+publisher:"University of Zululand" +contributor:("Revaprasadu, N")

University of Zululand

1. Oluwafemi, Samuel Oluwatobi. A new approach to the synthesis of selenium based nanoparticles .

Degree: 2008, University of Zululand

► We report the synthesis of high quality aqueous and organically soluble selenide nanoparticles by a novel greener, quick, facile, environmentally-benign and effective non-organometallic solution-based method.… (more)

▼ We report the synthesis of high quality aqueous and organically soluble selenide nanoparticles by a novel greener, quick, facile, environmentally-benign and effective non-organometallic solution-based method. Briefly, the method involves the reduction of selenium powder to produce selenide ions which act as the selenide source, followed by the addition of MCI2 (M = Cd or Zn) or Zn(CH3COO)2. The nanoparticles were passivated with organic surfactants such as hexadecylamine (HDA) and tri-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO), for their solubility and stability in organic solvents, while passivation with biomolecules such as L-cysteine ethyl ester hydrochloride, methionine, ascorbic acid, starch, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly (vinylpyrroiidone) (PVP), rendered them water-soluble and aJso acted as an agent of stabilisation and facilitate conjugation with biomolecules. CdSe/ZnSe nano-composite and core-shell nanoparticles were also synthesised, using this new synthetic approach. The high quality of the as-synthesised nanoparticles was confirmed using absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-ER), powder x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area dififractometry (SAD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). All measurements were performed without any post-preparative size separation of the nanoparticles. The thesis is divided into six chapters. Chapter one deals with the introduction and comprehensive review on previous works done on the synthesis of nanoparticies, VIII highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. The aim and objective of the study is also stated in this chapter. In chapter two, the systematic study of the effects of the capping group, growth time, temperature, reduction time and monomer concentration on the size, optical properties and morphology of the as-synthesized TOPO and HDA-capped CdSe nanoparticles was investigated. All the as-synthesised particles are blue-shifted in relation to the bulk band-gap of CdSe. The absorption and emission maxima are shifted to higher band-gap (lower wavelengths) as the reduction time increases from 2 to 6 hrs, indicating a decrease in particle size for the HDA-capped CdSe. The particle size ranges between, 2.3-3.2 (5-30 mins) 2.4-3.0 nm (5 -30 mins) and 2.5- 2.7 nm (15-30 mins) for the reduction time of 2,4 and 6 hrs respectively. At higher temperature (200 °C), particles with different shapes, i.e dot, rod and multi armed rods are produced. The presence of the elongated particles was attributed to the phenomenon of oriented attachment (self-assembly), due to dipole-dipole interactions between the highly charged surfaces of II-VI semiconductor nanocrystals. The synthesis of TOPO and HDA-capped ZnSe nanoparticles were investigated in chapter three. Increasing the monomer concentration and temperature, led to a faster growth rate, increase in particle sizes and narrowing of the size distribution. XRD analysis show… Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: selenide ions ; selenium powder

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APA (6^th Edition):

Oluwafemi, S. O. (2008). A new approach to the synthesis of selenium based nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/67

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Oluwafemi, Samuel Oluwatobi. “A new approach to the synthesis of selenium based nanoparticles .” 2008. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/67.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Oluwafemi, Samuel Oluwatobi. “A new approach to the synthesis of selenium based nanoparticles .” 2008. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Oluwafemi SO. A new approach to the synthesis of selenium based nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2008. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/67.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Oluwafemi SO. A new approach to the synthesis of selenium based nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/67

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

2. Chili, Muntuwenkosi M. The synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles in water-soluble polymers A .

Degree: 2010, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/607

► Nanomaterials with critical dimensions at the nanoscale currently attract considerable attention as they show distinct chemical and physical properties that are dependent on their size… (more)

▼ Nanomaterials with critical dimensions at the nanoscale currently attract considerable attention as they show distinct chemical and physical properties that are dependent on their size and shape. A number of techniques have been used to synthesize metal nanoparticles. This thesis presents modified methods for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles, CdSe and Au-CdSe hybrid nanoparticles, capped with water soluble polymers. Chapter one reviews some basic concepts of nanostructured materials. The electronic structure and properties of gold nanoparticles are discussed. The general synthetic routes of gold nanoparticles are also reviewed with special emphasis on their preparation in water soluble polymers. A few applications of nano-gold including electronics, catalysis and biomedical applications are presented. Finally the characterization techniques used in this study are discussed. Chapter two describes the synthesis of gold nanoparticles from various chemical reduction techniques. These techniques have yielded a combination of both spherical and anisotropic shaped nanoparticles. Different reducing agents, such as sodium borohydride, presence of sodium hydroxide, ascorbic acid, sodium citrate, tri-sodium citrate and hydrogen peroxide have been used in the reduction of Au3+ ions to Au0. Water soluble polymers such as poly vinylpyrrolidone (PVP), poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and organic ligands tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) and octadecylamine (ODA) were used as capping agents for the gold nanoparticles. Seed-mediated and two-phase techniques were also employed to yield anisotropic nanorods of gold. Different structure-directing agents and phase-transfer agents were used in the formation of anisotropic nanoparticles. The optical properties of the gold nanoparticles were studied by UV/Vis spectroscopy. The structure and morphology of the as prepared particles was determined using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron microscopy, respectively. In Chapter three the anisotropic gold nanoparticles synthesized by a UV-irradiation technique through the interaction of HAuCl4 and a stabilizing agent, poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) are presented. The effect of irradiation time on the size and shape of gold nanoparticles was investigated by UV-Visible spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The other effects that were varied include; capping agent, polymer concentration, precursor concentration, lamp wavelength, solvent, and lastly the presence of citric acid in other reactions. The absorption spectra of all samples show a broad band with the characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak visible at around 530 nm. The presence of an additional low intensity absorption peak at a longer wavelength suggests the presence of non-spherical nanoparticles. The TEM measurements show evidence of particle shapes such as spheres, hexagons, decahedrons and truncated triangles as the reaction time was varied. Chapter four describes the synthesis of CdSe semiconductor nanoparticles at… Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Nanomaterials ; Nanostructured materials

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chili, M. M. (2010). The synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles in water-soluble polymers A . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/607

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chili, Muntuwenkosi M. “The synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles in water-soluble polymers A .” 2010. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/607.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chili, Muntuwenkosi M. “The synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles in water-soluble polymers A .” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Chili MM. The synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles in water-soluble polymers A . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/607.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chili MM. The synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles in water-soluble polymers A . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/607

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

3. Mntungwa, Nhlakanipho. Synthesis and shape control of functionalized cadmium telluride nanoparticles .

Degree: 2010, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/634

► The synthesis of organically and water soluble cadmium telluride nanoparticles by a facile hybrid solution high temperature method is presented. This method involves the reaction… (more)

