+publisher:"University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign" +contributor:("Roca, Alfred L")

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

1. Zhao, Kai. Genomic signatures of recent selection at HIV host susceptibility genes in a Central African human population.

Degree: MS, 4026, 2012, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/29582

► Multiple independent transfers of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strains from chimpanzees to human populations produced the current HIV-1 pandemic. We hypothesized that Central African human… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Bioinformatics; Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS); Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); AIDS Restriction Genes; Biaka; Selection; Cullin-5 (CUL5); Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 (TRIM5); HIV dependency factor (HDF)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zhao, K. (2012). Genomic signatures of recent selection at HIV host susceptibility genes in a Central African human population. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/29582

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhao, Kai. “Genomic signatures of recent selection at HIV host susceptibility genes in a Central African human population.” 2012. Thesis, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/29582.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhao, Kai. “Genomic signatures of recent selection at HIV host susceptibility genes in a Central African human population.” 2012. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhao K. Genomic signatures of recent selection at HIV host susceptibility genes in a Central African human population. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/29582.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zhao K. Genomic signatures of recent selection at HIV host susceptibility genes in a Central African human population. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/29582

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

2. Zhao, Kai. Bioinformatics analyses of non-coding genomic elements.

Degree: PhD, Animal Sciences, 2016, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90895

► Mammalian genomes consist primarily of non-coding sequences (Kellis et al. 2014). Originally castigated as "junk DNA", many non-coding regions have now been characterized as having… (more)

▼ Mammalian genomes consist primarily of non-coding sequences (Kellis et al. 2014). Originally castigated as "junk DNA", many non-coding regions have now been characterized as having functional roles, or have been determined to be the causal agent for diseases. Additionally, sequences that are non-functional can be used as neutral markers for population genetics. Determining the role of non-coding sequences or finding sequences usable as neutral markers is computationally and biologically non-trivial. However, recent advances in molecular biology, in particular the reduced cost of next-generation sequencing (NGS), have enabled new experiments that involve these sequences. I will discuss studies using bioinformatics that leveraged these advances to characterize three types of non-coding sequences: endogenous retroviruses, microsatellite markers and transcription factor binding sites. I conducted the bioinformatics design, coding and analyses, working with collaborators who verified findings in the laboratory. The only retrovirus known to be currently transitioning from exogenous to endogenous form is the koala retrovirus (KoRV), making koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) ideal for examining the early stages of retroviral endogenization. In the first study, I developed a bioinformatics routine to identify distinct retroviral integrants from NGS reads of KoRV retrovirus flanks isolated using koala genomic DNA. In the second study, I developed computationally efficient, user-friendly software that would identify polymorphic microsatellite loci using NGS reads, then design oligonucleotide primers appropriate for amplifying those loci. We developed this software to enable studies to improve understanding of population structure, estimate population size and estimate genetic diversity in genetically depauperate wildlife species. In the third study, I developed a bioinformatics pipeline to characterize gene expression changes during development in the fetal limb tissue of several mammalian species, to better understand the mechanistic differences across evolutionary lineages. We compared development in four species of mammals. The house mouse was used since it is a well-characterized model organism with five digits. The domestic pig was used since it is a well-studied agricultural animal and a model for digit reduction. A species of bat was used since bats undergo wing development. Finally, a species of opossum was used as an outgroup to the three eutherian species. Advisors/Committee Members: Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L (advisor), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L (Committee Chair), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Cardoso%2C%20Felipe%20C%22%29&pagesize-30">Cardoso, Felipe C (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Loor%2C%20Juan%20J%22%29&pagesize-30">Loor, Juan J (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Sinha%2C%20Saurabh%22%29&pagesize-30">Sinha, Saurabh (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: transcription factors; hox genes; endogenous retroviruses; koala; sumatran rhinoceros; Phascolarctos cinereus; koala retrovirus; korv

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zhao, K. (2016). Bioinformatics analyses of non-coding genomic elements. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90895

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhao, Kai. “Bioinformatics analyses of non-coding genomic elements.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90895.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhao, Kai. “Bioinformatics analyses of non-coding genomic elements.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhao K. Bioinformatics analyses of non-coding genomic elements. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90895.

Council of Science Editors:

Zhao K. Bioinformatics analyses of non-coding genomic elements. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/90895

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

3. Brandt, Jessica R. Conservation and population genetics of African and Asian rhinoceros.

Degree: PhD, Animal Sciences, 2016, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92892

► There are five living species of rhinoceros inhabiting Africa and Asia: black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis), white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum), Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), Javan rhinoceros… (more)

▼ There are five living species of rhinoceros inhabiting Africa and Asia: black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis), white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum), Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus) and Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis). Anthropogenic activities, such as poaching and habitat disruption, have led to steep declines in the population size of all rhinoceros species, placing them in danger of extinction. The development of genetic markers for assessment of diversity at neutral and adaptive loci can be used to address a number of questions that will aid in the conservation of rhinoceros populations both ex situ and in the wild. In order to evaluate genetic diversity in rhinoceros populations, I investigated three research questions that will contribute substantially to the conservation and management of rhinoceros species. (1) Accurate estimates of population size are often difficult to obtain for rhinoceros species that are elusive or prefer dense habitat. Knowing the precise number of individuals in an area is essential for managers to develop and implement conservation plans that address the issues facing a particular population. To enable the use of molecular methods for censusing of rhinoceros populations 29 novel Sumatran rhinoceros microsatellites and 17 novel black rhinoceros microsatellites were characterized from next generation sequencing data for use with low quality DNA extracted from non-invasively collected fecal samples. A subset of these markers is sufficient for identification of individuals based on PID and PID(sib) values. Through a series of optimization steps I was able to show that these markers can be successfully used to obtain genotypes from fecal samples. These markers are of particularly importance for Sumatran rhinoceros populations since the reported number of individual has been difficult to accurately estimate and drastically overstated. Studies aimed at implementing these markers for estimating census size in wild rhinoceros populations are ongoing. (2) The Sumatran rhinoceros, once widespread across Southeast Asia, now consists of ca. 100 individuals primarily found in three isolated populations on the island of Sumatra. No studies have examined the population genetic structure of Sumatran rhinoceros using techniques beyond mitochondrial restriction mapping analysis. Given the requirement for substantial management of the remaining Sumatran rhino populations in the wild and in ex situ breeding facilities, more information regarding their genetic status needs to be available. I used mitochondrial DNA sequences from modern and archival museum samples to assess genetic diversity and structure. Among all samples, haplotype diversity was high; samples identified as being members of the subspecies D. s. sumatrensis formed a cluster containing ten haplotypes. The number of haplotypes and the haplotype diversity among the museum samples of D. s. sumatrensis were higher than in the modern samples even after rarefaction, suggesting… Advisors/Committee Members: Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L (advisor), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L (Committee Chair), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Fischer%2C%20Amy%20E%22%29&pagesize-30">Fischer, Amy E (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Malhi%2C%20Ripan%20S%22%29&pagesize-30">Malhi, Ripan S (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Kukekova%2C%20Anna%22%29&pagesize-30">Kukekova, Anna (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Conservation ecology; Rhinoceros; Population genetics; Immunogenetics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Brandt, J. R. (2016). Conservation and population genetics of African and Asian rhinoceros. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92892

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brandt, Jessica R. “Conservation and population genetics of African and Asian rhinoceros.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92892.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brandt, Jessica R. “Conservation and population genetics of African and Asian rhinoceros.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Brandt JR. Conservation and population genetics of African and Asian rhinoceros. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92892.

Council of Science Editors:

Brandt JR. Conservation and population genetics of African and Asian rhinoceros. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92892

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

4. de Flamingh, Alida. Conservation genetics of African elephants.

Degree: PhD, Ecol, Evol, Conservation Biol, 2020, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/107911

► Elephant population numbers are plummeting across the African continent. Habitat loss as a consequence of anthropogenic landscape transformation, and the poaching of elephants for the… (more)

▼ Elephant population numbers are plummeting across the African continent. Habitat loss as a consequence of anthropogenic landscape transformation, and the poaching of elephants for the illegal ivory trade, has reduced and fragmented elephant populations to a fraction of their former population size and range. It has therefore become necessary to develop and implement proactive and targeted conservation initiatives that aim at maintaining or restoring spatial and genetic connectivity between populations. In this thesis, I use a conservation genetic approach to study African elephant populations with the aim of developing methodologies and providing applications that could inform conservation planning for African elephants. In Chapter 1, I introduce and discuss the need for proactive African elephant conservation initiatives. In Chapter 2, I develop and evaluate an approach to delineate functional landscape linkages (FLL) for African elephant conservation planning, and I use this approach to create a fine-scale map that demarcates FLL for elephant populations in southern Africa. The results of Chapter 3 provide support for conservation initiatives that aim at increasing connectivity through FLL. In Chapter 3, I show that Kruger National Park’s elephant population forms part of a functional entity in which migration helped to maintain a relatively diverse gene pool. Chapter 4 benefits elephant conservation by increasing our understanding of historical elephant population ecology and genetics. Here I show that contemporary West African forest elephant populations have limited genetic diversity compared to the genetic diversity found in historical populations. Chapter 4 highlights the need for proactive and preventative conservation strategies that aim to conserve the genetic diversity within remaining forest elephant populations. In Chapter 5 I adapt a method previously developed for sex identification of human remains for use with non-human taxa, and I successfully identify the sex of modern and ancient elephants from low coverage genome data. Sex identification of ancient animal biological remains can benefit conservation by increasing our understanding of historical population structure, demography and social behavior. In this thesis I develop and apply genetic and spatial analyses to extinct and extant elephant populations to inform local and regional African elephant conservation strategies. This thesis provides an interdisciplinary toolset and framework for future conservation genetic studies that focus on African elephant conservation planning. Advisors/Committee Members: Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L (advisor), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L (Committee Chair), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Malhi%2C%20Ripan%20S%22%29&pagesize-30">Malhi, Ripan S (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Schooley%2C%20Robert%20L%22%29&pagesize-30">Schooley, Robert L (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22van%20Aarde%2C%20Rudi%20J%22%29&pagesize-30">van Aarde, Rudi J (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: conservation genetics; molecular ecology; conservation genomics; megafauna

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

de Flamingh, A. (2020). Conservation genetics of African elephants. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/107911

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

de Flamingh, Alida. “Conservation genetics of African elephants.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/107911.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

de Flamingh, Alida. “Conservation genetics of African elephants.” 2020. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

de Flamingh A. Conservation genetics of African elephants. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/107911.

Council of Science Editors:

de Flamingh A. Conservation genetics of African elephants. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/107911

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

5. Brandt, Adam. African elephant conservation and population genetics.

Degree: PhD, 0002, 2015, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/72995

► Despite advances in technology and management practices, countless species of wildlife continue to decline and become threatened with extinction, largely due to human activities such… (more)

▼ Despite advances in technology and management practices, countless species of wildlife continue to decline and become threatened with extinction, largely due to human activities such as poaching and habitat destruction. The field of conservation genetics aims to reduce the rate and severity of species decline by better understanding their genetics and making relevant information available to conservation and management entities. African elephants are in decline and the research here aims to answer important questions relevant to conservation efforts. (1) Phylogeographic patterns between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in African elephants are often incongruent, which has been attributed to sex-biased dispersal and variance in reproductive success. To examine this, we sequenced the mitochondrial genome of two African forest elephants and examined the coalescent dates within the elephantid lineage. Comparing mitochondrial and nuclear coalescence dates, we found the ratio to be much greater than 0.25, which is consistent with the expectation that sex differences in dispersal and in variance of reproductive success would have increased the effective population size of mtDNA relative to nuclear markers in elephantids, thus contributing to the persistence of incongruent mtDNA phylogeographic patterns. (2) Past research on African elephant genetics has focused heavily on the phylogenetic relationship of forest and savanna elephants. Few studies have examined savanna elephant population genetics exclusively; those that have were limited in geographic scope or relied on mitochondrial DNA which has been shown to be a poor indicator of nuclear population structure. In this study we determined the extent of range wide, intra-species genetic variation for the African savanna elephant using multilocus genotype data. Our findings indicated that African savanna elephants have not undergone a population bottleneck within the last 2 to 4 NE generations. Additionally, there was strong support for isolation by distance at the continental scale and there was evidence that localities in north-central Africa are distinct. (3) Many elephant populations in Africa are isolated within fragmented habitat and persist in low numbers. The elephants of Gash-Barka, Eritrea have become completely isolated, lacking any gene flow from other elephant populations. Using DNA isolated from dung, we examined nuclear and mitochondrial markers to better understand genetic variation and affinities to elephants elsewhere on the continent for conservation purposes. Elephants in Eritrea have low genetic diversity and a close affinity to savanna elephants in Eastern Africa. Conservation efforts should aim to protect Eritrean elephants and their habitat in the short run, with restoration of habitat connectivity and genetic diversity as long-term goals. (4) While conservation genetics aims to reduce species decline, research is often limited by the availability of high quality DNA samples like blood or tissue. Obtaining these samples requires direct contact and… Advisors/Committee Members: Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L.%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L. (advisor), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L.%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L. (Committee Chair), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Fischer%2C%20Amy%20E.%22%29&pagesize-30">Fischer, Amy E. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Malhi%2C%20Ripan%20S.%22%29&pagesize-30">Malhi, Ripan S. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Swanson%2C%20Kelly%20S.%22%29&pagesize-30">Swanson, Kelly S. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Proboscidea; savanna elephant; forest elephant; fecal DNA; Loxodonta; microsatellites; mitochondrial DNA; single nucleotide polymorphism

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Brandt, A. (2015). African elephant conservation and population genetics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/72995

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brandt, Adam. “African elephant conservation and population genetics.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/72995.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brandt, Adam. “African elephant conservation and population genetics.” 2015. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Brandt A. African elephant conservation and population genetics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/72995.

Council of Science Editors:

Brandt A. African elephant conservation and population genetics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/72995

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

6. Darfour-Oduro, Kwame Asante. Evolutionary analysis of Suidae TLR signaling pathway.

Degree: PhD, Animal Sciences, 2015, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/78382

► The innate immune system represents the first line of host defense against pathogens. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the best characterized pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) of… (more)

▼ The innate immune system represents the first line of host defense against pathogens. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the best characterized pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) of the innate immune system. TLRs detect distinct pathogen associated molecules and engage downstream intracellular signaling cascades eventually leading to an innate immune response. Thus, the TLR signaling pathway is under selective pressure from pathogens and is essential for host survival. The family Suidae (domestic pigs and their wild relatives) has diverged over extended evolutionary periods in diverse environments, suggesting that adaptation in response to endemic infectious agents may have occurred. It is therefore expected that the TLR signaling pathway might have played a crucial role in the survival of members of the family Suidae. However, the extent to which pathogen mediated selection pressures have influenced the evolution of family Suidae TLR signaling pathway genes is not well understood. Investigating the role of pathogens in the genetic variation within the TLR signaling pathway genes will indicate the critical role of these genes in host defense against prior and present infections. In this dissertation I first determined whether members of the family Suidae TLRs have evolved adaptively at the interspecies level. To this end, coding sequences of bacterial sensing TLR (TLR1, TLR2 and TLR6) and viral sensing TLR (TLR3, TLR7 and TLR8) were retrieved from resequencing libraries of one animal representing each of the following members of the family Suidae: Sus scrofa from Europe, Sus scrofa from Asia, Potamochoerus larvatus, Potamochoerus porcus and Phacochoerus africanus of sub Saharan African origin and Sus verrucosus, Sus celebensis, Sus scebifrons, Sus barbatus and Babyrousa babyrussa from island Southeast Asia. Evolutionary analyses of the aligned TLR sequences were done using Maximum likelihood (ML) approaches in a phylogenetic framework. These analyses indicated that persistent positive selection pressures have acted on amino acid residues across the family Suidae in both bacterial and viral sensing TLRs. There were more amino acid sites under positive selection in bacterial sensing TLRs than their viral sensing counterparts. Lineage specific positive selective events, where positive selective were inferred for particular family Suidae species were suggestive of species specific pathogens that are acting as selection pressures. Some of the amino acid residues under positive selective pressure were involved in radical amino acid substitutions and were also within or in close proximity to functionally important domains of the TLR proteins. Thus, such residues may have disease resistance implications for the family Suidae. Adaptive evolution was also investigated at the intraspecies level. The European Sus scrofa (wild boars and domestic pigs) diverged from their Asian counterparts over 1million years ago. Distinct pathogen mediated selective pressures might have acted on these geographically separated groups leading… Advisors/Committee Members: Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Schook%2C%20Lawrence%20B.%22%29&pagesize-30">Schook, Lawrence B. (advisor), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Schook%2C%20Lawrence%20B.%22%29&pagesize-30">Schook, Lawrence B. (Committee Chair), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22White%2C%20Bryan%20A.%22%29&pagesize-30">White, Bryan A. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L.%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Ma%2C%20Jian%22%29&pagesize-30">Ma, Jian (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Suidae; Toll-like receptors

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Darfour-Oduro, K. A. (2015). Evolutionary analysis of Suidae TLR signaling pathway. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/78382

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Darfour-Oduro, Kwame Asante. “Evolutionary analysis of Suidae TLR signaling pathway.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/78382.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Darfour-Oduro, Kwame Asante. “Evolutionary analysis of Suidae TLR signaling pathway.” 2015. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Darfour-Oduro KA. Evolutionary analysis of Suidae TLR signaling pathway. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/78382.

Council of Science Editors:

Darfour-Oduro KA. Evolutionary analysis of Suidae TLR signaling pathway. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/78382

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

7. De, Arun Kumar. Porcine model of xenobiotic metabolism.

Degree: PhD, Animal Sciences, 2016, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/93056

► A xenobiotic is a foreign chemical substance found in the environment. The body removes xenobiotics by xenobiotic metabolism. Drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) play central roles… (more)

▼ A xenobiotic is a foreign chemical substance found in the environment. The body removes xenobiotics by xenobiotic metabolism. Drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) play central roles in the metabolism, elimination, and detoxification of xenobiotics introduced into the body. Orphan nuclear receptors play crucial role in regulation of the expression of DMEs. The pig has quickly grown into an important biomedical research tool over the past few decades. The pig is an appropriate animal model for the investigation of xenobiotic disposition, as the transporters and CYP enzymes are very similar to those in humans. The characterization of porcine drug metabolism genes and the genes involved in regulating drug metabolism can provide insights into human drug metabolic diseases and individual variability of responses toward a drug. The tissue- and stage-specific expression of the nuclear receptors in pigs and their comparison to humans will be of great interest. Consequently, the goal of the proposal is to validate pig as a model of xenobiotic metabolism in order to get a better understanding of the pharmacokinetic properties of the xenobiotics. Expression of orphan nuclear receptors were screened across various porcine organs (liver, kidney, lung, small intestine, spleen, pancreas, heart, brain and skeletal muscle). Analysis of the mRNA expression levels of porcine orphan nuclear receptors in total RNA from various porcine organs was also performed by real time reverse transcriptase PCR. Expression of all the porcine nuclear receptors studied except (PPARγ) was detected in the liver and kidney. Most of the nuclear receptors showed higher expression in the liver. The tissue distribution and the expression profiles of the porcine nuclear receptors were consistent with those of human. To evaluate the effect of xenobiotic exposure on the expression pattern of the nuclear receptors, expression pattern of nuclear receptors were evaluated in three different developmental stages i.e; three month old fetus, one month old piglet and one year old adult pig. The expression levels of the nuclear receptors in adult tissues were higher than that of one month old piglets which in turn were higher than those of a three month old fetal piglet. Porcine orphan nuclear receptors liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), liver X receptor beta (LXRβ) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) were cloned and the sequence analysis revealed eight novel transcript variants for LXRα and LXRβ each and five novel transcript variants for CAR. The expression profiles and the physiochemical properties of the novel identified transcript variants were analyzed. Further, we developed and characterized a porcine hepatocyte cell line representative of human primary hepatocytes to support drug toxicity and metabolism assessments. Three independent hepatocyte cell lines were developed from three different Oncopigs and all of them expressed hepatocyte specific and most important drug metabolism and regulation genes comparable to those porcine primary hepatocytes. We evaluated… Advisors/Committee Members: Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Schook%2C%20Lawrence%20B%22%29&pagesize-30">Schook, Lawrence B (advisor), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Schook%2C%20Lawrence%20B%22%29&pagesize-30">Schook, Lawrence B (Committee Chair), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22White%2C%20Bryan%22%29&pagesize-30">White, Bryan (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20%20L%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Pan%2C%20Dipanjan%22%29&pagesize-30">Pan, Dipanjan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Xenobiotic metabolism; Porcine model

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

De, A. K. (2016). Porcine model of xenobiotic metabolism. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/93056

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

De, Arun Kumar. “Porcine model of xenobiotic metabolism.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/93056.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

De, Arun Kumar. “Porcine model of xenobiotic metabolism.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

De AK. Porcine model of xenobiotic metabolism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/93056.

Council of Science Editors:

De AK. Porcine model of xenobiotic metabolism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/93056

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

8. Miller, Margret E. Comparative genomic approaches for investigating evolution in the microbial and viral populations of the rumen.

Degree: PhD, 0002, 2011, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18486

► The rumen is home to a diverse population of microorganisms encompassing all three domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Viruses have also been documented… (more)

▼ The rumen is home to a diverse population of microorganisms encompassing all three domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Viruses have also been documented to be present in large numbers; however, little is currently known about their role in the dynamics of the rumen ecosystem. This research aimed to use a comparative genomics approach in order to assess the potential evolutionary mechanisms at work in the rumen environment. We proposed to do this by first assessing the diversity and potential for horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of multiple strains of the cellulolytic rumen bacterium, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, and then by conducting a survey of rumen viral metagenome (virome) and subsequent comparison of the virome and microbiome sequences to ascertain if there was genetic information shared between these populations. We hypothesize that the bacteriophages play an integral role in the community dynamics of the rumen, as well as driving the evolution of the rumen microbiome through HGT. In our analysis of the Ruminococcus flavefaciens genomes, there were several mobile elements and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) sequences detected, both of which indicate interactions with bacteriophages. The rumen virome sequences revealed a great deal of diversity in the viral populations. Additionally, the microbial and viral populations appeared to be closely associated; the dominant viral types were those that infect the dominant microbial phyla. The correlation between the distribution of taxa in the microbiome and virome sequences as well as the presence of CRISPR loci in the R. flavefaciens genomes, suggested that there is a “kill-the-winner” community dynamic between the viral and microbial populations in the rumen. Additionally, upon comparison of the rumen microbiome and rumen virome sequences, we found that there are many sequence similarities between these populations indicating a potential for phage-mediated HGT. These results suggest that the phages represent a gene pool in the rumen that could potentially contain genes that are important for adaptation and survival in the rumen environment, as well as serving as a molecular ‘fingerprint’ of the rumen ecosystem. Advisors/Committee Members: Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22White%2C%20Bryan%20A.%22%29&pagesize-30">White, Bryan A. (advisor), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22White%2C%20Bryan%20A.%22%29&pagesize-30">White, Bryan A. (Committee Chair), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Drackley%2C%20James%20K.%22%29&pagesize-30">Drackley, James K. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L.%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Yannarell%2C%20Anthony%20C.%22%29&pagesize-30">Yannarell, Anthony C. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: comparative genomics; Metagenomics; bacteriophages; evolution; rumen

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Miller, M. E. (2011). Comparative genomic approaches for investigating evolution in the microbial and viral populations of the rumen. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18486

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Miller, Margret E. “Comparative genomic approaches for investigating evolution in the microbial and viral populations of the rumen.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18486.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Miller, Margret E. “Comparative genomic approaches for investigating evolution in the microbial and viral populations of the rumen.” 2011. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Miller ME. Comparative genomic approaches for investigating evolution in the microbial and viral populations of the rumen. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18486.

Council of Science Editors:

Miller ME. Comparative genomic approaches for investigating evolution in the microbial and viral populations of the rumen. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18486

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

9. Witt Dillon, Kelsey E. A demographic and dietary history of ancient dogs in the Americas using ancient DNA.

Degree: PhD, Ecol, Evol, Conservation Biol, 2017, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/98204

► Dogs were domesticated more than 15,000 years ago, and since then they have become an integral part of human lives. They have served as hunters,… (more)

▼ Dogs were domesticated more than 15,000 years ago, and since then they have become an integral part of human lives. They have served as hunters, guards, and pets, and have migrated with humans to multiple continents, including the Americas and Australia. The close relationship between humans and dogs makes dogs a valuable proxy when studying human history. In this study, we use ancient dog remains from the Americas to gain an understanding of their demographic and dietary history, as well as that of humans. Mitochondrial DNA sequences of the hypervariable region of ancient dogs were compared to modern and ancient American dogs to model dog demography and compare populations to identify shared haplotypes. This study identified multiple founding haplotypes, and suggested that dogs arrived to the Americas after the initial human migration. The majority of published ancient American dog DNA sequences is of the hypervariable region, so this comparison gives us the opportunity to look at the largest number of dogs across the Americas. We also sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes), to determine if mitogenome data could be used to confirm the hypotheses made about ancient American dog demography using the hypervariable region. Mitogenome sequences show a higher-resolution perspective on dog diversity, and the longer sequences revealed different aspects of dog demography. We were able to support the hypotheses that suggest that dogs migrated to the Americas with humans, and that dog populations vary in genetic diversity, but were not able to support the hypotheses that ancient and modern dogs show continuity, and that dogs arrived to the Americas later in time. We also found that ancient dog demography mirrors ancient Native American demography in specific regions of North America, such as the Pacific Coast and Southeast. Finally, we assessed the diet in dogs from the American Bottom using both stable isotopes and shotgun sequencing of dog coprolites, and used the findings about dog diet to infer human diet during the Late Woodland and Mississippian periods. We found that dogs (and humans) ate no maize during the Late Woodland Period, but were consuming large amounts of maize as early as 1010 AD, and maize was likely present in the American Bottom by 900 AD. Additionally, Mississippian dogs and humans supplemented their diet of maize with other foods including squash and fish. The analysis of the history of dogs has yielded a wealth of information about how dogs and humans interacted in the Americas. Advisors/Committee Members: Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Malhi%2C%20Ripan%20S%22%29&pagesize-30">Malhi, Ripan S (advisor), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Malhi%2C%20Ripan%20S%22%29&pagesize-30">Malhi, Ripan S (Committee Chair), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Kukekova%2C%20Anna%20V%22%29&pagesize-30">Kukekova, Anna V (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20%20L%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Ambrose%2C%20Stanley%20H%22%29&pagesize-30">Ambrose, Stanley H (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Kemp%2C%20Brian%20M%22%29&pagesize-30">Kemp, Brian M (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Ancient deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA); Domestic dog; Population genetics; Demography; Mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA); Americas; Stable isotopes; Diet

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Witt Dillon, K. E. (2017). A demographic and dietary history of ancient dogs in the Americas using ancient DNA. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/98204

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Witt Dillon, Kelsey E. “A demographic and dietary history of ancient dogs in the Americas using ancient DNA.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/98204.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Witt Dillon, Kelsey E. “A demographic and dietary history of ancient dogs in the Americas using ancient DNA.” 2017. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Witt Dillon KE. A demographic and dietary history of ancient dogs in the Americas using ancient DNA. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/98204.

Council of Science Editors:

Witt Dillon KE. A demographic and dietary history of ancient dogs in the Americas using ancient DNA. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/98204

10. Ganu, Radhika S. Developmental and evolutionary analysis of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase genes.

Degree: PhD, 0191, 2011, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24443

► Methionine (Met) is an essential amino acid because mammals cannot synthesize homocysteine. Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) and BHMT-2 methylate homocysteine to form methionine using betaine and… (more)

▼ Methionine (Met) is an essential amino acid because mammals cannot synthesize homocysteine. Betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT) and BHMT-2 methylate homocysteine to form methionine using betaine and S-methylmethionine, respectively. Betaine is produced de novo from choline and is also found in the diet, whereas S-methylmethionine is only made in plants and fungi and so must be obtained from the diet. These enzyme activities are only be detected in the liver of adult rodents, but in adult humans and pigs, these activities are found in both the liver and kidney cortex. Since both pigs and humans are omnivores and share the same pattern of BHMT and BHMT-2 expression, the pig represents an excellent model for studying the physiological roles of these enzymes in human biology. As a prelude to investigating the influence of diet and development on the expression of porcine BHMT and BHMT-2, their full-length cDNAs were cloned and sequenced, and their corresponding genes were characterized. The genes are adjacent to each other on the same chromosome, and to study the evolutionary relationship between them, all the available sequences from 37 species of deuterostomes were analyzed. Unlike BHMT, the BHMT-2 gene is not found in sea urchins, amphibians, reptiles and birds, indicating it was derived from BHMT following a gene duplication event in mammals. These findings imply that the BHMT-2 gene may offer an advantage to mammals in scavenging Met from the environment. As expected based on enzyme activity data from humans and pigs, BHMT and BHMT-2 mRNAs were observed to be highly expressed in liver and kidney cortex, whereas there is comparatively very little expression in other organs. The BHMT mRNA was higher in liver than kidney cortex (3:2 ratio), but the BHMT-2 mRNA was more abundant in kidney cortex than liver (3:1 ratio). The expression of BHMT mRNA was studied further. A total of ten different BHMT splice variants were observed in adult liver, kidney cortex, kidney medulla, lungs, heart, brain and fetal lungs. These included two variants that if translated would encode a truncated form of BHMT. BHMT mRNA expression was quantified during development at gestational week 30 (G30), G45, G90, and adult tissues. BHMT was low in G30 whole embryos, but was found to be easily quantifiable and progressively increased in the liver and kidney at and after G45. BHMT activity also progressively increased with age in both organs. The truncated transcripts represented ~10% of the total BHMT mRNA in the G30 fetus, the G45 liver and adult liver and kidney cortex. A computer-generated model of the truncated BHMT protein revealed a horseshoe fold structure of the protein, but the function of this putative protein is unknown. Using bisulfite sequencing, three CpG sites and the promoter region of the BHMT gene were identified that were more methylated in adult lungs compared to adult liver, suggesting that DNA methylation may be an important factor in the regulation of BHMT expression during development. Advisors/Committee Members: Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Schook%2C%20Lawrence%20B.%22%29&pagesize-30">Schook, Lawrence B. (advisor), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Swanson%2C%20Kelly%20S.%22%29&pagesize-30">Swanson, Kelly S. (Committee Chair), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Schook%2C%20Lawrence%20B.%22%29&pagesize-30">Schook, Lawrence B. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Garrow%2C%20Timothy%20A.%22%29&pagesize-30">Garrow, Timothy A. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L.%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Nakamura%2C%20Manabu%20T.%22%29&pagesize-30">Nakamura, Manabu T. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: BHMT BHMT-2 pig

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ganu, R. S. (2011). Developmental and evolutionary analysis of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase genes. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24443

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ganu, Radhika S. “Developmental and evolutionary analysis of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase genes.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24443.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ganu, Radhika S. “Developmental and evolutionary analysis of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase genes.” 2011. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ganu RS. Developmental and evolutionary analysis of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase genes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24443.

Council of Science Editors:

Ganu RS. Developmental and evolutionary analysis of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase genes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/24443

11. Gomez Zapata, Andres. The gut microbiome of the western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla): implications for overall ecology.

Degree: PhD, 0002, 2014, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/50683

► Our closest evolutionary relatives, non-human primates, display a breadth of behavioral, anatomical and physiological adaptations, which allow them to exploit a myriad of habitats. Detailed… (more)

▼ Our closest evolutionary relatives, non-human primates, display a breadth of behavioral, anatomical and physiological adaptations, which allow them to exploit a myriad of habitats. Detailed representation of these adaptive tools has constituted the basis of our knowledge of primate ecology and evolution. Nonetheless, gut bacteria, which play central roles in the physiological adaptability of mammals, have been usually overlooked in primate studies. Here, I use a combination of high throughput molecular approaches to study the compositional and functional landscape of gut bacterial communities in western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla). This primate species exhibits a set of unique ecological features that make it ideal to test hypotheses of how primates respond to change and the extent to which gut bacteria have impacted primate fitness, ecological plasticity, and evolution. In chapter 1, I review the main dynamics that define the ecological organization of western lowland gorillas, with an emphasis on diet as a major driver behind these factors. Conversely, I highlight why the characterization of gut microbial communities is key to further expand our current knowledge of gorilla ecology. In chapter 2, I present a view on how gut bacterial community composition in lowland gorillas can be understood through their macro-ecological interactions; including their relationships with humans. I further highlight the role of diet on governing gorilla ecology and gut bacterial communities by showing that gut metabolomic profiles mirror foraging behaviors. Chapter 3 follows a longitudinal approach to show that gut bacteria composition and function shift as gorillas face foraging challenges associated to energy harvest across seasons. As such, I propose that, along with behavioral and physiological adaptations, gut bacteria contribute significantly to gorilla foraging plasticity. In chapter 4, a compositional and functional comparison with gut bacterial communities in mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) is used as model to reconcile the evolutionary aspects of primate diversity and cosmopolitanism, through the contributions of gut bacterial communities. As such, we argue that species-specific microbiome arrangements largely reflect dietary signals and particular niche adaptations in the course of primate evolution Finally, chapter 5 summarizes the main bullet points that highlight the importance of gut bacteria in gorilla ecology. It provides prospectus of relevant primate ecology issues that can be addressed through the molecular characterization gut bacterial communities as far as nutritional ecology, physiological status and intra and interspecific interactions. Advisors/Committee Members: Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22White%2C%20Bryan%20A.%22%29&pagesize-30">White, Bryan A. (advisor), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22White%2C%20Bryan%20A.%22%29&pagesize-30">White, Bryan A. (Committee Chair), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Leigh%2C%20Steven%20R.%22%29&pagesize-30">Leigh, Steven R. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Bollero%2C%20German%20A.%22%29&pagesize-30">Bollero, German A. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Swanson%2C%20Kelly%20S.%22%29&pagesize-30">Swanson, Kelly S. (committee member), Champaign%22%20%2Bcontributor%3A%28%22Roca%2C%20Alfred%20L.%22%29&pagesize-30">Roca, Alfred L. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Gorilla; Microbiome; Ecology; Conservation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gomez Zapata, A. (2014). The gut microbiome of the western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla): implications for overall ecology. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/50683

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gomez Zapata, Andres. “The gut microbiome of the western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla): implications for overall ecology.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/50683.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gomez Zapata, Andres. “The gut microbiome of the western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla): implications for overall ecology.” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gomez Zapata A. The gut microbiome of the western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla): implications for overall ecology. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/50683.

Council of Science Editors:

Gomez Zapata A. The gut microbiome of the western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla): implications for overall ecology. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/50683

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