+publisher:"The Ohio State University" +contributor:("Raasch, Thomas")

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The Ohio State University

1. Dougherty, Bradley Edward. Visual and Demographic Factors in Bioptic Driving Training and Road Safety.

Degree: PhD, Vision Science, 2013, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366284836

► Bioptic telescopic spectacles (BTS) allow people with vision impairment to obtain driving licensure even when their visual acuity does not meet normal state standards. BTS… (more)

▼ Bioptic telescopic spectacles (BTS) allow people with vision impairment to obtain driving licensure even when their visual acuity does not meet normal state standards. BTS are spectacles with a small telescope implanted in one or both of the lenses. The telescope is used for brief periods during driving to spot distant targets such as road signs and traffic signals. The study described in this dissertation examines visual and demographic associations among obtaining a bioptic driving license, training and road testing results, and motor vehicle collisions in patients with low vision. The study also compares the collision rate of bioptic drivers to that of a control group of non-bioptic drivers matched on age and sex. A retrospective study of medical records was completed for patients examined for entry into the Ohio bioptic driving program at the College of Optometry at The Ohio State University over a five year period. Data were collected on visual factors, documented driver training, licensure testing results, and post-licensure driving record. No significant associations were found among visual and demographic factors and obtaining licensure after an initial vision examination. Several factors were significantly associated with the amount of training documented for candidates for licensure, including age and previous non-bioptic driving experience. The amount of training documented was associated with road testing results, but not with driving safety after licensure. Previous driving experience was also significantly associated with occurrence of motor vehicle collisions (MVC) in bioptic drivers, with drivers without previous experience having approximately 2.5 times as many collisions per year of licensure than those with previous experience. Other significant associations with MVC in bioptic drivers included age and the number of non-collision related convictions. Nystagmus was independently associated with MVC, but no other patient visual factors were associated with MVC. The rate of MVC per year for bioptic drivers was significantly greater than that of a group of control drivers matched on age and sex. This is consistent with past studies of bioptic collision rates. It is also consistent with past findings that groups with various medical restrictions have higher collision rates than control groups. This study does not address driving exposure in terms of actual mileage driven by bioptic drivers, and so no conclusions can be made regarding the rate of collision per mile driven for bioptic drivers, the visual or demographic associations with that figure, or how bioptic drivers compare to non-bioptic drivers in terms of collisions per mile driven. Advisors/Committee Members: Raasch, Thomas (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Ophthalmology; Optics; Public Health; Public Policy; Transportation; Biomedical Research; Health Sciences; bioptic driving; low vision; visual impairment; vision; bioptic telescopic spectacles; visual acuity; contrast sensitivity; motor vehicle collision; visual field; training; road test; driving performance

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dougherty, B. E. (2013). Visual and Demographic Factors in Bioptic Driving Training and Road Safety. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366284836

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dougherty, Bradley Edward. “Visual and Demographic Factors in Bioptic Driving Training and Road Safety.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 24, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366284836.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dougherty, Bradley Edward. “Visual and Demographic Factors in Bioptic Driving Training and Road Safety.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dougherty BE. Visual and Demographic Factors in Bioptic Driving Training and Road Safety. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 24]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366284836.

Council of Science Editors:

Dougherty BE. Visual and Demographic Factors in Bioptic Driving Training and Road Safety. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2013. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366284836

The Ohio State University

2. Lehman, Joseph Christian. Sphero-cylindrical Refraction with Spherical Lenses.

Degree: MS, Vision Science, 2020, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587510615809807

► Purpose: To develop a meridional sphero-cylindrical subjective refraction method that does not require expensive equipment or extensive clinical training. To test the method empirically in… (more)