▼ The synthesis of organically and water soluble cadmium telluride nanoparticles by a facile hybrid solution high temperature method is presented. This method involves the reaction by the addition of an aqueous suspension or solution of a cadmium salt (chloride, acetate, nitrate or carbonate) to a freshly prepared NaHTe solution. The nanoparticles were prepared by passivating with organic surfactants such as hexadecylamine (HDA) and tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) for their solubility and stability in organic solvents. To stabilize and make the nanoparticles water soluble, L-cysteine ethyl ester hydrochloride and triethanolamine were used as capping agents. The absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy techniques were used to confirm the quality of the as-synthesized nanoparticles. All measurements were performed without any post preparative size separation of the nanoparticles. The dissertation comprises of four chapters. The first chapter is a brief description of the properties of nanomaterials and a literature review on some of the principal routes to synthesize nanomaterials. The mechanisms of particle growth and shape control are also discussed. Finally some key applications of CdTe are described. The second chapter deals with the synthesis of HDA and TOPO-capped CdTe nanoparticles. The reaction parameters such as reaction time, reduction time of tellurium, Cd:Te ratio, reaction temperature and cadmium source were varied to investigate their influence on the optical properties and morphology of the particles. Details of the absorption features such as excitonic peaks and band edges are presented. The emission properties are also discussed. The morphology of the particles was investigated by electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction techniques. It was found that the cadmium source (chloride, carbonate, acetate and nitrate) had a profound effect on the final morphology of the particles. A detailed mechanism for the particle growth is presented. The synthesis of cysteine and TEA-capped CdTe nanoparticles are described in Chapter three. A systematic study of the effects of the capping group, pH, reaction time and cadmium source was carried out for the water soluble CdTe nanoparticles. The absorption and emission data for the particles are discussed in detail. The electron microscopy images confirm the nanosize and crystalline nature of the particles. In addition fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to confirm the capping of the particles by cysteine and TEA. All the cadmium sources were found to be successful in producing high quality water soluble CdTe particles. The final chapter four is a summary of general conclusions of the study. Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Cadmium telluride nanoparticles ; Facile hybrid solution

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mntungwa, N. (2010). Synthesis and shape control of functionalized cadmium telluride nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/634

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mntungwa, Nhlakanipho. “Synthesis and shape control of functionalized cadmium telluride nanoparticles .” 2010. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/634.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mntungwa, Nhlakanipho. “Synthesis and shape control of functionalized cadmium telluride nanoparticles .” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Mntungwa N. Synthesis and shape control of functionalized cadmium telluride nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/634.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mntungwa N. Synthesis and shape control of functionalized cadmium telluride nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/634

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

4. Mdluli, Phumlane Selby. Synthesis and growth dynamics study of silver nanoparticles .

Degree: 2009, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/947

► The concept of shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanoparticles is investigated by considering the growth mechanism of metal nanoparticles. This thesis is divided into four chapters,… (more)

▼ The concept of shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanoparticles is investigated by considering the growth mechanism of metal nanoparticles. This thesis is divided into four chapters, chapter one presents a general introduction about various physiochemical aspects of nanornaterials. The different characteristic properties of nanomaterials, their chemically synthesized protocols, characterization techniques, and their applications are discussed in brief. Based on these reviews, the context scope and objective of the present work are outlined. Chapter two deals with the theory of kinetically growth of nanoparticles. The basic optical properties of metal nanoparticles as well as the structural evolution of nanoparticles are also mentioned in this chapter In Chapter three the synthesis of silver nanoparticles with varying morphologies using different synthetic routes are described in detail. Silver nanowires were synthesized by an aqueous route using dimethyl formamide (DMF) as the reducing agent in the presence of poly (iV-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) without the addition of seeds. The products were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This work was followed by a profound dig-out, to try and comprehend the mechanism for reduction and the kinetics of the reduction of silver nitrate to silver nanoparticles. It was established that in the alkaline medium the reduction of AgNC>3 is enhanced, which resulted to the formation of rod-like silver nanoparticles which were confirmed by TEM and UV-visible spectroscopy. Silver nanodendrites, with an elongated central backbone and distinguished branches were synthesized by die reduction of silver nitrate with formamide using polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as the surfactant. The drastic evolution of the dendritic nanostructures was due to the variation of the concentration of the reactants. At low PVP concentration isotropic silver nanoparticles are visible in the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. The morphological evolution is confirmed by the optical measurements. The growth mechanism for the nanodendrites is discussed in some detail. The use of single molecular precursors is a common route to synthesize nanostructured materials. There have been relatively few reports for the use of sophisticated precursors to synthesize metal nanoparticles at high temperatures. The N-(Diisoproppylthiophosphoryl) thiourea complexes of silver were synthesised using a previously reported literature method. The complexes were then used as single molecule precursors for the synthesis of hexadecylamine (HDA) and tri-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) capped silver nanoparticles. The absorption spectra of the HDA and TOPO-capped silver nanoparticles exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption in 400-420 nm regions. In chapter four, the morphological evolution of silver nanoparticles prompted the development of a Density Function Theory (DFT) model to understand the adsorption of Pyrrolidinone on the surface of silver and gold… Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticles ; Nanornaterials

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mdluli, P. S. (2009). Synthesis and growth dynamics study of silver nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/947

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mdluli, Phumlane Selby. “Synthesis and growth dynamics study of silver nanoparticles .” 2009. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/947.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mdluli, Phumlane Selby. “Synthesis and growth dynamics study of silver nanoparticles .” 2009. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Mdluli PS. Synthesis and growth dynamics study of silver nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2009. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/947.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mdluli PS. Synthesis and growth dynamics study of silver nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/947

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

5. Dlamini, Nkosinathi Norman. Synthesis and characterization of cadmium selenide and zinc selenide nanoparticles .

Degree: 2012, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1247

► An environmentally friendly synthetic route has been used to synthesize cadmium selenide and zinc selenide nanoparticles. Both aqueous and organically soluble selenide based nanoparticles have… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticles

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dlamini, N. N. (2012). Synthesis and characterization of cadmium selenide and zinc selenide nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1247

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dlamini, Nkosinathi Norman. “Synthesis and characterization of cadmium selenide and zinc selenide nanoparticles .” 2012. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1247.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dlamini, Nkosinathi Norman. “Synthesis and characterization of cadmium selenide and zinc selenide nanoparticles .” 2012. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Dlamini NN. Synthesis and characterization of cadmium selenide and zinc selenide nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2012. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1247.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dlamini NN. Synthesis and characterization of cadmium selenide and zinc selenide nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1247

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

6. Nejo, Ayorinde Olufunke. Synthesis of organically capped and water soluble metal sulfide semiconductor nanoparticles .

Degree: 2013, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1320

► Well-defined faceted shaped organically and water soluble metal sulfide nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using a hybrid solution based high temperature colloidal route in the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nejo, A. O. (2013). Synthesis of organically capped and water soluble metal sulfide semiconductor nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1320

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nejo, Ayorinde Olufunke. “Synthesis of organically capped and water soluble metal sulfide semiconductor nanoparticles .” 2013. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1320.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nejo, Ayorinde Olufunke. “Synthesis of organically capped and water soluble metal sulfide semiconductor nanoparticles .” 2013. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Nejo AO. Synthesis of organically capped and water soluble metal sulfide semiconductor nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2013. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1320.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nejo AO. Synthesis of organically capped and water soluble metal sulfide semiconductor nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1320

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

7. Mlowe, Sixberth. Synthesis of Cadmium, Lead and Iron Sulfide Thin Films and Nanoparticles .

Degree: 2016, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1495

► The usefulness and application of semiconductor nanomaterials continue to expand the frontier of research in bringing their benefits via technological applications. Several synthetic methods for… (more)

▼ The usefulness and application of semiconductor nanomaterials continue to expand the frontier of research in bringing their benefits via technological applications. Several synthetic methods for the preparation of semiconductor nanoparticles have been established. The design and development of a simple technique that is able to fabricate very pure, high quality and tunable morphology thin films and nanoparticles is therefore important and pressing. In this research project, Cadmium Sulfide, Lead Sulfide and Iron Sulfide nanoparticles and thin films were selected and synthesized because of their unique properties and applications. The use of single source precursors for the fabrication of these nanomaterials has been used by several routes such as hot injection, chemical vapour deposition and pyrolysis methods. Therefore, in this study, the synthesis of nine (9) heterocyclic dithiocarbamate metal complexes namely; bis(piperidinedithiocarbamato)cadmium(II) (1), bis(tetrahydroquinolinedithiocarbamato)cadmium(II) (2) and the pyridine adduct of bis(piperidinedithiocarbamato)cadmium(II) (3), bis-(piperidinedithiocarbamato)lead(II) (4) and bis-(tetrahydroquinolinedithiocarbamato)lead(II) (5), tris-(piperidinedithiocarbamato)iron(III) (6) and tris-(tetrahydroquinolinedithiocarbamato)iron(III) (7), bis-(piperidinedithiocarbamato)iron(II) (8) and bis-(tetrahydroquinolinedithiocarbamato)iron(II) (9) are presented. Single crystal structures of four single source precursors (1), (3), (6) and (7) have been elucidated in this study. These complexes have been used as single-source precursors (SSPs) for the fabrication of cadmium sulfide (CdS), lead sulfide (PbS) and iron sulfide (FeS) thin films by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD) and spin coating methods for PbS. Also, nanoparticles of similar metal sulfide were made by the hot injection and pyrolysis routes. Various parameters such as temperature, solvent and time were used to ascertain their properties. The morphological, structural, optical properties and composition of the as-synthesized materials were found to depend on the reaction conditions used during the synthesis. The synthesized CdS thin films and nanoparticles were found to exhibit blue shifted optical properties, which were size and morphological dependent. Their morphologies and structural properties were investigated using different electron microscopy and diffraction techniques. Similarly, PbS thin films deposited were studied and their optical and structural properties show formation of high quality nanomaterials which are also temperature dependent. Optical properties of the deposited PbS thin films show blue shift compared to the bulk PbS. Best morphologies of PbS films deposited by spin coating method highlighted the usefulness of this route. Iron sulfide thin films deposited by AACVD method show that variation of parameters could result in the formation of high quality nanostructures. Furthermore, optically active greigite and pyrrhotite-iron sulfide nanoparticles were prepared by simply… Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: synthesis – cadmium – nanoparticles – sulfide

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mlowe, S. (2016). Synthesis of Cadmium, Lead and Iron Sulfide Thin Films and Nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1495

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mlowe, Sixberth. “Synthesis of Cadmium, Lead and Iron Sulfide Thin Films and Nanoparticles .” 2016. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1495.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mlowe, Sixberth. “Synthesis of Cadmium, Lead and Iron Sulfide Thin Films and Nanoparticles .” 2016. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Mlowe S. Synthesis of Cadmium, Lead and Iron Sulfide Thin Films and Nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2016. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1495.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mlowe S. Synthesis of Cadmium, Lead and Iron Sulfide Thin Films and Nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1495

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

8. Mgabi, Londiwe Patience. Deposition of CoxSy, NixSy MnS and CdS thin films from their alkylthiourea precursors using the Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapour Desposition (AACVD) technique .

Degree: 2008, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/307

► Various complexes of Co (II), Ni (II), Mn (II) and Cd (II) thiourea and alkylthiourea have been successfully synthesized, using the 1:2 mole ratio metal… (more)

▼ Various complexes of Co (II), Ni (II), Mn (II) and Cd (II) thiourea and alkylthiourea have been successfully synthesized, using the 1:2 mole ratio metal salts of (NiCl^ C0CI2, MnCfe and CdCh) with their respective ligands. These complexes were characterized using melting points and elemental analysis to distinguish their monomelic character and confirm the purity of the complexes. Single X-ray crystal structures of [NiCl2(SC (NHC6Hn)2]2 and [MnCl2(CS(NH2)2)4] were obtained. Thermogravimetric studies on each complex were conducted to elucidate their volatility, for the deposition of thin films. Their decomposition patterns were found to yield predominantly a 2-stage TGA profiles with the resultant leading to the formation of the respective metal sulfide. Thin films were successfully deposited via the single source precursor method on glass and GaAs substrates by the Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition (AACVD) technique. Their lower volatility nature yielded less uniform deposition of thin films such that the substrate was changed as well the suspension of the substrate on the stubs with improved uniformity of the thin film. The respective metal chalcogenide thin films deposited were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) for their crystallinity, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for their morphological properties, Ultraviolet (UV) - Visible (Vis) spectra for their optical properties and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDAX) for the composition of the films. Thin film measurement was performed using the Interferometer method. The X-ray diffraction pattern revealed different phases for the metal chalcogenide film, stoichiometric cobalt sulfide exhibited a mixture of cubic linnaeite C03S4 and cattierite C0S2, stoichiometric NiS, NiS2 (pyrite), |3- NiS (millerite), Ni3.xS2 and NiSi.97, Manganese sulfide revealed the presence of the a - alabandite phase and CdS showed the mixture of hexagonal and orthorhombic (300-350 C) and cubic phase at (400-450 C) respectively. Their morphological properties demonstrated the presence of mostly granulated spheres for the stoichiometric CoS, star-fish like rods for stoichiometric NiS, polycrystalline growth for the MnS films and mostly cubic and spore-like rods for CdS. Their absorption spectra revealed blue-shifted spectra with a mostly a higher optical band gap energy relative to that of bulk for all the metal chalcogenides. Thickness measurements showed that most thin films were deposited uniformly with minor contours and showed optimum adherence to the substrates. Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor), Moloto, J (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Thiourea ; alkylthiourea

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mgabi, L. P. (2008). Deposition of CoxSy, NixSy MnS and CdS thin films from their alkylthiourea precursors using the Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapour Desposition (AACVD) technique . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/307

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mgabi, Londiwe Patience. “Deposition of CoxSy, NixSy MnS and CdS thin films from their alkylthiourea precursors using the Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapour Desposition (AACVD) technique .” 2008. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/307.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mgabi, Londiwe Patience. “Deposition of CoxSy, NixSy MnS and CdS thin films from their alkylthiourea precursors using the Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapour Desposition (AACVD) technique .” 2008. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Mgabi LP. Deposition of CoxSy, NixSy MnS and CdS thin films from their alkylthiourea precursors using the Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapour Desposition (AACVD) technique . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2008. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/307.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mgabi LP. Deposition of CoxSy, NixSy MnS and CdS thin films from their alkylthiourea precursors using the Aerosol Assisted Chemical Vapour Desposition (AACVD) technique . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/307

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

9. Sosibo, Ndabenhle Mercury Sosibo. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies of Gold Nanoparticle Systems .

Degree: 2010, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/552

► In this work, the immobilisation of different biomolecules on thioalkylated polyethelene glycol (PEG)-capped gold monolayer protected clusters (MPCs) has been successfully conducted. This followed a… (more)

▼ In this work, the immobilisation of different biomolecules on thioalkylated polyethelene glycol (PEG)-capped gold monolayer protected clusters (MPCs) has been successfully conducted. This followed a series of aqueous and nonaqueous synthetic protocols carried out to synthesize gold nanoparticles and MPCs of sizes ranging between 4 – 200 nm. Hetero-bifunctional PEG ligands possessing functionalities such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, biotin and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) were introduced resulting in stable, biocompatible gold MPCs, templates for biomolecular functionalisation reactions. Biomolecular functionalisation strategies such as carbodiimide coupling, biotin-avidin interaction and Ni-NTA-histidine interactions following the introduction of the bivalent hexadentate Ni(II) onto the NTA matrix of the MPCs, were conducted to formulate the biomolecular hybrid systems. A range of biomolecules including the cell-penetrating TAT peptide (YGRKKRRQRRR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase), streptavidin and fluorescent-labelled FAM-TAT peptide were successfully immobilised on the gold MPCs. The simplicity of the synthetic approaches and the stability of the resultant biomolecular systems strengthened their potential applications in targeted drug delivery, molecular recognition tools for diagnostics and in the purification, quantification and beneficiation of tagged fusion biomolecules. The colloidal gold nanoparticles, MPCs and bioconjugates were further investigated for inherent biologic effects through a series of end-point based in vitro assays. The cytotoxicity, namely the causation of necrotic cell death was studied using the neutral red assay on CHO22 cell line. All three system types showed benign cytotoxicity properties; demonstrating minor dose-dependence decline in cell viability through necrotic cell death. Additionally, dose-dependent patterns were also observed in the apoptosis-induction effects of these gold systems on CHO22 and CD4 expressing Jurkat cell lines. Overall, this work demonstrated facile protocols of synthesis for colloidal gold nanoparticles, MPCs and bioconjugates, and subsequently through in vitro cellular interaction assays, demonstrated these systems as useful tools for application in life sciences and related fields. Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor), Tshikhudo, T (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Gold Nanoparticle Systems

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Sosibo, N. M. S. (2010). Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies of Gold Nanoparticle Systems . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/552

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sosibo, Ndabenhle Mercury Sosibo. “Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies of Gold Nanoparticle Systems .” 2010. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/552.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sosibo, Ndabenhle Mercury Sosibo. “Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies of Gold Nanoparticle Systems .” 2010. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Sosibo NMS. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies of Gold Nanoparticle Systems . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2010. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/552.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sosibo NMS. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Studies of Gold Nanoparticle Systems . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/552

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

10. Luthuli, Duncan Sifiso. Analysis of the effects of Gold nanoparticles on the functional integrity of select serum proteins and heat shock proteins of mammalian origin .

Degree: 2012, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1059

► Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are a natural starting point for understanding nanoparticle-protein interaction due to their possible applications in biomedical functions, such as disease diagnosis and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Gold nanoparticles ; Nanoparticle - protein interaction ; Disease diagnosis and drug delivery

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APA (6^th Edition):

Luthuli, D. S. (2012). Analysis of the effects of Gold nanoparticles on the functional integrity of select serum proteins and heat shock proteins of mammalian origin . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1059

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Luthuli, Duncan Sifiso. “Analysis of the effects of Gold nanoparticles on the functional integrity of select serum proteins and heat shock proteins of mammalian origin .” 2012. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1059.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Luthuli, Duncan Sifiso. “Analysis of the effects of Gold nanoparticles on the functional integrity of select serum proteins and heat shock proteins of mammalian origin .” 2012. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Luthuli DS. Analysis of the effects of Gold nanoparticles on the functional integrity of select serum proteins and heat shock proteins of mammalian origin . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2012. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1059.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Luthuli DS. Analysis of the effects of Gold nanoparticles on the functional integrity of select serum proteins and heat shock proteins of mammalian origin . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1059

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

11. Dunpall, Rekha. An in vitro assessment of the potential toxicity of Cadmium Selenide nanoparticles .

Degree: 2012, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1060

► Nanotechnology is steadily finding its application in all aspects of the consumer industry, science and engineering. At a relative pace Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles are… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticle - Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) ; Disease diagnosis and drug delivery

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dunpall, R. (2012). An in vitro assessment of the potential toxicity of Cadmium Selenide nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1060

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dunpall, Rekha. “An in vitro assessment of the potential toxicity of Cadmium Selenide nanoparticles .” 2012. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1060.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dunpall, Rekha. “An in vitro assessment of the potential toxicity of Cadmium Selenide nanoparticles .” 2012. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Dunpall R. An in vitro assessment of the potential toxicity of Cadmium Selenide nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2012. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1060.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dunpall R. An in vitro assessment of the potential toxicity of Cadmium Selenide nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1060

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

12. Simonis, Jean Jacques. Developing a low-cost ceramic micro-porous water filter for removal of microorganisms that cause common diseases .

Degree: 2012, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1208

► Africa is one of the most water-scarce continents on earth and the lack of potable water is responsible for the death of approximately 4 900… (more)

▼ Africa is one of the most water-scarce continents on earth and the lack of potable water is responsible for the death of approximately 4 900 children every day. Water can be effectively decontaminated by using a household ceramic water filter. The local production of low-cost water filters suitable for the removal of suspended material and pathogenic bacteria from water sources, especially in rural areas, provides a promising solution to the problem and is therefore important to pursue. The traditional slip casting process was used develop a micro-porous ceramic water filter. The method was found to be more suitable than either extrusion or die casting for manufacturing a locally suitable, low cost ceramic water filter. Slip casting, requiring limited expensive equipment, usage of locally available raw materials, labour and expertise makes this the only promising method for manufacturing ceramic filters in a rural, non-technical setting. Using milled lithium alumino-silicate had the main advantages of thermal shock resistance and dimensional stability because of the material’s zero thermal expansion at firing temperatures. Milling tests based on the Andreasen packing model were used for obtaining the best particle packing for the raw material recipe. The material also provides dilatant rheology matching the rheology of the organic carbon poreformer. The candle- type filter required less raw material compared to the other low cost filter such as the pot- type filter from (PfP). The particle size of the pore-former provided us with small pores around 3 microns after firing for the elimination of bacteria from drinking water. These pores were much smaller and more effective when compared with Potters for Peace (PfP’s) pore size of 16-25 micron. The zero thermal expansion (adopted ZTE product name) helped to prevent damage (cracking) to the product during heating and gave accurate control of the ultimate filter size after sintering. The large apparent porosity results of between 67-73 per cent for the finished product provide a specific surface area of 7 m2 g-1 and a high flow rate which explains the filtration efficiency of the filter. The 32 minute retention time of water further helps with the filtration effectiveness. Bacteriological testing exceeded all expectations. The product was tested using water contaminated with high concentrations of selected bacterial cultures as well as with water from local polluted streams. -i v - The product complies with the WHO (2011) recommendation requirement for household water treatment (HWT) technologies of a LRV ≥ 4 (log reduction value). With correct cleaning and basic maintenance, this filter can effectively provide clean drinking water for rural families affected by polluted surface water sources. This product can immediately be useful to families placed in situations where polluted drinking water causes distress. The filter could provide a low-cost solution for the millions of people without access to potable water in Africa. … Advisors/Committee Members: Kelbe, B.E (advisor), Revaprasadu, N (advisor), Basson, A.K (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Ceramic filter ; Micro-porous ; Slip casting ; Water filtration

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Simonis, J. J. (2012). Developing a low-cost ceramic micro-porous water filter for removal of microorganisms that cause common diseases . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1208

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Simonis, Jean Jacques. “Developing a low-cost ceramic micro-porous water filter for removal of microorganisms that cause common diseases .” 2012. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1208.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Simonis, Jean Jacques. “Developing a low-cost ceramic micro-porous water filter for removal of microorganisms that cause common diseases .” 2012. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Simonis JJ. Developing a low-cost ceramic micro-porous water filter for removal of microorganisms that cause common diseases . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2012. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1208.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Simonis JJ. Developing a low-cost ceramic micro-porous water filter for removal of microorganisms that cause common diseases . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1208

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

13. Makumire, Stanley. Evaluation of the effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on protein folding in Escherichia coli .

Degree: 2014, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1331

► Gold nanoparticles have shown promising applications, more especially in the biomedical industry. This has seen major improvements in disease diagnostics, therapeutics, imaging and treatment. All… (more)

▼ Gold nanoparticles have shown promising applications, more especially in the biomedical industry. This has seen major improvements in disease diagnostics, therapeutics, imaging and treatment. All this is owed to the unique physicochemical properties possessed by the AuNPs. More studies continue to be carried out on AuNPs as the uses of these nanometer-sized particles are limitless. Water soluble citrate capped gold nanoparticles were synthesized through a slightly modified citrate method. In order to determine size, shape, dispersion and the crystalline nature of the AuNPs, characterization was done using Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The AuNPs were used to ascertain bacterial-nanoparticle interactions, their effect on E.coli growth as well as the effect on the solubility of E.coli proteins. The in vitro effects on DNA and protein integrity was also determined. The bacteria work was done by exposing E.coli to AuNPs. Imaging was done through TEM and bacterial growth monitored by measuring optical density at hourly intervals. AuNPs were assimilated by the bacterial cells with minimal effects on cellular integrity in DnaK- cells. DnaK + cells exhibited containment of AuNPs in the cytosol. AuNPs also inhibited E.coli growth marginally and had no observable effect on the solubility of E.coli proteins at the concentrations tested (25-75 μg/mL) in DnaK+ cells. MDH and MDH in the presence of PfHsp70 were exposed to AuNPs. The AuNPs effect was ascertained by SDS-PAGE. Citrate AuNPs managed to suppress MDH aggregation at low concentrations (2.5-25 μg/mL). At all the concentrations used, the citrate AuNPs complemented the ability of PfHsp70 in suppressing MDH aggregation. The stability of DNA exposed to AuNPs was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis and transformations into E.coli XL1 blue cells. DNA damage was observed at concentrations (25-100 μg/mL) after exposure for forty-eight (48) hours and for damaged DNA preparations no or fewer colony forming units were observed on agar plates. These findings show that citrate AuNPs are less cytotoxic and iii can maintain proteins in soluble form. Although their effect on protein solubility is valuable, citrate AuNPs impact on protein function and are damaging to DNA. Further studies need to be carried out in order to fine tune the physicochemical properties of these particles as a way of improving the biosafety of the AuNPs. Advisors/Committee Members: Shonhai, A (advisor), Revaprasadu, N (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticles ; Nanoparticles - gold

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Makumire, S. (2014). Evaluation of the effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on protein folding in Escherichia coli . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1331

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Makumire, Stanley. “Evaluation of the effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on protein folding in Escherichia coli .” 2014. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1331.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Makumire, Stanley. “Evaluation of the effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on protein folding in Escherichia coli .” 2014. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Makumire S. Evaluation of the effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on protein folding in Escherichia coli . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2014. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1331.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Makumire S. Evaluation of the effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on protein folding in Escherichia coli . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1331

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

14. Mntungwa, Nhlakanipho. A facile hybrid method to synthesize metal and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles using various capping groups .

Degree: 2014, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1403

► The synthesis of bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) metal and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles is presented using a novel hybrid solution based high temperature… (more)

▼ The synthesis of bismuth (Bi), antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) metal and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles is presented using a novel hybrid solution based high temperature method. Furthermore is the synthesis of zinc telluride (ZnTe) and cadmium telluride (CdTe) nanostructured materials also described. The nanomaterials are predominantly capped by organic ligands. The use of water soluble ligands such as triethanolamine (TEA) and cysteine is also reported. The synthetic method involves the reduction of a metal salt followed by the introduction of the chalcogenide source in the case of metal chalcogenide nanoparticle synthesis. The metal or metal chalcogenide prepared is thermolysed into a high boiling point ligand at high temperature. For the water soluble nanoparticles after reduction there is a simultaneous addition of a chalcogenide source and a ligand at room temperature. The Bi and Sb nanoparticles showed similar spherical morphology when capped with tri-noctylphosphine oxide (TOPO). Bismuth particles in the form of dots, branched nanorods and self assembled cubes were obtained at different reaction conditions. The cubed shaped Bi and Sb nanoparticles which appear to self-assemble were obtained when using oleylamine (OA) as a capping group. The Bi2S3, Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3 nanoparticles were elongated when capped using alkylamines such as hexadecylamine (HDA) and OA, however at low temperature of 90 °C they appeared to be close to spherical. The antimony chalcogenides, Sb2S3, Sb2Se3 and Sb2Te3 gave a similar rod shape morphology. The Sn nanoparticles appeared aggregated to some extent. A triangular shaped morphology is observed for the OA capped SnS nanoparticles. HDA capped ZnTe nanoparticles were synthesized using NaHTe and ZnCl2 as the tellurium and zinc sources respectively. The particles synthesized at reaction temperatures of 230 °C and 270 °C were spherical in shape. The blue shift in the absorption spectra confirms that the particles undergo quantum confinement. The photoluminescence studies show that the particles emit at a wavelengths close to their band edge. The water soluble cysteine and TEA capped ZnTe particles appear as nanorods which are aggregated. Finally water soluble CdTe nanoparticles were synthesized using TEA and cysteine as capping groups. The results showed that both cysteine and TEA are effective capping groups for water soluble CdTe nanoparticles. The optical properties of the particles synthesized in both capping groups revealed absorption features due to the Cd-ligand complex. The photoluminescence spectra showed reasonably narrow emission peaks. The cadmium salt was varied to study its effect on the morphology of the CdTe nanoparticles. The nitrate source gave well defined, crystalline, close to spherical nanoparticles. The FT-IR measurements confirmed the presence of the capping ligand on the surface of CdTe nanoparticles. Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor), Pullabhotla, V.S.R. Rajasekhar (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: metal chalcogenide – nanoparticles – hybrid – capping

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mntungwa, N. (2014). A facile hybrid method to synthesize metal and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles using various capping groups . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1403

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mntungwa, Nhlakanipho. “A facile hybrid method to synthesize metal and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles using various capping groups .” 2014. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1403.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mntungwa, Nhlakanipho. “A facile hybrid method to synthesize metal and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles using various capping groups .” 2014. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Mntungwa N. A facile hybrid method to synthesize metal and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles using various capping groups . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2014. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1403.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mntungwa N. A facile hybrid method to synthesize metal and metal chalcogenide nanoparticles using various capping groups . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1403

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

15. Masikane, Siphamandla Cecil. Synthesis and catalytic evaluation of chiral ferrocenyl p^p and p^n palladium(II) complexes .

Degree: 2013, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1407

► Chapter 2 outlines initial attempts made to synthesize analogues of the P,N-type chiral ligands (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H3-PPh2)C*H(OH)(3,5-R2pz) R = H SPNa and R = Me SPNb first… (more)

▼ Chapter 2 outlines initial attempts made to synthesize analogues of the P,N-type chiral ligands (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H3-PPh2)C*H(OH)(3,5-R2pz) R = H SPNa and R = Me SPNb first prepared by Togni, and the P,P-type chiral ligands (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H3-PR2)C*H(OH)(PPh2) R = Ph SPPa, R = i-Pr SPPb of the Josiphos family. In these ligands, the methyl group on the stereogenic carbon is replaced with a hydroxyl group. The preparation of SPNa and SPNb included the use of the scaffolds (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4)(CO)(3,5-R2pz) R = H 3a and R = Me 3b which were prepared from the reaction of ferrocenoyl chloride with appropriate pyrazolyl moieties. It was unfortunately discovered that neither 3a nor 3b could be reduced to the corresponding alcohol derivatives (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4C*H(OH)(3,5-R2pz) R = H 3-OHa and R = Me 3-OHb which were the required intermediates towards the preparation of SPNa and SPNb. The preparation of SPPa and SPPb used the scaffold (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4)(CO)(PPh2) 4 which was prepared similarly to ligands 3a and 3b using lithium diphenylphosphine. Disappointingly, scaffold 4 was obtained in yields less than 10%. Furthermore, it could also not be reduced to the required intermediate (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4)C*H(OH)(PPh2) 4-OH as it was the case for 3a and 3b. The alternative scaffolds (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4-COMe) 5 and (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4-PPh2) 7 were then synthesized. Compound 5 could be reduced to (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4) C*H(OH)(Me) 5-OH which was subsequently used to prepare the ligand intermediates (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4)C*H(3,5-R2pz)(Me) where R = H 6a and R = Me 6b by a substitution reaction with appropriate pyrazolyl moieties. The lithiatiation of 6b followed by the reaction with chlorodiphenylphosphine yielded the chiral ligand (η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H3-PPh2)C*H(3,5-Me2pz)(Me) LPNb. Friedel-Crafts acetylation of 7 with acetyl chloride afforded a heteroannular intermediate (η5-C5H4-PPh2)Fe(η5-C5H4-COMe) 8 instead of the desired homoannular intermediate. This intermediate could be reduced to (η5-C5H4-PPh2)Fe(η5-C5H4)C*H(OH)(Me) 8-OH which was then used as a starting material in the attempts to synthesize heteroannulated analogues of the alternative P,N and P,P-type ligands proposed previously. Decomposed products were obtained when substitutions with pyrazolyl and diphenylphosphino moieties were attempted. Palladium(II) complexes of the ligands 6a, 6b and LPNb were then prepared using PdCl2(NCMe)2 as the metal precursor, while the one for 7 was prepared using PdCl2 as the metal precursor. In Chapter 3, the prepared complexes [PdCl2{(η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4)C*H(3,5-R2pz)(Me)}2] R = H CNa and R = Me CNb, [PdCl2(η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H3- PPh2)C*H(3,5-Me2pz)(Me)] CPNb and [PdCl2{(η5-C5H5)Fe(η5-C5H4-PPh2)}2] CP1 were catalytically evaluated in a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction of phenylboronic acid with iodobenzene to obtain biphenyl as the product. Interestingly, CNb could catalyse this reaction to give yields of at least 50% at 30 °C. However, the best yields were obtained when the temperature is doubled, using 2 M sodium hydroxide as the base in… Advisors/Committee Members: Segapelo, T.V (advisor), Revaprasadu, N (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: chiral ferrocenyl – palladium (II) – complexes

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Masikane, S. C. (2013). Synthesis and catalytic evaluation of chiral ferrocenyl p^p and p^n palladium(II) complexes . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1407

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Masikane, Siphamandla Cecil. “Synthesis and catalytic evaluation of chiral ferrocenyl p^p and p^n palladium(II) complexes .” 2013. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1407.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Masikane, Siphamandla Cecil. “Synthesis and catalytic evaluation of chiral ferrocenyl p^p and p^n palladium(II) complexes .” 2013. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Masikane SC. Synthesis and catalytic evaluation of chiral ferrocenyl p^p and p^n palladium(II) complexes . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2013. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1407.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Masikane SC. Synthesis and catalytic evaluation of chiral ferrocenyl p^p and p^n palladium(II) complexes . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1407

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

16. Dunpall, Rekha. The synthesis, characterisation and bioapplications of Novel Gold-Zinc Telluride Core-shell Nanoparticles .

Degree: 2016, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1507

► There is a growing demand for the development of innovative nano-drug delivery systems that can both target and improve cancer therapies more effectively than conventional… (more)

▼ There is a growing demand for the development of innovative nano-drug delivery systems that can both target and improve cancer therapies more effectively than conventional chemotherapy. Novel Au-ZnTe nanoparticles was designed to support biocompatibility features that can be utilised for drug delivery and bio-imaging applications. Au, ZnTe and Au-ZnTe nanoparticles were synthesized and analysed for optical, morphological, crystalline and surface chemistry characterisation. Subsequent to materials characterisation, Au-ZnTe nanoparticles was evaluated for its potential toxicity using in vitro and in vivo systems. The nanoparticle was surface modified through conjugation with 5-FU and human epidermal growth factor antibody to facilitate targeted anti-cancer drug delivery, followed by the in vitro drug efficacy application. The Au-ZnTe nanoparticles displayed core-shell morphology with an average particle size of 7 ± 3.74 nm. The absorption wavelength of Au-ZnTe nanoparticles was dominated by the optical properties of gold and photoluminescence analysis showed that ZnTe dominated the emission properties of Au-ZnTe nanoparticles. Crystalline analysis displayed peaks attributed to both parental materials. The biosafety and cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was established using normal human colon, mammary epithelial and cancer cells of breast, prostate and colon origin. Moreover, under certain conditions the particles expressed cytokines in low concentrations and induced an insignificant (20%) cytotoxic response when exposed to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Additionally systemic circulation of Au-ZnTe particles displayed no adverse effects in the blood, liver and kidney functions of female Sprague Dawley rats. TEM, FTIR, Zeta potential and optical measurements were performed to confirm the surface conjugation and interaction of 5-FU and EGF to Au-ZnTe nanoparticles. The in vitro anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy study was performed using the MTT cytotoxicity assay on breast cancer cells. The cytotoxicity studies have shown that all components in the 5-FU-EGF-Au-ZnTe nanoparticle formulation work synergistically to attack MCF7 cancer cells displaying 24.74 % increased efficacy than 5-FU at equivalent concentrations. Furthermore receptorligand mediated uptake of nano-drug formulations was demonstrated using 5-FU-Au-ZnTe. Several attempts were made to induce and develop a tumour model using Sprague Dawley rats and BALB/c mice. The presence of an external tumour mass was unsuccessful and therefore limited the ability to demonstrate the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of 5-FU-EGf-Au-ZnTe nanoparticles. These findings however lay a foundation for future work involving the synthesis and application of biocompatible nanoparticles that can support and improve current medical technologies. This study has generated valuable new knowledge that will help scientists within the field of biotechnology, nanomedicine, biochemistry and materials chemistry, to develop and optimize strategies for more efficient therapeutic… Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor), Opoku, A.R (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: nano-drug delivery systems – Novel Au-ZnTe – nanoparticles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dunpall, R. (2016). The synthesis, characterisation and bioapplications of Novel Gold-Zinc Telluride Core-shell Nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1507

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dunpall, Rekha. “The synthesis, characterisation and bioapplications of Novel Gold-Zinc Telluride Core-shell Nanoparticles .” 2016. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1507.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dunpall, Rekha. “The synthesis, characterisation and bioapplications of Novel Gold-Zinc Telluride Core-shell Nanoparticles .” 2016. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Dunpall R. The synthesis, characterisation and bioapplications of Novel Gold-Zinc Telluride Core-shell Nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2016. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1507.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dunpall R. The synthesis, characterisation and bioapplications of Novel Gold-Zinc Telluride Core-shell Nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1507

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

17. Mlondo, Sibusiso Nkosikhona. Cadmium and lead thiosemicarbazide complexes : precursors for the synthesis of CdS nanorods and PbS nanoparticles .

Degree: 2005, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/273

► This work reports the shape controlled synthesis of metal sulfide nanomaterials with varying morphologies using single source precursors based on the thiosemicarbazide ligand. The single… (more)

▼ This work reports the shape controlled synthesis of metal sulfide nanomaterials with varying morphologies using single source precursors based on the thiosemicarbazide ligand. The single crystal X-ray structures of [Cd(NH2CSNHNH2)CI2]n, [Cd(NH2CSNHNH2)2Cl2]n and [Pb(NH2CSNHNH2 )(N03)2] precursor complexes are reported and discussed. The non crystalline analogue of the cadmium complexes, [Cd(NH2CSNHNH2)2Cl2] was also synthesized and principally used to determine the effect of the precursor concentration and the growth temperature on the growth and final morphology of the CdS nanoparticles. The precursors were thermolysed in a hot co-ordinating solvent such as hexadecylamine (HDA) for CdS and tri-w-octylphosphine (TOPO) for PbS, using the "one-pot" single-molecule precursor route. The shape was found to move from short rods and dots to long rods at higher temperatures, where the growth is not easy to control. By contrast, at moderate temperatures the shape evolution was the opposite with the precursor concentration being the variation, as we moved from higher to lower concentrations. On the temperature variable's front, higher temperatures were found to favour the formation of shorter rods and dots whereas lower temperatures favour longer rods. By varying the important parameters such as precursor concentration and reaction temperature, various nanomaterials with a range of morphologies and sizes could be prepared. The effect of the nature of the precursor was also varied by synthesising nanoparticles from different crystalline complexes of the same metal (cadmium) and ligand (thiosemicarbazide) as precursors, which were found to give the nanoparticles of different crystallinity and aspect ratios. [Pb(NH2CSNHNH2 )(N03)2] was also used to synthesize PbS nanoparticles, in which determination shape control could not in be achieved. UV/Vis and photoluminescence spectra were used to study the materials optical properties of the material. The structural properties of the materials were studied by X-ray diffraction and TEM instruments. Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Cadmium and lead thiosemicarbazide ; CdS Nanorods and PbS Nanoparticles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mlondo, S. N. (2005). Cadmium and lead thiosemicarbazide complexes : precursors for the synthesis of CdS nanorods and PbS nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/273

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mlondo, Sibusiso Nkosikhona. “Cadmium and lead thiosemicarbazide complexes : precursors for the synthesis of CdS nanorods and PbS nanoparticles .” 2005. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/273.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mlondo, Sibusiso Nkosikhona. “Cadmium and lead thiosemicarbazide complexes : precursors for the synthesis of CdS nanorods and PbS nanoparticles .” 2005. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Mlondo SN. Cadmium and lead thiosemicarbazide complexes : precursors for the synthesis of CdS nanorods and PbS nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2005. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/273.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mlondo SN. Cadmium and lead thiosemicarbazide complexes : precursors for the synthesis of CdS nanorods and PbS nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/273

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

18. Musetha, Phumudzo Luvhengo. The use of metal complexes to deposit metal chalcogenide thin films and nanoparticles .

Degree: 2006, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/344

► This thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter describes the properties, methods of deposition and applications of semiconductors. The second chapter focuses on the… (more)

▼ This thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter describes the properties, methods of deposition and applications of semiconductors. The second chapter focuses on the deposition of metal chalcogenides thin films from single molecular precursors of the type [M {N(EPR2)2}2], were M = Pt, Pd, Ni; E = S or Se and R = fPr or Ph. Ligands of the type R2P(E)NP(E)R2, where R = *Pr or Ph were prepared to synthesize these precursors. Single X-ray structures of fP^NfP^PSe^h] and [Pd{N(SPh2)2}2] are reported and discussed. The X-ray structure of the platinum complex shows a square-planar conformation whereas the six membered PtSe2P2N ring adopts a distorted "boat" conformation. The third chapter describes the deposition of metal sulphide thin films from [M(S2COR)2], were M = Pt, Pd, Ni, Cd, Co, Cu and R = Et or dPr. Single X-ray structures of [M(S2COR)2j M = Pt, Pd, and Ni, R = Et are reported and discussed. The NiS thin films are polycrystalline and their 0 values are in good agreement with the literature values. The phases do not seem to be affected by temperature whereas the morphology of the films changes with temperature. The morphology of the films has been found to be greatly influenced by varying the temperature. All the ligands and precursors were characterised by elemental analysis and by using spectroscopic techniques such as infrared (IR), mass spectrometry (MS), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (*H and !3C NMR). Thin films of PtSea, Pt, PdSe2, PaUSe, Pdi7Sei5, PdS, and PdS2 were deposited by aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD) and low pressure metal-organic vapour deposition (LP-MOCVD) using metal complexes of irninobis(dialkylphosphinato)dichalcogenide ligands. Thin films of NiS, CdS, Pt, PdS, Pdi6S7, and CogSg were deposited by AACVD using the respective metal xanthate complexes. The films were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The fourth chapter focuses on the preparation of nanoparticles and nanorods from cadmium complexes. The synthesis of CdS nanoparticles and nanorods are described in detail. The synthetic route used for the synthesis of the CdS nanoparticles is the thermolysis of metal complexes, [Cd(S2CNMe2)2] and [Cd{-SC(=S)OCH(CH3)2}4], in tri-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) and hexadecylamine (HDA). The optical properties of the nanoparticles were studied by using ultraviolet (UV)-visible and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. There were blue shifts in the band gaps for all CdS samples; however, photoluminescence was very poor. The hexagonal phase of CdS was observed for all CdS samples using XRD measurements. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show that the TOPO capped CdS nanoparticles have a spherical shape whereas the HDA capped particles are rod shaped. Nanoparticles of CdS were characterised by UV-vis, PL, XRD and TEM. Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor), Kolawole, G.A (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Organometallic compounds ; Complex compounds ; Metal complexes

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Musetha, P. L. (2006). The use of metal complexes to deposit metal chalcogenide thin films and nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/344

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Musetha, Phumudzo Luvhengo. “The use of metal complexes to deposit metal chalcogenide thin films and nanoparticles .” 2006. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/344.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Musetha, Phumudzo Luvhengo. “The use of metal complexes to deposit metal chalcogenide thin films and nanoparticles .” 2006. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Musetha PL. The use of metal complexes to deposit metal chalcogenide thin films and nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2006. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/344.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Musetha PL. The use of metal complexes to deposit metal chalcogenide thin films and nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/344

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

19. Nair, P. Sreekumari. Studies on semiconductor nanoparticles and polymer nanocomposites .

Degree: 2002, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/816

► Synthesis of nanometer-sized semiconductor materials using various synthetic methods has been an area of intense activity over the past decade. The emphasis has been mainly… (more)

▼ Synthesis of nanometer-sized semiconductor materials using various synthetic methods has been an area of intense activity over the past decade. The emphasis has been mainly on the synthesis of semiconductor particles belonging to II-VI and III-V groups. These particles exhibit an increase in their electronic band gap with decreasing particle size, a property which is attributed to a strong quantum confinement effect. The ability to tune the physical properties of nanocrystallites makes them an important category of materials with potential use in a wide range of technological applications. This project deals with the synthesis, characterisation and investigation of the properties of semiconductor nanoparticles and semiconductor-polymer nanocomposites. The strategy for the synthesis of nanoparticles involves the use of various single-source precursors, which are thermolysed in a coordinating solvent, tri-w-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO). In the present study the focus has been mainly to prepare CdS nanoparticles using various single source precursors. Attempts have been made to correlate the precursor characteristics and the size, size distribution and morphology of the nanoparticles synthesised using these precursors. The other nanocrystallites studied in the present project include ZnS, Mn doped ZnS and Mn doped CdS. The single-source precursors used for the synthesis of CdS nanoparticles are cadmium(II) complexes of: Ethylxanthicacid; N,N' bis(thiocarbamoyl)hydrazine; N,N' -dioctyl thiourea; N,N'-diisopropyl thioureap; Thiocarbohydrazide; N,N' -dicyclohexyldithiooxamide; Thiosemicarbazide; 1 -(1 -carboxypropionyl)thiosemicarbazide; Glyoxalbis(thiosemicarbazone); 2,6-Diacetylpyridine bis(thiosemicarbazone); Zinc(H) complexes of: Ethylxanthicacid; N,N' -dioctyl thiourea; N.N; -bis(thiocarbamoyl)hydrazine The second part of the project involves the synthesis, characterisation and investigation of the properties of CdS, HgS and PbS nanoparticles in polymer matrices. Various synthetic methods have been used for the preparation of the polymer nanocomposites. The polymeric media that have been used include polyacrylamide, polystyrene and polyaniline. The structural characterisation of the composite materials confirm their nanosized nature. The thermal decomposition pattern of all precursors were studied by TGA. The optical properties of the nanoparticles and nanocomposites were investigated by UV-vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The structural properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersion analytical X-ray (EDAX), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor), Kolawole, G.A (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Nanotechnology ; Semiconductors

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nair, P. S. (2002). Studies on semiconductor nanoparticles and polymer nanocomposites . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/816

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nair, P Sreekumari. “Studies on semiconductor nanoparticles and polymer nanocomposites .” 2002. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/816.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nair, P Sreekumari. “Studies on semiconductor nanoparticles and polymer nanocomposites .” 2002. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Nair PS. Studies on semiconductor nanoparticles and polymer nanocomposites . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2002. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/816.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nair PS. Studies on semiconductor nanoparticles and polymer nanocomposites . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2002. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/816

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

20. Sosibo, Ndabenhle Mercury. Synthesis and characterization of ruthenium and rhodium sulfide thin films and nanoparticles .

Degree: 2004, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/907

► The reaction of the metal salt (MClynH20) with the solution mixture of carbon disulfide (CS2), dialkylamine (R2NH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) yields a dithiocarbamate complex… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Platinum group ; Nanoparticles ; Ruthenium and rhodium

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sosibo, N. M. (2004). Synthesis and characterization of ruthenium and rhodium sulfide thin films and nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/907

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sosibo, Ndabenhle Mercury. “Synthesis and characterization of ruthenium and rhodium sulfide thin films and nanoparticles .” 2004. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/907.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sosibo, Ndabenhle Mercury. “Synthesis and characterization of ruthenium and rhodium sulfide thin films and nanoparticles .” 2004. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Sosibo NM. Synthesis and characterization of ruthenium and rhodium sulfide thin films and nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2004. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/907.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sosibo NM. Synthesis and characterization of ruthenium and rhodium sulfide thin films and nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2004. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/907

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Zululand

21. Moloto, Makwena Justice. Synthesis and characterization of N-alkylthiourea and N, N -dialkylthiourea complexes of Cu, Cd and Pb, and their use as single source precursors for the synthesis of metal sulfide nanoparticles .

Degree: 2005, University of Zululand

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/858

► A number of complexes of various thiourea derivatives with different metals have been synthesized and characterized by a combination of spectroscopic studies, elemental analysis, melting… (more)

▼ A number of complexes of various thiourea derivatives with different metals have been synthesized and characterized by a combination of spectroscopic studies, elemental analysis, melting points and X-ray crystallography. Infrared and NMR spectroscopy studies reveal the interaction between a metal and the ligands, thioureas, is mainly through bonding to sulfur. A series of cadmium(II) complexes with N-alkyl/aryl and N, N'-dialkyl/aryl thioureas (RNHCSNHR'; where R = R* = CH3, CH2CH3, CeHs and /or R' = H) have been synthesized and characterized. The structures of [CdCl3(CS(NH2)(NHCH3)3]n (I) and CdCl2(CS(NH2)NHCH2CH3)2 (II), CdCl2(CS(NH2)-NHCeHs^ (III) and CdCI2(CS(NH-CH3)2)2 (IV) were determined by single crystal X-ray methods. Complex I have a six coordinate polymeric chain with a CdCl3S3 core, which together with complex III (a monomer) gave a distorted octahedral geometry. Complexes II and IV are monomers with a distorted tetrahedral geometry around the cadmium(II) ion. The lH (nuclear magnetic resonance) NMR spectra in deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (CD3SOCD3) at room temperature reveal the broadened NH peaks in the lower field region (6.0 - 10.0 ppm) and the presence of both syn and aw/z'-isomers for the N-alkylthioureas. All the spectral data obtained is consistent with the coordination of ligands by sulphur atom to the metal ion. Lead complexes were prepared in aqueous media to give white powder in a four coordinate form. Unlike cadmium and lead, copper gave multinuclear complexes resulting from the reduction of copper (II) to copper (I) by the thiourea ligands to form specifically tetranuclear copper complexes with thiourea behaving as the bridging ligands. Thermal behavior of these complexes both in air and under inert atmosphere gave residues after decomposition, which was predominantly metal sulfides, with little impurities. The presence of the metal sulfide was established by the XRD analysis of the residue from the thermo gravimetric analysis. These alkyl substituted thiourea complexes of Cd, Pb and Cu were easy to prepare, stable in air, inexpensive, obtained in good yields and decompose at temperatures about 200 -220 °C, which is convenient to thermal decomposition of precursors in the high boiling solvents or the suitable capping agents to prepare surface capped metal sulfide nanoparticles. Some of the complexes have been used as single-source molecular precursors in the preparation of copper sulfide, cadmium sulfide and lead sulfide nanoparticles by a process driven by thermal decomposition. Good crystalline particles were obtained from thermolysis of the precursors in tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) as a solvent and capping agent, at different temperatures. All nanoparticles, CdS, PbS and CuxSy, were prepared from alkylthiourea complexes, cleanly decomposing to give average size ranges 4 - 26 nm at reasonably lower temperatures. The small size of these particles is a consistent property with the observed blue shift in the band edge of their optical spectra. Photoluminescence spectra of most… Advisors/Committee Members: Revaprasadu, N (advisor), Kolawole, G.A (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Nanoparticles ; Transition metals

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Moloto, M. J. (2005). Synthesis and characterization of N-alkylthiourea and N, N -dialkylthiourea complexes of Cu, Cd and Pb, and their use as single source precursors for the synthesis of metal sulfide nanoparticles . (Thesis). University of Zululand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10530/858

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Moloto, Makwena Justice. “Synthesis and characterization of N-alkylthiourea and N, N -dialkylthiourea complexes of Cu, Cd and Pb, and their use as single source precursors for the synthesis of metal sulfide nanoparticles .” 2005. Thesis, University of Zululand. Accessed February 20, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/858.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Moloto, Makwena Justice. “Synthesis and characterization of N-alkylthiourea and N, N -dialkylthiourea complexes of Cu, Cd and Pb, and their use as single source precursors for the synthesis of metal sulfide nanoparticles .” 2005. Web. 20 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Moloto MJ. Synthesis and characterization of N-alkylthiourea and N, N -dialkylthiourea complexes of Cu, Cd and Pb, and their use as single source precursors for the synthesis of metal sulfide nanoparticles . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2005. [cited 2019 Feb 20]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/858.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Moloto MJ. Synthesis and characterization of N-alkylthiourea and N, N -dialkylthiourea complexes of Cu, Cd and Pb, and their use as single source precursors for the synthesis of metal sulfide nanoparticles . [Thesis]. University of Zululand; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10530/858

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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