+publisher:"University of Arkansas" +contributor:("Dirk Philipp")

University of Arkansas

1. Niyigena, Valens. Strategies to Improve Forage Utilization by Sheep Offered Forage Mixtures.

Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3515

► In the first experiment, alfalfa and novel endophyte-infected tall fescue (NE+) forages were harvested after a killing frost, then mixed to formulate 4 different… (more)

▼ In the first experiment, alfalfa and novel endophyte-infected tall fescue (NE+) forages were harvested after a killing frost, then mixed to formulate 4 different treatments; alfalfa alone, 67% alfalfa +33% fescue, 33% alfalfa + 67% fescue, or 100% fescue. After 3 months of storage as silage, Dorper ewe lambs (n = 20; mean BW = 34.7 ± 6.65 kg) were fed silage for ad libitum consumption, using 5 animals per treatment. Increasing the proportion of NE+ tall fescue improved (P < 0.05) silage total acids and lactic acid concentrations and decreased silage ammonia concentration. Digestible dry matter and organic matter intake and nitrogen utilization parameters decreased with increasing inclusion of NE+ in diet. In the second experiment, 16 Dorper ewe lambs (41.8 ± 4.61 kg BW) were assigned to 4 different treatments; alfalfa silage alone (0 g/kg; CONT) or alfalfa silage mixed with chopped sericea lespedeza (SL) hay to provide 90 (LOW), 180 (MED), or 270 g/kg SL (HIGH) on a dry matter basis in a randomized complete block design experiment with 2 period to provide 4 observations per treatment for each experimental period. Increasing the proportion of sericea lespedeza in the diet decreased dry matter and organic matter digestibility but did not affect feed intake. Fecal nitrogen (g/kg N intake) increased linearly (P < 0.01) while urinary N (g/ day and g/ kg of N intake) tended to decreased linearly and quadratically (P ≤ 0.1) with increasing the proportion of SL in diet. In the third experiments, 16 gestating Dorper ewe lambs (49.1 ± 4.61 kg BW) were allocated to 4 treatments; alfalfa silage alone (0% g/kg; CONT) or alfalfa silage mixed with lablab purpureus(LP) hay to provide 90 (LOW), 180 (MED), or 270 g/kg LP (HIGH) on a dry matter (DM) basis, in a randomized complete block design experiment with a total 8 replication per treatment. Supplementation of LP in diet increased quadratically (P ≤ 0.04) forage dry matter, organic matter intake, digestible dry matter and digestible organic matter intake (P < 0.05). Nitrogen apparently absorbed and urinary N both decreased linearly (P < 0.01) with adding more LP hay in diet. Harvesting and mixing alfalfa and fescue after a killing frost improved silage fermentation characteristics and supplementation of tannins from SL and polyphenol from LP altered N excretion. Key words: lablab, sericea lespedeza, alfalfa silage, nitrogen, sheep. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth P. Coffey, Dirk Philipp, Mary Cathleen Savin.

Subjects/Keywords: alfalfa silage; animal performance; dietary manipulation; environmental impact; lablab; nitrogen; ruminants; sericea lespedeza; sheep; sustainability; tannin; Animal Studies; Natural Resources and Conservation; Sheep and Goat Science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Niyigena, V. (2019). Strategies to Improve Forage Utilization by Sheep Offered Forage Mixtures. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3515

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Niyigena, Valens. “Strategies to Improve Forage Utilization by Sheep Offered Forage Mixtures.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arkansas. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3515.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Niyigena, Valens. “Strategies to Improve Forage Utilization by Sheep Offered Forage Mixtures.” 2019. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Niyigena V. Strategies to Improve Forage Utilization by Sheep Offered Forage Mixtures. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arkansas; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3515.

Council of Science Editors:

Niyigena V. Strategies to Improve Forage Utilization by Sheep Offered Forage Mixtures. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arkansas; 2019. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3515

University of Arkansas

2. Smith, William Brandon. Effect of Limit-Fed Co-Product Feedstuffs on Production, Digestion, Fermentation and Rumen Function in Beef Cattle.

Degree: MS, 2014, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2358

► In terms of energy density, the cost of shipping hay is often not justified in yr where adverse conditions limit available forage. Our objective… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Co-product Feedstuffs; Distiller's Grains; Limit-feeding; Rumen Function; Rumen Recovery; Soybean Hulls; Food Processing; Meat Science; Nutrition

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smith, W. B. (2014). Effect of Limit-Fed Co-Product Feedstuffs on Production, Digestion, Fermentation and Rumen Function in Beef Cattle. (Masters Thesis). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2358

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smith, William Brandon. “Effect of Limit-Fed Co-Product Feedstuffs on Production, Digestion, Fermentation and Rumen Function in Beef Cattle.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Arkansas. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2358.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smith, William Brandon. “Effect of Limit-Fed Co-Product Feedstuffs on Production, Digestion, Fermentation and Rumen Function in Beef Cattle.” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Smith WB. Effect of Limit-Fed Co-Product Feedstuffs on Production, Digestion, Fermentation and Rumen Function in Beef Cattle. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2358.

Council of Science Editors:

Smith WB. Effect of Limit-Fed Co-Product Feedstuffs on Production, Digestion, Fermentation and Rumen Function in Beef Cattle. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2014. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2358

University of Arkansas

3. Madzonga, Zibani. Intake, Digestibility, Insitu Disappearance and Ruminal Fermentation of Bermuda Grass Hay by Lactating Beef Cows Offered Corn or Hominy Feed as Supplements.

Degree: MS, 2012, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/354

► Hominy feed, a co-product of dry corn milling, has been evaluated to a limited extent in feedlot and dairy rations, but has not been… (more)

▼ Hominy feed, a co-product of dry corn milling, has been evaluated to a limited extent in feedlot and dairy rations, but has not been evaluated as a supplemental energy source for lactating beef cows. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of level of hominy feed supplementation on intake, digestibility, in situ DM disappearance, and ruminal fermentation characteristics of medium quality bermudagrass hay. Five ruminally cannulated lactating beef cows (BW = 596 kg, SE = 13.9) were used in an experiment with a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Treatments were low hominy (LH; 0.25% of BW), medium hominy (MH; 0.50% of BW), low corn (LC; 0.25% of BW), medium corn (MC; 0.50% of BW) and no supplement (CONT). The cows were housed individually. Supplements were offered at 0800 daily. Hay was offered to maintain 10% refusal and orts were collected daily. Fresh water was offered for ad libitum consumption. A mineral supplement was offered daily. Titanium dioxide was used as an external marker. Fecal samples were collected twice daily to estimate fecal output. Five consecutive 16 d periods were used, with 10 d for adaptation. Forage ruminal DM disappearance was measured using Dacron bags. Ruminal fluid was sampled on d 14 of each period to measure pH and for analysis of concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and rumen ammonia-N. Hay dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected (P = 0.35) by supplement. Total DMI (kg/d and % of BW) were greater (P < 0.05) for MC and MH compared with the other treatments. Dry matter digestibility did not differ (P = 0.37) among treatments but MC and MH had greater (P < 0.05) digestible DMI compared with CONT and LC. Hay fraction B (potentially degradable DM) was greater (P < 0.05) for LH and MC compared with MH. Mean ruminal pH tended (P = 0.07) to be greater for LC and CONT compared with LH. Ruminal ammonia-N and total VFA concentrations were not affected (P ≥ 0.77) by supplements. Hominy feed and corn were similar as supplemental feedstuffs for lactating beef cows offered bermudagrass hay. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth P. Coffey, Elizabeth B. Kegley, Dirk Philipp.

Subjects/Keywords: Health and environmental sciences; Biological sciences; Corn; Digestibility; Fermentation; Hominy; Insitu; Intake; Dairy Science; Other Nutrition

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APA (6^th Edition):

Madzonga, Z. (2012). Intake, Digestibility, Insitu Disappearance and Ruminal Fermentation of Bermuda Grass Hay by Lactating Beef Cows Offered Corn or Hominy Feed as Supplements. (Masters Thesis). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/354

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Madzonga, Zibani. “Intake, Digestibility, Insitu Disappearance and Ruminal Fermentation of Bermuda Grass Hay by Lactating Beef Cows Offered Corn or Hominy Feed as Supplements.” 2012. Masters Thesis, University of Arkansas. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/354.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Madzonga, Zibani. “Intake, Digestibility, Insitu Disappearance and Ruminal Fermentation of Bermuda Grass Hay by Lactating Beef Cows Offered Corn or Hominy Feed as Supplements.” 2012. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Madzonga Z. Intake, Digestibility, Insitu Disappearance and Ruminal Fermentation of Bermuda Grass Hay by Lactating Beef Cows Offered Corn or Hominy Feed as Supplements. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/354.

