+publisher:"University of Manchester" +contributor:("RUSSELL, ANDREW AT")

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University of Manchester

1. Hood, Stephen Andrew. Rawlsian Justice and Labour Markets in Nonideal Circumstances.

Degree: 2014, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:220201

► Markets have come to form one of the most important of all social institutions. In attempting to evaluate the functioning of markets, a significant issue… (more)

▼ Markets have come to form one of the most important of all social institutions. In attempting to evaluate the functioning of markets, a significant issue is of the extent to which their justification as an ideal is also capable of providing support for their actual ongoing functioning. In this way, the assessment of market interaction seems to face one of the prominent themes of contemporary political philosophy: what value can be derived from theoretical endeavours that function at a high level of generality and abstraction when it comes to providing guidance within the messy reality of social life? Or, more briefly, how useful is ideal theory within nonideal circumstances?This thesis proceeds, via a specific focus upon labour markets informed by the Rawlsian ideal of justice as fairness, to give a response to the above question. It rejects strong critiques of ideal theory, arguing that theoretical ideals remain able to provide direction to social reform, as they help to define the goals that such reform ought to aim for. However, the thesis argues that additional work may be required to supplement an abstract ideal, if guidance is required about specific elements of social life in nonideal circumstances. Via a focus upon moral psychology, it argues that theorists must attempt to understand why people subscribe to particular practices and what may be of value within them that efforts at reform may want to preserve.In specific relation to labour markets, the thesis develops an understanding of both the gains and threats that accompany their operation. It draws particular attention to recent developments within productive processes that have seen a move towards greater flexibility in working practices. The thesis argues that, from a Rawlsian perspective, there are good reasons to endorse some measure of market activity. However, as this endorsement remains conditional upon the fairness of background conditions, the thesis also demonstrates how efforts and reform may best proceed where these background requirements are absent. By demonstrating what is of value within labour market processes, it offers an outline of a range potential reforms – some of a more ideal nature, some of a more practical nature – that are consistent with the aims of justice as fairness. Advisors/Committee Members: RUSSELL, ANDREW AT, Russell, Andrew, De Wijze, Stephen.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hood, S. A. (2014). Rawlsian Justice and Labour Markets in Nonideal Circumstances. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:220201

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hood, Stephen Andrew. “Rawlsian Justice and Labour Markets in Nonideal Circumstances.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed February 16, 2019. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:220201.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hood, Stephen Andrew. “Rawlsian Justice and Labour Markets in Nonideal Circumstances.” 2014. Web. 16 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Hood SA. Rawlsian Justice and Labour Markets in Nonideal Circumstances. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2014. [cited 2019 Feb 16]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:220201.

Council of Science Editors:

Hood SA. Rawlsian Justice and Labour Markets in Nonideal Circumstances. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2014. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:220201

University of Manchester

2. Fuentes, Claudio. Democracy and Incumbency: A mixed method strategy to understand political support from the results of deputiesâ€™ elections in Chile.

Degree: 2018, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:316676

► This doctoral dissertation examines whether incumbency affects democracy, and if it does, how re-election impacts on the political system. This thesis links and extends two… (more)

▼ This doctoral dissertation examines whether incumbency affects democracy, and if it does, how re-election impacts on the political system. This thesis links and extends two theoretical traditions that hardly ever have been combined: political support theory and incumbency theory. Political support theory is used as a proxy to examine democracy from a multidimensional perspective. In this theoretical tradition, there has been a considerable concentration of studies on developed nations, and which take a comparative approach. Also, there is persistently inadequate attention given to measuring the form of a government, with a strong predominance of parliamentarian systems. Likewise, most of the research is focused at the individual level, in where the use of statistical techniques is prevailing, and the mixed methods are, nearly, non-existent. On the other hand, there are no studies that explain incumbency effects on democracy directly. Despite there being plenty of inferences which can be taken from incumbency analysis and its extrapolations about democracy and elections, there is a scarcity of studies that associate both political phenomena. In most cases, scholars analyse incumbency as an advantage in popular elections in developed countries, mainly the U.S. The main argument of this thesis proposes that incumbency has effects on democracy and that those impacts will have adverse consequences on the democratic system. Taking Chile as a case-study, a developing country with a presidential system and with similarities to Western party systems, this research seeks to respond three hypotheses. 1) The categories of support identified by Booth and Seligson in 2009 could, to an extent, be modified by including questions that gauge the role of the presidential institution in the Chilean political system. 2) It is expected that incumbency will be shown to have distinct impacts on democratic political legitimacy. 3) The effect of deputies' re-election on political legitimacy dimensions will depend on the composition of legislative pairs at the electoral district level in Chile: two newcomers, one newcomer and one incumbent, or two incumbents. This investigation uses a mixed method strategy. From a qualitative perspective, I characterise all law bills proposed to the NC to limit the re-elections of public authorities in Chile, between 11th March 1990 and 31st December 2016. In line with this doctoral dissertationâ€™s aims, a context analysis is used to analyse the content of draft laws related to incumbency. From a quantitative approach, I examine the legislative incumbency effects on political legitimacy dimensions in Chile, from 2008 to 2014. In line with this doctoral dissertationâ€™s aim, a series of statistical techniques are used to analyse the effects of incumbency on political support. The findings suggest that: 1) The effects of incumbency are distributed differently according to the component of political legitimacy. 2) The rotation of political elites (seniority and the circulation of elected deputies) is the most… Advisors/Committee Members: RUSSELL, ANDREW AT, Turnbull, Nick, Russell, Andrew.

Subjects/Keywords: Democracy; Incumbency; Political Support; Legitimacy; Multilevel Modelling; Term Limits; Draft Bills; Content Analysis

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Fuentes, C. (2018). Democracy and Incumbency: A mixed method strategy to understand political support from the results of deputiesâ€™ elections in Chile. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:316676

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fuentes, Claudio. “Democracy and Incumbency: A mixed method strategy to understand political support from the results of deputiesâ€™ elections in Chile.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed February 16, 2019. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:316676.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fuentes, Claudio. “Democracy and Incumbency: A mixed method strategy to understand political support from the results of deputiesâ€™ elections in Chile.” 2018. Web. 16 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Fuentes C. Democracy and Incumbency: A mixed method strategy to understand political support from the results of deputiesâ€™ elections in Chile. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2018. [cited 2019 Feb 16]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:316676.

Council of Science Editors:

Fuentes C. Democracy and Incumbency: A mixed method strategy to understand political support from the results of deputiesâ€™ elections in Chile. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2018. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:316676

3. Hepburn, Paul Anthony. Local Governance and the local online networked public sphere:Enhancing local democracy or politics as usual?.

Degree: 2011, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:128815

► This study examines the potential for the Internet, or more specifically the World Wide Web, to enhance local democracy and local governance by providing a… (more)

▼ This study examines the potential for the Internet, or more specifically the World Wide Web, to enhance local democracy and local governance by providing a networked public sphere. It is located in post-industrial theories of social and political transformation, which see a new, uncertain and complex society emerging which may transform the political significance of the ‘local’. Whilst a number of causes are identified as culpable in this process, it is the ICT revolution and the development of the Web in particular, that is seen as possessing a democratising potential that, if realised, may bring greater resilience to geographic localities. The potential of the Web to provide a new networked public sphere is based upon contested views that its topography, its hyperlinked structure, can enable the ordinary citizen’s voice to be heard above those that traditionally dominate political discourse. However, there has been no attention paid to this potential being realised at a local governance level within which, this study argues, a favourable environment should exist for a local online networked public sphere to prosper. Accordingly, this prospect is empirically explored here through a case study of the use made of the Web by a variety of local civic, political and institutional actors during a 2008 local (Manchester, UK) referendum on introducing the largest traffic congestion charging scheme in the country. This research applies a distinctive mixed method approach within a conceptually defined internet mediated domain of local governance. Relational Hyperlink Analysis is used to analyse the structural significance of the captured congestion charge. This analysis uses Social Network Analysis (SNA) and an associated statistical technique, Exponential Random Graph Modelling (ERGM) to render the network visible and understandable. To further illuminate how the network was used by local civic and institutional actors involved in the referendum the research draws upon a network ethnography approach which uses SNA to identify subjects for qualitative investigation. The study offers some evidence of the Web providing ‘just enough’ links in this local context to suggest the structural existence of a networked public sphere. However, further evidence from the narratives and the statistical model paint an alternative picture. This suggests that, in the main, hyperlinking behaviour and use made of the network corresponds to a ‘politics as usual’ scenario where cliques are more likely to proliferate and powerful economic and media interests dominate online as they do offline. If the ordinary citizen’s voice is to be heard in this context then there is a requirement for policy intervention to establish a trusted local networked public sphere or online civic space, independent of vested interests but linked to the local governance decision making process. In addition to this there is a requirement for greater education, particularly aimed at senior local governance policy makers, in the culture of online engagement Advisors/Committee Members: RUSSELL, ANDREW AT, Russell, Andrew, Gains, Francesca.

Subjects/Keywords: online networked public sphere; social network analysis; hyperlink network analysis; online local governance

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hepburn, P. A. (2011). Local Governance and the local online networked public sphere:Enhancing local democracy or politics as usual?. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:128815

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hepburn, Paul Anthony. “Local Governance and the local online networked public sphere:Enhancing local democracy or politics as usual?.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed February 16, 2019. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:128815.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hepburn, Paul Anthony. “Local Governance and the local online networked public sphere:Enhancing local democracy or politics as usual?.” 2011. Web. 16 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Hepburn PA. Local Governance and the local online networked public sphere:Enhancing local democracy or politics as usual?. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2011. [cited 2019 Feb 16]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:128815.

Council of Science Editors:

Hepburn PA. Local Governance and the local online networked public sphere:Enhancing local democracy or politics as usual?. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2011. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:128815

4. Lee, Benjamin John. Are Digital Technologies Supporting Traditional Styles of Electioneering? Measuring and Explaining the Use of Interactive Web Campaigning by Candidates in the 2010 UK General Election.

Degree: 2013, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:185858

► This thesis is a mixed methods analysis of the use of new, interactive web campaign techniques, often referred to as Web 2.0, by constituency level… (more)

▼ This thesis is a mixed methods analysis of the use of new, interactive web campaign techniques, often referred to as Web 2.0, by constituency level campaigns at the 2010 UK General Election. It has two main objectives: measuring the adoption of new web campaign techniques amongst constituency campaigns and assessing the influence of different factors on campaigns’ propensity to use interactive campaigning. Drawing on previous work on parties’ use of technology, this thesis tests a socially shaped explanation of adoption, hypothesising that the offline campaign style will be a strong influence. This contributes to the wider debate about election campaigning online by using an analytical framework of traditional and modern constituency campaigning that contextualises web campaign elements within the campaign as a whole. Data to test this hypothesis comes from a diverse range of sources. A national survey of election agents (ESRC Electoral Agent Survey 2010) is used to measure the offline campaign style of campaigns and their adoption of Web 2.0 campaign sites. Content analysis data from a subset of regional campaigns is then used to assess the extent to which campaigns actually used specific interactive features across a range of platforms. Finally, the findings of these analyses are triangulated using qualitative data collected in interviews with campaigners following the election. The findings of this work show that despite the rapid adoption of Web 2.0 sites, campaigns have not fostered the kind of interaction associated with an architecture of participation. The drivers of Web 2.0 adoption are more complex than originally envisaged, whilst social shaping explanations are relevant, statistical models leave much of the variation in adoption unexplained. In conjunction with the accounts of campaigners collected through interviews, this strongly suggests that researchers must consider more intangible factors such as the perceived symbolic and instrumental value of web campaigns alongside social factors when attempting to explain the adoption of Web 2.0. Advisors/Committee Members: RUSSELL, ANDREW AT, CUTTS, DAVID DJ, Russell, Andrew, Cutts, David, Gibson, Rachel.

Subjects/Keywords: campaigns; parties; Web 2.0; e-campaigns

…ABSTRACT The University of Manchester Benjamin John Lee 26 October 2012 PhD Are Digital… …x28;the “Copyright”) and s/he has given The University of Manchester certain rights to… …in 2003. In 2005 he graduated from The University of Manchester with an MA in Political… …relations consultant before returning to The University of Manchester to study for a PhD in 2009…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lee, B. J. (2013). Are Digital Technologies Supporting Traditional Styles of Electioneering? Measuring and Explaining the Use of Interactive Web Campaigning by Candidates in the 2010 UK General Election. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:185858

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lee, Benjamin John. “Are Digital Technologies Supporting Traditional Styles of Electioneering? Measuring and Explaining the Use of Interactive Web Campaigning by Candidates in the 2010 UK General Election.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed February 16, 2019. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:185858.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vancouver:

Lee BJ. Are Digital Technologies Supporting Traditional Styles of Electioneering? Measuring and Explaining the Use of Interactive Web Campaigning by Candidates in the 2010 UK General Election. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2013. [cited 2019 Feb 16]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:185858.

Council of Science Editors:

Lee BJ. Are Digital Technologies Supporting Traditional Styles of Electioneering? Measuring and Explaining the Use of Interactive Web Campaigning by Candidates in the 2010 UK General Election. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2013. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:185858

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