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University of Arizona
1.
Whiteley, Aaron.
Establishing a Visual Guideline for the Locus of Auditory Cortex in Humans
.
Degree: 2020, University of Arizona
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/641405 
► Given the variability of human brain anatomy, there is a need to develop a guideline for visually identifying important auditory structures. Traditionally, visual guidelines have…
(more)
▼ Given the variability of human brain anatomy, there is a need to develop a guideline for visually identifying important auditory structures. Traditionally, visual guidelines have been taught in order to help clinicians quickly and reliably identify central auditory structures in the brain. However, the reliability of some of these guidelines have been accepted at face value but not necessarily studied extensively. This study examines the location of Heschl’s gyrus along the superior temporal plane and the consistency of the “two-thirds rule” – which states that Heschl’s gyrus appears in the most posterior third of the superior temporal plane. Heschl’s gyrus and intra-hemispheric measures along the superior temporal plane are examined, with new data reported. The relationship between the two-thirds rule and other variables such as: gender, hemisphere, the angle of Heschl’s gyrus, the number of Heschl’s gyri, and the type of ascending ramus are observed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Musiek, Frank (advisor), Velenovsky, David (committeemember), Kielar, Aneta (committeemember), Hartley, Michael (committeemember).
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APA (6th Edition):
Whiteley, A. (2020). Establishing a Visual Guideline for the Locus of Auditory Cortex in Humans
. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/641405
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Whiteley, Aaron. “Establishing a Visual Guideline for the Locus of Auditory Cortex in Humans
.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10150/641405.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Whiteley, Aaron. “Establishing a Visual Guideline for the Locus of Auditory Cortex in Humans
.” 2020. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Whiteley A. Establishing a Visual Guideline for the Locus of Auditory Cortex in Humans
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/641405.
Council of Science Editors:
Whiteley A. Establishing a Visual Guideline for the Locus of Auditory Cortex in Humans
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/641405
University of Arizona
2.
Tucci, Alexander.
Item Analysis for the Development of the Shirts and Shoes Test for 6-Year-Olds
.
Degree: 2017, University of Arizona
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625273
► The development of a standardized assessment can, in general, be broken into multiple stages. In the first, items to be used in the assessment are…
(more)
▼ The development of a standardized assessment can, in general, be broken into multiple stages. In the first, items to be used in the assessment are generated according to the skills and abilities that are to be assessed and the needs of the developers. These items are then, ideally, tested in the field on members of the population for which the assessment is intended. Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis is used to reveal items in the item pool which are unusable due to measurement error, redundancy in the level of item difficulty, or bias. More potential items may be generated and tested until there is a set of valid items with which the developers can move forward. The present study focused on the steps of item tryout and analysis for the establishment of demonstrable item-level validity. Fifty-one potential test items were analyzed for a version of the Shirts and Shoes Test (Plante & Vance, 2012) for 6-year-olds. A total of 23 items were discarded due to error in one or more of the measures mentioned above, and one item was discarded due to its low difficulty. The remaining 27 items were deemed suitable for the 6-year-old population.
Advisors/Committee Members: Plante, Elena (advisor), Plante, Elena (committeemember), Alt, Mary (committeemember), Kielar, Aneta (committeemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Assessment development;
Item Response Theory;
Psychological testing;
Receptive language;
peech-language pathology;
Statistics
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APA (6th Edition):
Tucci, A. (2017). Item Analysis for the Development of the Shirts and Shoes Test for 6-Year-Olds
. (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625273
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tucci, Alexander. “Item Analysis for the Development of the Shirts and Shoes Test for 6-Year-Olds
.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625273.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tucci, Alexander. “Item Analysis for the Development of the Shirts and Shoes Test for 6-Year-Olds
.” 2017. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Tucci A. Item Analysis for the Development of the Shirts and Shoes Test for 6-Year-Olds
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625273.
Council of Science Editors:
Tucci A. Item Analysis for the Development of the Shirts and Shoes Test for 6-Year-Olds
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625273
University of Arizona
3.
Sachs, Alyssa.
Long-Term Recovery of Naming Abilities in Individuals with Aphasia
.
