+publisher:"University of Adelaide" +contributor:("School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences")

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1. Daniels, Christopher Brian. The lives of animals and animals in our lives.

Degree: 2018, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/121331

► Cardio-respiratory and metabolic adaptations of animals to their individual environmental conditions can be unique and so wonderfully variable. However, there are also underpinning physiological hurdles… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Phospholipid; Cholesterol; Surfactant; Composition; Lizard; Turtle; Chicken

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APA (6^th Edition):

Daniels, C. B. (2018). The lives of animals and animals in our lives. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/121331

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Daniels, Christopher Brian. “The lives of animals and animals in our lives.” 2018. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/121331.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Daniels, Christopher Brian. “The lives of animals and animals in our lives.” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Daniels CB. The lives of animals and animals in our lives. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/121331.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Daniels CB. The lives of animals and animals in our lives. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/121331

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

2. Gilani, Syed Saad Akhtar Hussain. Biomarkers of increased intestinal permeability in chickens.

Degree: 2017, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119622

► Enterocytes comprising the single layer of epithelial cells in the intestine are linked together by a series of proteins known as tight junction proteins (TJP).… (more)

▼ Enterocytes comprising the single layer of epithelial cells in the intestine are linked together by a series of proteins known as tight junction proteins (TJP). TJP absorb nutrients through selective permeability and act as a barrier between intestinal contents and blood. When the barrier function is compromised this is known as increased intestinal permeability (IP). The aim of the thesis was to investigate biomarkers of increased IP in chickens. Increased IP has been studied extensively in rats, pigs and humans. In contrast, this is a relatively a new area in chickens (Chapter 2). Based on published studies in rats and pigs, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin produced by Gram-negative bacteria, was selected as a method for increasing IP in chickens. Three experiments were conducted utilizing LPS to increase IP in chickens (Chapter 3). These studies concluded that LPS failed to increase IP as measured by permeability of lactulose, rhamnose and mannitol sugars (LMR) and fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) across the epithelial barrier. However, this work generated useful data and indicated for the first time that 90 minutes post-oral gavage was the optimal time-point for blood sampling. Since fasting for 19.5 hours was applied in the protocol of LPS administration (Chapter 3), a second experiment was conducted with fasting for 19.5 hours and dextran sodium sulphate ingestion along with the LMR sugars and FITC-d (Chapter 4). Additional biomarkers such as intestinal fatty acid binding protein, fecal antitrypsin inhibitor, diamine oxidase and d-lactate were also utilized. This paper concluded that 19.5 hours fasting increased IP that could be evaluated by LMR sugar and FITC-d methods. However, DSS ingestion did not show any IP increase in chickens. Since fasting is routinely applied in the chicken meat industry, fasting and its effects on IP were further investigated (Chapter 5). This study revealed that fasting for as little as 4.5 and 9 hours also increased IP in chickens. The study also confirmed that both methods (LMR sugars and FITC-d) could be utilized to evaluate increased IP. Chapter 6 focused on delayed feeding at the time of chicken placement at the farm. However, this study revealed that delayed feeding did not alter IP in very young chickens. Finally, as short-term fasting also increased IP in older chickens, a further study was conducted to investigate whether mRNA expression of gut barrier associated genes was altered (Chapter 7). This study showed that mRNA expression of claudin-3 only was significantly different from control for 9 and 19.5 hours fasting. This thesis has identified several biomarkers that could be utilized to evaluate increased IP in chickens. Some of these biomarkers such as fecal antitrypsin inhibitor, fatty acid binding protein, diamine oxidase and d-lactate could not detect IP changes induced by fasting in the current studies, they could potentially eliminate the need for oral gavage which is required in the FITC-d and LMR sugar tests. Nonetheless, this research project… Advisors/Committee Members: Howarth, Gordon (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Biomarkers; Leaky gut; Intestinal permeability; Chickens; FITC-d; Lactulose; Rhamnose; Mannitol and sugars

…the prior approval of the University of Adelaide and where applicable, any partner… …Poultry CRC for their PhD scholarship and The University of Adelaide for giving me an…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gilani, S. S. A. H. (2017). Biomarkers of increased intestinal permeability in chickens. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119622

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gilani, Syed Saad Akhtar Hussain. “Biomarkers of increased intestinal permeability in chickens.” 2017. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119622.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gilani, Syed Saad Akhtar Hussain. “Biomarkers of increased intestinal permeability in chickens.” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Gilani SSAH. Biomarkers of increased intestinal permeability in chickens. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119622.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gilani SSAH. Biomarkers of increased intestinal permeability in chickens. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119622

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

3. Ahern, Benjamin John. Dynamic Equine Laryngeal Prosthesis.

Degree: 2017, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119247

► The respiratory system of horses is the major limiting factor for athletic performance. As such, any respiratory impairment can have a considerable effect on athletic… (more)

▼ The respiratory system of horses is the major limiting factor for athletic performance. As such, any respiratory impairment can have a considerable effect on athletic performance. A common site for this impairment to occur is the upper respiratory tract with laryngeal collapse being the most common form in horses. The recurrent laryngeal nerves in the horse are the longest nerves in the body and prone to degenerative axonopathy. This is termed recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN) and results in neurogenic atrophy of the cricoarytenoideus dorsalis (CAD) muscle. Loss of function of the CAD leads to dynamic laryngeal collapse when exposed to the negative airway pressures produced during exercise. As a result, RLN is a common cause of reduced athletic performance in horses. Currently the most commonly performed treatment for RLN in horses is a static prosthetic laryngoplasty. This procedure has a relatively poor success rate in performance horses (ranging from 50-70%) and high complication rate of between 26-43%.1-4 Two of the major complications are dysphagia and loss of abduction. In general, many of the complications can be attributed to either under or over abduction of the arytenoid and static laryngoplastic fixation. The objective of the research reported here was to develop a laryngoplasty system that allowed for alteration of the degree of arytenoid abduction post-operatively. This thesis outlines the successful development of such a device. Initially, the existing standard laryngoplasty procedure was examined mechanically and a variety of prototypes were developed and evaluated. Subsequently, we selected the final dynamic laryngoplasty system (DLPS) for further evaluation. After optimising the position of attachment to the arytenoid using an anchor, the prototype device was mechanically tested under static loading, cyclic and ramp (single linear loading) to failure conditions. This study found the device was able to cause effective shortening of a suture loop with minimal cyclical loss and was able to resist ramp testing sufficiently to justify further evaluation. Additional in vitro testing was performed using cadaveric larynges and demonstrated that the DLPS was able to cause effective increases in arytenoid abduction within the confines of equine laryngeal anatomy. The final in vitro study tested the ability of the DLPS to achieve and maintain arytenoid abduction during testing using a static airflow model with a flow rate of 55L/sec which was consistent with previously published research. After completion of the in vitro studies an in vivo proof of concept study was performed. This demonstrated that the device could be effectively delivered via a standing procedure under sedation and allowed for selective alteration in arytenoid abduction at 7 days post-operatively. Advisors/Committee Members: Franklin, Samantha (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Equine; larynx; laryngoplasty; dynamic laryngoplasty system; DLPS; tie-back; recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN)

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ahern, B. J. (2017). Dynamic Equine Laryngeal Prosthesis. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119247

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ahern, Benjamin John. “Dynamic Equine Laryngeal Prosthesis.” 2017. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119247.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ahern, Benjamin John. “Dynamic Equine Laryngeal Prosthesis.” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Ahern BJ. Dynamic Equine Laryngeal Prosthesis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119247.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ahern BJ. Dynamic Equine Laryngeal Prosthesis. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119247

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

4. Evans, Caitlin Alexandra. Investigations into the epidemiological and clinical effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in sheep and other non-bovine species in Australia.

Degree: 2017, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119354

► Bovine viral diarrhoea is a disease of cattle known to cause severe reproductive dysfunction and immunosuppression in infected animals. It has also been reported that… (more)

▼ Bovine viral diarrhoea is a disease of cattle known to cause severe reproductive dysfunction and immunosuppression in infected animals. It has also been reported that the BVD virus (BVDV) is able to cross species barriers infecting non-bovine species such as sheep, goats, deer and alpacas. The ability of BVDV to infect species other than cattle is of great concern when developing control or eradication programs for BVDV, particularly in areas where cattle regularly come into contact with other susceptible species. As such, the main objective of this thesis was to investigate the epidemiological and clinical effects associated with BVDV infections in sheep and other commonly farmed Australian livestock species. Firstly, the clinical and reproductive outcomes following acute infections of pregnant ewes was studied. Twenty two ewes were experimentally infected with BVDV-1c between 59 to 69 days of gestation and the clinical and reproductive outcomes of these ewes were compared to those of a control group of 11 BVDV naïve and uninfected ewes. In the naïve ewe flock a lambing rate of 172.7% was recorded, lambs were born clinically normal and had a high survival rate. In comparison, a lambing rate of just 31.8% was reported for the infected ewe flock, as well as poor lamb survival and lambs presenting with a wide range of pathological lesions; including anasarca, hydranencephaly and skeletal deformities. A viable, neonatal, BVDV-1c persistently infected (PI) lamb was also born during this study. Three experimental trials then investigated the ability of a neonatal BVDV-1c PI lamb to infect susceptible sheep and cattle. Results indicated that there was a low rate of transmission to susceptible ewes and lambs (n=9) co-paddocked with the PI lamb. The remaining two trials showed no transmission to susceptible steers; housed either adjacent to (n=5) or exposed directly to (n=5) the PI lamb. Furthermore, the transmissibility of BVDV-1c from sheep undergoing acute BVDV-1c infections was studied by co-paddocking five experimentally infected wethers with five susceptible wethers. Results confirmed acute infection in the experimentally infected wethers however the naïve sheep did not seroconvert. In addition, the clinical and haematological effects associated with acute BVDV-1c infections in alpacas were investigated. Results indicated that transmission of BVDV can occur naturally from PI cattle to alpacas housed together. However, there were no apparent signs of infection in any of the alpacas. Lastly, the presence Pestivirus-specific antibodies was determined for 875 South Australian sheep and 245 Northern Territory water buffalo at a prevalence of 0.34% and 4.5%, respectively. This body of work has indicated that acute BVDV-1c infections of pregnant ewes can lead to severe reproductive losses and the birth of persistently BVDV-1c infected lambs. However, results also indicate that sheep are unlikely to play a pivotal role in the spread and persistence of the virus in Australia. Further work needs to be undertaken to fully… Advisors/Committee Members: Cockcroft, Peter (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Pesitivurs; BVDV; Sheep; Alpaca; Water buffalo; Epidemiology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Evans, C. A. (2017). Investigations into the epidemiological and clinical effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in sheep and other non-bovine species in Australia. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119354

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Evans, Caitlin Alexandra. “Investigations into the epidemiological and clinical effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in sheep and other non-bovine species in Australia.” 2017. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119354.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vancouver:

Evans CA. Investigations into the epidemiological and clinical effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in sheep and other non-bovine species in Australia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119354.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Evans CA. Investigations into the epidemiological and clinical effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in sheep and other non-bovine species in Australia. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119354

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

5. Nugroho, Widi. The epidemiology of pig diseases and the emergence of porcine circovirus type 2 in Papua Province, Indonesia.

