+publisher:"University of Saskatchewan" +contributor:("Hamilton, Donald L.")

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1. Ball, Katherine. Synchrotron microanalysis of gallium as a potential novel therapy for 𝘌𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪 urinary tract infections.

Degree: 2014, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-02-1418

► Most urinary tract infections in humans and dogs are caused by uropathogenic strains of 𝘌𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪, and increasing antimicrobial resistance among these pathogens has created… (more)

▼ Most urinary tract infections in humans and dogs are caused by uropathogenic strains of 𝘌𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪, and increasing antimicrobial resistance among these pathogens has created a need for a novel approach to therapy. Bacterial iron uptake and metabolism are potential targets for novel antimicrobial therapy, as iron is a limiting factor in 𝘌. 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪 growth during infection. As a trivalent metal of similar atomic size to iron (III), gallium can interact with a wide variety of biomolecules that normally contain or interact with iron. Gallium compounds disrupt bacterial iron metabolism, are known to accumulate at sites of infection and inflammation in mammals, exert antimicrobial activity against multiple bacterial pathogens in vitro, and may be good candidates as novel antimicrobial drugs. We assessed the suitability of orally administered gallium maltolate as a potential new antimicrobial therapy for urinary tract infections by evaluating its distribution into the bladder, its activity against uropathogenic 𝘌. 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪 in vitro, and its pharmacokinetics and efficacy in a mouse cystitis model. Using a novel application of synchrotron-based analytical methods, we confirmed the distribution of gallium to the bladder mucosa and characterized the relationship between iron and gallium distribution in the bladder. In vitro experiments with human and canine uropathogenic 𝘌. 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪 isolates demonstrated that gallium maltolate exerts antimicrobial effects in a time-dependent, bacteriostatic manner. Minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 0.144 µmol/mL to >9.20 µmol/mL with a median of 1.15 µmol/mL. Isolates resistant to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, or with decreased susceptibility to cephalothin were susceptible to the antimicrobial activity of gallium maltolate, suggesting that resistance to conventional antimicrobials does not predict resistance to gallium maltolate. Pharmacokinetic studies in healthy mice and in a mouse model of urinary tract infection confirmed that gallium is absorbed into systemic circulation after oral administration of gallium maltolate. Gallium is slowly eliminated from the body, with a trend toward longer terminal half-lives in blood and bladder for infected mice relative to healthy mice. This study did not reveal any statistically significant effect of infection status on maximum blood gallium concentrations (4.46 nmol/mL, 95% confidence interval 2.75 nmol/mL – 6.18 nmol/mL and 4.80 nmol/mL, 95% confidence interval 2.53 nmol/mL – 7.06 nmol/mL in healthy and infected mice, respectively) or total gallium exposure in blood and kidney as represented by area under the concentration vs. time curves. Gallium exposure in the bladder was significantly greater for mice with urinary tract infections than for healthy mice. The investigation of gallium distribution within tissues represented a novel application of synchrotron-based analytical techniques to antimicrobial pharmacokinetics. Prior to analysing tissue samples, a library of x-ray absorption spectra was assembled for gallium compounds in both the… Advisors/Committee Members: Hamilton, Donald L., Thompson, Julie, Dowling, Patricia M., Alcorn, Jane, Boison, Joe O..

Subjects/Keywords: Uropathogenic 𝘌𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪; synchrotron x-ray fluorescence microscopy; gallium maltolate; pharmacokinetics; antimicrobial therapy; urinary tract infection; x-ray absorption spectroscopy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ball, K. (2014). Synchrotron microanalysis of gallium as a potential novel therapy for 𝘌𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪 urinary tract infections. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-02-1418

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ball, Katherine. “Synchrotron microanalysis of gallium as a potential novel therapy for 𝘌𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪 urinary tract infections.” 2014. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-02-1418.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ball, Katherine. “Synchrotron microanalysis of gallium as a potential novel therapy for 𝘌𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪 urinary tract infections.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ball K. Synchrotron microanalysis of gallium as a potential novel therapy for 𝘌𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪 urinary tract infections. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-02-1418.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ball K. Synchrotron microanalysis of gallium as a potential novel therapy for 𝘌𝘴𝘤𝘩𝘦𝘳𝘪𝘤𝘩𝘪𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘪 urinary tract infections. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-02-1418

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

2. Janardhan, Kyathanahalli Sampath Iyengar. Molecular mechanisms of neutrophil and monocyte recruitment in acute lung inflammation.

Degree: 2006, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07042006-092342

► Neutrophils are implicated in many inflammatory lung disorders. However, the mechanisms regulating neutrophil migration in acute lung inflammation are incompletely understood. Although, integrin β2 mediates… (more)

▼ Neutrophils are implicated in many inflammatory lung disorders. However, the mechanisms regulating neutrophil migration in acute lung inflammation are incompletely understood. Although, integrin β2 mediates neutrophil migration in lungs in response to many stimuli such as E. coli, integrin involved in S. pneumoniae induced neutrophil migration is not known. Therefore, the role of integrin αvβ3 in neutrophil recruitment was tested. First, it was found that the number of neutrophils expressing the integrin subunits αv and β3 is reduced or remains in lung inflammation induced by E. coli or S. pneumoniae, respectively. Next, the role of integrin αvβ3 using β3 knockout mice (β3-/-) and function blocking antibodies was addressed. Neutrophil recruitment did not vary between wild type and β3-/- mice. Although β3 antibodies reduced neutrophil recruitment, similar effect was observed with isotype antibodies. Therefore, one can conclude that integrin αvβ3 is not critical for neutrophil recruitment in S. pneumoniae induced pneumonia. Apart from integrins, TLR4 also regulate neutrophil migration. Because, the pattern of TLR4 expression at various times of lung inflammation is not known, TLR4 expression during different phases of lung inflammation in a rat model of LPS-induced inflammation was studied. TLR4 expression in the septum increased and decreased at 6h and 12-36h of inflammation, respectively. Since these correlate with the time of increase and decline of neutrophil recruitment, the findings support previously observed requirement for TLR4 in neutrophil recruitment. Neutrophils recruited into the lungs regulate the inflammatory process by controlling subsequent monocyte/macrophage recruitment. The mechanisms involved and the pattern of monocyte/macrophage recruitment in lungs are not completely understood. Therefore, the possible involvement of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, which is a premier chemokine in monocyte/macrophage migration and produced by neutrophils and other cells was tested. This was addressed by quantification of monocytes/macrophages at various times and using neutrophil depletion experiments in LPS-induced lung inflammation in rats. It was found that monocytes/macrophages migrate very early and before neutrophils in addition to their migration in the late phase of acute lung inflammation. Neutrophil depletion abrogated both early as well as the late monocyte/macrophage recruitment without altering the expression of MCP-1. Therefore, possibly other chemokines and not MCP-1 are involved in neutrophil dependent monocyte/macrophage recruitment. To conclude, the experiments further the understanding on acute lung inflammation by ruling-out the involvement of integrin αvβ3 and MCP-1 in β2-independent neutrophil migration and neutrophil dependent monocyte/macrophage recruitment, respectively. Further studies are essential to find the integrins and chemokines operating in the above situations. Equally important will be… Advisors/Committee Members: Singh, Baljit, Sharma, Rajendra K., Misra, Vikram, Hiebert, Linda M., Hamilton, Donald L..

Subjects/Keywords: electron microscopy; neutrophils; immunohistochemistry; nucleus; macrophage; integrin; monocyte; TLR; Lung

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APA (6^th Edition):

Janardhan, K. S. I. (2006). Molecular mechanisms of neutrophil and monocyte recruitment in acute lung inflammation. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07042006-092342

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Janardhan, Kyathanahalli Sampath Iyengar. “Molecular mechanisms of neutrophil and monocyte recruitment in acute lung inflammation.” 2006. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07042006-092342.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Janardhan, Kyathanahalli Sampath Iyengar. “Molecular mechanisms of neutrophil and monocyte recruitment in acute lung inflammation.” 2006. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Janardhan KSI. Molecular mechanisms of neutrophil and monocyte recruitment in acute lung inflammation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07042006-092342.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Janardhan KSI. Molecular mechanisms of neutrophil and monocyte recruitment in acute lung inflammation. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07042006-092342

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

3. Machin, Karen L. Effects of surgery, anesthesia and pain on reproduction and behaviour of captive and free-ranging ducks.

Degree: 2002, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10172008-085003

► Intra-abdominal radio transmitters are used to provide valuable information on reproduction, movement patterns, habitat use, and survival in a variety of wildlife species, including waterfowl.… (more)

▼ Intra-abdominal radio transmitters are used to provide valuable information on reproduction, movement patterns, habitat use, and survival in a variety of wildlife species, including waterfowl. Pain and stress associated during capture, handling, anesthesia, and with instrumentation during surgery may have sublethal consequences, which may interfere with normal behaviour. As pain is produced by any procedure or injury that causes tissue damage, it is likely that waterfowl implanted with radio transmitters would experience pain. Also, placement of transmitters during incubation necessitates an incision into the brood patch which may have significant implications, such as altered incubation patterns resulting in delayed hatch. Therefore this study attempted to quantify the effects of pain and its treatment on captive and free-ranging waterfowl. Plasma thromboxane B2 levels indicated that two nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (flunixin and ketoprofen) may exert pharmacological effects for at least 12 hours in mallard ducks. However, use of flunixin in waterfowl cannot be recommended because of extensive muscular necrosis. Treatment isoflurane-anesthetized mallards with ketoprofen demonstrated a significant analgesic through reduction heart and respiratory rate changes in response to painful stimuli. In free-ranging mallards, longer surgeries were correlated with increased time to first nesting attempt after intra-abdominal transmitter placement. Females that received ketoprofen took 3.5 days less to the first nesting attempt than females that received saline, indicating that analgesia was beneficial. There was no evidence to suggest that ketoprofen was harmful. Bupivacaine (local anesthetic) may be shorter acting in ducks than in mammals. Sequestration and redistribution of bupivacaine may result in delayed toxicity but mechanisms are unknown. In ruddy ducks, bupivacaine did not appear to achieve long-term analgesia or prevention of post-operative pain-related behaviours. In nesting female mallards, surgery altered incubation patterns in the 24 hour post-operative period, regardless of analgesic (ketoprofen or bupivacaine). Incubation period duration was extended in bupivacaine-treated females compared to ketoprofen-treated females, indicating that analgesia may interfere with brood patch sensation. Increases in corticosterone and progesterone were detected following surgery which may indicate stress and/or pain. The benefits of administering analgesia cannot be overlooked in minimizing effects of placement of radio transmitters on free-ranging waterfowl. Advisors/Committee Members: Livingston, Alex, Hamilton, Donald L., Haigh, Jerry, Duncan, Ian, Clark, Robert G., Rawlings, Norman C..

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Machin, K. L. (2002). Effects of surgery, anesthesia and pain on reproduction and behaviour of captive and free-ranging ducks. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10172008-085003

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Machin, Karen L. “Effects of surgery, anesthesia and pain on reproduction and behaviour of captive and free-ranging ducks.” 2002. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10172008-085003.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Machin, Karen L. “Effects of surgery, anesthesia and pain on reproduction and behaviour of captive and free-ranging ducks.” 2002. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Machin KL. Effects of surgery, anesthesia and pain on reproduction and behaviour of captive and free-ranging ducks. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2002. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10172008-085003.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Machin KL. Effects of surgery, anesthesia and pain on reproduction and behaviour of captive and free-ranging ducks. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2002. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10172008-085003

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

4. Haskey, Natasha. The effect of a prebiotic with a probiotic on symptoms and quality of life in ulcerative colitis.

Degree: 2007, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03202007-180728

► The medical management of ulcerative colitis in children often requires aggressive pharmacological therapy or colonic resection. We hypothesized that synbiotic therapy, consisting of B. longum… (more)

▼ The medical management of ulcerative colitis in children often requires aggressive pharmacological therapy or colonic resection. We hypothesized that synbiotic therapy, consisting of B. longum R0175 and inulin would improve symptoms and quality of life (QOL) in children diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Consenting pediatric subjects (8-18 years; n = 9) with ulcerative colitis in remission were provided synbiotic therapy, (Probiotic: Bifidobacterium longum R0175 2.0 x 1010 cfu/day; Prebiotic: 15 g/day of inulin) (n = 4) or placebo (maltodextrin + ascorbic acid capsule; 15 g/day of non-resistant maltodextrin) (n = 5) for ten months in a pilot study (Phase I). After ten months, the study was unblinded and synbiotic therapy was administered to eight pediatric subjects (Phase II). In attempt to increase sample size, three adult subjects with active UC were recruited and provided the synbiotic therapy (Phase III). In all phases of the research, QOL was measured using the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ). The SIBDQ was administered at baseline and every two months. Subjects kept a daily records of symptoms (stool consistency and frequency, presence of blood and mucous, presence of abdominal pain and overall feeling). Phase I QOL scores were significantly better for those receiving the synbiotic therapy versus the placebo (p = 0.014). Severe symptoms occurred in 60% of the control subjects, where as subjects receiving synbiotic therapy did not experience severe symptoms (p = 0.032). Phase II QOL scores were significantly better post-treatment with synbiotic therapy (p=0.034). One subject (steroid dependant) was able to wean off Prednisone® while receiving the synbiotic therapy; she remained in remission and was symptom free for over 26 months. In Phase III, synbiotic therapy did not induce remission in the adult subjects with active UC. No adverse effects were reported.Synbiotic therapy consisting of Bifidobacterium longum R0175 and inulin, when provided in addition to conventional treatment, appears to be a safe and effective strategy for managing pediatric ulcerative colitis in remission.Further clinical trials are warranted to confirm these preliminary results. Advisors/Committee Members: Whiting, Susan J., Zello, Gordon A., Hamilton, Donald L., Dahl, Wendy.

Subjects/Keywords: probiotic; Ulcerative Colitis; prebiotic; quality of life; synbiotic

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Haskey, N. (2007). The effect of a prebiotic with a probiotic on symptoms and quality of life in ulcerative colitis. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03202007-180728

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Haskey, Natasha. “The effect of a prebiotic with a probiotic on symptoms and quality of life in ulcerative colitis.” 2007. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03202007-180728.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Haskey, Natasha. “The effect of a prebiotic with a probiotic on symptoms and quality of life in ulcerative colitis.” 2007. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Haskey N. The effect of a prebiotic with a probiotic on symptoms and quality of life in ulcerative colitis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03202007-180728.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Haskey N. The effect of a prebiotic with a probiotic on symptoms and quality of life in ulcerative colitis. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03202007-180728

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

5. Doig, Lorne Edward. Influence of organic matter on the bioavailability and toxicity of nickel to the amphipod hyalella azteca.

Degree: 2004, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09162004-132933

► Understanding Ni speciation in solution and the partitioning of Ni between solution and solid sediment is important in determining Ni bioavailability and toxicity to Hyalella… (more)

▼ Understanding Ni speciation in solution and the partitioning of Ni between solution and solid sediment is important in determining Ni bioavailability and toxicity to Hyalella azteca in sediments. Water-only Ni toxicity tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of dissolved organic matter on Ni speciation and bioavailability. Test substances chemically and spectroscopically characterized for use in these tests included Little Bear Lake sediment, peat moss, and Suwannee River humic and fulvic acids. Nickel speciation, bioavailability and toxicity in the presence of dissolved organic matter was assessed via three methods: ion exchange measurements of the free Ni2+ ion, mathematical modeling using the Windermere Humic Aqueous Model (WHAM VI), and toxicity testing with H. azteca. It was found that the main bioavailable Ni species at the pHs tested (pH 8.10 - 8.33) was the free Ni2+ ion. This research also demonstrated that Ni may be significantly complexed, or largely free and labile, depending on the Ni:dissolved organic carbon ratio. Overall, the Ni:dissolved organic carbon ratio plays a greater role than either dissolved organic carbon source or fraction in determining Ni speciation and Ni bioavailability and toxicity to aquatic organisms. Natural sediment was titrated with Ni under anaerobic conditions to evaluate the partitioning of Ni between solution and solid phase as pH varied (pHs 6, 7, 8). There was a noticeable increase in sediment Ni complexation with increasing pH. To evaluate the influence of organic matter on Ni bioavailability and toxicity in sediments, 10-d toxicity tests (using H. azteca) were conducted with Ni spiked over a range of concentrations in both formulated and field-collected sediments. The total organic carbon content of sediment had a significant influence on Ni bioavailability to H. azteca. Formulated sediments with different amounts of organic carbon displayed a clear decrease in toxicity with increasing organic carbon content at the same total Ni concentration. Results from both the formulated and natural sediment tests further indicated that toxicity was strongly correlated with pore-water Ni concentration, and that toxicity estimates based on pore-water Ni exposures were comparable to separate toxicity estimates for Ni in water-only tests. While excess acid-volatile sulfide in sediment appeared to predict the absence of acute Ni toxicity, it did not predict the absence of Ni bioaccumulation. This was potentially due to the presence of multiple pore-water Ni species (i.e., Ni2+, NiHS+) which were bioavailable in the sediment micro-environment of H. azteca. Advisors/Committee Members: Liber, Karsten, Mount, David, Huang, Pan Ming, Hamilton, Donald L., Blakley, Barry R., Peterson, Hans.

Subjects/Keywords: Nickel

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Doig, L. E. (2004). Influence of organic matter on the bioavailability and toxicity of nickel to the amphipod hyalella azteca. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09162004-132933

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Doig, Lorne Edward. “Influence of organic matter on the bioavailability and toxicity of nickel to the amphipod hyalella azteca.” 2004. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09162004-132933.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Doig, Lorne Edward. “Influence of organic matter on the bioavailability and toxicity of nickel to the amphipod hyalella azteca.” 2004. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Doig LE. Influence of organic matter on the bioavailability and toxicity of nickel to the amphipod hyalella azteca. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2004. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09162004-132933.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Doig LE. Influence of organic matter on the bioavailability and toxicity of nickel to the amphipod hyalella azteca. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2004. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09162004-132933

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

6. Yole, Margaret Jane. Alterations in lymphocyte signalling produced by exposure to mercury.

Degree: 2007, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07022007-140223

► The effects of 1 min – 4 hr exposures to mercuric chloride (HgCl2), methyl mercuric chloride (CH3HgCl), p-chloromercuribenzoate (p-CMB) and ethylmercurithiosalicylate (TMS) on cell viability… (more)

▼ The effects of 1 min – 4 hr exposures to mercuric chloride (HgCl2), methyl mercuric chloride (CH3HgCl), p-chloromercuribenzoate (p-CMB) and ethylmercurithiosalicylate (TMS) on cell viability and kinetics of cell death, microtubules, F-actin, CD3 receptor expression, protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PTyr-P), intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i and responses to polarized signals in YAC-1 lymphoma cells were investigated. We hypothesized that immunotoxic effects of HgCl2 (Hg2+) are initiated by global receptor triggering, accompanied by increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PTyr-P) and down-regulation of the T-cell receptor (TCR). As a polychloride anion with poor lipid solubility, inorganic Hg2+ may produce effects at the outer cell membrane before significant intracellular accumulation, loss of microtubule integrity (a sensitive target) and activation of cell death through apoptotic pathways. The organomercurial compound p-CMB is likewise thought to penetrate membranes slowly as a result of ionization. In contrast, the highly lipid-soluble organomercurial compounds CH3HgCl and TMS were expected to reduce responses to polarized stimuli only in conjunction with – and not prior to – loss of microtubule integrity and the onset of necrotic cell death. Two general patterns of effects were observed. In HgCl2-treated YAC-1 cells, inhibition of responses to polarized stimuli preceded loss of microtubules and onset of cell death. Effects on polarized stimuli were preceded by a transient Ca2+ signal; however, this Ca2+ signal appeared abortive, accompanied by a paradoxic decrease in PTyr-P and partial down-regulation of CD3 receptors. Responses to polarised stimuli were inhibited prior to extensive loss of microtubule staining, indicating effects preceded cytosolic Hg2+ accumulation. HgCl2 exposure was followed rapidly by necrotic cell death. Similarly, p-CMB-treated YAC-1 cells failed to respond to polarized stimuli before effects on microtubules or loss of viability, and proceeded rapidly to late apoptosis; however, a transient Ca2+ signal and progressive loss of F-actin preceded effects in all other assays and may account for loss of polarized responses. In CH3HgCl- and TMS-treated YAC-1 cells, CD3 receptor expression, [Ca2+] and PTyr-P were increased immediately, along with loss of microtubules. These reductions preceded inhibition of polarized signaling responses and seemed to indicate a general loss of cellular homeostasis not seen in HgCl2- and p-CMB-treated cells; loss of homeostasis did not necessarily produce simultaneous loss of viability, as TMS-treated cells remained viable for 30 min while CH3HgCl-treated cells became apoptotic within 1 min. Nonetheless, the YAC-1 cells proceeded to cell death more slowly, remaining early apoptotic after 4 hr, when almost all HgCl2- and p-CMB-treated cells were necrotic. These findings indicate the two groups of mercury compounds may alter responses to polarized stimuli and induce cell death by distinct pathways, one involving an apparently abortive signal and the… Advisors/Committee Members: Blakley, Barry R., Wickstrom, Mark, Singh, Baljit, Sharma, Raghubir P., Rosenberg, Alan, Hamilton, Donald L., Forsyth, George W..

Subjects/Keywords: methyl mercuric chloride; mercuric chloride; phosphotyrosine; CD3 receptor; intracellular calcium; microtubles; actin; immunological synapse; organic mercury; inorganic mercury; p-chloromercuribenzoate; thimerosal; YAC-1 lymphoma; cytotoxicity; apoptosis; viability

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Yole, M. J. (2007). Alterations in lymphocyte signalling produced by exposure to mercury. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07022007-140223

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yole, Margaret Jane. “Alterations in lymphocyte signalling produced by exposure to mercury.” 2007. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07022007-140223.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yole, Margaret Jane. “Alterations in lymphocyte signalling produced by exposure to mercury.” 2007. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Yole MJ. Alterations in lymphocyte signalling produced by exposure to mercury. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07022007-140223.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yole MJ. Alterations in lymphocyte signalling produced by exposure to mercury. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07022007-140223

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

7. Abeysekara, Saman. D-lactic acid metabolism and control of acidosis.

Degree: 2009, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01202009-120329

► D-lactic acidosis (DLA) is a disease associated with D-lactatemia, acidosis and neurological signs. However, these associations are ill-defined. Bacterial fermentation in the intestine causes increasing… (more)

▼ D-lactic acidosis (DLA) is a disease associated with D-lactatemia, acidosis and neurological signs. However, these associations are ill-defined. Bacterial fermentation in the intestine causes increasing D-lactic acid concentrations in the body. Therefore, DLA is reported secondary to gastrointestinal diseases, such as short bowel syndrome, gastroenteritis or diarrhea. Despite intestinal origin, sudden D-lactatemia is often a result of impaired D-lactate metabolism in the body. Aims of this work were to determine: 1) Influence of the presence of D-lactate or acidity on neurological disturbances; 2) Effectiveness of parenteral NaHCO3 therapy in correcting cerebrospinal acidity and DLA; 3) Prevalence of DLA in diarrheic lambs and fecal D-lactate thresholds; 4) Effectiveness of malate in preventing DLA. The methodological tools consisted of animal models (calves and lambs): 1) Advanced surgical procedure in calves for long-lasting atlanto-occipital catheterizations; 2) Intravenous infusions of acids to experimentally induce acidosis; 3) Intravenous NaHCO3 therapies; 4) Sampling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood, urine and feces from experimental / treated calves or diarrheic lambs for blood gas analysis, and D-lactate separation by chromatography. D-lactate entered the central nervous system (> 2 mmol/L) from the circulation following experimentally induced D-lactatemia (> 5 mmol/L) and was responsible for neurological disturbances which correlated (r = 0.9, P < 0.05) with both CSF and serum D-lactate concentrations. A zenith of neurological disturbances, ataxia was evident when D-lactate concentration exceeded 12 mmol/L (CSF) and 26 mmol/L (serum), however, a nadir of acidosis (pH 6.9) caused by HCl infusions produced only mild neurological disturbances (P < 0.05). Therapeutic NaHCO3 infusions did not result paradoxical CSF acidosis, but supportive in correcting (P < 0.05) acidosis (ÄpH + 0.11) and D-lactatemia in calves. In lambs, metabolic acidosis following a range of mild to severe diarrhea was observed with a corresponding range of D-lactate concentrations in both serum (< 0.05−24.0 mmol/L) and feces (< 0.05−31.0 mmol/L). D-lactate was absorbed into the circulation when the fecal D-lactate concentration exceeded 10.2 mmol/L (threshold). In calves, moderate oral use of malate produced a > 50% (P < 0.05) decrease in fecal and serum D-lactate concentrations suggesting prebiotic properties to prevent DLA. This dissertation answers the critical questions about the onset of neurological signs in D-lactic acidosis, and advances the current knowledge on the metabolism of D-lactate, the prevention and treatment of acidosis. Advisors/Committee Members: Naylor, J. M., Zello, Gordon A., Paterson, Phyllis G., Hamilton, Donald L., Chilibeck, Philip D., Brocks, D. R., Bandy, Brian.

Subjects/Keywords: D-lactatic acidosis; Incidence; Treatment; Prebiotic; Neuropathy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Abeysekara, S. (2009). D-lactic acid metabolism and control of acidosis. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01202009-120329

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Abeysekara, Saman. “D-lactic acid metabolism and control of acidosis.” 2009. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01202009-120329.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Abeysekara, Saman. “D-lactic acid metabolism and control of acidosis.” 2009. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Abeysekara S. D-lactic acid metabolism and control of acidosis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01202009-120329.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Abeysekara S. D-lactic acid metabolism and control of acidosis. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01202009-120329

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

8. Webb, Aubrey Alan. Sensorimotor adjustments after unilateral spinal cord injury in adult rats.

Degree: 2003, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08182003-073801

► A variety of behavioural tests were used to examine both sensory and motor function of freely behaving unilaterally spinal cord-injured and uninjured rats. The first… (more)

▼ A variety of behavioural tests were used to examine both sensory and motor function of freely behaving unilaterally spinal cord-injured and uninjured rats. The first experiment was designed to determine whether sensory and motor differences existed between uninjured Fischer, Lewis, Long-Evans, Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats using endpoint, quantitative kinematic, and kinetic measurements. The second experiment examined differences in sensorimotor responses to cervical spinal cord hemisection in Lewis, Long-Evans and Wistar rats. For the third experiment, reflex and locomotor abilities of unilateral cervical or thoracic spinal cord hemisected Long-Evans rats were determined using endpoint, semi-quantitative kinematic, and kinetic measurements. The fourth experiment was designed to investigate the importance of the rubrospinal tract and ascending dorsal column pathways to overground locomotion. This experiment was conducted to help explain the behavioural observations made following cervical spinal cord hemisection. Furthermore, this experiment examined the effects of combined unilateral rubrospinal and dorsal column injury on overground locomotion using endpoint and kinetic measurements. Finally, the fifth experiment set out to investigate the contribution of tracts running in the ventrolateral spinal cord on overground locomotion in freely behaving Long-Evans rats. These animals were assessed using endpoint and kinetic measurements. The results of these studies revealed that motor and sensory functions are not similar for all uninjured strains of rats. Specifically, Fischer rats tend to have considerable differences in their morphological features and sensorimotor abilities compared to the other strains examined. Results from the other experiments indicate that adult freely behaving female rats develop a characteristic gait when pathways important for locomotion are injured unilaterally, regardless of strain. The rubrospinal tract and ascending dorsal column pathways appear to be important for both skilled and flat-ground locomotion as well as forelimb use while rearing. Pathways traveling within the ventrolateral pathway, however, are not necessary or sufficient for locomotion or limb useage while rearing when injured by themselves. Animals with ventrolateral spinal funiculus injuries regain normal forelimb use and skilled locomotor abilities. Injury to the ventrolateral spinal funiculus, however, results in mild (compared to rubrospinal and dorsal column injured animals) yet long-lasting locomotor changes based on ground reaction force determination. These findings are in agreement with the current opinion that there is a substantial amount of functional redundancy of pathways traveling in the ventral and ventrolateral funiculi. Advisors/Committee Members: Muir, Gillian D., Pellis, Sergio, Hiebert, Linda M., Hamilton, Donald L., Gloster, Andrew, Doucette, J. Ronald, Rawlings, Norman C..

Subjects/Keywords: Locomotion; Behaviour; Ground Reaction Forces; Kinematics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Webb, A. A. (2003). Sensorimotor adjustments after unilateral spinal cord injury in adult rats. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08182003-073801

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Webb, Aubrey Alan. “Sensorimotor adjustments after unilateral spinal cord injury in adult rats.” 2003. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08182003-073801.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Webb, Aubrey Alan. “Sensorimotor adjustments after unilateral spinal cord injury in adult rats.” 2003. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Webb AA. Sensorimotor adjustments after unilateral spinal cord injury in adult rats. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2003. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08182003-073801.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Webb AA. Sensorimotor adjustments after unilateral spinal cord injury in adult rats. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2003. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08182003-073801

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

9. Loewen, Matthew Eric. CLCA : chloride channel or modulator?.

Degree: 2004, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04142004-142723

► A CLCA protein (CL for chloride channel and CA for calcium) cloned from porcine ileum was expressed and characterized. The regulatory behavior, inhibitor sensitivity, and… (more)

▼ A CLCA protein (CL for chloride channel and CA for calcium) cloned from porcine ileum was expressed and characterized. The regulatory behavior, inhibitor sensitivity, and functional properties of chloride conductance associated with the expression of pCLCA1 cDNA were investigated in non-epithelial NIH/3T3 fibroblasts and in an epithelial Caco-2 cell line. These properties were also investigated in freshly isolated retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and in primary cultures of these cells which express an endogenous cCLCA1. In NIH/3T3 fibroblasts, the chloride efflux induced by pCLCA1 was directly activated by calcium. A and C kinase agonists were without effect. The electrogenic nature of chloride efflux was confirmed by detection of outwardly rectified chloride currents. Selected anion channel blockers inhibited both the pCLCA1 agonist-induced current and chloride efflux. The inhibitors also reduced Ussing chamber short circuit current and chloride efflux from primary RPE cultures. However, these same agents did not inhibit chloride efflux in fibroblasts expressing the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) conductive chloride channel. The expression of pCLCA1 increased cAMP/A kinase-dependent chloride ion release from fibroblasts and Caco-2 cells expressing CFTR. These pleiotropic effects of CLCA protein expression suggested that the protein may regulate the activity of chloride conductance, rather than functioning as a primary ion transporter. This putative regulatory behavior was further investigated in Caco-2 cells. The rate of 36Cl efflux and the amplitude of currents in patch clamp studies after activation of A kinase or intracellular Ca2+ mobilization was significantly increased in freshly passaged Caco-2 cells expressing pCLCA1. However, 36Cl efflux and short circuit Ussing chamber studies in polarized Caco-2 cells provided evidence that both endogenous and pCLCA1-dependent Ca2+-sensitive chloride conductance were lost from 14 day post-passage cells. cAMP-dependent chloride conductance continued to be modulated by pCLCA1 expression in differentiated 14 day post-passage Caco-2 cells, demonstrating the retention of pCLCA1 effects in these mature cells. We conclude that pCLCA1 expression enhances the sensitivity of endogenous chloride channels to both natural agonists, Ca2+and cAMP, but that it lacks inherent Ca2+-dependent chloride channel activity. Advisors/Committee Members: Forsyth, George W., Janz, David M., Hamilton, Donald L., Cotton, Calvin U., Appleyard, Greg D., Muir, Gillian D..

Subjects/Keywords: secretory diarrhea; bestrophin; anion transport; endothelial adhesion molecule; mCLCA3; hCLCA1; CLCA

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Loewen, M. E. (2004). CLCA : chloride channel or modulator?. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04142004-142723

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Loewen, Matthew Eric. “CLCA : chloride channel or modulator?.” 2004. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04142004-142723.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Loewen, Matthew Eric. “CLCA : chloride channel or modulator?.” 2004. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Loewen ME. CLCA : chloride channel or modulator?. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2004. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04142004-142723.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Loewen ME. CLCA : chloride channel or modulator?. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2004. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04142004-142723

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

10. Bobyn, Patricia Joan. Nutritional influence on oxidative stress in global ischemia.

Degree: 2003, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10312003-133029

► Primary brain injury in stroke is followed by oxidative stress and further neural damage. Glutathione (GSH) is critical in antioxidant defense. Since cysteine is limiting… (more)

▼ Primary brain injury in stroke is followed by oxidative stress and further neural damage. Glutathione (GSH) is critical in antioxidant defense. Since cysteine is limiting in GSH synthesis, Phase 1 of this study investigated the effect of a dietary sulphur amino acid deficiency (-SAA) on neural damage in global hemispheric hypoxia-ischemia (GHHI). Rats were fed a -SAA or control diet for 6 days, and subjected to GHHI after 3 days. Histologically evaluated neural damage at 7 days post hypoxia-ischemia was greater in -SAA rats. Brain GSH concentration was decreased in -SAA rats 3 days after ischemia. A cysteine precursor, L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (OTC) administered to -SAA rats did not ameliorate neural damage. GSH is decreased by protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in some tissues. Phase 2 investigated the effect of PEM on brain oxidative stress, neural damage and behaviour after global ischemia in adult male gerbils. In a 2x2 factorial design, gerbils were fed an adequate protein (12%; C) or low protein (2%; PEM) diet for 4 weeks, then subjected to transient ischemia (I) or sham surgery (S). After 12 hours of reperfusion, brain from half the gerbils was collected for biochemical analyses. Remaining gerbils were fed pre-surgery diets for 10 more days. To assess functional consequences of ischemia, gerbils were placed in an open field on Days 3, 7 and 10 after surgery. On Day 10, viable hippocampal CA1 neurons were counted. C-I gerbils did not habituate as readily in the open field on day 3 as C-S, but normalized by day 7. PEM-I gerbils failed to habituate by day 10, traveled greater distance than other gerbils and 7 of 12 displayed thigmotaxis, a wall-hugging preference for the outer perimeter of the open field. CA1 neuron loss in I was 61.5% of S, but unaffected by PEM. Four of 12 PEM-I gerbils had marked increases in hippocampal glia. Hippocampus protein thiols were reduced by PEM and by ischemia, consistent with oxidative stress. GSH concentration, glutathione reductase activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were not significantly affected by PEM or ischemia. Findings from these two studies suggest well-nourished but not nutritionally-deficient rodents tolerate a mild brain insult. This is clinically relevant because many elderly stroke victims suffer from PEM at the time of ischemia, which may compromise recovery. Advisors/Committee Members: Paterson, Phyllis G., Whiting, Susan J., Saucier, Deborah M., Juurlink, Bernhard H. J., Hamilton, Donald L., Bray, Tammy M., Zello, Gordon A..

Subjects/Keywords: oxidative stress; glutathione; gerbil; stroke; Protein-energy malnutrition

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bobyn, P. J. (2003). Nutritional influence on oxidative stress in global ischemia. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10312003-133029

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bobyn, Patricia Joan. “Nutritional influence on oxidative stress in global ischemia.” 2003. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10312003-133029.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bobyn, Patricia Joan. “Nutritional influence on oxidative stress in global ischemia.” 2003. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bobyn PJ. Nutritional influence on oxidative stress in global ischemia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2003. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10312003-133029.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bobyn PJ. Nutritional influence on oxidative stress in global ischemia. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2003. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10312003-133029

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

11. Dahl, Wendy Joanne. Fibre fortification of long term care diets.

Degree: 2005, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09222008-143221

► Constipation is a serious problem for long term care residents, who are routinely prescribed laxatives and enemas. Fibre fortification of food offers an alternative which… (more)

▼ Constipation is a serious problem for long term care residents, who are routinely prescribed laxatives and enemas. Fibre fortification of food offers an alternative which may be preventative and less invasive. It was determined that the addition of 4 grams of pea hull fibre (PHF) to usual foods consumed by elderly long term care residents was acceptable and resulted in increased bowel movement frequency per month (18.7 ± 9.4 to 20.1 ± 9.6; p< 0.05) for the population as a whole, and for the constipated subgroup (8.8 ± 1.0 to 12.6 ± 3.8; p < 0.05). While PHF did not decrease pharmaceutical laxative and enema use, monthly fruitlax administration significantly decreased. PHF, incorporated into baked products, diminished sensory attributes, but all characteristics were ranked acceptable. Textural quality of these same products was improved with the addition of PHF. In a survey, dysphagic institutionalized elderly were offered only 1.4 servings per day of breads and cereals, indicating a need for fibre fortification of pureed foods. The textural characteristics of commercial and institutional pureed foods were evaluated. Viscosities of the institutional pureed foods deviated from the pudding-like standard with five samples too viscous for determination and none met the 1mm standard for particle size. The effect of the addition of PHF on the sensory and textural attributes of pureed foods was assessed. Texture of pureed foods fortified with PHF, as evaluated by sensory volunteers, differed from those fortified with soy cotyledon fibre (SCF) (p < 0.05), which is typically used in commercial pureed foods. Grittiness was apparent with PHF. Adhesion, perceived viscosity and mouth-coating were rated as high (> 3) and neither was significantly correlated with the objective measures. Viscosity characteristics of fibre fortified pureed beef, potato, carrot and beef stew were determined and found to be similar to the pudding standard, and were significantly and directly related to incremental increases in microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and SCF. PHF had similar effects as MCC. Fibre fortification is a realistic and cost-effective means of increasing fibre intakes of elderly and dysphagic institutionalized individuals. Whereas fibre fortification of baked products required little product development, pureed foods did. Fibre can function to produce the recommended consistency for pureed foods. Advisors/Committee Members: Tyler, Robert T. (Bob), Whiting, Susan J., Paterson, Phyllis G., McBurny, Michael, Kendall, Cyril, Hamilton, Donald L., Campbell, Leigh, Zello, Gordon A..

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dahl, W. J. (2005). Fibre fortification of long term care diets. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09222008-143221

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dahl, Wendy Joanne. “Fibre fortification of long term care diets.” 2005. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09222008-143221.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dahl, Wendy Joanne. “Fibre fortification of long term care diets.” 2005. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dahl WJ. Fibre fortification of long term care diets. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2005. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09222008-143221.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dahl WJ. Fibre fortification of long term care diets. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09222008-143221

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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