Degree: 2017, University of Arizona
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625318
► A universal characteristic of aphasia is anomia, the impairment of naming abilities. The Boston Naming Test (BNT) is frequently used to measure change in response…
(more)
▼ A universal characteristic of aphasia is anomia, the impairment of naming abilities. The Boston Naming Test (BNT) is frequently used to measure change in response to treatment over short intervals. It is unclear, however, how much change can be expected over long periods of time. This study examined long-term recovery of naming abilities using BNT scores from 52 individuals who participated in clinical and research settings at the
University of
Arizona. Each individual’s change on the BNT was tracked over the course of their participation, allowing for calculation of the extent and rate of change in naming performance. In addition, independent variables were evaluated for their predictive value relative to naming performance over time. There was significant improvement in naming on the BNT, regardless of age, education, and initial time post onset. The results indicate that for individuals who continue to participate in a rehabilitation context, improvement can be expected long after the onset of anomia.
Advisors/Committee Members: Beeson, Pélagie M (advisor), Beeson, Pélagie M. (committeemember), Plante, Elena (committeemember), Kielar, Aneta (committeemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Anomia;
Aphasia
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Sachs, A. (2017). Long-Term Recovery of Naming Abilities in Individuals with Aphasia
. (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625318
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sachs, Alyssa. “Long-Term Recovery of Naming Abilities in Individuals with Aphasia
.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625318.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sachs, Alyssa. “Long-Term Recovery of Naming Abilities in Individuals with Aphasia
.” 2017. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Sachs A. Long-Term Recovery of Naming Abilities in Individuals with Aphasia
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625318.
Council of Science Editors:
Sachs A. Long-Term Recovery of Naming Abilities in Individuals with Aphasia
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625318
University of Arizona
4.
Carter, Jared.
Informational and Energetic Masking Effects on Speech-Evoked Cortical Auditory Potentials
.
Degree: 2018, University of Arizona
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/631418
► Three experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effect of informational and energetic masking on obligatory and cognitive auditory evoked potentials, as well as perceptual responses,…
(more)
▼ Three experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effect of informational and energetic masking on obligatory and cognitive auditory evoked potentials, as well as perceptual responses, to speech and non-speech tokens. Perception of speech in noise is one of the more challenging tasks in which listeners engage. Understanding how the brain processes speech in noise helps clinicians develop therapies and outcome measures to assist individuals who struggle understanding speech in noise.
The experiments were carried out in 15 young adult listeners with normal hearing. In Experiment I, the CAEP onset and acoustic change complex responses were obtained in response to vowel-consonant-vowel and tone-change tokens in quiet, and in three masker conditions, speech-shaped noise, 8-talker babble and 2-talker babble. In Experiment II, the same participants completed a VCV identification task in quiet, and with the three maskers used in Experiment I. In Experiment III the P300 was obtained while listeners were asked to identify tokens when presented in quiet and in the three masking conditions used previously.
Experiment I results demonstrated that the introduction of maskers reduced the amplitude of the CAEP onset and ACC responses, for both VCV and tone-change tokens, and that the 2-talker babble masker had a greater effect on the responses to VCV tokens than to tone-change (non-speech) tokens. These effects were specific to the P2 component of the cortical onset response. The results of Experiment II revealed that the identification of only certain VCV-tokens were affected by the introduction of masking, and there was no differential effect of energetic vs. informational masking. In Experiment III, only the 2-talker babble reduced the P300 response amplitudes, indicating an effect of informational masking on the electrophysiologic response that was not seen in behavioral task of Experiment II.
The differential effects of informational masking on auditory evoked potentials may be related to its acoustic parameters. The informational masker used in this study (2-talker babble) had a 5 Hz amplitude modulation that may evoke a phase-locked response, diminishing the neural complement that would otherwise respond to the stimulus. Differences in calibration of modulated vs. unmodulated maskers may also contribute to the effects seen. In addition, the spectral-temporal characteristics of the masker relative to the stimulus (speech or non-speech) can play a role.
This study provides new knowledge about how the brain responds in a challenging listening situation when there is informational masking. The findings can contribute to developing clinical methods for diagnosis and/or prognosis of speech-in-noise problems that often drives people to seek hearing health care.
Advisors/Committee Members: Cone, Barbara K (advisor), Velenovsky, David S. (committeemember), Story, Brad H. (committeemember), Kielar, Aneta (committeemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Acoustic Change Complex;
Electrophysiology;
Energetic Masking;
Informational Masking;
P300;
Speech in Noise
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Carter, J. (2018). Informational and Energetic Masking Effects on Speech-Evoked Cortical Auditory Potentials
. (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/631418
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Carter, Jared. “Informational and Energetic Masking Effects on Speech-Evoked Cortical Auditory Potentials
.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10150/631418.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Carter, Jared. “Informational and Energetic Masking Effects on Speech-Evoked Cortical Auditory Potentials
.” 2018. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Carter J. Informational and Energetic Masking Effects on Speech-Evoked Cortical Auditory Potentials
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/631418.
Council of Science Editors:
Carter J. Informational and Energetic Masking Effects on Speech-Evoked Cortical Auditory Potentials
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/631418
University of Arizona
5.
Wong, Bryan M.
Planum Temporale: Morphologic Taxonomy of the Superior Temporal Plane
.
Degree: 2019, University of Arizona
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/636683
► Background: Planum Temporale (PT) is a crucial neuroauditory structure located in the dorsal superior temporal plane (STP) posterior to Heschl’s gyrus (HG). The PT has…
(more)
▼ Background: Planum Temporale (PT) is a crucial neuroauditory structure located in the dorsal superior temporal plane (STP) posterior to Heschl’s gyrus (HG). The PT has been implicated in complex auditory function and is well known for its preponderance of leftward asymmetry in normal brains and classic “pie- shaped” morphology. While a majority of cases have easily identifiable PT and HG, there exist some cases in which distinguishability of these two structures is difficult due to morphological variation. The goal of this study is to create a taxonomy of PT morphological features in order to improve the sometimes difficult identification and differentiation of PT from surrounding structures. Methods: A total of 50 (100 hemispheres) healthy intact, high-resolution T1- weighted brain MRIs were obtained from Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) and included in this retrospective study. There were 28 women and 22 men, all right-handed. Ages ranged from 18-57 (mean=26.44) years. A 3D cortical surface mesh (grey matter) for each brain was generated using FreeSurfer and manipulated to view the STP using BrainVISA Anatomist neuroimaging software. The PT was isolated from surrounding structures based on pre-defined anatomical criteria and subsequent surface area measurements, linear measurements and qualitative measures were made. Results: A total of four PT configurations were identified: (1) Pie-shaped [45%], (2) Trapezoid-shaped [27%], (3) Rectangular-shaped [19%], and (4) None [9%]. Mean surface areas of measurable PT configurations were: 511.96 mm2 for “Pie-shaped” (n=45), 517.36 mm2 for “Trapezoid-shaped” (n=27) and 472.12mm2 for “Rectangular-shaped” (n=19). The fourth category, “None” (n=9), was not calculable. There were significantly more “Trapezoid-shaped” PTs in females (p<.05). The “None” category occurred significantly more in males (p<.05) and in the right hemisphere (p<.05). Furthermore, the left hemisphere demonstrated significantly greater surface area for “Pie-shaped” PTs (p<.05). Conclusion: We believe that the proposed classifications is the first step in creating a comprehensive taxonomy of the STP. This will aid neuroanatomists, clinicians and students in terms of differentiation of sometimes complex topography of the STP.
Advisors/Committee Members: Musiek, Frank (advisor), Fuglevand, Andrew (committeemember), Cone, Barbara (committeemember), Kielar, Aneta (committeemember).
Subjects/Keywords: auditory cortex;
heschls gyrus;
planum temporale;
superior temporal plane;
taxonomy
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Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Wong, B. M. (2019). Planum Temporale: Morphologic Taxonomy of the Superior Temporal Plane
. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/636683
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wong, Bryan M. “Planum Temporale: Morphologic Taxonomy of the Superior Temporal Plane
.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed January 24, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10150/636683.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wong, Bryan M. “Planum Temporale: Morphologic Taxonomy of the Superior Temporal Plane
.” 2019. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Wong BM. Planum Temporale: Morphologic Taxonomy of the Superior Temporal Plane
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/636683.
Council of Science Editors:
Wong BM. Planum Temporale: Morphologic Taxonomy of the Superior Temporal Plane
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/636683
. 
Open Access Theses and Dissertations