Degree: 2015, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119482

► Pigs are an important livestock species for the rural community in South East Asia and Pacific, as well as in Papuan community, Indonesia. Despite that… (more)

▼ Pigs are an important livestock species for the rural community in South East Asia and Pacific, as well as in Papuan community, Indonesia. Despite that importance, the productivity of Papuan piggeries has been very low. Disease and mortality are recognised major constraints for pig production in Papua. The aim of the thesis was to understand the demographics of pig populations, study the epidemiology of pig diseases in Papuan pigs, including the underdiagnosed PCV2 and to propose locally adapted control approaches to reduce the incidence of selected pathogens. Jayawijaya was chosen as the area of the study because almost one fourth of the pig population in the province can be found in that region. The study was conducted in four stages: the first was a survey of the demography of the traditional pig farming to gain insights into details of daily husbandry, disease management and the productivity of Papuan pig farms. The second was two case studies that established the prevalence of the selected pig pathogens in dead and healthy pigs. The selected pathogens were Classical Swine Fever (CSF), Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), Streptococcus suis, Streptococcus zooepidemicus, and five internal parasites i.e. Trichuris suis, strongyle parasites, Strongyloides ransomi, Ascaris suum, and coccidia. The third study was to confirm the presence or absence of PCV2 virus in Jayawijaya using molecular techniques. The final study was aimed at further characterisation of the complete genome of Papuan PCV2 isolates. Finally, a review was conducted to gather information about the ecology and epidemiology of major pig diseases from Papuan studies and other places, in order to excerpt available control measures that may be applicable under current Papuan context. The survey indicated that pig farms in Jayawijaya were of small size. The productivity was low, indicated by small litter size, low annual farrowing frequency and high mortality. Husbandry was of minimal input demonstrated by low housing quality, low feeding input, minimal use of veterinary services and limited awareness of pig diseases and their consequences. CSFV, strongyle parasites, Trichuris suis and PCV2 were among the main pig pathogens identified in Papua. An association of the presence of these pathogens with pig mortality might have occured but the sample selection bias may have confounded the results. PCV2 was identified for the first time in Papua in the current study. Analyses of the PCV2 genomes of some of the isolates showed that two different PCV2 genotypes have been circulating in Papuan pigs. In order to control pig diseases in Papua, the role of local government is vital, as many Papuan farmers have very little understanding of the relevant pig diseases and their controls. We propose that confining pigs should be prerequisite before any other control methods are to be introduced. In confined pigs, vaccination against CSFV and regular administration of anthelminthics may be two important and practical control measures that should be introduced in broader areas… Advisors/Committee Members: Reichel, Michael (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Pigs diseases; PCV2; CSF; Internal parasites; Papua; Epidemiology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nugroho, W. (2015). The epidemiology of pig diseases and the emergence of porcine circovirus type 2 in Papua Province, Indonesia. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119482

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nugroho, Widi. “The epidemiology of pig diseases and the emergence of porcine circovirus type 2 in Papua Province, Indonesia.” 2015. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119482.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nugroho, Widi. “The epidemiology of pig diseases and the emergence of porcine circovirus type 2 in Papua Province, Indonesia.” 2015. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Nugroho W. The epidemiology of pig diseases and the emergence of porcine circovirus type 2 in Papua Province, Indonesia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119482.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nugroho W. The epidemiology of pig diseases and the emergence of porcine circovirus type 2 in Papua Province, Indonesia. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119482

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

6. Jane Kathryn Fauser. Medium chain fatty acids and Wnt/β-Catenin inhibitors as adjunctive colorectal cancer chemotherapeutic agents.

Degree: 2013, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/94400

► Chemotherapy remains a primary treatment for advanced stage colorectal cancer (CRC). Although more targeted chemotherapeutic agents are under development, currently prescribed cytotoxic agents target rapidly-dividing… (more)

▼ Chemotherapy remains a primary treatment for advanced stage colorectal cancer (CRC). Although more targeted chemotherapeutic agents are under development, currently prescribed cytotoxic agents target rapidly-dividing cells without discrimination between neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells, inducing debilitating side-effects with high morbidity and mortality rates. The development of less injurious chemotherapeutic agents holds promise in alleviating the negative side-effects of chemotherapy. Fatty acids (FAs) are bioactive aliphatic monocarboxylic acids categorized by the number of carbon atoms in the aliphatic chain, classified as short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (< C8:0), medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) (C8-14:0) and long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) (>C16:ɷ3-9). Exogenous applications of FAs has demonstrated anti-neoplastic properties, and FA have been suggested as adjunctive chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of CRC. SCFAs and LCFAs have demonstrated potent anti-neoplastic properties in in vitro models of CRC. However, there are gaps in the literature regarding the potential anti-neoplastic properties of MCFAs in CRC. Endogenous adjunctive CRC therapies manipulate signalling pathways related to the instigation and progression of CRC, and have only recently been incorporated into standard chemotherapeutic protocols. The Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway is dysregulated in the majority of CRC cases leading to up-regulation of cell proliferation, crypt expansion and mutated intestinal stem cells (ISC). Inhibition of this pathway has demonstrated a down-regulation of cell proliferation. However, the effect on the process of crypt fission and ISC expression is unknown. In vitro (cell culture) technologies are underutilised in investigations of the biological effect and mechanisms of actions of pharmacological agents, bioactive agents and anti-neoplastic agents, when related to intestinal function. There is a paucity of intestinal non-transformed cell lines due to difficulties in the derivation and culture of these cells. This thesis investigates the effects of a MCFA on a CRC cell line (Caco-2) and a non-neoplastic intestinal cell line (IEC-6), and the in vivo endogenous application of Dickkopf-1 (Dkk-1), a Wnt signalling pathway inhibitor. Furthermore, this thesis describes the derivation of a short term porcine small intestinal cell line. Initially in Chapter 2, Caco-2 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of the MCFA, Lauric acid (LA) (C12:0), with cell death compared to the established anti-neoplastic SCFA, butyrate (C4:0) to induce cell death or cytotoxicity, using a CRC in vitro model. This study demonstrated the novel finding that LA exerts cytotoxic properties at doses of 0.5mM and 1mM, having induced a significant reduction in cell viability in Caco-2 cells, compared to butyrate and negative controls, as ascertained by trypan blue exclusion assay. This data is supported by published cytotoxic studies in lymphoblastic cells. It has been proposed that anti-neoplastic properties of FAs are… Advisors/Committee Members: Howarth, Gordon (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: colorectal cancer; Wnt inhibitors; chemotherapy; fatty acids; medium chain fatty acids

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Fauser, J. K. (2013). Medium chain fatty acids and Wnt/β-Catenin inhibitors as adjunctive colorectal cancer chemotherapeutic agents. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/94400

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fauser, Jane Kathryn. “Medium chain fatty acids and Wnt/β-Catenin inhibitors as adjunctive colorectal cancer chemotherapeutic agents.” 2013. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/94400.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fauser, Jane Kathryn. “Medium chain fatty acids and Wnt/β-Catenin inhibitors as adjunctive colorectal cancer chemotherapeutic agents.” 2013. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Fauser JK. Medium chain fatty acids and Wnt/β-Catenin inhibitors as adjunctive colorectal cancer chemotherapeutic agents. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/94400.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Fauser JK. Medium chain fatty acids and Wnt/β-Catenin inhibitors as adjunctive colorectal cancer chemotherapeutic agents. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/94400

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

7. Hunter, Damien Seth. Neurodevelopmental effects of placental restriction in sheep.

Degree: 2017, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/105874

► Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and poor perinatal growth in humans are associated with poorer cognition and memory and altered functional lateralisation. Altered brain morphology and… (more)

▼ Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and poor perinatal growth in humans are associated with poorer cognition and memory and altered functional lateralisation. Altered brain morphology and neurodevelopment following IUGR appears responsible, and may be ameliorated by neonatal catch-up growth, however assessing relative effects of prenatal and postnatal growth on cognition in humans is difficult due to environmental confounders. Experimental placental restriction (PR) in sheep, via surgical removal of uterine epithelial attachment sites prior to mating, restricts intrauterine growth and is followed by catch-up growth. Cognitive consequences have not been examined in this model. Effects of sex, age and prior learning on cognition were therefore characterised in control (CON) sheep, then effects of PR on learning, memory, cognition, functional and morphological lateralisation were investigated. Size at birth and neonatal fractional growth rates during the first 16 days of life (ie. neonatal catch-up growth) were measured for CON and PR offspring. Behavioural testing occurred at 18 and 40 weeks old. In maze tasks, trials and time per task, bleats and arm entries were recorded for initial learning (L), memory (M1, M2) and reversal (R1, R2) tasks. Behavioural lateralisation was recorded using obstacle avoidance and maze exit preference tasks, and structural lateralisation were measured in the prefrontal cortex brain region at 52 weeks of age. In CON sheep, naive sheep aged 18 or 40 weeks required longer to complete task R1 than 40 week olds retested after learning the task at 18 weeks old, indicating prior learning was recalled at later ages. The exit route used for earlier learning tasks also predicted speed required to solve task R1 in 40N females. Body weight and skull size at birth did not differ between CON and PR lambs utilised for behavioural testing. At 18 weeks, placentally restricted male lambs took more trials to solve the initial learning task, but required less time to complete task R1 than control males. Trials and time required to solve task M1 in 40 week old males correlated negatively with neonatal growth. Bleat frequency during task R1 in 18 week old females correlated positively with birth weight and neonatal fractional growth rate. In 40 week old females, PR were more strongly lateralised in the maze exit preference task lateralisation than CON. Lateralisation direction was consistent between ages in PR females only, and was more consistent between tasks at 18 weeks in PR than CON females. Behavioural lateralisation did not correlate with perinatal growth, and brain morphology at 52 weeks did not differ between treatments. Correlations between perinatal growth and adult brain morphology were largely limited to males, whereas correlations between behaviour and brain morphology existed largely in females. In conclusion, effects of age, sex and experience on cognitive and behavioural outcomes must be taken into account when evaluating these outcomes in sheep. Effects of PR on cognition and behavioural… Advisors/Committee Members: Hazel, Susan Jane (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: intrauterine growth restriction; neurodevelopment; sheep; neonatal growth; cognition; learning; memory; lateralization; cerebral asymmetry; Research by Publication

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hunter, D. S. (2017). Neurodevelopmental effects of placental restriction in sheep. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/105874

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hunter, Damien Seth. “Neurodevelopmental effects of placental restriction in sheep.” 2017. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/105874.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hunter, Damien Seth. “Neurodevelopmental effects of placental restriction in sheep.” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hunter DS. Neurodevelopmental effects of placental restriction in sheep. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/105874.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hunter DS. Neurodevelopmental effects of placental restriction in sheep. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/105874

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

8. Hasan, Noor Haliza. Avian Influenza virus M2e protein: Epitope mapping, competitive ELISA and phage displayed scFv for DIVA in H5N1 serosurveillance.

Degree: 2017, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119643

► Within the avian influenza virus (AIV) history, H5N1 subtype is the most alarming in terms of its spread rate throughout the globe with its demonstrated… (more)

▼ Within the avian influenza virus (AIV) history, H5N1 subtype is the most alarming in terms of its spread rate throughout the globe with its demonstrated unusual pattern of evolution. Persistency and constant circulation of this subtype in poultry population in a number of countries have resulted its establishment and declaration as enzootic. The affected countries are commonly characterised by high poultry populations and productions. They are also developing countries which have minimal funding allocated for precaution on disease incursion. Past observations showed that a single AIV epizootic is capable of causing significant economic burden throughout the world. Although epizootic, it still resulted sporadic cases of human infection and mortality. Therefore, H5N1 enzootic countries opt for vaccination strategy (usually with inactivated whole virus) to evade AIV incursions. However, this interferes with the AIV surveillance effort. This is due to the lack of diagnostic tool with the ability to differentiate AIV infected animal from vaccinated animal (DIVA). Following this realisation, several options are made available. Diagnostic tool development which is capable of DIVA requires a highly sensitive and specific target which at the same time is economic, and pose ease of application. In recent years, growing interest on the AIV matrix 2 extracellular domain (M2e) protein has propelled its exploration as the target for AIV serosurveillance diagnostic tool development. It has been demonstrated to be highly sensitive and specific in detection for AIV infection in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) setting. The factor which made it highly interesting is its ability for DIVA application. M2e protein can only be found in low concentration on an AIV particle which is used in an inactivated vaccination strategy, while present in high concentration if cells are AIV infected. Therefore, this study has further explores the AIV M2e protein potential for AIV serosurveillance diagnostic tool development and successfully demonstrated an M2e-based test in a competitive ELISA format for DIVA. This particular ELISA format was of interest as it can be potentially used in multiple species application, as AIV is a multispecies pathogen. To ensure the universality of the competitor antibody, comparative mapping of anti-M2e antibodies from chicken, mouse and rabbit was done. Findings highlighted slight variations in the epitope identified for the M2e antigen by antibodies from different species. Mouse anti-M2e antibodies are more suitable to be used as the competitor antibodies against anti-M2e chicken sera in the M2e-based competitive ELISA test. Consequently, application of the mouse anti-M2e antibodies in the M2e-based competitive ELISA has demonstrated specific and sensitive indication of AIV infection in the H5N1 challenged chicken sera. Biotechnology developments has also introduced the single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibodies as specific and stable bait for antibodies detection against targeted pathogen’s… Advisors/Committee Members: Hemmatzadeh, Farhid (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Avian influenza virus M2e protein; epitope mapping; competitive ELISA; phage displayed scFv; DIVA

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hasan, N. H. (2017). Avian Influenza virus M2e protein: Epitope mapping, competitive ELISA and phage displayed scFv for DIVA in H5N1 serosurveillance. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119643

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hasan, Noor Haliza. “Avian Influenza virus M2e protein: Epitope mapping, competitive ELISA and phage displayed scFv for DIVA in H5N1 serosurveillance.” 2017. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119643.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hasan, Noor Haliza. “Avian Influenza virus M2e protein: Epitope mapping, competitive ELISA and phage displayed scFv for DIVA in H5N1 serosurveillance.” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hasan NH. Avian Influenza virus M2e protein: Epitope mapping, competitive ELISA and phage displayed scFv for DIVA in H5N1 serosurveillance. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119643.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hasan NH. Avian Influenza virus M2e protein: Epitope mapping, competitive ELISA and phage displayed scFv for DIVA in H5N1 serosurveillance. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119643

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

9. Willson, Nicky-Lee. Identification of biological factors that can be consistently linked to performance variation in modern commercial broiler flocks.