Council of Science Editors:

Madzonga Z. Intake, Digestibility, Insitu Disappearance and Ruminal Fermentation of Bermuda Grass Hay by Lactating Beef Cows Offered Corn or Hominy Feed as Supplements. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2012. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/354

University of Arkansas

4. Kanani, Juvenal. Evaluation of Internal Markers for Predicting Digestibility and Fecal Output by Cattle Fed Bermudagrass Hays of Varying Quality.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/508

► The potential of in situ rumen undegradable dry matter (RUDM), indigestible neutral-detergent fiber (INDF), indigestible acid-detergent fiber (IADF), acid-detergent insoluble ash (ADIA), alkaline-peroxide lignin… (more)

▼ The potential of in situ rumen undegradable dry matter (RUDM), indigestible neutral-detergent fiber (INDF), indigestible acid-detergent fiber (IADF), acid-detergent insoluble ash (ADIA), alkaline-peroxide lignin (APL), and acid-detergent lignin (ADL) to predict digestibility (DMD) and fecal output (FO) by cattle fed bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] hay-diets categorized by their low (L), medium low (ML), medium high (MH), or high (H) CP concentrations (79, 111, 131, and 164 g/kg DM, respectively) was evaluated. The second objective was to evaluate the effects of time (0600, 1200, 1800, and 2400 h) of fecal sampling on the prediction of FO and DMD. A replicated 4 × 4 Latin-Square with one period missing was employed where diets were offered in three 15-d periods to provide 2 replicates per diet per period (n = 24). Actual DMI, FO, and DMD were determined based on hay offered, orts, and feces excreted. Hay, orts, and feces were analyzed for RUDM, INDF, IADF, ADL, APL, and ADIA concentrations. Fecal recoveries of internal markers were expressed as the ratio of the quantity of marker excreted per unit of marker consumed. Estimate of FO and DMD were calculated by the marker ratio technique. All in situ markers and ADL recoveries differed from 1. Estimates of DMD were underestimated while FO estimates were overestimated for all in situ markers. Recovery of APL tended to differ from 1, but ADIA recovery was not different from 1. Estimates of FO and DMD derived using APL and ADIA were not different from TC. Time of sampling affected the concentration of IADFa while ADIA and APL concentrations in fecal samples were not different. Estimates of FO and DMD by all fecal sampling times and their different combinations were not different from actual FO and DMD. Therefore APL and ADIA have the potential to predict FO and DMD of bermudagrass of various qualities fed to cattle and fecal sampling time may not be an issue when using internal markers. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth P. Coffey, Dirk Philipp, Elizabeth B. Kegley.

Subjects/Keywords: Biological sciences; Beef cattle; Bermudagrass; Digestibility; Fecal sampling time; Internal marker; Animal Studies; Other Animal Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kanani, J. (2012). Evaluation of Internal Markers for Predicting Digestibility and Fecal Output by Cattle Fed Bermudagrass Hays of Varying Quality. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/508

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kanani, Juvenal. “Evaluation of Internal Markers for Predicting Digestibility and Fecal Output by Cattle Fed Bermudagrass Hays of Varying Quality.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arkansas. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/508.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kanani, Juvenal. “Evaluation of Internal Markers for Predicting Digestibility and Fecal Output by Cattle Fed Bermudagrass Hays of Varying Quality.” 2012. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kanani J. Evaluation of Internal Markers for Predicting Digestibility and Fecal Output by Cattle Fed Bermudagrass Hays of Varying Quality. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arkansas; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/508.

Council of Science Editors:

Kanani J. Evaluation of Internal Markers for Predicting Digestibility and Fecal Output by Cattle Fed Bermudagrass Hays of Varying Quality. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arkansas; 2012. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/508

University of Arkansas

5. Briggs, Bradley Edward. The Impact of Selected Forage Legumes on Cattle Performance, Forage Production, and Soil Quality, and Evaluation of Legume Persistence under Grazing.

Degree: MS, 2012, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/529

► Interest in substituting legumes for N fertilizer in beef cattle grazing systems has recently increased with rising fertilizer prices. Legumes are well known for… (more)

▼ Interest in substituting legumes for N fertilizer in beef cattle grazing systems has recently increased with rising fertilizer prices. Legumes are well known for their ability to fix atmospheric N and decrease dependence on input of N fertilizer. However, there are still difficulties associated with legume utilization including establishment and persistence. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate legume performance under herbivory. The objective of Experiment 1 was to compare forage production and beef cattle gains from annual ryegrass [Lolium multiflorum (L.)] and bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] pastures fertilized with N or overseeded with legumes. Gelbvieh × Angus crossbred heifers (n = 40; average of 264 ± 45.62 kg initial BW) were assigned to one of eight, 2-ha pastures in the spring of each of the three years of the study. All pastures were overseeded with `Marshall' annual ryegrass, and were not seeded with any clover (Con) or overseeded with `Dixie' crimson clover [(C; Trifolium incarnatum (L.)], `Osceola' white clover [L; Trifolium repens (L.)], or a combination of crimson clover and white clover (CL). Grazing initiated early- to mid-spring and continued until early- to mid-May. Total body weight (BW) gain was greater (P < 0.05) in the spring season for Con compared to the legume treatments. However, average daily gain (ADG) was not different (P > 0.05) in spring, and there were no differences (P > 0.05) in total BW gain or ADG in summer. Although clovers may not be able to entirely eliminate the need for N fertilizer, they may help reduce dependency on it by aiding in the production of cattle having similar BW gains to cattle grazing traditionally fertilized pastures. The objective of Experiment 2 was to monitor the persistence of three annual and three perennial legume species overseeded into common bermudagrass pastures that were rotationally stocked. The three annual species were crimson clover (cv. Dixie), arrowleaf clover [Trifolium vesiculosum (Savi), cv. Yucchi], and hairy vetch [Vicia villosa (Roth), cv. VNS]. The three perennial species were white clover (cv. Durana), red clover [Trifolium pretense (L.), cv. Cinnamon Plus], and alfalfa [Medicago sativa (L.), cv. Ameristand 403T]. Annual clovers were managed to reseed themselves. Crimson clover persisted two years and all other annul species for three years. Among perennial legumes, only white and red clovers persisted for three years, while alfalfa stands disappeared after the second year of the study. The frequency of occurrence of weeds and other undesirable plants generally increased each year while legume populations declined in all six clover treatments. In order to maintain healthy and dense legume populations in grazing systems, it may be necessary to develop and adopt aggressive weed control strategies using chemical compounds including improved grazing management strategies. Advisors/Committee Members: Dirk Philipp, Kenneth Coffey, Mary Savin.

Subjects/Keywords: Biological sciences; Cattle; Legumes; Nitrogen; Agricultural Education; Agronomy and Crop Sciences; Meat Science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Briggs, B. E. (2012). The Impact of Selected Forage Legumes on Cattle Performance, Forage Production, and Soil Quality, and Evaluation of Legume Persistence under Grazing. (Masters Thesis). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/529

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Briggs, Bradley Edward. “The Impact of Selected Forage Legumes on Cattle Performance, Forage Production, and Soil Quality, and Evaluation of Legume Persistence under Grazing.” 2012. Masters Thesis, University of Arkansas. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/529.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Briggs, Bradley Edward. “The Impact of Selected Forage Legumes on Cattle Performance, Forage Production, and Soil Quality, and Evaluation of Legume Persistence under Grazing.” 2012. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Briggs BE. The Impact of Selected Forage Legumes on Cattle Performance, Forage Production, and Soil Quality, and Evaluation of Legume Persistence under Grazing. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/529.

Council of Science Editors:

Briggs BE. The Impact of Selected Forage Legumes on Cattle Performance, Forage Production, and Soil Quality, and Evaluation of Legume Persistence under Grazing. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2012. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/529

University of Arkansas

6. Boles, Eric. A Cradle to Farm Gate Life Cycle Analysis of Water Use in U.S. Pork Production.

Degree: MS, 2014, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1014

► The intent of this study was to analyze water use across a range of regions, scales and practices of the U.S. pork industry. A… (more)

▼ The intent of this study was to analyze water use across a range of regions, scales and practices of the U.S. pork industry. A Life Cycle Assessment of water use within the pork supply chain was performed. Cumulative water use was the environmental impact category used in the LCA to evaluate the impacts of pork production processes throughout the pork supply chain. The functional unit for the analysis was the volume of water required to produce one kilogram of swine (live weight) at the farm gate. A comprehensive literature review was used to design and propagate algorithms for the National Pork Board Pig Production Environmental Footprint Calculator (version 2.0). The outputs from the calculator were used to generate lifecycle inventory inputs for unit processes in SimaPro (Pre' Consultants, The Netherlands), an LCA modeling program. The LCA method was then used to assess the water footprint for swine production from cradle to farm gate production scenarios. There were 240 different scenarios analyzed that were a combination of ten regions, three production strategies and three scales. The grow/finish barn phase of the on farm water footprint requires approximately five times as much water as the sow and nursery barns irrespective of the barn infrastructure. Water used to irrigate swine feed crops contributed 89% of the total cradle to farm gate footprint. Since all 240 scenarios were analyzed with the same ration inputs, the final footprints did not vary drastically between scenarios. There were small deviations such as tunnel ventilated production systems consistently required more water than hoop barns due to cooling systems in warmer regions. Smaller scale operations consistently had higher water footprints due to economy of scale, although the footprint differences between scales were marginal. Regarding the water use that occurred on the swine farm, drinking water was by far the most significant contributor to the footprint (81%). Production strategies, production scale and region of production were all statistically significant (p < 0.0001) and affected the blue water footprint. This may seem self-evident, but these processes have not been quantified at this scale prior to this analysis. Advisors/Committee Members: Marty Matlock, Thomas A. Costello, Dirk Philipp.

Subjects/Keywords: Social sciences; Biological sciences; Applied sciences; Cradle-to-grave; Footprint; Lca; Pork; Swine; Water; Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering; Fresh Water Studies; Water Resource Management

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APA (6^th Edition):

Boles, E. (2014). A Cradle to Farm Gate Life Cycle Analysis of Water Use in U.S. Pork Production. (Masters Thesis). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1014

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Boles, Eric. “A Cradle to Farm Gate Life Cycle Analysis of Water Use in U.S. Pork Production.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Arkansas. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1014.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Boles, Eric. “A Cradle to Farm Gate Life Cycle Analysis of Water Use in U.S. Pork Production.” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Boles E. A Cradle to Farm Gate Life Cycle Analysis of Water Use in U.S. Pork Production. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1014.

Council of Science Editors:

Boles E. A Cradle to Farm Gate Life Cycle Analysis of Water Use in U.S. Pork Production. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2014. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1014

University of Arkansas

7. Smyth, Erin Leigh. Grass Finishing Systems for Lambs.

Degree: MS, 2015, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1271

► There is strong interest in sustainably produced meat. Grass-fed lamb could fulfill this market by reducing off-farm inputs. The objective was to examine the… (more)