▼ Purpose: To develop a meridional sphero-cylindrical subjective refraction method that does not require expensive equipment or extensive clinical training. To test the method empirically in normally-sighted subjects.Methods: Participants were 35 young, normally sighted subjects with natural pupils and accommodation. Subjects viewed Gaussian-attenuated square wave gratings at four orientations (0°, 45°, 90° and 135°) with a 2.3 cycle/degree fundamental spatial frequency. The maximum plus spherical dioptric power for best subjective clarity was determined for each grating orientation, yielding the refractive correction needed in the four cardinal meridians. The sphero-cylindrical correction is represented by the one cycle sinusoid that best fits those data. Within- and between-session test-retest differences in M, J0, and J45 were calculated, as were astigmatic and total dioptric power differences. Goodness-of-fit metrics were derived from the differences in measured values within each orientation, and from the differences between the measured values and the best-fitting sphero-cylindrical power. Visual acuity was measured with each resulting sphero-cylindrical correction. Results: In normally sighted subjects, median between-session test-retest differences for astigmatism are similar to published values for standard subjective refraction: ~0.13 D for both. Median differences for total dioptric power are larger than published values (0.26 D vs 0.20 D). The 95th percentile for astigmatic and total dioptric differences is larger by up to 40%, attributed to a greater number of outliers. LogMAR acuity is significantly correlated with the goodness-of-fit metrics. Conclusions: In normally sighted subjects, this method results in median test-retest difference distributions that are similar to those found with standard subjective refraction. Mean and 95th percentile values for refractive components are larger than those for standard subjective refraction. Those differences are due to higher numbers of outliers, attributed to less effective control of overminussing some subjects. This problem of overminussing could be improved with modifications to the refraction procedure. The method could be adapted for use in settings in which full clinical resources and highly trained personnel are not available. Advisors/Committee Members: Raasch, Thomas (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Optics; Ophthalmology; Subjective Refraction, Uncorrected Refractive Error, Meridional Refraction, Vector Refraction, Alternative Subjective Refraction Technique

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lehman, J. C. (2020). Sphero-cylindrical Refraction with Spherical Lenses. (Masters Thesis). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587510615809807

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lehman, Joseph Christian. “Sphero-cylindrical Refraction with Spherical Lenses.” 2020. Masters Thesis, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 24, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587510615809807.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lehman, Joseph Christian. “Sphero-cylindrical Refraction with Spherical Lenses.” 2020. Web. 24 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lehman JC. Sphero-cylindrical Refraction with Spherical Lenses. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 24]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587510615809807.

Council of Science Editors:

Lehman JC. Sphero-cylindrical Refraction with Spherical Lenses. [Masters Thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2020. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587510615809807

The Ohio State University

3. Fromberg, Jennifer Marie. ORVIS: The Ohio Reading and Visual Impairment Study.

Degree: MS, Vision Science, 2018, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524014036206295

► A common goal of low vision patients is to maximize their sight for reading. The Ohio Reading and Visual Impairment Study (ORVIS) examined the relationships… (more)

▼ A common goal of low vision patients is to maximize their sight for reading. The Ohio Reading and Visual Impairment Study (ORVIS) examined the relationships between clinical vision measures, including reading performance, in visually impaired patients. The main goal was to evaluate predictive models for reading based on parameters collected during eye examinations. In this retrospective chart review, we evaluated examination data for 410 new patients who presented to the Low Vision Rehabilitation Service at The Ohio State University College of Optometry during a three-year period (2012 to 2015). The primary inclusion criterion was a minimum set of spatial vision data, including distance visual acuity and critical print size estimation (i.e. smallest angular print size that allows maximum reading rate). Data extracted included presenting visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, lighting preferences, estimated peak reading speed, critical print size (typically attained with the MNREAD test), and threshold print size. Descriptive statistics suggest that our patient demographics are similar to those of other large-scale low vision clinical studies. The average age of patients is 72 years, and the majority of patients are female (65%) and have age-related macular degeneration (53%). Threshold print size is on average worse (i.e. a larger angular size) than distance visual acuity by 0.077 log units, or about a factor of 1.2. In addition, both threshold print size and distance visual acuity are poor predictors of critical print size. The mean difference between critical print size and distance visual acuity is 0.273 log units, or approximately three lines, while the mean difference between critical print size and threshold print size is smaller at 0.197 log units, or approximately two lines. Regression analysis reveals that these differences diminish with poorer acuities. Furthermore, there is substantial variability in the magnitude of these differences, even for individuals with the same distance acuity or threshold print size. Calculation of 95% confidence intervals suggests that those critical print size estimates based on distance visual acuity can be approximated only within ±0.478 log units, while those based on threshold print size can be approximated only within ±0.288 log units. These results support direct measurement of critical print size with a dedicated reading assessment, rather than calculation of critical print size from a distance visual acuity or threshold acuity measurement. Advisors/Committee Members: Raasch, Thomas (Advisor), Flom, Roanne (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Ophthalmology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Fromberg, J. M. (2018). ORVIS: The Ohio Reading and Visual Impairment Study. (Masters Thesis). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524014036206295

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fromberg, Jennifer Marie. “ORVIS: The Ohio Reading and Visual Impairment Study.” 2018. Masters Thesis, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 24, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524014036206295.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fromberg, Jennifer Marie. “ORVIS: The Ohio Reading and Visual Impairment Study.” 2018. Web. 24 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Fromberg JM. ORVIS: The Ohio Reading and Visual Impairment Study. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 24]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524014036206295.

Council of Science Editors:

Fromberg JM. ORVIS: The Ohio Reading and Visual Impairment Study. [Masters Thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2018. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524014036206295

4. Andrews, Erin Jessica. Computer-assisted Adaptive Methods of Measuring Visual Acuity.

Degree: MS, Vision Science, 2017, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492549443966615

► Visual acuity measurement has evolved very little throughout the course of its history. Few changes have been proposed and even fewer have been adopted to… (more)

▼ Visual acuity measurement has evolved very little throughout the course of its history. Few changes have been proposed and even fewer have been adopted to advance the process of measuring visual ability. One major and widely accepted advancement includes logMAR size progression (Bailey-Lovie and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study) chart designs. Logarithmic progression allows for visual acuity measurements to be expanded over a larger range of values, and it also provides the opportunity to quantify acuity changes in terms of “lines of change”. Logarithmic progression also allows for easy letter-by-letter scoring, which is a more accurate and repeatable determination of visual acuity when compared to line-by-line scoring. Additional investigations to improve visual acuity measurement testing have aimed to increase reliability, repeatability, and efficiency. For example, computerized methods of visual acuity testing have been tested. These methods have faced several challenges. Further, adaptive psychophysical methods such as BestPEST and ZEST have been employed in some investigations to improve efficiency and accuracy of threshold visual acuity testing. Adaptive procedures manipulate testing based on previous answers and concentrate testing close to the estimated threshold to efficiently determine an accurate and reliable end point measurement of threshold. Both computer-assisted and adaptive procedures for measuring visual acuity still require investigation and improvement. Visual acuity measurement is one of the most commonly used and most important measures of visual quality and function, and is likely the most commonly used measurement in clinical optometry. Therefore, it is important for the measurement to be standardized and efficient, and its scoring to be accurate, reliable, and repeatable. This study aims to investigate test and scoring procedures in adaptive computer-assisted visual acuity.Computer-assisted VA procedures were evaluated in 52 normally-sighted subjects divided into three experiments. LogMAR procedures were compared to three versions of adaptive methods (PEST, ZEST, and curve fits to the probability of seeing). Repeatability was evaluated as test-retest (TRT) distributions, separated by 1-2 weeks, and by “simultaneous” scores, i.e. trials from test and retest randomly interleaved within the same session. Subjects responded verbally or by typing. LogMAR acuity was measured with a standard logMAR chart, and with a modified single-letter method. Finally, a response-verification procedure required subjects to confirm letter selection in order to minimize typing errors. Test times, mean visual acuity, and test-retest differences were evaluated and compared for all experiments.Within each experiment, the three adaptive scoring methods produced very similar results, with all differences between curve-fitting, PEST and ZEST being less than 0.02 log units, or less than one “letter” of acuity. The method used to run each experiment (CF for Expt 1, ZEST for Expts 2 and 3) also produced the… Advisors/Committee Members: Raasch, Thomas (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Optics; Health Sciences; Visual acuity measurement; BestPEST; ZEST; clinical optometry; adaptive computer-assisted visual acuity

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Andrews, E. J. (2017). Computer-assisted Adaptive Methods of Measuring Visual Acuity. (Masters Thesis). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492549443966615

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Andrews, Erin Jessica. “Computer-assisted Adaptive Methods of Measuring Visual Acuity.” 2017. Masters Thesis, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 24, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492549443966615.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Andrews, Erin Jessica. “Computer-assisted Adaptive Methods of Measuring Visual Acuity.” 2017. Web. 24 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Andrews EJ. Computer-assisted Adaptive Methods of Measuring Visual Acuity. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 24]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492549443966615.

Council of Science Editors:

Andrews EJ. Computer-assisted Adaptive Methods of Measuring Visual Acuity. [Masters Thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2017. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1492549443966615

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