Degree: 2017, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119649

► The intensification of the chicken meat industry over the past 50 years has resulted in a 400% increase in the growth rate of meat birds… (more)

▼ The intensification of the chicken meat industry over the past 50 years has resulted in a 400% increase in the growth rate of meat birds and a 50% reduction in feed conversion ratio, maintaining poultry as a cost-effective source of protein. Improvements have been a direct result of genetic selection for growth and feed efficiency (85-90%), advances in poultry nutrition and improved management practices. Despite production gains, performance variation remains both within and between broilers strains, which is a negative economic trait resulting in losses to producers and the industry alike. We therefore aimed to elucidate biological factors contributing to variations in growth and performance, particularly in meat birds. As growth has been repeatedly shown to be an immunological trade-off, the first study investigated whether functional changes in intestinal barrier function and innate immunity could be consistently linked to the phenotypic expression of feed conversion ratio (FCR) in meat birds. Genes in the small intestine were investigated between high- and low-performing phenotypes (selected on individual FCR), collected from three separate trials. There was no evidence linking flock performance variation with basal parameters of innate intestinal immunity in the ileum in this study. Higher variation in the expression levels of two genes, Toll-like Receptor 2 (TLR2) and membrane protein CD36 were of interest however, as both exhibit numerous overlapping and individual functions contributing to both innate immunity and fatty acid metabolism. A second study was conducted to investigate whether links between innate immunity and fatty acid metabolism could be contributing to variations in growth and performance. Total carcass fat %, carcass and blood lipid composition, key genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and selected innate immune parameters were investigated in meat birds, layer birds and F1 layer x meat bird crosses at d14 post hatch. The results indicated a total upregulation of fatty acid metabolism in meat birds when compared to the F1 cross and layer birds, for both fatty synthesis as well as β-oxidation in the liver, suggestive of altered metabolism. There was no evidence to suggest that any birds were exhibiting cellular hepatic stress or that fatty acid metabolism was interacting with parameters of innate immunity in this study. A third study used RNA-Seq to compare liver transcriptomes of meat birds, layer birds and their F1 cross. The objective was to identify differentially expressed (DE) genes between differing growth phenotypes to identify genes and biological pathways contributing to growth variations. Of the total genes identified, 155 were DE between all three groups. Transcriptional differences between the groups were large, particularly between meat birds and layers. Of the genes analysed, 19% were DE between meat birds and layers; 9.6% of genes DE between meat birds and cross; and 1.6% of genes DE between cross and layer birds. The most significant finding was the repeated enrichment of… Advisors/Committee Members: Hynd, Philip (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Meat birds; broiler; layer; feed conversion ratio; growth; innate immunity; fatty acid metabolism; RNA-seq; transcriptome

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APA (6^th Edition):

Willson, N. (2017). Identification of biological factors that can be consistently linked to performance variation in modern commercial broiler flocks. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119649

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Willson, Nicky-Lee. “Identification of biological factors that can be consistently linked to performance variation in modern commercial broiler flocks.” 2017. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119649.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Willson, Nicky-Lee. “Identification of biological factors that can be consistently linked to performance variation in modern commercial broiler flocks.” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Willson N. Identification of biological factors that can be consistently linked to performance variation in modern commercial broiler flocks. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119649.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Willson N. Identification of biological factors that can be consistently linked to performance variation in modern commercial broiler flocks. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119649

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

10. Dom, Michael Theophilus. Feeding Value of Sweet Potato and Cassava to Growing Pigs.

Degree: 2017, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119777

► Sweet potato (SP) roots and cassava tubers provide an important feed resource for smallholder farming of pigs in many countries where grain-based feeds are less… (more)

▼ Sweet potato (SP) roots and cassava tubers provide an important feed resource for smallholder farming of pigs in many countries where grain-based feeds are less available. Root and tuber provide digestible starch energy and lower protein however dietary fibre may reduce the digestibility of nutrients and N retention in growing pigs when fed together with protein containing ingredients. Inclusion of SP vine and foliage in daily diets fed to pigs provides an additional source of N, amino acids and dietary fibre. Furthermore, where smallholder producers exploit either commercial (CG) or mixed genotype (MG) pigs their specific nutrient requirements should be determined in order to provide cost-efficient feeding strategies. A series of seven metabolic trials and two growth trials tested the nutrient utilization and growth performance of CG (Landrace × Large White × Duroc) and Papua New Guinean MG pigs fed blended SP or cassava diets. Seven metabolic trials were all conducted in 4×4 Latin Square design using SP or cassava prepared as boiled, ensiled or milled feed, blended with complementary protein concentrates (wheat-based) into nine test diets, with each set of three diets compared against a wheat-based standard feed, using four CG or MG growing pigs (25-30 kg BW) fed to satisfaction over four 8-d periods. One station-based growth trial was conducted in a replicated 4×4 Latin Square design using 16 MG entire-male (8) and female (8) growing pigs (25 kg BW) on restricted feeding of one of two blended SP diets or one of two wheat-based pellet diets over four 10-d periods. One farm-based growth trial was conducted in a 2×6×8 Randomized Complete Block design using 96 MG castrate-male (47) and female (49) growing pigs (21 kg BW) on restricted feeding of either a blended SP root diet or wheat-based pellet diet over 90-d’s. CG pigs were obtained from a large scale commercial piggery and MG pigs were obtained from a local smallholder piggery in PNG. Nutrient utilization was high but N balance and growth performance of pigs varied when fed the prepared forms of root-based and wheat-based diets; between marginally different body weights, and apparently influenced by dietary exposure and genotype. Fibre digestibility in MG pigs was improved compared to CG pigs, N retained from different diets was influenced by the root sources and prepadiets, and it is likely that the protein and amino acid requirements are substantially lower for MG growing pigs. Evaluation of nutrition for sows, weaners and finishers and study of the effect of fermentable carbohydrates on gut physiology and health in MG pigs were recommended Advisors/Committee Members: Hughes, Paul (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Sweet potato; cassava; protein concentrates; ensiled feed; growing pig; digestibility; nitrogen balance; growth performance

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dom, M. T. (2017). Feeding Value of Sweet Potato and Cassava to Growing Pigs. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119777

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dom, Michael Theophilus. “Feeding Value of Sweet Potato and Cassava to Growing Pigs.” 2017. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119777.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dom, Michael Theophilus. “Feeding Value of Sweet Potato and Cassava to Growing Pigs.” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Dom MT. Feeding Value of Sweet Potato and Cassava to Growing Pigs. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119777.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dom MT. Feeding Value of Sweet Potato and Cassava to Growing Pigs. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119777

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

11. Czerwinski, Veronika Heather. The Influence of Maternal Care on Stress-related Responses in Puppies, Canis lupus familiaris.

Degree: 2016, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119157

► Maternal care alters neurology and behaviour in mammals. However, little is known about the impact of maternal care in domestic dogs. Rapid neurological development occurs… (more)

▼ Maternal care alters neurology and behaviour in mammals. However, little is known about the impact of maternal care in domestic dogs. Rapid neurological development occurs in dogs between postnatal days 3 and 16, yet maternal care within this period has not been thoroughly investigated. Knowledge of neurological development and maternal care is mainly derived from studies of white laboratory rats and, while numerous differences exist between rats and dogs, the physiological mechanisms underpinning the programming of stress-related behaviour are likely to be similar. This thesis sought to investigate maternal care in dogs and the impact it may have on stress-related behaviour in later life. The methodology used to study maternal care in dogs is differing and therefore an aim of this thesis was to provide an overview of differences between litters while comparing sampling methodologies. Six litters of dogs were observed on postnatal days 3, 6, 9 and 12. Maternal care behaviours included dam presence, nursing, contact (frequent behaviours) and anogenital licking (infrequent behaviour). A 24-hour period was compared to five time sampling periods: 12-hour night (1800-0600 hours), 12-hour day (0600-1800 hours), and two sets of four fifteen-minute periods during: night (1800-0600 hours), day (0600-1800 hours) and anytime. A shorter sampling period (four fifteen-minute periods) was representative of the 24-hour period for frequent behaviours. Maternal care behaviour impacts offspring response to stress later in life. An observational study was employed to determine whether maternal care behaviours differ between and within dog litters. Ten litters, including six of the litters above, were observed over postnatal days 3, 6, 9 and 12. Differences between dams were evident for all behaviours (p<0.001), while no differences within a litter were observed for any behaviour. Isolation initiates fear in domestic animals, thus an isolation box can be used to determine stress-related behaviour. Forty-seven puppies (previously assessed for litter behaviour) were observed for activity and vocalisations, and had their heart rate recorded. Breed type and size, parity, and anogenital licking on day 6 were associated with stress-related behaviours. In particular, puppies that were licked more had a shorter latency to vocalise and a higher pre-test heart rate, although this was not expected. Differences in the stress axis responsible for stress-related behaviour and physiology, or the onset of fear-related behaviour, may be reason for these results. Given that maternal care behaviour differed between dams, breeders were asked (using an online survey) whether they consider maternal care of bitches when selecting breed stock. There were 274 respondents representing all breed groups of the Australian National Kennel Club. Four components were found using Principal Components Analysis: Maternal Care, Offspring Potential, Dam Temperament, and Dam Genetics and Health. Maternal care was scored as more important by toy and hound groups, while breed… Advisors/Committee Members: Hazel, Susan (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Canne; Canis Familiaris; Maternal Care; Pedigree Dog Breeding; Puppy Behaviour; Stress Response

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Czerwinski, V. H. (2016). The Influence of Maternal Care on Stress-related Responses in Puppies, Canis lupus familiaris. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119157

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Czerwinski, Veronika Heather. “The Influence of Maternal Care on Stress-related Responses in Puppies, Canis lupus familiaris.” 2016. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119157.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Czerwinski, Veronika Heather. “The Influence of Maternal Care on Stress-related Responses in Puppies, Canis lupus familiaris.” 2016. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Czerwinski VH. The Influence of Maternal Care on Stress-related Responses in Puppies, Canis lupus familiaris. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119157.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Czerwinski VH. The Influence of Maternal Care on Stress-related Responses in Puppies, Canis lupus familiaris. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119157

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

12. Rosenblatt, Alana J. Progressing a scoring scheme for intervertebral disc calcification screening in Dachshund dogs.

Degree: 2017, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119249

► Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a major health problem in Dachshunds. Of all the dog breeds they have the highest incidence of IVDD, owing to… (more)

▼ Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a major health problem in Dachshunds. Of all the dog breeds they have the highest incidence of IVDD, owing to their chrondrodystrophy and subsequent accelerated intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. Degenerated IVDs are predisposed to herniation, resulting in spinal cord injury and commonly paralysis. Late-stage IVD degeneration can include dystrophic calcification, and this calcification may be detected on spinal radiographs (radiographically detectable intervertebral disc calcification [RDIDC]). IVDD and RDIDC are highly heritable in Dachshunds, with RDIDC scores at young adult age being a strong predictor of clinical IVDD occurrence later in life. A screening program was developed whereby potential breeding candidates undergo spinal radiography and scoring for RDIDC, with the aim of reducing the incidence of IVDD through selective breeding. Despite the existence of a large body of literature around IVDD in Dachshunds, including a solid scientific basis for the development of the radiographic screening tool, several deficiencies and areas for ongoing research were identified and guided this project. Widespread global awareness and application of the screening program was lacking. Therefore, an extensive appraisal of the literature was performed resulting in the paper ‘Radiographic scoring for intervertebral disc calcification in the Dachshund’, which is available in the Veterinary Journal. For a test to be useful it must be precise, and the scorer variability (precision) for RDIDC scoring had not been evaluated. Accordingly, the within-scorer (repeatability) and between-scorer (reproducibility) variability of RDIDC scoring was estimated using five scorers with varying levels of prior experience, both at the individual IVD level and at the whole dog level for breeding classification purposes. Overall, RDIDC scoring was found to be highly consistent within scorers, with increased precision achieved by scorers with greater experience. However, unique individual scorer patterns were identified as a factor. These results supported the ongoing use of the screening program, and were published in Preventive Veterinary Medicine. Investigation of the utility of alternate diagnostic imaging modalities, namely computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), for scoring IVD calcification in Dachshunds had not previously been undertaken. The first step in evaluating these modalities for potential use was to assess scorer agreement for CT and MRI, and compare these results with radiography (i.e. RDIDC scoring). Supporting the results of prior work, radiography was identified as a highly precise test with repeatability and reproducibility estimates that were greater than for CT and MRI, likely attributable to scorer familiarity with the modality and RDIDC scoring. Again, increased scorer experience corresponded with greater RDIDC scoring precision. Despite these findings, CT identified substantially higher overall numbers of IVD calcifications than the other modalities, and… Advisors/Committee Members: Bottema, Cynthia (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Radiographically detactable intervertebral disc calcification; Scoring; Dachshund

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rosenblatt, A. J. (2017). Progressing a scoring scheme for intervertebral disc calcification screening in Dachshund dogs. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119249

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rosenblatt, Alana J. “Progressing a scoring scheme for intervertebral disc calcification screening in Dachshund dogs.” 2017. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119249.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rosenblatt, Alana J. “Progressing a scoring scheme for intervertebral disc calcification screening in Dachshund dogs.” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Rosenblatt AJ. Progressing a scoring scheme for intervertebral disc calcification screening in Dachshund dogs. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119249.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rosenblatt AJ. Progressing a scoring scheme for intervertebral disc calcification screening in Dachshund dogs. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119249

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

13. Pandi, Janet Caritas Doru. Role of sweet potato fibre on energy utilisation, gut morphology, and gut microbiota in broilers.

Degree: 2017, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119265

► Despite considerable research on the feeding value of sweet potato there is a dearth of information on how dietary fibre, in particular total non-starch polysaccharide… (more)

▼ Despite considerable research on the feeding value of sweet potato there is a dearth of information on how dietary fibre, in particular total non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) content of sweet potato roots can influence gut health of broiler chickens. It is well established that diet composition and ingredients affect the health of birds by influencing the internal gut environment and microbial status of the gastrointestinal tract of poultry. In developing countries such as Papua New Guinea (PNG), manufactured feed is expensive due to importation of most feed ingredients. Interventions into different practical diets for monogastric livestock using local ingredients for small holder producers are necessary for sustainable and efficient production under local environmental and management conditions. The impact of several selected local PNG sweet potato varieties with different total NSP contents was studied. Diets based on these varieties were fed to broiler chickens to investigate the effects of the total NSP contents on the apparent metabolisable energy (AME) of diets and growth performance, gut morphology, and detectable levels of Campylobacter, Salmonella and Clostridium perfringens in the ceca of these birds. Inclusion of an enzyme product in these diets was also assessed. It was found that sweet potatoes from PNG have an average total NSP content of 172 g/kg DM, and generally have higher fractions of insoluble compared to soluble NSPs. AME and digestibility of diets were influenced by the total NSP content. The variety with a low total NSP content had a lower AME value which was improved with enzyme inclusion. Varieties with high total NSP contents had AME values within the required levels for finishing broilers and inclusion of enzymes did not improve or elucidate any effects. Feed intakes were low in broilers fed with sweet potato and this translated into low end weights, weight gains, and poor feed conversion ratios (FCR), despite being high in energy and highly digestible. FCRs did improve with continuous feeding. Digestive capacity of broilers in terms of gut morphology was not influenced despite varying NSP contents. Total NSP contents did however, influence the load of enteric pathogens. Varieties with high total NSP contents had high levels of Campylobacter which were reduced with enzyme inclusion and marginally reduced with continuous feeding of sweet potato but this needs to be further investigated to validate this finding. Levels of C. perfringens were high in the variety with a low total NSP content but these levels were comparable to the sorghum diet and may not pose a risk of necrotic enteritis in broilers. Levels of Salmonella were low in diets with and without sweet potato. Strategies to reduce campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis in poultry famers and their families as well as product contamination associated with these zoonotic pathogens must be taken into consideration when developing food safety regulations and policies in PNG as broilers raised under these smallholder enterprises supply the… Advisors/Committee Members: Chousalkar, Kapil (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Sweet potato; fibre; non-starch polysaccharides; broiler chickens; gut microbiota; Salmonella spp.; Clostridium perfringens

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pandi, J. C. D. (2017). Role of sweet potato fibre on energy utilisation, gut morphology, and gut microbiota in broilers. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119265

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pandi, Janet Caritas Doru. “Role of sweet potato fibre on energy utilisation, gut morphology, and gut microbiota in broilers.” 2017. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119265.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pandi, Janet Caritas Doru. “Role of sweet potato fibre on energy utilisation, gut morphology, and gut microbiota in broilers.” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Pandi JCD. Role of sweet potato fibre on energy utilisation, gut morphology, and gut microbiota in broilers. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119265.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pandi JCD. Role of sweet potato fibre on energy utilisation, gut morphology, and gut microbiota in broilers. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119265

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

14. Wang, Hanru. Probiotic-derived factors as potential chemopreventive agents for intestinal mucositis and colon cancer.

Degree: 2016, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115411

► Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most deadly forms of cancer in humans. Current chemotherapeutic agents have limited efficacies for colon cancer treatment, and… (more)

▼ Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most deadly forms of cancer in humans. Current chemotherapeutic agents have limited efficacies for colon cancer treatment, and concurrently increase the risk of developing intestinal mucositis. Mucositis is the term for painful inflammation and ulcerating lesions of the mucous membranes lining the digestive tract. Intestinal mucositis is a common side-effect of cancer chemotherapy. To date, there are no satisfactory clinical treatments available to combat mucositis and colorectal cancer. Probiotics are live bacteria, some of which have been demonstrated to secrete bioactive factors capable of exerting beneficial effects; especially in the digestive system. The potential for probiotic-derived factors to combat intestinal mucositis and colon cancer has yet to be thoroughly investigated. In particular, the effects of factors derived from the same probiotic strain and cultured in different growth media have not been investigated in either setting. Objective: The project described in this thesis aimed to identify therapeutically effective bioactive formulations (probiotic-derived factors) capable of protecting the digestive tract from the devastating effects of mucositis and their potential for colon cancer management. The capacity for supernatants (SNs) from Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (Fp) cultured under different growth conditions in the settings of mucositis and colorectal cancer models in vitro and in vivo were evaluated. Materials and Methods: EcN was grown in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth, tryptone soya broth (TSB), de Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) broth, and M17 broth supplemented with 10% (v/v) lactose solution (M17). Fp was grown anaerobically in M2 medium supplemented with 30% rumen fluid. Rat epithelial IEC-6, human colonic adenocarcinoma Caco-2 and T-84 cells were treated with DMEM (control), growth media alone (without factors) or SNs, in the presence and absence of 5-FU. Cell viability (MTT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell apoptosis and cell monolayer permeability were determined. Optimal SNs from the in vitro studies were further investigated in female dark agouti rats (101-146g). Animals received a daily oral gavage of EcN or Fp SNs (1mL) respectively from day 0 to 8. At day 5, rats were injected with either saline or 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU; 150 mg/kg). At kill, small intestinal tissues were collected for determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and histological assessment. Results and Conclusions: This thesis comprises the following 5 chapters: The potential mechanism of new nutraceuticals including probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics, which may be suited to the treatment of intestinal mucositis and colon cancer, is extensively reviewed in Chapter1. Chapter 2 evaluated the capacity for SNs derived from EcN, cultured under different growth conditions, to prevent 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced intestinal epithelial cell damage. EcN SNs were able to reduce cell death, late apoptosis and enhance cell barrier function against… Advisors/Committee Members: Howarth, Gordon Stanley (advisor), Bastian, Sue (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: cell biology; mucositis; colon cancer; animal model; Research by Publication

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, H. (2016). Probiotic-derived factors as potential chemopreventive agents for intestinal mucositis and colon cancer. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115411

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Hanru. “Probiotic-derived factors as potential chemopreventive agents for intestinal mucositis and colon cancer.” 2016. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115411.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Hanru. “Probiotic-derived factors as potential chemopreventive agents for intestinal mucositis and colon cancer.” 2016. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Wang H. Probiotic-derived factors as potential chemopreventive agents for intestinal mucositis and colon cancer. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115411.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wang H. Probiotic-derived factors as potential chemopreventive agents for intestinal mucositis and colon cancer. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/115411

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

15. Weaver, Sarah Jane. Maternal dietary environment modulates programming responses in avian offspring during embryonic and post-hatch development.

Degree: 2019, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122571

► It is well recognised the maternal environment elicits strong programming effects during embryonic development and that these effects are regulated via epigenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, the… (more)

▼ It is well recognised the maternal environment elicits strong programming effects during embryonic development and that these effects are regulated via epigenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, the degree to which these effects are expressed in offspring is further determined by the “predictive adaptive response” (PAR), whereby the combined effect of the maternal and offspring diet dictates if developmental programming phenotypes are expressed or ameliorated during adult life. Due to the various dietary insults imposed on broiler breeder hens, developmental programming and the PAR effect may have strong application in the broiler industry but currently is poorly acknowledged. This thesis presents an overarching hypothesis that the breeder dietary environment elicits epigenetic programming effects, signalled to the developing embryo via mediators present in the yolk. It is hypothesised developmental programming events in ovo will have significant long effects on offspring health and performance, dependant on both maternal and offspring environmental conditions. Findings identify broiler breeder dietary environment causes strong programming effects in offspring, identifiable at various stages of development and in a sex-dependent manner. Differences in hen body weight significantly altered offspring organ weight as early as embryonic day 14 (ED14). Somewhat surprisingly, adult (D42) offspring organ weight (duodenum, jejunum, illium, pancreas and breast muscle) was significantly influenced by maternal body weight, irrespective of any early dietary insults imposed on the chick. It is proposed the observed changes in embryonic and adult organ weight are likely attributed to changes histological and morphology changes in response in ovo yolk profile exposure and warrants further investigation. A PAR effect was also apparent across various dietary conditions. Changing the predominating grain source between generations, irrespective of the grain source, significantly altered progeny body weight and response to immune challenge from 7 days post-hatch to 42 days. Similarly, differences in feed allocation across generations also influenced progeny bodyweight and jejunum weight, specifically in male offspring. These results indicate a PAR effect, hence transgenerational dietary management is an important consideration in poultry production. Manipulation of the maternal diet altered various biologically active compounds within yolk including hormones, nutrients and miRNA. Altering hen bodyweight and ‘stress’ response in broiler breeders significantly altered yolk corticosterone concentration, while naturally occurring differences in yolk glucose, insulin, testosterone and thyroxine concentration were found between broiler and layer breeds. Maternal grain source was associated with changes in expression levels of yolk microRNAs. Encouragingly, the miRNAs detected are associated with hen reproductive performance and embryonic development, indicating manipulation of microRNA via the maternal diet may attribute to programming effects in… Advisors/Committee Members: Hynd, Philip (advisor), Forder, Rebecca (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Avian; maternal; programming; diet; embryonic

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Weaver, S. J. (2019). Maternal dietary environment modulates programming responses in avian offspring during embryonic and post-hatch development. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122571

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Weaver, Sarah Jane. “Maternal dietary environment modulates programming responses in avian offspring during embryonic and post-hatch development.” 2019. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122571.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Weaver, Sarah Jane. “Maternal dietary environment modulates programming responses in avian offspring during embryonic and post-hatch development.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Weaver SJ. Maternal dietary environment modulates programming responses in avian offspring during embryonic and post-hatch development. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122571.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Weaver SJ. Maternal dietary environment modulates programming responses in avian offspring during embryonic and post-hatch development. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122571

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

16. Badger, Skye Michelle. Quality of evidence used for the management of antimicrobial resistance in Australian animals.

