Abstract: During the last years the concept of Payment for Environmental Services is experiencing a growing interest in developed countries as in developing countries. A wide range of theoretical and practical work is currently being held around the world. Many different organizations are involved including research, government, not government agencies and private companies. In Brazil, this new tool is already being applied in some areas demonstrating innovative mechanisms for the management of water resources, which leverages investments in the recovery and preservation of watersheds. This work is carried out to verify the applicability of the PSA in Brazil in water resource management, focusing on the watershed in environmental planning within the legal aspect nationwide. The methodology used was bibliographic and digital survey, and documentary research, from 2005 to 2017 and case study from the city of Piracaia as proposal for the ranking of environmental services indicators of the Project Mina d¿Água of the Government of São Paulo. Consult the website of the National Water Agency, Water Producer Programme mapped the locations in Brazil adhering to the program, providing improved water and the increase in average river flows in river basins of strategic importance for the country (Municipality of Extrema - MG, watershed of the Piracicaba, Capivari and Jaguari - PCJ / MG, Pipiripau-DF, State of Espirito Santo - ES, Apucarana -PR, Guandu-RJ). The applicability of PSA in the management of water resources in Brazil comes a pioneer in the City of Extrema - MG, by means of Law No. 2.100/2005 and regulated by Decree No. 1703/2006, is Brazil's first municipal initiative that launches the Conservative Project for Water in river basins, ensuring the socio-economic and environmental sustainability of management systems and practices implemented through environmental services to landowners. In the same period the Fundação O Boticário Nature Protection launched the Oasis Project, aiming to protect water sources in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. In the legal aspect, processing a draft Law No. 5.487/09, authored by the Federal Executive Branch sent to Congress at 2009, whose purpose is to establish the National Policy of Environmental Services, the Federal Program for Payment for Services Environmental establishing forms of control and funding of the program. The draft Law 5.487/09 was annexed to other bills that deal with the subject. Another initiative is the State of São Paulo, created by the executive branch, which creates a Resolution of the Secretary of State for the Environment, dealing the theme rises in spring¿s protection mode, the Project Mina d¿Água. Within the context of the springs become, increasingly, strategic spaces for the survival of cities due to the sharp rise in demand and qualitative impairment of water intended for supplying the urban populations. The watershed areas have suffered major environmental impacts due to human activities. PSA is an innovative mechanism for the management of water… Advisors/Committee Members: UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS (CRUESP), Mariotoni, Carlos Alberto, 1951- (advisor), Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo (institution), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil (nameofprogram), Berni, Mauro Donizetti (committee member), Reydon, Bastiaan (committee member), Mauad, Frederico Fabio (committee member), Lenzi, Arcanjo (committee member).