+publisher:"University of Saskatchewan" +contributor:("Barbour, S. Lee")

University of Saskatchewan

1. Hilderman, Joel Neil. Net percolation as a function of topographic variation in a reclamation cover over a saline-sodic overburden dump.

Degree: 2011, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07242011-230315

► Surface mining of oil sands in northern Alberta requires stripping of saline-sodic shale overburden, which is typically placed in large upland overburden dumps. Due to… (more)

▼ Surface mining of oil sands in northern Alberta requires stripping of saline-sodic shale overburden, which is typically placed in large upland overburden dumps. Due to the chemical nature of this shale, engineered soil covers must be constructed over the shale to support the growth of forest vegetation. A research site on South Bison Hill (SBH), a shale overburden dump at the Syncrude Canada Ltd. Mildred Lake Mine, has been used by researchers over the past decade to study the performance of a reclamation cover. This study was undertaken to improve the understanding of salt and moisture dynamics in the cover-shale system. In particular, the objective of this study was to develop an estimate of the net percolation rate through the cover soil and into the shale overburden. Stable isotope (ä2H and ä18O) measurements obtained from the pore water of soil samples were used to develop stable isotope profiles at various sampling locations along the slope and plateau of the SBH. Simulated profiles were then generated using 2D, finite element numerical modelling software and compared to the measured profiles. Model parameters were obtained from testing and the work of previous researchers. The model results revealed that the net percolation is greatest (32-50 mm/yr) for the plateau and mid-slope bench sample locations. Net percolation rates for sample locations on the slope were lower at 0-12 mm/yr. The results from the stable isotope modelling were utilized in a SO42- transport model to ascertain if calculated net percolation rates could explain measured salinity profiles. This modelling exercise revealed that calculated SO42- profiles are highly dependent on the assumed SO42- production rates in the shale, which is primarily attributed to pyrite oxidation. The model results showed the isotope-based net percolation rates could explain the measured SO42-profiles for a reasonable range SO42- production rates. The SO42- production rates calculated in the model were greatest for the plateau and mid-slope bench locations and lesser for the sloped locations. The model also showed that the mass of SO42- removed by interflow was minimal compared to the mass generated by pyrite oxidation and that net percolation is the dominant flushing mechanism at net percolation rates of 8 mm/yr or more. Advisors/Committee Members: Barbour, S. Lee, Hendry, M. James, Feldman, Lisa, Elshorbagy, Amin, Helgason, Warren.

Subjects/Keywords: advection; diffusion; sulphate; stable isotopes; oil sands

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hilderman, J. N. (2011). Net percolation as a function of topographic variation in a reclamation cover over a saline-sodic overburden dump. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07242011-230315

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hilderman, Joel Neil. “Net percolation as a function of topographic variation in a reclamation cover over a saline-sodic overburden dump.” 2011. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07242011-230315.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hilderman, Joel Neil. “Net percolation as a function of topographic variation in a reclamation cover over a saline-sodic overburden dump.” 2011. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hilderman JN. Net percolation as a function of topographic variation in a reclamation cover over a saline-sodic overburden dump. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07242011-230315.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hilderman JN. Net percolation as a function of topographic variation in a reclamation cover over a saline-sodic overburden dump. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07242011-230315

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

2. Kuzyk, Terryn L. 1989-. A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR THE FLUSHING OF CONSTITUENTS OF INTEREST FROM COAL WASTE ROCK IN THE ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA.

Degree: 2019, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/12546

► Coal mining in the mountainous regions of the Elk Valley, British Columbia has resulted in the formation of rock drains. Rock drains are ex-pit landforms… (more)

▼ Coal mining in the mountainous regions of the Elk Valley, British Columbia has resulted in the formation of rock drains. Rock drains are ex-pit landforms composed of waste rock, resulting from the placement of mine waste rock in and about water courses, while allowing streamflow to pass through a basal layer of the waste rock. These rock drains act as under drains to ex-pit waste rock piles, collecting and transporting water that migrates through the overlying unsaturated waste rock, and mixing it with water flowing through the rock drain from higher in the watershed. Our understanding of the impact of the waste rock piles on both surface and groundwater from the long-term flushing of constituents of interest (CIs) including nitrate (NO3), selenium (Se), and sulphate (SO4) is evolving. Previous research has begun to characterize the effluent chemistry of small-scale waste rock test piles and laboratory cells; however, the long-term monitoring of flow rates and chemistry of rock drains underlying full-scale waste rock piles presents an opportunity to further our understanding of the impact of these waste rock piles on the receiving environment. Historical databases of water flow and geochemistry were provided by Teck Coal Ltd. for eleven rock drains from all five mines in the Elk Valley, B.C. These data were augmented with site specific information including waste rock pile construction dates and volumes over time, as well as hydrological data. The rock drains represented waste rock of varying ages and depositional methods, key factors in defining the impact of waste rock pile construction on CI release. The data sets were investigated to identify patterns in the production and release of CIs with time. Patterns in release of sulphate, nitrate, and chloride were assessed, and used to group waste rock piles by age. Notable fluctuations in concentration of CIs, such as a change from an increasing to a decreasing trend, were found to be significant, and provided insight into internal processes within the waste rock piles. The ratio of sulphate to nitrate release was key in characterizing the loading associated with ongoing pyrite oxidation within the waste rock piles, separate from the flush of soluble sulphate present in the piles following placement of the waste rock. System dynamics models for water and CI release were developed for two waste rock piles that reflect different methods of pile construction. The impact of parameters that control CI release from waste rock piles was evaluated using the models. These parameters included waste rock volumetric water content, initial concentration, and leaching efficiencies. The parameters controlled flushing time, maximum concentration, and amplitude of the CI release curve. A comparison of the estimates from the system dynamics models with monitoring data showed that the conceptual models were able to reproduce similar patterns of CI release as those observed for both nitrate and sulphate. These two initial site models may be expanded upon to include other waste… Advisors/Committee Members: Barbour, S. Lee, Hendry, M. Jim, Hawkes, Chris, Fonstad, Terry, Elwood, David, Martz, Lawrence.

Subjects/Keywords: mining; coal; civil engineering; waste rock; sulphate; nitrate; Elk Valley; selenium

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kuzyk, T. L. 1. (2019). A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR THE FLUSHING OF CONSTITUENTS OF INTEREST FROM COAL WASTE ROCK IN THE ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/12546

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kuzyk, Terryn L 1989-. “A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR THE FLUSHING OF CONSTITUENTS OF INTEREST FROM COAL WASTE ROCK IN THE ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA.” 2019. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/12546.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kuzyk, Terryn L 1989-. “A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR THE FLUSHING OF CONSTITUENTS OF INTEREST FROM COAL WASTE ROCK IN THE ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA.” 2019. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kuzyk TL1. A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR THE FLUSHING OF CONSTITUENTS OF INTEREST FROM COAL WASTE ROCK IN THE ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/12546.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kuzyk TL1. A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR THE FLUSHING OF CONSTITUENTS OF INTEREST FROM COAL WASTE ROCK IN THE ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/12546

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

3. Mahmood, Fazilatun Nessa. NITRATE IN COAL WASTE ROCK DUMPS, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.

Degree: 2016, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7356

► Explosives used for blasting during mining operations contain nitrogen (N) compounds. The release of N from blasting residuals can result in elevated nitrate (NO3ˉ) concentrations… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Nitrate; waste rock; Elk Valley; BC; Canada

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mahmood, F. N. (2016). NITRATE IN COAL WASTE ROCK DUMPS, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7356

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mahmood, Fazilatun Nessa. “NITRATE IN COAL WASTE ROCK DUMPS, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.” 2016. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7356.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mahmood, Fazilatun Nessa. “NITRATE IN COAL WASTE ROCK DUMPS, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Mahmood FN. NITRATE IN COAL WASTE ROCK DUMPS, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7356.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mahmood FN. NITRATE IN COAL WASTE ROCK DUMPS, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7356

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

4. Buchynski, Matthew. Characterizing the Transport of the Stable Isotopes of Water in Unsaturated Soils.

Degree: 2017, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/8258

► infiltration. The peak shift method is used to calculate a net percolation rate by finding the location of isotope peaks. The literature applying the peak… (more)

▼ infiltration. The peak shift method is used to calculate a net percolation rate by finding the location of isotope peaks. The literature applying the peak shift methods is plentiful. However, when extensive spreading occurs by diffusion and dispersion and a well-defined peak is no longer present the peak shift method is not applicable and another method of analysis is needed. The goal of this work was to develop a better understanding of the diffusive and dispersive movement of isotopes within an unsaturated soil. Isotopes can be partitioned to the vapour phase where they can be stored and transported in addition to the aqueous phase. A dual phase relationship was derived to analyze isotope profiles where significant spreading has occurred. A dual phase (i.e. vapour and liquid) diffusion – water content relationship was developed using water isotope, carbon dioxide, and oxygen gas diffusion literature including gaseous and aqueous phase tortuosities. This relationship was evaluated using the results from a set of double half-cell diffusion cells. Each cell allowed for a diffusion coefficient to be measured at specific volumetric water content. The experimental procedures proved to be challenging and required several iterations to collect quality data. Interpretation of the diffusion cell data resulted in a best fit dual phase model, using the gaseous phase tortuosity model of Penman (1940) and the aqueous phase tortuosity model recommended by Padilla et al. (1999) with the saturated tortuosity from Maxwell (1881). The proposed diffusion model was also evaluated using the observations from a column test used to simulate infiltration under simple field conditions. Simulated rainfall was allowed to infiltrate and diffuse. Isotope values were measured over the column elevation at different times. These observations were used to verify the dual-phase diffusion model as well as several different dispersivity-water content relationships. The diffusion behavior observed in the column experiment was consistent with the combined dual-phase model selected from the diffusion cells. Advisors/Committee Members: Barbour, S Lee, Hendry, M Jim, Maule, Charles, Ferguson, Grant, de Boer, Dirk.

