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University of Miami
1.
Rossetti, Maria Agustina.
The Influence of Oxytocin on Adipose Tissue, Inflammation and Atherosclerosis.
Degree: MS, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2011, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/295 
► Purpose: The present study investigates the potential anti-inflammatory effects of in vivo oxytocin (OT) infusion on adipose tissue inflammation in the Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidimic Rabbits…
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▼ Purpose: The present study investigates the potential anti-inflammatory effects of in vivo oxytocin (OT) infusion on adipose tissue inflammation in the Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidimic Rabbits (WHHL). Methods: Twenty-eight 3-month-old WHHL were surgically implanted with osmotic minipumps containing OT (n = 14, infusion rate 250 ng/kg/hr) or vehicle (n = 14). Blood samples were taken at baseline, midpoint, and endpoint for lipids and C-reactive protein (CRP). After 16 weeks, animals were sacrificed and samples of adipose tissue (epididiymal, retroperitoneal, mesenteric, pericardial, and subcutanous) were collected and analyzed for pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1) and anti- inflammatory adipokine (adiponectin and IL-10) expression levels by Real Time- Polymerase Chain Reaction. Adipose tissue was also immunohistologically analyzed for macrophage infiltration. Aortas were dissected, formalin-fixed, and stained with oil-red O for en face quantification of lesion area. Student’s t-tests were used to compare group means for all measures.
Results: Endpoint OT levels were significantly different (p < .05) between the control ( M = 11.28 pg/ml, SEM = 2.5) and treatment group (M = 132.35 pg/ml, SEM = 8.5). Plasma lipids were not altered by OT infusion. OT-treatment significantly decreased plasma CRP, a marker of systemic inflammation, at midpoint and endpoint compared to controls (p = 0.05). OT-treated animals displayed significantly less atherosclerosis in the thoracic aorta (p < 0.05); a finding similar to our previously published study in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. In some fat depots, there was a trend suggesting adiponectin gene expression increased in the OT-treatment group. There were no significant differences or trends regarding macrophage infiltration in adipose tissue. Conclusions: Oxytocin infusion attenuated thoracic aortic atherosclerosis, plasma CRP, and may affect inflammatory cytokine expression in adipose tissue in the WHHL model.
Advisors/Committee Members: Philip McCabe, Armando Mendez, Neil Schneiderman.
Subjects/Keywords: oxytocin; adipose tissue; inflammation; atherosclerosis
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APA (6th Edition):
Rossetti, M. A. (2011). The Influence of Oxytocin on Adipose Tissue, Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. (Thesis). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/295
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rossetti, Maria Agustina. “The Influence of Oxytocin on Adipose Tissue, Inflammation and Atherosclerosis.” 2011. Thesis, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/295.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rossetti, Maria Agustina. “The Influence of Oxytocin on Adipose Tissue, Inflammation and Atherosclerosis.” 2011. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Rossetti MA. The Influence of Oxytocin on Adipose Tissue, Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2011. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/295.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Rossetti MA. The Influence of Oxytocin on Adipose Tissue, Inflammation and Atherosclerosis. [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2011. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/295
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Miami
2.
Sun-Suslow, Ni.
The Oxytocin Receptor as an Acute Phase Protein and its Signaling Pathways in Response to Inflammation.
Degree: MS, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2015, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/566
► Social environment influences the progression of atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory process. Oxytocin (OT) has been associated with pro-social behavior; however, plasma OT levels are not…
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▼ Social environment influences the progression of atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory process. Oxytocin (OT) has been associated with pro-social behavior; however, plasma OT levels are not elevated in a pro-social environment in animal models of disease. Infusion of exogenous OT in these disease models attenuates inflammation and arterial plaque, which raises the possibility that OT’s anti-inflammatory effects may be regulated at the level of the OT receptor (OTR) rather than by changes in plasma OT titers as a function of social environment. The current study investigated OTR and signaling pathways in human macrophages to understand how inflammation affects the OT/OTR system at the molecular level. We hypothesized that OTR is an acute phase protein, whose expression is increased during the inflammatory response though a nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) mediated pathway. We further evaluated whether inflammation alters OTR signaling pathways, which can occur through either the phosphatidylinositol (PI) (Gαq/11) or the cAMP (Gαs) pathways. Inflammation was induced by treating THP-1 macrophages with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and monitored by expression of the inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6). Cells were treated with exogenous IL-6 and NF- κB inhibitor and OTR gene expression was measured by RT-PCR. OTR signaling was evaluated by phosphorylation of downstream targets, ERK1/2 from the PI pathway, and CREB from the cAMP pathway, by immunoblotting after LPS and OT treatments. Induction of inflammation by LPS stimulation of macrophages significantly up-regulated OTR transcription 150-fold relative to control cell, however IL-6 had no effect on OTR expression. Blocking NF-κB activation prevented the increase in OTR transcription. Our data also confirmed OT-treatment of macrophages inhibits LPS stimulated IL-6 secretion. Incubation of LPS-treated cells with OT caused increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and CREB. Individual blocking of Gαq/11 and Gαs RNA resulted in a loss of OT’s ability to down-regulate IL-6. Together these results demonstrate receptor function through both Gαq/11 and Gαs signaling pathways during inflammation. OTR is an acute phase protein, whose expression can be regulated by NF-κB. Current data suggest both the PI and cAMP signaling pathways are activated by OTR during an inflammatory response and that the receptor may be responsible for attenuating the inflammatory response of the macrophage. This study is the first to demonstrate OT's effect on the non-conventional cAMP signaling pathway in this cell line and the importance of OTR in regulating inflammation. This suggests OTR regulation/function should be considered in addition to measurement of plasma OT.
Advisors/Committee Members: Philip M. McCabe, Armando J. Mendez, Neil Schneiderman.
Subjects/Keywords: Oxytocin Receptor; Oxytocin; Inflammation; Acute Phase Protein; Signaling Pathway
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APA (6th Edition):
Sun-Suslow, N. (2015). The Oxytocin Receptor as an Acute Phase Protein and its Signaling Pathways in Response to Inflammation. (Thesis). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/566
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sun-Suslow, Ni. “The Oxytocin Receptor as an Acute Phase Protein and its Signaling Pathways in Response to Inflammation.” 2015. Thesis, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/566.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sun-Suslow, Ni. “The Oxytocin Receptor as an Acute Phase Protein and its Signaling Pathways in Response to Inflammation.” 2015. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Sun-Suslow N. The Oxytocin Receptor as an Acute Phase Protein and its Signaling Pathways in Response to Inflammation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2015. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/566.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Sun-Suslow N. The Oxytocin Receptor as an Acute Phase Protein and its Signaling Pathways in Response to Inflammation. [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2015. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/566
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Miami
3.
Reina, Samantha A.
HDL Cholesterol and Stroke Risk: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
Degree: MS, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2015, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/548
► Research shows a link between HDL cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. Evidence of the relationship between HDL cholesterol and stroke risk is mixed. Accurate identification…
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▼ Research shows a link between HDL cholesterol and cardiovascular disease. Evidence of the relationship between HDL cholesterol and stroke risk is mixed. Accurate identification of risk factors for stroke is important for public health promotion and disease prevention. Whether measurement of HDL cholesterol content, particle number, or size is a better indicator of stroke risk remains disputed. Furthermore, the degree to which ethnicity is implicated in the emergence of these risk factors is unknown. The current study examined the relationship among HDL cholesterol, particle number, particle size, and ethnicity in predicting stroke. The population was an ethnically diverse cohort of US men and women between the ages of 45 - 84 years enrolled in 2000 - 2002 and followed up through December 2011 in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Results indicated that HDL-C and number of large HDL particles were negatively associated with stroke outcome. When interactions with race were evaluated, the relationship between both HDL variables and stroke outcome emerged as significant in Blacks, but not other races. We conclude that HDL-C is a reliable measure of stroke outcome, and the potentially protective role of large HDL particles calls for replication in future samples. Furthermore, the relationship between HDL subfractions and race/ethnicity warrants further study.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maria M. Llabre, Neil Schneiderman, Armando J. Mendez.
Subjects/Keywords: HDL cholesterol; stroke
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APA (6th Edition):
Reina, S. A. (2015). HDL Cholesterol and Stroke Risk: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. (Thesis). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/548
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Reina, Samantha A. “HDL Cholesterol and Stroke Risk: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.” 2015. Thesis, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/548.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Reina, Samantha A. “HDL Cholesterol and Stroke Risk: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.” 2015. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Reina SA. HDL Cholesterol and Stroke Risk: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2015. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/548.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Reina SA. HDL Cholesterol and Stroke Risk: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2015. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/548
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Miami
4.
Brintz, Carrie E.
Religiosity, Spirituality, and the Metabolic Syndrome Among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos in the Sociocultural Ancillary Study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).
Degree: MS, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2013, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/404
► Hispanics/Latinos in the U.S. experience a disproportionate amount of socioeconomic adversities and culturally specific stressors. In addition, they have higher rates of obesity and…
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▼ Hispanics/Latinos in the U.S. experience a disproportionate amount of socioeconomic adversities and culturally specific stressors. In addition, they have higher rates of obesity and diabetes than other ethnic groups and may have higher rates of the metabolic syndrome. Religiosity and Spirituality (R/S) are integral parts of Hispanic culture, and have been shown to be protective of various health outcomes such as all-cause mortality and CVD in the general population. Health outcomes and possible protective factors such as R/S have not been well studied in Hispanics. The proposed study examined the relationship between multiple dimensions of R/S and the metabolic syndrome and its individual components in Hispanics aged 45 years and older. Structural equation modeling was used to examine pathways from multiple dimensions of spiritual well-being to prevalent MetS as well as individual components of the MetS, controlling for a relevant set of covariates. Although there was no relationship between R/S predictors and the MetS, secondary analyses indicated a significant zero-order correlation between relational spiritual well-being and lower prevalence of the MetS in those of Mexican origin only, which was no longer significant when adjusting for covariates. Significant zero-order correlations, which held up after controlling for other R/S predictors and covariates indicated that greater meaning/peace was associated with lower waist circumference, and greater faith was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure. Future studies should examine these relationships longitudinally and explore the possible mechanisms explaining these relationships.
Advisors/Committee Members: Neil Schneiderman, Gail Ironson, Frank Penedo, Daniel Santisteban.
Subjects/Keywords: Religiosity; Spirituality; Metabolic Syndrome; Hispanics; Latinos
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APA (6th Edition):
Brintz, C. E. (2013). Religiosity, Spirituality, and the Metabolic Syndrome Among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos in the Sociocultural Ancillary Study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). (Thesis). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/404
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Brintz, Carrie E. “Religiosity, Spirituality, and the Metabolic Syndrome Among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos in the Sociocultural Ancillary Study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).” 2013. Thesis, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/404.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Brintz, Carrie E. “Religiosity, Spirituality, and the Metabolic Syndrome Among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos in the Sociocultural Ancillary Study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).” 2013. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Brintz CE. Religiosity, Spirituality, and the Metabolic Syndrome Among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos in the Sociocultural Ancillary Study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2013. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/404.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Brintz CE. Religiosity, Spirituality, and the Metabolic Syndrome Among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos in the Sociocultural Ancillary Study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2013. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/404
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Miami
5.
Shaffer, Kelly M.
Risk and Manifestation of Cardiovascular Disease Among Cancer Caregivers: Effects of Stress, Depression, and Gender.
Degree: MS, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2013, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/390
► Family members and friends who provide unpaid care to an ill relative tend to experience higher levels of stress, more depressive symptoms, and greater…
(more)
▼ Family members and friends who provide unpaid care to an ill relative tend to experience higher levels of stress, more depressive symptoms, and greater vulnerability to disease than the general population (Pinquart & Sörensen, 2003). This study was to determine whether cancer caregivers experience an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and to examine the extent to which psychosocial variables related to the disease outcomes. A total of 896 caregivers participated in a national survey at two years after the diagnosis of their relative with cancer (T1), and 607 participated again at five years post-diagnosis (T2) provided self-report data on study variables. Raw prevalence rates for CVD risk conditions (hypertension, obesity, high cholesterol, and diabetes) and CVD manifestations (angina, coronary heart disease, cardiac arrest, congestive heart failure, heart attack, and stroke) were adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, and gender for comparison with similarly adjusted U.S. population rates. Comparisons showed that although cancer caregivers have comparable cardiovascular health at both two (T1) and five (T2) years post-diagnosis, caregivers had significant increases in prevalence of all conditions studied between observations. Next, the extent to which three psychosocial variables related to the development of CVD risk conditions and manifestations was investigated using hierarchical logistic regression analysis. Subjective caregiving stress at T1 marginally significantly predicted development of any of the CVD risk factors studied by T2. Greater levels of depressive symptoms at T1 significantly predicted the development of several risk conditions and manifestations at T2: obesity, any of the CVD manifestation conditions studied, and irregular heartbeat/CHF/heart attack. Greater depressive symptoms at T1 also aggravated the adverse effect of subjective caregiving stress on development of two CVD manifestations: development of any CVD manifestation studied and irregular heartbeat/ pacemaker/murmur specifically. Men were more likely to develop the CVD risk factor of high cholesterol and CVD manifestation of cardiac arrest/CHF/heart attack by T2 than women. Gender was not a significant moderator of the link between subjective caregiving stress and CVD outcomes. Findings suggest that while cancer caregivers as a whole have comparable cardiovascular health to the national population through five years after their relative’s initial cancer diagnosis, distressed caregivers during earlier survivorship phase may be at a higher risk of developing CVDs later in the caregiving trajectory.
Advisors/Committee Members: Youngmee Kim, Sara Czaja, Neil Schneiderman.
Subjects/Keywords: Cardiovascular Disease; Caregiving; Depression; Caregiving Stress
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Shaffer, K. M. (2013). Risk and Manifestation of Cardiovascular Disease Among Cancer Caregivers: Effects of Stress, Depression, and Gender. (Thesis). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/390
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shaffer, Kelly M. “Risk and Manifestation of Cardiovascular Disease Among Cancer Caregivers: Effects of Stress, Depression, and Gender.” 2013. Thesis, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/390.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shaffer, Kelly M. “Risk and Manifestation of Cardiovascular Disease Among Cancer Caregivers: Effects of Stress, Depression, and Gender.” 2013. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Shaffer KM. Risk and Manifestation of Cardiovascular Disease Among Cancer Caregivers: Effects of Stress, Depression, and Gender. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2013. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/390.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Shaffer KM. Risk and Manifestation of Cardiovascular Disease Among Cancer Caregivers: Effects of Stress, Depression, and Gender. [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2013. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/390
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Miami
6.
Chirinos Medina, Diana A.
Leptin as a Novel Predictor of Somatic Depressive Symptoms in Hispanics with the Metabolic Syndrome.
Degree: MS, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2012, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/318
► The association between depression and the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) has been extensively investigated, and inflammation has been identified as an underlying link. Recent reports,…
(more)
▼ The association between depression and the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) has been extensively investigated, and inflammation has been identified as an underlying link. Recent reports, however, indicate a possible role of leptin in modulating the immune response, yielding increases in inflammatory markers. The literature suggests this hormone may not only explain the metabolic abnormalities associated with depression but may also act as a biomarker of depression itself. This study aimed to determine the association between circulating leptin and total depressive symptoms and depressive symptom dimensions (cognitive and somatic) after controlling for important confounding factors such as age, gender, insulin resistance, body mass index (BMI) and inflammation. We studied 119 Hispanic participants, 60 women and 59 men, recruited for the Community Health and Risk-reduction for the Metabolic Syndrome (CHARMS) study. Depression was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Somatic and Cognitive subscale scores were calculated. Leptin was measured using a leptin-specific enzyme immunoassay. Inflammation was assessed using C-reactive protein (CRP) measured with a high-sensitivity assay. Participants with CRP levels greater than 10 mg/L were excluded from analysis. CRP and leptin levels were log transformed to achieve a normal distribution. Median BDI total score, BDI cognitive score and BDI somatic score were 8, 3 and 5, respectively. Median circulating leptin levels were 30.6 ng/ml. In univariate regression, leptin levels were significantly associated with total (β =0.36, P=.000), cognitive (β =0.24, P=.011) and somatic depressive symptoms (β =0.48, P=.000). After controlling for age, gender, insulin resistance, BMI and inflammation, circulating leptin levels remained significantly associated with somatic depressive symptoms only (β =.41, P=.004). Another important predictor of somatic depressive symptoms was age (β=0.23; P=0.004). The model accounted for 31% of the variance in somatic depression scores. Leptin is significantly associated with somatic depressive symptoms in Hispanics with the MetS. This association was independent of important confounding factors such as gender, age, BMI, insulin resistance and inflammation. Further research is needed to elucidate the complex pathways linking depression and the MetS while incorporating the potential role of leptin.
Advisors/Committee Members: Neil Schneiderman, Marc Gellman, Ronald Goldberg.
Subjects/Keywords: leptin; depression; inflammation; Hispanics; Metabolic Syndrome
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APA (6th Edition):
Chirinos Medina, D. A. (2012). Leptin as a Novel Predictor of Somatic Depressive Symptoms in Hispanics with the Metabolic Syndrome. (Thesis). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/318
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chirinos Medina, Diana A. “Leptin as a Novel Predictor of Somatic Depressive Symptoms in Hispanics with the Metabolic Syndrome.” 2012. Thesis, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/318.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chirinos Medina, Diana A. “Leptin as a Novel Predictor of Somatic Depressive Symptoms in Hispanics with the Metabolic Syndrome.” 2012. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Chirinos Medina DA. Leptin as a Novel Predictor of Somatic Depressive Symptoms in Hispanics with the Metabolic Syndrome. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2012. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/318.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Chirinos Medina DA. Leptin as a Novel Predictor of Somatic Depressive Symptoms in Hispanics with the Metabolic Syndrome. [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2012. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/318
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Miami
7.
Moncrieft, Ashley E.
Inactivity, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome.
Degree: MS, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2011, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/300
► Both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the the metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Inflammation and…
(more)
▼ Both type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the the metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Inflammation and insulin resistance have each been associated with the development of MetS and the onset of T2D as well as the risk of CVD. Inflammation and insulin resistance are therefore suitable targets for public health initiatives and interventions in persons at risk for or living with CVD. Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for CVD as well as MetS and T2D. Conversely, increased physical activity is associated with improved health outcomes for individuals with a high risk for developing CVD. Two possible mechanisms for the deleterious effects of inactivity on health are inflammation and insulin resistance. Researchers have hypothesized that increased adiposity and reduced fitness are partially responsible for the associations between inactivity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. However, these relationships have not been studied extensively in overweight/obese individuals, who are often unfit and sedentary. The purpose of this study was to further examine the relationship between baseline measures of walking activity and sedentary behavior, and inflammation and insulin resistance in a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome. This thesis examined baseline data from participants enrolled in either of two studies of patients with T2D (n = 116) or MetS without T2D (n = 126). Participants included low income men and women (not pregnant or nursing) between the ages of 18 and 70 who either show depressed affect (BDI > 11), and were overweight (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2) and had type 2 diabetes or had at least 3 components of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) classification of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Structural equation modeling was used to determine if physical inactivity is associated with inflammation or insulin resistance in these conditions. Possible mediational roles of adiposity and low cardiorespiratory fitness were also examined. Additional analyses were conducted to determine if these relationships can be estimated equally in MetS and T2D conditions. Activity was indirectly related to abdominal adiposity via an indirect, positive association with cardiorespiratory fitness. Abdominal adiposity was positively related to both inflammation and insulin resistance. There were no direct associations between activity and inflammation or insulin resistance in this population. Therefore, walking may be negatively related to cardiovascular risk, insofar as it reduces abdominal adiposity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Neil Schneiderman, Maria M. Llabre, Ronald Goldberg.
Subjects/Keywords: inflammation; insulin resistance; physical activity; metabolic syndrome; type 2 diabetes
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APA (6th Edition):
Moncrieft, A. E. (2011). Inactivity, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome. (Thesis). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/300
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Moncrieft, Ashley E. “Inactivity, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome.” 2011. Thesis, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/300.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Moncrieft, Ashley E. “Inactivity, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome.” 2011. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Moncrieft AE. Inactivity, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2011. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/300.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Moncrieft AE. Inactivity, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome. [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2011. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/300
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Miami
8.
Foti, Samantha A.
Psychosocial Reserve Capacity as Moderator of the Relationship Between Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Health: Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2019, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2312
► Chronic stress can result in long-term changes that influence susceptibility to disease, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Perceptions of stressors such as relationship struggles, financial burden,…
(more)
▼ Chronic stress can result in long-term changes that influence susceptibility to disease, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Perceptions of stressors such as relationship struggles, financial burden, and job strain, differ based on availability of both tangible and intangible resources, such as level of education, emotional support, and health insurance coverage. The availability of these resources, which comprise an individual’s psychosocial reserve capacity, may moderate the relationship between chronic stress burden and cardiovascular health. Since chronic stress has been inconsistently operationalized in literature, the current study examined a latent variable model of chronic stress in relation to components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) (waist circumference, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) and CVD. We then determined the extent to which certain resources in the psychosocial reserve capacity moderate the relationship between chronic stress and cardiovascular health. Exploratory analyses examined the moderating role of sex on health outcomes and the relationship between chronic stress and depressive symptoms. Analyses were conducted on previously collected data from 6685 White, Black, Hispanic, and Chinese American men and women between the ages of 45 - 84 enrolled in 2000 - 2002 in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. CVD outcome was collected up until nine years post-baseline. A latent variable model, comprised of four indicators of chronic stress (namely, money/financial, job/ability to work, relationship, and health problem (other) stress), fit the data (CFI = .988; RMSEA = .019 90% CI (.004 - .031); SRMR = .020). Additionally, measurement invariance was achieved across the four races/ethnicities, demonstrating that comparisons can be made on the same construct across groups. Results showed that latent chronic stress was positively associated with waist circumference (B = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.30 – 1.69, p < .01), and fasting glucose (B = 2.16, 95% CI: 0.75 – 3.56, p <.01) but not significantly related to HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic, or diastolic blood pressure. Level of education moderated the relationship between chronic stress and HDL cholesterol, such that for less educated individuals, as chronic stress increases, HDL also increases by 1.62 mg/dL. Emotional support and health insurance coverage did not moderate the relationship between chronic stress and any MetS component. Surprisingly, chronic stress was not significantly related to CVD in any race/ethnicity, and none of the predicted moderators moderated the relationship between chronic stress and CVD. Exploratory analyses examined the moderating role of sex on MetS components and CVD. Sex moderated the relationship between chronic stress and waist circumference (B = -1.70, 95% CI: -2.88 - -0.53, p <.01). In both women and men, stress was positively related to waist circumference. However, the relationship was stronger in women than in men. Sex was also a…
Advisors/Committee Members: Maria M. Llabre, Neil Schneiderman, Michael Antoni, Marc Gellman, Armando Mendez.
Subjects/Keywords: chronic stress; metabolic health; metabolic syndrome; cardiovascular disease; race/ethnicity
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APA (6th Edition):
Foti, S. A. (2019). Psychosocial Reserve Capacity as Moderator of the Relationship Between Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Health: Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2312
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Foti, Samantha A. “Psychosocial Reserve Capacity as Moderator of the Relationship Between Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Health: Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2312.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Foti, Samantha A. “Psychosocial Reserve Capacity as Moderator of the Relationship Between Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Health: Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.” 2019. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Foti SA. Psychosocial Reserve Capacity as Moderator of the Relationship Between Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Health: Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2019. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2312.
Council of Science Editors:
Foti SA. Psychosocial Reserve Capacity as Moderator of the Relationship Between Chronic Stress and Cardiovascular Health: Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2019. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2312
University of Miami
9.
Ruffin, Rachel A.
Emotional Expression and Depth Processing In Trauma Writing: Impact on HIV/AIDS-Targeted Quality of Life.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2011, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/616
► Expressive writing has been linked to positive psychological and health outcomes in general and medical populations, but research examining this intervention in HIV is…
(more)
▼ Expressive writing has been linked to positive psychological and health outcomes in general and medical populations, but research examining this intervention in HIV is limited. Higher levels of emotional expression (EE) and depth processing (DP) during writing have been linked to better health status in HIV. Expressive writing has been shown to improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in other populations, but has not been examined in HIV. HRQoL is often compromised in HIV+ individuals and therefore improvements in this area are an appropriate goal of psychosocial interventions. This longitudinal study used HLM analyses to examine the relationship between levels of EE and DP during trauma writing and the rate of change in HRQoL over six months in an ethnically diverse sample of 106 HIV+ men and women. Three subscales of the HIV/AIDS-targeted Quality of Life measure were examined: Overall Healthy Functioing (HRQoL-Overall), Without Health Worries (HRQoL-Health), and Life Satisfaction (HRQoL-Life). All longitudinal analyses controlled for demographic (age, gender, race/ethnicity, education), medical (CD4 and VL) and psychological (stressful life events) factors. No significant effects were found for EE/DP to predict changes in HRQoL over time for the full sample. When men and women were examined separately, there was a non-significant tendency for men to decrease in HRQoL over time and for women to increase over time, and a number of EE/DP variables were significant predictors of rate of change in HRQoL. As hypothesized, for women (n = 44) higher level of Experiential Involvement DP predicted greater increase in HRQoL-Overall and HRQoL-Life, and higher negative EE also predicted greater increase in HRQoL-Life over time. Opposite of the direction hypothesized, higher Self Esteem DP predicted a lower level of increase in HRQoL-Life for women. For men (n = 62), findings appeared to be in the opposite direction of women, with greater Self Esteem DP working as a buffer to decreases in HRQoL-Life and HRQoL-Health over time. Furthermore, higher Experiential Involvement and negative EE appeared detrimental for men as both predicted greater decreases in HRQoL-Life over time and Experiential Involvement also predicted greater decreases in HRQoL-Health. Results should be interpreted with caution, as the overall slopes did not show significant change in HRQoL over time. The reasons for observed gender differences are not known. This is the first study to examine the impact of EE and DP in expressive trauma writing on HRQoL in HIV+ individuals. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gail Ironson, Neil Schneiderman, Michael Antoni, Craig Marker, Deborah Jones.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV; emotional expression; trauma; expressive writing; writing interventions; quality of life; HIV/AIDS-targeted quality of life; trauma processing
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APA (6th Edition):
Ruffin, R. A. (2011). Emotional Expression and Depth Processing In Trauma Writing: Impact on HIV/AIDS-Targeted Quality of Life. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/616
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ruffin, Rachel A. “Emotional Expression and Depth Processing In Trauma Writing: Impact on HIV/AIDS-Targeted Quality of Life.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/616.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ruffin, Rachel A. “Emotional Expression and Depth Processing In Trauma Writing: Impact on HIV/AIDS-Targeted Quality of Life.” 2011. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Ruffin RA. Emotional Expression and Depth Processing In Trauma Writing: Impact on HIV/AIDS-Targeted Quality of Life. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2011. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/616.
Council of Science Editors:
Ruffin RA. Emotional Expression and Depth Processing In Trauma Writing: Impact on HIV/AIDS-Targeted Quality of Life. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2011. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/616
University of Miami
10.
Bandiera, Frank Charlie.
Association between Asthma and Depressive Symptoms: A Biopsychosocial Model.
Degree: PhD, Epidemiology (Medicine), 2012, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/809
► Both asthma and depression are common conditions that are associated with premature mortality and morbidity. In the literature, there is a consistent positive association…
(more)
▼ Both asthma and depression are common conditions that are associated with premature mortality and morbidity. In the literature, there is a consistent positive association between asthma and depression in the general community. However, the health consequences of this association as well as groups at greater risk for this association are not well established. Demographic variables (such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, and poverty), and medical and behavioral risk factors (such as cigarette smoking and obesity) moderate the association between asthma and depressive symptoms. Associations between asthma, depressive symptoms, and inflammation and immunity may also exist. We used existing publically available data from the 2004-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) to examine these associations (n=11,329). Asthma was measured by self-report and depression by the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Linear regression was used to test interactions between asthma and several subgroups mentioned above. Structural equation modeling was used to establish associations between asthma, depression, and inflammatory biomarkers. Asthma was positively associated with a total score of depressive symptoms. Overall, there were significant interactions between age and asthma and poverty and asthma on the total score of depressive symptoms, such that the association between asthma and depressive symptoms was stronger for middle aged persons and persons living in or near poverty. Analyses stratified by age (i.e., young, middle aged, and older aged) and poverty (i.e., near poor or poor versus not near poor or poor) revealed interactions by smoking and asthma and body mass index and asthma. Among young persons living in or near poverty, the association between asthma and the total score of depressive symptoms was stronger for current smokers than never smokers. Among young persons not living in or near poverty, middle aged persons living in or near poverty, and older persons not living near or in poverty, the association between asthma and the total score of depressive symptoms was stronger for obese compared to normal weight persons. Structural equation modeling was used to test associations between asthma, depressive typology, and inflammation and immunity. Among middle aged persons living or near poverty, there were significant indirect effects from asthma to the symptoms of somatic depression to the total number of white blood cells, monocytes, and lymphocytes. In summary, results from this study indicated that associations between asthma and depressive symptoms were evident for only select population subgroups. Last, somatic depression is a mediator of the association between asthma and some inflammation indicators among middle aged persons living in or near poverty.
Advisors/Committee Members: David J. Lee, Neil Schneiderman, Kristopher Arheart, Lora E. Fleming.
Subjects/Keywords: Asthma; depression; inflammation; subgroups
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Bandiera, F. C. (2012). Association between Asthma and Depressive Symptoms: A Biopsychosocial Model. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/809
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bandiera, Frank Charlie. “Association between Asthma and Depressive Symptoms: A Biopsychosocial Model.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/809.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bandiera, Frank Charlie. “Association between Asthma and Depressive Symptoms: A Biopsychosocial Model.” 2012. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Bandiera FC. Association between Asthma and Depressive Symptoms: A Biopsychosocial Model. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2012. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/809.
Council of Science Editors:
Bandiera FC. Association between Asthma and Depressive Symptoms: A Biopsychosocial Model. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2012. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/809
University of Miami
11.
Chirinos Medina, Diana A.
Defining Abdominal Obesity as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease in the US Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2016, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1691
► It is now well established that pronounced differences exist in prevalence of abdominal obesity across gender and ethnicity. Hispanic/Latinos, in particular, have been shown…
(more)
▼ It is now well established that pronounced differences exist in prevalence of abdominal obesity across gender and ethnicity. Hispanic/Latinos, in particular, have been shown to have markedly distinct prevalence when compared to other ethnic populations around the world. Various organizations have highlighted the need to examine whether overall abdominal obesity cut points are appropriate for the use in this ethnic minority, particular highlighting the need of research among Hispanic/Latino residing in Western countries. This study used data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), the largest study of Hispanic/Latinos in the US, to: (1) establish optimal definitions for abdominal obesity among Hispanic/Latino adults, (2) determine the level of agreement between the presence of the metabolic syndrome diagnosed by the current Joint Interim Statement (IJS) definition and an updated definition with optimal abdominal obesity cut points, and (3) examine the association between the presence of the metabolic syndrome, diagnosed by both the IJS and our updated definition, and coronary heart disease (CHD). The sample was comprised of 16,289 individuals (59.94% female). Our results indicate than among US Hispanic/Latino adults, waist circumference cut points of >102 cm in men and >97 cm in women provide optimal discrimination for cardiovascular risk as judged by the presence of CHD. When using these cut points to create an updated metabolic syndrome definition among women, we found disagreement between our updated definition and the current IJS criteria for metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was overestimated by about 5% points among women based on IJS criteria when compared to our updated definition. Further, we determined that the performance of our updated metabolic syndrome definition as predictor of CHD was comparable to that of the IJS definition. In this paper, we provide for the first time an empirically-derived definition of abdominal obesity for use among Hispanic/Latino adults in the US. Future reports should examine our recommended waist circumference definition cut points and the performance of our updated metabolic syndrome definition as a predictor of cardiovascular risk among US Hispanic/Latinos in prospective designs.
Advisors/Committee Members: Neil Schneiderman, Maria M. Llabre, Marc Gellman, Ronald Goldberg, Armando Mendez.
Subjects/Keywords: Waist circumference; cardiovascular disease; metabolic syndrome; Hispanics
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APA (6th Edition):
Chirinos Medina, D. A. (2016). Defining Abdominal Obesity as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease in the US Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1691
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chirinos Medina, Diana A. “Defining Abdominal Obesity as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease in the US Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1691.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chirinos Medina, Diana A. “Defining Abdominal Obesity as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease in the US Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).” 2016. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Chirinos Medina DA. Defining Abdominal Obesity as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease in the US Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1691.
Council of Science Editors:
Chirinos Medina DA. Defining Abdominal Obesity as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease in the US Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2016. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1691
University of Miami
12.
Arguelles, William.
Progression of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification: Findings from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Degree: MS, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2011, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/396
► There are few published data describing the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, the progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC; a measure of…
(more)
▼ There are few published data describing the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, the progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC; a measure of subclinical CVD), and how these processes relate to one another. Most previous studies have been limited by cross-sectional designs and small or restricted samples. The few prospective studies examining these relationships have used baseline CVD risk factor values to predict CAC change scores, and have yielded inconsistent findings. This study used latent growth modeling to examine how progression in specific cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs; waist circumference, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose) relates to incidence and progression of CAC in a multi-ethnic cohort of 4,560 asymptomatic individuals, controlling for baseline risk factor and CAC values, age, race/ethnicity, smoking, family history of CVD, income, and time-varying use of antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and glucose-lowering medications. All analyses were conducted separately on men (n = 2,132) and on women (n = 2,428). Consistent with an earlier study of this sample (Kronmal et al., 2007), several CRFs at baseline were associated with CAC incidence and progression. Some gender differences in these associations were further outlined. Among individuals that had undetectable CAC at baseline, change over time in CRFs was not related to incidence of CAC in either men or women. Among women who had detectable CAC at baseline, regression (or less progression) in systolic (B = -3.173, p < .05) and diastolic blood pressure (B = -8.558, p < .05), as well as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (B = -2.485, p < .05), was each univariately associated with greater CAC progression. These associations appeared to be influenced by medication use, such that women taking antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications exhibited greater CAC progression despite showing average decreases in respective CRF levels over time. Furthermore, when change in blood pressure and change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level were both included as predictors of CAC progression, only change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level remained inversely associated with CAC progression. No significant associations between change in CRFs and CAC progression were observed in men who had detectable CAC at baseline. To our knowledge, this is the first study systematically reporting on how change in various CVD risk factors relates to progression of CAC. A brief discussion regarding these findings, as well as suggestions for future research, are provided.
Advisors/Committee Members: Neil Schneiderman, Maria M. Llabre, Frank J. Penedo, Ralph L. Sacco.
Subjects/Keywords: Growth Modeling; Progression; Cardiovascular Disease; Risk Factors; Coronary Artery Calcification
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APA (6th Edition):
Arguelles, W. (2011). Progression of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification: Findings from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). (Thesis). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/396
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Arguelles, William. “Progression of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification: Findings from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).” 2011. Thesis, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/396.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Arguelles, William. “Progression of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification: Findings from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).” 2011. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Arguelles W. Progression of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification: Findings from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2011. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/396.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Arguelles W. Progression of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcification: Findings from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2011. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/396
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Miami
13.
Fitzpatrick, Stephanie L.
Health Knowledge & Health Behavior Outcomes in Adolescents with Elevated Blood Pressure.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2011, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/589
► The purpose of this current study was to examine the influence of cardiovascular health knowledge on dietary and physical activity changes in 15-17 year olds…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this current study was to examine the influence of cardiovascular health knowledge on dietary and physical activity changes in 15-17 year olds with elevated blood pressure. The sample consisted of 167 adolescents randomized into one of three treatment conditions (minimal, moderate, or intense). Each adolescent completed a fitness test (peak VO2), 24-hour dietary recall, 7 Day Activity Recall (kilocalories expended per day), Self-efficacy Questionnaire, and Stages of Change Questionnaire every three months. The Health Knowledge Assessment was given at baseline and at post-intervention. Classical test theory, confirmatory factor analysis, and item response theory frameworks were applied to examine psychometric properties of the Health Knowledge Assessment. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the change in health behaviors and the relationship with health knowledge, self-efficacy, and readiness for change. The 34-item Health Knowledge Assessment had good internal consistency and the items loaded onto a single factor at pretest and posttest. Furthermore, there was a good distribution of easy, moderate, and hard items at pretest, but additional hard items were needed at posttest. There were no treatment condition differences in level of health knowledge at pretest. The intense condition had significantly higher health knowledge
than the minimal and moderate conditions at posttest; level of health knowledge for the moderate condition was significantly higher than the minimal condition at posttest. Level of nutrition knowledge at posttest was not associated with any of the dietary intake variables nor was level of exercise knowledge associated with the two physical activity variables at post-intervention. However, there was a marginally significant association between level of nutrition knowledge and nutrition self-efficacy at posttest. Nutrition self-efficacy and nutrition readiness for change at posttest were also associated with a decrease in sugar consumption at post-intervention. Implications of this study suggest that a cardiovascular health intervention for adolescents with elevated blood pressure, consisting of group sessions and/or individual sessions over the course of three to six months, was effective in terms of increasing cardiovascular health knowledge, self-efficacy, and readiness for change. Nonetheless, the role that health knowledge plays in health behavior change needs to be further examined.
Advisors/Committee Members: Patrice G. Saab, Maria M. Llabre, Judith R. McCalla, Neil Schneiderman, Randall Penfield.
Subjects/Keywords: Health knowledge; diet; physical activity; adolescents; classical test theory; item response theory
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APA (6th Edition):
Fitzpatrick, S. L. (2011). Health Knowledge & Health Behavior Outcomes in Adolescents with Elevated Blood Pressure. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/589
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fitzpatrick, Stephanie L. “Health Knowledge & Health Behavior Outcomes in Adolescents with Elevated Blood Pressure.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/589.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fitzpatrick, Stephanie L. “Health Knowledge & Health Behavior Outcomes in Adolescents with Elevated Blood Pressure.” 2011. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Fitzpatrick SL. Health Knowledge & Health Behavior Outcomes in Adolescents with Elevated Blood Pressure. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2011. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/589.
Council of Science Editors:
Fitzpatrick SL. Health Knowledge & Health Behavior Outcomes in Adolescents with Elevated Blood Pressure. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2011. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/589
University of Miami
14.
Rodríguez Esquivel, Denise.
An Experimental Test of Culturally Specific versus Standard Smoking Cessation Messages Targeting Hispanics.
Degree: PhD, Architecture (Architecture), 2013, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1151
► Culturally specific smoking cessation interventions have been recommended for racial/ethnic minority smokers in the U.S., though few cessation trials have focused on Hispanics. As a…
(more)
▼ Culturally specific smoking cessation interventions have been recommended for racial/ethnic minority smokers in the U.S., though few cessation trials have focused on Hispanics. As a result, little is known about effective intervention delivery or factors that should be considered. The aims of this study were to test the acceptability and efficacy of a smoking cessation intervention varying in cultural specificity and language. Participants (N = 222) were English-Spanish bilingual Hispanic smokers recruited from the community. A 2 (Language: preferred vs. less preferred) X 2 (Intervention type: standard vs. culturally specific) between-subjects experiment was conducted. Language preference was assessed, and participants were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) culturally specific smoking cessation intervention, preferred language; (2) standard intervention, preferred language; (3) culturally specific intervention, less
preferred language; or (4) standard intervention, less preferred language. The dependent variables measured intervention acceptability (intervention satisfaction, utilization, and content evaluation) and efficacy (readiness to quit, pros and cons of smoking, and smoking related knowledge). Hypotheses included: (1) a main effect of language, such that preferred language would result in greater acceptability and efficacy compared to less preferred language; (2) a main effect of intervention type, such that the culturally specific intervention would result in greater acceptability and efficacy compared to the standard intervention; and (3) an interaction effect, such that the culturally specific intervention in participants’ preferred language would result in greater acceptability and efficacy than the standard intervention in participants’ less preferred language. Acculturation was controlled for in all main analyses. Contrary to expectations, results indicated that the standard intervention led to greater satisfaction compared to the culturally specific intervention. However, as hypothesized, a main effect of language demonstrated greater intervention utilization in the preferred language conditions compared to the less preferred language conditions. A main effect of intervention type demonstrated greater cons of smoking in the culturally specific conditions compared to the standard conditions. A main effect of intervention type demonstrated a greater reduction in cigarettes per day at the two-week follow up in the culturally specific conditions compared to the standard conditions. Exploratory analyses were conducted to examine intervention effects in subgroups of the sample, by household income, generational status, and gender. These analyses revealed that content evaluation scores were highest for participants who earned more than 20,000 per year and received the intervention in their preferred language. Second, participants who earned more than 20,000 per year reported greater readiness to quit than those who earned less. Third, there was a main effect of generational status on the pros…
Advisors/Committee Members: Monica Webb Hooper, Neil Schneiderman, Frank J. Penedo, Amy G. Weisman de Mamani, Noella A. Dietz.
Subjects/Keywords: smoking cessation; Hispanic/Latino; culturally specific interventions
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APA (6th Edition):
Rodríguez Esquivel, D. (2013). An Experimental Test of Culturally Specific versus Standard Smoking Cessation Messages Targeting Hispanics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1151
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rodríguez Esquivel, Denise. “An Experimental Test of Culturally Specific versus Standard Smoking Cessation Messages Targeting Hispanics.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1151.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rodríguez Esquivel, Denise. “An Experimental Test of Culturally Specific versus Standard Smoking Cessation Messages Targeting Hispanics.” 2013. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Rodríguez Esquivel D. An Experimental Test of Culturally Specific versus Standard Smoking Cessation Messages Targeting Hispanics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2013. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1151.
Council of Science Editors:
Rodríguez Esquivel D. An Experimental Test of Culturally Specific versus Standard Smoking Cessation Messages Targeting Hispanics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2013. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1151
University of Miami
15.
Rossetti, Maria Agustina.
The Relationship among Adiponectin Isoforms, Brain Morphology, and Cognition.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2015, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1491
► Objective: BMI in midlife has been shown to increase the risk of dementia later in life, independent of other cardiovascular comorbidities. However, this association reverses…
(more)
▼ Objective: BMI in midlife has been shown to increase the risk of dementia later in life, independent of other cardiovascular comorbidities. However, this association reverses direction later in life (age 60-70 years) such that older individuals with dementia have lower BMIs than those without dementia. Adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory cytokine released by adipose tissue, is negatively correlated with body weight and BMI. Adiponectin exists in low molecular weight (LMW) and high molecular weight (HMW) isoforms. It has been proposed that LMW adiponectin may have central effects. This study examined the association of circulating adiponectin isoforms with BMI, memory performance, and brain morphology (hippocampus and white mater hypointensities), in older individuals with memory complaints. Participants and Methods: Ninety-two participants (Mage=75, SD=9) from the
University of
Miami Memory Disorders Clinic consented to donation of a blood sample and were included for analyses in the present study. Adiponectin immunoassays for adiponectin isoforms were developed with monoclonal antibodies. Memory was measured with the Logical Memory test from the Uniform Data Set (UDS) of the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center. Scores were adjusted for demographic factors. Results: Linear regression analyses revealed that BMI predicted total adiponectin (b=-.06, p<.05) and LMW adiponectin (b=-.03, p<.05). Elevated levels total and LMW adiponectin significantly predicted poor immediate memory performance, but only for women (p<.05). We found no significant association with delayed verbal memory. There
were also no significant associations among adiponectin isoforms, hippocampal volume, and white matter hypodensities. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence that LMW may exert central effects and serve as an important biomarker of the aging process and cognition. This investigation also highlights an important gender difference in biomarkers of neurodegenerative disease. Further research in larger samples is needed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Phil McCabe, Bonnie Levin, Maria Llabre, Armando Mendez, Neil Schneiderman, Clinton Wright.
Subjects/Keywords: adipose tissue; adiponectin; HMW; LMW; cognition
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APA (6th Edition):
Rossetti, M. A. (2015). The Relationship among Adiponectin Isoforms, Brain Morphology, and Cognition. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1491
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rossetti, Maria Agustina. “The Relationship among Adiponectin Isoforms, Brain Morphology, and Cognition.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1491.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rossetti, Maria Agustina. “The Relationship among Adiponectin Isoforms, Brain Morphology, and Cognition.” 2015. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Rossetti MA. The Relationship among Adiponectin Isoforms, Brain Morphology, and Cognition. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2015. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1491.
Council of Science Editors:
Rossetti MA. The Relationship among Adiponectin Isoforms, Brain Morphology, and Cognition. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2015. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1491
University of Miami
16.
Henry, Sarah M.
Psychosocial Predictors of Depression and Medication Adherence in People Living with HIV.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2016, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1583
► INTRODUCTION: Depression is common in people living with HIV (PLWH) and is a primary predictor of poor adherence to HAART medications which brings serious health…
(more)
▼ INTRODUCTION: Depression is common in people living with HIV (PLWH) and is a primary predictor of poor adherence to HAART medications which brings serious health consequences. PLWH also tend to experience more stress and trauma in their lifetime, all of which have been implicated in the onset and exacerbation of depression and poor health behavior performance. Positive and negative psychosocial variables and coping strategies have been associated with psychosocial functioning and health behaviors suggesting that understanding the ways in which PLWH cope is key to understanding depression and health behavior performance within this population. Different coping techniques work differently depending on gender and more research is needed to clarify which coping strategies work best for which gender. Additionally, despite the frequency with which HIV and depression co-occur, there is little research investigating factors that predict the onset of depression in this population. Lastly, the impact of medication adherence on depression represents a gap in the literature.
OBJECTIVE: For the study detailed in this dissertation, we investigated the impact of nine different psychosocial variables and coping strategies on depressive symptoms and medication adherence. Additionally, we investigated how gender moderated these relationships. Lastly, we investigated the impact of medication adherence on depressive symptoms over time. METHODS: A total of 177 HIV positive participants were asked to fill out self-report measures assessing a variety of psychosocial factors potentially related to disease progression and quality of life with HIV. Follow-up assessments were conducted at six month intervals for 2 years. Measures included psychosocial variables (optimism, social support, coping, benefit finding, stressful life events, and perceived stress), depressive symptoms, and medication adherence. Linear regression and hierarchical linear modeling were used to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships respectively.
RESULTS: Depressive symptoms were correlated with all positive and negative psychosocial variables with the exception of benefit finding. Gender moderated the relationship between adaptive coping and depressive symptoms. Religious coping and poorer medication adherence significantly correlated with fewer depressive symptoms for men only. Optimism, social support, avoidance coping, alcohol use, and perceived stress partially mediated the relationship between negative life events and depressive symptoms. Sub-optimal adherence predicted greater depressive symptoms in men only. Alcohol use predicted greater depressive symptoms over time for women only. Positive psychosocial variables were not correlated with medication adherence. Optimism predicted better adherence while avoidance coping, perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and negative life events predicted poorer adherence. Gender moderated the relationship between negative life events and medication adherence. Negative life events significantly predicted…
Advisors/Committee Members: Gail Ironson, Neil Schneiderman, Julie Barosso, David Kling, Ray Winters, Rick Stueztle, Ph.D..
Subjects/Keywords: HIV; depression; medication adherence; predictors of depression
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APA (6th Edition):
Henry, S. M. (2016). Psychosocial Predictors of Depression and Medication Adherence in People Living with HIV. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1583
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Henry, Sarah M. “Psychosocial Predictors of Depression and Medication Adherence in People Living with HIV.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1583.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Henry, Sarah M. “Psychosocial Predictors of Depression and Medication Adherence in People Living with HIV.” 2016. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Henry SM. Psychosocial Predictors of Depression and Medication Adherence in People Living with HIV. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1583.
Council of Science Editors:
Henry SM. Psychosocial Predictors of Depression and Medication Adherence in People Living with HIV. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2016. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1583
University of Miami
17.
Shaffer, Kelly M.
Dyadic Study of Depression on Inflammation and Diurnal Cortisol Variation in Cancer Patients and Caregivers.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2016, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1674
► Both cancer patients and their informal family caregivers develop chronic diseases earlier and more frequently than those who have not been affected by cancer. Elevated…
(more)
▼ Both cancer patients and their informal family caregivers develop chronic diseases earlier and more frequently than those who have not been affected by cancer. Elevated depressive symptoms, which are easily measureable and modifiable, have been linked to inflammation, dysregulated HPA axis functioning, and physical health decline in both cancer patients and healthy persons. Further, studies have shown patients’ and caregivers’ depressive symptoms to be correlated, and that patients’ distress relates to their caregivers’ poorer health, and vice versa. While it is known that one’s own depressive symptoms are a risk factor for one’s own inflammation and HPA axis dysregulation, and patients’ depressive symptoms are a risk factor for caregivers’ depressive symptoms (and vice versa), yet unknown is to what extent patients’ depressive symptoms may serve as a risk factor for their caregivers’ inflammation and HPA axis dysregulation, and vice versa.
In this project, a dyadic biopsychosocial model accounting for interdependence between patients’ and caregivers’ psychological and physiological health was proposed to fill these gaps. Data were analyzed from 84 cancer patients and 86 caregivers (81 dyads) who participated in this study around three months following the patients’ cancer diagnosis. Participants reported depressive symptoms using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) and provided blood and saliva samples for stress biomarkers. Blood samples were analyzed to measure levels of two pro-inflammatory markers: interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP). Three saliva samples per day were taken on two consecutive days for salivary cortisol slope values. Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling (APIM) using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test study hypotheses. It was hypothesized that cancer patients and their caregivers would show positively correlated depressive symptoms and stress biomarkers, which was supported for cortisol slope values only (Unstandardized estimate = 0.001, 95% CI [0 – 0.002], p = .03). It was further hypothesized that patients’ and caregivers’ depressive symptoms would be positively associated with both their own and their partners’ stress biomarkers, after controlling for covariates of age, BMI, and sex (and patients’ cancer treatment status and stage for patients only). These hypotheses were unsupported, but ability to test these hypotheses was limited by low power. Exploratory hypotheses posited that somatic depressive symptoms would be more strongly associated with own stress biomarkers, but these hypotheses were not supported. This study remains an important first test of the dyadic biopsychosocial model of psychological and physiological health of cancer patients and their caregivers. Interdependence among patients’ and caregivers’ physiology underscores the importance of not only studying patients and caregivers as a unit, but treating these partners as a unit as well, to ensure optimal health outcomes among both patients and their families.
Advisors/Committee Members: Youngmee Kim, Michael H. Antoni, Armando Mendez, Maria M. Llabre, Neil Schneiderman.
Subjects/Keywords: family caregiver; cancer; psychoneuroimmunology; cortisol; Actor Partner Interdependence Modeling; dyadic analysis
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APA (6th Edition):
Shaffer, K. M. (2016). Dyadic Study of Depression on Inflammation and Diurnal Cortisol Variation in Cancer Patients and Caregivers. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1674
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shaffer, Kelly M. “Dyadic Study of Depression on Inflammation and Diurnal Cortisol Variation in Cancer Patients and Caregivers.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1674.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shaffer, Kelly M. “Dyadic Study of Depression on Inflammation and Diurnal Cortisol Variation in Cancer Patients and Caregivers.” 2016. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Shaffer KM. Dyadic Study of Depression on Inflammation and Diurnal Cortisol Variation in Cancer Patients and Caregivers. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1674.
Council of Science Editors:
Shaffer KM. Dyadic Study of Depression on Inflammation and Diurnal Cortisol Variation in Cancer Patients and Caregivers. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2016. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1674
University of Miami
18.
McNutt, Marcia D.
Examining Weight Gain in Treatment-Seeking African American Smokers: A Biopsychosocial Approach.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2016, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1699
► Research has shown that African Americans gain more than average weight after smoking cessation. However, few studies have examined 1) the pattern of weight gain…
(more)
▼ Research has shown that African Americans gain more than average weight after smoking cessation. However, few studies have examined 1) the pattern of weight gain and 2) factors associated with weight gain among African American smokers. The current study aimed to examine biopsychosocial predictors of weight gain in a sample of treatment-seekers. Data were drawn from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) testing the efficacy of a culturally specific cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) smoking cessation intervention among African Americans. Participants (N=342) completed assessments at baseline, the end of counseling (EOC), 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow ups. Baseline measures included salivary cortisol, depressive symptoms, and weight concern. Weight and self-reported smoking status were measured at all assessments. Random effects multilevel modeling was used to examine the pattern and predictors of weight gain over twelve months post CBT. Cross-level interactions of the biopsychosocial factors and smoking status on weight were explored. Results revealed that weight significantly increased among abstainers over twelve months post CBT. In the full sample, controlling for intervention condition and baseline obesity, smoking status positively predicted weight gain; abstinence was associated with increased weight. Exploratory analyses indicated that depressive symptoms moderated the association between smoking status and weight. In this sample, weight gain was comparable to previous post-cessation weight gain research. We found that psychosocial factors emerged as important in predicting weight gain. Future research examining predictors of weight gain in African American smokers will inform smoking cessation interventions and help elucidate factors contributing to tobacco- and obesity-related health disparities.
Advisors/Committee Members: Monica Webb Hooper, Neil Schneiderman, Michael H. Antoni, Patrice G. Saab, Dominique L. Musselman, William Wohlgemuth.
Subjects/Keywords: smoking cessation; post-cessation weight gain; health disparities; African American smokers; minority health; depressive symptoms
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APA (6th Edition):
McNutt, M. D. (2016). Examining Weight Gain in Treatment-Seeking African American Smokers: A Biopsychosocial Approach. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1699
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
McNutt, Marcia D. “Examining Weight Gain in Treatment-Seeking African American Smokers: A Biopsychosocial Approach.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1699.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
McNutt, Marcia D. “Examining Weight Gain in Treatment-Seeking African American Smokers: A Biopsychosocial Approach.” 2016. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
McNutt MD. Examining Weight Gain in Treatment-Seeking African American Smokers: A Biopsychosocial Approach. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1699.
Council of Science Editors:
McNutt MD. Examining Weight Gain in Treatment-Seeking African American Smokers: A Biopsychosocial Approach. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2016. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1699
University of Miami
19.
Fitch, Calvin J.
Effects of Psychological and Structural-Level Factors on Sexual Risk and STI Incidence in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex with Men.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2018, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2172
► Men who have sex with men (MSM) with histories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are at disproportionate risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV.…
(more)
▼ Men who have sex with men (MSM) with histories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are at disproportionate risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV. Psychological variables explain part of this; however, standing alone, they fail to account for all of the increased risk. This secondary data analysis investigates the relationship between psychological factors (PTSD and substance use), structural factors (government benefits, unstable housing and neighborhood crime), unprotected sex and STI incidence and also investigates possible moderation effects of race/ethnicity. MSM from Boston and
Miami (N= 296) were recruited for a larger RCT testing the effect of Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) adapted for sexual risk on improving PTSD symptoms and decreasing unprotected sex. Participants completed psychosocial questionnaires and clinician-administered assessments and were followed for one year. A subset of 108 participants provided information on structural barriers. Cross-sectionally, higher PTSD symptoms, crystal meth use, unstable housing, and use of government benefits at baseline were associated with a higher number of unprotected sex encounters. Higher PTSD symptomology was also associated with lower odds of incident STI for Black (OR = 0.957, p = .007, 95%CI = 0.928 – 0.988) and Latino (OR = 0.965, p = .014, 95%CI = 0.937 – 0.993) MSM only. No other evidence of racial moderation was found. Longitudinally, cocaine use at baseline predicted decreased condom use and use of government benefits predicted increased condom use. Though underpowered in some structural variable tests, the study provides plausible intervention targets for a population at high risk for HIV infection whose risk reduction needs have been challenging to address. Future work should continue to address mechanisms for the effects found here, particularly those which are structural in nature. This work might also investigate other theoretically-guided variables and their relation to structural barriers and unprotected sex.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gail Ironson, Steven Safren, Adam Carrico, Neil Schneiderman, Allan Rodriguez, Conall O'Cleirigh.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV; Structural; PTSD; Substance Use
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APA (6th Edition):
Fitch, C. J. (2018). Effects of Psychological and Structural-Level Factors on Sexual Risk and STI Incidence in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex with Men. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2172
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fitch, Calvin J. “Effects of Psychological and Structural-Level Factors on Sexual Risk and STI Incidence in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex with Men.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2172.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fitch, Calvin J. “Effects of Psychological and Structural-Level Factors on Sexual Risk and STI Incidence in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex with Men.” 2018. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Fitch CJ. Effects of Psychological and Structural-Level Factors on Sexual Risk and STI Incidence in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex with Men. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2018. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2172.
Council of Science Editors:
Fitch CJ. Effects of Psychological and Structural-Level Factors on Sexual Risk and STI Incidence in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex with Men. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2018. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2172
University of Miami
20.
Brintz, Carrie E.
Sedentary Behavior Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk and Depressive Symptoms in Overweight/Obese Type 2 Diabetics: Results from the CALM-D Trial.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2016, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1696
► Increased sedentary behavior has detrimental associations with cardiometabolic risk factors and depression, and has been associated with greater risk for cardiovascular disease and type…
(more)
▼ Increased sedentary behavior has detrimental associations with cardiometabolic risk factors and depression, and has been associated with greater risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), independent of engagement in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). There are limited studies of sedentary behavior in patients who already have T2DM. The aims of the study were to determine (1) whether a latent factor including self-reported daily sedentary time and daily average number of pedometer steps was associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and depressive symptoms in overweight/obese T2DM patients, and (2) whether a multi-component lifestyle intervention was successful at reducing sedentary time compared with standard care in overweight T2DM patients with significant depressive symptoms. A sample of 298 T2DM patients was recruited from
Miami-area community health centers and by word-of-mouth. Participants were eligible if they were overweight/obese, had confirmed T2DM, and no evidence of CVD or renal disease. A medical history, psychosocial/behavioral measures, blood test, and pedometer data were collected. Sedentary time was self-reported with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). A subset of 111 participants with Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) total scores >11 were randomized to receive either standard care or a 12-month, 17-session lifestyle intervention, and follow-up assessments were conducted 6 months and 12 months after baseline. At baseline, structural regressions indicated that a sedentary behavior factor was significantly, positively associated with waist circumference (b = 4.47, p = .046), adjusting for age and gender, but not when further adjusting for moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The sedentary behavior factor was significantly, positively associated with a composite cardiometabolic risk score (b = .34, p = .049), adjusting for age, gender, medication use and MVPA. It was not significantly associated with body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, or scores on the BDI-II. If correcting p-values for multiple comparisons, no associations were significant at p < .05. Structural regressions using latent growth modeling showed significant reductions in minutes/day of sedentary time on the GPAQ in the intervention group compared with standard care (b = -6.54, p = .012). Intervention participants decreased their sedentary time by an average of 5.15 minutes/month over 12 months (p = .011), whereas control participants increased their sedentary time by an average of 1.39 minutes/month (p = .492). This study found evidence of associations between sedentary time and measures of adiposity and composite cardiometabolic risk in overweight T2DM patients, but no associations with other selected cardiometabolic risk factors or depressive symptoms. It found that a lifestyle intervention successfully reduced self-reported sedentary time in overweight T2DM patients with depressive symptoms. Future studies should focus on the reliable measurement of sedentary time in T2DM…
Advisors/Committee Members: Maria M. Llabre, Neil Schneiderman, Marc D. Gellman, Ronald B. Goldberg, Armando Mendez.
Subjects/Keywords: sedentary behavior; type 2 diabetes; cardiometabolic health; lifestyle intervention
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APA (6th Edition):
Brintz, C. E. (2016). Sedentary Behavior Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk and Depressive Symptoms in Overweight/Obese Type 2 Diabetics: Results from the CALM-D Trial. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1696
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Brintz, Carrie E. “Sedentary Behavior Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk and Depressive Symptoms in Overweight/Obese Type 2 Diabetics: Results from the CALM-D Trial.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1696.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Brintz, Carrie E. “Sedentary Behavior Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk and Depressive Symptoms in Overweight/Obese Type 2 Diabetics: Results from the CALM-D Trial.” 2016. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Brintz CE. Sedentary Behavior Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk and Depressive Symptoms in Overweight/Obese Type 2 Diabetics: Results from the CALM-D Trial. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1696.
Council of Science Editors:
Brintz CE. Sedentary Behavior Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk and Depressive Symptoms in Overweight/Obese Type 2 Diabetics: Results from the CALM-D Trial. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2016. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1696
21.
Bira, Lindsay M.
Brief Psychological Intervention for Acute Posttraumatic Stress: Individual and Trauma Factors Affecting Recovery in Low-SES Minorities.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2014, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1273
► Low-SES minorities in urban areas experience higher rates of trauma and greater need for treatment than the general population. Individual and trauma factors may determine…
(more)
▼ Low-SES minorities in urban areas experience higher rates of trauma and greater need for treatment than the general population. Individual and trauma factors may determine who benefits most from treatment. Brief intervention and group format may be particularly helpful to fully utilize minimal resources and maximize treatment gain. This study is part of a larger NIH-funded study. We worked in an underserved area with recently traumatized individuals to compare Psychological First Aid (PFA: group format, control), Stress Management Therapy (SMT: group format, trauma-writing component)and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR: individual format) to determine the impact of the interventions and whether certain interventions are better for certain types of people and trauma. 87 low-SES, minority participants were randomized to receive 4 active sessions of PFA, SMT or EMDR (31, 29, 27 participants in each group, respectively). Follow-up assessments were conducted at 1-, 3- and 6-months post-intervention. Outcome measures: PTSD, depressive, physical symptoms. Individual factors: PTSD severity, gender, substance abuse, childhood trauma, borderline personality disorder. Trauma factors: trauma types. HLM statistical methods were used. For the entire sample, EMDR worked best for reducing depressive symptoms, PFA for reducing PTSD symptoms, and SMT for reducing physical symptoms. Within group, EMDR worked best for those high in baseline PTSD and those endorsing borderline personality characteristics. SMT worked best for those who reported using marijuana and those with bereavement trauma. PFA worked best for individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse and those with a violent trauma. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gail Ironson, Neil Schneiderman, Rick Stuetzle, Blanche Freund, Kent Burnett.
Subjects/Keywords: trauma; PTSD; minorities; brief treatment; EMDR; psychotherapy
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APA (6th Edition):
Bira, L. M. (2014). Brief Psychological Intervention for Acute Posttraumatic Stress: Individual and Trauma Factors Affecting Recovery in Low-SES Minorities. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1273
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bira, Lindsay M. “Brief Psychological Intervention for Acute Posttraumatic Stress: Individual and Trauma Factors Affecting Recovery in Low-SES Minorities.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1273.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bira, Lindsay M. “Brief Psychological Intervention for Acute Posttraumatic Stress: Individual and Trauma Factors Affecting Recovery in Low-SES Minorities.” 2014. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Bira LM. Brief Psychological Intervention for Acute Posttraumatic Stress: Individual and Trauma Factors Affecting Recovery in Low-SES Minorities. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2014. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1273.
Council of Science Editors:
Bira LM. Brief Psychological Intervention for Acute Posttraumatic Stress: Individual and Trauma Factors Affecting Recovery in Low-SES Minorities. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2014. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1273
22.
Brooks, Lawrence G.
Adipose Tissue Cytokines: Effects of Social Condition.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2009, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/428
► Social support has been demonstrated to reduce cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality; however, the mechanisms by which social support reduces disease progression are still…
(more)
▼ Social support has been demonstrated to reduce cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality; however, the mechanisms by which social support reduces disease progression are still unclear. Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide commonly associated with positive social interactions. This series of studies investigated the ability of oxytocin to attenuate atherosclerosis and its putative mediators, pro-inflammatory cytokines. Oxytocin receptors were identified by Western Blot on rat adipose tissue and rat adipocytes. OT receptor mRNA was identified in human adipocyte cDNA. In primary culture of rat abdominal adipocytes, oxytocin (10 pM) decreased LPS-induced IL-6 release by 24.9% after a six hour incubation. Adipose tissue, surgically dissected from ApoE-/- mice chronically infused with OT, secreted less IL-6 than mice infused with a vehicle control. In sum, the presence of OT receptors was demonstrated on adipocytes, OT was shown to reduce IL-6 release in vitro, and chronic OT infusion decreased IL-6 release in adipose explants immediately after sacrifice. Potential mechanisms by which adipose tissue's role in the sympathetic nervous system response may affect inflammation, metabolism, and disease are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Philip McCabe, Julia Zaias, Edward Green, Neil Schneiderman, Armando Mendez.
Subjects/Keywords: Social Support; Oxytocin; Adipocyte
…Animal Care and Use Committee of the
University of Miami. The rats were housed individually and… …Care and Use Committee of
the University of Miami. Behavior and weight were measured each…
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APA (6th Edition):
Brooks, L. G. (2009). Adipose Tissue Cytokines: Effects of Social Condition. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/428
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Brooks, Lawrence G. “Adipose Tissue Cytokines: Effects of Social Condition.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/428.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Brooks, Lawrence G. “Adipose Tissue Cytokines: Effects of Social Condition.” 2009. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Brooks LG. Adipose Tissue Cytokines: Effects of Social Condition. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2009. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/428.
Council of Science Editors:
Brooks LG. Adipose Tissue Cytokines: Effects of Social Condition. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2009. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/428
23.
Wachowiak, Paul Stephen.
Relationships among Cynical Hostility, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiac Structure and Function in Multi-Ethnic Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Structural Modeling Approach.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2009, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/291
► BACKGROUND: Risk factors associated with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) have been implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development and outcomes. Few studies have investigated relationships between…
(more)
▼ BACKGROUND: Risk factors associated with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) have been implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development and outcomes. Few studies have investigated relationships between psychological variables, MetS factors, and indices of cardiac structure and function (CSF) among healthy individuals in a single conceptual model. No studies to date have analyzed such relationships in patients with CVD. METHODS: The present study examined associations between cynical hostility (CynHo), MetS factors, and CSF in 186 multi-ethnic post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Structural equation modeling was used to test a theory driven model of MetS that had good statistical fit. Primary MetS variables included waist circumference (WC), the homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glucose area under the curve (G-AUC), triglycerides (TRIG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and diastolic blood pressures (DBP). Secondary MetS variables included plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and a latent inflammation variable comprised of CRP and IL-6. Cardiac function variables were fractional shortening (FS), E/A ratio, and rate-pressure product (RPP). A latent cardiac mass (CM) variable was also created. RESULTS: The final structural model had good model fit (Chi-Square(102)=100.65, p=0.52, CFI=1.00, RMSEA=0.00, and SRMR=0.04). Direct paths were supported between WC and CM and all MetS factors except TRIG and G-AUC. WC was indirectly associated with DBP via CM. The model supported positive direct paths between HOMA-IR and G-AUC, TRIG, and PAI-1, but not inflammation or HDL-C. HOMA-IR demonstrated a direct positive association with RPP and direct inverse associations with FS and E/A ratio. No direct paths were supported between other MetS variables except one between TRIG and HDL-C. CynHo demonstrated a direct positive relationship with HOMA-IR. CONCLUSIONS: Similar to findings in healthy individuals, central adiposity and IR play primary roles in CSF impairment in post-MI patients. Findings suggest that CynHo could promote the progression of metabolic dysfunction and cardiac disease via factors that influence the efficiency of glucose metabolism. Interventions for post-MI patients should take into account both direct and indirect effects of CynHo, central adiposity, and IR on the progression of CVD in this population to reduce adverse outcomes and improve quality of life.
Advisors/Committee Members: Neil Schneiderman, Maria Llabre, Matthias Siemer, Marc Gellman, Ronald Goldberg.
Subjects/Keywords: Hyperinsulinemia; Hyperglycemia; Glucose; Central Adiposity; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Dyslipidemia; Diabetes; Coronary Heart Disease; Insulin Resistance
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APA (6th Edition):
Wachowiak, P. S. (2009). Relationships among Cynical Hostility, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiac Structure and Function in Multi-Ethnic Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Structural Modeling Approach. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/291
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wachowiak, Paul Stephen. “Relationships among Cynical Hostility, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiac Structure and Function in Multi-Ethnic Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Structural Modeling Approach.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/291.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wachowiak, Paul Stephen. “Relationships among Cynical Hostility, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiac Structure and Function in Multi-Ethnic Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Structural Modeling Approach.” 2009. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Wachowiak PS. Relationships among Cynical Hostility, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiac Structure and Function in Multi-Ethnic Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Structural Modeling Approach. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2009. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/291.
Council of Science Editors:
Wachowiak PS. Relationships among Cynical Hostility, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiac Structure and Function in Multi-Ethnic Post-Myocardial Infarction Patients: A Structural Modeling Approach. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2009. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/291
24.
Moncrieft, Ashley E.
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention for Primary Prevention of Renal Decline in Type 2 Diabetics.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2013, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1077
► Reduced glomerular filtration rate and increased albuminuria often develop in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and are predictive of chronic kidney and cardiovascular disease. Risk…
(more)
▼ Reduced glomerular filtration rate and increased albuminuria often develop in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and are predictive of chronic kidney and cardiovascular disease. Risk for renal disease in T2DM has been associated with cardiometabolic risk factors including, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Weight loss is associated with improved outcomes in T2DM patients with existing renal disease and may also reduce risk in patients without renal disease via reduction of cardiometabolic risk factors. The aims of this study were (1) to examine the effects of a behavioral weight loss intervention on renal outcomes in T2DM patients without evidence of renal disease, and (2) to determine if change in renal outcomes is related to key demographic and cardiometabolic risk factors. A sample of 111 T2DM patients (mean age = 54.81 years, 28.8% male) was recruited from community health clinics and by "word-of-mouth" and randomized to receive a 17-session lifestyle intervention or usual care (control). Eligible participants were overweight or obese, reported significant symptoms of depression, and had no evidence of existing renal or cardiovascular disease at screening. Demographic, psychosocial, anthropometric, blood and urine measures were collected at baseline and repeated at 6-months and 12-months post randomization. Primary outcomes included weight, depressive symptoms, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRCR), cystatin c and creatinine-based eGFRCY-CR, (estimated using Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formulas), and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR). Relative to usual care, the intervention resulted in significant increases in eGFRCY-CR (B= .331, SE = .142, p < .05), as well as significant decreases in weight (B = -.320, SE = .125, p < .01), depressed affect (B = -.993, SE = .228, p < .001), and HbA1c (B = -.068, SE = .030, p < .05). There was no effect of intervention on eGFRCR (B = -.146, SE = .119, p = .219) or UACR (B = .228, SE = .336, p = .497). The model estimated normative change in eGFRCY-CR was significant (B = .468, SE = .200, p < .05) and non-linear, indicating a change in direction of the slope after 6 months and an overall decline. Normative change in eGFRCR was not significant, (B= -.146, SE = .119, p > .05). Independent predictors of rate of change in eGFRCR were UACR, systolic blood pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and eGFR at baseline. The intervention effect on eGFR was related to UACR and HDL-C, HbA1C and triglycerides at baseline. UACR increased among all participants (B= .460, SE = .163, p < .05), and was related to UACR at baseline. Additional cardiometabolic risk factors were not related to change in UACR. Behavioral weight loss strategies may be implemented to preserve renal function among T2DM patients and prevent or delay the onset of renal disease in this population. Such strategies may be particularly effective for patients with dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, and less effective…
Advisors/Committee Members: Maria M. Llabre, Neil Schneiderman, Ronald Goldberg, Marc Gellman, Armando Mendez.
Subjects/Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes; weight loss intervention; diabetic nephropathy; randomized controlled trial
…the University of Miami Human Subjects Research Office, Institutional Review Board,
Medical…
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APA (6th Edition):
Moncrieft, A. E. (2013). Randomized Controlled Trial of a Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention for Primary Prevention of Renal Decline in Type 2 Diabetics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1077
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Moncrieft, Ashley E. “Randomized Controlled Trial of a Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention for Primary Prevention of Renal Decline in Type 2 Diabetics.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1077.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Moncrieft, Ashley E. “Randomized Controlled Trial of a Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention for Primary Prevention of Renal Decline in Type 2 Diabetics.” 2013. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Moncrieft AE. Randomized Controlled Trial of a Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention for Primary Prevention of Renal Decline in Type 2 Diabetics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2013. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1077.
Council of Science Editors:
Moncrieft AE. Randomized Controlled Trial of a Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention for Primary Prevention of Renal Decline in Type 2 Diabetics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2013. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1077
25.
Seay, Julia S.
Characterizing HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder in Two Underserved Sociodemographic Groups.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2015, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1371
► The purpose of this project is to characterize neurocognitive functioning and correlates of neurocognitive functioning, as well as to examine the diagnostic accuracy of relatively…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this project is to characterize neurocognitive functioning and correlates of neurocognitive functioning, as well as to examine the diagnostic accuracy of relatively promising neurocognitive tests in two underserved sociodemographic groups living with HIV: monolingual Spanish-speaking Hispanics and English-speaking African-Americans, in order to better understand HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) within these groups. Examining HAND in underserved groups is paramount to the development of effective HAND screening and treatment algorithms in clinics that serve these groups, such as the AIDS Clinical Research Unit (ACRU) at the
University of
Miami. The current project was drawn from an initiative to develop a HAND screening algorithm for this clinic, such that patients with milder forms of HAND can be identified. The current study examined the performance of convenience samples of English-speaking African-Americans (n = 38) and monolingual Spanish-speaking Hispanics (n = 50) on a variety of easy-to-use, sensitive neurocognitive tests we previously collected at the ACRU: Grooved Pegboard (GP), Trail Making Test (TMT), Action Fluency (AF), and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R). I used these tests and medical chart review to classify HAND via the 2007 Frascati diagnostic criteria, the most up-to-date criteria for classifying HAND. Furthermore, I examined the association between an array of psychosocial, medical, and behavioral factors and HAND classification, which may aid in informing HAND screening and testing algorithms. Finally, I also examined the sensitivity and specificity of promising measures, Action Fluency (which tests the ability to generate novel verbs) and Trail Making Test, in detecting HAND, in order to elucidate whether these free and easy-to-administer measures should be added to screening batteries to detect HAND within these groups. Using logistic regression analyses, I analyzed associations between medical, behavioral, and psychosocial correlates and HAND. Perceived stress and poorer sleep quality were found to be at least marginally associated with increased odds of HAND, while social support from friends was found to be associated with decreased odds of HAND. Using HAND diagnosis via GP, HVLT-R, and medical chart review as the gold standard, I calculated the sensitivity and specificity of the AF and TMT, as well as performed ROC analyses to evaluate the overall diagnostic accuracy of these measures. Both the AF and TMT measure did not demonstrate adequate sensitivity (> 70%) in detecting HAND in the overall sample, as well as within each of the sociodemographically distinct groups. Furthermore, the AF and TMT demonstrated poor AUC estimates (> .70), indicating poor overall diagnostic accuracy. Though the sample size was limited, results indicate that psychosocial factors such as stress, sleep quality, and social support from specific sources may aid in identifying individuals at risk for or living with HAND. These results also indicated poor…
Advisors/Committee Members: Michael H. Antoni, Gail Ironson, Neil Schneiderman, Dominique Musselman, Erin Kobetz-Kerman, Hector Bolivar.
Subjects/Keywords: HIV; Neurocognitive; Hispanic; African-American; Underserved
…University of Miami
AIDS Clinical Research Unit, serving primarily minority groups in Miami… …HIV from the
AIDS Clinical Research Unit (ACRU) at the University of Miami. Among…
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APA (6th Edition):
Seay, J. S. (2015). Characterizing HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder in Two Underserved Sociodemographic Groups. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1371
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Seay, Julia S. “Characterizing HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder in Two Underserved Sociodemographic Groups.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1371.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Seay, Julia S. “Characterizing HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder in Two Underserved Sociodemographic Groups.” 2015. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Seay JS. Characterizing HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder in Two Underserved Sociodemographic Groups. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2015. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1371.
Council of Science Editors:
Seay JS. Characterizing HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder in Two Underserved Sociodemographic Groups. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2015. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/1371
26.
Garcia, Karin A.
Sleep Duration, Postprandial Metabolic Function, and the Role of Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Individuals.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2018, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2235
► The influence of sleep duration on metabolic pathogenic pathways associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus are not well understood but may be operational long…
(more)
▼ The influence of sleep duration on metabolic pathogenic pathways associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus are not well understood but may be operational long before the development of clinical diabetes or even prediabetes is detected. This study was designed to examine in preclinical nondiabetic adults whether the association of insulin sensitivity and postprandial metabolic function is moderated by sleep duration. The sample was comprised of 143 individuals (65% men), aged 18–55 years, who had no diabetes or other diagnosed conditions. Metabolic function outcomes were assessed in response to an OGTT, and two 14-h serial mixed carbohydrate-meal tests administered, over 3 successive in-patient days; the carbohydrate content of the mixed-meals was manipulated to compare a standard-load day with a double-load day (300 vs. 600 kcal/ meal). Sleep duration over 1-week was derived using actigraphy. Quantitative modeling was applied to derive total postprandial insulinemia (AUCINS), total postprandial glycemia (AUCGLU), β-cell glucose sensitivity (β-GS), early insulin secretion rate sensitivity (ESRS), and potentiation ratio (POT). Study findings indicated that the relationship between insulin sensitivity and postprandial insulin response following a carbohydrate load depended on sleep duration, even after controlling for relevant covariates. Specifically, with more insulin resistance and shorter sleep duration, more elevated postprandial insulin secretion was observed to the double carbohydrate load condition. These findings reflect a compensatory adaptation of postprandial insulin metabolism in insulin resistance that is heightened with shorter sleep duration. Although there was no moderation of the association of insulin sensitivity with AUCGLU and ESRS by sleep duration, moderation was observed for β-GS and POT. However, the pattern of these relationships suggest that these metabolic parameters do not account for the moderation of the association of insulin sensitivity and postprandial insulinemia by sleep duration. Thus, some mechanism other than that measured in this study is responsible for the differences in insulin metabolic response to high carbohydrate loading in these individuals. Further studies are necessary to delineate whether there are alterations in some aspect of sleep function or architecture beyond sleep duration that may mediate the heightened insulin secretion response to high carbohydrate loading in insulin resistant individuals.
Advisors/Committee Members: Barry Hurwitz, William K. Wohlgemuth, Neil Schneiderman, Ronald Goldberg, Armando J. Mendez.
Subjects/Keywords: Sleep; metabolism; insulin resistance; T2DM; postprandial
…Review Board of the University of Miami and informed consent was obtained prior to
inclusion…
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APA (6th Edition):
Garcia, K. A. (2018). Sleep Duration, Postprandial Metabolic Function, and the Role of Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Individuals. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2235
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Garcia, Karin A. “Sleep Duration, Postprandial Metabolic Function, and the Role of Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Individuals.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2235.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Garcia, Karin A. “Sleep Duration, Postprandial Metabolic Function, and the Role of Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Individuals.” 2018. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Garcia KA. Sleep Duration, Postprandial Metabolic Function, and the Role of Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Individuals. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2018. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2235.
Council of Science Editors:
Garcia KA. Sleep Duration, Postprandial Metabolic Function, and the Role of Insulin Resistance in Nondiabetic Individuals. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2018. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/2235
27.
Lin, Hsin-hua.
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Depressive Symptoms and Treatment Effect among Patients with Myocardial Infarction from the Enhancing Recovery In Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Trial.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2012, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/776
► This study examined racial/ethnic group differences in depressive symptoms and treatment effect in a diverse clinical sample of post myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Specific…
(more)
▼ This study examined racial/ethnic group differences in depressive symptoms and treatment effect in a diverse clinical sample of post myocardial infarction (MI) patients. Specific aims were to test group measurement equivalence of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) across non-Hispanic Blacks, non-Hispanic Whites, and Hispanic cardiac patients and to test stability of a BDI measurement model over time from baseline to six-months post-treatment both in the treatment and the usual care groups. The participants included 2370 diverse post-MI patients (467 non-Hispanic Blacks, 1647 non-Hispanic Whites, and 256 Hispanics), a subgroup of the participants who were clinically depressed and/or socially isolated from the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) trial. Depression was measured using the BDI at baseline and six-months post-treatment. A between-group analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the baseline BDI total scores, a series of confirmatory factor analysis of the BDI items, and structural equation modeling of treatment effect on depressive symptoms were conducted to investigate the study aims. Gender, baseline depression levels, baseline antidepressant medication use, education, income, and employment were included as covariates in the model testing for racial/ethnic differences in baseline depression levels and treatment effect on depression symptoms. Findings suggested that racial/ethnic cardiac patients exhibited different cognitive yet similar somatic depression symptoms and that treatment effect on the reduction of depressive symptoms were comparable across racial/ethnic groups. It is essential to distinguish cognitive and somatic depression symptoms among cardiac patients and to develop intervention programs targeted on specific subtypes of depression for treatment. Future investigations should consider the predictive validity and relevance of the BDI subscales with respect to underlying symptoms, treatment aims, and clinical outcomes among cardiac patients and other clinical populations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maria M. Llabre, Neil Schneiderman, Marc Gellman, Judith R. McCalla, Guillermo Prado.
Subjects/Keywords: ENRICHD; Beck Depression Inventory; Heart Disease; Ethnicity; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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APA (6th Edition):
Lin, H. (2012). Racial/Ethnic Differences in Depressive Symptoms and Treatment Effect among Patients with Myocardial Infarction from the Enhancing Recovery In Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Trial. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/776
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lin, Hsin-hua. “Racial/Ethnic Differences in Depressive Symptoms and Treatment Effect among Patients with Myocardial Infarction from the Enhancing Recovery In Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Trial.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/776.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lin, Hsin-hua. “Racial/Ethnic Differences in Depressive Symptoms and Treatment Effect among Patients with Myocardial Infarction from the Enhancing Recovery In Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Trial.” 2012. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Lin H. Racial/Ethnic Differences in Depressive Symptoms and Treatment Effect among Patients with Myocardial Infarction from the Enhancing Recovery In Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Trial. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2012. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/776.
Council of Science Editors:
Lin H. Racial/Ethnic Differences in Depressive Symptoms and Treatment Effect among Patients with Myocardial Infarction from the Enhancing Recovery In Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Trial. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2012. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/776
28.
Birnbaum-Weitzman, Orit.
CBSM Effects on Sickness Behavior and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Mechanisms in Breast Cancer Survivors.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2009, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/297
► The concept of sickness behavior offers a framework to view both the neurovegetative and psychological symptoms that accompany illness as a common entity that…
(more)
▼ The concept of sickness behavior offers a framework to view both the neurovegetative and psychological symptoms that accompany illness as a common entity that results from increased inflammatory activation. Despite the prevalence of sickness behavior in medical populations, to our knowledge this study provides the first attempt to develop a standardized measure to assess sickness behavior using standard self-report questionnaires commonly used with cancer patients. The set of items included in the measure match theoretical conceptualizations of sickness behavior and target symptoms that comprise anhedonia, depressed mood, cognitive dysfunction, social disinterest, fatigue, low libido, poor appetite, somnolence, sensitivity to pain, and malaise. The measure showed high internal consistency, adequate test-retest reliability, and good convergent validity with both psychological and biological correlates. A confirmatory factor analysis also determined that a two-factor, rather than a single-factor measurement model, encompassing a physical and a psychological sickness symptom dimension, accounted for sickness behavior. Future psychometric work is still needed to further validate this new practical assessment tool. Descriptive analyses revealed relatively low levels of sickness behavior symptoms in the sample as a whole with both physical and psychological sickness behavior symptoms exhibiting a significant linear decrease over time. As expected, both physical and psychological sickness behavior symptoms showed associations with two pro-inflammatory cytokine markers, IL6 and TNF-alpha and a neuroendocrine marker, cortisol. Longitudinal associations suggest that higher levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha may impact the progressive decline of physical sickness symptoms over time with symptoms taking longer to disappear. Because cortisol was associated with more rather than less physical sickness symptoms, results raise the question of whether the anti-inflammatory neuroendocrine activity may be dysregulated in breast cancer survivors. The mechanistic basis for these associations requires further examination. In this study it was also evaluated whether a cognitive behavioral stress management intervention and relaxation training intervention could reduce sickness symptoms over time. Breast cancer survivors were assessed at baseline and then randomly assigned to a 10-week cognitive behavioral stress management intervention (N = 70) or a 1-day control condition (N = 55). Psychosocial measures, urine, and blood were obtained from participants at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months post-intervention to assess relevant behavioral, endocrine and immune variables. Relative to the control group, the experimental group showed marginally more prevalence of physical sickness behavior symptoms in the short term (post-intervention, 3-months; p = .08) and a steadier decline of symptoms in the long-term (15-month follow-up period). The adaptive nature of sickness behavior as a motivational strategy that helps restore…
Advisors/Committee Members: Gail H. Ironson, Michael H. Antoni, Neil Schneiderman, Maria M. Llabre, Mahendra Kumar.
Subjects/Keywords: Breast Cancer Survivors; Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines; Sickness Behavior; CBSM
…room either at the University of Miami Coral Gables Campus or in Broward’s
Plantation General… …working hours. Specimens were processed and assayed
at the University of Miami, Department of… …psychiatric treatment and previous participation in this
study or similar study at the University of… …Miami. Other information such as diagnosis
date, staging at time of diagnosis, nodal…
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APA (6th Edition):
Birnbaum-Weitzman, O. (2009). CBSM Effects on Sickness Behavior and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Mechanisms in Breast Cancer Survivors. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/297
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Birnbaum-Weitzman, Orit. “CBSM Effects on Sickness Behavior and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Mechanisms in Breast Cancer Survivors.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/297.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Birnbaum-Weitzman, Orit. “CBSM Effects on Sickness Behavior and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Mechanisms in Breast Cancer Survivors.” 2009. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Birnbaum-Weitzman O. CBSM Effects on Sickness Behavior and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Mechanisms in Breast Cancer Survivors. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2009. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/297.
Council of Science Editors:
Birnbaum-Weitzman O. CBSM Effects on Sickness Behavior and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Mechanisms in Breast Cancer Survivors. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2009. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/297
29.
Nation, Daniel Addison.
The Oxytocinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway in Atherosclerosis.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2009, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/268
► Background. Social deprivation or isolation accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in several animal models of the disease. Conversely, stable social environment has been associated…
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▼ Background. Social deprivation or isolation accelerates the progression of atherosclerosis in several animal models of the disease. Conversely, stable social environment has been associated with reduction in the extent and severity of atherosclerosis. While positive social interactions are thought to be related to this protective effect, little is known about the physiological mechanisms responsible. Recently, the neurohypophyseal peptide, oxytocin (OT), has been found to play a role in both positive social interactions and cardiovascular homeostasis, suggesting that this neuropeptide may be responsible for mediating the beneficial effects of positive social environment on atherosclerosis. The first aim of the current study is to examine the potential anti-inflammatory effects of OT on in vitro cellular models involved in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. The second aim is to examine whether long-term administration of OT slows the progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-/- mice. The third aim is to obtain evidence in vivo that OT is impacting disease through novel anti-inflammatory effects on tissues important in atherogenesis. Methods. 1) Human macrophage-like (DTHP-1) cells and human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharde (LPS) alone, and in the presence of different concentrations of OT, and IL-6 secretion was measured. 2) ApoE-/- mice were socially isolated at 12 weeks of age and continuously infused with OT (n=24) or vehicle (n=21) from subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipumps for 12 weeks. Plasma levels of lipids, adiponectin, insulin, and CRP were assessed pre- and post-treatment. Extent of aortic atherosclerosis (percent lesion area) was assessed post-treatment and areas of high lesion prevalence were compared between OT and vehicle (VH) control groups. Constitutive release of IL-6 from ex vivo adipose tissue samples taken from a subset (n=12/group) was compared between treatment groups. Results. 1) OT demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 secretion from macrophages (35-55%, p < 0.01) and aortic endothelial cells (15-25%, p < 0.01). 2) ApoE-/- mice continuously infused with OT displayed decreased plasma CRP levels after 6 weeks of treatment and diminished lesion area at the thoracic aorta after 12 weeks of treatment relative to vehicle control animals (37%, p < 0.05). Additionally, adipose tissue samples taken from OT infused mice showed decreased constitutive release of IL-6 (30%, p < 0.01). These findings were unrelated to changes in plasma lipids, insulin, physical activity levels, or 24-hour corticosterone secretion. Discussion and Conclusions. These findings demonstrate that OT is capable of inhibiting stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine production in macrophages and aortic endothelial cells in vitro, and constitutive release from adipose tissue in vivo. OT also decreased circulating CRP levels and slowed the progression of early stage atherosclerosis in an aortic region of high lesion prevalence in socially isolated apoE-/- mice. Taken…
Advisors/Committee Members: Philip M. McCabe, Neil Schneiderman, Edward Green, Julia Zaias, Armando Mendez.
Subjects/Keywords: Oxytocin; Atherosclerosis; Social Isolation
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APA (6th Edition):
Nation, D. A. (2009). The Oxytocinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway in Atherosclerosis. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/268
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nation, Daniel Addison. “The Oxytocinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway in Atherosclerosis.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/268.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nation, Daniel Addison. “The Oxytocinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway in Atherosclerosis.” 2009. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Nation DA. The Oxytocinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway in Atherosclerosis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Miami; 2009. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/268.
Council of Science Editors:
Nation DA. The Oxytocinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway in Atherosclerosis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Miami; 2009. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/268
University of Miami
30.
Countryman, Amanda.
Cardiovascular Reactivity and the Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents.
Degree: MS, Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2008, University of Miami
URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/169
► The association between cardiovascular reactivity and the metabolic syndrome, as well as individual metabolic syndrome criterion variables, was investigated in adolescents. Cardiovascular reactivity has…
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▼ The association between cardiovascular reactivity and the metabolic syndrome, as well as individual metabolic syndrome criterion variables, was investigated in adolescents. Cardiovascular reactivity has been examined as a risk marker or factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension or cardiovascular disease, but few studies have looked at its relationship with the metabolic syndrome. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) cardiovascular reactivity to three tasks, evaluated speaking, mirror star tracing, and cold pressor, were assessed in 148 adolescents. Using the American Heart Association (AHA) adult definitional criteria, individuals were classified into metabolic syndrome groups (presence vs. absence of metabolic syndrome), and 16% of individuals met criteria for the metabolic syndrome. In logistic regression analyses, the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome was negatively associated with HR reactivity to the cold pressor (OR = 0.920, 95% CI = 0.873, 0.969), and positively associated with diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reactivity to the star tracing task (OR = 1.089, 95% CI = 1.008, 1.177). Results of multiple regression analyses that included individual metabolic syndrome risk variables indicated that cold pressor reactivity explained 7% of the variance in casual BP, while star tracing reactivity accounted for 7% of the variance waist circumference and 6% of the variance triglycerides (ps < .05). The findings indicate that cardiovascular reactivity to physical or behavioral challenge is associated with the metabolic syndrome in a sample of adolescents. Cardiovascular reactivity may be an important clinical tool for identifying individuals at risk of the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease.
Advisors/Committee Members: Patrice Saab, Neil Schneiderman, Alan Delamater.
Subjects/Keywords: Cardiovascular Reactivity; Metabolic Syndrome; Adolescents
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Record Details
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APA ·
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CSE |
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Countryman, A. (2008). Cardiovascular Reactivity and the Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents. (Thesis). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/169
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Countryman, Amanda. “Cardiovascular Reactivity and the Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents.” 2008. Thesis, University of Miami. Accessed November 18, 2019.
https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/169.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Countryman, Amanda. “Cardiovascular Reactivity and the Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents.” 2008. Web. 18 Nov 2019.
Vancouver:
Countryman A. Cardiovascular Reactivity and the Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2008. [cited 2019 Nov 18].
Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/169.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Countryman A. Cardiovascular Reactivity and the Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents. [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2008. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/169
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
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