▼ There is strong interest in sustainably produced meat. Grass-fed lamb could fulfill this market by reducing off-farm inputs. The objective was to examine the effect of grass-finishing or minimal supplementation on performance of lambs in the southeastern US. Katahdin lambs born in October 2013 and 2014 and February 2014 were weaned in January 2014/2015 and May 2014, respectively. Lambs were blocked by gender (fall; winter included only ram lambs) and randomly assigned to receive no (NON) or grain co-product supplement (SUP; 15% CP) at 0.5% of BW/d. Lambs were rotationally grazed on predominantly grass. Body weight, fecal egg counts (FEC), packed cell volume (PCV), and body condition score (2014 fall-born lambs only) were determined every 14 d. Winter lambs were removed from the study after 56 d due to poor performance. Live carcass composition was estimated by ultrasound on d 70 of study and when lambs reached light market weight. Data were analyzed by repeated measures in a mixed model. In the 2013 fall-born lambs, average daily gain (ADG) was greater for SUP than NON rams (184 ± 4.9 > 149 ± 5.5 g/d; P = 0.007), but did not differ among ewes (118 vs. 113 ± 5.2 g/d, respectively). The ADG of winter lambs was greater for SUP than NON (44 > 11 ± 9.5 g/d; P = 0.02). The ADG did not differ among treatments in 2014 fall lambs. The FEC tended to be lower in SUP than NON (P < 0.06) in fall 2013 lambs, but PCV was not different. The FEC of winter-born lambs and 2014 fall lambs was similar between treatments, but PCV was increased in SUP compared with NON lambs (27.0 > 25.5 ± 0.4%; P = 0.015; 29.0 > 27.8 ± 0.3%, P = 0.019). Modest supplementation can lead to greater gains and improved tolerance to gastrointestinal parasites for fall-born ram lambs when forage quality is limiting, and high quality forage can result in good weight gain without supplementation in these lambs. Winter or spring-born lambs may not be suitable for a grass-finished system in the southeastern US under these conditions. Advisors/Committee Members: Ken Coffey, Joan M. Burke, Dirk Philipp.

Subjects/Keywords: Biological sciences; Animal sciences; Grass finishing; Sheep production; Animal Studies; Sheep and Goat Science; Sustainability

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Smyth, E. L. (2015). Grass Finishing Systems for Lambs. (Masters Thesis). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1271

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smyth, Erin Leigh. “Grass Finishing Systems for Lambs.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Arkansas. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1271.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smyth, Erin Leigh. “Grass Finishing Systems for Lambs.” 2015. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Smyth EL. Grass Finishing Systems for Lambs. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1271.

Council of Science Editors:

Smyth EL. Grass Finishing Systems for Lambs. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2015. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1271

University of Arkansas

8. Young, Ashley Nicole. Effects of Amino Acid Supplementation of Reduced Crude Protein (RCP) Diets on the Performance and Carcass Quality of Growing-Finishing Swine.

Degree: MS, 2016, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1718

► Barrows and gilts (215/gender) were used to test the effects of synthetic AA supplementation of reduced CP diets on the growth performance and quality… (more)

▼ Barrows and gilts (215/gender) were used to test the effects of synthetic AA supplementation of reduced CP diets on the growth performance and quality characteristics of the LM and the fatty acid composition of the LM and s.c. jowl fat from growing-finishing swine. Pigs were blocked by BW within gender, and allocated randomly to pens (6 pigs/pen) which were then assigned randomly within each block and gender to either corn-SBM diets 1) that were devoid of synthetic lysine (Ctrl); 2) with reduced CP diets where lysine was added to all diets (RCP1); 3) with reduced CP where lysine, threonine, and tryptophan were added to all diets (RCP2); 4) with where lysine, threonine, and tryptophan were added to all diets (RCP3); or 5) with reduced CP diets where lysine, threonine, tryptophan, and isoleucine was added to all diets (RCP4). During finisher phase 3, 10 mg/kg of ractopamine was included in all diets. A subsample of whole pork loins was processed into chops for data collection. Another subsample from the whole pork loin and the s.c. fat from each jowl was freeze dried for fatty acid determination. Gilts had a greater (P = 0.02) (lightness) L* value and drip loss than barrows, but the ultimate pH, marbling, and intramuscular fat (IMF) of the LM were greater (P < 0.04) for barrows than gilts. Color measurements were not affected (P > 0.06) by the RCP diets, with the exception of redness (a*) which increased (P = 0.01) with decreasing CP levels. There were greater (P < 0.001) proportions of SFA in the LM of barrows than the LM from gilts. However, gilts had an increase in PUFA content with decreasing levels of CP in the diet and barrows had a decrease in PUFA content of the LM (P = 0.056). Barrows had greater (P = 0.008) SFA and less (P < 0.001) PUFA content in the jowl fat than gilts. The results point toward the reduced CP diets improving fresh pork quality, especially IMF. Also, pork lean and jowl fat were altered in their fatty acid composition by the reducing dietary CP. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth P. Coffey, Jason K. Apple, Dirk Philipp.

Subjects/Keywords: Biological sciences; Amino acid supplementation; Reduced crude protein; Swine nutrition; Meat Science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Young, A. N. (2016). Effects of Amino Acid Supplementation of Reduced Crude Protein (RCP) Diets on the Performance and Carcass Quality of Growing-Finishing Swine. (Masters Thesis). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1718

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Young, Ashley Nicole. “Effects of Amino Acid Supplementation of Reduced Crude Protein (RCP) Diets on the Performance and Carcass Quality of Growing-Finishing Swine.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Arkansas. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1718.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Young, Ashley Nicole. “Effects of Amino Acid Supplementation of Reduced Crude Protein (RCP) Diets on the Performance and Carcass Quality of Growing-Finishing Swine.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Young AN. Effects of Amino Acid Supplementation of Reduced Crude Protein (RCP) Diets on the Performance and Carcass Quality of Growing-Finishing Swine. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1718.

Council of Science Editors:

Young AN. Effects of Amino Acid Supplementation of Reduced Crude Protein (RCP) Diets on the Performance and Carcass Quality of Growing-Finishing Swine. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2016. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1718

University of Arkansas

9. Niyigena, Valens. Effect of Delayed Wrapping and Wrapping Source on Intake and Digestibility of Alfalfa Silage in Gestating Sheep.

Degree: MS, 2016, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1829

► Baling silage with oxygen can result in dry matter deterioration and reduce silage intake by animals. This study was conducted to investigate the effects… (more)

▼ Baling silage with oxygen can result in dry matter deterioration and reduce silage intake by animals. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of two different wrapping sources and time intervals between baling and wrapping on intake and digestibility of alfalfa silage. The second objective was to assess the correlation of alfalfa silage fermentation parameters with intake and digestibility parameters in gestating sheep. Alfalfa silage was baled in large round bales then wrapped with plastic either with (KURA) or without (SUN) an oxygen-limiting barrier either the day of baling or 1, 2 or 3 d after baling. Beginning in January, silages were chopped and packed into plastic-lined trash containers, then offered randomly for ad libitum consumption to 16 gestating ewes (n = 16; 63.5 ± 1.71 kg BW) to provide 2 observations per treatment for 3 experimental periods. Each period consisted of a 10-d dietary adaptation period followed by 7 d of total fecal and urine collection. Ewes were housed in individual 1 × 1.5-m pens with plastic coated grate flooring and were re-randomized to different treatments each period such that ewes were not offered the same treatment in any period. In general, intake and digestibility measurements were not affected (P ≥ 0.15) by wrap type. Maximum digestible DM and DOMI were from silage wrapped the day following baling (P < 0.05). Correlations between fermentation measurements with intake and digestibility were not strong (r2 < 0.42) however lactic concentrations expressed a greater correlation value (r2 = 0.14) with both DDMI and DOMI compared to other fermentation characteristics. Therefore, wrapping silage beyond 1 day after baling can have detrimental effects on energy status in gestating ewes and desirable fermentation should also result in greater intake of digestible dry and organic matter, and lactic acid concentration was not the best predictor of DDMI and DOMI in sheep. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth P. Coffey, Dirk Philipp, Wayne K. Coblentz.

Subjects/Keywords: Biological sciences; Health and environmental sciences; Alfalfa; Digestibility; Silage; Nutrition; Sheep and Goat Science

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Niyigena, V. (2016). Effect of Delayed Wrapping and Wrapping Source on Intake and Digestibility of Alfalfa Silage in Gestating Sheep. (Masters Thesis). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1829

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Niyigena, Valens. “Effect of Delayed Wrapping and Wrapping Source on Intake and Digestibility of Alfalfa Silage in Gestating Sheep.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Arkansas. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1829.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Niyigena, Valens. “Effect of Delayed Wrapping and Wrapping Source on Intake and Digestibility of Alfalfa Silage in Gestating Sheep.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Niyigena V. Effect of Delayed Wrapping and Wrapping Source on Intake and Digestibility of Alfalfa Silage in Gestating Sheep. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1829.

Council of Science Editors:

Niyigena V. Effect of Delayed Wrapping and Wrapping Source on Intake and Digestibility of Alfalfa Silage in Gestating Sheep. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2016. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1829

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