Subjects/Keywords: Isotopes; Stable Isotopes of Water; Hydrology; Hydrogeology; Transport; Water

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Buchynski, M. (2017). Characterizing the Transport of the Stable Isotopes of Water in Unsaturated Soils. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/8258

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Buchynski, Matthew. “Characterizing the Transport of the Stable Isotopes of Water in Unsaturated Soils.” 2017. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/8258.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Buchynski, Matthew. “Characterizing the Transport of the Stable Isotopes of Water in Unsaturated Soils.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Buchynski M. Characterizing the Transport of the Stable Isotopes of Water in Unsaturated Soils. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/8258.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Buchynski M. Characterizing the Transport of the Stable Isotopes of Water in Unsaturated Soils. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/8258

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

5. Kulpa, Keely. Hydrogeological modeling of Northern Ireland drumlins in three dimensions.

Degree: 2014, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-04-1517

► The need to renew and expand civil infrastructure, combined with an increased acknowledgement of a changing climate, has highlighted the need to incorporate the influence… (more)

▼ The need to renew and expand civil infrastructure, combined with an increased acknowledgement of a changing climate, has highlighted the need to incorporate the influence of climatic factors into the design of infrastructure. In geotechnical engineering, this includes understanding how climate influences the performance of slopes associated with engineered cuttings in pre- existing natural landforms. This understanding extends to both hydrological and hydrogeological conditions, both of which are often analyzed using numerical modeling of surface water and groundwater. Climate change predictions for Northern Ireland indicate that the amount and intensity of rainfall and extreme weather events will increase. This has raised concerns regarding the stability of existing engineered cut-slopes and the design of future highway and railway infrastructure. Recent studies have indicated that there is a link between pore pressure cycles and softening of slope structures, especially in clay rich materials typical of glacial till drumlins in Northern Ireland. These pore pressure fluctuations are caused by seasonal changes in the rate of recharge which then propagate through the deeper hydrogeologic system. As a consequence, the design of these cuttings requires that the hydrogeological response of these landforms to seasonal climate variations be incorporated into geotechnical designs. Two dimensional hydrogeological simulations are typically used in engineering practice. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of these simulations to dimensionality (two- and three-dimensions). The primary focus was on steady state groundwater flow within two drumlins with large slope cuts. Two- and three-dimensional groundwater models were developed using available information for a highway and a railway study site. The performance of each of these models was then compared to field monitoring from each site. A series of sensitivity studies were undertaken to evaluate the influence of key material properties and boundary conditions. Estimated recharge rates were found to range from 21 to 31 mm year-1 for both the railway (Craigmore) and highway (Loughbrickland) study sites. The hydraulic head distribution at the Craigmore site was similar for both dimensional simulations with a “best-fit” recharge rate of 50 to 60 mm year-1. At the Loughbrickland site, similar hydraulic head distributions with the “best-fit” recharge rate of 80 mm year-1 were reached in both dimensions. Overall, the research completed here emphasized the importance of gathering appropriate data prior to conducting development of hydrogeological models. As more data is made available, the overall complexity of the system can be better understood. As the complexity of the problem increases, the requirements for understanding the hydrogeological system in all three-dimensions becomes more important. Advisors/Committee Members: Barbour, S. Lee, Elshorbagy, Amin, Ferguson, Grant.

Subjects/Keywords: hydrogeology; dimensionality effects; groundwater flow; glacial till

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kulpa, K. (2014). Hydrogeological modeling of Northern Ireland drumlins in three dimensions. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-04-1517

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kulpa, Keely. “Hydrogeological modeling of Northern Ireland drumlins in three dimensions.” 2014. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-04-1517.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kulpa, Keely. “Hydrogeological modeling of Northern Ireland drumlins in three dimensions.” 2014. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kulpa K. Hydrogeological modeling of Northern Ireland drumlins in three dimensions. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-04-1517.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kulpa K. Hydrogeological modeling of Northern Ireland drumlins in three dimensions. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-04-1517

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

6. Brickner, Heather. The mobility of petroleum hydrocarbons in Athabasca oil sands tailings.

Degree: 2013, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-09-1345

► Several oil sands tailings from Suncor Energy Inc. were analysed with respect to the mobility and solubility of the petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contaminants. At sites… (more)

▼ Several oil sands tailings from Suncor Energy Inc. were analysed with respect to the mobility and solubility of the petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) contaminants. At sites where oil sands tailings materials have been disposed of and are covered with a growing medium, the PHCs from the tailings may slowly migrate into the reclamation cover, increasing their availability to the plants in the cover system, which could be detrimental to the development and establishment of the plant cover system. This study characterized the PHC content of the tailings and quantified the desorption and diffusion coefficients for F2 and F3 fraction PHCs. All tailings materials collected from Suncor were characterized for initial PHC content. Desorption coefficients were experimentally determined using batch tests for 9 tailings materials (MFT, LG MFT, PT MFT, Tailings Sand, P4 UB Surface, P4 UB Auger, 2:1 CT, 4:1 CT and 6:1 CT). The experimental results from the batch tests were fitted to a Langmuir hyperbolic isotherm model. Diffusion coefficients were determined by fitting the experimental results from a radial diffusion 1-dimensional experiment to a Finite Difference Model. Diffusion coefficients for F2 and F3 Fraction PHCs were developed for 7 tailings materials (MFT, LG MFT, PT MFT, Tailings Sand, 2:1 CT, 4:1 CT and 6:1 CT). The diffusion coefficients (D*) and the Langmuir desorption constants ( and ) developed from these experiments are included in Table A.1. The desorption coefficients resulting from this study are similar to those reported for the desorption of asphaltene, which is one of the components in oil sands tailings. The Langmuir isotherm model was found to be the best fit for the experimental desorption data; the Langmuir isotherm model is commonly used in sorption isotherms of organic chemicals. The results of the radial diffusion experiments agree with diffusion rates found by other researchers in similar porous media. More research may be needed to verify both of these preliminary results for the desorptive and diffusive transport of F2 and F3 PHC fractions in tailings. Tailings composition will continue to change as new technologies for fines settling and bitumen extraction are developed. The diffusion of PHCs from these new materials will need to be examined as it is probable that these changes will affect the transport and mobility of the contaminants. Advisors/Committee Members: Fleming, Ian, Barbour, S. Lee, Chang, Won Jae, Lindsay, Matt.

Subjects/Keywords: Athabasca oil sands; oil sands tailings; contaminant transport; diffusion; desorption

…and the University of Saskatchewan laboratory. Results are considered statistically the same…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brickner, H. (2013). The mobility of petroleum hydrocarbons in Athabasca oil sands tailings. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-09-1345

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brickner, Heather. “The mobility of petroleum hydrocarbons in Athabasca oil sands tailings.” 2013. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-09-1345.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brickner, Heather. “The mobility of petroleum hydrocarbons in Athabasca oil sands tailings.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Brickner H. The mobility of petroleum hydrocarbons in Athabasca oil sands tailings. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-09-1345.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Brickner H. The mobility of petroleum hydrocarbons in Athabasca oil sands tailings. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-09-1345

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

7. Landine, Patrick Gordon. Weathering and diagenesis of Saskatchewan potash tailings.

Degree: 1993, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10212004-000206

► The solid wastes or tailings produced by the Saskatchewan potash industry are the topic of this dissertation. The waste is composed primarily of sodium chloride.… (more)

▼ The solid wastes or tailings produced by the Saskatchewan potash industry are the topic of this dissertation. The waste is composed primarily of sodium chloride. Brine is generated due to atmospheric precipitation on the tailings piles. The release of brine to the local environment is the prime environmental problem facing the potash mining industry. The main objectives of this research project were to: (1) Observe and document the weathering processes; (2) Observe and measure the changes in physical and chemical properties after deposition; and (3) Identify and describe the processes responsible for changes in the physical and chemical properties. Field reconnaissance of seven tailings piles revealed a geomorphology related to karst topography. Unique features were observed and described, probable mechanisms were suggested for their development. Field cores were recovered at two tailings piles in the Saskatoon region. Laboratory procedures performed on field cores included: water content, insoluble content, dry density, hydraulic conductivity, chemical composition by wet chemistry, petrographic observation, electron microprobe analysis and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Profiles of dry density in recently deposited tailings showed a relatively constant value of about 7.45 Mg/m3, while dry density in older abandoned tailings areas increased significantly with depth, with values as high as 2.07 Mg/m3. Hydraulic conductivity was influenced by the dry density and fabric of the specimens. Low hydraulic conductivity was observed in uniformly dense specimens and specimens with thin laminations of insoluble minerals or high density. Chemical composition profiles showed that potassium chloride (KCl) is removed from the tailings shortly after deposition and that calcium sulphate (CaSO4) is leached from the weathered zone and enriched within fine textured laminations below the weathered zone. Petrographic and microprobe analysis showed: detrital fine grained gypsum in recently deposited tailings, an absence of detrital gypsum in weathered tailings and the presence of authigenic gypsum in fine textured laminations below the weathered zone. The solubility curve for CaSO4 in a sodium chloride brine was used to develop a model explaining the crystallization of gypsum within the tailings profile. The large increase of density after deposition was ascribed to secondary creep of the tailings mass. Advisors/Committee Members: Barbour, S. Lee.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Landine, P. G. (1993). Weathering and diagenesis of Saskatchewan potash tailings. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10212004-000206

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Landine, Patrick Gordon. “Weathering and diagenesis of Saskatchewan potash tailings.” 1993. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10212004-000206.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Landine, Patrick Gordon. “Weathering and diagenesis of Saskatchewan potash tailings.” 1993. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Landine PG. Weathering and diagenesis of Saskatchewan potash tailings. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1993. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10212004-000206.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Landine PG. Weathering and diagenesis of Saskatchewan potash tailings. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1993. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-10212004-000206

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

8. Anochikwa, Collins Ifeanyichukwu. A coupled stress-flow numerical modelling methodology for identifying pore-pressure changes due to total soil moisture loading.

Degree: 2010, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04122010-220038

► This thesis describes a numerical modelling methodology to interpret dynamic fluctuations in pore-pressures to isolate the effects of loading associated with changes in total soil… (more)

▼ This thesis describes a numerical modelling methodology to interpret dynamic fluctuations in pore-pressures to isolate the effects of loading associated with changes in total soil moisture (site water balance) alone. The methodology is required to enhance the data-interpretation and performance-assessment for potential applications of a novel piezometer-based, large-scale, geological weighing lysimeter. This interpretative methodology is based on a method of superimposing computer-based numerical analyses of independent causes of pore-pressure transients to separate the different pore-pressure responses. Finite element coupled load-deformation and seepage numerical models were used to simulate field-observed piezometric responses to water table fluctuations and loading induced by surface water balance (using meteorological data). Transient pore-pressures in a deep clay-till-aquitard arising from variations in the water table within a surface-aquifer were modelled and removed from the measured pore-pressure record (corrected for earth tide and barometric effects) to isolate and identify pore-pressure fluctuations arising from loading associated with site water balance. These estimates were compared to simulated pore-pressure responses to an independently measured water balance using meteorological instrumentation. The simulations and observations of the pore-pressure responses to surface water balance were in good agreement over the “dry” years of a 9-year period. Some periods of significant differences did occur during “wet” years in which runoff, which is not accounted for in the current analyses, may have occurred. The identification of pore-pressure response to total soil moisture loading using the developed numerical modelling methodology enhances the potential for the deployment of the piezometer-based geological weighing lysimeter for different applications which include real-time monitoring of site water balance and hydrological events such as precipitation and flooding. Interestingly, the disparity occurring during the “wet” years even suggests the potential to adapt the method to monitor runoff (net lateral flow). The methodology also demonstrated the capability to accurately estimate in situ elastic and hydraulic parameters. Calibration of the model yielded “equivalent” properties of the aquitard (hydraulic conductivity, Kv, of 2.1E-5 m/day and specific storage, Ss, of 1.36E-5 /m) for a Skempton’s B-bar coefficient of 0.91 for an assumed porosity of 0.26. Sensitivity tests also provided insight into the consolidation and pressure propagation (swelling) behaviour of the aquitard under parametric variations. The parameters obtained are consistent with range of values reported for glacial clay till soil. Therefore, this work also provides a unique case history of a method for determining, large scale, in situ material properties for geo-engineers and scientists to explore by simply using piezometric and meteorological data. Advisors/Committee Members: Barbour, S. Lee, van der Kamp, Garth, Samarasekera, Lal, Haug, Moir, Bashir, Rashid, Reeves, Malcom.

Subjects/Keywords: hydraulic conductivity; consolidation; elastic modulus; water balance; barometric correction of pore-pressure; pore-pressure transients

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APA (6^th Edition):

Anochikwa, C. I. (2010). A coupled stress-flow numerical modelling methodology for identifying pore-pressure changes due to total soil moisture loading. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04122010-220038

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Anochikwa, Collins Ifeanyichukwu. “A coupled stress-flow numerical modelling methodology for identifying pore-pressure changes due to total soil moisture loading.” 2010. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04122010-220038.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Anochikwa, Collins Ifeanyichukwu. “A coupled stress-flow numerical modelling methodology for identifying pore-pressure changes due to total soil moisture loading.” 2010. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Anochikwa CI. A coupled stress-flow numerical modelling methodology for identifying pore-pressure changes due to total soil moisture loading. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04122010-220038.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Anochikwa CI. A coupled stress-flow numerical modelling methodology for identifying pore-pressure changes due to total soil moisture loading. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04122010-220038

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

9. Szmigielski, Jakub. CHARACTERIZING A GROUNDWATER SYSTEM DOWNGRADIENT OF A COAL MINE WASTE ROCK DUMP, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.

Degree: 2015, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-09-2240

► Seepage from steelmaking coal mine waste rock dumps in the Elk Valley, British Columbia, Canada can contain selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), and sulfate (SO42-) from… (more)

▼ Seepage from steelmaking coal mine waste rock dumps in the Elk Valley, British Columbia, Canada can contain selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), and sulfate (SO42-) from the oxidation of sulfide minerals, and nitrate (NO3-) from blasting. The impact of these constituents of interest (CIs) on receiving groundwater systems and the potential for their natural attenuation is investigated. A 10.7 km2 mine-impacted research catchment (West Line Creek) was instrumented with 13 monitoring wells and 8 drivepoint wells to characterize the hydraulics and geochemistry of the aquifer system downgradient of the waste rock dump. These data were augmented with geophysical surveys and by characterizing the lithology, geotechnical properties, and geochemistry of core samples obtained during drilling. Furthermore, the groundwater monitoring program also facilitated the development of a conceptual model of hydrogeology in a small montane valley. An unconfined aquifer at the overburden/fractured bedrock interface, i.e. the basal alluvial aquifer was identified as the primary groundwater conduit for the migration of water and solutes from the waste rock dump toward Line Creek. Vertical and horizontal dispersion of CIs was confirmed with porewater analysis of core samples, with Se concentrations exceeding the BC water quality guideline (2.0 µg/L) in 98% of samples (n = 223). Residence time for groundwater in the overburden aquifers was determined using 3H/3He age dating (n = 3) and estimates of groundwater velocity to be less than three years across the 650 m study site. The chemistry of groundwater was compared with rock drain water samples to evaluate CIs from their source through to identified discharge locations. Linear correlation of CI concentrations with SO42- concentrations in water samples showed that Se and NO3- were conservative solutes, whereas Cd was non-conservative and may be undergoing mineral precipitation or adsorption reactions in the groundwater system. The distribution of CIs in the overburden aquifers was seasonally variable and dilution was determined to be the dominant mechanism controlling the concentrations of conservative CIs (Se, SO42- and NO3-) away from the toe of the waste rock dump and during the spring freshet. The basal alluvial aquifer downgradient of the waste rock dump was estimated to annually discharge 16% of the water and 7% of the SO42- load from the catchment. Advisors/Committee Members: Hendry, M. Jim, Barbour, S. Lee, Ferguson, Grant, Lindsay, Matthew, Cherie, Westbrook.

Subjects/Keywords: Selenium; Aquifer Characterization; Cadmium; Nitrate; Groundwater; Coal Mining

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APA (6^th Edition):

Szmigielski, J. (2015). CHARACTERIZING A GROUNDWATER SYSTEM DOWNGRADIENT OF A COAL MINE WASTE ROCK DUMP, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-09-2240

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Szmigielski, Jakub. “CHARACTERIZING A GROUNDWATER SYSTEM DOWNGRADIENT OF A COAL MINE WASTE ROCK DUMP, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.” 2015. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-09-2240.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Szmigielski, Jakub. “CHARACTERIZING A GROUNDWATER SYSTEM DOWNGRADIENT OF A COAL MINE WASTE ROCK DUMP, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.” 2015. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Szmigielski J. CHARACTERIZING A GROUNDWATER SYSTEM DOWNGRADIENT OF A COAL MINE WASTE ROCK DUMP, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-09-2240.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Szmigielski J. CHARACTERIZING A GROUNDWATER SYSTEM DOWNGRADIENT OF A COAL MINE WASTE ROCK DUMP, ELK VALLEY, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-09-2240

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

10. Strunk, Randi Lynn. An evaluation of the performance of prototype instrumented soil covers at the Regina municipal landfill.

Degree: 2009, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03242009-100513

► The City of Regina Fleet Street landfill, north-east of Regina, Saskatchewan, is approaching its maximum capacity after a 47-year operating life and plans are now… (more)

▼ The City of Regina Fleet Street landfill, north-east of Regina, Saskatchewan, is approaching its maximum capacity after a 47-year operating life and plans are now being made for its closure. As part of closure planning work, four test plots encompassing two different cover designs (a capillary break cover and a store-and-release cover) were constructed on the landfill in the summer of 2004. One cover of each design was constructed on both the north facing and the south facing slopes. The overall objective of this thesis is to evaluate the preliminary performance of the four test plots on the City of Regina landfill with regards to net percolation, gas flux, water balance and vegetation. To meet this overall objective three specific objectives were developed as follows: •Evaluate the performance and integrity of the monitoring scheme. •Characterize the properties of the soil covers on the four test plots. •Develop a preliminary water balance using the monitoring field data. A field instrumentation program was carried out which included detailed monitoring of gas composition, volumetric water content, matric suction and temperature within the cover profile as well as measurements of interflow, runoff and site-specific meteorology. Generally, the instrumentation performed well with the exception of the tipping bucket which did not accurately measure precipitation. Evaluation of the covers revealed that the slope aspect exerts greater influence over the water balance than that exerted by cover design itself. The south test plots were drier than the north, experienced more net radiation, and generally had more abundant vegetation. A water balance was conducted for each test plot at the upper, mid and lower slope. It is clear that a capillary break was not maintained on the north slope for the entire monitoring period and the percolation from the store-and-release cover was less than that of the capillary break cover. The south test plots were very dry and net percolation was nearly the same for both test plots. Therefore, it is believed that the store-and-release covers are performing better than the capillary break covers. Advisors/Committee Members: Fleming, Ian R., Barbour, S. Lee, Maule, Charles P., Hubble, D., Putz, Gordon, Sharma, Jitendra.

Subjects/Keywords: soil cover; water balance; Landfill

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APA (6^th Edition):

Strunk, R. L. (2009). An evaluation of the performance of prototype instrumented soil covers at the Regina municipal landfill. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03242009-100513

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Strunk, Randi Lynn. “An evaluation of the performance of prototype instrumented soil covers at the Regina municipal landfill.” 2009. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03242009-100513.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Strunk, Randi Lynn. “An evaluation of the performance of prototype instrumented soil covers at the Regina municipal landfill.” 2009. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Strunk RL. An evaluation of the performance of prototype instrumented soil covers at the Regina municipal landfill. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03242009-100513.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Strunk RL. An evaluation of the performance of prototype instrumented soil covers at the Regina municipal landfill. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03242009-100513

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

11. Fenske, Dana. A study to evaluate the performance of reclamation soil covers placed over an oil sands fluid coke deposit.

Degree: 2011, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2011-10-342

► Coke, a by-product of petroleum extraction from oil sands, is considered a potential energy source and must be stored within the reclaimed landscape in a… (more)

▼ Coke, a by-product of petroleum extraction from oil sands, is considered a potential energy source and must be stored within the reclaimed landscape in a manner that allows it to be recovered in the future. Syncrude Canada constructed two instrumented watersheds at the Mildred Lake Settling Basin (tailings management facility) to study the effects of coke in the environment. The watersheds consisted of a “shallow” and a “deep” cover system with nominal thicknesses of 35cm and 100cm, overlying an approximate 5 m thick coke deposit. The two reclamation soil covers were constructed using peat-mineral mix placed over secondary (glacial till). The global objective of this research program was to evaluate the preliminary performance for each of the soil covers with respect to the available water holding capacity (AWHC). The specific objectives were to: a) install additional instrumentation to supplement the existing instrumented watersheds; b) characterize the properties of the covers on each watershed; and c) develop a preliminary, one-dimensional water balance for each watershed. Existing instrumentation on each cover (installed by others) included: a meteorological station; automated soil stations to monitor suction, water content and temperature; and, lysimeters to collect net percolation. Additional instrumentation was installed during this research program to track vertical and horizontal variations in soil conditions and included: access tubes for monitoring water content; temperature sensors; gas sampling points; and, standpipe piezometers to determine depth to the water table. The instrumentation generally performed well, with the exception of the lysimeters which did not appear to measure net percolation accurately. Through the measurement of soil parameters, interpretation of field monitoring data and laboratory testing, the covers were characterized for their relative ability to store water for plant growth. A water balance was determined for each watershed. Evaluation of the covers indicated that neither the deep nor the shallow covers were successful at storing sufficient water necessary for plant growth under dry conditions. However, the deep cover performed better than the shallow cover based on the overall cover performance, likely due to its higher AWHC. Advisors/Committee Members: Barbour, S. Lee, Hendry, M. Jim, Elshorbagy, Amin A., Hawkes, Christopher D., Feldman, Lisa.

Subjects/Keywords: oil sands; reclamation: cover trials

…time domain reflectometry University of Saskatchewan Unified Soil Classification System…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fenske, D. (2011). A study to evaluate the performance of reclamation soil covers placed over an oil sands fluid coke deposit. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2011-10-342

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fenske, Dana. “A study to evaluate the performance of reclamation soil covers placed over an oil sands fluid coke deposit.” 2011. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2011-10-342.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fenske, Dana. “A study to evaluate the performance of reclamation soil covers placed over an oil sands fluid coke deposit.” 2011. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Fenske D. A study to evaluate the performance of reclamation soil covers placed over an oil sands fluid coke deposit. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2011-10-342.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Fenske D. A study to evaluate the performance of reclamation soil covers placed over an oil sands fluid coke deposit. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2011-10-342

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

12. Lacher, Crystal. Moisture movement in highway pavement structures coupled with soil-atmospheric fluxes.

Degree: 2006, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06042009-085617

► The overall performance of a standard highway pavement structure depends on moisture characteristics of the underlying soil layers. Increase in the moisture content of the… (more)

▼ The overall performance of a standard highway pavement structure depends on moisture characteristics of the underlying soil layers. Increase in the moisture content of the sublayers caused by moisture fluxes across the soil-atmosphere interface, decreases the strength of the pavement structure, which may cause premature failure of the structure. Therefore, the ability to evaluate the surface fluxes may be helpful in understanding mechanisms, which may enhance or degrade highway pavement performance. This research evaluates the application of the soil-atmosphere modelling software VADOSE/W as a tool for predicting the movement of moisture in highway pavement structures. VADOSE/W is a two-dimensional transient finite element program that simulates coupled heat and moisture migration in unsaturated soils with particular focus on fluxes across the soil-atmosphere interface. A typical standard highway pavement structure in Saskatchewan was chosen to evaluate coupled heat and moisture interactions between highway pavement structures and atmosphere, and the impact that design features may have on moisture movement. A laboratory testing program was established to characterize the material properties of hot mix asphalt (HMA), which is used as a surface layer for the driving lane as well as on occasion for the shoulder of highway pavement structures. HMA was characterized by its saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil-water characteristic curve, vapour flux rate and air permeability. The saturated hydraulic conductivity defines the maximum rate at which water can infiltrate HMA in the absence of cracks. Drastic changes to the saturated hydraulic conductivity of HMA can significantly increase or decrease the amount of infiltration during critical storm durations. The volumetric water content of HMA decreases rapidly at relatively low values of suction suggesting that HMA is either relatively hydrophobic or contains cracking of the internal structure such that it demonstrates very low air entry values. The 'pore spaces' of the HMA are likely only partially filled with water following drainage. The vapour flux rate of HMA defines the maximum evaporation rate through HMA in the absence of cracks. HMA produces a negligible amount of evaporation during the summer period compared with the amount of infiltration. The measured and calculated air permeability results for HMA were quite different indicating that problems might have occurred during the testing process. Some of the possible problems include air bubbles in the manometer, air leakage, and not allowing the flow meter to come into equilibrium. A numerical modelling component evaluated the mechanisms of coupled heat and moisture flux into the pavement structure when using six different design features, which have the ability to either enhance or degrade performance. The six design features include: varying the fluxes on the HMA surface; changing the shoulder conditions from unpaved to paved shoulders; changing the steepness of the sideslope; using both good and poor… Advisors/Committee Members: Haug, Moir D., Barbour, S. Lee.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lacher, C. (2006). Moisture movement in highway pavement structures coupled with soil-atmospheric fluxes. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06042009-085617

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lacher, Crystal. “Moisture movement in highway pavement structures coupled with soil-atmospheric fluxes.” 2006. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06042009-085617.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lacher, Crystal. “Moisture movement in highway pavement structures coupled with soil-atmospheric fluxes.” 2006. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lacher C. Moisture movement in highway pavement structures coupled with soil-atmospheric fluxes. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2006. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06042009-085617.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lacher C. Moisture movement in highway pavement structures coupled with soil-atmospheric fluxes. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06042009-085617

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

13. Wilson, G. Ward. Soil evaporative fluxes for geotechnical engineering problems.

Degree: 1990, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07102008-083937

► Predicting the flow of water between the soil surface and the atmosphere is a critical issue which geotechnical engineers must resolve for many practical problems.… (more)

▼ Predicting the flow of water between the soil surface and the atmosphere is a critical issue which geotechnical engineers must resolve for many practical problems. The analysis of saturated-unsaturated groundwater flow problems requires the specification of the flux of water at the upper soil boundary. The flow of moisture at the ground surface is also important for many problems in soil mechanics. These include the analysis of volume change in expansive soils and the stability of slopes. The transfer of water across the soil-atmosphere surface occurs as infiltration and evaporation. The mechanics of infiltration into the soil surface is well understood and has been widely addressed in the literature. Alternately, the process of evaporation from the soil surface is poorly understood. Extreme difficulties frequently arise while predicting evaporation from unsaturated soil surfaces. Empirical methods of estimating evaporation from unsaturated soil surfaces can be found in the literature: however, the suitability and accuracy of these methods can be questioned. A theoretical approach for evaluating the rate of evaporation from an unsaturated soil surface is developed. The theory is based on the principles of Darcy's Law and Fick's Law to describe the flow of liquid water and water vapour in the saturated-unsaturated soil below the surface. Dalton's Law and a modified form of Penman's Method for evaporation are utilized to predict evaporation from the soil surface. Drying tests were conducted using three distinct soil types of sand, silt and clay. The soil surfaces were found to evaporate at the same rate as free water surfaces when saturated. The rate of evaporation begins to decline once the soil surfaces become unsaturated and total suction exceed approximately 3000 kPa. The rate of evaporation is proportional to total suction and continues to decline as suction increases. This principle appears independent of soil type and universal for the three texturally distinct soils selected for testing. The rate of evaporation may be predicted on the basis of the water content of the soil and its moisture retention curve established using routine test procedures. The proposed theory was used to simulate the results of a 42 day evaporation test for a column of fine, uniform, clean sand. Good agreement was generally found between the computed and measured values of evaporation rate, soil water content and soil temperature. Additional analyses were conducted using various values of the saturated coefficient of permeability and the pore-size distribution index. The computed evaporative fluxes were found to be very sensitive to the permeability of the soil. Varying the coefficient of molecular diffusion for water vapour was also found to influence the rate of evaporation. The modified Penman expression was applied to an example evaporation problem for Saskatoon, Saskatchewan during a 10 day period in July. The evaporative fluxes were computed with the watertable positioned at several depths below the… Advisors/Committee Members: Fredlund, Delwyn G., Barbour, S. Lee.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wilson, G. W. (1990). Soil evaporative fluxes for geotechnical engineering problems. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07102008-083937

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wilson, G Ward. “Soil evaporative fluxes for geotechnical engineering problems.” 1990. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07102008-083937.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wilson, G Ward. “Soil evaporative fluxes for geotechnical engineering problems.” 1990. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Wilson GW. Soil evaporative fluxes for geotechnical engineering problems. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1990. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07102008-083937.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wilson GW. Soil evaporative fluxes for geotechnical engineering problems. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1990. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07102008-083937

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

14. Fonstad, Terrance Alden. Transport and fate of nitrogen from earthen manure storage effluent seepage.

Degree: 2004, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03312009-133107

► The primary focus of this project was determination of the potential for nitrogen transport and mobility from earthen manure storage (EMS) facilities - the key… (more)

▼ The primary focus of this project was determination of the potential for nitrogen transport and mobility from earthen manure storage (EMS) facilities - the key issue in regulations, guidelines, and management practices. Specific objectives, addressed through an integrated set of laboratory, column and batch test experiments and detailed field monitoring, were to: 1. Measure effluent source chemistry within EMS used in pork production operations and interpret this chemistry in light of the potential for contaminant transport and groundwater contamination; 2. Characterize geochemical conditions within an EMS effluent plume and summarize factors controlling mobility of species of concern; and 3. Develop a method of establishing nitrogen mobility based on effluent and/or soil characteristics. EMS solutions contained, on a molar basis, 36% ammonium, 36% bicarbonate, 8% potassium, 6% chloride, 5% sodium plus sulphate, calcium, magnesium and other nutrients. Additionally, the solution contained ~6,000 and 9,000 mg/L organic and inorganic carbon, respectively, and had a near neutral pH. The high biological demand results in a solution with a low Eh causing nitrogen to remain in the ammonium form. Conditions within the effluent plume were slightly reducing due to naturally low oxygen concentrations and the chemistry of the EMS effluent. Ammonium and potassium transport in the effluent plume was attenuated by ion exchange; the release of magnesium and calcium from the soil exchange complex produced concentrations in excess of 29 and 7 times their concentration respectively in the background groundwater. This hard water front or "hardness halo" offers a method to provide early indications of EMS plume advance. Organic carbon transport was similar to chloride (assumed to be non reactive) and further promoted reducing conditions. Nitrogen remained as ammonium with the exception of the leading edge and upper fringe of the plume where both oxidation and reduction of nitrogen occurred depending on chemical conditions and time of year. The variability of the retardation of cations during contaminant transport may be caused by variations in ion adsorption due to variability in their selectivity by the soil exchange complex. Preliminary modeling of EMS effluent transport using varying selectivity coefficients illustrates the potential for enhancement of current models by incorporation of subroutines to accommodate variable selectivity. Selectivity coefficients for ammonium, as referenced to sodium, varied from 0.23 to 2.2 and distribution coefficients for ammonium varied from 0.03 to 0.8L/kg. The ability of ammonium to replace ions on the exchange sites was a function of the ratio of monovalent to divalent cations in solution rather than the concentration of only the ammonium in solution. The ability of ammonium to replace ions on the exchange sites increased with an increasing ratio of monovalent to divalent cations in solution, and became significant above a ratio of 0.9. The retardation factor for ammonium was determined… Advisors/Committee Members: Haug, Moir D., Barbour, S. Lee.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Fonstad, T. A. (2004). Transport and fate of nitrogen from earthen manure storage effluent seepage. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03312009-133107

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fonstad, Terrance Alden. “Transport and fate of nitrogen from earthen manure storage effluent seepage.” 2004. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03312009-133107.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fonstad, Terrance Alden. “Transport and fate of nitrogen from earthen manure storage effluent seepage.” 2004. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Fonstad TA. Transport and fate of nitrogen from earthen manure storage effluent seepage. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2004. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03312009-133107.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Fonstad TA. Transport and fate of nitrogen from earthen manure storage effluent seepage. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2004. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03312009-133107

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

15. Reifferscheid, Laura Jean. In situ measurement of the coefficient of molecular diffusion in fine-grained till.

Degree: 2007, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07112007-135307

► Diffusion dominated systems, including naturally occurring aquitards and engineered barrier systems, are important components for long-term waste containment. Diffusive transport can be quantified using the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: in situ; diffusion; clay aquitard

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reifferscheid, L. J. (2007). In situ measurement of the coefficient of molecular diffusion in fine-grained till. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07112007-135307

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reifferscheid, Laura Jean. “In situ measurement of the coefficient of molecular diffusion in fine-grained till.” 2007. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07112007-135307.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reifferscheid, Laura Jean. “In situ measurement of the coefficient of molecular diffusion in fine-grained till.” 2007. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Reifferscheid LJ. In situ measurement of the coefficient of molecular diffusion in fine-grained till. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07112007-135307.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Reifferscheid LJ. In situ measurement of the coefficient of molecular diffusion in fine-grained till. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-07112007-135307

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

16. Bruch, Philip G. Laboratory study of evaporative fluxes in homogeneous and layered soils.

Degree: 1993, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06262008-125139

► Many problems faced by geotechnical engineers require the prediction of the water flux boundary condition at the soil surface. Soil covers for the decommissioning of… (more)

▼ Many problems faced by geotechnical engineers require the prediction of the water flux boundary condition at the soil surface. Soil covers for the decommissioning of landfills and tailings piles are one of the primary engineering applications in this category. The purpose of a cover may be to minimize infiltration, reduce radon fluxes, or prevent the generation of acidic leachates. Two cover concepts which are currently being evaluated for various applications are capillary barriers and moisture retaining covers. Both of these concepts involve multi-layered soil covers in which the soils and the layering combinations are chosen to achieve the design requirements. The processes of evaporation and moisture redistribution in homogeneous and layered soils were studied through the use of column evaporation tests. Six soil columns were tested: three homogeneous profiles, and three layered configurations. The soils used for the column evaporation tests were an aeolian sand (Beaver Creek sand), a natural silt, and a processed silt. The column evaporation tests were conducted with a constant head boundary condition (representing a shallow water table) at the base of the column for 31 days, after which the lower boundary condition was changed to a zero flux condition. The column evaporation tests were continued for approximately 30 days with the zero flux boundary condition at the base of the column. Measurements taken during the column evaporation tests included gravimetric water contents, temperatures, suctions (using tensiometers) and evaporation rates. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the influence of soil hydraulic properties (saturated hydraulic conductivity, air entryvalue, andpore size distribution index) on the maximum evaporation rate sustainable from soil profiles corresponding to those used in the column evaporation tests. The sensitivity analyses indicated that the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the air entry value have a greater effect on the maximum evaporation rate than the pore size distribution index for the soils and layering combinations analyzed. The column evaporation tests were modelled using the computer program SWIM (Soil Water Infiltration and Movement). SWIM is based on the Richards equation for flow in unsaturated porous media and accounts only for liquid phase flow. The SWIM model was limited by the curve fitting functions used to determine moisture retention curves and hydraulic conductivity functions. The computed moisture contents from SWIM showed reasonable agreement for the natural silt and processed silt. The results for the Beaver Creek sand showed poor agreement due to the steep moisture retention curve for this material. This thesis indicates that selective layering of multi-layered soil covers has potential in designing capillary barriers or moisture retaining covers where the covers will be subjected to predominantly evaporative conditions. Advisors/Committee Members: Fredlund, Delwyn G., Barbour, S. Lee.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bruch, P. G. (1993). Laboratory study of evaporative fluxes in homogeneous and layered soils. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06262008-125139

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bruch, Philip G. “Laboratory study of evaporative fluxes in homogeneous and layered soils.” 1993. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06262008-125139.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bruch, Philip G. “Laboratory study of evaporative fluxes in homogeneous and layered soils.” 1993. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bruch PG. Laboratory study of evaporative fluxes in homogeneous and layered soils. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1993. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06262008-125139.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bruch PG. Laboratory study of evaporative fluxes in homogeneous and layered soils. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1993. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06262008-125139

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

17. Rowlett, Dwayne K. Development of a stand-pipe lysimeter for unsaturated waste rock.

Degree: 1999, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-11262008-130456

► A concern of the mining industry is the release of contaminants from waste rock piles into the environment. The current method of monitoring waste rock… (more)

▼ A concern of the mining industry is the release of contaminants from waste rock piles into the environment. The current method of monitoring waste rock piles is to install piezometers below the water table in the soils underlying the unsaturated waste rock piles and collect a sample of water for chemical analysis. However, once a problem is detected it may be too late to initiate effective remedial measures because the contaminants are already in the local groundwater system. Therefore, it would be desirable to have an instrument that could serve as a piezometer, but be located in the unsaturated waste rock well above the local groundwater table. A stand-pipe lysimeter designed to measure suction and collect pore water samples from unsaturated waste rock piles has been developed and verified in a large-scale laboratory test. The laboratory testing of the prototype lysimeter involved the building of two large-scale test columns, each of which was 0.56 m in diameter and 3.6 m in height. The gradations of the test columns (coarse and fine) bracket the range of grainsize curves for waste rock as found in the literature and as measured in a number of research programs at the University of Saskatchewan. Applying different infiltration rates to the top of the column varied the suction profiles within the waste rock column. For each infiltration rate the suction profile of the columns was measured using both tensiometers and the lysimeters. The suction measurements were then compared and evaluated. Pore water samples were collected from the lysimeter by draining the base of the lysimeter. The volume of water and the time required to collect a pore water sample was measured. The results of column testing verified that the lysimeter could be used to measure the suction within the waste rock columns. The lysimeter measurement of suction was found to be slightly lower than the suction obtained with tensiometers, with an error of less than 1 kPa at suctions less than 10 kPa and an error of less than 2 kPa for suctions between 10 and 20 kPa. The pore fluid collection rates for the lysimeter, expressed as a ratio of the applied flux increased as the applied flux decreased. This was found to be a result of the lysimeter backfill becoming the preferential flowpath at low flux rates. Advisors/Committee Members: Haug, Moir D., Barbour, S. Lee.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rowlett, D. K. (1999). Development of a stand-pipe lysimeter for unsaturated waste rock. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-11262008-130456

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rowlett, Dwayne K. “Development of a stand-pipe lysimeter for unsaturated waste rock.” 1999. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-11262008-130456.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rowlett, Dwayne K. “Development of a stand-pipe lysimeter for unsaturated waste rock.” 1999. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Rowlett DK. Development of a stand-pipe lysimeter for unsaturated waste rock. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1999. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-11262008-130456.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rowlett DK. Development of a stand-pipe lysimeter for unsaturated waste rock. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1999. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-11262008-130456

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

18. Singh, Manoj Kumar. Characterization of stress-deformation behaviour of municipal solid waste.

Degree: 2008, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08052008-120327

► Several catastrophic failures have occurred during the past two decades, both in engineered as well as non-engineered landfills. In addition, there are numerous instances of… (more)

▼ Several catastrophic failures have occurred during the past two decades, both in engineered as well as non-engineered landfills. In addition, there are numerous instances of significant deformations, although not failure in the sense of significant and rapid downslope mass movement, which may cause sufficient damage to buried gas and leachate collection infrastructure. One such instance was observed in 1999 near the toe of a 75 m high 4H:1V slope at the Brock West Landfill in Ontario, Canada. Significant distortion of gas collection laterals was observed at this site. The present research is an in-depth study intended to examine deformation in landfills based on a detailed study of the mechanical properties of municipal solid waste. Four research objectives were defined based on identified shortcomings and knowledge gaps in the existing literature pertaining to mechanical properties of MSW viz; (a) to develop a method for obtaining intact samples of MSW and to examine the significance of using intact and recompacted samples in characterizing the stress-deformation behaviour of MSW; (b) to characterize MSW shear strength and Young’s modulus of elasticity from interpretation of triaxial test results and to determine the parameters of a non-linear elastic constitutive model as applied to MSW; (c) to measure the evolution of compressibility behaviour of MSW with degradation and verify the mechanism of secondary compression in waste; (d) to develop a simple design chart for predicting lateral deformations in landfills. A comprehensive research program was carried out to address various research objectives - field monitoring of deformations at the Brock West site; triaxial compression tests on large intact and recompacted samples of waste; simulating waste degradation in a large laboratory compression cell; analyzing stress-strain data from various published studies and a numerical modelling study. Interpretation of the effective stress paths followed during shearing in triaxial compression tests suggested that while recompacted samples may be sufficient to characterize shear strength parameters for use in stability analysis of landfill slopes, there might be a benefit in obtaining intact samples to evaluate the deformation characteristics of MSW. A hyperbolic model is proposed to describe the stress-deformation response of waste. The required parameters for this model were determined from evaluation of the results of numerous triaxial tests, both from this study and from the published literature. Observations from the long-term degradation test suggested that degradation has a significant effect on the compressibility of waste and further verifies the mechanism of secondary compression in waste. The coefficient of at-rest lateral pressure was observed to maintain an essentially constant value during combined compression and degradation.The results obtained from the experimental work were combined with the findings of a stochastic numerical modelling study and a statistical evaluation of published data and used to propose… Advisors/Committee Members: Sharma, Jitendra, Fleming, Ian R., Pufahl, Dennis E., Peng, Jian, Fonstad, Terrance A., Dixon, Neil, Barbour, S. Lee, Sparling, Bruce F..

Subjects/Keywords: Landfill; Stability; Characterization; Non-linear behaviour; Design Chart; Deformation; MSW

10 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Singh, M. K. (2008). Characterization of stress-deformation behaviour of municipal solid waste. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08052008-120327

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Singh, Manoj Kumar. “Characterization of stress-deformation behaviour of municipal solid waste.” 2008. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08052008-120327.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Singh, Manoj Kumar. “Characterization of stress-deformation behaviour of municipal solid waste.” 2008. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Singh MK. Characterization of stress-deformation behaviour of municipal solid waste. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08052008-120327.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Singh MK. Characterization of stress-deformation behaviour of municipal solid waste. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08052008-120327

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

19. Hendry, Michael Thomson. Train-induced dynamic response of railway track and embankments on soft peaty foundations.

Degree: 2007, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08082007-185050

► The mainline railway track between Dublin and Belfast in Northern Ireland was constructed during the 1850's. Substantial lengths of railway embankment were constructed over poor-quality… (more)

▼ The mainline railway track between Dublin and Belfast in Northern Ireland was constructed during the 1850's. Substantial lengths of railway embankment were constructed over poor-quality peaty soils. This was accomplished using tree trunk fascines placed directly on the natural ground surface; with poor-quality local peaty soils used as light weight fill.In recent years, Northern Ireland Railways have noticed that these sections of railway track have been deteriorating more rapidly than sections of the track where the foundations are more competent. The magnitudes of displacement of the track under train loading appear to be increasing gradually over time and train speeds have had to be reduced.This thesis is based on the research done to monitor the response of these railway track and embankment structures to dynamic train loading. The displacements were monitored for two different embankments under a variety of loading conditions and for various seasonal conditions. These displacements were recorded using a sensor created for this task. The sensor consisted of a photo-sensitive array mounted on the sleepers and a laser, which was placed outside the area of influence of train loading, and shone on the photo-sensitive array. Analytical (Winkler) modelling was conducted to determine the effects of train speed and the cause of the large train-induced displacements. Analytical and finite element modelling were used to determine the effectiveness of alternative methods of embankment stabilization.The results from the analytical modelling suggest that the deformation of the embankment under train loading was not due to dynamic excitation, but static deformation of the poor-quality fill and soft foundation materials. From both the analytical and finite element modelling of possible remediation techniques, methods that stiffen the embankment and foundation material are shown to be the most effective at reducing the train induced deflection of the embankment. Advisors/Committee Members: Hughes, David, Barbour, S. Lee, Sharma, Jitendra, Haug, Moir D..

Subjects/Keywords: geotechnical; Northern Ireland; winkler; finite element modelling; railway; train; peat; embankment; FEM

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hendry, M. T. (2007). Train-induced dynamic response of railway track and embankments on soft peaty foundations. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08082007-185050

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hendry, Michael Thomson. “Train-induced dynamic response of railway track and embankments on soft peaty foundations.” 2007. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08082007-185050.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hendry, Michael Thomson. “Train-induced dynamic response of railway track and embankments on soft peaty foundations.” 2007. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hendry MT. Train-induced dynamic response of railway track and embankments on soft peaty foundations. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08082007-185050.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hendry MT. Train-induced dynamic response of railway track and embankments on soft peaty foundations. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08082007-185050

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

20. Hogan, Jaime Michele. Hydrologic behaviour and hydraulic properties of a patterned fen in Saskatchewan.

Degree: 2005, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01302006-151353

► A patterned, partially-treed, fen in the mid-boreal region of central Saskatchewan was the site of renewed hydrological research from 2002 to 2004. Hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: storativity; hydraulic conductivity; pumping tests; transmissivity; hydraulic properties; hydrology; Peat; compressibility; patterned fen

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hogan, J. M. (2005). Hydrologic behaviour and hydraulic properties of a patterned fen in Saskatchewan. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01302006-151353

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hogan, Jaime Michele. “Hydrologic behaviour and hydraulic properties of a patterned fen in Saskatchewan.” 2005. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01302006-151353.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hogan, Jaime Michele. “Hydrologic behaviour and hydraulic properties of a patterned fen in Saskatchewan.” 2005. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hogan JM. Hydrologic behaviour and hydraulic properties of a patterned fen in Saskatchewan. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2005. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01302006-151353.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hogan JM. Hydrologic behaviour and hydraulic properties of a patterned fen in Saskatchewan. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-01302006-151353

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

21. Bonstrom, Kristie. Physical controls on water migration in above ground elemental sulphur blocks.

Degree: 2007, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04252007-114610

► Elemental sulphur (S0) is produced from processing bitumen from the oil sands region, Alberta. Long term storage of this S0 is under consideration. The objective… (more)

▼ Elemental sulphur (S0) is produced from processing bitumen from the oil sands region, Alberta. Long term storage of this S0 is under consideration. The objective of the current study was to determine the controls on water migration in variably saturated S0 blocks. Based on visual observations of S0 blocks, they were characterized as a hydrophobic fractured porous media. Thus, measurements of the hydraulic characteristics, including porosity (n) and hydraulic conductivity (K) of the matrix and the fractured media, were undertaken. These data were used to create characteristic relationships of unsaturated K (Kunsat) and volumetric moisture content (è) change with change in positive injection pressure (Ø).Analyses showed that the mean total matrix n (nm) was 0.094 ± 0.035 (n = 280), the mean n available for water migration (na) was 0.065 ± 0.044 (n = 8) and the mean (geometric) K for the matrix was 2.0 x 10-6 ± 2.1 x 10-6 ms-1. In the case of vertical fractures, the aperture frequencies were measured to be 2.5, 10.0 and 21.0 m-1 for fractures with apertures > 1.4, 1.4 to 0.6 and < 0.6 mm respectively while the frequency of horizontal fractures, were measured to be 1.7 and 3.7 m-1 for with apertures > 1.4, and < 1.4 mm respectively. The fracture n (nf) was determined to be 0.0135. è – Ø relationships were determined for both the fractured and non fractured media. From these plots, water entry values of 9 mm and 1 m were determined for the fracture pore space and the matrix pore space, respectively.Simulations of packer tests resulted in a bulk saturated K (Kb) values ranging from 8.5 x 10-5 to 2 x 10-4 ms-1 above 9 m depth and 3 x 10-6 to 1.5 x 10-5 ms-1 below 9 m depth. Coupled Kunsat – Ø and è – Ø relationships were used to conceptually describe water migration in S0 blocks under different precipitation and mounding conditions. These plots also showed that the Kb is dominated by the fractures. Advisors/Committee Members: Barbour, S. Lee, Hendry, M. Jim, Ansdell, Kevin M..

Subjects/Keywords: fractured porous media; hydrophobic; water migration; sulphur; unsaturated

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bonstrom, K. (2007). Physical controls on water migration in above ground elemental sulphur blocks. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04252007-114610

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bonstrom, Kristie. “Physical controls on water migration in above ground elemental sulphur blocks.” 2007. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04252007-114610.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bonstrom, Kristie. “Physical controls on water migration in above ground elemental sulphur blocks.” 2007. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bonstrom K. Physical controls on water migration in above ground elemental sulphur blocks. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04252007-114610.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bonstrom K. Physical controls on water migration in above ground elemental sulphur blocks. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04252007-114610

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

22. Shaw, Sean Adam. Geochemical and mineralogical impacts of sulfuric acid on clays between pH 5.0 and -3.0.

Degree: 2008, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-11252008-122801

► Natural and constructed clay liners are routinely used to contain waste and wastewater. The impact of acidic solutions on the geochemistry and mineralogy of clays… (more)

▼ Natural and constructed clay liners are routinely used to contain waste and wastewater. The impact of acidic solutions on the geochemistry and mineralogy of clays has been widely investigated in relation to acid mine drainage systems at pH > 1.0. The impact of sulfuric acid leachate characterized by pH < 1.0, including potentially negative pH values on the geochemistry and mineralogy of clays is, however, not clear. To address this deficiency a series of batch and diffusion cell studies, investigating the geochemical and mineralogical impacts of H2SO4 solutions (pH 5.0 to -3.0), were conducted on three mineralogically distinct clays (Kc, Km, and BK). Batch testing was conducted at seven pH treatments (5.0, 3.0, 1.0, 0.0, -1.0, -2.0 and -3.0) using standardized sulfuric acid solutions for four exposure periods (14, 90, 180, and 365 d). Aqueous geochemical, XRD, and Si and Al XANES analyses showed: increased dissolution of aluminosilicates with decreasing pH and increasing exposure period; preferential dissolution of aluminosilicate Al-octahedral layers relative to Si-tetrahedral layers; formation of an amorphous silica-like phase that was confined to the surface layer of the altered clay samples at pH ¡Ü 0.0 and t ¡Ý 90 d; and precipitation of anhydrite and a Al-SO4-rich phase (pH ¡Ü -1.0, t ¡Ý 90 d). The diffusive transport of H2SO4 (pH =1.0, -1.0, and -3.0) through the Kc and Km clays for 216 d was examined using single reservoir, constant concentration, diffusion cells. The diffusive transport of H+ within the cells was modeled using 1-D transport models that assumed no absorption, linear absorption, and non-linear absorption of H+. The absorption isotherms were calculated from the pH 5.0, 3.0, and 1.0 batch experiment results, which were assumed representative of H+ absorption at pH < 1.0. However, model results indicated that the batch test results can not account for the observed H+ consumption in all cells and greatly underestimate the amount of H+ consumption in the pH -1.0 and -3.0. In the Kc and Km diffusion cells, above-background Ca, Al, Fe, and Si aqueous concentrations were associated with depth intervals characterized by decreased pH values. Respective peak concentrations of 325, 403, 176, 11.7, and 1.38 x 103 ¦Ìmol g-1 (Kc) and 32.4, 426, 199, 7.2, and 1.22 x 103 ¦Ìmol g-1 (Km) were measured in the pH -3.0 cells. XRD results showed that the elevated concentrations corresponded to the loss of carbonates and montmorillonite peaks and decreased peak intensities for illite and kaolinite in depth intervals with pH ¡Ü 1.0, in the Kc and Km pH -1.0 and -3.0 cells. The combined results of these studies indicated that the long-term diffusion of H2SO4 through clays at pH < 1.0 will result in a large amount of primary phase dissolution; however, this will be accompanied by precipitation of soluble Ca and Al sulfate salts and amorphous silica, especially at pH ¡Ü 0.0. Additionally, the presence of even a small amount of carbonate will serve to greatly buffer the diffusive transport of H2SO4 through clays, even… Advisors/Committee Members: Hendry, M. Jim, Pan, Yuanming, Blowes, David, Barbour, S. Lee, Ansdell, Kevin M., Peak, J. Derek.

Subjects/Keywords: negative pH; geochemistry; clay; diffusion; acid mine drainage; mineralogy; Sulfur

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shaw, S. A. (2008). Geochemical and mineralogical impacts of sulfuric acid on clays between pH 5.0 and -3.0. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-11252008-122801

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shaw, Sean Adam. “Geochemical and mineralogical impacts of sulfuric acid on clays between pH 5.0 and -3.0.” 2008. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-11252008-122801.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shaw, Sean Adam. “Geochemical and mineralogical impacts of sulfuric acid on clays between pH 5.0 and -3.0.” 2008. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Shaw SA. Geochemical and mineralogical impacts of sulfuric acid on clays between pH 5.0 and -3.0. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-11252008-122801.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shaw SA. Geochemical and mineralogical impacts of sulfuric acid on clays between pH 5.0 and -3.0. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-11252008-122801

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

23. Lau, Jacky Tak Kwai. Desiccation cracking of soils.

Degree: 1987, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03242010-112414

► The depth of cracking of soils is often required for boundary value and limit equilibrium analyses in geotechnical engineering. At present, the depth of cracking… (more)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lau, J. T. K. (1987). Desiccation cracking of soils. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03242010-112414

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lau, Jacky Tak Kwai. “Desiccation cracking of soils.” 1987. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03242010-112414.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lau, Jacky Tak Kwai. “Desiccation cracking of soils.” 1987. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lau JTK. Desiccation cracking of soils. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1987. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03242010-112414.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lau JTK. Desiccation cracking of soils. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1987. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-03242010-112414

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

24. Schmidt, Patrick. Evaluation of capacitance moisture sensors for use in municipal solid waste.

Degree: 2010, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-02262010-102044

► Current municipal solid waste (MSW) practices have encouraged rapid waste degradation (stabilization) as an alternative to past methods of isolating the waste from the surrounding… (more)

▼ Current municipal solid waste (MSW) practices have encouraged rapid waste degradation (stabilization) as an alternative to past methods of isolating the waste from the surrounding environment. There are challenges to rapid-stabilization technology, in particular, the management of the in-situ MSW moisture content. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the use of capacitance moisture probes for the purpose of measuring the moisture content within MSW. Capacitance moisture probes have not previously been used in MSW, however their use in agriculture is extensive and knowledge of their potential for monitoring MSW is limited. The specific objectives of this research were to: i) establish a laboratory based correlation between sensor data and volumetric moisture content in MSW, ii) establish a correlation between field-installed capacitance sensors and moisture content derived from continuous-depth in-situ sampling of MSW, and iii) demonstrate the ability of capturing advancing/receding moisture fronts with the field-installed capacitance sensors. Laboratory trials were conducted using hand-compacted MSW at volumetric moisture contents ranging from 15%-55% and a manual type of capacitance sensor. This series of laboratory trials successfully produced a correlation between sensor output and volumetric moisture content. To evaluate the sensors in a real-world application, two configurations of capacitance moisture probes were installed in the field: i) an in-place, continuous-time capacitance probe, and ii) a portable, continuous-depth at discrete time, capacitance probe. Field results indicated that capacitance moisture probes were able to capture the passing of both an artificially and naturally induced moisture front, though quantitative correlation between the in-situ moisture content of the sampled MSW and the readings of the sensors could not be achieved. The reasons for this were a combination of three factors: 1. The introduction of void-space during sensor installation significantly reduced sensor output; 2. Poor MSW sampling technique resulted in 57% recovery (causing the exact origin of samples to be unknown); and 3. The sampling technique disturbed the MSW samples, resulting in incorrect volumetric moisture contents in the samples. Advisors/Committee Members: Fleming, Ian, Merriam, Jim, Mazurek, Kerry, Reeves, Malcolm, Barbour, S. Lee.

Subjects/Keywords: rapid stabilization; moisture sensing; capacitance sensors; municipal solid waste

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APA (6^th Edition):

Schmidt, P. (2010). Evaluation of capacitance moisture sensors for use in municipal solid waste. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-02262010-102044

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schmidt, Patrick. “Evaluation of capacitance moisture sensors for use in municipal solid waste.” 2010. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-02262010-102044.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schmidt, Patrick. “Evaluation of capacitance moisture sensors for use in municipal solid waste.” 2010. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Schmidt P. Evaluation of capacitance moisture sensors for use in municipal solid waste. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-02262010-102044.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Schmidt P. Evaluation of capacitance moisture sensors for use in municipal solid waste. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-02262010-102044

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

25. Lee, Nan H. Evaluation of cover materials for a large scale test facility at Key Lake.

Degree: 1999, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-12102009-080040

► Engineered soil cover systems have gained popularity in recent years as a preferred method of decommissioning and reclaiming waste management facilities. The main functions of… (more)

▼ Engineered soil cover systems have gained popularity in recent years as a preferred method of decommissioning and reclaiming waste management facilities. The main functions of a soil cover system are to minimize water infiltration, limit gas migration, resist weathering and erosion, and provide support for vegetation. In 1992, Cameco Corporation constructed a large scale non-vegetated prototype soil cover at Key Lake in north-central Saskatchewan. Their main objective was to evaluate the suitability of using local tills and sands for cover materials during future decommissioning of various waste management facilities at the site. An instrumentation and monitoring program was initiated in 1993 to verify the field performance of the soil cover system. The prototype soil cover was constructed over leached cobble ore that was enclosed within a double lined containment system. The soil cover consisted of a 60 cm layer of outwash glacial sand overlain by a 60 cm layer of compacted till. The test facility is essentially a large scale lysimeter whereby net infiltration is determined by monitoring the change in water table depth, the quantity of water removed from the facility, and the soil moisture profile. The instrumentation and monitoring program included a weather station, thermal conductivity sensors and neutron probe access holes, a Bowen Ratio Instrumentation, and a runoff collection and monitoring system. A laboratory program was undertaken to define pertinent soil parameters such as the soil-water characteristic curve and hydraulic conductivity. Laboratory calibration of the neutron probe was also carried out. A field soil testing program was completed to determine in situ density and hydraulic conductivity. The weather monitoring program yielded reliable precipitation, air temperature, and wind speed data. Instrumentation error was noted for relative humidity, net radiation, and pan evaporation parameters. The surface runoff monitoring system provided reliable runoff data on a real time basis. The thermal conductivity sensors were found to underestimate the soil moisture content, while the neutron probe was found to overestimate. The laboratory testing indicated that the outwash sand and the compacted till possessed similar soil water characteristic curves. The similarities in their water storage and release characteristics preclude the ability of these soils to form an effective capillary barrier when the till is overlain by the outwash sand. The field investigation has revealed that the soil cover system was underlain by a layer of extraneous sand and till material, most likely used to grade the facility prior to constructing the soil cover. The field performance of an engineered soil cover system is determined by the net infiltration through the system. The net infiltration for the 1996-1997 monitoring year was estimated to be 52% (287 mm) of the total annual precipitation(555 mm of precipitation from October 1996 to April 1997, inclusively). There was an insignificant change in the… Advisors/Committee Members: Wilson, Gordon, Barbour, S. Lee, Haug, Moir D., Fredlund, Delwyn G., Pufahl, Dennis E..

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lee, N. H. (1999). Evaluation of cover materials for a large scale test facility at Key Lake. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-12102009-080040

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lee, Nan H. “Evaluation of cover materials for a large scale test facility at Key Lake.” 1999. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-12102009-080040.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lee, Nan H. “Evaluation of cover materials for a large scale test facility at Key Lake.” 1999. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lee NH. Evaluation of cover materials for a large scale test facility at Key Lake. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1999. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-12102009-080040.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lee NH. Evaluation of cover materials for a large scale test facility at Key Lake. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 1999. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-12102009-080040

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

26. Bachu, Lakshminarayanarao. A comparative analysis of the hydrological performance of reconstructed and natural watersheds.

Degree: 2008, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09032008-150055

► An example of watershed disturbance activity undertaken to gain access to the oil sands is large scale mining in the Athabasca basin, Alberta, Canada. One… (more)

▼ An example of watershed disturbance activity undertaken to gain access to the oil sands is large scale mining in the Athabasca basin, Alberta, Canada. One of the remedial activities of this disturbance is the reclamation of the disturbed lands. In the process of reclamation, the overburden soil is placed back into the mined pits and reformed with soil covers (alternatively called reconstructed watersheds). In the design process of reclamation, a major concern is hydrological sustainability, which includes the soil’s ability to store enough moisture for the water requirements of vegetation growth and land-atmospheric moisture fluxes. Typically, the goal of the reclamation is to restore the disturbed watersheds, so that they mimic the natural watersheds in terms of the ecological sustainability. Therefore, a comparative evaluation of the hydrological sustainability of the reconstructed watersheds with natural watersheds is required.The considered reconstructed watershed in this study (the flat top of the South Bison Hill, Fort McMurray, Alberta, which is about 6 years old) constitutes a thin layer of a peat-mineral mix (20 cm thick) overlying an 80 cm thick secondary (glacial till) layer on the shale formation, mimicking the natural soil horizons of undisturbed watersheds. As the reconstructed watershed is located in the boreal forest region, a mature boreal forest (Old Aspen site, about 88 years old) located in the Southern Study Area (SSA), BOREAS, Saskatchewan, Canada, is considered as a representative of natural watershed. The A-horizon with 25 cm of sandy loam texture, the B-horizon with 45 cm-thick sandy clay loam, and the C-horizon with 40 cm of a mixture of sandy clay loam and loam are considered in this study.An existing System Dynamics Watershed (SDW) model (lumped and site-specific) is modified and adapted to model the hydrological processes of the reconstructed and natural watersheds, such as soil moisture, evapotranspiration, and runoff. The models are calibrated and validated on daily time scale using two years data (growing season) in each case. The hydrological processes are simulated reasonably well despite the high complexity involved in the processes of soil moisture dynamics and the evapotranspiration, for both study areas. Using the modified and calibrated models, long term simulations (48 years) are carried out on both the reconstructed and natural watersheds. Vegetation properties are switched between the reconstructed and natural watersheds and two scenarios are generated. Consequently, long term simulations are performed. With the help of a probabilistic approach, the daily soil moisture results are used to address the comparative soil moisture storage capability of the watersheds.The results indicate that the selected reconstructed watershed is able to provide its designed store-and-release moisture of 160 mm (a requirement of the land capability classification for forest ecosystems in the oil sands) for the vegetation and meteorological moisture demands at a non-exceedance… Advisors/Committee Members: Elshorbagy, Amin A., Sharma, Jitendra, Guangul, Seifu, Barbour, S. Lee, Shook, Kevin.

Subjects/Keywords: Natural Watersheds; Reconstructed watersheds; Boreal Forests; Statistical Analysis; Hydrological Modeling; System Dynamics Approach

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bachu, L. (2008). A comparative analysis of the hydrological performance of reconstructed and natural watersheds. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09032008-150055

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bachu, Lakshminarayanarao. “A comparative analysis of the hydrological performance of reconstructed and natural watersheds.” 2008. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09032008-150055.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bachu, Lakshminarayanarao. “A comparative analysis of the hydrological performance of reconstructed and natural watersheds.” 2008. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bachu L. A comparative analysis of the hydrological performance of reconstructed and natural watersheds. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09032008-150055.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bachu L. A comparative analysis of the hydrological performance of reconstructed and natural watersheds. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09032008-150055

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

27. Jogi, Manoj. A method for measuring smooth geomembrane/soil interface shear behaviour under unsaturated conditions.

Degree: 2005, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-12122005-150824

► Geomembranes are one of the most widely used geosynthetics in various civil engineering applications. Their primary function is as a barrier to liquid or vapour… (more)

▼ Geomembranes are one of the most widely used geosynthetics in various civil engineering applications. Their primary function is as a barrier to liquid or vapour flow. Smooth Geomembranes are frequently used in combination with different soils, and due to their low surface roughness, are challenging to design to ensure adequate shear strength along the smooth geomembrane-soil interface. It is important to use the appropriate values of interface shear strength parameters in the design of slopes incorporating one or more geomembranes in contact with soils. The parameters are determined by conducting direct shear test on the geomembrane-soil interface. Laboratory tests of interface shear strength for geomembranes and soil are typically carried out with no provision for measurement of pore pressures at the soil/geomembrane interface. This thesis deals with study of smooth geomembrane-soil interfaces, particularly under unsaturated conditions. The various factors that affect the interface shear behaviour are also studied. The tests were conducted using a modified direct shear box with a miniature pore pressure transducer installed adjacent to the surface of the geomembrane. Geomembrane–soil interface shear tests were carried out with continuous measurement of suction in close proximity to the interface during the shearing process thus making it possible to analyze test results in terms of effective stresses. The method was found to be suitable for unsaturated soils at low values of matric suction. Results of interface shear tests conducted using this method show that it is quite effective in evaluating interface shear behaviour between a geomembrane and an unsaturated soil. The results suggest that soil suction contributes to shearing resistance at low normal stress values. At lower normal stress values, the interface shear behaviour appears to be governed only by the magnitude of total normal stress. At high normal stresses, the failure mechanism changed from soil particles sliding at the surface of geomembrane to soil particles getting embedded into the geomembrane and plowing trenches along the direction of shear. A plowing failure mechanism resulted in the mobilization of significantly higher shear strength at the geomembrane soil interface. It was found that placement water contents near saturated conditions results in lower effective stresses, a shallower plowing mechanism and lower values of mobilized interface shear strength. Advisors/Committee Members: Fleming, Ian R., Sharma, Jitendra, Gan, Julian, Barbour, S. Lee, Sparling, Bruce F..

Subjects/Keywords: surface roughness; interface shear strength; pore-water pressure; unsaturated conditions; geomembrane

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Jogi, M. (2005). A method for measuring smooth geomembrane/soil interface shear behaviour under unsaturated conditions. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-12122005-150824

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jogi, Manoj. “A method for measuring smooth geomembrane/soil interface shear behaviour under unsaturated conditions.” 2005. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-12122005-150824.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jogi, Manoj. “A method for measuring smooth geomembrane/soil interface shear behaviour under unsaturated conditions.” 2005. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Jogi M. A method for measuring smooth geomembrane/soil interface shear behaviour under unsaturated conditions. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2005. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-12122005-150824.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jogi M. A method for measuring smooth geomembrane/soil interface shear behaviour under unsaturated conditions. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-12122005-150824

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

28. Chapman, Denise E. Hydrogeologic characterization of a newly constructed saline-sodic clay overburden hill.

Degree: 2008, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09112008-093330

► Syncrude Canada Ltd (Syncrude) Mildred Lake operation is the largest producer of crude oil from oil sands mining in Canada. A saline-sodic clay-shale overburden known… (more)

▼ Syncrude Canada Ltd (Syncrude) Mildred Lake operation is the largest producer of crude oil from oil sands mining in Canada. A saline-sodic clay-shale overburden known as the Clearwater Formation (Kc) must be removed in order to access the oil-bearing McMurray Formation (Km). The potential concerns associated with the reclamation of overburden structures include shale weathering and salt release and migration, resulting in salinization of groundwater, surface water, and reclamation soil covers. South Bison Hill (SBH) is one example of a Kc overburden structure located at the Syncrude Mildred Lake Operation. The general objective of this study is to develop a preliminary conceptual/interpretative model of the hydrogeology of the newly reclaimed SBH at the Syncrude mine site. A number of tasks were undertaken to meet this general objective. The first, and most important aspect of this study was to develop a geological model of SBH including pile geometry and depositional history of the hill. Secondly, to gain an understanding of the field conditions, a program was carried out over 2002 and 2003 to obtain pile physical characteristics. The geological model revealed that there are four main geological sections of SBH of different materials using different construction methods. The field data were used to verify the geological model, which illustrated the differences in hydraulic conductivities and geochemical signatures between the different sections. All information was used to develop a simple steady-state numerical seepage model of SBH to be used as a tool to investigate the response of the water levels of SBH to variations in the model parameters. The model illustrated that groundwater flow is largely controlled by a more permeable section on the south side of SBH and an unstructured Kc fill at the base of the pile. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on the model changing the flux into the pile, the permeability of the materials, and most importantly the head value of the tailings facility located on the north side both showing to be influential on the elevation of the water table through SBH. Advisors/Committee Members: Barbour, S. Lee, Putz, Gordon, Lee, Nan, Hendry, M. Jim, Sharma, Jitendra.

Subjects/Keywords: Clearwater Formation; oil sands mining; reclamation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chapman, D. E. (2008). Hydrogeologic characterization of a newly constructed saline-sodic clay overburden hill. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09112008-093330

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chapman, Denise E. “Hydrogeologic characterization of a newly constructed saline-sodic clay overburden hill.” 2008. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09112008-093330.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chapman, Denise E. “Hydrogeologic characterization of a newly constructed saline-sodic clay overburden hill.” 2008. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Chapman DE. Hydrogeologic characterization of a newly constructed saline-sodic clay overburden hill. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09112008-093330.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chapman DE. Hydrogeologic characterization of a newly constructed saline-sodic clay overburden hill. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-09112008-093330

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

29. Huang, Bing Quan. Effect of subglacial shear on geomechanical properties of glaciated soils.

Degree: 2005, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06082005-145640

► Continental glaciers covered as much as thirty percent of the present-day inhabited earth during the Quaternary period. Traditionally, one-dimensional consolidation has been considered as the… (more)

▼ Continental glaciers covered as much as thirty percent of the present-day inhabited earth during the Quaternary period. Traditionally, one-dimensional consolidation has been considered as the main process of formation for the soils deposited during glaciation. One of the outcomes of accepting one-dimensional consolidation as the main process of formation is that the geomechanical properties of soil in a horizontal plane are isotropic (known as cross-anisotropy). Recent measurements of subglacial pore pressure and preconsolidation pressure profile have indicated that this might not be the case. The role of subglacial shear action has probably been long neglected. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effects of subglacial shearing on the geomechanical properties of glaciated soils. Recent research has found evidence of horizontal property anisotropy associated with the direction of the ice-sheet movement. A testing program was thus proposed to explore the relationship between the anisotropy of property and the direction of past glacier movement. The program involves several fundamental engineering parameters of soils. These parameters together with the corresponding test methods are as follows: (i) Conventional oedometer test – yield stress anisotropy; (ii) Oedometer test with lateral stress measurement – stiffness anisotropy; (iii) Load cell pressuremeter (LCPM) test – in situ stress anisotropy. The physical meaning of yield stress determined by conventional oedometer tests was interpreted as the critical state of structural collapse. The literature review and an experimental study on kaolin samples with a known stress history suggested that yield stress possesses certain dependency on the sampling direction. The anisotropy of yield stress for Battleford till from Birsay, Saskatchewan was also explored by testing directional oedometer samples. In addition, the anisotropy of stiffness was also investigated using a newly developed lateral stress oedometer that is capable of independent measurement of horizontal stresses at three different points with angles of 120 degrees. Preliminary evidence of a correlation between the direction of maximum stiffness in a horizontal plane and the known direction of glacial shear was observed. The correlation between the direction of maximum yield stress and known direction of glaciation was rather poor. Anisotropy of in situ stresses was investigated by conducting LCPM tests in Pot clay in the Netherlands. Based on the LCPM test results, it was concluded that the evidence of a correlation between the anisotropy of in situ stress and known direction of glacial advance is still rather obscure. Although both the laboratory studies and field studies cannot sufficiently confirm the existence of lateral anisotropy of geomechanical properties and its relationship to the direction of the Quaternary ice-sheet movement, the effects of subglacial shearing should not be neglected in assessing the geotechnical properties of glaciated soils. In practice, it is usually found… Advisors/Committee Members: Sharma, Jitendra, Pufahl, Dennis E., Elshorbagy, Amin A., Dolovich, Allan T., Barbour, S. Lee, Antunes, Jorge.

Subjects/Keywords: stiffness; preconsolidation pressure; critical state; consolidation; load cell pressuremeter; lateral stress oedometer; in situ stresses; anisotropy; Glaciated Soils

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Huang, B. Q. (2005). Effect of subglacial shear on geomechanical properties of glaciated soils. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06082005-145640

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Huang, Bing Quan. “Effect of subglacial shear on geomechanical properties of glaciated soils.” 2005. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06082005-145640.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Huang, Bing Quan. “Effect of subglacial shear on geomechanical properties of glaciated soils.” 2005. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Huang BQ. Effect of subglacial shear on geomechanical properties of glaciated soils. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2005. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06082005-145640.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Huang BQ. Effect of subglacial shear on geomechanical properties of glaciated soils. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06082005-145640

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

30. Birkham, Tyler Kurt. Controls and rates of acid production in commercial-scale sulphur blocks.

Degree: 2009, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04132010-060405

► The controls of water and O2 availability, microbial activity and temperature on acid (H2SO4) production rates in commercial-scale sulphur (S0) blocks were quantified and recommendations… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: transport; reaction; geochemistry; acid; sulphur; storage; gas

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APA (6^th Edition):

Birkham, T. K. (2009). Controls and rates of acid production in commercial-scale sulphur blocks. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04132010-060405

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Birkham, Tyler Kurt. “Controls and rates of acid production in commercial-scale sulphur blocks.” 2009. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04132010-060405.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Birkham, Tyler Kurt. “Controls and rates of acid production in commercial-scale sulphur blocks.” 2009. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Birkham TK. Controls and rates of acid production in commercial-scale sulphur blocks. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04132010-060405.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Birkham TK. Controls and rates of acid production in commercial-scale sulphur blocks. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04132010-060405

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations