+publisher:"Texas A&M University" +contributor:("Villalobos, Alice")

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Texas A&M University

1. Elmore, Sarah Elizabeth. Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Exposure: International Survey and Enterosorption Mitigation Strategy in Humans.

Degree: PhD, Toxicology, 2016, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157053

► Aflatoxins (AFs) are toxic metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Fumonisins (FBs) are also toxic products of fungi, specifically Fusarium verticilloides and F.… (more)

▼ Aflatoxins (AFs) are toxic metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Fumonisins (FBs) are also toxic products of fungi, specifically Fusarium verticilloides and F. proliferatum. Both toxins commonly contaminate staple grains and cereals such as maize and groundnuts. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most toxic and prevalent of the AFs. Chronic dietary exposure to AFs is a known risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma and may also affect protein metabolism and the immune system. Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is the most abundant and toxicologically significant of the congeners. In populations where AFs and FBs are inextricable contaminants, a multi-faceted approach must be implemented to reduce exposure to these toxins, especially in the young who are more susceptible. Alternative methods such as calcium montmorillonite clay (UPSN or ACCS100) as an enterosorbent therapy that focus on reducing biological exposure to AFs and FBs in foods already contaminated are desirable as a secondary defense to the harmful effects of these toxins. Therefore, I propose to test the efficacy of UPSN in food matrices, identify populations at high risk for AFs and FBs with urinary biomarkers, and finally, combine clay technology and biomarker analysis to intervene with UPSN or ACCS100 in frequently exposed human populations. In these studies UPSN was able to significantly reduce AFB1 under common cooking conditions in a corn meal matrix suggesting a potential delivery of the clay directly in the contaminated food. A high prevalence of exposure to variable AFB1 and FB1 levels in participants from Monterrey, Mexico was observed. After a two week crossover trial in a high risk area of Kenya with 3.0g ACCS100/day mixed in water, urinary aflatoxin M1 (an AFB1 metabolite) was significantly reduced compared to the placebo group. ACCS100 was found to be safe and well tolerated suggesting potential for reducing exposure to AF in this particular population during outbreak situations. In a 3-month intervention with 3.0g or 1.5g ACCS100/day (encapsulated) in San Antonio, Texas, AFB1-lysine (an AFB1 protein adduct) was significantly reduced in the Low Dose group (1.5g) compared to Placebo. ACCS100 was well tolerated in the majority of participants and no significant changes in serum biochemistry or hematology were detected in any treatment group. Thus, use of calcium montmorillonite clay at doses as low as 1.5g/day and delivered in capsules, food, drink, or water may provide a viable strategy to reduce dietary AFB1 bioavailability in populations exposed to this toxin for up to 3 months. Moreover, AF and FB exposure is a global and unavoidable public health concern and biomarkers are important tools for monitoring exposure. Advisors/Committee Members: Phillips, Timothy D. (advisor), Harvey, Roger B. (committee member), Safe, Stephen H. (committee member), Villalobos, Alice R.A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Aflatoxin; Fumonisin; Calcium Montmorillonite Clay; ACCS100; UPSN; Enterosorption; Clay Mitigation Therapy; Biomarkers Of Exposure

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APA (6^th Edition):

Elmore, S. E. (2016). Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Exposure: International Survey and Enterosorption Mitigation Strategy in Humans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157053

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Elmore, Sarah Elizabeth. “Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Exposure: International Survey and Enterosorption Mitigation Strategy in Humans.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157053.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Elmore, Sarah Elizabeth. “Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Exposure: International Survey and Enterosorption Mitigation Strategy in Humans.” 2016. Web. 26 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Elmore SE. Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Exposure: International Survey and Enterosorption Mitigation Strategy in Humans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157053.

Council of Science Editors:

Elmore SE. Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Exposure: International Survey and Enterosorption Mitigation Strategy in Humans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157053

Texas A&M University

2. Chupik, Rachel Beth. Developments in the Understanding of the Dinitrosyl Iron Unit: Its Stabilization, Reactivity, and Nitric Oxide Release.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173248

► Dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs), as well as S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs), form endogenously to provide a stable means of storage and transport for the highly reactive signaling… (more)

▼ Dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs), as well as S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs), form endogenously to provide a stable means of storage and transport for the highly reactive signaling molecule, nitric oxide. Through the development of biomimetic complexes, the fundamental chemistry of such DNICs is established within a range of ligand sets as anionic and neutral donors that stabilize the dinitrosyl iron unit, DNIU, in oxidized {Fe(NO)₂}⁹ and reduced {Fe(NO)₂}¹⁰ (Enemark-Feltham notation) redox levels. This amorphous electronic characteristic is readily accommodated by amino acid residues, cysteinyl S- and histidine N-donors, and their surrogates, as ligands to iron. My research targets a greater understanding of DNIC reactivity with components of cellular environments, the possible connections between the electronically similar d⁹ , Cu(II) and d¹⁰, Cu(I), redox couple, the DNIC/Copper/RSNO connections, structural studies of aggregates of DNICs with metallodithiolates, as well as design strategies for NO-release therapeutic development of DNICs. A stable, reduced, {Fe(NO)₂}¹⁰ DNIC containing a bipyridyl ligand, [(neo)Fe(NO)₂] (neo = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) was used to explore redox switches and N₂ ligand exchange between copper and the Fe(NO)₂. Both Cu^I and Cu^II sources were found to promote neo ligand transfer from the DNIU with concomitant NO release. With Cu^II, redox processes were also involved, as evidenced by the formation of a mixture of oxidized {Fe(NO)₂}⁹ DNICs, in addition to both Cu^I- and Cu^II-neo complexes. Copper is known to catalyze the release of NO from RSNOs, and our discoveries found here are the first biomimetic investigation of copper’s reactivity with DNICs. Reaction of an RSNO with reduced, {Fe(NO)₂}¹⁰ DNICs, [(L)₂Fe(NO)₂] (L = CO or neo), results in NO release and the formation of a unique (-S)(SR)₂[Fe(NO)₂]₄ cluster, containing an interstitial sulfide. Such a cluster can be visualized as a plausible intermediate in the known conversion of DNICs to FeS clusters. The NO released showed complete scrambling with ¹⁵N-labeled RSNO. Although DNICs are promising NO-delivery candidates, the lack of biocompatible examples has hindered their development into useful therapeutics. We reported the first DNICs with pendant thiosugars, isolated in both monomeric and dimeric form. Cytotoxicity towards endothelial cells was low and steady NO release over several hours was observed in aqueous media. Advisors/Committee Members: Darensbourg, Marcetta Y (advisor), Lindahl, Paul (committee member), Nippe, Michael (committee member), Villalobos, Alice Y. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Dinitrosyl iron unit; dinitrosyl iron complex; DNIC; nitric oxide

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chupik, R. B. (2017). Developments in the Understanding of the Dinitrosyl Iron Unit: Its Stabilization, Reactivity, and Nitric Oxide Release. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173248

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chupik, Rachel Beth. “Developments in the Understanding of the Dinitrosyl Iron Unit: Its Stabilization, Reactivity, and Nitric Oxide Release.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173248.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chupik, Rachel Beth. “Developments in the Understanding of the Dinitrosyl Iron Unit: Its Stabilization, Reactivity, and Nitric Oxide Release.” 2017. Web. 26 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Chupik RB. Developments in the Understanding of the Dinitrosyl Iron Unit: Its Stabilization, Reactivity, and Nitric Oxide Release. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173248.

Council of Science Editors:

Chupik RB. Developments in the Understanding of the Dinitrosyl Iron Unit: Its Stabilization, Reactivity, and Nitric Oxide Release. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173248

Texas A&M University

3. Eagleton, Navada Lorraine. Novel Functions for the Pregnane X Receptor include Regulation of mRNA Turnover and Involvement in Colon Cancer Progression.

Degree: MS, Toxicology, 2011, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8029

► To understand the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of PXR, we performed yeast two-hybrid screenings to search for PXR-interacting proteins in a human liver cDNA library… (more)

▼ To understand the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of PXR, we performed yeast two-hybrid screenings to search for PXR-interacting proteins in a human liver cDNA library using the PXR ligand binding domain as the bait. More than one million independent clones were screened. One positive clone was a partial cDNA of CNOT2 (amino acid 183-540). CNOT2 is a component of CCR4-NOT that is a multi-subunit protein complex highly conserved from yeast to humans. Using a mammalian two-hybrid system in CV-1 cells and GST-pull down assays, we confirmed the direct interaction between PXR and CNOT2 and mapped the specific domains of association. In HepG2 cells, over expression of CNOT2 suppressed the PXR-regulated luciferase reporter gene activity. siRNA knockdown of CNOT2 potentiated PXR-transcriptional activity. These results strongly suggest that the CCR4-NOT complex is significantly involved in transcriptional regulation of PXR. The immuno-precipitated CNOT2 complex contained deadenylase activity as determined by an in vitro RNA decay assay. The presence of transfected PXR inhibited the cNOT2-associated deadenylase activity, as demonstrated by poly(A) tail PCR. Cellular localization of PXR and cNOT2 by immuno-fluorescence microscopy indicates that the interaction might occur within Cajal Bodies. Taken together, these results suggest that PXR regulates the mRNA turnover through direct interaction with the NOT2 component of the CCR4-NOT complex. PXR is also involved in colon cancer progression. Our results indicate that the evolutionarily conserved PXR protects organisms from carcinogenesis by inhibiting tumor growth as well as eliminating carcinogenic substances. Our laboratory proposes that pregnane X receptor has an important role in maintaining the balance of cells progressing through the cell cycle. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate expression of PXR in colon cancer cells slows the progression of tumor formation. Colony growth of the PXR-transfected HT29 cells was suppressed in soft agar assay. In the xenograft assay, the tumor size formed in nude mice was significantly suppressed in HT29 cells stably transfected with PXR (310 mg /- 6.2 vs. 120 mg±6, p<0.01). The number of Ki-67 positive cells were significantly decreased in PXR-transfected HT29 xenograft tumor tissue compared vector-transfected HT29 controls (p<0.01) as determined by immuno-histochemistry suggesting that PXR inhibits proliferation of colon cancer cells. Results of flow cytometry analysis indicated that PXR-transfection in HT29 cells caused G0/G1 arrest. The growth inhibitory effects of PXR are likely mediated through the E2F/Rb-regulated check point since E2F1 nuclear expression was significantly inhibited by PXR over expression. Advisors/Committee Members: Tian, Yanan (advisor), Safe, Stephen (committee member), Porter, Weston (committee member), Villalobos, Alice (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: pregnane X receptor; PXR; CNOT2; colon cancer

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APA (6^th Edition):

Eagleton, N. L. (2011). Novel Functions for the Pregnane X Receptor include Regulation of mRNA Turnover and Involvement in Colon Cancer Progression. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8029

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Eagleton, Navada Lorraine. “Novel Functions for the Pregnane X Receptor include Regulation of mRNA Turnover and Involvement in Colon Cancer Progression.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8029.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Eagleton, Navada Lorraine. “Novel Functions for the Pregnane X Receptor include Regulation of mRNA Turnover and Involvement in Colon Cancer Progression.” 2011. Web. 26 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Eagleton NL. Novel Functions for the Pregnane X Receptor include Regulation of mRNA Turnover and Involvement in Colon Cancer Progression. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8029.

Council of Science Editors:

Eagleton NL. Novel Functions for the Pregnane X Receptor include Regulation of mRNA Turnover and Involvement in Colon Cancer Progression. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8029

Texas A&M University

4. Trojacek, Erica. Identification of Significantly Regulated Genes in the Estrogen Induced Gallus gallus Liver Over a 24-Hour Time Course.

Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10289

► In birds, estrogen is a strong stimulator of gene programs that regulate the formation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). Apolipoprotein-B (ApoB) is an integral… (more)

▼ In birds, estrogen is a strong stimulator of gene programs that regulate the formation of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). Apolipoprotein-B (ApoB) is an integral part of very low density lipoproteins. In mammals, the rate of ApoB synthesis is controlled by post-translational means. In contrast, estrogen treated birds show changes in ApoB transcript level; in a natural setting, the bird?s metabolism and transcription are in great flux due to yolk formation. Besides the ApoB gene, the entire complement of genes that is necessary to form a VLDL is not known. To determine the genes that play a role in the formation of VLDL 7-10d old chicks were injected with estrogen at several time points over a 24hr period. Following exsanguinations by cardiac puncture, livers were removed and RNA was extracted. The RNA was quantified and hybridized to microarrays using a dual-dye system. Slides were scanned and analyzed, and features were extracted. To qualify microarray results, quantitative real time PCR (q-RTPCR) was done on a selection of genes. Previous studies had shown that approximately 200 genes are upregulated by the treatment of hormone naive chickens with estrogen. As a result of our liver transcriptional profiling, we identified 1,528 genes at 1.5hrs, 1,931 genes at 3hrs, 2,398 genes at 6hrs, 2,356 at 12hrs, and 1,713 genes at 24hrs following estrogen exposure. We determined that these regulated genes include those responsible for the transcription of RNA used to create the gene products that serve as components of VLDL itself or that act in VLDL assembly. These include genes encoding structural proteins, like ApoB, and genes encoding assembly-related proteins. Of the differentially expressed genes as compared to time 0, there were approximately 30% which were unannotated with regards to function limiting conclusions. We hope to determine the function of these genes and to annotate them based on this information. Advisors/Committee Members: Walzem, Rosemary L. (advisor), Villalobos, Alice (committee member), Zhou, Huaijun (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: chicken; estrogen; microarray

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APA (6^th Edition):

Trojacek, E. (2012). Identification of Significantly Regulated Genes in the Estrogen Induced Gallus gallus Liver Over a 24-Hour Time Course. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10289

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Trojacek, Erica. “Identification of Significantly Regulated Genes in the Estrogen Induced Gallus gallus Liver Over a 24-Hour Time Course.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10289.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Trojacek, Erica. “Identification of Significantly Regulated Genes in the Estrogen Induced Gallus gallus Liver Over a 24-Hour Time Course.” 2012. Web. 26 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Trojacek E. Identification of Significantly Regulated Genes in the Estrogen Induced Gallus gallus Liver Over a 24-Hour Time Course. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10289.

Council of Science Editors:

Trojacek E. Identification of Significantly Regulated Genes in the Estrogen Induced Gallus gallus Liver Over a 24-Hour Time Course. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10289

Texas A&M University

5. Armstrong, Cameron Michelle. The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151883

► Epidemiological studies suggest pre-menopausal women have a reduced risk for sporadic and inflammation-associated colon cancer compared to post-menopausal women and men. The studies presented herein… (more)

▼ Epidemiological studies suggest pre-menopausal women have a reduced risk for sporadic and inflammation-associated colon cancer compared to post-menopausal women and men. The studies presented herein aim to determine the protective mechanisms of estradiol (E2) during sporadic and inflammation-associated colonic carcinogenesis. When investigating the role of E2 and fish oil at the earliest stage of sporadic colon cancer development, E2 had no effect on DNA adduct formation while dietary fish oil significantly reduced DNA adduct formation. Contrarily, E2 significantly induced apoptosis of damaged colonocytes while fish oil was not protective. In an in vivo model of inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis with E2 administered following induction of DNA damage and initiation of inflammation, E2 treatment was associated with decreased colon tumor size and number in wild type (WT) but not estrogen receptor (ER) β knockout (ERβKO) mice. Interestingly, apoptosis was reduced and proliferation increased by E2 in these tumors in WT mice. This may be due to the altered ER expression in these tissues as the tumors developed, with ERβ expression decreasing concomitantly with ERα expression increasing. Contrary to the protective effect of E2 on inflammation-associated colon tumor formation, which was dependent on ERβ, during acute inflammation in the colon E2 was protective against inflammation in both WT and ERβKO mice and injury in ERβKO mice. The protection against inflammation is likely due to the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by E2. Apoptosis and proliferation were decreased and increased in the proximal and distal colon respectively in ERβKO mice. In vitro studies further elucidated the roles of ERα and ERβ in colonocytes. E2 and ERβ, but not ERα, specific agonists reduced cell number and induce apoptosis in nonmalignant colonocytes. This effect was lost in the presence of mutated p53. In ERα overexpressed nonmalignant colonocytes, E2 had no effect on cell number while ERβ agonist and ERα agonists decreased and increased cell number respectively. These studies suggest that E2 is protective in the colon and ERβ is required for protection against carcinogenesis but not protection against inflammation. Additionally, the protection against colon carcinogenesis is likely p53 mediated. Advisors/Committee Members: Allred, Clinton D (advisor), Turner, Nancy D (committee member), Villalobos, Alice R (committee member), Weeks, Brad R (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: colon cancer; estradiol; estrogen receptor; inflammation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Armstrong, C. M. (2013). The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151883

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Armstrong, Cameron Michelle. “The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151883.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Armstrong, Cameron Michelle. “The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer.” 2013. Web. 26 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Armstrong CM. The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151883.

Council of Science Editors:

Armstrong CM. The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151883

Texas A&M University

6. Francis Stuart, Samantha D. The Pro-Antioxidant Role of Zinc Supplementation in Cadmium-Treated Choroid Plexus.

Degree: MS, Toxicology, 2014, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152822

► Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal with no known physiological function in higher order animals. Previous studies in primary cultures of neonatal rat choroid… (more)

▼ Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal with no known physiological function in higher order animals. Previous studies in primary cultures of neonatal rat choroid plexus (CP) epithelial cells indicated Cd induced oxidative stress and stimulated apical choline transport, and suggested zinc (Zn) supplementation might abate both oxidative stress and modulation of transport. The objective of this thesis was to elucidate how Zn, a nutritive mineral normally accumulated by CP, attenuated oxidative stress. I hypothesize that Zn, which can function as a pro-antioxidant, abates Cd-induced oxidative stress either by induction of metallothionein-1 (MT-1) or enhancement of glutathione (GSH) biochemistry. Thus, in primary cultures of neonatal rat CP epithelial cells, I characterized the effects of sub-micromolar Cd and efficacy of Zn supplementation to attenuate Cd-induced cellular and oxidative stress without or with manipulation of GSH synthesis. To characterize the Cd-induced stress response, CP epithelial cells were treated with 0 or 500 nM CdCl_(2) in serum-free medium (SFM) for 12 h; samples were collected at 3, 6, 9, and 12 h. Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70), and metallothionein-1 (MT-1) in Cd-treated cells was compared to time-matched controls by immunoblot and qRT-PCR analyses. Cd induced the catalytic and modifier subunits of glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), the rate-limiting enzyme in GSH synthesis. To elucidate the effects Zn supplementation in Cd-treated cells depleted of GSH, cells were supplemented for 48 h with 0 or 25 μM ZnCl_(2) alone or with 100 μM buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GCL, before treatment with 0 or 500 nM CdCl_(2) ± 100 μM BSO ± 10μM ZnCl_(2) in SFM for 12 h. By luminescence assay, intracellular GSH and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentrations were measured. Cd increased intracellular GSH and GSSG, but markedly decreased GSH:GSSG ratio. Inhibition of GSH synthesis exacerbated Cd-induced stress. However, Zn supplementation attenuated the stress response irrespective of BSO treatment, as per decreased induction of HSP70. These data indicate that CP adapts to low-dose Cd by up-regulation of stress proteins and GSH synthesis. Zinc supplementation also may attenuate Cd-induced cellular and oxidative stress, but cytoprotection is independent of GSH status. Advisors/Committee Members: Villalobos, Alice R.A. (advisor), Abbott, Louise (committee member), Tian, Yanan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: choroid plexus; cadmium; zinc; oxidative stress; glutathione; metallothionein; heat-shock protein 70; hemeoxygenase

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APA (6^th Edition):

Francis Stuart, S. D. (2014). The Pro-Antioxidant Role of Zinc Supplementation in Cadmium-Treated Choroid Plexus. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152822

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Francis Stuart, Samantha D. “The Pro-Antioxidant Role of Zinc Supplementation in Cadmium-Treated Choroid Plexus.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152822.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Francis Stuart, Samantha D. “The Pro-Antioxidant Role of Zinc Supplementation in Cadmium-Treated Choroid Plexus.” 2014. Web. 26 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Francis Stuart SD. The Pro-Antioxidant Role of Zinc Supplementation in Cadmium-Treated Choroid Plexus. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152822.

Council of Science Editors:

Francis Stuart SD. The Pro-Antioxidant Role of Zinc Supplementation in Cadmium-Treated Choroid Plexus. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152822

Texas A&M University

7. Baetge, Claire. Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women.

Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2014, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153596

► This study compared the efficacy of the Curves® Complete 90-day Challenge (CC), Weight Watchers® Points Plus (WW), Jenny Craig® At Home (JC), and Nutrisystem® Advance… (more)

▼ This study compared the efficacy of the Curves® Complete 90-day Challenge (CC), Weight Watchers® Points Plus (WW), Jenny Craig® At Home (JC), and Nutrisystem® Advance Select™ (NS) on weight loss, body composition and/or markers of health and fitness in sedentary overweight women. One hundred thirty-three women (47±11 yr, 86±14 kg, 46±5%, 35.4±6 kg/m2) were randomized into CC (n=29), WW (n=29), JC (n=27), NS (n=28), or control (n=20) for 12-wks. Self-recorded food logs (4-d), International Physical Activity Questionnaires, weight, resting energy expenditure (REE), dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, anthropometrics, and fasting blood samples were obtained at 0, 4, 8, & 12 wks. Peak aerobic capacity and muscular strength were measured at 0 and 12 wks. Data were analyzed by ANOVA or MANOVA with repeated measures. Average energy intake was 1,403±427 kcal/day with no differences among groups. CC was the only group with an increase in protein (0.15±0.30, p=0.039) combined with a reduction in carbohydrate (-0.63±0.95 g/kg/day, p=0.005) intake. CC was the only group with a significant increase in total physical activity (3,801±8,668 MET-min/wk, p=0.012) through week 8. All diet groups experienced a decrease in weight (-4.0±4.2 kg, p<0.001), body mass index (-4.0±2.1 kg/m2, p<0.001), waist circumference (-2.7±5.9, p<0.001), and hip circumference (-3.4±4.4 cm, p<0.001), and all maintained REE (0.09±2.0 kcal/kg/day, p=0.008). CC had the greatest decrease in fat mass (-3.8±4.0 kg, p<0.001) and body fat % (-2.7±3.4%, p<0.001) and was the only group that maintained fat-free mass (-0.19±2.00 kg, p=0.631). All groups, except WW, had a decrease in resting heart (-3.0±9.8 bpm, p<0.001). CC was the only group with a decrease in systolic (-7.6±14.2, p=0.002) and diastolic blood pressure (-3.6±7.3 mmHg, p=0.045). CC had the greatest increase in peak aerobic capacity (2.5±2.9 ml/kg/min, p<0.001) and was the only diet group that increased in lower (15.0±21.9 p=0.001) and upper body (8.7±12.5% p=0.001) strength. CC trended toward a decrease in total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio (-4.9±11.3%, p=0.053). Though all diet groups lost weight and had improvements in anthropometrics, CC experienced greater improvements in body composition, blood pressure, peak aerobic capacity, and muscular strength and trended toward improvements in blood lipid ratios. Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard B (advisor), Crouse, Stephen (committee member), Riechman, Steven (committee member), Villalobos, Alice (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: obesity; commercial diet; exercise; nutrition; weight loss

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APA (6^th Edition):

Baetge, C. (2014). Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153596

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Baetge, Claire. “Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153596.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Baetge, Claire. “Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women.” 2014. Web. 26 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Baetge C. Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153596.

Council of Science Editors:

Baetge C. Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153596

Texas A&M University

8. Ghahramany, Ghazal. High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10733

► About half of all deaths in developed countries are caused by cardiovascular disease. It is well known that cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk can be influenced… (more)

▼ About half of all deaths in developed countries are caused by cardiovascular disease. It is well known that cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk can be influenced by diet, but optimal dietary content of fatty acids continues to be debated. The effect of fatty acid composition of ground beef on selected cardiovascular disease risk indicators was evaluated with two primary goals. The first goal was to document effects of ground beef fatty acid composition on plasma lipoprotein concentrations, whereas the second goal was to determine the effects of ground beef fatty acid composition on gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In both studies the results were compared between men and women. Twelve men and women over age of 45 out of initially 15 completed a two-way crossover design. Subjects consumed five, 114-g ground beef patties per week for 5-wk periods separated by a 3-wk washout period. Patties contained on average 20% fat and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA): saturated fatty acid (SFA) of 0.8 and 1.1 for low- MUFA (conventional) ground beef high-MUFA (premium) ground beef patties, respectively. Blood was collected from each subject before and at the end of each diet period. Overall, the ground beef interventions decreased total plasma cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol. Plasma concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol decreased and increased, respectively with premium ground beef consumption. The change in HDL cholesterol was significant in women but not in men suggesting that premium ground beef consumption had a greater impact on women than in men. For the second goal PBMC were isolated and the expression of selected genes was quantified by real-time PCR. ATP-binding cassette A1, ATP-binding cassette G1, and low-density lipoprotein receptor relative expression was increased with premium ground beef consumption. A significant increase was seen in stearoyl-Coenzyme-A desaturase 1 expression after premium ground beef treatment. With the exception of stearoyl-Coenzyme-A desaturase 1, all these genes were down-regulated with conventional ground beef consumption. Both sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 and mediator complex subunit 1 were down-regulated after each beef patty treatment, but the effect was significant after consuming conventional ground beef. This suggests that genes involved in cholesterol metabolism were down-regulated with conventional ground beef consumption; whereas genes related to lipogenesis were up-regulated with premium ground beef consumption. From these data we concluded that different ground beef dietary interventions have different impacts on the PBMC gene expression that is related to cholesterol metabolism, inflammation and liver X receptor pathways. Advisors/Committee Members: Smith, Stephen B. (advisor), Riechman, Steven E. (committee member), Villalobos, Alice (committee member), Wu, Chaodong (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: cardiovascular disease; Oleic acid; MUFA

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ghahramany, G. (2012). High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10733

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ghahramany, Ghazal. “High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10733.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ghahramany, Ghazal. “High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women.” 2012. Web. 26 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ghahramany G. High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10733.

Council of Science Editors:

Ghahramany G. High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10733

9. Aquino, Mayra. Regulation of Zinc Transport in the Choroid Plexus.

Degree: MS, Food Science and Technology, 2014, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153201

► The choroid plexus epithelium forms the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, but also accumulates and transports nutritive minerals, such as zinc, into and out of the cerebrospinal… (more)

▼ The choroid plexus epithelium forms the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, but also accumulates and transports nutritive minerals, such as zinc, into and out of the cerebrospinal fluid. The goal of this thesis was to analyze interdependent regulation of zinc transporters with metallothionein as the choroid plexus epithelium adapts to increases or decreases in extracellular zinc. My first objective was to characterize time-dependent changes in zinc transporter and MT-1 expression as extracellular zinc was pharmacologically depleted or supplemented. My second objective was to characterize changes in zinc transporter and MT-1 expression in response to exposure to prolactin. My experimental approach was to analyze gene expression of ZnT1, Zip1, Zip6, MT-1 and carbonic anhydrase (CA-2) in primary cell cultures of neonatal rat choroid plexus and isolated tissues in which extracellular zinc was depleted with 10 μM diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid or supplemented with 25 μM ZnCl_(2) for 48 h. Gene expression was analyzed by fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Zinc accumulation studies indicate choroid plexus cells maintain capacity to accumulate zinc, even when zinc is chelated. In cells, zinc depletion decreased expression of MT-1 and ZnT1 at 3 h and increased Zip1 expression; Zip6 expression fluctuated. In isolated tissues, zinc depletion down-regulated MT-1 and ZnT1 expression, while up-regulating Zip1 and Zip6 expression. In cells, zinc supplementation induced MT-1, ZnT1 and Zip6 expression at 3 h. Zip1 expression decreased at 3 h. In isolated tissues zinc supplementation up-regulated MT-1 and ZnT1 expression, but did not alter Zip1 and Zip6 expression. These data indicate there is coordinated regulation of MT-1 and zinc transporters as extracellular zinc altered. Prolactin up-regulated gene expression of CA-2, MT-1, ZnT-1 and Zip6 in choroid plexus cells. The JAK/STAT inhibitor AG-490 increased CA-2 and MT-1 expression, but decreased ZnT1 and Zip6 expression. AG-490 further increased expression of CA-2 and MT-1 in prolactin treated cells. This suggests the JAK/STAT signaling pathway might tonically suppress basal expression of MT-1 and CA-2. AG-490 partially reversed up-regulation of ZnT-1 and Zip6 expression by prolactin. These data indicate there is a coordinated regulation of MT-1 and zinc transporters during extracellular zinc depletion or supplementation. Advisors/Committee Members: Harris, Kerri B. (advisor), Villalobos, Alice R.A. (advisor), Gomes, Carmen L. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Zinc; Choroid Plexus

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Aquino, M. (2014). Regulation of Zinc Transport in the Choroid Plexus. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153201

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Aquino, Mayra. “Regulation of Zinc Transport in the Choroid Plexus.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153201.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Aquino, Mayra. “Regulation of Zinc Transport in the Choroid Plexus.” 2014. Web. 26 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Aquino M. Regulation of Zinc Transport in the Choroid Plexus. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153201.

Council of Science Editors:

Aquino M. Regulation of Zinc Transport in the Choroid Plexus. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153201

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