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University of Kansas
1.
Schueler, Samantha Katelyn.
A Study in Aircraft Efficiency Enhancements via Prandtl-Tailored Dynamically Aerocompliant Wingtip Extensions.
Degree: MS, Aerospace Engineering, 2014, University of Kansas
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19593 
► In 2008, the commercial aerospace industry saw substantial reductions in aircraft operating hours because of the struggling economy and high operating costs. Recurring fuel costs…
(more)
▼ In 2008, the commercial aerospace industry saw substantial reductions in aircraft operating hours because of the struggling economy and high operating costs. Recurring fuel costs range from 10-40% of total operating cost revealing an inherent need for increased fuel efficiency for in-service aircraft. Current methods, such as control system improvements and winglet installments, yield little improvement. Wingtip extensions using a new design philosophy, however, indicate significant progress in the area through large scale reductions in the span loading of the aircraft thereby dramatically reducing induced drag. The adaptability of the wingtip extension allows for the span limitations set by the aircraft group classification to be met through the inclusion of a folding mechanism. Unlike currently used folding mechanisms, the Prandtl-tailored dynamically aerocompliant wingtip extension, explored herein, maintains the aerodynamic surface on both the upper and lower surface, thereby reducing drag further over the state of the art in active hinge mechanisms. The philosophy behind the Prandtl-tailored dynamically aerocompliant wingtip extensions follows technology commonly used in the helicopter and missile communities along with an approach by Ludwig Prandtl for reductions in induced drag. Strong pitch-flap coupling in the folding region results in reduced flapping tendencies and reduced fatigue while the shaping of the wingtip extension reduces the force increase due to the retrofit. By combining these techniques and adaptive materials, the benefits predicted through the retrofit of in-service aircraft with the wingtip extensions include: fatigue reduction, gust load alleviation, improved fuel burn efficiency, iv improved marketability through an increase in the design range, and improved safety during adverse flying conditions. This study uses the Boeing 727-200 as an analytical proof of concept aircraft to retrofit with the Prandtl-tailored dynamically aerocompliant wingtip extensions. This aircraft was used due to the abundance of publicly available technical data while the aircraft is still in-service but out of production, therefore the study is applicable while being "non-controversial". The aerodynamic results of this study indicate substantial improvement in the fuel efficiency of the aircraft during the cruise segment of the flight profile. The smallest span wingtip extension which was analyzed resulted in a 2% cruise fuel consumption reduction while the largest span wingtip extension analyzed resulted in a 48% cruise fuel consumption reduction. Although the Boeing 727-200 was used as the basis for this analysis, this wingtip extension design philosophy can be applied to most commercial aircraft with slight modifications to the layout and design. By proving the concept with wingtip extensions, the market can become accustomed to adaptive wing technology in commercial applications which, eventually, could lead to fundamentally new wing designs.
Advisors/Committee Members: Barrett, Ronald (advisor), Taghavi, Ray (cmtemember), Chao, Haiyang (cmtemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Aerospace engineering; Adaptive structures; Wing design
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APA (6th Edition):
Schueler, S. K. (2014). A Study in Aircraft Efficiency Enhancements via Prandtl-Tailored Dynamically Aerocompliant Wingtip Extensions. (Masters Thesis). University of Kansas. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19593
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Schueler, Samantha Katelyn. “A Study in Aircraft Efficiency Enhancements via Prandtl-Tailored Dynamically Aerocompliant Wingtip Extensions.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Kansas. Accessed April 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19593.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Schueler, Samantha Katelyn. “A Study in Aircraft Efficiency Enhancements via Prandtl-Tailored Dynamically Aerocompliant Wingtip Extensions.” 2014. Web. 15 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Schueler SK. A Study in Aircraft Efficiency Enhancements via Prandtl-Tailored Dynamically Aerocompliant Wingtip Extensions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Kansas; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19593.
Council of Science Editors:
Schueler SK. A Study in Aircraft Efficiency Enhancements via Prandtl-Tailored Dynamically Aerocompliant Wingtip Extensions. [Masters Thesis]. University of Kansas; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19593
University of Kansas
2.
Wu, Yuanwei.
Optimization for Training Deep Models and Deep Learning Based Point Cloud Analysis and Image Classification.
Degree: PhD, Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, 2019, University of Kansas
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30365
► Deep learning (DL) has dramatically improved the state-of-the-art performances in broad applications of computer vision, such as image recognition, object detection, segmentation, and point cloud…
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▼ Deep learning (DL) has dramatically improved the state-of-the-art performances in broad applications of computer vision, such as image recognition, object detection, segmentation, and point cloud analysis. However, the reasons for such huge empirical success of DL still keep elusive theoretically. In this dissertation, to understand DL and improve its efficiency, robustness, and interpretability, we theoretically investigate optimization algorithms for training deep models and empirically explore deep learning based point cloud analysis and image classification. 1). Optimization for Training Deep Models: Neural network training is one of the most difficult optimization problems involved in DL. Recently, it has been attracting more and more attention to understand the global optimality in DL. However, we observe that conventional DL solvers have not been developed intentionally to seek for such global optimality. In this dissertation, we propose a novel approximation algorithm, BPGrad, towards optimizing deep models globally via branch and pruning. The proposed BPGrad algorithm is based on the assumption of Lipschitz continuity in DL, and as a result, it can adaptively determine the step size for the current gradient given the history of previous updates, wherein theoretically no smaller steps can achieve the global optimality. Empirically an efficient solver based on BPGrad for DL is proposed as well, and it outperforms conventional DL solvers such as Adagrad, Adadelta, RMSProp, and Adam in the tasks of object recognition, detection, and segmentation. 2). Deep Learning Based Point Cloud Analysis and Image Classification: The network architecture is of central importance for many visual recognition tasks. In this dissertation, we focus on the emerging field of point clouds analysis and image classification. 2.1) Point cloud analysis: We observe that traditional 6D pose estimation approaches are not sufficient to address the problem where neither a CAD model of the object nor the ground-truth 6D poses of its instances are available during training. We propose a novel unsupervised approach to jointly learn the 3D object model and estimate the 6D poses of multiple instances of the same object in a single end-to-end deep neural network framework, with applications to depth-based instance segmentation. The inputs are depth images, and the learned object model is represented by a 3D point cloud. Specifically, our network produces a 3D object model and a list of rigid transformations on this model to generate instances, which when rendered must match the observed point cloud to minimizing the Chamfer distance. To render the set of instance point clouds with occlusions, the network automatically removes the occluded points in a given camera view. Extensive experiments evaluate our technique on several object models and a varying number of instances in 3D point clouds. Compared with popular baselines for instance segmentation, our model not only demonstrates competitive performance, but also learns a 3D object model that is…
Advisors/Committee Members: Wang, Guanghui (advisor), Kim, Taejoon (cmtemember), Luo, Bo (cmtemember), Yun, Heechul (cmtemember), Chao, Haiyang (cmtemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Computer Vision; Deep Learning; Image Classification; Optimization Algorithm; Point Cloud Analysis
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APA (6th Edition):
Wu, Y. (2019). Optimization for Training Deep Models and Deep Learning Based Point Cloud Analysis and Image Classification. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Kansas. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30365
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wu, Yuanwei. “Optimization for Training Deep Models and Deep Learning Based Point Cloud Analysis and Image Classification.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Kansas. Accessed April 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30365.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wu, Yuanwei. “Optimization for Training Deep Models and Deep Learning Based Point Cloud Analysis and Image Classification.” 2019. Web. 15 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Wu Y. Optimization for Training Deep Models and Deep Learning Based Point Cloud Analysis and Image Classification. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Kansas; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30365.
Council of Science Editors:
Wu Y. Optimization for Training Deep Models and Deep Learning Based Point Cloud Analysis and Image Classification. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Kansas; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/30365
3.
Gowravaram, Saket Navalur.
Multispectral Remote Sensing of the Earth and Environment Using KHawk Unmanned Aircraft Systems.
Degree: MS, Aerospace Engineering, 2017, University of Kansas
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/25921
► This thesis focuses on the development and testing of the KHawk multispectral remote sensing system for environmental and agricultural applications. KHawk Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS),…
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▼ This thesis focuses on the development and testing of the KHawk multispectral remote sensing system for environmental and agricultural applications. KHawk Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS), a small and low-cost remote sensing platform, is used as the test bed for aerial video acquisition. An efficient image geotagging and photogrammetric procedure for aerial map generation is described, followed by a comprehensive error analysis on the generated maps. The developed procedure is also used for generation of multispectral aerial maps including red, near infrared (NIR) and colored infrared (CIR) maps. A robust Normalized Difference Vegetation index (NDVI) calibration procedure is proposed and validated by ground tests and KHawk flight test. Finally, the generated aerial maps and their corresponding Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) are used for typical application scenarios including prescribed fire monitoring, initial fire line estimation, and tree health monitoring.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chao, Haiyang (advisor), Brunsell, Nathaniel (cmtemember), Choi, Dongkyu (cmtemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Aerospace engineering
…researchers at the Cooperative Unmanned Systems Laboratory
(CUSL) in the University of… …Kansas (KU).
2.2 Remote Sensing Requirements
Remote sensing is defined as the…
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APA (6th Edition):
Gowravaram, S. N. (2017). Multispectral Remote Sensing of the Earth and Environment Using KHawk Unmanned Aircraft Systems. (Masters Thesis). University of Kansas. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1808/25921
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gowravaram, Saket Navalur. “Multispectral Remote Sensing of the Earth and Environment Using KHawk Unmanned Aircraft Systems.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Kansas. Accessed April 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/25921.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gowravaram, Saket Navalur. “Multispectral Remote Sensing of the Earth and Environment Using KHawk Unmanned Aircraft Systems.” 2017. Web. 15 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Gowravaram SN. Multispectral Remote Sensing of the Earth and Environment Using KHawk Unmanned Aircraft Systems. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Kansas; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/25921.
Council of Science Editors:
Gowravaram SN. Multispectral Remote Sensing of the Earth and Environment Using KHawk Unmanned Aircraft Systems. [Masters Thesis]. University of Kansas; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/25921
4.
Flanagan, Harold Patrick.
Improved Atmospheric Density Estimation for ANDE-2 Satellites using Drag Coefficients Obtained from Gas-Surface Interaction Equations.
Degree: MS, Aerospace Engineering, 2015, University of Kansas
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19392
► A major issue in the process of predicting the future position of satellites in low earth orbit (LEO) is that the drag coefficient of a…
(more)
▼ A major issue in the process of predicting the future position of satellites in low earth orbit (LEO) is that the drag coefficient of a satellite is generally not precisely known throughout the satellite’s lifespan. One reason for this problem is that as a satellite travels through the Earth’s thermosphere, variations in the composition of the thermosphere directly affect the drag coefficient of the satellite. The greatest amount of uncertainty in the drag coefficient from these variations in the thermosphere comes from the amount of atomic oxygen that covers the satellites surface as the satellite descends to lower altitudes. This percent surface coverage of atomic oxygen directly affects the interaction between the surface of the satellite and the gas through which it is passing. The work performed in this thesis determines the drag coefficients of the ANDE-2 satellites over their life spans by using satellite laser ranging (SLR) data of the ANDE-2 satellites in unison with gas-surface interaction equations. The fractional coverage of atomic oxygen is determined by using empirically determined data and semi-empirical models that attempt to predict the fractional coverage of oxygen relative to the composition of the atmosphere. These drag coefficients are then used to determine the atmospheric densities experienced by these satellites over various days, so that inaccuracies in the atmospheric models can be observed. The drag coefficients of the ANDE-2 satellites decrease throughout the satellites’ life, and vary most due to changes in the temperature and density of the atmosphere. The greatest uncertainty in the atmosphere’s composition occurs at lower altitudes at the end of ANDE-2’s life.
Advisors/Committee Members: McLaughlin, Craig A (advisor), Chao, Haiyang (cmtemember), Zheng, Zhongquan C (cmtemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Aerospace engineering; ANDE-2; Atmospheric Density; Gas-Surface Interaction Equations; Satellite Drag Coefficients
…was done in collaboration with the Los Alamos National
Laboratory and the University of… …Kansas in Mehta (2013) with simulations performed by Dr. Andrew
Walker from the Los…
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Flanagan, H. P. (2015). Improved Atmospheric Density Estimation for ANDE-2 Satellites using Drag Coefficients Obtained from Gas-Surface Interaction Equations. (Masters Thesis). University of Kansas. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19392
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Flanagan, Harold Patrick. “Improved Atmospheric Density Estimation for ANDE-2 Satellites using Drag Coefficients Obtained from Gas-Surface Interaction Equations.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Kansas. Accessed April 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19392.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Flanagan, Harold Patrick. “Improved Atmospheric Density Estimation for ANDE-2 Satellites using Drag Coefficients Obtained from Gas-Surface Interaction Equations.” 2015. Web. 15 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Flanagan HP. Improved Atmospheric Density Estimation for ANDE-2 Satellites using Drag Coefficients Obtained from Gas-Surface Interaction Equations. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Kansas; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19392.
Council of Science Editors:
Flanagan HP. Improved Atmospheric Density Estimation for ANDE-2 Satellites using Drag Coefficients Obtained from Gas-Surface Interaction Equations. [Masters Thesis]. University of Kansas; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/19392
5.
Chawla, Dhruv Mahindra.
Post-Additive Processing and Manufacturing of UAV Airframes.
Degree: MS, Aerospace Engineering, 2016, University of Kansas
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24156
► Improving manufacturing techniques to minimize costs have always been the ultimate goal for engineers since the dawn of technology. Working toward making the end product…
(more)
▼ Improving manufacturing techniques to minimize costs have always been the ultimate goal for engineers since the dawn of technology. Working toward making the end product as affordable as possible without compromising on its quality is not just a skill set to develop but also, art. This thesis deals with changing the approach to the manufacturing of the patented XQ-139 UAV by using alternative materials to reduce production costs and time. Retaining the overall structure and utility of the UAV while eliminating the high costs to produce is the primary goal. It also includes tests performed on the new UAV airframe to prove this hypothesis and compare it to the results of the original airframe. The objective is to prove that the new airframe can cope with the structural and performance demands of the original XQ-139A, while reducing the total costs to manufacture it. This thesis only deals with the processing and manufacturing of the new XQ-139A airframe. No flight tests are involved.
Advisors/Committee Members: Barrett, Ron (advisor), Wu, Huixuan (cmtemember), Chao, Haiyang (cmtemember), Bramlette, Richard (cmtemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Aerospace engineering; 3D Printing; Manufacturing; Polycarbonate; Post-Additive Processing; Quad Rocket; UAV
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Chawla, D. M. (2016). Post-Additive Processing and Manufacturing of UAV Airframes. (Masters Thesis). University of Kansas. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24156
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chawla, Dhruv Mahindra. “Post-Additive Processing and Manufacturing of UAV Airframes.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Kansas. Accessed April 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24156.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chawla, Dhruv Mahindra. “Post-Additive Processing and Manufacturing of UAV Airframes.” 2016. Web. 15 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Chawla DM. Post-Additive Processing and Manufacturing of UAV Airframes. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Kansas; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24156.
Council of Science Editors:
Chawla DM. Post-Additive Processing and Manufacturing of UAV Airframes. [Masters Thesis]. University of Kansas; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/24156
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