
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Essex, B. G. (2007). A Near Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Counterfactual Thinking. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13600
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Essex, Brian George. “A Near Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Counterfactual Thinking.” 2007. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13600.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Essex, Brian George. “A Near Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Counterfactual Thinking.” 2007. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Essex BG. A Near Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Counterfactual Thinking. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13600.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Essex BG. A Near Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Counterfactual Thinking. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13600
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
29.
Thakkar, Katharine Natasha.
Response inhibition and monitoring in schizophrenia: evidence from countermanding saccades.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2008, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13103
► The goal of this work was to investigate response inhibition and response monitoring in patients with schizophrenia using a saccade stop signal task, which assesses…
(more)
▼ The goal of this work was to investigate response inhibition and response monitoring in patients with schizophrenia using a saccade stop signal task, which assesses the ability to stop a planned action. Medicated patients and controls performed the task during eye tracking. On no-stop signal (NSS) trials, a peripheral target appeared, and subjects were instructed to look towards it. On stop signal (SS) trials, the fixation point was re-illuminated after a variable delay (stop signal delay; SSD) following target onset, and subjects were instructed to withhold the saccade. Successfully or unsuccessfully inhibited trials were labeled cancelled and noncancelled, respectively. The probability of failing to cancel at each SSD describes the inhibition function. A flatter slope reflects impaired control over the inhibitory process. The duration of the inhibitory process (stop signal reaction time; SSRT) was determined according to a race model. Response monitoring was indexed by the magnitude and direction of RT adjustments as a function of performance in the prior trial.
SSRT did not differ across groups, but the slope of the inhibition function tended to be reduced in patients. Patients evidenced increased RT adjustments based on trial history, and increased positive symptoms were associated with decreased slowing following an error. The data suggest that response inhibition impairments in schizophrenia may be due to a failure to trigger the inhibitory response, rather than an increase in the time needed to inhibit. This deficit exists despite greater RT adjustments, which were associated with decreased symptom severity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Andrew Tomarken (committee member), Jeffrey Schall (Committee Chair), Sohee Park (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: stop signal; response inhibition; response monitoring; saccades; schizophrenia; Schizophrenics – Testing; Inhibition – Testing; Saccadic eye movements; Reaction time – Testing
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Thakkar, K. N. (2008). Response inhibition and monitoring in schizophrenia: evidence from countermanding saccades. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13103
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Thakkar, Katharine Natasha. “Response inhibition and monitoring in schizophrenia: evidence from countermanding saccades.” 2008. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13103.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Thakkar, Katharine Natasha. “Response inhibition and monitoring in schizophrenia: evidence from countermanding saccades.” 2008. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Thakkar KN. Response inhibition and monitoring in schizophrenia: evidence from countermanding saccades. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13103.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Thakkar KN. Response inhibition and monitoring in schizophrenia: evidence from countermanding saccades. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13103
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
30.
Woodward, Neil David.
A meta-analysis of neuropsychological change to clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in schizophrenia.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2003, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/15086
► Cognitive impairment represents a core feature of schizophrenia and a major impediment to social and vocational rehabilitation. First generation antipsychotic (FGA) medications do not elicit…
(more)
▼ Cognitive impairment represents a core feature of schizophrenia and a major impediment to social and vocational rehabilitation. First generation antipsychotic (FGA) medications do not elicit robust cognitive changes, but over the past 15 years a number of studies have claimed benefits from various Second Generation Antipsychotics (SGAs). This contention was evaluated in two meta-analyses of the cognitive changes elicited by the SGA treatments clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone. The first meta-analysis of twelve double blind, random assignment studies indicated that SGA treatments improved cognitive performance on tests of learning, processing speed, verbal fluency, and delayed recall to a greater extent than FGAs. The postulated cognitive benefits from SGAs, and a preliminary analysis of differential effects within the SGA class, were then assessed in a larger meta-analysis of forty-one studies that used experimental designs without random assignment to double-blind treatment, or did not include an FGA comparator. The second analysis confirmed the improvements observed in double blind, random assignment studies and further identified benefits in vigilance, working memory, cognitive flexibility and abstraction, visuospatial skills, and motor skills. Differences between SGAs were noted within the Vigilance and Verbal Fluency domains. After a consideration of the improvements expected from practice effects, significant improvements on tests of working memory, verbal fluency, motor skills, and delayed recall remained. Thus, the cognitive benefits of SGAs appear valid. Nonetheless, the magnitude of improvement is generally small, less than half a standard deviation, and their relevance to functional outcome remains debatable.
Advisors/Committee Members: Herbert Y. Meltzer (committee member), Sohee Park (committee member), David H. Zald (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: schizophrenia; Second Generation Treatments; Meta-analysis; Neuropsychology
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Woodward, N. D. (2003). A meta-analysis of neuropsychological change to clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in schizophrenia. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/15086
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Woodward, Neil David. “A meta-analysis of neuropsychological change to clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in schizophrenia.” 2003. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed March 06, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/15086.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Woodward, Neil David. “A meta-analysis of neuropsychological change to clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in schizophrenia.” 2003. Web. 06 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Woodward ND. A meta-analysis of neuropsychological change to clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in schizophrenia. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2003. [cited 2021 Mar 06].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/15086.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Woodward ND. A meta-analysis of neuropsychological change to clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, and risperidone in schizophrenia. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2003. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/15086
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
◁ [1] [2] ▶
. 
Open Access Theses and Dissertations