+publisher:"University of North Carolina" +contributor:("White, Peter")

University of North Carolina

1. Holloman, Diamond. Critical Urban Ecology: Links to Social Vulnerability and Environmental Justice in the Aftermath of Hurricanes.

Degree: 2018, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:719a0d94-494a-414e-8d92-1ded68a65451

► Parallel to the world's rising urbanization trend, shifting patterns of large wet weather disturbances - more specifically, hurricanes - are raising concerns in coastal areas… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Holloman, D. (2018). Critical Urban Ecology: Links to Social Vulnerability and Environmental Justice in the Aftermath of Hurricanes. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:719a0d94-494a-414e-8d92-1ded68a65451

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Holloman, Diamond. “Critical Urban Ecology: Links to Social Vulnerability and Environmental Justice in the Aftermath of Hurricanes.” 2018. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:719a0d94-494a-414e-8d92-1ded68a65451.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Holloman, Diamond. “Critical Urban Ecology: Links to Social Vulnerability and Environmental Justice in the Aftermath of Hurricanes.” 2018. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Holloman D. Critical Urban Ecology: Links to Social Vulnerability and Environmental Justice in the Aftermath of Hurricanes. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:719a0d94-494a-414e-8d92-1ded68a65451.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Holloman D. Critical Urban Ecology: Links to Social Vulnerability and Environmental Justice in the Aftermath of Hurricanes. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2018. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:719a0d94-494a-414e-8d92-1ded68a65451

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

2. Evans, Brian. THE ECOLOGY OF BIRDS IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE: AVIAN COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, DISPERSAL, AND SURVIVAL ACROSS THE RURAL-TO-URBAN GRADIENT IN WASHINGTON D.C.

Degree: 2015, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:ed1cc8b9-dc20-4eea-ac1c-3c56d01fcdce

► Urbanization during the latter half of the twentieth century has altered habitats, restructured wildlife communities, and influenced the range sizes and population dynamics of animal… (more)

▼ Urbanization during the latter half of the twentieth century has altered habitats, restructured wildlife communities, and influenced the range sizes and population dynamics of animal species. While many bird species persist in urban environments, little is known about the consequence of urbanization on birds – in part because urban landscapes confer conflicting pressures, such as exposure to novel predators, and benefits, such as anthropogenic food resources. Here, we explore the influence of urbanization on birds in the Washington D.C. metropolitan area using a unique study design that addresses the community composition, dispersal behavior, and survival of birds across the rural-to-urban gradient within the context of a regional citizen science project. We found supportive evidence for environmental filtering of bird communities by assessing variation in functional diversity as well as the proportional and apparent abundance of avian life history guilds within sites across the rural-to-urban gradient. To address the influence of urbanization on avian dispersal, we explored the degree of permeability of habitats in association with the spatial distribution of four species of birds banded and reencountered in subsequent years. There was supportive evidence that, for two of the four species, the distribution of habitat influences settlement patterns of birds and thus shapes dispersal behavior in human-dominated landscapes. Finally, we used mark-recapture data to assess variation in adult survival across the rural-to-urban gradient to test hypotheses about the processes by which urbanization is expected to influence avian survival. Adult survival was enhanced in suburban and urban habitats for four of our seven focal species and there was no evidence in support of an influence of urban land cover on survival for the remaining species. Taken cumulatively, this research addresses three distinct ecological relationships between birds and their environments and provides a significant advancement in our understanding of the influence of urbanization on wildlife populations. Advisors/Committee Members: Evans, Brian, Hurlbert, Allen, Marra, Peter, Moody, Aaron, Urban, Dean, White, Peter.

Subjects/Keywords: Ecology; College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Evans, B. (2015). THE ECOLOGY OF BIRDS IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE: AVIAN COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, DISPERSAL, AND SURVIVAL ACROSS THE RURAL-TO-URBAN GRADIENT IN WASHINGTON D.C. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:ed1cc8b9-dc20-4eea-ac1c-3c56d01fcdce

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Evans, Brian. “THE ECOLOGY OF BIRDS IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE: AVIAN COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, DISPERSAL, AND SURVIVAL ACROSS THE RURAL-TO-URBAN GRADIENT IN WASHINGTON D.C.” 2015. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:ed1cc8b9-dc20-4eea-ac1c-3c56d01fcdce.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Evans, Brian. “THE ECOLOGY OF BIRDS IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE: AVIAN COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, DISPERSAL, AND SURVIVAL ACROSS THE RURAL-TO-URBAN GRADIENT IN WASHINGTON D.C.” 2015. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Evans B. THE ECOLOGY OF BIRDS IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE: AVIAN COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, DISPERSAL, AND SURVIVAL ACROSS THE RURAL-TO-URBAN GRADIENT IN WASHINGTON D.C. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:ed1cc8b9-dc20-4eea-ac1c-3c56d01fcdce.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Evans B. THE ECOLOGY OF BIRDS IN THE URBAN LANDSCAPE: AVIAN COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, DISPERSAL, AND SURVIVAL ACROSS THE RURAL-TO-URBAN GRADIENT IN WASHINGTON D.C. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2015. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:ed1cc8b9-dc20-4eea-ac1c-3c56d01fcdce

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

3. Hakkenberg, Christopher. Mapping plant diversity and composition across North Carolina Piedmont forest landscapes using LiDAR-hyperspectral remote sensing.

Degree: 2017, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:8c882e9c-c25f-4cd1-9efb-aae68a8c1b21

► Forest modification, from local stress to global change, has given rise to efforts to model, map, and monitor critical properties of forest communities like structure,… (more)

▼ Forest modification, from local stress to global change, has given rise to efforts to model, map, and monitor critical properties of forest communities like structure, composition, and diversity. Predictive models based on data from spatially-nested field plots and LiDAR-hyperspectral remote sensing systems are one particularly effective means towards the otherwise prohibitively resource-intensive task of consistently characterizing forest community dynamics at landscape scales. However, to date, most predictive models fail to account for actual (rather than idealized) species and community distributions, are unsuccessful in predicting understory components in structurally and taxonomically heterogeneous forests, and may suffer from diminished predictive accuracy due to incongruity in scale and precision between field plot samples, remotely-sensed data, and target biota of varying size and density. This three-part study addresses these and other concerns in the modeling and mapping of emergent properties of forest communities by shifting the scope of prediction from the individual or taxon to the whole stand or community. It is, after all, at the stand scale where emergent properties like functional processes, biodiversity, and habitat aggregate and manifest. In the first study, I explore the relationship between forest structure (a proxy for successional demographics and resource competition) and tree species diversity in the North Carolina Piedmont, highlighting the empirical basis and potential for utilizing forest structure from LiDAR in predictive models of tree species diversity. I then extend these conclusions to map landscape pattern in multi-scale vascular plant diversity as well as turnover in community-continua at varying compositional resolutions in a North Carolina Piedmont landscape using remotely-sensed LiDAR-hyperspectral estimates of topography, canopy structure, and foliar biochemistry. Recognizing that the distinction between correlation and causation mirrors that between knowledge and understanding, all three studies distinguish between prediction of pattern and inference of process. Thus, in addition to advancing mapping methodologies relevant to a range of forest ecosystem management and monitoring applications, all three studies are noteworthy for assessing the ecological relationship between environmental predictors and emergent landscape patterns in plant composition and diversity in North Carolina Piedmont forests. Advisors/Committee Members: Hakkenberg, Christopher, Song, Conghe, Peet, Robert K., Urban, Dean, White, Peter, Moody, Aaron, Chen, Xiaodong.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hakkenberg, C. (2017). Mapping plant diversity and composition across North Carolina Piedmont forest landscapes using LiDAR-hyperspectral remote sensing. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:8c882e9c-c25f-4cd1-9efb-aae68a8c1b21

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hakkenberg, Christopher. “Mapping plant diversity and composition across North Carolina Piedmont forest landscapes using LiDAR-hyperspectral remote sensing.” 2017. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:8c882e9c-c25f-4cd1-9efb-aae68a8c1b21.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hakkenberg, Christopher. “Mapping plant diversity and composition across North Carolina Piedmont forest landscapes using LiDAR-hyperspectral remote sensing.” 2017. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hakkenberg C. Mapping plant diversity and composition across North Carolina Piedmont forest landscapes using LiDAR-hyperspectral remote sensing. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:8c882e9c-c25f-4cd1-9efb-aae68a8c1b21.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hakkenberg C. Mapping plant diversity and composition across North Carolina Piedmont forest landscapes using LiDAR-hyperspectral remote sensing. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2017. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:8c882e9c-c25f-4cd1-9efb-aae68a8c1b21

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

4. Mayer, Anthony. Sustaining Garden Stewardship: Environmental Education in Rural Youth Development Programs.

Degree: 2017, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:1b227623-c9d1-45dd-8dd8-7155d03d47bb

► To help youth create a viable society and cope with future ecological crises, this qualitative research further develops a practice that I call garden ecopedagogy.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mayer, A. (2017). Sustaining Garden Stewardship: Environmental Education in Rural Youth Development Programs. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:1b227623-c9d1-45dd-8dd8-7155d03d47bb

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mayer, Anthony. “Sustaining Garden Stewardship: Environmental Education in Rural Youth Development Programs.” 2017. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:1b227623-c9d1-45dd-8dd8-7155d03d47bb.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mayer, Anthony. “Sustaining Garden Stewardship: Environmental Education in Rural Youth Development Programs.” 2017. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mayer A. Sustaining Garden Stewardship: Environmental Education in Rural Youth Development Programs. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:1b227623-c9d1-45dd-8dd8-7155d03d47bb.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mayer A. Sustaining Garden Stewardship: Environmental Education in Rural Youth Development Programs. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2017. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:1b227623-c9d1-45dd-8dd8-7155d03d47bb

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

5. Lopez, Bianca. The effects of urbanization on riparian forest plant communities in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina.

Degree: 2017, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:febd88c8-db3a-4357-8854-b60ba64844dc

► Ongoing urban development is having profound impacts on ecosystems worldwide, by reducing the amount and connectivity of natural habitat and changing the local environmental conditions.… (more)

▼ Ongoing urban development is having profound impacts on ecosystems worldwide, by reducing the amount and connectivity of natural habitat and changing the local environmental conditions. Despite the ubiquity and the continued growth of urban areas, the effects of urban development on the diversity and composition of plant communities remain poorly understood. In this dissertation, I address this issue by investigating the effects of urban development on patches of remnant riparian forest in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina. To do this, I used a rural-to-urban gradient approach, comparing the plant species and environmental conditions of sites surrounded by different amounts of urban development. I first explored the effects of different “filters” created by urban development on plant biodiversity using structural equation modeling. In this, I tested the predictions of an established conceptual framework and developed a general model that could be used to compare the effects of urbanization on plant biodiversity across cities. I then examined changes in plant species’ functional traits along the rural-to-urban gradient and compared the species and traits found at these sites to high-quality riparian plant communities that represent potential targets for restoration. I found that plant traits change somewhat predictably along an urbanization gradient, particularly with regard to species’ seed dispersal modes, but that traits may not be as useful for predicting which species will establish in urban restoration efforts. Finally, I assessed the ability of environmental variables and spatial variables describing habitat connectivity to explain variation in plant species composition across sites. I found that species with limited dispersal ability showed the strongest signal of dispersal limitation across sites, and that urban development between sites appears to reduce connectivity for these species. This dissertation provides insight into the ways that urban development is altering riparian forests in the Research Triangle, which may have important impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. My results have implications for land management, restoration, and urban planning in this landscape. Advisors/Committee Members: Lopez, Bianca, White, Peter, Peet, Robert K., Hurlbert, Allen, McHale, Melissa, Urban, Dean.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lopez, B. (2017). The effects of urbanization on riparian forest plant communities in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:febd88c8-db3a-4357-8854-b60ba64844dc

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lopez, Bianca. “The effects of urbanization on riparian forest plant communities in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina.” 2017. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:febd88c8-db3a-4357-8854-b60ba64844dc.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lopez, Bianca. “The effects of urbanization on riparian forest plant communities in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina.” 2017. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lopez B. The effects of urbanization on riparian forest plant communities in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:febd88c8-db3a-4357-8854-b60ba64844dc.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lopez B. The effects of urbanization on riparian forest plant communities in the Research Triangle area of North Carolina. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2017. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:febd88c8-db3a-4357-8854-b60ba64844dc

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

6. Tessel, Samantha. Dispersal Effects on Species Distribution and Diversity Across Multiple Scales in the Southern Appalachian Mixed Mesophytic Flora.

Degree: 2017, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:a51aff74-59a4-4cba-ad29-80958a351a26

► Seed and spore dispersal play important roles in the spatial distribution of plant species and communities. Though dispersal processes are often thought to be more… (more)

▼ Seed and spore dispersal play important roles in the spatial distribution of plant species and communities. Though dispersal processes are often thought to be more important at larger spatial scales, the distribution patterns of species and plant communities even at small scales can be determined, at least in part, by dispersal. I studied the influence of dispersal in southern Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests by categorizing species by dispersal morphology and by using spatial pattern and habitat connectivity as predictors of species distribution and community composition. All vascular plant species were recorded at three nested sample scales (10000, 1000, and 100 m2), on plots with varying levels of habitat connectivity across the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Models predicting species distributions generally had higher predictive power when incorporating spatial pattern and connectivity, particularly at small scales. Despite wide variation in performance, models of locally dispersing species (species without adaptations to dispersal by wind or vertebrates) were most frequently improved by the addition of spatial predictors. Patterns in plant communities were also compared among dispersal categories, and though it was shown that species without dispersal adaptations were less likely to co-occur, this was more likely to be caused by differences in frequency across dispersal categories than by dispersal limitation per se. Spatial pattern, distance, and connectivity were significant predictors of non-random patterns of species turnover at all scales and were stronger among dispersal-limited species groups. Species with limited dispersal were also less frequent at all three sampling scales than those with adaptations for vertebrate dispersal and had smaller geographic ranges than either wind- or vertebrate-dispersed species. Species with no dispersal adaptations were overrepresented among southern Appalachian endemics and lineages endemic to North America, whereas species dispersed by vertebrates were overrepresented among Tertiary disjunct lineages, and species dispersed by spores were cosmopolitan. Relationships among dispersal and biogeographic affinity reflect the evolutionary history of the mixed mesophytic flora owing to adaptation of dispersal mechanisms to regional environmental conditions, the relative ages of lineages, and the effect of dispersal mechanism on the distributions of plants across time and space. Advisors/Committee Members: Tessel, Samantha, White, Peter, Peet, Robert K., Weakley, Alan S., Urban, Dean, Hurlbert, Allen.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tessel, S. (2017). Dispersal Effects on Species Distribution and Diversity Across Multiple Scales in the Southern Appalachian Mixed Mesophytic Flora. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:a51aff74-59a4-4cba-ad29-80958a351a26

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tessel, Samantha. “Dispersal Effects on Species Distribution and Diversity Across Multiple Scales in the Southern Appalachian Mixed Mesophytic Flora.” 2017. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:a51aff74-59a4-4cba-ad29-80958a351a26.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tessel, Samantha. “Dispersal Effects on Species Distribution and Diversity Across Multiple Scales in the Southern Appalachian Mixed Mesophytic Flora.” 2017. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Tessel S. Dispersal Effects on Species Distribution and Diversity Across Multiple Scales in the Southern Appalachian Mixed Mesophytic Flora. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:a51aff74-59a4-4cba-ad29-80958a351a26.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tessel S. Dispersal Effects on Species Distribution and Diversity Across Multiple Scales in the Southern Appalachian Mixed Mesophytic Flora. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2017. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:a51aff74-59a4-4cba-ad29-80958a351a26

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

7. Halliday, Fletcher. The community ecology of plant parasites: from coinfections to metacommunities.

Degree: Biology, 2017, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:a8696d69-5b67-4e6a-a34a-cabdcf47a321

► New emerging diseases and methodological advances have generated a recent surge in disease ecology research and renewed interest in identifying the ecological processes that structure… (more)

▼ New emerging diseases and methodological advances have generated a recent surge in disease ecology research and renewed interest in identifying the ecological processes that structure parasite communities. Yet ecologists still lack a general framework for understanding the drivers of parasite diversity. Metacommunity theory is a general ecological framework that has been used to understand patterns of community composition in many ecological systems. This dissertation leverages one key insight from metacommunity theory – that multiple processes operate across different spatial and temporal scales to control the composition of local communities – to understand parasite communities within hosts. In this work, I used experimental studies to examine the community ecology of parasites that infect wild host plants over space and time. At the smallest spatial scale, I explored how interactions among parasites in the same host leaf during coinfection alter parasite epidemics. Within host leaves, parasite growth was influenced by coinfections, but coinfections were often prevented by the sequence of parasite infection, generating priority effects within hosts. Coinfections, priority effects, and the severity of infections were altered by host immunity. Scaling up, I found that parasite phenology, which operates across host individuals, altered host susceptibility to secondary infections, parasite interactions, and ultimately the magnitude of parasite epidemics. At the largest spatial scale, I explored how characteristics of host communities influence the diversity of parasite metacommunities. Parasite diversity across host communities depended on host diversity and resource supply to hosts. Host richness alone could not explain most changes in parasite diversity. However, shifting host composition allowed disease amplification, depending on parasite transmission mode. These effects also varied over time: the structure of host communities changed in response to initial host diversity and resource supply to hosts, leading to altered parasite richness and abundance. Together, these results highlight the utility of multiscale approaches to disease ecology. Specifically, integrating concepts from community ecology with information about infectious diseases and host-parasite interactions provides insight into the general mechanisms that control the diversity of parasites across space and time. Advisors/Committee Members: Halliday, Fletcher, Mitchell, Charles, Hurlbert, Allen, Umbanhowar, James, Vilgalys, Rytas, White, Peter.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Department of Biology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Halliday, F. (2017). The community ecology of plant parasites: from coinfections to metacommunities. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:a8696d69-5b67-4e6a-a34a-cabdcf47a321

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Halliday, Fletcher. “The community ecology of plant parasites: from coinfections to metacommunities.” 2017. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:a8696d69-5b67-4e6a-a34a-cabdcf47a321.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Halliday, Fletcher. “The community ecology of plant parasites: from coinfections to metacommunities.” 2017. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Halliday F. The community ecology of plant parasites: from coinfections to metacommunities. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:a8696d69-5b67-4e6a-a34a-cabdcf47a321.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Halliday F. The community ecology of plant parasites: from coinfections to metacommunities. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2017. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:a8696d69-5b67-4e6a-a34a-cabdcf47a321

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

8. Jenkins, Molly. THE PROPORTION OF CORE SPECIES IN A COMMUNITY VARIES WITH SPATIAL SCALE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY.

Degree: 2018, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:5a8f5421-9742-4ce6-b3e2-33f22f940e23

► Ecologists define a community as the set of species successfully reproducing and using resources in a shared space. In lieu of a species list, the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Jenkins, M. (2018). THE PROPORTION OF CORE SPECIES IN A COMMUNITY VARIES WITH SPATIAL SCALE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:5a8f5421-9742-4ce6-b3e2-33f22f940e23

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jenkins, Molly. “THE PROPORTION OF CORE SPECIES IN A COMMUNITY VARIES WITH SPATIAL SCALE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY.” 2018. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:5a8f5421-9742-4ce6-b3e2-33f22f940e23.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jenkins, Molly. “THE PROPORTION OF CORE SPECIES IN A COMMUNITY VARIES WITH SPATIAL SCALE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY.” 2018. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Jenkins M. THE PROPORTION OF CORE SPECIES IN A COMMUNITY VARIES WITH SPATIAL SCALE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:5a8f5421-9742-4ce6-b3e2-33f22f940e23.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jenkins M. THE PROPORTION OF CORE SPECIES IN A COMMUNITY VARIES WITH SPATIAL SCALE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2018. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:5a8f5421-9742-4ce6-b3e2-33f22f940e23

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

9. Payne, Christopher. Long-term temporal dynamics of the Duke Forest.

Degree: 2018, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:c6edacca-ee25-444f-bc37-95984ac81338

► In this dissertation, I describe a series of permanent sample plots in the North Carolina Piedmont used to examine near-century forest processes and to evaluate… (more)

▼ In this dissertation, I describe a series of permanent sample plots in the North Carolina Piedmont used to examine near-century forest processes and to evaluate how observed trends can inform existing conceptual models. Specifically, 80 years of tree growth and forest composition were recorded across all succession phases in a series of successional Pinus taeda stands and second-growth Quercus-Carya and Liriodendron-Liquidambar hardwood stands in the Duke Forest. I use these long-term data to scrutinize classical theories of community dynamics and growth trends in Piedmont forests that have served as a model system for successional research for nearly 100 years. Specifically, using a suite of multivariate statistics I examine whether old-field pine forests have succeeded toward putative climax compositions or whether deviations in successional trajectories have occurred owing to shifts in species composition and disturbance events. I additionally examine whether biomass of successional stands can be predicted based on canopy mortality and lags in regeneration and whether growth rates of later-stage forests have increased more than expected over the last century. 80-year biomass and growth trends in successional plots confirm the importance of canopy density and mortality in driving these patterns, but lag patterns in post-hurricane regeneration are not yet formally discernible. In contrast, second-growth hardwood plots demonstrate consistent biomass accumulation and continued increases in growth rate, despite having achieved biomass levels found in more static old-growth forests. Community analyses indicate that successional stands experienced shifting compositional trajectories that were accelerated by Hurricane Fran and resulted in replacement of upland-associated hardwood species (e.g., Cornus florida) with species associated with more mesic stands (e.g., Acer rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Fagus grandifolia). A similar replacement of putative climax species (e.g., Quercus alba) with A. rubrum occurred in understories of late-successional hardwood stands. In contrast with accepted successional models, these results are in line with mounting evidence of unanticipated and less predictable forest dynamics over the last century. Such changes could be the result of changing climate patterns or anthropogenic impacts. Regardless, more mechanistic experiments must be developed to determine the cause of these seemingly-widespread patterns to better inform global change and forestry models. Advisors/Committee Members: Payne, Christopher, Peet, Robert, White, Peter, Urban, Dean, Peart, David, Song, Conghe.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Payne, C. (2018). Long-term temporal dynamics of the Duke Forest. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:c6edacca-ee25-444f-bc37-95984ac81338

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Payne, Christopher. “Long-term temporal dynamics of the Duke Forest.” 2018. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:c6edacca-ee25-444f-bc37-95984ac81338.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Payne, Christopher. “Long-term temporal dynamics of the Duke Forest.” 2018. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Payne C. Long-term temporal dynamics of the Duke Forest. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:c6edacca-ee25-444f-bc37-95984ac81338.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Payne C. Long-term temporal dynamics of the Duke Forest. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2018. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:c6edacca-ee25-444f-bc37-95984ac81338

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

10. Caplow, Susan. The Communication of Values, Beliefs, and Norms in Live Animal Interpretive Experiences: A Comparative Case Study.

Degree: 2014, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:192b05d3-5174-4e59-8a56-877f2c442289

► Environmental education (EE) is one of the most important tools available to help promote pro-environmental behavior. However, encouraging pro-environmental behavior requires more than knowledge dissemination… (more)

▼ Environmental education (EE) is one of the most important tools available to help promote pro-environmental behavior. However, encouraging pro-environmental behavior requires more than knowledge dissemination alone; EE programs frequently contain messages intended to cultivate environmental values, beliefs, and behavioral norms because these can facilitate the uptake of pro-environmental behavior. In particular, Live Animal Interpretive Experiences (LAIEs) can help encourage these types of shifts because emotional connections with animals can expand one's sense of moral obligation to include caring for animals and the environment. My dissertation investigates three questions about LAIEs: 1) How does the institutional context frame messages on values, beliefs, and norms, and how do educators articulate them during LAIEs? 2) What values, beliefs, and norms do participants bring to the LAIE? 3) How do learners interpret LAIEs, and what are their post-program behavioral intentions? I compare LAIEs at three facilities with different institutional values, which is a novel contribution to the field that elucidates the relationship between institutional mission and the education program design, delivery, and interpretation. My cases include a research institution, an animal rescue, and an educational facility. I find that different types of organizations define and promote environmental values in critically different ways. Each organization follows a specialized VBN pathway that constructs meaning for the animal either as an individual, a representative of a species, or as an ambassador for an ecosystem. The scale at which the animal's value is constructed affects what kinds of threats and opportunities for individual action follow. Learners at all three sites share a generally pro-environmental profile, but learners differ across sites on some incoming values, beliefs, and norms. These differences suggest that learners may be choosing to attend different animal-themed experiences based on their personal values. Learners perceive key values-oriented messages from the institution fairly accurately, but their behavioral intentions post-program differ across sites. These differences are likely attributable to the relationship the individual has with the organization and the type of behavioral suggestions presented in the LAIEs. These findings can help educational facilities better design programs to meet institutional goals and to encourage learners to engage in pro-environmental behavior. Advisors/Committee Members: Caplow, Susan, Jagger, Pamela, Campbell, Lisa, Clark, Charlotte, Dickinson, Elizabeth, Leslie, Paul, White, Peter.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental education; Ecology; Organizational behavior; College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Caplow, S. (2014). The Communication of Values, Beliefs, and Norms in Live Animal Interpretive Experiences: A Comparative Case Study. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:192b05d3-5174-4e59-8a56-877f2c442289

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Caplow, Susan. “The Communication of Values, Beliefs, and Norms in Live Animal Interpretive Experiences: A Comparative Case Study.” 2014. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:192b05d3-5174-4e59-8a56-877f2c442289.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Caplow, Susan. “The Communication of Values, Beliefs, and Norms in Live Animal Interpretive Experiences: A Comparative Case Study.” 2014. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Caplow S. The Communication of Values, Beliefs, and Norms in Live Animal Interpretive Experiences: A Comparative Case Study. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:192b05d3-5174-4e59-8a56-877f2c442289.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Caplow S. The Communication of Values, Beliefs, and Norms in Live Animal Interpretive Experiences: A Comparative Case Study. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2014. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:192b05d3-5174-4e59-8a56-877f2c442289

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

11. Wilfahrt, Peter. From old fields to forests: Understanding plant successional dynamics through the lens of functional traits.

Degree: 2016, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:272c2d03-12ae-40e5-a066-b837e760f35f

► Vegetative succession describes the turnover of plant species through time. This turnover enables coexistence of species temporally, but also spatially as different locations co-occur at… (more)

▼ Vegetative succession describes the turnover of plant species through time. This turnover enables coexistence of species temporally, but also spatially as different locations co-occur at different successional stages. Moreover, the suite of species that occupy different successional stages varies due to heterogeneous environments across both local and regional spatial scales. Understanding the processes that underlie succession as well as those that drive spatial variation in the species that comprise similar successional stages is a central goal in ecology. In order to understand these processes in this dissertation, I recast species into functional traits that connect species physiologies to their environments. Using a suite of traits thought to influence species success at various stages of succession, I examine functional trait changes through time in plant communities of the eastern US. Chapters 2 and 3 use an old field experiment to examine how soil nutrients and plant enemies influence temporal dynamics of early secondary succession by examining species-level trait responses (Chapter 2) and community-level trait responses (Chapter 3). Old fields are important and well-studied community types due to their frequency in the landscape and lend themselves well to experimental manipulation given the relatively rapid life cycles and small stature of their constituent herbaceous species. Chapters 4 and 5 use a continental-scale forest database to examine similar processes in trees, albeit at larger spatial and temporal gradients. Chapter 4 uses a space-for-time substitute approach to ask how tree community traits change along a forest age gradient, while Chapter 5 asks how traits of tree seedling communities respond to forest disturbances using resampled plots. In Chapter 6, I synthesize my findings on trait responses to successional gradients in these two distinct successional stages. Overall, I found that seed mass, indicative of dispersal strategy, and investment in structural biomass (plant height and wood density) capture plant successional strategies. Leaf traits, however, did not consistently vary with succession or the manipulated environmental gradients in the old field experiment. Rather, leaf traits displayed large, unexplained variation across space, suggesting that they are responding to processes related to spatial heterogeneity independent of succession. Advisors/Committee Members: Wilfahrt, Peter, White, Peter, Peet, Robert K., Mitchell, Charles, Bruno, John, Wright, Justin.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wilfahrt, P. (2016). From old fields to forests: Understanding plant successional dynamics through the lens of functional traits. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:272c2d03-12ae-40e5-a066-b837e760f35f

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wilfahrt, Peter. “From old fields to forests: Understanding plant successional dynamics through the lens of functional traits.” 2016. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:272c2d03-12ae-40e5-a066-b837e760f35f.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wilfahrt, Peter. “From old fields to forests: Understanding plant successional dynamics through the lens of functional traits.” 2016. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wilfahrt P. From old fields to forests: Understanding plant successional dynamics through the lens of functional traits. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:272c2d03-12ae-40e5-a066-b837e760f35f.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wilfahrt P. From old fields to forests: Understanding plant successional dynamics through the lens of functional traits. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2016. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:272c2d03-12ae-40e5-a066-b837e760f35f

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

12. Tarasi, Dennis. Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States.

Degree: 2016, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:468a6ab3-fcc7-42da-b30a-aa2707efc511

► Native to other regions of the world, exotic species can disrupt the ecology and function of natural areas where they are introduced. Exotic species successfully… (more)

▼ Native to other regions of the world, exotic species can disrupt the ecology and function of natural areas where they are introduced. Exotic species successfully establish in and dominate natural areas via multiple pathways and ecological processes. Given that many of these interactions remain difficult to measure, it is imperative to properly identify environmental factors that predict exotic species success and quantify the impacts of exotic species dominance on natural communities. Here, I explore the interactions between exotic plant species and communities where they have been introduced in the southeastern United States to address the predictors of invasion, community responses to invasion and subsequent removal of dominant invaders. Chapter 2 considers whether biotic communities predictably incorporate or resist exotic species by examining the relationship between native species richness and exotic species richness at multiple spatial scales across a broad range of environmental conditions. Chapter 3 explores the predictive ability of environmental characteristics concerning exotic species success in a large vegetation database. Chapter 4 quantifies the abiotic and biotic community changes with invasion of a dominant exotic shrub, including assessments of species diversity and the physical structure of the community. Chapter 5 assesses the abiotic community differences resulting from exotic shrub invasion, including abiotic responses to removal of that dominant shrub from the community. Exotic species success generally and predictably responds to changes in the scale of observation and local environmental conditions. Several environmental characteristics correlate with exotic species success, including soil pH, calcium, tree stem density and cover of wetland species. The unique predictive ability of any individual variable remains limited, reflecting the complex interactions driving exotic species success and the differences among exotic species. Invaded communities exhibit several distinct responses to exotic species dominance, including changes in both richness and physical forest structure. Such changes must be considered in context, as invaders of similar structure, function and origin differentially affect the communities they invade. Although shrub invasions, and the subsequent removal of dominant invaders, may cause demonstrable abiotic changes in the community, such as in temperature and light availability, responses in soil moisture and nutrient levels are limited. Advisors/Committee Members: Tarasi, Dennis, Peet, Robert K., Bruno, John, Weakley, Alan S., White, Peter, Wright, Justin.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tarasi, D. (2016). Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:468a6ab3-fcc7-42da-b30a-aa2707efc511

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tarasi, Dennis. “Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States.” 2016. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:468a6ab3-fcc7-42da-b30a-aa2707efc511.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tarasi, Dennis. “Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States.” 2016. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Tarasi D. Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:468a6ab3-fcc7-42da-b30a-aa2707efc511.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tarasi D. Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2016. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:468a6ab3-fcc7-42da-b30a-aa2707efc511

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

13. Tarasi, Dennis. Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States.

Degree: 2016, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:b222ecd7-9647-468f-9656-542dc7288d3e

► Native to other regions of the world, exotic species can disrupt the ecology and function of natural areas where they are introduced. Exotic species successfully… (more)

▼ Native to other regions of the world, exotic species can disrupt the ecology and function of natural areas where they are introduced. Exotic species successfully establish in and dominate natural areas via multiple pathways and ecological processes. Given that many of these interactions remain difficult to measure, it is imperative to properly identify environmental factors that predict exotic species success and quantify the impacts of exotic species dominance on natural communities. Here, I explore the interactions between exotic plant species and communities where they have been introduced in the southeastern United States to address the predictors of invasion, community responses to invasion and subsequent removal of dominant invaders. Chapter 2 considers whether biotic communities predictably incorporate or resist exotic species by examining the relationship between native species richness and exotic species richness at multiple spatial scales across a broad range of environmental conditions. Chapter 3 explores the predictive ability of environmental characteristics concerning exotic species success in a large vegetation database. Chapter 4 quantifies the abiotic and biotic community changes with invasion of a dominant exotic shrub, including assessments of species diversity and the physical structure of the community. Chapter 5 assesses the abiotic community differences resulting from exotic shrub invasion, including abiotic responses to removal of that dominant shrub from the community. Exotic species success generally and predictably responds to changes in the scale of observation and local environmental conditions. Several environmental characteristics correlate with exotic species success, including soil pH, calcium, tree stem density and cover of wetland species. The unique predictive ability of any individual variable remains limited, reflecting the complex interactions driving exotic species success and the differences among exotic species. Invaded communities exhibit several distinct responses to exotic species dominance, including changes in both richness and physical forest structure. Such changes must be considered in context, as invaders of similar structure, function and origin differentially affect the communities they invade. Although shrub invasions, and the subsequent removal of dominant invaders, may cause demonstrable abiotic changes in the community, such as in temperature and light availability, responses in soil moisture and nutrient levels are limited. Advisors/Committee Members: Tarasi, Dennis, Peet, Robert K., Bruno, John, Weakley, Alan S., White, Peter, Wright, Justin.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tarasi, D. (2016). Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:b222ecd7-9647-468f-9656-542dc7288d3e

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tarasi, Dennis. “Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States.” 2016. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:b222ecd7-9647-468f-9656-542dc7288d3e.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tarasi, Dennis. “Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States.” 2016. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Tarasi D. Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:b222ecd7-9647-468f-9656-542dc7288d3e.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tarasi D. Community Interactions and Impacts of Exotic Plant Species in the Southeastern United States. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2016. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:b222ecd7-9647-468f-9656-542dc7288d3e

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

14. Cox, Courtney. Evaluating Strategies for Restoring Parrotfish Populations in Belize.

Degree: Biology, 2014, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:9fb43bde-b85b-486c-85ad-cf01f43027ca

► Parrotfish populations have declined throughout the Caribbean due to overfishing. Functional loss of these key grazers has contributed to a shift in reef community structure… (more)

▼ Parrotfish populations have declined throughout the Caribbean due to overfishing. Functional loss of these key grazers has contributed to a shift in reef community structure from coral to algal dominance. Marine protected areas (MPAs) and a national ban on the harvesting of herbivorous fishes are two management strategies implemented in Belize to recover parrotfish populations. Restricting or eliminating fishing is thought to promote high biomass of herbivorous fish that suppress macroalgae facilitating coral recruitment and population recovery. The success of these strategies not only depends on reduced fishing pressure, but also on the connectivity between parrotfish populations. My doctoral dissertation research examined the effectiveness of the MPA network in Belize and the ban on herbivorous fish harvesting in restoring fish communities and coral reef assemblages. From 2009 to 2013, I quantified the density and biomass of reef fishes, coral cover, and macroalgal cover at 16 reefs in Belize, including 8 protected sites and 8 unprotected sites. I then tested the effects of MPAs and the ban on herbivorous fish harvesting on coral reef community structure, projected parrotfish population recovery, and assessed connectivity between parrotfish populations in Belize and Honduras using nine nuclear microsatellite loci. Over the five year monitoring period, density or biomass increased for four parrotfish species. Population models indicate recovery is underway, and predict that a minimum of 9 years is needed to reach complete population recovery. Although the ban has been beneficial for parrotfish populations, my results also suggest that Belize's current network of MPAs have not provided general and measurable ecological benefits for parrotfish biomass or the benthic community. I found only weak genetic population structure among populations within the Southern Mesoamerican Barrier Reef suggesting that these populations are connected via larval dispersal. My results highlight the importance of establishing a management approach that crosses international boundaries and suggest that improved enforcement of MPAs and additional restrictions on fishing effort may be necessary to restore parrotfish populations and coral reef health. Advisors/Committee Members: Cox, Courtney, Bruno, John, Jones, Corbin, White, Peter, Castillo, Karl, Wares, John.

Subjects/Keywords: Ecology; Conservation biology; College of Arts and Sciences; Department of Biology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Cox, C. (2014). Evaluating Strategies for Restoring Parrotfish Populations in Belize. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:9fb43bde-b85b-486c-85ad-cf01f43027ca

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cox, Courtney. “Evaluating Strategies for Restoring Parrotfish Populations in Belize.” 2014. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:9fb43bde-b85b-486c-85ad-cf01f43027ca.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cox, Courtney. “Evaluating Strategies for Restoring Parrotfish Populations in Belize.” 2014. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Cox C. Evaluating Strategies for Restoring Parrotfish Populations in Belize. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:9fb43bde-b85b-486c-85ad-cf01f43027ca.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cox C. Evaluating Strategies for Restoring Parrotfish Populations in Belize. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2014. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:9fb43bde-b85b-486c-85ad-cf01f43027ca

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

15. McKnight, Meghan Wilde. Broad-Scale Patterns and Determinants of Beta-Diversity.

Degree: 2007, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:164d1317-9021-4c2b-8ff4-72299dd94328

► Ecologists recognize two components of biodiversity: inventory diversity, the species composition of a single place, and differentiation diversity, more commonly called beta-diversity, which is derived… (more)

▼ Ecologists recognize two components of biodiversity: inventory diversity, the species composition of a single place, and differentiation diversity, more commonly called beta-diversity, which is derived by several different methods from the change in species composition between places. Beta-diversity is determined through a complex array of processes relating to the interaction of species traits and characteristics of the physical landscape over time. Geographic variation in betadiversity reflects past and present differences in environment, ecological interactions, and biogeographic history, including barriers to dispersal. As beta-diversity quantifies the turnover in species across space, it has important applications to the scaling of diversity, the delineation of biotic regions and conservation planning. Despite the importance of beta-diversity, relatively little is known about diversity's "other component", particularly at broad scales. In this dissertation, I trace the conceptual evolution of beta-diversity in order to reconcile the different views surrounding it, and examine empirical patterns of terrestrial vertebrate beta-diversity at broad spatial scales in order to gain insight into this important diversity component. I use range data for amphibians, birds, and mammals within the Western Hemisphere to produce the only maps to date of beta-diversity at this scale for multiple classes of terrestrial vertebrates and test for cross-taxon congruence in broad-scale beta-diversity. I also examine the strength and geographic variation of the relationship between beta-diversity and species richness. In a third empirical chapter, I analyze whether beta-diversity of amphibians at a global scale varies systematically across biogeographic realms and biomes. My results show that vertebrates classes have congruent patterns of beta-diversity across the Western Hemisphere. Further, beta-diversity and richness exhibit disparate patterns for these taxa. I demonstrate, however, that the strength of beta-diversity congruence and the relationship of betadiversity to species richness vary with spatial extent, geographic location, and between taxa. Amphibian beta-diversity at a global scale also shows complex variation across biogeographic realms and biomes. These findings illustrate the influence of environmental, historical, and taxonomic differences on ecological relationships, and stress the need for stringent tests across multiple taxa and regions. Advisors/Committee Members: McKnight, Meghan Wilde, White, Peter.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

McKnight, M. W. (2007). Broad-Scale Patterns and Determinants of Beta-Diversity. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:164d1317-9021-4c2b-8ff4-72299dd94328

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McKnight, Meghan Wilde. “Broad-Scale Patterns and Determinants of Beta-Diversity.” 2007. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:164d1317-9021-4c2b-8ff4-72299dd94328.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McKnight, Meghan Wilde. “Broad-Scale Patterns and Determinants of Beta-Diversity.” 2007. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

McKnight MW. Broad-Scale Patterns and Determinants of Beta-Diversity. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:164d1317-9021-4c2b-8ff4-72299dd94328.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

McKnight MW. Broad-Scale Patterns and Determinants of Beta-Diversity. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2007. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:164d1317-9021-4c2b-8ff4-72299dd94328

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

16. Jobe, R. Todd. Biodiversity and Scale: Determinants of Species Richness in Great Smoky Mountains National Park.

Degree: 2006, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:ccd2d6d0-7e80-4f54-905a-16a04222a2b8

► Species richness is the number of species in a given area or sample and is the most fundamental measure of biodiversity. It results from the… (more)

▼ Species richness is the number of species in a given area or sample and is the most fundamental measure of biodiversity. It results from the aggregation of individual species whose distributions are influenced by processes operating on a wide range of scales. Estimating and understanding species richness at landscape scales (103-106 ha) is not easily achieved from small sample areas that can be completely inventoried. In particular the spatial structure of environments makes the richness observations across a landscape non-additive. This dissertation develops the vital links between the spatial structure of ecological factors that are hypothesized to control species richness, spatial variation in species composition, and the sampling strategies used to measure species richness. I present a method for objectively and iteratively assessing patterns of biodiversity. This method builds upon "ecological zipcodes" that classify the landscape by energy flux, temperature, and precipitation. I also present a model of human energetic expenditure during walking that can be applied at landscape scales. I use this model to analyze sampling bias associated with accessibility for vegetation surveys. I used both the "ecological zipcodes" and the model of accessibility to design efficient and representative biodiversity samples based on clustered-stratified sampling. Finally, I assess the reliability of richness estimators that incorporate turnover in species composition. My results illustrate that efficient and representative richness assessment is possible, even with little a priori knowledge about the spatial structure of species richness. They also demonstrate that typical biodiversity assessments show a strong bias in accessibility that is both a product of the spatial structuring of samples as well as environment. This bias is significant even for small biases in sample accessibility. Also, I show that though clustered sampling designs capture multiple scales of aggregation, their representativeness is very sensitive to stratification. Finally, my results show that species richness estimates that incorporate turnover are confounded by the interaction between sample size and environmental heterogeneity. Only when controlling for these effects, can information about the spatial turnover in species composition be effective in estimating species richness. Advisors/Committee Members: Jobe, R. Todd, White, Peter.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Jobe, R. T. (2006). Biodiversity and Scale: Determinants of Species Richness in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:ccd2d6d0-7e80-4f54-905a-16a04222a2b8

