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University of St. Andrews
1.
Thomson, Caroline L.
Study of phase-matching geometries in bulk and periodically-poled lithium niobate and their use in intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
.
Degree: 2012, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3024 
► This thesis describes the experimental implementation of novel intersecting cavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators based on bulk and periodically-poled magnesium oxide-doped lithium niobate. Both collinear…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes the experimental implementation of novel intersecting cavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators based on bulk and periodically-poled magnesium oxide-doped lithium niobate. Both collinear and non-collinear phase-matching geometries have been demonstrated and injection-seeding has been implemented in devices using periodically-poled
material to reduce threshold and increase the down-conversion efficiency. A comprehensive characterisation of the original intracavity terahertz OPO was
undertaken, which revealed the parameters having the greatest impact on OPO
efficiency (idler mirror reflectivity and cavity length) and led to a better
understanding of the losses in the system. During the characterisation process,
generation of further terahertz radiation at the same frequency as that generated
by the parametric process was observed and identified as being a result of
difference frequency generation (DFG) between the parametrically-generated
idler and terahertz waves. This phenomenon had previously only been observed
when periodically-poled materials were employed in the system. The effect of
this additional DFG process has been analysed in terms of the enhancement of
the terahertz field on the basis of the coupled wave equations and physically
measured quantities.
The use of periodically-poled lithium niobate has been a major part of the
research presented in this thesis.
A comprehensive study of the modified phase-matching conditions was carried out and both collinear and novel hybrid non-collinear phase-matching geometries were identified.
Several computer models were developed to assess the performance of any given grating design in these different geometries and the effects of temperature tuning and pump wavelength variation were also investigated using the models.
Experimental studies confirmed the viability of the modelling approach but material limitations (particularly the early onset of crystal damage) limited the outcomes of the experiments. A detailed comparison of the poled and bulk materials was made to highlight the present drawbacks of the poled material. Finally, injection seeding was used to improve the efficiency of the collinear phase-matched PPLN OPOs. When seeding was used the depletion of the pump
pulse was increased to the point of being measurable, reaching an upper level of
10%. Coupling constraints placed on the seed laser limited the amount of depletion attained. The potential for injection seeding to be used in the hybrid non-collinear phase-matching scheme was also identified but not realised during the course of this work. Were this technique successful, the tuning range of the intersecting cavity terahertz OPO could be extended to encompass the sub-1THz region, something that has previously been limited by the available idler cavity angles.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Terahertz;
Optical parametric oscillator;
PPLN;
Injection seeding;
Phase-matching
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APA (6th Edition):
Thomson, C. L. (2012). Study of phase-matching geometries in bulk and periodically-poled lithium niobate and their use in intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3024
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Thomson, Caroline L. “Study of phase-matching geometries in bulk and periodically-poled lithium niobate and their use in intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
.” 2012. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3024.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Thomson, Caroline L. “Study of phase-matching geometries in bulk and periodically-poled lithium niobate and their use in intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
.” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Thomson CL. Study of phase-matching geometries in bulk and periodically-poled lithium niobate and their use in intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3024.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Thomson CL. Study of phase-matching geometries in bulk and periodically-poled lithium niobate and their use in intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3024
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
2.
Walsh, David A.
Intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
.
Degree: 2011, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1713
► This thesis describes the design and implementation of several novel, nanosecond pulsed, intracavity optical parametric oscillators for the generation of terahertz radiation. The application of…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes the design and implementation of several novel, nanosecond
pulsed, intracavity optical parametric oscillators for the generation of terahertz
radiation. The application of the intracavity approach in the context of terahertz
optical parametric oscillators has been demonstrated for the first time, and the pump
wave energy required was thereby reduced by an order of magnitude. The terahertz
wave was tunable from under 1THz up to 3THz with a free running linewidth of
~50GHz and pulse energies up to ~20nJ (pulses were a few nanoseconds in duration).
The terahertz beam profile was of Gaussian shape and could be focussed down to 2.3
times the diffraction limited spot size (M² values of 2.3 and 6.7 in the components of
the beam parallel and perpendicular to the silicon prism array output coupler
respectively).
Developments of this intracavity source with regard to the linewidth are also reported.
Implementation of etalons in the optical (laser and OPO) cavities was shown to be a
promising technique that brings the terahertz linewidth down below 1GHz (close to
the transform limit of nanosecond pulses) while retaining the tuning range and beam
characteristics of the free running system. Close to Fourier transform limited pulses
were obtained (<100MHz linewidth) via an injection seeding technique, although with
significantly increased system complexity. A deleterious effect caused by the mode
beating of a multimode host laser was also discovered, in that sidebands were induced
on the seeded downconverted wave. This has wider implications in the field of
intracavity OPOs.
Finally, quasi-phasematching techniques implementing periodically poled lithium
niobate were investigated as a way to lower the downconversion threshold energy
requirement (by collinear propagation of the optical waves), and also to extract the
terahertz wave rapidly from the (highly absorbing in the terahertz region) lithium
niobate crystal. The existence of two phasematching solutions arising from the
bidirectionality of the grating vector was identified as a serious design constraint in
the context of an OPO where either solution can build up from noise photons, and so
prefers the solution with the lowest walkoff of the downconverted waves - possibly
resulting in unextractable terahertz radiation. Quasi-phasematching with an
orthogonal grating vector (with identical but opposite phasematching solutions) was demonstrated and cascaded downconversion processes observed and characterised.
These cascaded processes are permitted by the collinearality of the optical waves and
may allow efficiency improvements through overcoming the quantum defect limit.
This research has resulted in four peer reviewed papers in respected journals, and the
intracavity terahertz OPO has been licensed to a company who have commercialised
the technology (M Squared Lasers, Glasgow).
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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APA (6th Edition):
Walsh, D. A. (2011). Intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1713
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Walsh, David A. “Intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
.” 2011. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1713.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Walsh, David A. “Intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
.” 2011. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Walsh DA. Intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1713.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Walsh DA. Intracavity terahertz optical parametric oscillators
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1713
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
3.
Heering, Lea Christina.
A continuous wave, single frequency intracavity optical parametric oscillator based upon the twisted-mode technique
.
Degree: 2014, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11951
► This document summarises a study into the elimination of spatial hole burning in the pump field of a Nd:YAG and PPLN based Intracavity Optical Parametric…
(more)
▼ This document summarises a study into the elimination of spatial hole burning in the pump field of a Nd:YAG and PPLN based Intracavity Optical Parametric Oscillator (ICOPO), using the so-called ‘twisted-mode technique’. This approach relies on the manipulation of circulating field polarisation to achieve a spatially uniform electric field intensity throughout the laser gain material, thus removing the root of multi-longitudinal-mode oscillation in homogeneously broadened systems. During the course of this investigation the ‘twisted-mode’ technique was first applied to a basic 1μm Nd:YAG laser, where it proved very successful in facilitating single frequency operation. The laser cavity was then extended to accommodate the ICOPO, which delivered 93.9mW of mid-IR output for 3W of diode pump power. The implementation of the ‘twisted-mode’ technique was not found to have any significant impact on power performance of the device and once again offered substantial improvements in pump field spectral quality. Although the insertion of an etalon was necessary to achieve good frequency control, the associated drop in power was minimal compared to typical losses observed in etalon-narrowed standing-wave configurations. This can be attributed to both the low finesse that was required as well as the absence of gain unsaturated regions within the active medium, as would be observed in a spatially hole burnt system. Whilst further work will have to be carried out to optimise both the frequency behaviour and power performance of the device, the ‘twisted-mode’ technique shows clear potential as an approach to the development of a reliable, narrow line-width mid-IR spectroscopic source based on Intracavity OPO technology.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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APA (6th Edition):
Heering, L. C. (2014). A continuous wave, single frequency intracavity optical parametric oscillator based upon the twisted-mode technique
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11951
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Heering, Lea Christina. “A continuous wave, single frequency intracavity optical parametric oscillator based upon the twisted-mode technique
.” 2014. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11951.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Heering, Lea Christina. “A continuous wave, single frequency intracavity optical parametric oscillator based upon the twisted-mode technique
.” 2014. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Heering LC. A continuous wave, single frequency intracavity optical parametric oscillator based upon the twisted-mode technique
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11951.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Heering LC. A continuous wave, single frequency intracavity optical parametric oscillator based upon the twisted-mode technique
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11951
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
4.
Matthew, Shona.
The development and assessment of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of age- and disease-related changes in the human heart
.
Degree: 2012, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3558
► Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a term used to describe a variety of diseases and events that impact the heart and circulatory system. CVD is the…
(more)
▼ Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a term used to describe a variety of diseases and events that impact the heart and circulatory system. CVD is the United Kingdom’s (UKs) biggest killer, causing more than 50,000 premature deaths each year. Early recognition of the potential for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to provide a versatile, non-ionising, non-invasive, technique for the assessment of CVD resulted in the modality becoming an area of intense interest in the research, radiology and cardiology communities. The first half of this thesis reviews some of the key developments in magnetic resonance hardware and software that have led to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) emerging as a reliable and reproducible tool, with a range of applications ideally suited for the evaluation of cardiac morphology, function, viability, valvular disease, perfusion, and congenital cardiomyopathies. In addition to this, the advantages and challenges of imaging at 3.0T in comparison to 1.5T are discussed. The second half of this thesis presents a number of investigations that were specifically designed to explore the capability of CMRI to accurately detect subtle age and disease related changes in the human heart. Our investigations begin with a study at 1.5T that explores the clinical and scientific significance of the less frequently used measure of right ventricular function to test the hypothesis that the inclusion of this data provides a more informative assessment of overall cardiac function. The focus then shifts to imaging at 3.0T and the challenges of optimising cardiac imaging at this field strength are discussed. Normal quantitative parameters of cardiac function are established at this field strength for the left ventricle and the left atrium of local volunteers. These values are used to investigate disease related changes in left ventricle and left atrium of distinct patient cohorts. This work concludes by investigating the impact of gadolinium-based contrast agents on the quantitative parameters of cardiac function.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor), Lerski, Richard (advisor), Houston, Graeme (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Cardiac;
Magnetic resonance
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Matthew, S. (2012). The development and assessment of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of age- and disease-related changes in the human heart
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3558
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Matthew, Shona. “The development and assessment of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of age- and disease-related changes in the human heart
.” 2012. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3558.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Matthew, Shona. “The development and assessment of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of age- and disease-related changes in the human heart
.” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Matthew S. The development and assessment of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of age- and disease-related changes in the human heart
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3558.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Matthew S. The development and assessment of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of age- and disease-related changes in the human heart
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3558
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
5.
Zhang, Jun.
Nonlinear frequency conversion of a continuous-wave, laser diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser
.
Degree: 1996, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13718
► A continuous-wave, frequency-doubled, diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser, capable of generating 1-W of single-frequency radiation at 523.5 nm, with a linewidth of 10 kHz and frequency tunability…
(more)
▼ A continuous-wave, frequency-doubled, diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser, capable of generating 1-W of single-frequency radiation at 523.5 nm, with a linewidth of 10 kHz and frequency tunability of 9 GHz has been developed. By using the tunable green laser as pump source, 4.5 GHz continuous smooth tuning in the range of 10
20 - 10
70 nm has been demonstrated in a low threshold doubly-resonant optical parametric oscillator. The investigation of thermal effect in the end-pump Nd:YLF laser crystal and the consideration of diode array end-pump geometry have led to an optimum folded-cavity design. Such an optical resonator can eliminate the astigmatism in the laser output, which is induced by the cavity folding on a curved mirror and the anisotropic thermal effect in Nd:YLF, resulting in a circular fundamental laser mode. In addition, a tightly focused beam waist is produced inside the cavity so that efficient intracavity SHG can be achieved. Over 30% optical conversion efficiency from diode to TEM00 10
47 nm laser output and 10% conversion efficiency from diode to single-frequency SHG green radiation has been demonstrated. A novel intracavity birefringent filter frequency selection technique has been applied in the standing-wave laser resonator to achieve the single-frequency operation. The performances of the laser in the fundamental wave and in second harmonic generation are investigated in detail in this thesis. The tuning behaviour and stability requirements of type-I and type-II CW doubly-resonant OPO have been compared by using the above green laser as the pump source and LBO, KTP as nonlinear crystals. Through utilisation of a simple cavity length servo, type-II phase matching allows single signal-idler mode-pair operation. By means of pump frequency tuning, and cavity length servo control, the output of signal and idler frequency can be tuned continuously over the KTP crystal phase-matching range. Theoretical analyses on diode-end-pumped Nd:YLF lasers, intracavity frequency doubling, the novel intracavity birefringent filter, and the timing behaviour and stability requirements of single cavity DRO are also presented in this work.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Zhang, J. (1996). Nonlinear frequency conversion of a continuous-wave, laser diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13718
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhang, Jun. “Nonlinear frequency conversion of a continuous-wave, laser diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser
.” 1996. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13718.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhang, Jun. “Nonlinear frequency conversion of a continuous-wave, laser diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser
.” 1996. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Zhang J. Nonlinear frequency conversion of a continuous-wave, laser diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1996. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13718.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Zhang J. Nonlinear frequency conversion of a continuous-wave, laser diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1996. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13718
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
6.
Henderson, Angus.
Studies of optical parametric oscillators for the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions
.
Degree: 1993, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14951
► The work described herein concerns the characterisation and development of optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) tunable in the ultraviolet, visible and near infrared regions. These devices…
(more)
▼ The work described herein concerns the characterisation and development of optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) tunable in the ultraviolet, visible and near infrared regions. These devices were pumped by the 308nm output from line-narrowed Xenon Chloride excimer lasers of pulse energy up to 150mJ. The behaviour of Type 2 phase-matched Urea, and Type 1 phase-matched Barium Borate OPOs in terms of oscillation threshold and conversion efficiency, has been explored. The detrimental effects of pump beam walkoff on the threshold of the critically phase-matched Barium Borate OPO have been quantified. It was found that minimum 17ns pulse energies of 5mJ were required to reach threshold in a device based on a crystal of 20mm length. By contrast, noncritically phase-matched Urea OPOs using crystal lengths of 25mm were operated with as little as 0.6mJ pump energy. A deterioration in performance was observed in both cases with decreasing pump beam waist. Maximum pump depletions of 72% and 64% were observed in Urea and BBO respectively. The useful output from the urea device reached 65%, while higher absorption/scattering losses meant that the useful fraction in BBO was very much lower. Two different types of noncollinear phase-matching were studied in the BBO-OPO. The first recorded observation of operation of a Type 1 OPO at crystal angles beyond the degenerate wavelength point was made. The output took the form of two concentric rings and was attributed to simultaneous singly and doubly resonant operation. Finally, single longitudinal mode operation of the BBO-OPO was demonstrated using a dispersive cavity arrangement. The widely varying inherent linewidth of the device required that different strategies be adopted over different wavelength ranges. Encouraging performance in terms of threshold was observed using the dispersive cavity, and the feasibility of using this device as a low-power first stage for an oscillator/amplifier set-up was studied.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Henderson, A. (1993). Studies of optical parametric oscillators for the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14951
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Henderson, Angus. “Studies of optical parametric oscillators for the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions
.” 1993. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14951.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Henderson, Angus. “Studies of optical parametric oscillators for the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions
.” 1993. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Henderson A. Studies of optical parametric oscillators for the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1993. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14951.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Henderson A. Studies of optical parametric oscillators for the ultraviolet and visible spectral regions
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1993. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14951
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
7.
Heering, Lea Christina.
Narrow-linewidth, widely tunable intracavity optical parametric oscillators for mid-infrared spectroscopy
.
Degree: 2019, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18777
Record Details
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Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Heering, L. C. (2019). Narrow-linewidth, widely tunable intracavity optical parametric oscillators for mid-infrared spectroscopy
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18777
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Heering, Lea Christina. “Narrow-linewidth, widely tunable intracavity optical parametric oscillators for mid-infrared spectroscopy
.” 2019. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18777.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Heering, Lea Christina. “Narrow-linewidth, widely tunable intracavity optical parametric oscillators for mid-infrared spectroscopy
.” 2019. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Heering LC. Narrow-linewidth, widely tunable intracavity optical parametric oscillators for mid-infrared spectroscopy
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18777.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Heering LC. Narrow-linewidth, widely tunable intracavity optical parametric oscillators for mid-infrared spectroscopy
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18777
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
8.
Gallaher, Nigel R.
Narrow linewidth, diode laser pumped, solid state lasers
.
Degree: 1994, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13717
► The design, construction, evaluation and development of an all solid state, narrow linewidth laser source is presented. The narrow linewidth laser system was based on…
(more)
▼ The design, construction, evaluation and development of an all solid state, narrow linewidth laser source is presented. The narrow linewidth laser system was based on a miniature standing wave Nd:YAG laser cavity, end-pumped with 100mW of 809nm light from a fibre coupled GaAlAs diode laser array. This basic CW laser generated up to 30mW at 1064nm in a single, diffraction limited transverse mode (TEM00) but multi-longitudinal mode output beam. The laser had a pump power threshold of 24mW and an optical to optical slope efficiency of 39%. A simple rate equation based numerical model of this laser was developed to allow various design parameters such as length of Nd:YAG gain medium and amount of output coupling to be optimised. Excellent agreement between the numerical model predictions of the output power as a function of input pump power and experimental data from the optimised multi-longitudinal mode laser was obtained. To restrict this laser to operate on a single longitudinal mode, twisted cavity mode and intracavity etalon, mode selecting techniques were investigated. Both methods were found to produce reliable single mode laser operation and resulted in output powers at the 10mW level. The relative free running frequency stability between a pair of single longitudinal mode diode laser pumped Nd:YAG lasers was investigated. By isolating these lasers from environmental noise using a small, custom built anechoic chamber the linewidth of the optical heterodyne signal between the two free running lasers was reduced from tens of megahertz to around 10kHz measured on a millisecond time scale. Further improvement in linewidth was achieved by actively locking the laser frequency to a novel ultra high finesse (F~12,500, free spectral range ~500MHz) spherical mirror Fabry-Perot reference interferometer using the technique of Pound-Drever locking. The locked laser displayed a maximum frequency deviation of only 1kHz from the centre of the reference cavity transmission and a frequency noise spectral density of ~20Hz/ √Hz at 1kHz. In one of the first reported demonstrations of an all solid state injection seeded laser system, this single frequency laser was used to injection seed a diode laser array, transversely pumped, Q-switched Nd:YAG laser to produce 0.25mJ, 35ns pulses in a single longitudinal, single transverse mode beam. Preliminary results on injection locking between two single frequency diode laser pumped Nd:YAG laser are also reported. A novel frequency stabilisation scheme based on resonant optical feedback locking iproposed and some preliminary experimental work on this technique is presented.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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APA (6th Edition):
Gallaher, N. R. (1994). Narrow linewidth, diode laser pumped, solid state lasers
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13717
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gallaher, Nigel R. “Narrow linewidth, diode laser pumped, solid state lasers
.” 1994. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13717.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gallaher, Nigel R. “Narrow linewidth, diode laser pumped, solid state lasers
.” 1994. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Gallaher NR. Narrow linewidth, diode laser pumped, solid state lasers
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1994. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13717.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Gallaher NR. Narrow linewidth, diode laser pumped, solid state lasers
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1994. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13717
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
9.
Ebrahimzadeh, M. (Majid).
Optical parametric oscillators pumped by excimer lasers
.
Degree: 1990, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14164
► This thesis describes the development of a new generation of pulsed optical parametric oscillators (OPO's) based on two new non-linear materials, urea and beta-BaB2O4 (or…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes the development of a new generation of pulsed optical parametric oscillators (OPO's) based on two new non-linear materials, urea and beta-BaB2O4 (or BBO), and pumped by a new class of laser pump sources, namely, excimer lasers, to provide broadly tunable coherent radiation in new regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, particularly in the ultraviolet and the visible, which have previously been inaccessible. The laser pump source used during this work was a pulsed ultraviolet XeCl excimer laser operating at 308nm. Because of the stringent demands on the pump beam quality (with regard to both spatial and spectral coherence) for successful operation of OPO's, the pump laser was designed and constructed as an injection-seeded system, to provide a narrow-linewidth, near-diffraction-limited output beam, with sufficiently high peak powers to enable OPO operation. In this way, we were able to obtain an output beam with a linewidth ≤ 0.2cm-1, and a full-angle of divergence as low as 60muR (~3 times the diffraction limit). The maximum energy available from the pump laser was 30mJ, in pulses measuring typically 10ns in duration. The output beam was also linearly polarised to better than 95%, and the pulse repetition rate was 1 Hz. In the early part of this work, we used the constructed pump laser to investigate spontaneous parametric fluorescence in a home-grown urea sample, in order to characterise the crystal, and to compare the observed spectrum with the calculated OPO tuning curves. The results of these experiments were found to be in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The main thrust of the project, however, was the development of an OPO based on urea as the non-linear medium and pumped at 308nm by the narrowband XeCl excimer laser. We were successful in constructing such an OPO, using an 8-mm-long, home-grown crystal, and were able to generate, continuously tunable output from 572 to 667nm, with a 2.5% energy conversion efficiency. The timing range of the device was later extended to 537-720nm, by utilising a 15-mm-long, home-grown urea sample, and its conversion efficiency was improved to as high as 37% at 90° phase-matching, with ≥ 10% efficiency over a 100-nm range in the visible (from 570 to 670nm). Finally, in an effort to achieve even higher efficiencies, we performed experiments in a 25-mm-long commercial urea crystal, and demonstrated exceptionally high external energy conversion efficiencies of up to 66%, with evidence of even higher levels of pump depletion (as high as 85%) at 90° phase-matching. The latter part of the project was concerned with the design and development of a similar device based on the new non-linear material, beta-BaB2O4, to provide continuously tunable radiation over a much broader tuning range, particularly in the blue and the near ultraviolet, not accessed by the urea OPO. We used a 12-mm-long commercially available beta-BaB2O4 crystal to construct this OPO, and successfully operated this device over the entire wavelength range from 354nm…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Ebrahimzadeh, M. (. (1990). Optical parametric oscillators pumped by excimer lasers
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14164
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ebrahimzadeh, M (Majid). “Optical parametric oscillators pumped by excimer lasers
.” 1990. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14164.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ebrahimzadeh, M (Majid). “Optical parametric oscillators pumped by excimer lasers
.” 1990. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ebrahimzadeh M(. Optical parametric oscillators pumped by excimer lasers
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1990. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14164.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ebrahimzadeh M(. Optical parametric oscillators pumped by excimer lasers
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1990. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14164
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
10.
Robertson, Gordon.
Optical parametric oscillators : a comparison of new materials
.
Degree: 1993, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6487
► A study of new materials for optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) was carried out using an XeCI excimer laser as a pump source. The three non-linear…
(more)
▼ A study of new materials for optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) was carried out using an XeCI excimer laser as a pump source. The three non-linear optical materials studied were lithium borate (LBO), deuterated L-arginine phosphate (d-LAP) and β-barium borate (BBO). These optical parametric oscillators were characterised for oscillation thresholds, tuning ranges, linewidths and efficiencies.
A novel device in LBO was demonstrated, using the non-critically phase matched type
II geometry. The device displayed a low oscillation threshold, which was independent of pump beam area thus made it attractive for use with low energy pump sources. The
device was also shown to have a narrow inherent linewidth, oscillating on only one or two axial modes.
Other geometries in LBO were also explored. The type I critical geometry displayed a
very large tuning range covering the near ultra-violet, the visible and the near infra-red spectral regions. The type IT yz geometry was also studied.
An OPO in d-LAP was demonstrated for the first time. The device was tunable in the
blue/green spectral region and also in the near infra-red. A low threshold was observed for large beam sizes. Optically induced damage caused by the ultra-violet pump was also encountered.
A comparison of the thresholds, efficiencies and tuning ranges of the three materials,
LBO, d-LAP and BBO, was made and the suitability of each material for use in a line-narrowed oscillator discussed. Although possessing the largest linewidth, BBO was
found to be the best suited due to its low oscillation threshold and large tunability. A
single axial mode BBO OPO was demonstrated that was tunable from 385 nm to 560 nm and from 2300 nm to 684 nm. The line-narrowed OPO was then used for linewidth
control of other devices. Firstly, an injection seeded OPO was demonstrated and the
device was characterised for threshold and linewidth. Secondly, the line-narrowed OPO
was used to seed an optical parametric amplifier (OPA). Single pass gains of ~20 were observed from the OPA.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Robertson, G. (1993). Optical parametric oscillators : a comparison of new materials
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6487
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Robertson, Gordon. “Optical parametric oscillators : a comparison of new materials
.” 1993. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6487.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Robertson, Gordon. “Optical parametric oscillators : a comparison of new materials
.” 1993. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Robertson G. Optical parametric oscillators : a comparison of new materials
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1993. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6487.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Robertson G. Optical parametric oscillators : a comparison of new materials
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1993. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6487
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
11.
Bastow, Stephen John.
A study of the production and application of nonlinear materials for use in frequency doubled dye lasers
.
Degree: 1986, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13712
► A selection of nonlinear materials for use in various frequency-doubled dye lasers is studied. Lithium Formate Monohydrate is operated intracavity in a Coumarin 102 dye…
(more)
▼ A selection of nonlinear materials for use in various frequency-doubled dye lasers is studied. Lithium Formate Monohydrate is operated intracavity in a Coumarin 102 dye laser for the first time. A maximum of 70 microwatts of tunable ultraviolet light was generated over the range 237nm to 24Snm, representing an improvement of an order of magnitude on previously reported work with this material. A pulsed xenon ion laser of high efficiency has been built and the design optimised, giving an output power of 185W. The laser is used to pump a Rhodamine 6G dye laser containing a crystal of Ammonium Dihydrogen Arsenate, to generate 280 milliwatts of tunable UV over the range 291nm to 297nm and this is the first time that a detailed study of this type of laser has been reported. A crystal growing system for water based crystals is described. A crystal of Urea grown in the apparatus has been cut for use in a dye laser and tested with the beam from an argon ion laser. A value of the nonlinear coefficient d14 of 0.90pm/V is reported.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Bastow, S. J. (1986). A study of the production and application of nonlinear materials for use in frequency doubled dye lasers
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13712
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bastow, Stephen John. “A study of the production and application of nonlinear materials for use in frequency doubled dye lasers
.” 1986. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13712.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bastow, Stephen John. “A study of the production and application of nonlinear materials for use in frequency doubled dye lasers
.” 1986. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Bastow SJ. A study of the production and application of nonlinear materials for use in frequency doubled dye lasers
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1986. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13712.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Bastow SJ. A study of the production and application of nonlinear materials for use in frequency doubled dye lasers
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1986. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13712
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
12.
Rahlff, Christian.
Diode-laser pumped, high-repetition-rate, Nd:YLF laser and its frequency conversion
.
Degree: 1996, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13763
► This thesis describes the development of a continuous-wave (cw), diode pumped, repetitively Q-switched Nd:YLF laser, and its application as a pump source for non-linear optical…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes the development of a continuous-wave (cw), diode pumped, repetitively Q-switched Nd:YLF laser, and its application as a pump source for non-linear optical frequency converters and optical parametric oscillators (OPO's), with typical pulse widths of several tens of nanoseconds and repetition rates in the kHz region. At the core of this thesis is the proposal and realisation of a novel rhombic Nd:YLF slab geometry, which is pumped by two 20W cw AlGaAs diode arrays, each focused by means of 3 lenses into a folded resonator path. The novelty of this adaptation is that it uses Yttrium Lithium Fluoride (YLF), known for its comparatively low tensile strength, as the Neodymium host crystal, by addressing and solving the thermal stress fracture problem in YLF for pump powers up to 20W per surface in an end-pumped configuration. With the excellent beam quality, high average output power and short pulses achieved, Nd:YLF has been established as an excellent material for high density, diode pumped, Q-switched lasers at 1047nm. With identical slabs coated for 1321nm operation also available, the performance and laser parameters such as crossection, linewidth and thermal lensing for these two transitions were compared. The pronounced change in the thermal lensing of the 1321nm transition led to an investigation of excited state upconversion (ESA) in Nd:YLF at 1047 and 1321nm under cw and Q-switched operation. The excellent access to the pumped volume made not only a time dependent spectral analysis of the visible and near UV fluorescence bands possible, but also permitted a spatial analysis of the different up-conversion areas. This pump density and laser transition dependent loss mechanism has implications on the end-effect governed lensing, upper state lifetime and Q-switched pulse form. The low threshold, high repetition rate conversion schemes realised during this thesis expanded the spectral cover of the 1mum pump laser from the near UV (349nm) at one end of the spectrum over the green (523.5nm) and 1.5mum region up to the near infrared at 3.445mum. The progress in this area lies not in the well known phase match configuration of the materials used such as KTP, KTA and LBO, but in the adaptation of these nonlinear converters and non-critically phase matched (NCPM) OPO's to achieve high conversion efficiencies at low pulse energies (typically less than 1mJ, 40kW). With average output powers in the green of 3W (~60% conversion from the IR at 6kHz repetition rate), 750mW in the UV, IW at 1.54mum and 280mW at 3.44mum it has been demonstrated that the high average output power of the repetitively Q-switched system can be preserved in the up- and down-converted radiation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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APA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Rahlff, C. (1996). Diode-laser pumped, high-repetition-rate, Nd:YLF laser and its frequency conversion
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13763
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rahlff, Christian. “Diode-laser pumped, high-repetition-rate, Nd:YLF laser and its frequency conversion
.” 1996. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13763.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rahlff, Christian. “Diode-laser pumped, high-repetition-rate, Nd:YLF laser and its frequency conversion
.” 1996. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Rahlff C. Diode-laser pumped, high-repetition-rate, Nd:YLF laser and its frequency conversion
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1996. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13763.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Rahlff C. Diode-laser pumped, high-repetition-rate, Nd:YLF laser and its frequency conversion
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1996. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13763
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
13.
Rae, Cameron Francis.
Novel configurations for pulsed optical parametric oscillators and their pump sources
.
Degree: 1998, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14948
► The development of all-solid-state, diode-laser pumped neodymium (Nd) lasers and optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) is described, which realise practical sources of coherent radiation with a…
(more)
▼ The development of all-solid-state, diode-laser pumped neodymium (Nd) lasers and optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) is described, which realise practical sources of coherent radiation with a high degree of frequency agility, are efficient, reliable and potentially compact. A comparison of various neodymium doped host materials reveals yttrium lithium fluoride (YLF) to be an appropriate replacement for the more widely known host yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) in diode-laser pumped devices. The development of an end-pumped Nd:YLF laser that utilises a 12-mJ, 60W, quasi-CW diode-laser bar is initially described. Multilongitudinal-mode, TEM00 pulse energies of greater than 2 mJ have been observed, with corresponding peak output powers in excess of 118 kW. The incorporation of a novel pre-lase Q-switching technique has realised single-longitudinal-mode peak powers in excess of 90 kW continuing to be achieved. Further, the development of a more powerful end- pumped Nd:YLF laser utilising 2, 3-bar diode-laser arrays, each providing 72-mJ of pump energy is described. In this case, Q-switched, multilongitudinal-mode, TEM00 pulse energies of greater than 11 mJ are reported, with the clear potential for increasing this to greater than 20 mJ, based on measured fixed-Q pulse energies of greater than 30 mJ. Complementing the development of these diode-laser pumped solid-state lasers is the development of optical parametric oscillators based on the nonlinear materials lithium triborate (LBO) and beta-barium borate (?-BBO). Pumped by the frequency up-converted (third harmonic) output of the mid laser, such optical parametric oscillators introduce extensive frequency agility spanning a spectral range from the deep blue (0.4 mum) to the mid-infrared (2.5 mum). Initially, the development of an LBO based device is reported, which in a type I critical phase- match (CPM) geometry has a measured oscillation threshold of <0.3 mJ, when pumped by the frequency tripled output of the 144-mJ diode-laser pumped Nd:YLF laser at 0.349 mum. Observed pump depletions are as high as 35%. A similar CPM geometry is reported in beta-BBO, in this case pumped by the frequency tripled and amplified output of a diode-laser pumped Nd:YAG laser at 0.355 mum. This is a more energetic device with thresholds of >5 mJ, but through the introduction of interferometric, dispersive and injection seeding techniques made to operate on a single axial mode. Near transform limited linewidths are reported in devices which continue to have modest pump thresholds and broad tunability. The parametric generation of broad spectral bandwidths (polychromatic) by the use of suitable phase-matching geometries is also reported. Greater than 100 nm simultaneous bandwidth in the visible spectrum is generated in a collimated signal-wave from a novel, noncollinear phase-matching geometry in a beta-BBO optical parametric oscillator, which is pumped by the collimated output of frequency tripled diode-laser pumped Nd:YAG laser. The device is demonstrated to be efficient, having a similar…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Rae, C. F. (1998). Novel configurations for pulsed optical parametric oscillators and their pump sources
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14948
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rae, Cameron Francis. “Novel configurations for pulsed optical parametric oscillators and their pump sources
.” 1998. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14948.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rae, Cameron Francis. “Novel configurations for pulsed optical parametric oscillators and their pump sources
.” 1998. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Rae CF. Novel configurations for pulsed optical parametric oscillators and their pump sources
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1998. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14948.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Rae CF. Novel configurations for pulsed optical parametric oscillators and their pump sources
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1998. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14948
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
14.
Lusty, Michael E.
Temporal and frequency characteristics of distributed feedback dye lasers
.
Degree: 1989, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14312
► Previous studies of distributed feedback dye lasers (DFDL's) have identified that the linewidth of the device scales, to a first approximation, with the level of…
(more)
▼ Previous studies of distributed feedback dye lasers (DFDL's) have identified that the linewidth of the device scales, to a first approximation, with the level of pumping employed. A more recent development is that the DFDL can be used to produce single ultrashort pulses. To produce such pulses the main requirement is that the laser is operated close to its threshold. An apparent contradiction exists here since, by lowering the pump power to achieve narrow linewidth operation, the near threshold region must be avoided since pulsing operation acts to increase the linewidth (to at least the Fourier transform of the pulse duration). This thesis further investigates the mechanisms which contribute to the temporal and linewidth properties of the laser. It is identified that by judicious choice of operating conditions a regime exists where the DFDL may be operated with a linewidth approaching that of the transform limit for the nanosecond pulse durations involved. After introducing the different types of distributed feedback lasers the thesis first reviews previously understood DFDL behaviour. Different DFDL geometries are considered with a view to their particular temporal and linewidth properties. A strategy for the development of a narrow linewidth DFDL is presented. The experimental laser system is described detailing the operation and characteristics of the frequency doubled Q switched Nd:YAG pump laser and the two different DFDL geometries. A high resolution computer aided interferometry (CAIN) system is described which provided single shot linewidth measurements. This system was used extensively in the experiments reported. DFDL linewidth is seen to depend on the thermo-optical properties of the dye's host solvent and as such a full characterization of commonly used solvents is presented. The temporal behaviour of the laser is considered theoretically with the aid of a coupled rate equation model which describes the interplay between the population inversion and the cavity photon flux. The model is used to predict short (picosecond) and smooth (nanosecond) pulse operation of the laser. Finally, a description of and the results obtained from various experimental investigations into the DFDL are presented. Temporal analysis, using a streak camera, revealed that, as expected, under certain circumstances multiple pulsing of picosecond duration could occur. Different conditions however, lead to narrow linewidth (~100 MHz) operation. A description of the two operating regimes is presented and these are related to the particular parameters involved e.g. the grating length or the level of pumping employed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Lusty, M. E. (1989). Temporal and frequency characteristics of distributed feedback dye lasers
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14312
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lusty, Michael E. “Temporal and frequency characteristics of distributed feedback dye lasers
.” 1989. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14312.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lusty, Michael E. “Temporal and frequency characteristics of distributed feedback dye lasers
.” 1989. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Lusty ME. Temporal and frequency characteristics of distributed feedback dye lasers
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1989. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14312.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Lusty ME. Temporal and frequency characteristics of distributed feedback dye lasers
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1989. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14312
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
15.
Colville, F.G. (FinlayG.).
An analysis of the performance characteristics of continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators
.
Degree: 1995, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14887
► This thesis gives a description of studies relating to the development of continuous-wave (cw) optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) and their application to schemes that require…
(more)
▼ This thesis gives a description of studies relating to the development of continuous-wave (cw) optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) and their application to schemes that require high-precision, narrow-linewidth, and frequency-tunable radiation. There are three separate aims to the work presented within this thesis. First, the requirements on pump sources, nonlinear materials, OPO cavity resonances and phase-matching geometries are analysed with a view to operating cw OPOs with stability above threshold. Second, the results of four distinct experiments are outlined, compared to theory, and discussed within the general context of cw OPO development. Third, this thesis is the first comprehensive review of the above-mentioned performance characteristics of cw OPOs, and focuses on their role as optical frequency dividers within frequency synthesis chains spanning the optical spectrum. The modelling sections highlight the importance of cavity resonances in cw OPOs when evaluating pump power thresholds, conversion efficiencies, and mode-selection properties. Simultaneous signal and idler cavity resonances are shown to be critical when relying upon cw laser sources to reach OPO threshold powers. Such arrangements require the use of stable pump lasers and servo-locked OPO cavity lengths to maintain this doubleresonance condition. There is an in-depth analysis of OPO cavity geometries that can generate frequency-stable and continuously-tunable outputs. The selection of nonlinear materials for cw OPOs is also considered with regard to providing signal and idler frequencies in integral-related frequency ratios, thereby satisfying an important requirement within optical frequency division techniques. Four specific experiments were designed to address many of the issues raised within the modelling sections. These experiments realized the following novel arrangements; the use of lithium triborate as a gain material within cw OPOs; a cw OPO which used a pump source operating in the ultraviolet spectral region; the highest frequency output from a cw OPO; a cw OPO which used a tunable pump source operating in the near infra-red spectral region; multiple parameter pump / OPO coarse frequency tuning; a non- degenerate type II cw OPO phase-matching geometry; and a dual-cavity doubly-resonant cw OPO. Other notable features of the experimental designs included stabilized single-frequency output from a single-cavity cw OPO geometry, continuous frequency tuning from a dual-cavity, doubly-resonant OPO resonator, and the general characteristics of low pump power thresholds and moderate conversion efficiencies. An important feature discussed in detail throughout the thesis is the comparison between type I and type II phase-matching geometries. These two cases give rise to different polarization states for the signal and idler fields within OPO cavities. Type II phase-matching geometries are shown, both in theory and experiments, to be preferable to equivalent type I geometries, when considering stable OPO operation, fine frequency tuning, and…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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APA (6th Edition):
Colville, F. G. (. ). (1995). An analysis of the performance characteristics of continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14887
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Colville, F G (FinlayG ). “An analysis of the performance characteristics of continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators
.” 1995. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14887.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Colville, F G (FinlayG ). “An analysis of the performance characteristics of continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators
.” 1995. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Colville FG(). An analysis of the performance characteristics of continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1995. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14887.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Colville FG(). An analysis of the performance characteristics of continuous-wave optical parametric oscillators
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1995. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14887
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
16.
Tang, Yan.
Applications of nonlinear optics to the development of all-solid-state sources of tunable light.
Degree: 1997, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14949
► This thesis describes the development of singly-resonant optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) based on the nonlinear material KTP (potassium titanyl phosphate), and used to provide tunable…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes the development of singly-resonant optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) based on the nonlinear material KTP (potassium titanyl phosphate), and used to provide tunable light in the infrared, with low oscillation threshold and high efficiency. Further, the generation of tunable red light by the frequency mixing of the signal wave from the OPO with the pump wave in a non-critical temperature phase-matched lithium triborate crystal (LBO) is reported. We believe this is the first demonstration of such an application of LBO. Two diode-pumped solid-state lasers were used as the pump sources. One was an electro-optically Q-switched Nd:YLF laser which provided high peak power (~600 kW) pulses; and the other one was an acousto-optically Q-switched slab-geometry Nd:YLF laser which provided high repetition rate (1~10 kHz) a.nd low peak power(<30 kW) pulses. A second version of the acousto-optically Q-switched slab-geometry Nd:YLF laser was designed and constructed with improvements in the pump module and cooling system so as to be much more compact and easier to control. In the first stage of this work, two theoretical models were constructed. One was a model for pump threshold of singly-resonant OPOs for the case of focused Gaussian beams, and was based on Guha's theory. The second one was a model for conversion efficiency of singly-resonant OPOs, for the case of plane waves with pump depletion, and was derived from the coupled wave equations. In the second stage of this work, the effects of beam focusing and Poynting vector walk-off on pump threshold and conversion efficiency for OPOs were extensively studied theoretically and experimentally. Experimental results were found to be in good agreement with theory. The high pump threshold of the critically phase-matched KTP OPO led to several other pump configurations being considered, including intracavity OPOs, cylindrical focusing, and donble-pass of the pump. As a result of the KTP OPO study, very low pump thresholds were achieved in both non-critical phase-matched (NCPM) and critical phase-matched (CPM) KTP OPOs by using long crystal in both intracavity OPOs and the double-pass-pump configuration. Maximum external conversion efficiency from pump to signal was demonstrated to be 37% for the NCPM OPO and 40% for the CPM OPO. The signal wavelength tuning ranges were observed to be 1.54-1.56 mum from the NCPM KTP OPO, and 1.58-1.8 mum from the CPM KTP OPO. In the final stage of this work, the temperature phase-matching properties of LBO were investigated with the use of our measured thermo-optical coefficients of LBO. A particularly interesting result of the investigation is the possibility of sum-frequency generation in non-critically phase-matched LBO with temperature tuning giving considerable wavelength ranges for both the type I and type II geometries. Experimentally, we demonstrated tunalile red light generation by sum-frequency mixing of the 1 mum pump wave and the signal wave of the KTP OPO with an over all conversion efficiency of more than 13%. The…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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APA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Tang, Y. (1997). Applications of nonlinear optics to the development of all-solid-state sources of tunable light.
(Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14949
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tang, Yan. “Applications of nonlinear optics to the development of all-solid-state sources of tunable light.
” 1997. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14949.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tang, Yan. “Applications of nonlinear optics to the development of all-solid-state sources of tunable light.
” 1997. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Tang Y. Applications of nonlinear optics to the development of all-solid-state sources of tunable light.
[Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1997. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14949.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Tang Y. Applications of nonlinear optics to the development of all-solid-state sources of tunable light.
[Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1997. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14949
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
17.
Ross, Mark.
An embedded control and display system for a laser-based mid-infrared hyperspectral imager
.
Degree: 2009, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/731
► Back-scatter absorption gas imaging (BAGI) is a powerful laser-based detection technique whereby the strong spectroscopic absorption features in the gaseous species of interest are exploited…
(more)
▼ Back-scatter absorption gas imaging (BAGI) is a powerful laser-based detection technique whereby the strong spectroscopic absorption features in the gaseous species of interest are exploited in order to provide an image of the otherwise invisible (to the naked eye) gas. Such a device had been under development at the
University of
St.
Andrews for the past three years. This thesis is concerned with the work carried out in the design, construction and testing of an electronic supervisory system for such a device to both control the electro-mechanical image acquisition hardware and display the image data upon an LCD module via an on-board video driver. Two different LCD display technologies, super twisted nematic (STN) and thin film transistor (TFT), have been demonstrated and their suitability for use in this system is assessed. It was found that the refresh rate and contrast ratio of the TFT display was greatly superior to that of the STN. Frame rates in excess of 10 fps have been demonstrated with this module. In addition to the scanner, a laser management system (LMS) was designed, constructed and tested to control the laser illumination system, which is based on an intracavity optical parametric oscillator (ICOPO). This involved the development of a dual-channel PID temperature controller to stabilise various optical components located within the ICOPO illumination source, a digitally-controlled constant current source to drive the pump diode laser and a digitally controlled system for an associated Q-switch driver module. The LMS was developed as part of the miniaturisation process and resulted in one dedicated instrument replacing six individual devices required in the laboratory demonstrator. The BAGI device has now been commercialised with elements of this research program being part of the overall instrument.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Embedded control oscillators;
Mid-infrared;
Methane;
Parametric process;
Intracavity optical parametric oscillator;
Q switch;
Constant current supply;
Graphic lcd controller;
Graphic LCD panel;
Passive matrix;
Active matrix;
Stepper motor control;
Galvanometer;
Laser management system;
Temperature tuning;
Nonlinear crystal;
PID control
Record Details
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Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Ross, M. (2009). An embedded control and display system for a laser-based mid-infrared hyperspectral imager
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/731
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ross, Mark. “An embedded control and display system for a laser-based mid-infrared hyperspectral imager
.” 2009. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/731.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ross, Mark. “An embedded control and display system for a laser-based mid-infrared hyperspectral imager
.” 2009. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ross M. An embedded control and display system for a laser-based mid-infrared hyperspectral imager
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/731.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ross M. An embedded control and display system for a laser-based mid-infrared hyperspectral imager
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/731
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
18.
Hong, Junhua.
Diode laser pumped Nd : YAG laser for 946-nm and its frequency doubling
.
Degree: 1992, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13715
► The development of a pulsed all-solid-state blue laser system is described in this thesis. The laser system was constructed on the basis of the latest…
(more)
▼ The development of a pulsed all-solid-state blue laser system is described in this thesis. The laser system was constructed on the basis of the latest diode laser pumping technology and the availability of the nonlinear material, potassium niobate, in single crystals of high optical quality. With the advantages of diode laser pumping, the 946-nm line in Nd:YAG was successfully made to lase at room temperature, both in cw and Q-switched operation. By frequency doubling the Q-switched 946-nm pulses in a KNbO3 nonlinear crystal, pulses of coherent blue light at a wavelength of 473 nm were obtained with high conversion efficiency. The 946 nm laser line differs from the more usual transitions used in the Nd:YAG laser in having a lower laser level in the ground state manifold. As a result it experiences significant reabsorption loss due to the (thermally excited) lower level population. Because of this reabsorption loss, the length of the crystal is an important parameter, and as a result of a trade-off between the pumping efficiency and the reabsorption loss, there is an optimum crystal length for every pump power level. A theoretical model was developed to describe this system, and with output coupler transmission, pump beam size and cavity mode size as parameters, optimum conditions for laser oscillation were obtained numerically. The theoretical model was tested with both a diode laser and a Ti:Sapphire laser as a pump source for the 946-nm laser. The theory was found to be in excellent agreement with the results. When pumping with the Ti:Sapphire laser, a slope efficiency of 58 % was obtained with a 2-mm long Nd:YAG crystal, but this dropped to about 11 % with diode laser pumping, which shows the advantage of pumping with a beam of high optical quality.The Q-switched version of the 946-nm Nd:YAG laser was also studied theoretically, and a modified four level model was developed to describe the dynamic behaviour of the laser in the presence of lower state reabsorption. The relation of this quasi-three level model to the ideal four level model used in the absence of such absorption was explored. The experiments on Q-switching described here were the first to be reported on the application of this technique to a diode laser pumped 946-nm Nd:YAG laser. Q-switching was achieved by a Brewster-angled acoustic-optic Q-switch, which also acted as a linear polariser. When the laser was pumped by a 0.5 W diode-laser array, pulses with an energy of 4.9 muJ and pulse duration of 68.5 ns were observed at room temperature. Cooling the Nd:YAG crystal to 5 °C improved the laser performance to give pulses of 5.6 muJ pulse energy and 62 ns pulse duration, corresponding to peak powers of 76 W. The pulse repetition rate was kept at 1.5 kHz throughout. Blue light was generated by passing the 946-nm laser pulses along the a-axis of a 5.1-mm long potassium niobate nonlinear crystal, which was kept at 185 °C to obtain noncritical phase matching. The nonlinear coefficient used in this case was d32 (~19.5 pm/V 946 nm). Problems…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Hong, J. (1992). Diode laser pumped Nd : YAG laser for 946-nm and its frequency doubling
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13715
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hong, Junhua. “Diode laser pumped Nd : YAG laser for 946-nm and its frequency doubling
.” 1992. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13715.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hong, Junhua. “Diode laser pumped Nd : YAG laser for 946-nm and its frequency doubling
.” 1992. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Hong J. Diode laser pumped Nd : YAG laser for 946-nm and its frequency doubling
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1992. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13715.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Hong J. Diode laser pumped Nd : YAG laser for 946-nm and its frequency doubling
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1992. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13715
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
19.
Cui, Yong.
UV pumped holosteric optical parametric oscillator
.
Degree: 1993, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14889
► The all-solid-state (or "holosteric") optical parametric oscillator has resulted from the recent development of diode-laser-pumped solid-state lasers and from recent advancements in new optically nonlinear…
(more)
▼ The all-solid-state (or "holosteric") optical parametric oscillator has resulted from the recent development of diode-laser-pumped solid-state lasers and from recent advancements in new optically nonlinear materials. As a result, all-solid-state sources of widely tunable (ultraviolet - visible - near infrared) coherent radiation are now possible by using the radiation from diode-laser-pumped solid-state lasers, either directly or after frequency conversion, to pump optical parametric oscillators. Such devices can be made compact, efficient and reliable. The work described in this thesis explores the feasibility of obtaining widely tunable radiation from such devices, with particular reference to low threshold, high efficiency operation, so requiring only modest energies (1 mJ in ultraviolet) from the pump source. In particular, a frequency tripled or frequency quadruped Nd:YAG laser pumped by pulsed, GaAlAs diode laser bars has been used as the pump source, and lithium triborate has been used as the nonlinear medium in the optical parametric oscillator. Two geometries of lithium triborate crystals have been investigated as the nonlinear medium. One was cut for a type II non-critical phase matching geometry, while the other was cut for a type I critical phase matching geometry. The oscillator cavities were designed for optimum focusing and mode matching aiming for operation with a low pump energy through the use of tightly focused pump radiation. The ultraviolet pump source was based on a Q-switched diode-laser-pumped Nd:YAG laser which generated pulses at 1.064 mum with energy 10 mJ and duration around 10 ns. These were then frequency up-converted to the UV at 355 nm or 266 nm, so as to be suitable for pumping the parametric oscillators. Generally, an overall conversion efficiency from 1.064 mum to 355 nm of >30% was obtained using the nonlinear materials potassium titanyl phosphate and lithium triborate for second harmonic generation and sum-frequency mixing respectively. For conversion to 266 nm, an overall efficiency of > 18 % was obtained using the nonlinear materials KTP and BBO for two step second harmonic generation. In the experimental investigations of the all-solid-state lithium triborate optical parametric oscillator pumped at 355 nm a low oscillation threshold was obtained in the type II non-critical phase matching geometry (around 0.2 mJ) and pump depletions of 50 % were obtained at around six times threshold. This device could be temperature tuned (20 - 200 °C) from 457 to 481 nm (signal wave) and 1.6 to 1.35 mum (idler wave). Optimised focusing conditions corresponding to the theory of Guha et al were approached in the type I phase matching geometry, and despite the existence of a 1° walkoff angle, the minimum oscillation threshold was measured to be around 0.3 mJ. Generally, pump depletions of about 35 % were obtained, at around four times threshold. These devices could be angle tuned (through crystal internal angle 14°) from 457 to 666 nm (signal wave) and 1.6 mum to 768 nm (idler wave).…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Cui, Y. (1993). UV pumped holosteric optical parametric oscillator
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14889
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cui, Yong. “UV pumped holosteric optical parametric oscillator
.” 1993. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14889.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cui, Yong. “UV pumped holosteric optical parametric oscillator
.” 1993. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Cui Y. UV pumped holosteric optical parametric oscillator
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1993. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14889.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Cui Y. UV pumped holosteric optical parametric oscillator
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1993. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14889
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
20.
Terry, Jonathan A.C.
An all-solid-state optical parametric oscillator for the infrared
.
Degree: 1994, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15032
► A low threshold, efficient optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on the material Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) and pumped by a diode-laser-pumped, Q-switched Nd:YLF laser has…
(more)
▼ A low threshold, efficient optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on the material Potassium Titanyl Phosphate (KTP) and pumped by a diode-laser-pumped, Q-switched Nd:YLF laser has been demonstrated and investigated. This all-solid-state device was operated in a non-critical phase match (NCPM) geometry converting the 1 mum pump light to output wavelengths of 1.54 and 3.28 mum, and has potential as an 'eyesafe' laser source with scaling to higher powers. A major contributing factor to the success of this work was the extension of the steady state theory of the singly resonant OPO to include the build-up time effects that are dominant in the pulsed regime. A number of diode pumped lasers were constructed, allowing a comparison to be made between side- and end-pumping geometries, and also between the materials Nd:YAG and Nd:YLF. The end-pumping geometry in conjunction with the higher absorption and longer upper state lifetime in Nd:YLF made it the design of choice for the case of low pump pulse energies (~ 12 mJ at 797 nm). Anamorphic expansion of the laser mode in the plane parallel to the diode laser junction was employed to achieve TEM00 operation of this laser. Subsequent Q-switching with a polariser and LiNbO3 Pockels cell combination produced 2.2 mJ at 1.047 mum in an 18 ns pulse. Investigation of the dynamic loss of the Q-switch (which is due to the elasto-optic effect) allowed improvement of laser performance. The established model for a pulsed singly resonant OPO which describes the case for a plane-plane resonator was inappropriate in this work and so the steady state focused beam theory was extended to include time dependence. Fair agreement was found between the computer model and the experimental results, where the effects of pump and signal focusing, and output coupling were investigated. The high conversion efficiency of 30% for converting the 1 mum pump light to the eyesafe wavelength of 1.54 mum is superior to the present alternative source of the Er:glass laser. Pump energy thresholds of less than 0.5 mJ were obtained, along with internal conversions approaching 50 %. An empirical relation describing pump depletion was derived which showed good agreement with experiment. A high resolution investigation of the spectral properties of the OPO identified the roles of resonant reflection and doubly resonant behaviour on the mode structure of the output. The former suggests a way in which single mode operation could be achieved without the use of additional intracavity elements, or a seeding source.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Terry, J. A. C. (1994). An all-solid-state optical parametric oscillator for the infrared
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15032
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Terry, Jonathan A C. “An all-solid-state optical parametric oscillator for the infrared
.” 1994. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15032.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Terry, Jonathan A C. “An all-solid-state optical parametric oscillator for the infrared
.” 1994. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Terry JAC. An all-solid-state optical parametric oscillator for the infrared
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1994. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15032.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Terry JAC. An all-solid-state optical parametric oscillator for the infrared
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1994. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15032
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
21.
Kane, D.M.
Atomic laser-spectroscopy in the UV and visible
.
Degree: 1984, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14321
► This thesis describes the development of an intracavity frequency doubled dye laser from a commercial Spectra-Physics 380D single frequency ring dye laser, and the application…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes the development of an intracavity frequency doubled dye laser from a commercial Spectra-Physics 380D single frequency ring dye laser, and the application of this system to a number of spectroscopic studies in discharges. Evaluation of the stability of the laser cavity is carried out, by computer calculation, in order to optimise the optical component set used in the frequency doubled dye laser. Using an ADA (ammonium dihydrogen arsenate) crystal, 17 mW of continuous wave ultra-violet, tunable over the range 292-302 nm, has been produced. The linewidth, when the laser is stabilised, is about 500 kHz in the UV. The CW UV output has been used to measure helium triplet (23S) metastable densities in a positive column discharge as a function of pressure (1-8 Torr) and current (2.5-80 mA). A maximum density of 10x10
12 cm-3 is measured for a pressure of 2 Torr and current of 60mA. The measured metastable densities are used in a rate equation analysis to extract values of the rate coefficient for distraction (by collisions with electrons) of the 23S metastables (1.6x10
-8 cm3s-1 for p = 2 Torr). A study of the optogalvanic signal generated when irradiating a neon positive column discharge with laser light of wavelength 588.2 nm, corresponding to the ls5-2p2 transition, is carried out. The signal is found to change sign as the dye laser power is increased, for some discharge conditions. Spatial studies of the optogalvanic signal in conjunction with absorption and emission studies are carried out to investigate the evolution of the population densities of levels connected to the 1s5 and 2p2 levels. A rate equation model is developed which demonstrates the importance of the 1s3 population density in explaining the observed sign reversal. A high resolution study of two transitions in the UV, in the tungsten spectrum, is presented. The even isotope splittings and the hyperfine splitting between the two strongest hyperfine components on transitions at 294.4 nm and 294.7 nm have been resolved by saturated absorption spectroscopy. From centre of gravity considerations the hyperfine splittings of the three levels involved in the two transitions have been predicted as 1630 MHz for the7s3 level, -506 MHz for the 3692 level and 225 MHz for the 3683 level. A simple wavemeter using a corner-cube Michelson interferometer is described. Digital counting circuits to provide a direct reading of either the fundamental or second harmonic wavelength have been designed and constructed. Wavelength readings accurate to 1 part in 106 are achieved.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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APA (6th Edition):
Kane, D. M. (1984). Atomic laser-spectroscopy in the UV and visible
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14321
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kane, D M. “Atomic laser-spectroscopy in the UV and visible
.” 1984. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14321.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kane, D M. “Atomic laser-spectroscopy in the UV and visible
.” 1984. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kane DM. Atomic laser-spectroscopy in the UV and visible
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1984. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14321.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kane DM. Atomic laser-spectroscopy in the UV and visible
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1984. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14321
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
22.
Ferguson, Allister Ian.
Frequency doubled continuous wave dye lasers
.
Degree: 1977, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14315
► This thesis describes the design and development of a frequency doubled, continuous wave dye laser and its application to a study of the high Rydberg…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes the design and development of a frequency doubled, continuous wave dye laser and its application to a study of the high Rydberg states of Rubidium. The laser uses the dye rhodamine 6G as the active medium and is optically pumped with an argon ion laser. Frequency doubling is by an ADA (ammonium dihydrogen arsenate) or ADP (ammonium dihydrogen phosphate) crystal located within the laser cavity. Continuous output powers in the ultra-violet in excess of 30 mW and tunable over the wavelength range 285-315 nm have been produced. The linewidth can be chosen to be 0.02 nm broadband system) or 0.002 nm (narrowband system) depending on the frequency selecting elements used. In order to keep insertion losses small the crystals have optical faces cut at Brewster's angle, and in order to increase generation efficiency the intracavity radiation field is focused into the crystal. Such an arrangement introduces the aberrations of coma and astigmatism which must be compensated by suitable cavity design. A variety of cavity and crystal configurations have been analysed for aberrations, and a novel arrangement for the simultaneous elimination of coma and astigmatism developed. Several practical frequency doubled dye lasers have been investigated. In particular the performances of ADA and ADP as the frequency doubling crystals are compared and contrasted. ADA has the advantage that it can be non-critically phase matched at these wavelengths and this results in a higher generation efficiency and a better UV beam quality than encountered with ADP. However, since it can only be temperature tuned, the tuning range (292-302 nm for temperature range 20-80°C) is more limited than that for ADP (285-315 nm) which can also be angled tuned. For both types of crystal, thermal phase mismatching is identified as the process limiting generation efficiency. Evidence is also presented that thermal focusing ultimately limits the UV output power by upsetting cavity stability. A computer model of intracavity frequency doubling has been developed. Thermal phase mismatching effects in the crystal as well as excited state absorption in the dye are included. This model is used to investigate the influence of cavity losses and crystal absorption on generation efficiency. Optimization of conversion efficiency by correct choice of crystal parameters is considered. Two systems have been developed to allow continuous scanning over an extended frequency range. One allows the broadband laser (0.02 nm) to be continuously tuned over 3 nm, the other allows the narrowband laser (0.002 nm) to be continuously tuned over 2 nm. The operation of a single frequency version of the laser and its stabilization on an external reference cavity is also described. The excitation of high Rydberg states in Rubidium using the frequency doubled laser is described. The states are detected by a space-charge limited ionization detector. The principal series of Rb up to a principal quantum number of n = 74 has been detected. A novel triode arrangement of electrodes…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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APA (6th Edition):
Ferguson, A. I. (1977). Frequency doubled continuous wave dye lasers
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14315
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ferguson, Allister Ian. “Frequency doubled continuous wave dye lasers
.” 1977. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14315.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ferguson, Allister Ian. “Frequency doubled continuous wave dye lasers
.” 1977. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ferguson AI. Frequency doubled continuous wave dye lasers
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1977. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14315.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ferguson AI. Frequency doubled continuous wave dye lasers
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1977. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14315
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
23.
Poustie, Alistair J.
Magnetic field induced sum frequency mixing in sodium vapour
.
Degree: 1990, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13765
► A study of magnetic field induced sum frequency mixing (SFM) in sodium vapour was carried out using continuous-wave lasers as the sources of the fundamental…
(more)
▼ A study of magnetic field induced sum frequency mixing (SFM) in sodium vapour was carried out using continuous-wave lasers as the sources of the fundamental radiation. The three-wave mixing nonlinear optical process was resonantly enhanced by tuning the laser frequencies close to single and two-photon resonances in the sodium atoms. The coherent ultraviolet radiation at the sum frequency of the two input laser frequencies was emitted by the coherently driven 3S-4D electric-quadrupole, which was rotated by the transverse magnetic field to allow collinear generation of the sum frequency wave. Two single-frequency dye lasers were used to examine in detail the role of the intermediate 3P atomic states in the coherent two-photon absorption. Resonant single photon transitions were investigated for the first time in a nonlinear optical process in an atomic vapour. High resolution SFM line profiles were obtained which illustrated the complicating contributions of hole-burning, velocity selection, optical pumping, saturation and frequency dependent phase mismatching to the three-wave mixing effect. The use of additional single photon resonant enhancement and control over the refractive index of the sodium vapour showed that large effective nonlinear X(2) susceptibilities were possible in atomic vapours which could exceed those of nonlinear crystals. The variation of SFM power with atomic particle density due to bulk phase mismatching reflected the wavelength dependence of the sodium dispersion with the 3P intermediate state off-resonance. Phase shifts of the focused Gaussian laser beams led to an asymmetric behaviour of the phase matching with respect to the sign of the phase mismatch k. Saturation spectroscopy was utilised for the first time to examine the Zeeman spectra of the sodium 3S-3P D line resonances in a transverse magnetic field. A novel experimental method was used to restrict the detrimental effects of velocity changing collisions on the resolution of the nonlinear laser spectroscopic technique. The possibility of using optical pumping with a transversal, resonant light beam to induce the second-order nonlinearity necessary for second harmonic generation in sodium vapour was experimentally investigated.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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APA (6th Edition):
Poustie, A. J. (1990). Magnetic field induced sum frequency mixing in sodium vapour
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13765
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Poustie, Alistair J. “Magnetic field induced sum frequency mixing in sodium vapour
.” 1990. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13765.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Poustie, Alistair J. “Magnetic field induced sum frequency mixing in sodium vapour
.” 1990. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Poustie AJ. Magnetic field induced sum frequency mixing in sodium vapour
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1990. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13765.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Poustie AJ. Magnetic field induced sum frequency mixing in sodium vapour
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1990. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13765
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
24.
Belal, Ibrahim K.
A study of the hollow-cathode metal-vapour laser discharge
.
Degree: 1977, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14162
► This work is a plasma diagnostic study of the hollow; cathode metal vapour laser. It can be divided into three sections. Section one concerns the…
(more)
▼ This work is a plasma diagnostic study of the hollow; cathode metal vapour laser. It can be divided into three sections. Section one concerns the study of the basic parameters (cathode fall potential electric field, cathode fall width; negative glow length and gas temperature) of the hollow cathode discharge. Section two concerns the use of absorption, linewidth and laser lieterodyne techniques to measure the number densities of He- (21S), (23S) states and He+ ions (electrons) since these species are involved in the pumping mechanisms (Penning and Duffendack) leading to population inversions. Section three concerns the emission, radial profiles of the excited states of He I and He II so the influence of the high energy electrons which enter the negative glow from, the cathode fall region can be studied as they cross the glow. Although the metastable number densities in the hollow cathode are comparable to those in the positive column, they behave differently. In the positive column both singlet and triplet metastables saturate with respect to the discharge current. In the hollow cathode the singlets saturate not only with respect to discharge current but also with respect to pressure. On the other hand the triplets increase linearly with the discharge current and follows' the cathode fall potential as a function of pressure. In the positive column the saturation of the metastable number densities with current combined with the cadmium ion drive-out to the walls lead to the laser power output limitation. In the hollow cathodo cadmium ion drive-out still occurs however this can be compensated by increasing the metal atom, number density since in this case the cathode fall potential, and hence electron energy, is not thereby decreased. Stark broadening and laser heterodyning were used to measure the ion number density and both techniques agree well. They show that the ion number density increases linearly with current, and follows the cathode fall potential as a function of pressure. Also they show that the electron (ion) number density in a hollow cathode is about two orders of magnitude larger than that in a positive column which may lead to an enhancement in the Duffendack reaction. The excitation radial profiles show that the negative glow receives a flux of electrons with energy derived directly from the cathode fall potential. These electrons play an important par in the collision processes in the negative glow. The correlation between these regions is shown clearly by studying the rate equations for different species. The behaviour of the species number densities in the negative glow with the discharge parameters can be related to the fundamental process occuring in the dark space.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maitland, Arthur (advisor), Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Belal, I. K. (1977). A study of the hollow-cathode metal-vapour laser discharge
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14162
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Belal, Ibrahim K. “A study of the hollow-cathode metal-vapour laser discharge
.” 1977. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14162.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Belal, Ibrahim K. “A study of the hollow-cathode metal-vapour laser discharge
.” 1977. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Belal IK. A study of the hollow-cathode metal-vapour laser discharge
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1977. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14162.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Belal IK. A study of the hollow-cathode metal-vapour laser discharge
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1977. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14162
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
25.
Thomas, Peter James.
The application of spontaneous parametric downconversion to develop tools for validating photonic quantum information technologies
.
Degree: 2010, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3050
► This portfolio of work contributes to the remit of the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) to develop the underpinning expertise and tools for validating nascent and…
(more)
▼ This portfolio of work contributes to the remit of the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) to develop the underpinning expertise and tools for validating nascent and future optical quantum technologies based on the discrete and quantum properties of photons. This requirement overlaps with the requirement to provide validation for devices operating in the photon-counting regime. A common theme running through the portfolio is photon pairs generated through spontaneous parametric downconversion (SPDC).
A Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interferometer sourced with visible wavelength photon pairs from an SPDC process in beta-barium borate (BBO) was designed, built and characterised. The visibility of the HOM interference is dependent on the indistinguishability of the interfering photons, but is also influenced by imperfections of the interferometer; therefore an investigation was carried out to quantify the effects of the interferometer imperfections on the measured visibility so that the true photon indistinguishability could be measured with a quantified uncertainty.
A bright source of correlated pair photons in the telecoms band based upon a pump enhanced SPDC process in periodically-poled potassium titanyl phosphate (PPKTP) was designed, built and characterised. From the characterisation measurements the source brightness was estimated to be 6.2×10⁴ pairs/ s/ mw pump. The photon pairs were further characterised through their incorporation as a source in a HOM interference experiment.
The developed correlated photon pair source was at the heart of a novel scheme for the generation of polarisation entangled photon pairs, for which the design, build and characterisation work is presented. The source was demonstrated to produce two of the four maximally entangled Bell states with quantum interference visibilities of around 0.95. The generated states were also shown to break a form of Bell’s inequality by around six standard deviations. The polarisation entangled photon pair source was originally built at the
University of
St Andrews and was later transferred to the NPL where it will extend NPL’s capabilities to this key spectral region.
Finally a study was carried out to investigate the possibility of a wavelength tuneable device for the absolute measurement of single photon detector quantum efficiencies based upon an established SPDC technique.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor), Chunnilall, Christopher (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: SPDC;
Hong-Ou-Mandel;
Nonlinear optics;
Entanglement;
Few photon
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Thomas, P. J. (2010). The application of spontaneous parametric downconversion to develop tools for validating photonic quantum information technologies
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3050
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Thomas, Peter James. “The application of spontaneous parametric downconversion to develop tools for validating photonic quantum information technologies
.” 2010. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3050.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Thomas, Peter James. “The application of spontaneous parametric downconversion to develop tools for validating photonic quantum information technologies
.” 2010. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Thomas PJ. The application of spontaneous parametric downconversion to develop tools for validating photonic quantum information technologies
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3050.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Thomas PJ. The application of spontaneous parametric downconversion to develop tools for validating photonic quantum information technologies
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3050
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
26.
Gibson, Graham Martin.
Continuously frequency-tunable CW optical parametric oscillators and their application to spectroscopy
.
Degree: 1999, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14950
► This thesis describes the development and applications of single-frequency, continuously tunable, continuous-wave (cw), optical parametric oscillators (OPOs). Two doubly-resonant OPOs (DROs) are presented, one providing…
(more)
▼ This thesis describes the development and applications of single-frequency, continuously tunable, continuous-wave (cw), optical parametric oscillators (OPOs). Two doubly-resonant OPOs (DROs) are presented, one providing tunable light around 1?m, the other specifically designed as a spectroscopic source for methane near 1649nm. Once stabilised, the frequency-selective nature of the DRO ensures operation on a single mode-pair without the need for additional intracavity frequency-selective components. Both DROs are smoothly tunable by smoothly tuning the pump laser. The 1mum DRO is based on a bulk KTP crystal cut for near-degenerate, type-II, critical phase-matching (theta= 90°, ϕ = 37°). Angle tuning the crystal provides coarse tuning of the output frequencies over a range of ~50nm. Small perturbations to the OPO cavity is sufficient to cause a systematic mode-hop and provides a method of tuning across the phase-matching bandwidth (~0.5THz). This DRO is demonstrated as a spectroscopic source by recording the absorption spectrum of cesium molecules near 1050nm. The DRO as a potentially compact source of tunable light is demonstrated by using a frequency-doubled microchip laser as the pump source. The output consists of a single pair of signal and idler modes even when using a multilongitudinal-mode pump laser. Smooth tuning of the output frequencies is achieved by temperature tuning the pump laser. The 1.65mum DRO is based on periodically poled KTiOPO4 (PPKTP). The suitability of PPKTP for cw OPOs was first assessed by a difference frequency generation experiment from which the effective d33 coefficient was estimated to be ~5mum/V. The idler wavelength is coarsely tuned at a rate of 0.73nm/°C by varying the crystal temperature. A combination of computer modelling and experimental observation is used to study the dynamic behaviour of a DRO. The numerical model calculates the time required for the OPO to build-up from the parametric fluorescence and is in excellent agreement with experimental observations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor), Padgett, Miles (advisor).
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APA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Gibson, G. M. (1999). Continuously frequency-tunable CW optical parametric oscillators and their application to spectroscopy
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14950
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gibson, Graham Martin. “Continuously frequency-tunable CW optical parametric oscillators and their application to spectroscopy
.” 1999. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14950.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gibson, Graham Martin. “Continuously frequency-tunable CW optical parametric oscillators and their application to spectroscopy
.” 1999. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Gibson GM. Continuously frequency-tunable CW optical parametric oscillators and their application to spectroscopy
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1999. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14950.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Gibson GM. Continuously frequency-tunable CW optical parametric oscillators and their application to spectroscopy
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1999. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14950
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
27.
Browne, Peter G.
Spectroscopic studies of the helium-cadmium laser discharge
.
Degree: 1974, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14157
► The techniques of absorption and perturbation spectroscopy have been applied to the He-Cd laser discharge to determine species densities, excitation rates and de-excitation rates of…
(more)
▼ The techniques of absorption and perturbation spectroscopy have been applied to the He-Cd laser discharge to determine species densities, excitation rates and de-excitation rates of relevance to laser oscillation on transitions in the cadmium ion. The first section, of this work describes the use of a line absorption technique to measure helium singlet and triplet metastable densities in a 3 mm bore capillary tube for both pure helium discharges (current range 10 - 200 mA., pressure range 0.5 - 15 torr) and for He-Cd discharges. For the pure helium discharge, with constant discharge current, the singlet and triplet densities show pronounced maxima of 2 X 10
12 cm
-3 and 9 x 10
12 cm
-3 respectively around 2 torr. At constant pressure the metastable densities saturate for currents above about 20 mA. The measured triplet densities are in fair agreement with values calculated using known cross-sections for production and loss processes. The addition of cadmium vapour has two principal effects: the metastable populations are almost halved when the optimum cadmium pressure for lasing is present while the current saturation is displaced towards higher currents (60 - 120 mA). The observed optimum performance of the He-Cd laser with respect to discharge current, helium filling pressure and cadmium partial pressure is related directly to the behaviour of the helium metastable densities as these parameters are varied. The second section describes the application of the technique of perturbation spectroscopy to the helium-cadmium laser. Chopping the radiation field inside the cavity of the later operating at 4416A induces perturbations in the populations of the 5s2 2D3/2,5/2 and 5p 2P3/2 levels of the cadmium ion. Analysis of the perturbations of the 5p 2P3/2 and 5s2 2P3/2 populations shows that the ratio of non-radiative to radiative de-excitation rates for the latter level (the upper level of the 4416A laser transition) is 0.9 +/- 0.2, with little dependence on discharge conditions. From the 5s2 2D3/2 population changes the cross-section for excitation of this level from the 5s2 2D5/2 level by electron collisions is found to be ~ 7 x 10
-16 cm2.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maitland, Arthur (advisor), Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor).
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Record Details
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Browne, P. G. (1974). Spectroscopic studies of the helium-cadmium laser discharge
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14157
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Browne, Peter G. “Spectroscopic studies of the helium-cadmium laser discharge
.” 1974. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14157.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Browne, Peter G. “Spectroscopic studies of the helium-cadmium laser discharge
.” 1974. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Browne PG. Spectroscopic studies of the helium-cadmium laser discharge
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1974. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14157.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Browne PG. Spectroscopic studies of the helium-cadmium laser discharge
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1974. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14157
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
28.
McKenzie, Alan L.
Radial profile studies in metal vapour laser discharges
.
Degree: 1976, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14313
► Positive-column metal-vapour lasers are important because of the many visible and ultra-violet c.w. wavelengths attainable. In many such systems population inversion among the metal ion…
(more)
▼ Positive-column metal-vapour lasers are important because of the many visible and ultra-violet c.w. wavelengths attainable. In many such systems population inversion among the metal ion states is produced in charge-exchange reactions with helium ions. Although the power of such lasers should apparently increase linearly with the helium ion density and, hence, with the discharge current, several observers have noted a power saturation. This work describes a phenomenon which will account for this. The spontaneous emission from laser states in a helium-selenium discharge is observed across the tube, and the radial profiles of intensity show a central dip which deepens with discharge current and helium pressure. This axial depletion of laser states sets a limit to the achievable power. The dip effect is shown to be due to the removal of metal atoms from the centre of the tube by ionisation followed by a build-up of the vapour at the walls where the; metal is neutralised. States excited from the axially reduced neutral population will reflect the depletion, to some extent in their own distribution. The helium-cadmium discharge is selected as representative of metal-vapour systems for further study using the dip effect. By comparing the radial profiles of different excited states under the same discharge conditions, it is shown that electron collisions probably contribute to the excitation of levels which are normally assumed to result from charge-exchange and Penning collisions. Radial profiles of helium and cadmium metastables are examined. The behaviour of the helium profiles at high cadmium partial pressures is consistent with an electron temperature which depends upon the local cadmium concentration. The shape of the cadmium metastable profile indicates that this species is being destroyed in the discharge - either by electron collision or collisional mixing with the cadmium neutral resonance state. Observations of cadmium ion profiles at various cadmium partial pressures indicate that electron collisions are the principal source of cadmium ionisation. From the magnitude of the radial dip, the ionisation rate constant is calculated (1 - 5 x 10
-8 cm3 s-1). This varies with E/N, the reduced axial electric field. The ionisation rate is found another way, by modulating the discharge current and observing the phase lag of the profile dip. This experiment yields a value similar to the above.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor), Maitland, Arthur (advisor).
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APA (6th Edition):
McKenzie, A. L. (1976). Radial profile studies in metal vapour laser discharges
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14313
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
McKenzie, Alan L. “Radial profile studies in metal vapour laser discharges
.” 1976. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14313.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
McKenzie, Alan L. “Radial profile studies in metal vapour laser discharges
.” 1976. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
McKenzie AL. Radial profile studies in metal vapour laser discharges
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1976. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14313.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
McKenzie AL. Radial profile studies in metal vapour laser discharges
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1976. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/14313
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
29.
Moseley, Richard R.
Sum frequency mixing and quantum interference in three-level atoms
.
Degree: 1995, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13753
► This work contains theoretical and experimental studies of the properties of three-level atoms subjected to two single-frequency, continuous-wave laser sources with special emphasis on magnetic-field-induced…
(more)
▼ This work contains theoretical and experimental studies of the properties of three-level atoms subjected to two single-frequency, continuous-wave laser sources with special emphasis on magnetic-field-induced sum frequency mixing (SFM) and electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT). In sodium vapour, two resonant-enhancement routes for SFM were experimentally studied. In one route (3S-3P-3D) the output is generated on a quadrupole-allowed transition and on the other (3S-3P-4P), a dipole-allowed transition. Phase matching conditions are studied in detail. On the second route, the two contributions to the phase mismatch can combine to heavily distort the spectroscopic lineshapes observed. Doubly-resonant SFM is considered and two paths for excitation of the output coherence are identified. Control of their relative strength, via the input laser strengths, is predicted, as well as interference between them. These are both experimentally observed on the 3S1/2-3P1/2-3D3/2 transition scheme in sodium. Theory is presented to show how the use of a strong upper laser in resonant SFM can, by EIT, greatly reduce the absorption on the lower transition without similarly reducing the nonlinear process. A significant increase in conversion efficiency is predicted. Theory is also presented on the inclusion of the local field correction, which is relevant for high vapour densities, in the Bloch equations for the three-level atom. Nonlinear coherence cross-coupling terms arise and the generalised equations are then used for two case studies; one concerning EIT, the other SFM. EIT is experimentally studied using continuous-wave lasers in rubidium vapour. Focusing and de-focusing were observed on the probe laser beam as it tunes through the transparency window at close, but separate, detunings. This is attributed to the radial intensity profile of the coupling laser which imposes a spatial refractive index modulation on the medium at the probe laser wavelength.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor), Sinclair, Bruce (advisor).
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Record Details
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Moseley, R. R. (1995). Sum frequency mixing and quantum interference in three-level atoms
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13753
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Moseley, Richard R. “Sum frequency mixing and quantum interference in three-level atoms
.” 1995. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13753.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Moseley, Richard R. “Sum frequency mixing and quantum interference in three-level atoms
.” 1995. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Moseley RR. Sum frequency mixing and quantum interference in three-level atoms
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1995. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13753.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Moseley RR. Sum frequency mixing and quantum interference in three-level atoms
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 1995. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13753
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of St. Andrews
30.
Stothard, David James Mark.
Continuous-wave, singly-resonant optical parametric oscillators pumped internal to Nd:YVO₄ lasers
.
Degree: 2002, University of St. Andrews
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15579
► The advent of new quasi phase matched materials and high spectral/spatial quality pump sources has led to a renaissance in the development of continuous-wave optical…
(more)
▼ The advent of new quasi phase matched materials and high spectral/spatial quality pump
sources has led to a renaissance in the development of continuous-wave optical
parametric oscillators for the coherent generation of broadly tunable light in the mid infrared spectral region. This thesis describes a novel technique which overcomes the
threshold constraints of the singly resonant oscillator (SRO) and stability constraints of
the doubly resonant oscillator (DRO) traditionally associated with these devices by
placing a singly resonant optical parametric oscillator in the high circulating field found
within the cavity of a laser: the intracavity optical parametric oscillator.
An SRO based upon the nonlinear material periodically poled LiNb0₃ (PPLN) operating
internal to an all solid state, 1W diode pumped Nd:YV0₄ mini-laser is demonstrated and
characterised. This system exhibits SRO threshold at only 330mW of external diode
pump power, and produced a total of 70mW of extractable idler at 1W diode pump
power. Through multi-parameter tuning of the poled nonlinear material we demonstrate
broad tuning of the non-resonant idler through the spectrally important range 3.1 - 4μm.
Novel cavity design desensitises the system to the effects of thermal lensing in the
nonlinear medium, resulting in stable spatial and mean power outputs. The short term
pump field stability is characterised by intensity modulation brought about by the onset of
relaxation oscillations ; a consequence of placing the SRO within the cavity of the pump
laser.
A comparative study of SRO's based upon PPLN and the new material periodically poled
RbTi0As0₄ (PPRTA) pumped internal to a high power fibre coupled diode pumped
Nd:YV0₄ laser cavity is undertaken and presented. We see that although the nonlinearity
and interaction length of the PPRTA is smaller than that of PPLN, the system based upon
PPRTA outperforms or is at least comparable with that based upon PPLN in every respect
with the exception of idler tuning range. We attribute this to the reduced sensitivity of this
material to the effect of thermal lensing. Up to 440mW of extracted idler was produced
by each system. The reduction of interferometric feedback of the pump field by the signal
cavity mirror was found to eliminate the onset of relaxation oscillations in the case of
PPRTA but not PPLN, due to thermal air currents dominating the triggering process in
iii
this system. Recently published Sellmeier equations and temperature derivatives for
PPRTA are compared with the experimentally observed temperature tuning behaviour.
The inclusion of an optical parametric oscillator within the cavity of the pump laser
impacts significantly upon the transient dynamics of the pump laser in which it resides.
We show experimental evidence of this effect and outline a strategy to minimise the
effects of relaxation oscillations in the context of a simple numerical model which shall
be derived.
Possible future avenues of research are discussed in the context of the results and
…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dunn, Malcolm H (advisor), Ebrahimzadeh, M. (Majid) (advisor).
Record Details
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Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Stothard, D. J. M. (2002). Continuous-wave, singly-resonant optical parametric oscillators pumped internal to Nd:YVO₄ lasers
. (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15579
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Stothard, David James Mark. “Continuous-wave, singly-resonant optical parametric oscillators pumped internal to Nd:YVO₄ lasers
.” 2002. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15579.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Stothard, David James Mark. “Continuous-wave, singly-resonant optical parametric oscillators pumped internal to Nd:YVO₄ lasers
.” 2002. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Stothard DJM. Continuous-wave, singly-resonant optical parametric oscillators pumped internal to Nd:YVO₄ lasers
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2002. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15579.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Stothard DJM. Continuous-wave, singly-resonant optical parametric oscillators pumped internal to Nd:YVO₄ lasers
. [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2002. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15579
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
. 
Open Access Theses and Dissertations