Degree: 2019, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122582

► Integral to the success of surveillance programs is the quality of the measurement systems used to collect data. However, the performance of the measurement systems… (more)

▼ Integral to the success of surveillance programs is the quality of the measurement systems used to collect data. However, the performance of the measurement systems used to evaluate antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial use is poorly defined. This thesis, therefore, examines the quality of evidence arising from the phenotypic assays and questionnaires used in the surveillance of animals. The performance of disc diffusion was evaluated to determine its fitness-of-purpose as a source of data for clinical decision-making and surveillance. Zone diameter and minimum inhibitory concentration values obtained from the first Australia-wide prevalence studies of clinical Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius were used to estimate the accuracy of disc diffusion relative to broth microdilution. Conventional measures of test accuracy were described, including diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and area-under-the-receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. For most antimicrobials evaluated, disc diffusion was accurate at predicting the resistance of clinical E. coli and S. pseudintermedius that could otherwise be determined by broth microdilution. The assay performed strongly for ciprofloxacin and ceftiofur, and less favourably for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalothin, and cefoxitin. For S. pseudintermedius and oxacillin, the accuracy of broth microdilution was moderately better than disc diffusion relative to mecA real-time PCR. The precision of disc diffusion was investigated in a test-retest study using a linear mixed-model to estimate intra- and inter-laboratory agreement. Agreement was measured as repeatability (r) and reproducibility (R). The precision of disc diffusion was generally satisfactory for most antimicrobial agents, including ceftiofur (r=4.9mm, R=5.8mm) and gentamicin (r=4.9mm, R=5.4mm). However, the extent of variation in ampicillin (r=4.6mm, R=6.5mm) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (r=6.6mm, R=7.2mm) was of some concern. The management of antimicrobial resistance is aided by the collection of data on the use of antimicrobial agents via questionnaires or other survey tools. In this thesis, the Australian beef feedlot sector was used as a case study to examine a common survey method in which multi-stakeholder engagement is expected, often leading to methodological constraints in survey design. Here, a mailed questionnaire was used to obtain information on antimicrobial use in beef feedlots. The response rate was 16.1%. For those responding to the survey, the use of antimicrobials was found to be appropriate for the purpose indicated, and there was a strong preference for drugs of low importance to human health. While the low response rate dictates that inferences could only be weakly extended to the broader beef feedlot population, the data was of value in informing the development of antimicrobial stewardship guidelines and acted as a staging position for further research into antimicrobial use in other animal sectors. However, more reliable methods of survey delivery should be… Advisors/Committee Members: Caraguel, Charles (advisor), Abraham, Sam (advisor), Jordan, David (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: AMR; antibiotic; livestock; stewardship; useage; disc diffusion; broth microdilution

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Badger, S. M. (2019). Quality of evidence used for the management of antimicrobial resistance in Australian animals. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122582

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Badger, Skye Michelle. “Quality of evidence used for the management of antimicrobial resistance in Australian animals.” 2019. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122582.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Badger, Skye Michelle. “Quality of evidence used for the management of antimicrobial resistance in Australian animals.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Badger SM. Quality of evidence used for the management of antimicrobial resistance in Australian animals. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122582.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Badger SM. Quality of evidence used for the management of antimicrobial resistance in Australian animals. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/122582

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

17. Samami, Mani Ghanipoor. Imprinted Gene Expression and Phenotype of Bovine Concepti with Bos taurus and Bos indicus Genetics.

Degree: 2013, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/126315

► Epigenetic parent-of-origin effects contribute significantly to phenotypic variation in animals. Imprinted genes, which show differential allelic expression in a parent of-origin dependent manner, are critical… (more)

▼ Epigenetic parent-of-origin effects contribute significantly to phenotypic variation in animals. Imprinted genes, which show differential allelic expression in a parent of-origin dependent manner, are critical regulators of prenatal development. Altered epigenetic modifications of imprinted genes in response to maternal environmental stimuli are believed to impact on prenatal development with long-term consequences for postnatal phenotype, a process which is known as fetal programming. Most studies in the area of fetal programming have focused on the epigenetic link between intrauterine environment and fetal phenotype, and genetic programming of variation in pre- and postnatal growth traits remains largely unexplored. We hypothesised that heterosis, i.e., the superiority of F1 hybrids compared to their parents, in growth traits is programmed prenatally through changes in expression patterns of imprinted genes. The purpose of this thesis was (i) to perform a comparative in silico analysis of promoter-specific transcripts and splice variants of the imprinted IGF2 and IGF2R genes as well as their imprinted regulatory non-coding RNAs, H19 and AIRN, (ii) to analyse expression patterns of all identified transcripts in bovine pre- and postnatal tissues, and (iii) to investigate fetal genetic effects on gene expression and their association with heterotic phenotype. To this end, a bovine model was employed using two genetically and phenotypically distinct subspecies of domesticated cattle, Bos taurus and Bos indicus, and their reciprocal crosses. Real time quantitative PCR was used to quantify expression of IGF2 promoterspecific transcripts, IGF2R, H19 and AIRN, in liver, brain, heart, cotyledon, skeletal muscle, kidney, lung and testis at three developmental stages, Day-48 embryo, Day-153 fetus and 12- month juvenile. Heterotic effects on transcript abundances and expression patterns of imprinted genes and their correlations with fetal body weight and weights of fetal tissues were estimated with general linear models. xiv All studied imprinted genes were subject to developmental control of gene expression with the transcript abundance being downregulated in postnatal tissues. We identified IGF2 promoter-specific transcripts and the bovine orthologue of human P0 promoter, and found a developmental shift in tissue specificity of P0 from fetal skeletal muscle to postnatal liver. Fetal body weight and absolute weights of fetal tissues, except brain, were subject to significant parent-of-origin effects, and were higher in fetal groups with B. taurus maternal genetics compared to B. indicus maternal genetics. Fetal placental weight, lung weight and relative muscle mass showed significant heterosis. Heterosis in fetal placental weight was associated with a polar overdominance imprinting pattern of IGF2R and AIRN in cotyledon with highest expression in B. indicus (sire) × B. taurus (dam) group, whereas the transcript abundance in the other reciprocal was close to purebred groups. In hybrid genetic groups, expression of IGF2R and… Advisors/Committee Members: Hiendleder, Stefan (advisor), Kind, Karen (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Samami, M. G. (2013). Imprinted Gene Expression and Phenotype of Bovine Concepti with Bos taurus and Bos indicus Genetics. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/126315

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Samami, Mani Ghanipoor. “Imprinted Gene Expression and Phenotype of Bovine Concepti with Bos taurus and Bos indicus Genetics.” 2013. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/126315.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Samami, Mani Ghanipoor. “Imprinted Gene Expression and Phenotype of Bovine Concepti with Bos taurus and Bos indicus Genetics.” 2013. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Samami MG. Imprinted Gene Expression and Phenotype of Bovine Concepti with Bos taurus and Bos indicus Genetics. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/126315.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Samami MG. Imprinted Gene Expression and Phenotype of Bovine Concepti with Bos taurus and Bos indicus Genetics. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/126315

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

18. Al-Farha, Abd Al-Bar Ahmed Noori. Improved diagnostics and further investigations of bovine mastitis caused by mollicutes.

Degree: 2018, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/118190

► The ultimate aims of this thesis were to improve the diagnostics of mollicute-associated mastitis and confirm their pathogenic role in bovine mastitis. Three types of… (more)

▼ The ultimate aims of this thesis were to improve the diagnostics of mollicute-associated mastitis and confirm their pathogenic role in bovine mastitis. Three types of experiments were carried out on improving diagnostics of mollicute associated mastitis (PCR, real time PCR-high resolution melting curve analysis (HRM), and Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)) on 368 milk samples from a single commercial dairy farm in South Australia (Farm 1), and were compared to conventional culture. Samples were collected purposively only from cows with high somatic cell count and/or mastitis treatment failure. For some tests (e.g. ELISA) samples from a second farm (n=40) in South Australia were also used (Farm 2). Novel primers of 16S ribosomal RNA were used in the PCR and HRM methodologies. A phylogenetic relationship among field isolates of mycoplasmas and acholeplasmas was created based on 16S rRNA sequences. An indirect ELISA, based on a recombinant fragment of the Mycoplasma immunogenic lipase A (MilA) protein was tested in milk for M. bovis antibodies, and compared to PCR and culture. For estimation of the pathogenic role of mollicutes associated with bovine mastitis, milk herd test data was analysed from 7,560 cow-tests. Four types of media (glycerol (GLY) + dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), gelatine + DMSO, foetal bovine serum (FBS) + DMSO, and original milk (CON)) were used to test the survivability of Mycoplasma bovis over time at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks freezing in domestic and -80º C freezers. Very high prevalence of mollicutes was detected in the 288 purposively sampled cows (76.7%) using species-specific PCR. Culture was inferior in detecting infected milk samples (25.1%). The novel universal PCR demonstrated best concordance with species-specific PCR (Cohen’s Kappa= 0.747 ± 0.031). The novel HRM analysis was able to discriminate between four of the field isolates of Mycoplasma spp. and Acholelasma laidlawii. Mycoplasma bovis antibodies were detected only in 68/291 samples (23.4%). The co-infection with two or more mollicutes had a similar effect on milk composition to other major mastitis pathogens. Long-term stored milk samples should be enriched with some of the cryopreservatives used in this thesis. All cryopreservatives improved the survivability of M. bovis in milk samples stored under freezing conditions. The combination of GLY and DMSO resulted in significantly higher recovery rates at week 16, compared to CON with 57.1% (95% CI = 21.43–133.34) and 19.1% (95% CI = 11.73–60.27), respectively. The use of GLY and DMSO should therefore be encouraged for use as a cryoprotectant for M. bovis at − 20 and − 80 °C. Microbiological and molecular techniques used in this thesis should result in improved diagnostics of mollicute-associated mastitis providing rapid and accurate screening techniques. This should become a cornerstone in control strategies of mollicute-associated bovine mastitis. Advisors/Committee Members: Petrovski, Kiro (advisor), Hemmatzadeh, Farhid (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Mastitis; mycoplasma; mollicutes; real time PCR-HRM analysis; ELISA

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Al-Farha, A. A. A. N. (2018). Improved diagnostics and further investigations of bovine mastitis caused by mollicutes. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/118190

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Al-Farha, Abd Al-Bar Ahmed Noori. “Improved diagnostics and further investigations of bovine mastitis caused by mollicutes.” 2018. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/118190.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Al-Farha, Abd Al-Bar Ahmed Noori. “Improved diagnostics and further investigations of bovine mastitis caused by mollicutes.” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Al-Farha AAAN. Improved diagnostics and further investigations of bovine mastitis caused by mollicutes. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/118190.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Al-Farha AAAN. Improved diagnostics and further investigations of bovine mastitis caused by mollicutes. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/118190

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

19. Weaver, Alice Caroline. The induction of a fertile oestrus in lactating sows and the subsequent effect mating in lactation has on oocyte quality and embryo survival.

Degree: 2016, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/113322

► The ability to stimulate a fertile oestrus during lactation provides an opportunity to increase piglet weaning age whilst maintaining 2.4 litters per sow per year.… (more)

▼ The ability to stimulate a fertile oestrus during lactation provides an opportunity to increase piglet weaning age whilst maintaining 2.4 litters per sow per year. Determining the optimal time and method to induce lactation oestrus in the sow as well as ensuring subsequent reproductive outcomes are not negatively affected are vital for the commercial adoption of lactation oestrus systems. Research reported in this thesis investigated firstly, the stimulation of a fertile oestrus early in the post partum period, and secondly, the effect of boar contact and split-weaning in late lactation on oocyte quality, early embryo development and embryonic gene expression. Experiment one demonstrated that the provision of full daily boar contact from day 7 post parturition resulted in a significantly higher proportion of sows expressing lactation oestrus within 26 days of farrowing compared to sows that received no boar contact. Of sows mated within 26 days of farrowing, there was no effect of boar contact or weaning at 7 days on number of piglets born in the subsequent litter. Experiment 2 followed on from a previous study which demonstrated improvements in subsequent litter size when sows had a portion of their litter weaned (split-weaned) prior to mating in lactation. We demonstrated that reducing litter size from 11 to 7 piglets on day 18 of lactation did not increase in the percentage of ova fertilised in vitro or the percentage of ova that developed to blastocyst stage from sows slaughtered on day 21 post parturition. Follicular fluid concentrations of oestradiol were higher in split-weaned sows; however, the capacity of the collected follicular fluid to support in vitro maturation of pre-pubertal oocytes was unaffected by suckled litter size. Blastocyst development rates were lower for sows which lost > 5% compared to < 5 % of their body weight from day one to 21 post parturition. Sows split-weaned on day 18 post parturition, mated in lactation and slaughtered on day 30 of gestation had higher embryo survival compared to sows split-weaned at oestrus or suckling a full litter for the duration of lactation. Split-weaning either on day 18 of lactation or at the first detection of lactation oestrus resulted in higher pregnancy rates and heavier embryos compared to sows suckling a full litter of piglets. Split-weaning resulted in minimal differences in gene expression of day six in vitro produced embryos or day 30 in vivo produced embryos. Overall, this thesis demonstrates that boar contact is an effective stimulant of lactation oestrus in multiparous sows and reducing the litter size prior to mating in lactation and minimising sow weight loss over lactation is beneficial to the subsequent litter. Advisors/Committee Members: Kind, Karen Lee (advisor), van Wettere, William (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: lactation; oestrus; sow; pig; oocyte quality; embryo survival; Research by Publication

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Weaver, A. C. (2016). The induction of a fertile oestrus in lactating sows and the subsequent effect mating in lactation has on oocyte quality and embryo survival. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/113322

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Weaver, Alice Caroline. “The induction of a fertile oestrus in lactating sows and the subsequent effect mating in lactation has on oocyte quality and embryo survival.” 2016. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/113322.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Weaver, Alice Caroline. “The induction of a fertile oestrus in lactating sows and the subsequent effect mating in lactation has on oocyte quality and embryo survival.” 2016. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Weaver AC. The induction of a fertile oestrus in lactating sows and the subsequent effect mating in lactation has on oocyte quality and embryo survival. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/113322.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Weaver AC. The induction of a fertile oestrus in lactating sows and the subsequent effect mating in lactation has on oocyte quality and embryo survival. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/113322

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

20. Novianti, Irida. Molecular genetics of cattle muscularity.

Degree: 2011, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/69482

► Genetic improvement is a goal of most livestock industries and molecular information can contribute to the accuracy of selection and hence rate of genetic improvement.… (more)

▼ Genetic improvement is a goal of most livestock industries and molecular information can contribute to the accuracy of selection and hence rate of genetic improvement. The aim of this study was to obtain molecular information that can be used to assist selection for muscularity in cattle. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for traits related to muscularity (but not growth), candidate gene identification and association studies between the candidate genes and the muscularity related traits were conducted. Interactions between the candidate genes and myostatin, a gene known to have a major role on muscularity in cattle, were also examined. Genotype and phenotype data from the JS Davies cattle gene mapping project were used for this study. QTL for muscularity related traits across 3 sire families were mapped in 366 double back cross progeny from pure Limousin (carrying the myostatin F94L variant) and Jersey cows. Cohort and breed were fitted in the model. A model that included the myostatin F94L genotype was also fitted to identify chromosomal regions in which gene(s) that may be epistatic with myostatin reside. Covariates were used to obtain QTL for carcass traits related to muscularity and not related to growth. In total, all the QTL mapped to 15 regions on 11 chromosomes (BTA 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14 and 17). In terms of the traits that best define muscularity, the QTL on cattle chromosomes 2, 3 and 17 were of greatest interest. Fitting the myostatin F94L genotype in the model indicated that the QTL on chromosome 17 are likely to be epistatic with myostatin. Six candidate genes were selected based on the QTL results of the study herein and previous studies on the same population. The genes were activin receptor type 1 (ACVR1), smad nuclear interacting protein 1 (SNIP1), similar to follistatin-like 5 (FSTL5), transforming growth factor β receptor 3 (TGFBR3), insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and follistatin (FST). DNA variants of FSTL5 were associated with the traits of interest but there was no interaction with myostatin. DNA variants in TGFBR3 and SNIP1 had no direct effect on muscularity traits but there were significant interactions with myostatin. For IGF1 and FST, their DNA variants had direct effects on muscularity related traits and there were significant interactions with myostatin. FST SNP7 and the interaction between IGF1 SNP2 and myostatin had the most significant effects on muscularity related traits (P<0.01). The results of this study showed that there are genes affecting muscularity not related to growth and some of these interact epistatically with myostatin. Furthermore, potential markers for muscularity have been discovered (eg. FST). Further studies in larger cattle populations need to be undertaken to confirm the results herein before these markers can be utilised commercially. Advisors/Committee Members: Bottema, Cynthia Denise Klemme (advisor), Pitchford, Wayne Scott (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: cattle; muscularity; genetics; retail yield; myostatin; follistatin

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Novianti, I. (2011). Molecular genetics of cattle muscularity. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/69482

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Novianti, Irida. “Molecular genetics of cattle muscularity.” 2011. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/69482.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Novianti, Irida. “Molecular genetics of cattle muscularity.” 2011. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Novianti I. Molecular genetics of cattle muscularity. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/69482.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Novianti I. Molecular genetics of cattle muscularity. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/69482

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

21. Murphy, Timothy Wayne. The effects of individual and combinations of airborne pollutants on feed intake, immune function and physiology of the pig.

Degree: 2012, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/72151

► Poor air quality and surface hygiene are associated with increases in the prevalence and severity of enteric and respiratory diseases, as well as reduced growth… (more)

▼ Poor air quality and surface hygiene are associated with increases in the prevalence and severity of enteric and respiratory diseases, as well as reduced growth rates in pigs. The pollutants which contribute to poor air quality include gases, dust, airborne particles, microorganisms and their toxins. In this study I investigated; 1) the effects of ammonia and alpha haemolytic cocci (AHC) including viridans-group streptococci (VGS) on feed intake, immune function and respiratory tract physiology in pigs, 2) the effects of stocking density on air quality parameters and growth rate in pigs and 3) the effects of shed design and management on air quality parameters. While exposure to AHC appeared to have a greater effect than ammonia on growth rate and feed efficiency, as well as aspects of immune function, the most significant effects were observed in pigs exposed to high levels of ammonia followed by AHC. There was a strong positive relationship between the stocking density (StD) (m³ airspace/pig) and the mean growth rate in pigs from 10 to 22 weeks of age, in an allin/all-out (AIAO) system. There was also a strong negative relationship between stocking density and the number of viable bacteria in the airspace. As the volume (m³ of airspace)/pig increased, the concentration of bacteria in the airspace decreased and the growth rate of the pigs increased significantly. I hypothesise that airborne bacteria trigger an immunological challenge which redirects metabolic activity that would otherwise contribute to growth and skeletal muscle accretion. There is evidence that shed design and management can affect air quality and, consequently, growth rate of pigs. The results indicate that improving ventilation through widening ridge vents, leaving floors to dry before restocking pens, increasing pit depth to ≥400 mm, and flushing pits with fresh water all have a positive effect on air quality and growth rate. It is clear that facilities need to be managed as an all-in/all-out (AIAO) system as this enables farmers to maximise hygiene by thoroughly cleaning pens between batches, which is likely to improve air quality. Other important management and husbandry factors include adhering to stocking density (m³ airspace/pig) and stocking rate (pigs/m² floorspace) recommendations, especially in naturally ventilated buildings. The shape and dimensions of the shed, the ventilation and heating system used, and the effluent management system are also important. Maintaining good air quality is essential for pig health, growth, and welfare, as well as those working with pigs. Advisors/Committee Members: Cargill, Colin (advisor), Stott, Philip George (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: pigs; immune response; hygiene; microbiology; animal health; air quality; airborne pollutants; pig housing

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Murphy, T. W. (2012). The effects of individual and combinations of airborne pollutants on feed intake, immune function and physiology of the pig. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/72151

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Murphy, Timothy Wayne. “The effects of individual and combinations of airborne pollutants on feed intake, immune function and physiology of the pig.” 2012. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/72151.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Murphy, Timothy Wayne. “The effects of individual and combinations of airborne pollutants on feed intake, immune function and physiology of the pig.” 2012. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Murphy TW. The effects of individual and combinations of airborne pollutants on feed intake, immune function and physiology of the pig. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/72151.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Murphy TW. The effects of individual and combinations of airborne pollutants on feed intake, immune function and physiology of the pig. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/72151

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

22. Egarr, Andrew R. Genetic independence of fat depots in cattle.

Degree: 2012, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/78879

► The amount and distribution of adipose tissue is important to cattle production. Fat influences the animal’s reproductive efficiency and determines its carcass value. As a… (more)

▼ The amount and distribution of adipose tissue is important to cattle production. Fat influences the animal’s reproductive efficiency and determines its carcass value. As a cow’s reproductive efficiency is associated with a level of overall fatness, not just a particular fat depot, being able to re-partition fat to a more valuable depot while reducing fat in less valuable depots would be advantageous. Most previous research involving fat deposition in cattle focussed on subcutaneous and intramuscular fat, and usually evaluated these in relation to total fat or carcass weight rather than the relationship between individual fat depots. The hypothesis that there is a genetic basis for variation in fat distribution in cattle and a weak relationship between fat depots independent of anatomical site was tested. The principal aim of this research was to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms controlling fat deposition in cattle, including any relationship between fat depots. Marbling features (e.g. shape and orientation) and seam (intermuscular) fat area were quantified using image analysis. The seam fat area and other carcass fat measurements were used to examine the relationship between fat depots. Candidate genes for fat deposition traits were identified and sequenced in Jersey – Limousin mapping sires to find single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In all, 33 SNPs from 11 candidate genes for fat deposition were selected for association studies in the sire progeny. There was large variation in all of the measures but the variation was largely independent of other marbling factors. The seam fat area data were used to identify a quantitative trait locus on chromosome 19, and subsequently identify candidate genes for seam fat area. In general, there were low correlations between fat traits suggesting the relationship between the depots was not strong. The fixed effects of cohort, breed and myostatin variant affected general fat deposition. However, sire affected fat distribution, as no sire had progeny consistently higher or lower for all fat traits. These results suggest there is only a weak genetic link between the fat depots. The size of effect was small for most of the SNPs associated with fat deposition, although there were some candidate genes with sizeable effects, for example, tyrosine kinase, endothelial (TEK1) (channel fat, 28%) and ß, ß-carotene 15, 15'-monooxygenase (BCMO1) (subcutaneous fat, 20%). Moreover, the combined effect of all SNPs affecting a single trait explained 38% (channel fat), 26% (seam fat and subcutaneous fat) and 23% (omental fat) of the phenotypic variation. Interestingly, although some genes were associated with variation in more than one fat trait, no one gene was associated with all fat traits or overall fatness. The major conclusion from the research described herein is that there is genetic influence on fat deposition in addition to the effects of age, breed and management, the deposition of fat into the various adipose sites is controlled in an independent manner genetically… Advisors/Committee Members: Bottema, Cynthia Denise Klemme (advisor), Pitchford, Wayne Scott (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: cattle; fat depots; marbling; single nucleotide polymorphism; image analysis; genotyping; association analysis

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Egarr, A. R. (2012). Genetic independence of fat depots in cattle. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/78879

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Egarr, Andrew R. “Genetic independence of fat depots in cattle.” 2012. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/78879.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Egarr, Andrew R. “Genetic independence of fat depots in cattle.” 2012. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Egarr AR. Genetic independence of fat depots in cattle. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/78879.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Egarr AR. Genetic independence of fat depots in cattle. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/78879

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

23. Chen, Tai Yuan. Dietary energy manipulations and reproductive performance in primiparous sows.

Degree: 2012, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/80623

► In primiparous sows, feed intake is generally insufficient to meet lactation demands during lactation. Inadequate nutrient supply increases mobilisation of body reserves during lactation and,… (more)

▼ In primiparous sows, feed intake is generally insufficient to meet lactation demands during lactation. Inadequate nutrient supply increases mobilisation of body reserves during lactation and, as a consequence, affect subsequent reproduction. Excessive loss of body reserves during lactation is not only associated with delayed postweaning oestrus and the size of the subsequent litter, but also increases culling rate and reduces sow longevity and the productivity of the breeding herd. The aim of the thesis was to develop a clear understanding of the impact of a negative energy balance during lactation affects reproductive performance of modern primiparous sows in Australia, and evaluate feeding strategies involving energy manipulations during crucial periods for improving subsequent litter size. In the first study, the associations of sow body weight changes during lactation and the body weight at weaning with subsequent reproductive performance were studied. By minimising body weight loss and maintain adequate body reserves at weaning through the supply of sufficient energy when rearing equal to or less than ten piglets during lactation, the post-weaning reproduction of modern primiparous sows may not be affected. In the second study, the carry-over effects of energy intake during the early antral phase and subsequent follicular phase on follicle recruitment and ovulation rate were assessed using a gilt model. Follicle size at the end of the luteal phase was greater for gilts that were previously fed at a high feed level. During the follicular phase, high feeding increased follicle size at Day 5 and plasma oestradiol concentration. Nevertheless, a low feed level during the luteal phase reduced ovulation rate and the number of embryo, and this was not counteracted by feed level during the follicular phase. Plasma progesterone concentration after ovulation was lower for gilts that were restricted-fed throughout the whole period than for other treatments. These results indicate that undernutrition during early antral follicular development may have a residual effect on follicle recruitment and quality. In the third study, the effects of substituting 1 kg of a standard lactation diet with 1 kg of a sugar-rich or fat-rich diet during late lactation on blood glucose and insulin changes were investigated. The results suggest that a sugar-enriched diet during the last week of lactation elevates circulating glucose and insulin concentrations, and may potentially improve post-weaning fertility in primiparous sows. Therefore, the fourth study investigated the effects of pre-weaning energy substitutions plus postweaning altrenogest treatment as positive control on follicular development, endocrine characteristics and subsequent litter size in primiparous sows. The weaning-to-ovulation interval tended to be reduced in the sugar-rich treatment, although body weight loss during the treatment period, post-weaning follicle development, plasma oestradiol and pre-weaning leptin did not differ among treatments, except body weight loss was… Advisors/Committee Members: Stott, Philip George (advisor), Langendijk, Pieter (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: primiparous sow; lactation; reproductive performance; follicles; ovulation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, T. Y. (2012). Dietary energy manipulations and reproductive performance in primiparous sows. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/80623

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Tai Yuan. “Dietary energy manipulations and reproductive performance in primiparous sows.” 2012. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/80623.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Tai Yuan. “Dietary energy manipulations and reproductive performance in primiparous sows.” 2012. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Chen TY. Dietary energy manipulations and reproductive performance in primiparous sows. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/80623.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chen TY. Dietary energy manipulations and reproductive performance in primiparous sows. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/80623

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

24. Tai, Marina Hsiang Hua. Do sheep worms occur in wild hares and rabbits in Australia?.

Degree: 2013, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/84960

► Areas of common grazing between hares (Lepus europaeus), rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and sheep (Ovis aries) are widespread in south eastern Australia. For much of the… (more)

▼ Areas of common grazing between hares (Lepus europaeus), rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and sheep (Ovis aries) are widespread in south eastern Australia. For much of the year, lagomorphs are exposed to the infective larvae of the nematode parasites of livestock on farm pastures. Given that gastrointestinal parasites are a major problem for sheep graziers and that in experimental circumstances sheep helminths are able to develop in rabbits and hares, free-living lagomorphs were investigated regarding carriage of ovine nematode parasites under field conditions. 110 hares and 88 rabbits were shot by hunters in paddocks previously grazed by sheep or in vineyards near sheep pastures. Lagomorphs were acquired from November 2010 to August 2012 from the Adelaide region of South Australia, the western district of Victoria and central western New South Wales. Total helminth counts and examinations of spicule morphology were performed. PCR was utilized to confirm findings. My study revealed that the ruminant worm, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, is common in hares (prevalence 32.7%) and also, occasionally, occurs in rabbits (prevalence 3.4%). Statistical analysis showed no significant effects of age or sex of either hares or rabbits, in prevalence of worms (P >0.05). Chi-Square and Fisher Exact tests were performed and showed that, in general, nematode parasite infestations were not significantly different in hares or rabbits (P > 0.05) for all regions examined. However, while the ruminant nematode T. colubriformis occurred more frequently in hares, rabbits were more commonly infected with the lagomorph-specific Trichostrongylus retortaeformis (prevalence 61.4%). The lagomorph worm Graphidium strigosum was mainly found in rabbit stomachs obtained from New South Wales. The ruminant nematode Trichostrongylus rugatus, was identified infecting four hares and one rabbit from the Adelaide region, South Australia, and is reported for the first time in wild lagomorphs. Cross-transmission of nematodes between lagomorphs and sheep in the natural environment is much more prevalent than previously believed. Further studies will contribute important information to assist sheep producers manage nematode gastrointestinal parasites and may also lead to newly identified causes for the declines of lagomorph populations in various parts of the world. Advisors/Committee Members: Stott, Philip George (advisor), O'Handley, Ryan (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: nematodes; parasites; Trichostrongylis; hares; rabbits; sheep

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tai, M. H. H. (2013). Do sheep worms occur in wild hares and rabbits in Australia?. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/84960

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tai, Marina Hsiang Hua. “Do sheep worms occur in wild hares and rabbits in Australia?.” 2013. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/84960.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tai, Marina Hsiang Hua. “Do sheep worms occur in wild hares and rabbits in Australia?.” 2013. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Tai MHH. Do sheep worms occur in wild hares and rabbits in Australia?. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/84960.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tai MHH. Do sheep worms occur in wild hares and rabbits in Australia?. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/84960

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

25. Lanyon, Sasha Renee. Control and mitigation of bovine viral diarrhoea in Australian cattle populations.

Degree: 2014, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/93516

► Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD), more commonly in Australia as Bovine Pestivirus, is an economically important disease of cattle. The causative agent, BVD virus (BVDV), is… (more)

▼ Bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD), more commonly in Australia as Bovine Pestivirus, is an economically important disease of cattle. The causative agent, BVD virus (BVDV), is a member of the genus Pestivirus in the family Flaviviridae, closely related to Border Disease Virus and Classical Swine Fever Virus. An increased incidence and severity of secondary disease and potentially dramatic reproductive loss associated with BVDV infection results in ongoing financial impacts in infected herds. Fortunately, the epidemiology of BVD is such that the disease can be effectively controlled, and losses mitigated, by identification and removal of persistently BVDV infected (PI) cattle. Regional or national control schemes have been shown to be economically beneficial. In Australia, however, no regional schemes are active for the control of BVD. The first clinical case of BVD was reported in Australia in 1957. Recent serological evidence suggests that BVD may be the most prevalent infectious disease of cattle in Australia today. Despite this, BVD fails to be acknowledged as a major animal health priority. A postal survey of 631 South Australian cattle farmers showed that while interest in BVD was high, many producers did not believe their herds to be infected and failed to acknowledge the true impact the disease may have in an affected herd. The survey results revealed that farmers that practiced disease management through quarantine procedures, regular vaccination, participation in disease control and attendance at seminars were most likely to have high knowledge and perceived understanding of BVD. The survey results suggest that a BVD education program (which could be targeted to farmer demographics that were observed to have the lowest knowledge of BVD) and subsequent control scheme would likely be well received. Control schemes rely on accurate diagnosis of BVD, with rapid, inexpensive tests (such as ELISA and RT-PCR) available for detection of specific antibody, viral antigen and viral RNA. A thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of BVD allows veterinarians and diagnosticians to appropriately select diagnostic samples and tests that are most appropriate and cost-effective for a particular diagnostic goal. Milk samples represent an alternative for testing of lactating animals for BVDV-specific antibodies, with test performance observed to be very good compared to serum testing. Furthermore, bulk milk may be tested to produce an estimate of seroprevalence within the milking herd and, in turn, the likelihood of the herd being actively infected. In non-milking cohorts, including beef animals and young stock, pooled serum can be tested for a similar result. These bulk samples are a highly cost-effective testing option. An experimental trial investigated diagnostic opportunities in pregnant females and their resultant calves. In pregnant females, very high antibody levels should cast suspicion of fetal PI, while low positive results may coincide with neurological deformation (hydrocephalus and cerebellar hypoplasia) in the… Advisors/Committee Members: Reichel, Michael P. (advisor), Cockcroft, Peter D. (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: cattle; pestivirus; BVD; economics; Australia; diagnosis; awareness

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lanyon, S. R. (2014). Control and mitigation of bovine viral diarrhoea in Australian cattle populations. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/93516

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lanyon, Sasha Renee. “Control and mitigation of bovine viral diarrhoea in Australian cattle populations.” 2014. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/93516.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lanyon, Sasha Renee. “Control and mitigation of bovine viral diarrhoea in Australian cattle populations.” 2014. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lanyon SR. Control and mitigation of bovine viral diarrhoea in Australian cattle populations. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/93516.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lanyon SR. Control and mitigation of bovine viral diarrhoea in Australian cattle populations. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/93516

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

26. Perryman, Aryn White. Sex ratio theory applied to a macropod marsupial : Is reproduction by the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) consistent with sex ratio theory?.

Degree: 2012, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/95237

► Marsupial species provide an important research tool in attempts to unravel the complicated mechanisms of mammalian reproduction. Comparisons between metatherian and eutherian reproductive life history… (more)

▼ Marsupial species provide an important research tool in attempts to unravel the complicated mechanisms of mammalian reproduction. Comparisons between metatherian and eutherian reproductive life history patterns used to achieve the same outcomes, illuminates processes that have been difficult to investigate in eutherian species alone. Adaptive sex allocation is one such area that has provided equivocal data that is much scrutinized and debated amongst scientists. The theory that has provided the most disparity in the literature, and lead to the most debate, is the Trivers-Willard Model (TWM) (Trivers & Willard, 1973). The TWM proposes that, in polygynous mammalian species where the male has increased variability in reproductive returns, mothers in ‘good condition’ should bias their offspring towards sons, to maximise their fitness. There are three main assumptions associated with the theory: 1) that sons will benefit more than daughters from increased maternal resource allocation, 2) that juvenile condition predicts adult condition and 3) that maternal quality is a predictor of offspring quality. Much of the previous support for the TWM has been based on research in eutherian species (e.g. ungulate species), which usually tests only one assumption at a time by a posteriori application of the theory to observed data. Macropod species fill similar niches to ungulate species in other ecosystems and provide easy access to pouch young at a very early stage of development, which facilitates the investigation of all the TWM assumptions on a single population. The assumptions were tested by 1) field collections on wild populations of Kangaroo Island Macropus eugenii, to see if the pattern occurred, 2) controlled experimental breeding, to find the true adaptive nature of any bias and to see if the effect could be produced by manipulation, 3) feeding experiments, to see if compensatory growth occurred, 4) further testing on females and males to assess the presence and timing of control mechanisms. The overall sex ratio of the sampled wild population was 1:1, but larger, older females showed a 74% chance of having daughters as opposed to sons, while smaller, younger mothers showed a 60% chance of having sons. The pattern was not repeated in the breeding experiments, as females showed an 81% chance of producing a son regardless of maternal condition. Juvenile females produced an overcompensation response to reduced resource availability, while males showed partial compensation, recovering body weight but not condition. There was no evidence of a post-conception maternally-controlled mechanism, as there was no discrepancy between genetic sex and phenotypic sex. However, adult males did show a reduced %Y sperm count, averaging 44-45% Y sperm, significantly lower than the expected 50%. Therefore, although some of the results showed confirmation of the TWM, when analysed separately, there was little support for the individual assumptions and it is more likely that there is a more complicated, stress induced, adaptive sex ratio… Advisors/Committee Members: Stott, Philip George (advisor), Webb, Graham C. (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: macropod reproduction; sex ratio theory; Trivers - Willard hypothesis; marsupial sex ratio theory; Macropus eugenii

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Perryman, A. W. (2012). Sex ratio theory applied to a macropod marsupial : Is reproduction by the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) consistent with sex ratio theory?. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/95237

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Perryman, Aryn White. “Sex ratio theory applied to a macropod marsupial : Is reproduction by the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) consistent with sex ratio theory?.” 2012. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/95237.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Perryman, Aryn White. “Sex ratio theory applied to a macropod marsupial : Is reproduction by the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) consistent with sex ratio theory?.” 2012. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Perryman AW. Sex ratio theory applied to a macropod marsupial : Is reproduction by the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) consistent with sex ratio theory?. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/95237.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Perryman AW. Sex ratio theory applied to a macropod marsupial : Is reproduction by the Tammar Wallaby (Macropus eugenii) consistent with sex ratio theory?. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/95237

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

27. Lee, Stephen John. An interdisciplinary study of maternal productivity in beef cattle.

Degree: 2012, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/96470

► Maternal productivity, defined as weight of cow-calf output per unit of feed consumed on an annual basis is complex with many component traits interacting with… (more)

▼ Maternal productivity, defined as weight of cow-calf output per unit of feed consumed on an annual basis is complex with many component traits interacting with on-farm management to determine overall production efficiency. This thesis implemented an interdisciplinary research approach that integrated qualitative social science and quantitative animal science to examine the output components of maternal productivity. Such an approach generated an understanding about factors associated with maternal productivity from both an animal science perspective and also as perceived by seedstock breeders. The initial qualitative research revealed divergence in seedstock breeder‟s perspectives on topics associated with maternal productivity. Specifically, attitudes to animal management with regard to grazing management, cow energy reserve fluctuation and the utilisation of fat reserves were varied. Breeder‟s attitudes on these topics were associated with divergence in perspectives on the importance of selection for production traits including yield, growth and milk compared with selection for perceived resilience traits including subcutaneous fat and earlier maturity pattern. The outcomes from the initial qualitative research drove the analysis of animal performance data collected through the Cooperative Research Centre for Beef Genetic Technologies Maternal Productivity Project. These analyses included understanding • the repeatability of cow body composition traits • associations of Breedplan EBVs with cow energy reserves • genetic correlations between cow body composition traits, • associations between genetic merit, nutrition and cow body energy reserves with reproductive rate Objectively measured body composition traits had moderate to high between time repeatability. In addition, Breedplan EBVs for EMA, Rib, Rump (P8) and IMF were closely related to the equivalent ultrasound measure in Angus and Hereford cows at pre-calving and weaning in the first two parities. Breedplan carcass EBVs were not associated with cow body composition change during lactation. Together these results indicate that currently available Breedplan carcass EBVs change cow body composition, and that selection for increased fatness at a young age will result in cows that are fatter. Cow body composition traits were moderately heritable and had high to very high between time genetic correlations indicating that at the genetic level, cow body composition traits are genetically very similar across time (pre-calving and weaning) and age (first and second parity). P8 and Rib EBV and pre-calving P8 and rib fat depth were associated with several components of reproductive rate with varying effects depending on parity, calving season and nutrition. The importance of genetic and phenotypic fatness on reproductive rate was larger in autumn calving and low nutrition production systems. Breeders viewed results presented on associations between reproductive rate and EBVs and energy reserves as unsurprising and also as supporting their varied perspectives and… Advisors/Committee Members: Pitchford, Wayne Scott (advisor), Nuberg, Ian Kinloch (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: cattle breeder attitudes; breeding objectives; cattle body composition; cattle genetics; breeding

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lee, S. J. (2012). An interdisciplinary study of maternal productivity in beef cattle. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/96470

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lee, Stephen John. “An interdisciplinary study of maternal productivity in beef cattle.” 2012. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/96470.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lee, Stephen John. “An interdisciplinary study of maternal productivity in beef cattle.” 2012. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lee SJ. An interdisciplinary study of maternal productivity in beef cattle. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/96470.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lee SJ. An interdisciplinary study of maternal productivity in beef cattle. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/96470

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

28. Prisciandaro, Luca David. Probiotic-derived factors for the treatment and prevention of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis.

Degree: 2013, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/96820

► 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most commonly prescribed anti-neoplastic drugs in modern cancer treatment. Although the drug is effective at destroying cancer cells, its… (more)

▼ 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most commonly prescribed anti-neoplastic drugs in modern cancer treatment. Although the drug is effective at destroying cancer cells, its administration is accompanied by serious, dose-limiting side effects, amongst the most prevalent of which is intestinal mucositis. This disorder is characterised by ulceration and inflammation of the small intestine, and sufferers often experience severe abdominal pain, nausea and diarrhoea. Despite its predominance, there are currently no definitive treatments for intestinal mucositis. Probiotics are defined as live bacteria which are able to exert beneficial physiological or therapeutic effects. Strains can be sourced from either food or the human microbiota, but must meet specific requirements prior to being officially recognised as probiotics. The mechanisms of probiotic action are highly species and strain specific, however, a number of strains have been shown to exert beneficial effects which may be suited to the treatment of intestinal mucositis. These include; inhibition of pathogenic bacterial growth and inflammation, maintenance of cell cycling and strengthening of the intestinal barrier. While the majority of probiotic research has focused on the use of live bacteria, there has been a recent interest in bioactive factors that are secreted by the bacterial cells into the cell-free supernatant (SN). There are a range of benefits to using SNs in preference to live bacteria, such as reduced risk of sepsis and greater quality control during production. This thesis represents the first detailed examination into the efficacy of probiotic-based SNs in the treatment of 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis. Firstly, four different probiotic SNs were investigated in vitro for their ability to maintain cell growth following administration of 5-FU. The two strains deemed most effective where then assessed in an in vivo model of intestinal mucositis. Rats were treated with SNs both before and after 5-FU administration. Improvement was reported in some indicators of intestinal damage in rats following SN administration. However, the overall effects were less pronounced than expected, given the extent of improvement reported in the in vitro model. These findings suggested that a different screening method was required prior to in vivo examination, and that the current in vivo treatment protocol required review. As mucositis occurs only following chemotherapy administration, there is opportunity to administer therapeutic compounds prior to the onset of the disorder with the aim of preventing its development, rather than treating the damage. Two strains, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), were examined for their ability to prevent 5-FU-induced reduction in intestinal barrier function and increased epithelial cell apoptosis in an in vitro model. Both SNs inhibited 5-FU-induced changes to barrier function and apoptosis. The success of these strains in a preventative treatment regime warranted further investigation in… Advisors/Committee Members: Howarth, Gordon Stanley (advisor), Geier, Mark Steven (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: probiotics; supernatants; intestinal mucositis; chemotherapy

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Prisciandaro, L. D. (2013). Probiotic-derived factors for the treatment and prevention of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/96820

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Prisciandaro, Luca David. “Probiotic-derived factors for the treatment and prevention of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis.” 2013. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/96820.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Prisciandaro, Luca David. “Probiotic-derived factors for the treatment and prevention of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis.” 2013. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Prisciandaro LD. Probiotic-derived factors for the treatment and prevention of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/96820.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Prisciandaro LD. Probiotic-derived factors for the treatment and prevention of 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/96820

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

29. Terry, Robyn. Managing the lactating sow to stimulate lactation ovulation.

Degree: 2015, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98161

► In lactation, sows are typically anoestrus, with ovulation occurring three to seven days after weaning at approximately 24 days post-partum. Increasing piglet age to greater… (more)

▼ In lactation, sows are typically anoestrus, with ovulation occurring three to seven days after weaning at approximately 24 days post-partum. Increasing piglet age to greater than 28 days improves piglet performance and welfare; however, it also results in reduced sow farrowing frequencies, making the commercial adoption of increasing piglet weaning age unsustainable. Stimulating a sow to ovulate in lactation represents a solution as it enables lactation length to be increased whilst maintaining reproductive efficiencies. The aims of the research reported in this thesis were to investigate mechanisms to reliably stimulate a lactation oestrus in multiparous and primiparous sows. Secondly, to determine the effect of these strategies on piglet growth, subsequent pregnancy rate, farrowing rate and litter size. The mechanisms investigated were focused on: reducing the suckling input to the sow through split weaning or low-confinement alternative lactation housing; and fence, or full physical, boar exposure. The importance of a reduced suckling input was demonstrated in Chapter Two. The proportion of sows expressing a lactation oestrus increased as the number of piglets weaned on day 18 of lactation increased from zero, three, five to seven. Additionally, early weaning did not compromise growth of the split weaned piglets, with both early and late weaned piglets experiencing similar body weights by day 40 of age. Chapter Three evaluated the effect of full physical boar exposure commencing at day 10, 14 or 18 postpartum on the incidence of lactation oestrus in primiparous and multiparous sows. A high proportion of multiparous sows expressed a lactation oestrus in response to boar exposure compared to first parity sows; however, the summer months impacted this expression. No benefits of commencing boar exposure before day 18 post-partum on lactation oestrus expression were observed. Chapter Four coupled full physical boar exposure with split weaning of piglets at day 18 post-partum within a commercial piggery. Boar exposure was effective at stimulating a lactation oestrus in multiparous sows whereas primiparous sows require, in addition to boar exposure, a reduction in suckled litter size. A high incidence (24%) of lactating multiparous sows that received no stimulation spontaneously ovulated before weaning resulting in a prolonged weaning to oestrus interval. These results suggest that for the modern sow, weaning is not necessary for ovulation. Lastly, Chapter Five demonstrated that low confinement lactation housing from seven days post-partum, in combination with fence line boar exposure, was not sufficient to stimulate a lactation oestrus. Overall, split weaning to seven piglets in conjunction with physical boar exposure resulted in the highest proportion of lactation oestrus expression with this response greater in multiparous sows than primiparous sows. Season affected the proportion of lactation oestrus expression, and this requires further investigation. Furthermore, the incidence of spontaneous ovulation during… Advisors/Committee Members: Kind, Karen Lee (advisor), van Wettere, William (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: sow lactation oestrus; split weaning; boar exposure

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Terry, R. (2015). Managing the lactating sow to stimulate lactation ovulation. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98161

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Terry, Robyn. “Managing the lactating sow to stimulate lactation ovulation.” 2015. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98161.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Terry, Robyn. “Managing the lactating sow to stimulate lactation ovulation.” 2015. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Terry R. Managing the lactating sow to stimulate lactation ovulation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98161.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Terry R. Managing the lactating sow to stimulate lactation ovulation. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98161

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

30. Musimuko, Ellison. Genetic diversity and estimation of genetic parameters for economically important traits in Zambian cattle.

Degree: 2014, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98159

► Current genetic erosion of indigenous breeds is common. Globally, this has become a major concern. In Zambia, genetic improvement programs rely upon traditional selection and… (more)

▼ Current genetic erosion of indigenous breeds is common. Globally, this has become a major concern. In Zambia, genetic improvement programs rely upon traditional selection and breed substitution, and do not utilise local animal genetic resources. The aim of this work was to provide information for genetic improvement strategies, including the preferred traits of cattle breeders, estimating genetic diversity and genetic parameters, to improve and conserve local well-adapted indigenous cattle. This study used quantitative survey data, collected between September 2012 and December 2012. Both parametric and non-parametric tests were conducted to test if there were significant differences in preferences for traits between three regions of Zambia, namely Namwala, Chipata and Lundazi. The tests revealed that there were no significance differences for the traits preferred between the regions. However, large-scale farmers preferred larger sized animals and emerging small-scale cattle farmers preferred fertility traits. Genetic data from 274 alleles generated using 32 microsatellite markers from 72 individuals representing three indigenous Zambian cattle breeds (Angoni, Tonga and Barotse) was used to assess genetic diversity and population structure. Although, Zambian indigenous cattle breeds did not exhibit a high and unique breed’s purity, cattle exhibited a higher level of genetic diversity within breeds than between breeds. Despite the evidence of a close gene flow between the three populations, inbreeding was largely insignificant going by the Bayesian cluster at K=2. It may be further evidence of existing divergent and multi-loci genetic admixtures between and within breeds. If accurate, the uniqueness of the population clustering offers valuable information on the gene pool available for selection within breeds for utilisation, genetic improvement and conservation. However, Tonga and Barotse breeds appeared to exhibit lower genetic diversity than Angoni. To measure the genetic parameters for growth, data for 266 Angoni and 606 Boran weaning weights for 15 years were used in linear mixed models to estimate variances and heritabilities. The change in the log-likelihood was used to test for improvements when comparing models. Fixed effects of sex, breed, and age were determined on weaning weight. Random effects included breed by animal and breed by dam. Separate breed variances were not significant and so the overall direct heritability and maternal heritability was moderate (20% and 19%, respectively) using the best model (6). Thus, these heritability estimates of direct and maternal effects on weaning weight indicate it should be possible to make good genetic progress for this trait. Zambian indigenous cattle provide rich genetic resources, exhibiting moderately heritability, and therefore, have the potential to be improved by using appropriate planning and flexible breeding programs. This is important because the current trends show a substantial increase in demand for meat worldwide and if farmers in Zambia wish to… Advisors/Committee Members: Pitchford, Wayne Scott (advisor), Bottema, Cynthia Denise Klemme (advisor), School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Zambia; cattle; genetics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Musimuko, E. (2014). Genetic diversity and estimation of genetic parameters for economically important traits in Zambian cattle. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98159

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Musimuko, Ellison. “Genetic diversity and estimation of genetic parameters for economically important traits in Zambian cattle.” 2014. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98159.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Musimuko, Ellison. “Genetic diversity and estimation of genetic parameters for economically important traits in Zambian cattle.” 2014. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Musimuko E. Genetic diversity and estimation of genetic parameters for economically important traits in Zambian cattle. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98159.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Musimuko E. Genetic diversity and estimation of genetic parameters for economically important traits in Zambian cattle. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98159

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations