+publisher:"University of Guelph" +contributor:("Foster, Robert")

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University of Guelph

1. Ingrao, Joelle. The Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Efficacy of Oral Carprofen in the Laboratory Mouse.

Degree: Doctor of Veterinary Science, Department of Pathobiology, 2014, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8506

► Provision of analgesia to laboratory mice can be challenging, and administration of analgesics via the water bottle is attractive in that it diminishes the time,… (more)

▼ Provision of analgesia to laboratory mice can be challenging, and administration of analgesics via the water bottle is attractive in that it diminishes the time, training, skill, animal stress, and costs associated with other methods. The current study aimed to determine whether carprofen could be administered to mice via the drinking water by assessing stability, palatability, and clinical efficacy following ovariectomy. We demonstrated that both injectable meloxicam and carprofen are stable for 7 d in ambient light at room temperature, in dark at room temperature, and in dark at 4 °C. Carprofen is palatable to mice when administered via the drinking water, whereas meloxicam-medicated water is non-palatable. Mice drink an average of 18.4 mL of carprofen-medicated water / 100 g body weight / 24 h, and drink more in the dark phase compared to the light. Following a single oral gavage of 10 mg/kg carprofen, peak plasma concentration (20.3 +/- 2.4 μg/mL) occurs at 2 h post-administration. With access to a carprofen-medicated water bottle (10 mg/kg, 0.067 mg/mL), a comparable peak plasma concentration (17.0 +/- 2.9 μg/ml) is achieved following 12 to 24 h exposure. In order to assess clinical efficacy, mice received 10 or 20 mg/kg carprofen subcutaneously (immediately postoperative) or gained access to a carprofen-medicated water bottle for 24 h prior to ovariectomy. No significant behavioural changes were detected between treatment groups postoperatively. Following ovariectomy, pain was detected up to 1 h postoperatively, using facial grimacing as an indicator of pain. In comparison to control mice that did not undergo anesthesia or surgery, grimacing was reduced in duration in mice receiving 10 or 20 mg/kg carprofen subcutaneously or orally. However, no overall statistically significant difference could be detected between treatment groups using the Mouse Grimace Scale. Administration of 20 mg/kg carprofen subcutaneously or orally resulted in no significant difference in behavioural changes or facial grimacing compared to saline administration, which may be in part due to insufficient dose. The current study emphasizes the need for further evaluation of the clinical efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory doses in mice prior to administration. Administration of carprofen via the water may be a feasible and efficacious method to administer analgesics to laboratory mice; however, further studies are required to determine optimal doses to achieve sufficient analgesia, particularly across a wide range of painful procedures. Advisors/Committee Members: Foster, Robert (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: carprofen; meloxicam; analgesia; mouse grimace scale; behaviour

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ingrao, J. (2014). The Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Efficacy of Oral Carprofen in the Laboratory Mouse. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8506

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ingrao, Joelle. “The Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Efficacy of Oral Carprofen in the Laboratory Mouse.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Guelph. Accessed March 03, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8506.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ingrao, Joelle. “The Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Efficacy of Oral Carprofen in the Laboratory Mouse.” 2014. Web. 03 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ingrao J. The Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Efficacy of Oral Carprofen in the Laboratory Mouse. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 03]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8506.

Council of Science Editors:

Ingrao J. The Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Efficacy of Oral Carprofen in the Laboratory Mouse. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2014. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8506

University of Guelph

2. Ratsep, Emily. Kid Mortality on Ontario Goat Farms.

Degree: Doctor of Veterinary Science, Department of Pathobiology, 2020, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/21199

► Ontario dairy goat producers identified neonatal mortality as a major economic and welfare issue, estimating that 20-30% of kids die prior to weaning. The actual… (more)

▼ Ontario dairy goat producers identified neonatal mortality as a major economic and welfare issue, estimating that 20-30% of kids die prior to weaning. The actual level of Canadian dairy kid mortality and their main causes of death are unknown. There is scant data published from other countries. To address this lack of data, provide a mortality rate, and identify the causes of mortality for various age ranges, a questionnaire was mailed to 125 randomly sampled Ontario dairy goat producers. From consenting respondents, a final random sample of 27 farms (stratified by region and lactating herd size) participated in a cohort study over a 12-month period. During this period, postmortem examinations were performed on all kids that died between 0 and 120 days of age; abortions and stillbirths were excluded. A subsample of 22 % had ancillary testing performed. Results from 819 postmortems from 27 farms indicate that 10.9 % of kids died between 0 and 48 hours of age, 14.4 % died between 48 hours and 7 days of age, 60.0 % died between 7-56 days and 14.8% died between 56-120 days of age, with variation in cause of death by age group. Overall causes of death were pneumonia (36.0 %), diarrhea/enteritis (20.4 %), septicemia (17.3 %), and starvation (13.7 %), with other categories (in decreasing order of frequency) being: premature/small/weak, mesenteric/abomasal torsion, trauma, open as to cause of death, abomasal disease, dystocia, congenital deformity, disbudding injury, impaction, polyserositis, iatrogenic and encephalitis each causing less than 3.3 % of deaths. Pathogens identified from pneumonia cases included Mannheimia spp. and Mycoplasma spp.; Coxiella burnetii was found in the lungs of perinatal kids. Pathogens identified from diarrhea/enteritis cases were primarily Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens. Results indicate that infectious diseases, pneumonia, diarrhea/enteritis, and septicemia, are the most prevalent causes of death for kids up to 4 months old in Ontario herds. The majority of deaths occurred in kids >48 hours old. This study will benefit the health of the dairy goat industry in Ontario, and internationally, by providing the rate and causes of mortality at various ages in Ontario dairy goat kids. Advisors/Committee Members: Foster, Robert (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: goat; mortality; dairy; postmortem; neonatal; pneumonia; dairy goat; kid mortality; Ontario; mortality rate; diarrhea; septicemia; cause of death

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ratsep, E. (2020). Kid Mortality on Ontario Goat Farms. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/21199

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ratsep, Emily. “Kid Mortality on Ontario Goat Farms.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Guelph. Accessed March 03, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/21199.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ratsep, Emily. “Kid Mortality on Ontario Goat Farms.” 2020. Web. 03 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ratsep E. Kid Mortality on Ontario Goat Farms. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 03]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/21199.

Council of Science Editors:

Ratsep E. Kid Mortality on Ontario Goat Farms. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2020. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/21199

University of Guelph

3. Thompson, Jennifer Jane. Canine Mast Cell Tumours: Characterization of Subcutaneous Tumours and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Profiling.

Degree: PhD, Department of Pathobiology, 2012, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/3652

► This work explored features of canine mast cell tumours (MCT) to improve prognosis and to discover potential therapeutic targets. Subcutaneous MCT - a subset of… (more)

▼ This work explored features of canine mast cell tumours (MCT) to improve prognosis and to discover potential therapeutic targets. Subcutaneous MCT - a subset of these tumours arising in the subcutis - are usually grouped with cutaneous MCT, but there is evidence that they may be clinically different. The first objective was to develop a grading scheme for subcutaneous MCT. Over 300 canine subcutaneous MCT were evaluated retrospectively and parameters were correlated with clinical outcomes, making this the largest retrospective survival study of these tumours to date. The results of the study showed that the majority of subcutaneous MCT had excellent outcomes and key prognostic markers were identified (mitotic index, surgical margins and degree of infiltration). A subset of the subcutaneous MCT from the retrospective study was further evaluated to assess the cellular localization of KIT - a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) which is dysregulated and constitutively activated in some cutaneous MCT - as well as Ki67, a proliferation marker. In addition, evaluation of mutations of c-KIT, the gene for KIT, was determined for each MCT. Cytoplasmic KIT localization and high Ki67 values were predictive of decreased survival time and time to local reoccurrence, but no c-KIT mutations were detected. The majority of canine MCT do not appear to depend solely upon KIT for tumour progression and few other RTK targets have been studied in canine MCT. Based on evidence that vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) - may play a role in the progression of canine MCT; the expression and distribution of these RTK were evaluated. The results showed that canine MCT have unique expression profiles and activity of KIT, VEGFR2 and PDGFR. Two novel mast cell tumour cell lines were generated and used to assess signalling of KIT and VEGFR2 in vitro. Stimulatory and inhibitory responses were assessed and found to be different in both cell lines. Both had autophosphorylated VEGFR2 and an autocrine VEGF/VEGFR2 signalling pathway existed for both cell lines. These findings are unique and the first that identify autocrine VEGF signalling as a possible survival mechanism for canine MCT. Advisors/Committee Members: Foster, Robert A (advisor), Coomber, Brenda L (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: canine; mast cell tumour; KIT; survival; c-KIT; VEGFR; PDGFR

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Thompson, J. J. (2012). Canine Mast Cell Tumours: Characterization of Subcutaneous Tumours and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Profiling. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/3652

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Thompson, Jennifer Jane. “Canine Mast Cell Tumours: Characterization of Subcutaneous Tumours and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Profiling.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Guelph. Accessed March 03, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/3652.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Thompson, Jennifer Jane. “Canine Mast Cell Tumours: Characterization of Subcutaneous Tumours and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Profiling.” 2012. Web. 03 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Thompson JJ. Canine Mast Cell Tumours: Characterization of Subcutaneous Tumours and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Profiling. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 03]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/3652.

Council of Science Editors:

Thompson JJ. Canine Mast Cell Tumours: Characterization of Subcutaneous Tumours and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Profiling. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2012. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/3652

4. Knight, Britta. Novel Prognostic and Predictive Markers for Canine Mast Cell Tumours.

Degree: Doctor of Veterinary Science, Department of Pathobiology, 2019, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/15932

► Mast cell tumours (MCTs) are the most common skin tumour of the dog, representing approximately 21% of all cutaneous tumours. Accurately predicting behaviour is critical… (more)

▼ Mast cell tumours (MCTs) are the most common skin tumour of the dog, representing approximately 21% of all cutaneous tumours. Accurately predicting behaviour is critical in directing patient therapy, especially in canine MCTs as they range from benign to a fatal systemic disease. Grading is useful for prognosis, but it cannot predict the behaviour of each MCT. We hypothesized that biomarker staining in tumour tissues will correlate with patient outcome. A clinically annotated tissue microarray of primary, recurrent, and metastatic cutaneous canine MCTs (with and without adjunctive treatment) was created and high-throughput immunohistochemical staining profiling of 244 tumours from 189 dogs was performed. Total staining of KIT, a receptor tyrosine kinase that is an important driver of MCTs, was not prognostic. Mast cell tryptase levels were found to be prognostic in low-grade MCTs, with low tryptase-expressing tumours having a decreased time to recurrence and/or metastasis compared to high-tryptase expressing tumours. Two other proteins involved in protein degradation pathways were also investigated: c-CBL, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that also functions as an adaptor protein to regulate signaling pathways, and beclin-1, an autophagy protein. High c-CBL expressing tumours had a decreased MCT-related survival time in primary, adjunctive therapy treated, subcutaneous MCTs. Beclin-1 staining level was a strong predictive biomarker for cutaneous MCTs. High beclin-1 expressing tumours showed poor response to adjunctive treatment compared to low beclin-1 expressing tumours, especially for high-grade or high mitotic count tumours. These findings will hopefully improve our ability to prognosticate MCTs and help decide whether to pursue adjunctive treatment. Importantly, this is the first evidence that autophagy inhibitors may be useful in improving response to treatment for dogs with high-grade MCTs. Advisors/Committee Members: Foster, Robert (advisor), Coomber, Brenda (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: beclin-1; dog; mast cell tumour; predictive biomarker; survival; tissue microarray; tryptase; KIT; c-CBL

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Knight, B. (2019). Novel Prognostic and Predictive Markers for Canine Mast Cell Tumours. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/15932

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Knight, Britta. “Novel Prognostic and Predictive Markers for Canine Mast Cell Tumours.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Guelph. Accessed March 03, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/15932.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Knight, Britta. “Novel Prognostic and Predictive Markers for Canine Mast Cell Tumours.” 2019. Web. 03 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Knight B. Novel Prognostic and Predictive Markers for Canine Mast Cell Tumours. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 03]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/15932.

Council of Science Editors:

Knight B. Novel Prognostic and Predictive Markers for Canine Mast Cell Tumours. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2019. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/15932

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