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jobe, R Todd. “Biodiversity and Scale: Determinants of Species Richness in Great Smoky Mountains National Park.” 2006. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:ccd2d6d0-7e80-4f54-905a-16a04222a2b8.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jobe, R Todd. “Biodiversity and Scale: Determinants of Species Richness in Great Smoky Mountains National Park.” 2006. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Jobe RT. Biodiversity and Scale: Determinants of Species Richness in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:ccd2d6d0-7e80-4f54-905a-16a04222a2b8.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jobe RT. Biodiversity and Scale: Determinants of Species Richness in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2006. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:ccd2d6d0-7e80-4f54-905a-16a04222a2b8

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

17. Kuppinger, Dane Mitchell. Post-fire vegetation dynamics and the invasion of Paulownia tomentosa in the southern Appalachians.

Degree: 2008, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:e0004881-ab6e-4e53-b1ce-479f651d5b92

► The last two decades have seen an increased awareness of fire’s importance in xeric southern Appalachian forest communities and an increase in its use as… (more)

▼ The last two decades have seen an increased awareness of fire’s importance in xeric southern Appalachian forest communities and an increase in its use as a management tool. In the last ten years, managers have also witnessed the invasion of Paulownia tomentosa (hereafter Paulownia) following some of these fires, and apparently as a consequence of the fires. If the pattern of Paulownia invasion is to be understood and the species targeted for control, it is essential to determine the variables that favor the spread of this exotic species into natural areas following fire and determine if it is impacting native communities or species. This work found that fire increases similarity between locations as measured by species composition and that the strength of this effect increases with fire severity. This is counter to Ryan’s Fire Severity Matrix which predicts that similarity will be negatively correlated with fire intensity. Although similarity between study sites increased after burning, each remained distinctive in ordination space and those differences increased over time as species reestablished themselves and environmental gradients shifted towards their pre-fire distributions in response to site-specific differences. This thesis also documents Paulownia seed dispersal up to 3.5 kilometers from mature individuals; distances which are orders of magnitude greater than those over which iv dispersal is generally measured. It also demonstrates that although Paulownia seeds may enter the seed-bank under appropriate conditions, they are killed by all but the least severe fires unless protected by burial. These buried seeds, even when only under 2cm of soil in the absence of litter, exhibit very limited germination. Together this demonstrates that invasion is controlled by the yearly seed rain rather than an accumulation of seeds within the seedbank. Habitat models document Paulownia’s range restriction over time as the initially prevalent high light and low competition conditions disappear with increasing native vegetation cover. Paulownia habitat is however maintained along cliff margins and narrow, shallow soiled benches suggesting that Paulownia will persist where these land forms are present. Although no significant correlation was found between Paulownia’s presence or cover and native species cover or diversity, this may not continue as Paulownia’s cover increases with stem maturity. Advisors/Committee Members: Kuppinger, Dane Mitchell, White, Peter, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Kuppinger, D. M. (2008). Post-fire vegetation dynamics and the invasion of Paulownia tomentosa in the southern Appalachians. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:e0004881-ab6e-4e53-b1ce-479f651d5b92

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kuppinger, Dane Mitchell. “Post-fire vegetation dynamics and the invasion of Paulownia tomentosa in the southern Appalachians.” 2008. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:e0004881-ab6e-4e53-b1ce-479f651d5b92.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kuppinger, Dane Mitchell. “Post-fire vegetation dynamics and the invasion of Paulownia tomentosa in the southern Appalachians.” 2008. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kuppinger DM. Post-fire vegetation dynamics and the invasion of Paulownia tomentosa in the southern Appalachians. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:e0004881-ab6e-4e53-b1ce-479f651d5b92.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kuppinger DM. Post-fire vegetation dynamics and the invasion of Paulownia tomentosa in the southern Appalachians. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2008. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:e0004881-ab6e-4e53-b1ce-479f651d5b92

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of North Carolina

18. Marcinko, Sarah E. Pattern and process in rare plant conservation: an assessment of the Southeastern U.S.

Degree: 2007, University of North Carolina

URL: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:709306db-bdf3-4013-acb4-524587f2256a

► The development of conservation policy for rare plant species is informed by largescale patterns of distribution and abundance as well as the processes that generate… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: College of Arts and Sciences; Curriculum in Environment and Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Marcinko, S. E. (2007). Pattern and process in rare plant conservation: an assessment of the Southeastern U.S. (Thesis). University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:709306db-bdf3-4013-acb4-524587f2256a

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marcinko, Sarah E. “Pattern and process in rare plant conservation: an assessment of the Southeastern U.S.” 2007. Thesis, University of North Carolina. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:709306db-bdf3-4013-acb4-524587f2256a.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marcinko, Sarah E. “Pattern and process in rare plant conservation: an assessment of the Southeastern U.S.” 2007. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Marcinko SE. Pattern and process in rare plant conservation: an assessment of the Southeastern U.S. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:709306db-bdf3-4013-acb4-524587f2256a.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Marcinko SE. Pattern and process in rare plant conservation: an assessment of the Southeastern U.S. [Thesis]. University of North Carolina; 2007. Available from: https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/record/uuid:709306db-bdf3-4013-acb4-524587f2256a

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations