+publisher:"Texas A&M University" +contributor:("Turner, Nancy D")

Texas A&M University

1. Feng, Shaoyong. Reference Radiation for Cosmic Rays in RBE Research.

Degree: MS, Health Physics, 2011, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8530

► When astronauts travel in space, they are exposed to high energy cosmic radiations. The cosmic ray spectrum contains very high energy particles, generally up to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Cosmic rays; Reference radiation; RBE; Microdosimetry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Feng, S. (2011). Reference Radiation for Cosmic Rays in RBE Research. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8530

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Feng, Shaoyong. “Reference Radiation for Cosmic Rays in RBE Research.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8530.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Feng, Shaoyong. “Reference Radiation for Cosmic Rays in RBE Research.” 2011. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Feng S. Reference Radiation for Cosmic Rays in RBE Research. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8530.

Council of Science Editors:

Feng S. Reference Radiation for Cosmic Rays in RBE Research. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8530

Texas A&M University

2. Boswell, Sara Elizabeth. Development of Gluten-Free Baking Methods Utilizing Sorghum Flour.

Degree: MS, Food Science and Technology, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8911

► Increasing diagnosis and awareness of celiac disease and gluten intolerance has created a need for developing improved quality gluten-free sandwich breads. Sorghum is a naturally… (more)

▼ Increasing diagnosis and awareness of celiac disease and gluten intolerance has created a need for developing improved quality gluten-free sandwich breads. Sorghum is a naturally gluten-free grain with ideal baking qualities that is underutilized in the gluten-free baking industry. Research is needed on developing gluten-free breads utilizing sorghum flour that could be used in future research and commercial production. Three objectives were tested. Objectives evaluated feasibility of using egg white foam with leavening agents in yeast-free bread, optimum mixing time in a laboratory control bread utilizing sorghum flour, and maximizing the amount of sorghum flour that could be used in the control formulation. Four comparisons were tested for yeast-free breads and 5 were compared for yeast breads. Volume, hardness, and color were measured using 15 replications. Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) was performed on selected treatments to evaluate crumb structure. Utilizing egg white foam for gluten-free breads produced acceptable volume, color, crumb structure and hardness compared to commercial gluten-free controls. Using egg white foam eliminates proofing time with increased production speed. Increasing mixing time in gluten-free yeast breads significantly (P<0.05) improved specific volume and overall loaf volume without negatively affecting crumb hardness in 10 and 15 minute mixing treatments. Crumb structure was significantly improved between 5 and 15 minute treatments. Evaluation with ESEM showed reduced clumping of ingredients in the crumb and thinner air cell walls. Specific volume and loaf volume were significantly (P<0.05) higher in 15 minute mixing (2.13 cm³/g; 1845 cm³) versus the commercial comparison (2.00 cm³/g; 923 cm³). Optimum mixing for yeast bread was 15 minutes and optimum percentage of sorghum used in the flour blend was 60 percent. Increasing the use of commodity grade gluten-free decorticated white sorghum flour will reduce cost of specialty milled ingredients. In future studies mixing for 15 minutes using the laboratory yeast bread formulation containing 60 percent sorghum should be used as the research control as it provided consistent optimum results. Advisors/Committee Members: Rooney, Lloyd W. (advisor), Turner, Nancy D. (committee member), Awika, Joseph M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: gluten-free; sorghum; bread; baking methods; yeast-free; gluten; celiac; white sorghum

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APA (6^th Edition):

Boswell, S. E. (2012). Development of Gluten-Free Baking Methods Utilizing Sorghum Flour. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8911

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Boswell, Sara Elizabeth. “Development of Gluten-Free Baking Methods Utilizing Sorghum Flour.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8911.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Boswell, Sara Elizabeth. “Development of Gluten-Free Baking Methods Utilizing Sorghum Flour.” 2012. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Boswell SE. Development of Gluten-Free Baking Methods Utilizing Sorghum Flour. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8911.

Council of Science Editors:

Boswell SE. Development of Gluten-Free Baking Methods Utilizing Sorghum Flour. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8911

Texas A&M University

3. Dunn, Kristen Lea. Effects of Sorghum Polyphenols on In Vitro Starch Digestibility and Protein Profile of Wheat Flour Tortillas.

Degree: MS, Food Science and Technology, 2014, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152809

► As incidences of diseases associated with dietary patterns increase in the United States, focus has been placed on improving nutritional quality of processed foods. Carbohydrates… (more)

▼ As incidences of diseases associated with dietary patterns increase in the United States, focus has been placed on improving nutritional quality of processed foods. Carbohydrates contribute the most calories in the American diet (55%), making starch-based foods a target for improvement. Tortillas are increasingly popular among American consumers, serving as a good target to address this problem. This study investigated the use of sorghum bran to increase polyphenols and dietary fiber in wheat flour tortillas and the effect on starch digestibility and protein profiles. Refined wheat flour tortillas were substituted at 10%, 15%, and 25% (Baker’s) with brans from wheat and white, brown, and black sorghum. Dough rheology, phenolic profile, starch digestibility, and protein profiles were evaluated after dough formation, hot pressing, baking, and over 14 days of storage. Bran substitution affected dough rheology, producing rougher, stiffer, less extensible dough compared to the refined control. Processing, storage, and bran source significantly affected the phenolic profile of the tortillas. Total phenols, 3- deoxyanthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins (PA) decreased with processing and storage. Dough formation drastically decreased phenol content in brown sorghum bran dough compared to other treatments. Extractable high molecular weight PA also decreased dramatically after processing by 58 – 76% in brown sorghum bran tortillas. These tortillas had less rapidly digestible starch and more slowly digestible starch than other treatments at 25% substitution. Compared to the expected total dietary fiber (TDF), sorghum brans doubled the formation of TDF (20 – 26%) as compared to wheat bran (11%). The largest increase was observed in brown sorghum bran tortillas. In tortillas substituted at 25%, insoluble protein (IP) increased with baking and storage as extractable protein (EP) decreased. Within the EP fraction, soluble polymeric protein (SPP) decreased by 40 – 61% after baking. Brown sorghum bran dough contained significantly higher IP and lower SPP than other treatments; however, this effect was reduced after baking. Sorghum brans provided polyphenols that interacted with protein and starch in wheat flour tortillas. PA and SPP largely contributed to these interactions, forming insoluble complexes that decreased tortilla digestibility and may positively benefit weight management. Advisors/Committee Members: Awika, Joseph M (advisor), Rooney, Lloyd W (committee member), Turner, Nancy D (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: sorghum; proanthocyanidins; in vitro starch digestibility; protein; tortillas

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dunn, K. L. (2014). Effects of Sorghum Polyphenols on In Vitro Starch Digestibility and Protein Profile of Wheat Flour Tortillas. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152809

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dunn, Kristen Lea. “Effects of Sorghum Polyphenols on In Vitro Starch Digestibility and Protein Profile of Wheat Flour Tortillas.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152809.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dunn, Kristen Lea. “Effects of Sorghum Polyphenols on In Vitro Starch Digestibility and Protein Profile of Wheat Flour Tortillas.” 2014. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Dunn KL. Effects of Sorghum Polyphenols on In Vitro Starch Digestibility and Protein Profile of Wheat Flour Tortillas. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152809.

Council of Science Editors:

Dunn KL. Effects of Sorghum Polyphenols on In Vitro Starch Digestibility and Protein Profile of Wheat Flour Tortillas. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152809

Texas A&M University

4. Piefer, Leigh. Quercetin and Chlorogenic Acid Mitigate DSS-Induced Changes in Expression of Select Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Short Chain Fatty Acid Transporter Genes.

Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11654

► Quercetin (Q) and chlorogenic acid (CA), two bioactive compounds found in stonefruits, may protect against inflammation and cancer because of anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.… (more)

▼ Quercetin (Q) and chlorogenic acid (CA), two bioactive compounds found in stonefruits, may protect against inflammation and cancer because of anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Since these compounds reach the colon undigested, they affect the luminal environment before they are metabolized by the microbiota and transported into epithelial cells. We hypothesized that Q and CA may suppress expression of pro-inflammatory molecules, alter the luminal environment, and alter the cell cycle, thereby protecting against injury/colitis. To test this hypothesis, 63 male weanling rats were given one of three diets (basal, 0.45% Q, 0.05% CA). After 3 wk of acclimation, colitis was induced in 11 rats/diet [3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), 48 h, 3 treatments, 2 wk separation] and 10 rats/diet served as control (0% DSS). All rats were terminated at wk 9. Measurements included: fecal moisture content, fecal short chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations (gas chromatography), epithelial injury and inflammation in the distal colon, proliferation (PCNA), and NF-kappaB activity (ELISA method) and gene expression (real time RT-PCR) in mucosal scrapings. Fecal moisture content was significantly increased by DSS exposure (p<0.05), and never returned to control levels. Fecal SCFA concentrations also increased with DSS (acetate, p<0.05; butyrate, p<0.05). Increased SCFA concentrations could indicate decreased SCFA uptake. Experimental diets were able to mitigate DSS-induced decreases in SLC5A8 (SCFA transporter) expression. DSS significantly increased injury (p<0.0001) and inflammation (p<0.01) scores. Compared to the basal diet, CA decreased NF-kappaB activity in DSS-treated rats (p<0.05). Q and CA may maintain healthy regulation of NF-kappaB through maintaining expression levels of IkappaBalpha and Tollip, molecules that inhibit NF-kappaB activation. Q and CA mitigated DSS-induced increases in pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, specifically IL-1. Q enhanced expression of injury-repair molecule FGF-2 (p<0.01), but neither diet nor DSS treatment altered proliferation. Although Q and CA did not protect against DSS-induced increases in injury and inflammation scores or fecal SCFA concentrations, their influence on expression of injury repair molecules, pro-inflammatory cytokines, SCFA transport proteins, and NF-kappaB inhibitory molecules suggests beneficial influences on major pathways involved in DSS-induced injury/inflammation. The combined benefit of these compounds could have additive/synergistic effects and, therefore, deserve further examination. Advisors/Committee Members: Turner, Nancy D. (advisor), Allred, Clinton (committee member), Byrne, David (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Quercetin; Chlorogenic Acid; colitis; DSS

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APA (6^th Edition):

Piefer, L. (2012). Quercetin and Chlorogenic Acid Mitigate DSS-Induced Changes in Expression of Select Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Short Chain Fatty Acid Transporter Genes. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11654

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Piefer, Leigh. “Quercetin and Chlorogenic Acid Mitigate DSS-Induced Changes in Expression of Select Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Short Chain Fatty Acid Transporter Genes.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11654.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Piefer, Leigh. “Quercetin and Chlorogenic Acid Mitigate DSS-Induced Changes in Expression of Select Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Short Chain Fatty Acid Transporter Genes.” 2012. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Piefer L. Quercetin and Chlorogenic Acid Mitigate DSS-Induced Changes in Expression of Select Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Short Chain Fatty Acid Transporter Genes. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11654.

Council of Science Editors:

Piefer L. Quercetin and Chlorogenic Acid Mitigate DSS-Induced Changes in Expression of Select Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Short Chain Fatty Acid Transporter Genes. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11654

Texas A&M University

5. Yuen, Evelyn P. Effects of High Dietary Iron and Gamma Radiation on Oxidative Stress and Bone.

Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149574

► Astronauts in space flight missions are exposed to increased iron (Fe) stores and galactic cosmic radiation, both of which independently induce oxidative stress. Oxidative stress… (more)

▼ Astronauts in space flight missions are exposed to increased iron (Fe) stores and galactic cosmic radiation, both of which independently induce oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can result in protein, lipid, and DNA oxidation. Recent evidence has linked oxidative stress to bone loss with aging and estrogen deficiency. Whether the increased iron stores and radiation that astronauts face are exacerbating their extreme bone loss while in space is unclear. We hypothesized that elevated iron levels (induced by feeding a high iron diet) and gamma radiation exposure would independently increase markers of oxidative stress and markers of oxidative damage and result in loss of bone mass, with the combined treatment having additive or synergistic effects. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (15-weeks old, n=32) were randomized to receive an adequate (45 mg Fe/kg diet) or high (650 mg Fe/kg diet) Fe diet for 4 weeks and either 3 Gy (8 fractions, 0.375 Gy each) of 137Cs radiation (γRAD) or sham exposure every other day over 16 days starting on day 14. Serum Fe and catalase and liver Fe and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) were assessed by standard techniques. Immunostaining for 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, marker of DNA adducts) quantified the number of cells with oxidative damage in cortical bone. Bone histomorphometry assessed bone cell activity and cancellous bone microarchitecture in the metaphyseal region. Ex vivo pQCT quantified volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD); bone mechanical strength was assessed by 3-pt bending at the midshaft tibia and compression of the femoral neck. High Fe diet increased liver Fe and decreased volume per total volume (BV/TV). γRAD decreased osteoid surface per bone surface (OS/BS) and osteocyte density. The combined treatment increased serum catalase, liver GPX, and serum iron and decreased cancellous vBMD and trabecular number (Tb.N). High Fe diet and γRAD independently increased number of osteocytes stained positive for 8-OHdG, with the combined treatment exhibiting twice as many osteocytes positively stained compared to the control. Higher serum Fe levels were associated with higher oxidative damage (r =0.38) and lower proximal tibial cancellous vBMD (r =–0.38). Higher serum catalase levels were associated with higher oxidative damage (r =0.48), lower BV/TV (r =–0.40) and lower cancellous vBMD (r =–0.39). High dietary iron and fractionated 137Cs γRAD leads to a moderate elevation in iron stores and results in oxidative damage in bone and are associated with decreased cancellous bone density. Moderate elevations in iron stores are not only found in astronauts, but also naturally occur in healthy human populations. This healthy population with elevated iron stores may also have increased levels of oxidative stress in the body. Elevated levels of oxidative stress not only increase one’s risk for accelerated bone loss, but also the risk of developing other chronic diseases such as insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Advisors/Committee Members: Bloomfield, Susan A (advisor), Turner, Nancy D (advisor), Hogan, Harry A (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: bone; iron; radiation; oxidative stress; oxidative damage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yuen, E. P. (2013). Effects of High Dietary Iron and Gamma Radiation on Oxidative Stress and Bone. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149574

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yuen, Evelyn P. “Effects of High Dietary Iron and Gamma Radiation on Oxidative Stress and Bone.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149574.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yuen, Evelyn P. “Effects of High Dietary Iron and Gamma Radiation on Oxidative Stress and Bone.” 2013. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yuen EP. Effects of High Dietary Iron and Gamma Radiation on Oxidative Stress and Bone. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149574.

Council of Science Editors:

Yuen EP. Effects of High Dietary Iron and Gamma Radiation on Oxidative Stress and Bone. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149574

Texas A&M University

6. Krenek, Kimberly Ann. Chemical Characterization and Absorption of Phytochemicals From Mangifera indica L.

Degree: PhD, Food Science and Technology, 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151368

► It was hypothesized that ester-linked gallic acid glycosides could be absorbed and metabolized in vivo due to the instability of an ester-linked glycosides at neutral… (more)

▼ It was hypothesized that ester-linked gallic acid glycosides could be absorbed and metabolized in vivo due to the instability of an ester-linked glycosides at neutral pH. To evaluate in vivo absorption of Mangifera Indica, L. var. Keitt polyphenolics, it was first necessary to chemically characterize the compounds present using HPLC-MSn analysis. Mango pulp and extracts were also incubated with a pectinase, cellulase, pectinase with ß-glucosidase activity, and a pure ß-glucosidase to learn the extent of hydrolysis with potential application to enhancing bioavailability as a result of incubation to increase mango juice yield. After which the same extracts were assessed in differentiated Caco-2 cells to discern stability at physiological pH and to characterize metabolite formation in vitro. Finally, human urinary metabolites were characterized after 10 day consumption of 400 g in 11 individuals. Mass spectroscopic characterization and HPLC quantification of mango pulp revealed for the first time two monogalloyl glucosides (MGGs) with distinct differences in their glycoside linkages, with the ester form dominating, as well as the presence of five other phenolic acid glycosides; hydroxybenzoic acid glucoside, courmaric glucoside, ferulic acid glucoside, and sinapic acid mono and di-glucosides. Six oxygenated carotenoid derivatives were identified for the first time in a phytochemical extract, namely, a phytohormone, abscisic acid and its glycoside, two catabolism products of abscisic acid, dihydrophasic acids, and two hydroxy-dimethyl decadiene-dioic acid glucopiranosylesters. Gallotannins ranging from tetra-galloyl glucosides to nona-galloyl glucosides were also identified in the pulp, but not quantified. Clearzyme 200XL and Rapidase AR2000 were the most effective at increasing juice yield of mango pulp due to their pectinase action. Cz reduced the amount of ester-linked MGG by 70% after 4 hours of incubation while Rap hydrolyzed the ether linked MGG. The instability of ester-linked galloyl-glycosides at pH 7.4 was characterized by HPLC-MS and after only four hours of incubation a shift from HWM tannins (>8GG) to LMW (<8GG) occurred and resulted in 25 mg/L free gallic acid. Caco-2 cells metabolized gallic acid, MGG from a mango extract, and a gallotannin extract into O-methyl gallic acid indicating catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) as a major metabolizing enzyme for gallic acid. Urinary metabolites were identified by HPLC-MSn in dependant scans. O-methylgallic acid-O-sulfate was identified as the major metabolite 0-6 hours post consumption, followed by O-methylgallic acid at a lower concentration. The presence of gallic acid metabolites in the urine indicates absorption of ester-linked glycosides. Colonic metabolites were detected beginning 3-6 hours after consumption of mango, and were identified as pyrogalloyl derivatives. They are hypothesized to be the products of microbial breakdown of gallotannins. Daily consumption of mango for 10 days increased the concentration of O-methylgallic acid-O-sulfate, but was not… Advisors/Committee Members: Talcott, Stephen T. (advisor), Talcott, Susanne U. (committee member), Turner, Nancy D. (committee member), Awika, Joseph M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Mangifera indica; gallotannin; urinary metabolites; gallic acid; polyphenol

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Krenek, K. A. (2013). Chemical Characterization and Absorption of Phytochemicals From Mangifera indica L. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151368

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Krenek, Kimberly Ann. “Chemical Characterization and Absorption of Phytochemicals From Mangifera indica L.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151368.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Krenek, Kimberly Ann. “Chemical Characterization and Absorption of Phytochemicals From Mangifera indica L.” 2013. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Krenek KA. Chemical Characterization and Absorption of Phytochemicals From Mangifera indica L. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151368.

Council of Science Editors:

Krenek KA. Chemical Characterization and Absorption of Phytochemicals From Mangifera indica L. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151368

Texas A&M University

7. Tinder, Amanda C. Bioconversion of Sorghum and Cowpea by Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae for Alternate Protein Production.

Degree: MS, Entomology, 2016, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156865

► Black soldier flies, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), typically feed on decaying organic matter but have been explored as a possible means of alternate protein… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Entomophagy; Nutrition

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tinder, A. C. (2016). Bioconversion of Sorghum and Cowpea by Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae for Alternate Protein Production. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156865

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tinder, Amanda C. “Bioconversion of Sorghum and Cowpea by Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae for Alternate Protein Production.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156865.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tinder, Amanda C. “Bioconversion of Sorghum and Cowpea by Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae for Alternate Protein Production.” 2016. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Tinder AC. Bioconversion of Sorghum and Cowpea by Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae for Alternate Protein Production. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156865.

Council of Science Editors:

Tinder AC. Bioconversion of Sorghum and Cowpea by Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae for Alternate Protein Production. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156865

Texas A&M University

8. Wei, Rubin. Highly Nonlinear Measurement Error Models in Nutritional Epidemiology.

Degree: PhD, Statistics, 2014, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161236

► This dissertation consists of two main projects in the area of measurement error models with application in nutritional epidemiology. The first project studies the application… (more)

▼ This dissertation consists of two main projects in the area of measurement error models with application in nutritional epidemiology. The first project studies the application of moment reconstruction and moment- adjusted imputation in the context of nonlinear Berkson-type measurement error. The idea of moment reconstruction and moment adjusted imputation, like regression calibration, is to replace the unobserved variable of interest which is subject to measurement error with a proxy, which can be used in a variety of subsequent analyses, without redoing the measurement error model each time a different downstream analysis is performed. However, both methods essentially require the homoscedastic classical measurement error model or non-classical model that can be easily reduced to a classical one. In the first project, we deal with a case where the measurement error structure is of nonlinear Berkson-type, and develop analogues of moment reconstruction and moment-adjusted imputation for this case. We use National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, where the latent variable is a dietary pattern score called the Healthy Eating Index-2005, and simulations to illustrate the methods. The numerical results show the promise of these methods in the nonlinear Berkson-type measurement error context. In the second project, we consider measurement error models for two variables observed repeatedly and subject to measurement error. One variable is continuous but positive, while the other variable is a mixture of continuous and zero measurements. This second variable has two sources of zeros. The first source is episodic zeros, wherein some of the measurements for an individual may be zero and others positive. The second source is hard zeros, i.e., some individuals will always report zero. An example is the consumption of alcohol from alcoholic beverages: some individuals consume alcoholic beverages episodically, while others never consume alcoholic beverages. However, with a small number of repeated measurements from individuals, it is not possible to determine those that are episodic zeros and those that are hard zeros. We develop a new measurement error model for this problem, and use Bayesian methods to t it. We also contrast our approach for a single variable which is subject to excess zeros, with those methods that have been developed for a single variable and proven to be somewhat numerically unstable. Simulations and data analyses of two studies are used to show that the new method gives more realistic and numerically stable results than the maximum likelihood approach. Advisors/Committee Members: Carroll, Raymond J. (advisor), Longnecker, Michael T. (committee member), Turner, Nancy D. (committee member), Mallick, Bani K. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Measurement error; Berkson-type error; Latent variable models; Moment reconstruction; Bayesian methods; Hard zeroes; Zero-inflation; Mixed models; Nutritional epidemiology; Usual intake; Never-consumers

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wei, R. (2014). Highly Nonlinear Measurement Error Models in Nutritional Epidemiology. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161236

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wei, Rubin. “Highly Nonlinear Measurement Error Models in Nutritional Epidemiology.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161236.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wei, Rubin. “Highly Nonlinear Measurement Error Models in Nutritional Epidemiology.” 2014. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Wei R. Highly Nonlinear Measurement Error Models in Nutritional Epidemiology. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161236.

Council of Science Editors:

Wei R. Highly Nonlinear Measurement Error Models in Nutritional Epidemiology. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161236

Texas A&M University

9. Dalton, Ryan Lee. Short-term Safety and Dose Effects of Different Forms of Creatine Ingestion.

Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173038

► Creatine and nitrates are popular dietary supplements, but little is known regarding their co-ingestion relative to performance, side effects and safety. The purpose of this… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Creatine; Nitrate; Creatine Nitrate

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dalton, R. L. (2017). Short-term Safety and Dose Effects of Different Forms of Creatine Ingestion. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173038

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dalton, Ryan Lee. “Short-term Safety and Dose Effects of Different Forms of Creatine Ingestion.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173038.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dalton, Ryan Lee. “Short-term Safety and Dose Effects of Different Forms of Creatine Ingestion.” 2017. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Dalton RL. Short-term Safety and Dose Effects of Different Forms of Creatine Ingestion. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173038.

Council of Science Editors:

Dalton RL. Short-term Safety and Dose Effects of Different Forms of Creatine Ingestion. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173038

Texas A&M University

10. Armstrong, Cameron Michelle. The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151883

► Epidemiological studies suggest pre-menopausal women have a reduced risk for sporadic and inflammation-associated colon cancer compared to post-menopausal women and men. The studies presented herein… (more)

▼ Epidemiological studies suggest pre-menopausal women have a reduced risk for sporadic and inflammation-associated colon cancer compared to post-menopausal women and men. The studies presented herein aim to determine the protective mechanisms of estradiol (E2) during sporadic and inflammation-associated colonic carcinogenesis. When investigating the role of E2 and fish oil at the earliest stage of sporadic colon cancer development, E2 had no effect on DNA adduct formation while dietary fish oil significantly reduced DNA adduct formation. Contrarily, E2 significantly induced apoptosis of damaged colonocytes while fish oil was not protective. In an in vivo model of inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis with E2 administered following induction of DNA damage and initiation of inflammation, E2 treatment was associated with decreased colon tumor size and number in wild type (WT) but not estrogen receptor (ER) β knockout (ERβKO) mice. Interestingly, apoptosis was reduced and proliferation increased by E2 in these tumors in WT mice. This may be due to the altered ER expression in these tissues as the tumors developed, with ERβ expression decreasing concomitantly with ERα expression increasing. Contrary to the protective effect of E2 on inflammation-associated colon tumor formation, which was dependent on ERβ, during acute inflammation in the colon E2 was protective against inflammation in both WT and ERβKO mice and injury in ERβKO mice. The protection against inflammation is likely due to the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by E2. Apoptosis and proliferation were decreased and increased in the proximal and distal colon respectively in ERβKO mice. In vitro studies further elucidated the roles of ERα and ERβ in colonocytes. E2 and ERβ, but not ERα, specific agonists reduced cell number and induce apoptosis in nonmalignant colonocytes. This effect was lost in the presence of mutated p53. In ERα overexpressed nonmalignant colonocytes, E2 had no effect on cell number while ERβ agonist and ERα agonists decreased and increased cell number respectively. These studies suggest that E2 is protective in the colon and ERβ is required for protection against carcinogenesis but not protection against inflammation. Additionally, the protection against colon carcinogenesis is likely p53 mediated. Advisors/Committee Members: Allred, Clinton D (advisor), Turner, Nancy D (committee member), Villalobos, Alice R (committee member), Weeks, Brad R (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: colon cancer; estradiol; estrogen receptor; inflammation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Armstrong, C. M. (2013). The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151883

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Armstrong, Cameron Michelle. “The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151883.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Armstrong, Cameron Michelle. “The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer.” 2013. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Armstrong CM. The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151883.

Council of Science Editors:

Armstrong CM. The Protective Effects of Estradiol on Sporadic and Inflammation-associated Colon Cancer. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151883

Texas A&M University

11. Guan, Fada 1982-. Application of Dynamic Monte Carlo Technique in Proton Beam Radiotherapy using Geant4 Simulation Toolkit.

Degree: PhD, Nuclear Engineering, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149220

► Monte Carlo method has been successfully applied in simulating the particles transport problems. Most of the Monte Carlo simulation tools are static and they can… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Geant4; Proton Therapy; Monte Carlo

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APA (6^th Edition):

Guan, F. 1. (2012). Application of Dynamic Monte Carlo Technique in Proton Beam Radiotherapy using Geant4 Simulation Toolkit. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149220

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guan, Fada 1982-. “Application of Dynamic Monte Carlo Technique in Proton Beam Radiotherapy using Geant4 Simulation Toolkit.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149220.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guan, Fada 1982-. “Application of Dynamic Monte Carlo Technique in Proton Beam Radiotherapy using Geant4 Simulation Toolkit.” 2012. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Guan F1. Application of Dynamic Monte Carlo Technique in Proton Beam Radiotherapy using Geant4 Simulation Toolkit. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149220.

Council of Science Editors:

Guan F1. Application of Dynamic Monte Carlo Technique in Proton Beam Radiotherapy using Geant4 Simulation Toolkit. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149220

Texas A&M University

12. Cho, Young Mi. Colon Cancer Chemoprotection through Epigenetic Effects of a Fish Oil/Pectin Diet.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11480

► Accumulated genetic and epigenetic abnormalities contribute to the development of colon cancer. We have shown that a combination of fish oil (containing decosahexaenoic acid, DHA,… (more)

▼ Accumulated genetic and epigenetic abnormalities contribute to the development of colon cancer. We have shown that a combination of fish oil (containing decosahexaenoic acid, DHA, 22:6 n-3) and pectin (fermented to butyrate by colonic microflora) is protective against colon carcinogenesis in part by regulating the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, leading to apoptosis induction. To determine how FO/P enhances apoptosis, we measured the expression of genes involved in apoptosis. We performed a pathway analysis on differentially expressed genes identified at three times during colon tumorigenesis: initiation, aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation, and tumor stage, and compared these results with phenotypic observations at those times. At initiation, FO/P down-regulated the expression of genes involved with cell adhesion and enhanced apoptosis compared with corn oil/cellulose (CO/C). At the ACF stage, expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation was modulated by FO/P and proliferation was reduced in FO/P rats compared with CO/C rats. FO/P increased apoptosis and the expression of genes that promote apoptosis at the tumor endpoint compared with CO/C. We next determined if changes in expression of genes involved in apoptosis by FO/P are associated with changes in promoter methylation of a key apoptosis regulator, Bcl-2. Genomic DNA was isolated from carcinogen-induced colon tumors and non-involved tissues. FO/P increased Bcl-2 promoter methylation in tumor tissues and colonocyte apoptosis relative to those observed with CO/C. A negative correlation between Bcl-2 DNA methylation and Bcl-2 mRNA levels was observed in the tumors. Additionally, we examined gene specific promoter methylation of 24 apoptosis-related genes using human colon cancer cells. Cells were treated with DHA or linoleic acid (18:2 n-6), and select cultures were also treated with butyrate. The combination of DHA and butyrate led to a significant reduction in the methylation of pro-apoptotic genes and an increase in apoptosis. These data suggest that part of the mechanisms involved in the induction of apoptosis by FO/P may be through epigenetic regulation of genes involved in apoptosis throughout colon carcinogenesis. Advisors/Committee Members: Lupton, Joanne R. (advisor), Turner, Nancy D. (committee member), Chapkin, Robert S. (committee member), Wu, Guoyao (committee member), Carroll, Raymond J. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Fish oil; Pectin; Colon cancer; Epigenetics; DNA methylation; Chemoprotection; Apoptosis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cho, Y. M. (2012). Colon Cancer Chemoprotection through Epigenetic Effects of a Fish Oil/Pectin Diet. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11480

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cho, Young Mi. “Colon Cancer Chemoprotection through Epigenetic Effects of a Fish Oil/Pectin Diet.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11480.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cho, Young Mi. “Colon Cancer Chemoprotection through Epigenetic Effects of a Fish Oil/Pectin Diet.” 2012. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Cho YM. Colon Cancer Chemoprotection through Epigenetic Effects of a Fish Oil/Pectin Diet. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11480.

Council of Science Editors:

Cho YM. Colon Cancer Chemoprotection through Epigenetic Effects of a Fish Oil/Pectin Diet. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11480

Texas A&M University

13. Kinder, Meghan Nichole. Campylobacter rectus Bacterial-Host Interactions in Pathogenesis.

Degree: MS, Genetics, 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173048

► Campylobacter rectus is a Gram-negative oral anaerobe and a causative agent of periodontitis. Additionally, C. rectus strains have been isolated from patients with oral and… (more)

▼ Campylobacter rectus is a Gram-negative oral anaerobe and a causative agent of periodontitis. Additionally, C. rectus strains have been isolated from patients with oral and extraoral abscesses, gingival crevices, and appendicitis. This organism has been implicated in bacteremia and is associated with pre-term births and low birth weight, indicating its importance as an emerging pathogen. The goal of this thesis was to establish genetic tools to begin clarifying mechanisms responsible for C. rectus pathogenesis. In particular, secretion systems identified as important for pathogenesis in related bacterial species were selected for further study. Bacterial-host interaction assays were used to identify host responses stimulated by the CiaB protein as well as the role of the Hcp protein in host cell adherence. Toward this goal, complete deletions of the ciaB and the hcp genes were generated in C. rectus and reference genes for RT-qPCR in C. rectus were validated to permit assessment and verification of the mutant strains. Host response was assessed by exposing a human placental epithelial cell line, BeWo, to both C. rectus wild-type and ciaB mutant strains for six-hours under anaerobic conditions and inflammatory mRNA expression was measured using RT-qPCR. A significant upregulation in 41 inflammatory genes was measured in response to ΔciaB while only three were significantly upregulated in response to wild-type. THP-1 human monocyte cell viability was also assessed over a 96-hour time course after exposure to wild-type and ΔciaB. Additionally, adherence efficiencies of wild-type and Δhcp to BeWo cells were calculated after a one-hour time point. Adherence rates between wild-type and Δhcp were not significantly different. The studies in this thesis suggest C. rectus uses CiaB as a mechanism to evade the host cell immune response. Analysis of the Δhcp mutant prepared this strain for further studies like those used for the CiaB mutant strain to fully characterize the importance of the type VI secretion system to C. rectus virulence. Results from this foundational thesis research will expedite future studies examining the underlying molecular mechanisms of C. rectus pathogenesis. Advisors/Committee Members: Threadgill, Deborah S (advisor), Gill, Jason J (committee member), Sorg, Joseph A (committee member), Turner, Nancy D (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: bacteria; pathogenesis; periodontal disease; oral pathogen

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kinder, M. N. (2017). Campylobacter rectus Bacterial-Host Interactions in Pathogenesis. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173048

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kinder, Meghan Nichole. “Campylobacter rectus Bacterial-Host Interactions in Pathogenesis.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173048.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kinder, Meghan Nichole. “Campylobacter rectus Bacterial-Host Interactions in Pathogenesis.” 2017. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kinder MN. Campylobacter rectus Bacterial-Host Interactions in Pathogenesis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173048.

Council of Science Editors:

Kinder MN. Campylobacter rectus Bacterial-Host Interactions in Pathogenesis. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173048

Texas A&M University

14. Yang, Isabelle Fan. Understanding the Relationship of Bile Acid Binding Capacity, Phenolic Compounds and Their Bioaccessibility of Selected Vegetables.

Degree: MS, Food Science and Technology, 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/166105

► Vegetables with bile acid capacity provide multiple benefits to human health, including reducing plasma cholesterol levels, controlling blood sugar in type 2 diabetic patients, and… (more)

▼ Vegetables with bile acid capacity provide multiple benefits to human health, including reducing plasma cholesterol levels, controlling blood sugar in type 2 diabetic patients, and preventing colon cancer. The in vitro bile acid binding capacities of Brussels sprouts, green kale, red kale, red cabbage, and red leaf lettuce were tested and their dietary fiber content was analyzed. Green kale was used for further studies to explore the optimal dose for bile acid binding, the effect of bile acid composition on the binding capacity, the influence of minimal processing on the bile acid binding capacity, the interaction of bioactive compounds with bile acids, and the impact of bile acids on the bioaccessibility of kale polyphenols. The in vitro digestion was conducted in three phases that simulated oral, gastric, and intestinal digestion. Bile acids were incubated with vegetables in the intestinal digestion phase. Kale had the greater bile acid binding capacity compared with Brussels sprouts, red cabbage, and red leaf lettuce. In the experiment testing the effect of different bile acid compositions on bile acid binding capacity, kale showed a similar binding capacity for the bile acid composition simulating that found in healthy females and males with gallstones, but it bound less bile acids when the composition simulated the bile acid pool of type-2 diabetic males. The type-2 diabetic male patient model was used to explore bile acid binding capacity in response to different doses of kale. The results suggested that the optimal dose of kale was 1.8 g, which bound 81.8% of the added bile acid. Microwaving and steaming significantly improved kale’s in vitro bile acid binding capacity. To study the interaction between bile acids and different bioactive compounds in kale, polyphenols were separated from the fiber-rich kale tissue, and both of these were incubated with bile acids. We found that the fiber-rich tissue in kale was the main component that binds bile acids. Similar in vitro digestions both with and without bile acids suggested that bile acids improved the bioaccessibility of quercetin and the total identified polyphenols in kale. Therefore, bile acids can be bound by fiber rich tissues in the kale and have some interactions with kale polyphenols. Advisors/Committee Members: Patil, Bhimu (advisor), Turner, Nancy D (committee member), Jayaprakasha, G K (committee member), Awika, Joseph M (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: bile acid; polyphenols; phenolic compounds; bioaccessibility; in vitro digestion; bile salts; in vitro bile acid binding

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yang, I. F. (2017). Understanding the Relationship of Bile Acid Binding Capacity, Phenolic Compounds and Their Bioaccessibility of Selected Vegetables. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/166105

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yang, Isabelle Fan. “Understanding the Relationship of Bile Acid Binding Capacity, Phenolic Compounds and Their Bioaccessibility of Selected Vegetables.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/166105.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yang, Isabelle Fan. “Understanding the Relationship of Bile Acid Binding Capacity, Phenolic Compounds and Their Bioaccessibility of Selected Vegetables.” 2017. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yang IF. Understanding the Relationship of Bile Acid Binding Capacity, Phenolic Compounds and Their Bioaccessibility of Selected Vegetables. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/166105.

Council of Science Editors:

Yang IF. Understanding the Relationship of Bile Acid Binding Capacity, Phenolic Compounds and Their Bioaccessibility of Selected Vegetables. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/166105

Texas A&M University

15. Ritchie, Lauren E. Diet, Disease State, and the Space Environment Modify the Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Environment via Microbiota-directed Alterations in Colonocyte Signalling.

Degree: PhD, Genetics, 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151706

► Microbial dysbiosis and toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling play a role in colonic injury and inflammation. Ulcerative colitis and radiation are known to alter microbiota, and… (more)

▼ Microbial dysbiosis and toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling play a role in colonic injury and inflammation. Ulcerative colitis and radiation are known to alter microbiota, and diets containing polyphenols impact bacterial populations. We hypothesized that diet can mitigate dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) colitis (sorghum bran diets containing polyphenols) and space environment-induced alterations (normal iron content) in colonic microbiota and TLR signaling. To test this we utilized two experimental paradigms; DSS-induced colitis (3% DSS, 48-hr, 3 exposures, 2 wk separation), and three models to emulate the space environment: 1) fractionated low linear energy transfer (LET) γ radiation (RAD) (3 Gy) and high Fe diet (IRON) (650 mg/kg), 2) high LET Si particle exposure (50 cGy) and 1/6 G hind limb unloading (HLU), and 3) 13 d spaceflight. Bran diets upregulated proliferation, and repair protein (TFF3 and TGFβ) and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) transporter (Slc16a1 and Slc5a8) expression post-DSS. Diet significantly affected 24-hr fecal butyrate production, with Cellulose and Black bran having numerically higher concentrations. Two predominant phyla were identified, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and this ratio was higher in Cellulose DSS. Post DSS#3 the proportion of Bacteroidales, Clostridiales, and Lactobacillales was reduced compared to post DSS#2 for all diets. Black bran non-DSS rats had the highest richness and diversity. Colonic injury negatively correlated with the proportion of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Lactobacillales, and positively correlated with Unknown and Unclassified groups. Bran diets reduced the severity of epithelial injury, maintained fecal butyrate, and prevented microbial dysbiosis and depletion during DSS-induced colitis. IRON+RAD decreased SCFA concentrations. Low and high LET radiation, HLU, IRON and spaceflight increased Bacteroidetes and decreased Firmicutes. HLU and spaceflight increased Clostridiales and decreased Lactobacillales. RAD and IRON+RAD animals had increased Lactobacillales and significantly lower Clostridiales compared to CON and IRON. TLR9 and IL-6 were downregulated by RAD. TLR4, TFF3 and TGFβ differentially changed with IRON and spaceflight. Microgravity independently affected the microbiota, regardless of radiation energy or dose. Each environmental insult differentially altered the microbiota and mucosal gene expression, with distinct diet, microgravity, and radiation effects observed. Bran diets mitigated deleterious effects of colitis, maintained barrier integrity, and prevented microbiota dysbiosis. Advisors/Committee Members: Turner, Nancy D (advisor), Lupton, Joanne R (committee member), Chapkin, Robert S (committee member), Riggs, Penny K (committee member), Sturino, Joseph M (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: polyphenols; microbiota; radiation; microgravity; ulcerative colitis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ritchie, L. E. (2013). Diet, Disease State, and the Space Environment Modify the Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Environment via Microbiota-directed Alterations in Colonocyte Signalling. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151706

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ritchie, Lauren E. “Diet, Disease State, and the Space Environment Modify the Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Environment via Microbiota-directed Alterations in Colonocyte Signalling.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151706.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ritchie, Lauren E. “Diet, Disease State, and the Space Environment Modify the Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Environment via Microbiota-directed Alterations in Colonocyte Signalling.” 2013. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ritchie LE. Diet, Disease State, and the Space Environment Modify the Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Environment via Microbiota-directed Alterations in Colonocyte Signalling. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151706.

Council of Science Editors:

Ritchie LE. Diet, Disease State, and the Space Environment Modify the Intestinal Microbiota and Mucosal Environment via Microbiota-directed Alterations in Colonocyte Signalling. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151706

16. Alvarez, Hope Anna. Simulation of the Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Distribution and Retention of Uranium in Rats.

Degree: MS, Health Physics, 2016, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156863

► The objective of this research project was to create a computer simulation in SIMULINK® to model the distribution and retention of uranium in rats using… (more)

▼ The objective of this research project was to create a computer simulation in SIMULINK® to model the distribution and retention of uranium in rats using a compilation of published experimental data that has been acquired over the years by different research groups. This program was created using a general acute baseline model with predefined parameters to account for uranium distribution in rats. The computer simulation response to an ingestion of exogenous uranium material within a rat and the growth in organ size with respect to the age of rat was composed in SIMULINK®. The results of the baseline model simulation were benchmarked against a research experiment that examined distribution and retention of uranium in rats. The simulation program was tested using various input methods to evaluate the change in program response. The simulation program and implemented methodology indicates that the SIMULINK® program is a user friendly program that allows researchers to customize compartmental functions. Simulation results indicate that a biological experiment that lacks a patterned response is difficult to model in a simulation program with predefined parameters. Using the original baseline acute model simulation results for uranium, the predefined parameters were tested in this research and indicate that a modification to the predefined parameters is essential to properly model biological responses. A reformulation of compartmental biological parameters such as the removal half-time and/or deposition fraction into various compartments is proposed based on the simulation results. This change to predefined parameters is not excluded by the published data. The simulation results also indicate specific sections of organ response that require additional investigation for effective models. As more research data becomes available, the program can be modified to improve upon this simulation model. Advisors/Committee Members: Ford, John (advisor), Poston, John W (committee member), Turner, Nancy D (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: computer simulation in SIMULINK; model the distribution and retention of uranium; computer simulation response to an ingestion of exogenous uranium material within a rat

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APA (6^th Edition):

Alvarez, H. A. (2016). Simulation of the Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Distribution and Retention of Uranium in Rats. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156863

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alvarez, Hope Anna. “Simulation of the Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Distribution and Retention of Uranium in Rats.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156863.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alvarez, Hope Anna. “Simulation of the Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Distribution and Retention of Uranium in Rats.” 2016. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Alvarez HA. Simulation of the Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Distribution and Retention of Uranium in Rats. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156863.

Council of Science Editors:

Alvarez HA. Simulation of the Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Distribution and Retention of Uranium in Rats. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156863

17. Swift, Sibyl Nichole. Energy Restriction Effects on Estrogen Status and the Skeletal Response to Loading.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2011, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8388

► Moderate energy restriction in young, exercising women attenuates the positive effects of exercise on bone density. Studies have shown that in the absence of adequate… (more)

▼ Moderate energy restriction in young, exercising women attenuates the positive effects of exercise on bone density. Studies have shown that in the absence of adequate levels of circulating estrogen, there may not be enough functional estrogen receptor-a (ER-a) to respond adequately to loading. The experiment described in this document is significant because this model has not been explored under conditions of energy restriction (EnR) which are known to reduce circulating estrogen levels; it has been tested only in ovariectomized animals. The central hypothesis of this research is that reductions in estrogen due to EnR limit the ability of bone to respond to mechanical loading (LOAD) through a down-regulation of ER-a. Study one determined which nutrient’s (calcium or energy) restriction (-40 percent) had the greatest negative effects on the skeletal integrity of exercising female rats and whether exercise (EX) could mitigate these deleterious changes. EnR caused detrimental effects in many of the structural properties of bone; however EX attenuated losses in cancellous bone. Study two ascertained whether EX maintained cancellous bone mass in female rats subjected to graded EnR (-20 or -40 percent) and whether changes in endocrine factors were related. EX preserved cancellous bone volume and osteoblast activity under both levels of EnR, in addition to total body lean mass and bone mineral content. A similar maintenance of serum insulin-like growth factor and estradiol occurred in the EX EnR(40 percent) group suggesting that these changes may be related to the protective effects of EX. Study three determined the effects of 40 percent EnR on bone formation rate to LOAD in young adult female rats and tracked alterations in ovarian function (estradiol). Although higher than non-loaded animals, the response of bone to LOAD in EnR animals was dampened in comparison to energy-replete animals. The experiments described in this document are significant because these are the first experiments to explore the relationship between EnR and estrogen levels on cancellous bone response to LOAD. This is particularly important for physically active, energy restricted women because cancellous bone in these women will not experience the same effects of loading which can increase their risk for developing osteoporosis. Advisors/Committee Members: Bloomfield, Susan A. (advisor), Turner, Nancy D. (advisor), Hogan, Harry A. (committee member), Lupton, Joanne R. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Estrogen; Estrogen Receptor Alpha; Energy Restriction; Exercise; Mechanical Loading; Cancellous Bone; Osteocytes; Osteoblasts

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APA (6^th Edition):

Swift, S. N. (2011). Energy Restriction Effects on Estrogen Status and the Skeletal Response to Loading. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8388

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Swift, Sibyl Nichole. “Energy Restriction Effects on Estrogen Status and the Skeletal Response to Loading.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8388.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Swift, Sibyl Nichole. “Energy Restriction Effects on Estrogen Status and the Skeletal Response to Loading.” 2011. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Swift SN. Energy Restriction Effects on Estrogen Status and the Skeletal Response to Loading. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8388.

Council of Science Editors:

Swift SN. Energy Restriction Effects on Estrogen Status and the Skeletal Response to Loading. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8388

18. Yang, Liyi. Chemopreventive Potential of Sorghum with Different Phenolic Profiles.

Degree: MS, Food Science and Technology, 2010, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7285

► Epidemiological evidence has correlated consumption of sorghum with reduced incidences of gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancer, especially esophageal cancer. There is little evidence on how phenols… (more)

▼ Epidemiological evidence has correlated consumption of sorghum with reduced incidences of gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancer, especially esophageal cancer. There is little evidence on how phenols of sorghum may affect chemoprevention. Seventeen sorghum varieties were screened for phenolic profiles and antioxidant capacity. The ability of crude sorghum extracts to induce NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (QR, a phase II protective enzyme), and inhibit proliferation of colon (HT-29) and esophageal (OE33) carcinoma cells using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and PicoGreen assays, were determined in vitro. 3- Deoxyanthocyanidins, apigeninidin, luteolinidin and their methoxylated derivatives were also investigated for antioxidant capacity, QR inducing and antiproliferative potential. Tannin sorghum generally showed higher antioxidant capacity than non-tannin sorghum varieties. Sorghum varieties containing extractable condensed tannins did not show any significant QR inducing potential; on the other hand, non-tannin sorghums increased QR activity by 1.5-2.7 times; black sorghum (Tx430) was most potent (doubled QR activity at 25 mg/mL, 2.7-fold increase at 100 mg/mL). All sorghum extracts showed relatively strong antiproliferation activity with IC50s (the concentration needed to inhibit cancer cell growth by 50%) of 49.7-883 mg/mL. Tannin-containing sorghums had stronger cancer cell proliferation inhibitory potential (IC50s 49.7-131 mg/mL) than non-tannin sorghums (IC50s 141-883 mg/mL). Total phenol content and antioxidant capacity of crude sorghum extracts positively correlated with their antiproliferative potential (r2 0.71-0.97). Among tested 3-deoxyanthocyanidins, methoxylation on A-ring improved QR inducing potency. 5,7-Dimethoxyluteolinidin had the greatest QR inducing potency (4.3- fold at 100 mM). Methoxylation also improved their antiproliferation potential; the IC50s trend was di-methoxylated (8.3-105 mM) > mono-methoxylated (40.1-192 mM) > apigeninidin and luteolinidin (81.5-284 mM). This study provides information for how phenolic compositions of sorghum and 3-deoxyanthocyanidin structure affect their capacity to induce QR activity and inhibit GI tract cancer cell proliferation. The information is useful to promote the utilization of sorghum in functional foods, beverages, dietary supplements, and other health-related industries. Further study will focus on, fractioned and isolated sorghum phenols, the effect of food processing on their chemopreventive potential, as well as cellular mechanisms involved. Advisors/Committee Members: Awika, Joseph M. (advisor), Rooney, Lloyd W. (committee member), Cisneros-Zevallos, Luis (committee member), Turner, Nancy D. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Chemoprevention; Sorghum; Phenolic composition; Quinone oxidoreductase; Antiproliferation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yang, L. (2010). Chemopreventive Potential of Sorghum with Different Phenolic Profiles. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7285

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yang, Liyi. “Chemopreventive Potential of Sorghum with Different Phenolic Profiles.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7285.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yang, Liyi. “Chemopreventive Potential of Sorghum with Different Phenolic Profiles.” 2010. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yang L. Chemopreventive Potential of Sorghum with Different Phenolic Profiles. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7285.

Council of Science Editors:

Yang L. Chemopreventive Potential of Sorghum with Different Phenolic Profiles. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7285

Texas A&M University

19. De Castro Palomino Siller, Angelina. In vitro starch digestibility and estimated glycemic index of sorghum products.

Degree: MS, Food Science and Technology, 2007, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5791

► Fractions from white and tannin sorghums were processed into extrudates, thick porridges, and breads. The effects of sorghum type and fraction on the in vitro… (more)

▼ Fractions from white and tannin sorghums were processed into extrudates, thick porridges, and breads. The effects of sorghum type and fraction on the in vitro starch availability of the products were evaluated, and the estimated glycemic indexes (EGI) of the products were obtained. Sorghum extrudates were significantly more slowly digested than corn meal extrudates for all preparation methods (whole, cracked and decorticated kernels). Furthermore, tannin extrudates were less digestible than white sorghum extrudates. The soft endosperm nature of the tannin sorghum limited friction formation inside the extruder, reducing starch gelatinization. On the other hand, condensed tannins also interfered with the starch availability for digestion. White sorghum was more 'suitable' for extrusion, giving extrudates with higher starch degradation and expansion than the tannin sorghums. However, tannin sorghums also gave acceptable products offering the benefit of lower EGI values. Sorghum porridges were more slowly digested than a corn flour porridge when using whole and decorticated flours. In addition, tannin sorghum porridges had a lower starch digestibility compared to all the samples. Tannin sorghum flours produced soft porridges with enhanced initial starch digestibility. However, condensed tannins seemed to offset the starch digestion by limiting starch availability. All sorghum porridges had significantly lower EGI values than the corn porridge. Extrudates and porridges had reduced starch digestibilities and EGI values when using whole grains compared to using the decorticated fractions. This was observed in both the white and the tannin sorghum. Therefore, whole-grain products from sorghum have health benefits attributed to whole grain foods and slower digesting starches; for instance, prevention and treatment of diseases such as diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and some types of cancer. When 12% of tannin bran was added to a wheat bread formulation, a slower rate of starch digestion was observed compared to a wheat bread. The high concentration of non-starch components of the bran (i.e. dietary fiber, condensed tannins) affected starch digestion. The addition of tannin sorghum bran significantly reduced the EGI value of wheat bread, besides being a natural source of brown color, and an excellent source of antioxidants and dietary fiber. Advisors/Committee Members: Rooney, Lloyd W. (advisor), Turner, Nancy D. (committee member), Waniska, Ralph D. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: starch; digestibility; glycemic index; sorghum

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APA (6^th Edition):

De Castro Palomino Siller, A. (2007). In vitro starch digestibility and estimated glycemic index of sorghum products. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5791

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

De Castro Palomino Siller, Angelina. “In vitro starch digestibility and estimated glycemic index of sorghum products.” 2007. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5791.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

De Castro Palomino Siller, Angelina. “In vitro starch digestibility and estimated glycemic index of sorghum products.” 2007. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

De Castro Palomino Siller A. In vitro starch digestibility and estimated glycemic index of sorghum products. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5791.

Council of Science Editors:

De Castro Palomino Siller A. In vitro starch digestibility and estimated glycemic index of sorghum products. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5791

Texas A&M University

20. Paulhill, Kimberly Jones. Quercetin and Dietary Lipids Alter the Cellular Redox Environment of the Colonocyte in the Promotion Stage of Colon Carcinogenesis.

Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3027

► Quercetin (Q), a water-soluble flavonoid that is ubiquitous to foods of plant origin is postulated to protect against colon cancer due to its antioxidant activity.… (more)

▼ Quercetin (Q), a water-soluble flavonoid that is ubiquitous to foods of plant origin is postulated to protect against colon cancer due to its antioxidant activity. In contrast, we have shown that a dietary combination of fish oil (FO; n-3 fatty acids) and pectin may protect against colon cancer by decreasing endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), an inducer of apoptosis. We hypothesized that adding an antioxidant to a FO diet may negate the beneficial effects of FO by counteracting FO effects on colonocyte redox status. To test this, we provided 40 rats with FO or CO (fiber = pectin) diets with Q being 0 or 0.45% of the diet for 10 wk. All rats were injected with azoxymethane (AOM) on d 21 and 28. Measurements included: aberrant crypt (AC) enumeration (colon cancer marker); apoptosis (TUNEL assay); catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities; reduced and oxidized glutathione concentrations (GSH/GSSG); and oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG adducts). AC numbers were lower in FO vs CO rats (p<0.0001), but tended to increase for FO diets containing Q (P<0.098). The apoptotic index was higher (p<0.0001) when Q was added to the FO and CO diets. Total SOD (lipid main effect, p=0.0136) and GPX activity (p=0.0025) was elevated in CO rats. CAT activity was higher (p=0.0204) in FO rats, however Q diminished this effect. GSH was not affected by diet; yet, GSSG accumulated (p=0.0554) in CO rats with Q as compared to CO rats without Q. The GSH/GSSG ratio was lower (p=0.0314) in CO rats than in FO rats. There was no difference in 8-OHdG adduct levels in FO vs CO rats, however, Q decreased 8-OHdG adducts in CO rats (p=0.0428). Despite increasing apoptosis, Q did not significantly lower AC formation. These data suggest that the distinct effects of the CO/Q and FO/Q combinations are functioning through different mechanisms to induce apoptosis. The long-term consequences of adding antioxidants such as Q to a diet thought to exert its anticancer effect through a pro-oxidant mechanism are unknown and deserve further study. Advisors/Committee Members: Turner, Nancy D. (advisor), Chapkin, Robert S. (committee member), Harris, Edward D. (committee member), Lupton, Joanne R. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: apoptosis; quercetin; dietary lipids; antioxidant enzymes; oxidative damage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Paulhill, K. J. (2009). Quercetin and Dietary Lipids Alter the Cellular Redox Environment of the Colonocyte in the Promotion Stage of Colon Carcinogenesis. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3027

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Paulhill, Kimberly Jones. “Quercetin and Dietary Lipids Alter the Cellular Redox Environment of the Colonocyte in the Promotion Stage of Colon Carcinogenesis.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3027.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Paulhill, Kimberly Jones. “Quercetin and Dietary Lipids Alter the Cellular Redox Environment of the Colonocyte in the Promotion Stage of Colon Carcinogenesis.” 2009. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Paulhill KJ. Quercetin and Dietary Lipids Alter the Cellular Redox Environment of the Colonocyte in the Promotion Stage of Colon Carcinogenesis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3027.

Council of Science Editors:

Paulhill KJ. Quercetin and Dietary Lipids Alter the Cellular Redox Environment of the Colonocyte in the Promotion Stage of Colon Carcinogenesis. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3027

Texas A&M University

21. Lewis, Jayme Beth. Effects of bran from sorghum grains containing different classes and levels of bioactive compounds in colon carcinogenesis.

Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3213

► In order to test the dietary effects of bioactive compounds present in whole grains, we decided to observe the effect of varying types of sorghum… (more)

▼ In order to test the dietary effects of bioactive compounds present in whole grains, we decided to observe the effect of varying types of sorghum bran on colon cancer promotion. We used 40 rats consuming diets containing 6% fiber from either cellulose or bran from white (contains phenolic acids), brown (contains tannins), or black (contains anthocyanins) sorghum (n=10). Diets were fed for 10 wk, during which two azoxymethane (AOM) injections (15 mg/kg BW) were administered in wk 3 and 4. We observed that the total number of aberrant crypts (AC) and high multiplicity aberrant crypt foci (HMACF) were lower in rats consuming black (p < 0.04) and brown (p < 0.006) sorghum diets when compared to the cellulose diet, and that these decreases were an inverse function of diet antioxidant activity (ABTS). These observations led us to evaluate the effect of these diets on endogenous enzymatic activities (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; and glutathione peroxidase, GPx), redox status as measured by reduced and oxidized glutathione, and cell cycle processes, proliferation and apoptosis, in the rat colon. Total SOD activity was higher (p < 0.04) in rats consuming black sorghum when compared to all other diets. A similar, but not significant, trend occurred in mitochondrial SOD. The white sorghum diet had enhanced (p < 0.02) CAT activity compared to the cellulose diet, but the black and brown sorghum diets were intermediate. Finally, all sorghum diets suppressed GPx activity relative to cellulose (p < 0.04). However, no changes were seen in levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione or the ratio of the two. The black sorghum fed rats had a lower proliferative index (p < 0.01) and zone (p < 0.04) compared to cellulose; brown and white sorghum rats were intermediate. Apoptotic index was highest in brown sorghum rats compared to cellulose (p < 0.03), while other sorghum diets were intermediate. These data suggest that the suppression of AC and HMACF formation in rats consuming sorghum bran may have resulted through the differential actions of the sorghum brans on endogenous antioxidant enzymes, which may affect colonocyte proliferation and apoptosis. Advisors/Committee Members: Turner, Nancy D (advisor), Chapkin, Robert S (committee member), Lupton, Joanne R (committee member), Rooney, Lloyd W (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: sorghum; bioactive compounds; colon cancer

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lewis, J. B. (2009). Effects of bran from sorghum grains containing different classes and levels of bioactive compounds in colon carcinogenesis. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3213

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lewis, Jayme Beth. “Effects of bran from sorghum grains containing different classes and levels of bioactive compounds in colon carcinogenesis.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3213.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lewis, Jayme Beth. “Effects of bran from sorghum grains containing different classes and levels of bioactive compounds in colon carcinogenesis.” 2009. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lewis JB. Effects of bran from sorghum grains containing different classes and levels of bioactive compounds in colon carcinogenesis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3213.

Council of Science Editors:

Lewis JB. Effects of bran from sorghum grains containing different classes and levels of bioactive compounds in colon carcinogenesis. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3213

Texas A&M University

22. Newton, Anne Henry. Effects of fish oil and butyrate on diet-mediated apoptosis at the promotion stage of colon carcinogenesis.

Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2005, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2793

► We have previously shown that dietary fish oil and the fiber pectin protect against colon cancer in rats by increasing apoptosis induced by reactive oxygen… (more)

▼ We have previously shown that dietary fish oil and the fiber pectin protect against colon cancer in rats by increasing apoptosis induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the initiation stage of tumorigenesis. We hypothesized that fish oil would incorporate into the cardiolipin of colonic mitochondrial membranes, creating an environment in which butyrate, a fermentation product of pectin, would also increase ROS and lead to apoptosis, as evidenced by decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), enhanced caspase-3 activity and cytochrome c translocation from the mitochondria, thus protecting against colon cancer by removing DNA damaged cells at the promotion stage of carcinogenesis. Sixty rats were provided a diet containing 15% corn or fish oil for 11 wk and injected with azoxymethane (AOM) or saline at wk 3 and 4. At wk 11, colonocytes were exposed to +/- butyrate ex vivo for 30 or 60 min. ROS and MMP were measured using fluorescence microscopy, and cytochrome c concentration and caspase-3 activity were measured using ELISA assays. Cardiolipin fatty acid enrichment was measured via TLC and GC. Butyrate increased ROS (p<0.0001) regardless of diet or treatment group. In colonic crypts from fish oilconsuming rats, butyrate reduced MMP (p=0.05). However, butyrate had no effect on MMP if the rats were consuming corn oil. In colonocytes from rats consuming fish oil, butyrate decreased mitochondrial cytochrome c (11%; p=0.02) concomitant with an increase in caspase-3 activity (17%; p=0.04) in the distal colon. In fish oil-fed animals, the n-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA were incorporated into cardiolipin at the expense of n-6 fatty acids. Regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between DHA (R=0.49, p=0.03) and EPA (R=0.59, p=0.02) and cytosolic cytochrome c content. As the percentage of DHA and EPA in the cardiolipin increased, the level of cytochrome c in the cytosol increased. These relationships were not seen in rats consuming corn oil and suggest that these results, induced only by the combination of butyrate with fish oil, may lead to increased apoptosis at the promotion stage of colon carcinogenesis via a mitochondria-mediated mechanism. Advisors/Committee Members: Lupton, Joanne R. (advisor), Turner, Nancy D. (committee member), Carroll, Raymond J. (committee member), Chapkin, Robert S. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: colon cancer; fish oil; butyrate

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APA (6^th Edition):

Newton, A. H. (2005). Effects of fish oil and butyrate on diet-mediated apoptosis at the promotion stage of colon carcinogenesis. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2793

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Newton, Anne Henry. “Effects of fish oil and butyrate on diet-mediated apoptosis at the promotion stage of colon carcinogenesis.” 2005. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2793.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Newton, Anne Henry. “Effects of fish oil and butyrate on diet-mediated apoptosis at the promotion stage of colon carcinogenesis.” 2005. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Newton AH. Effects of fish oil and butyrate on diet-mediated apoptosis at the promotion stage of colon carcinogenesis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2005. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2793.

Council of Science Editors:

Newton AH. Effects of fish oil and butyrate on diet-mediated apoptosis at the promotion stage of colon carcinogenesis. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2793

Texas A&M University

23. Rayadurgam, Sripriya. Design of a wall-less proportional counter for microdosimetry in nanometer dimensions.

Degree: MS, Health Physics, 2006, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3801

► Knowledge of energy deposition in biological cells at nanometer dimensions is essential to understand the biological effects of radiation. This work has resulted in the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: wall-less; nanometer

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rayadurgam, S. (2006). Design of a wall-less proportional counter for microdosimetry in nanometer dimensions. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3801

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rayadurgam, Sripriya. “Design of a wall-less proportional counter for microdosimetry in nanometer dimensions.” 2006. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3801.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rayadurgam, Sripriya. “Design of a wall-less proportional counter for microdosimetry in nanometer dimensions.” 2006. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Rayadurgam S. Design of a wall-less proportional counter for microdosimetry in nanometer dimensions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2006. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3801.

Council of Science Editors:

Rayadurgam S. Design of a wall-less proportional counter for microdosimetry in nanometer dimensions. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3801

Texas A&M University

24. Leonardi, Tety. Dietary apigenin and naringenin protect against colon carcinogenesis by lowering high multiplicity aberrant crypt foci and enhancing apoptosis in azoxymethane-treated rats.

Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2006, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3948

► Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States. However, evidence indicates that a proper diet abundant in fruits and vegetables may… (more)

▼ Colon cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States. However, evidence indicates that a proper diet abundant in fruits and vegetables may be protective against colon cancer development. Bioactive compounds in fruits and vegetables, such as flavonoids and limonoids, have been shown to possess anti-proliferative and antitumorigenic effects in various in vitro and in vivo models of cancer. Since there are few animal studies involving flavonoids and limonoids and colon cancer, this experiment investigated the potentially protective effects of four citrus flavonoids and one limonoid mixture against the promotion stage of chemically-induced colon cancer in rats. Male SD rats (n =60; 10 rats/group) were assigned to receive diets containing 0.1% apigenin, 0.02% naringenin, 0.1% hesperidin, 0.01% nobiletin, 0.035% limonin glucoside/obacunone glucoside mixture, or a control diet (0% flavonoid/limonoid). Rats received the diets for 10 wk and were injected with azoxymethane (15 mg/kg) at wk 3 and 4. The excised colons were evaluated for aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation, cell proliferation (PCNA assay), apoptosis (TUNEL assay), and iNOS and COX-2 expression. When compared to the control diet, apigenin lowered the number of high multiplicity ACF (> 4 AC/focus) by 57% (P<0.05) and tended to lower the proliferative index (28%; P=0.07), while naringenin lowered both the number of high multiplicity ACF by 51% (P<0.05) and the proliferative index by 32% (P<0.05). Both apigenin and naringenin increased apoptosis of surface colon cells (78% and 97%, respectively; P<0.05) when compared to control diet. Hesperidin, nobiletin, and the limoninglucoside/obacunone glucoside mixture did not have any effects on the above variables measured in this model of colon carcinogenesis. The colonic mucosal protein levels of iNOS or COX-2 were not different among the six diet groups. Evidence suggests that high multiplicity ACF are indicative of future tumor development in both humans and rats. Furthermore, dysregulated proliferation and apoptosis may also lead to tumorigenesis. Therefore, the ability of dietary apigenin and naringenin to reduce high multiplicity ACF, lower proliferation, and increase apoptosis may contribute toward colon cancer prevention. However, their protection is not due to their influence on iNOS and COX-2 protein levels. Advisors/Committee Members: Lupton, Joanne R. (advisor), Turner, Nancy D. (advisor), Chapkin, Robert S. (committee member), Wang, Naisyin (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: ACF; colon carcinogenesis; apigenin; naringenin

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APA (6^th Edition):

Leonardi, T. (2006). Dietary apigenin and naringenin protect against colon carcinogenesis by lowering high multiplicity aberrant crypt foci and enhancing apoptosis in azoxymethane-treated rats. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3948

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Leonardi, Tety. “Dietary apigenin and naringenin protect against colon carcinogenesis by lowering high multiplicity aberrant crypt foci and enhancing apoptosis in azoxymethane-treated rats.” 2006. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3948.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Leonardi, Tety. “Dietary apigenin and naringenin protect against colon carcinogenesis by lowering high multiplicity aberrant crypt foci and enhancing apoptosis in azoxymethane-treated rats.” 2006. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Leonardi T. Dietary apigenin and naringenin protect against colon carcinogenesis by lowering high multiplicity aberrant crypt foci and enhancing apoptosis in azoxymethane-treated rats. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2006. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3948.

Council of Science Editors:

Leonardi T. Dietary apigenin and naringenin protect against colon carcinogenesis by lowering high multiplicity aberrant crypt foci and enhancing apoptosis in azoxymethane-treated rats. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3948

Texas A&M University

25. Covert, Kristy Lynn. Dietary fish oil and butyrate increase apoptosis and decrease aberrant crypt foci in colon cancer by enhancing histone acetylation and p21waf1/cip1 expression.

Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2006, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3958

► We have previously shown that dietary fish oil and fiber, particularly the highly-fermentable pectin, are protective against colon cancer in a rat model of carcinogenesis.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Fish Oil; Butyrate; Colon; Histone

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APA (6^th Edition):

Covert, K. L. (2006). Dietary fish oil and butyrate increase apoptosis and decrease aberrant crypt foci in colon cancer by enhancing histone acetylation and p21waf1/cip1 expression. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3958

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Covert, Kristy Lynn. “Dietary fish oil and butyrate increase apoptosis and decrease aberrant crypt foci in colon cancer by enhancing histone acetylation and p21waf1/cip1 expression.” 2006. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3958.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Covert, Kristy Lynn. “Dietary fish oil and butyrate increase apoptosis and decrease aberrant crypt foci in colon cancer by enhancing histone acetylation and p21waf1/cip1 expression.” 2006. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Covert KL. Dietary fish oil and butyrate increase apoptosis and decrease aberrant crypt foci in colon cancer by enhancing histone acetylation and p21waf1/cip1 expression. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2006. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3958.

Council of Science Editors:

Covert KL. Dietary fish oil and butyrate increase apoptosis and decrease aberrant crypt foci in colon cancer by enhancing histone acetylation and p21waf1/cip1 expression. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3958

Texas A&M University

26. Mann, John Clifford. The effects of diet and ionizing radiation on azoxymethane induced colon carcinogenesis.

Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2006, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4250

► The ability of ionizing radiation to enhance colon carcinogenesis and the role of diet in this process has not been documented. We hypothesized that radiation… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: radiation; colon

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mann, J. C. (2006). The effects of diet and ionizing radiation on azoxymethane induced colon carcinogenesis. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4250

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mann, John Clifford. “The effects of diet and ionizing radiation on azoxymethane induced colon carcinogenesis.” 2006. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4250.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mann, John Clifford. “The effects of diet and ionizing radiation on azoxymethane induced colon carcinogenesis.” 2006. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Mann JC. The effects of diet and ionizing radiation on azoxymethane induced colon carcinogenesis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2006. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4250.

Council of Science Editors:

Mann JC. The effects of diet and ionizing radiation on azoxymethane induced colon carcinogenesis. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4250

Texas A&M University

27. Apanasovich, Tatiyana Vladimirovna. Testing for spatial correlation and semiparametric spatial modeling of binary outcomes with application to aberrant crypt foci in colon carcinogenesis experiments.

Degree: PhD, Statistics, 2005, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2674

► In an experiment to understand colon carcinogenesis, all animals were exposed to a carcinogen while half the animals were also exposed to radiation. Spatially, we… (more)

▼ In an experiment to understand colon carcinogenesis, all animals were exposed to a carcinogen while half the animals were also exposed to radiation. Spatially, we measured the existence of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), namely morphologically changed colonic crypts that are known to be precursors of colon cancer development. The biological question of interest is whether the locations of these ACFs are spatially correlated: if so, this indicates that damage to the colon due to carcinogens and radiation is localized. Statistically, the data take the form of binary outcomes (corresponding to the existence of an ACF) on a regular grid. We develop score??type methods based upon the Matern and conditionally autoregression (CAR) correlation models to test for the spatial correlation in such data, while allowing for nonstationarity. Because of a technical peculiarity of the score??type test, we also develop robust versions of the method. The methods are compared to a generalization of Moran??s test for continuous outcomes, and are shown via simulation to have the potential for increased power. When applied to our data, the methods indicate the existence of spatial correlation, and hence indicate localization of damage. Assuming that there are correlations in the locations of the ACF, the questions are how great are these correlations, and whether the correlation structures di?er when an animal is exposed to radiation. To understand the extent of the correlation, we cast the problem as a spatial binary regression, where binary responses arise from an underlying Gaussian latent process. We model these marginal probabilities of ACF semiparametrically, using ?xed-knot penalized regression splines and single-index models. We ?t the models using pairwise pseudolikelihood methods. Assuming that the underlying latent process is strongly mixing, known to be the case for many Gaussian processes, we prove asymptotic normality of the methods. The penalized regression splines have penalty parameters that must converge to zero asymptotically: we derive rates for these parameters that do and do not lead to an asymptotic bias, and we derive the optimal rate of convergence for them. Finally, we apply the methods to the data from our experiment. Advisors/Committee Members: Turner, Nancy D. (advisor), Carroll, Raymond J. (advisor), Malick, Bani K. (committee member), Sherman, Michael (committee member), Wang, Naisyin (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Aberrant crypt foci; Binary data; Colon cancer; Correlation structure; Generalized linear mixed models,Longitudinal data; Nonparametric regression; Partially linear model; Semiparametric regression; Single index model; Spatial statistics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Apanasovich, T. V. (2005). Testing for spatial correlation and semiparametric spatial modeling of binary outcomes with application to aberrant crypt foci in colon carcinogenesis experiments. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2674

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Apanasovich, Tatiyana Vladimirovna. “Testing for spatial correlation and semiparametric spatial modeling of binary outcomes with application to aberrant crypt foci in colon carcinogenesis experiments.” 2005. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2674.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Apanasovich, Tatiyana Vladimirovna. “Testing for spatial correlation and semiparametric spatial modeling of binary outcomes with application to aberrant crypt foci in colon carcinogenesis experiments.” 2005. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Apanasovich TV. Testing for spatial correlation and semiparametric spatial modeling of binary outcomes with application to aberrant crypt foci in colon carcinogenesis experiments. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2005. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2674.

Council of Science Editors:

Apanasovich TV. Testing for spatial correlation and semiparametric spatial modeling of binary outcomes with application to aberrant crypt foci in colon carcinogenesis experiments. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2674

Texas A&M University

28. Sanders, Lisa Merle. Effects of dietary fat and fiber on the oxidative status of the small intestine and colon of rats.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2006, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3764

► Colon cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the US, yet small intestine cancer is a rare event. While there are many… (more)

▼ Colon cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in the US, yet small intestine cancer is a rare event. While there are many similarities between these two tissues, inherent differences such as redox status, may contribute to the variation in cancer occurrence. We examined the difference in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, antioxidant enzyme activity and oxidative DNA damage in the small and large intestine of rats under normal conditions and following exposure to exogenous oxidative stress. Basal ROS and antioxidant enzyme activities were greater in the colon than the small intestine, and the balance of ROS to antioxidant enzymes in the colon was more pro-oxidant than in the small intestine. During oxidative stress, ROS and oxidative DNA damage were greater in the colon than the small intestine. Thus the colon responds to oxidative stress less effectively than the small intestine, possibly contributing to increased cancer incidence at this site. We next wanted to understand how diets containing a combination of fish or corn oil and pectin or cellulose may alter the redox environment of the colon. ROS, oxidative DNA damage, antioxidant enzyme activity and apoptosis were measured in colonocytes of rats fed one of four diets containing either corn oil or fish oil and cellulose or pectin. Measurements were madein rats untreated with carcinogen and rats exposed to a chemical carcinogen and radiation. In rats not treated with a carcinogen, fish oil enhanced ROS, and fish oil/pectin suppressed antioxidant enzymes as compared to corn oil/cellulose. Oxidative DNA damage was inversely related to ROS in the fish oil/pectin diet and apoptosis was enhanced relative to other diets. In carcinogen treated and irradiated rats, a similar protective effect was seen with fish oil/pectin as evidenced by a reduction in oxidative DNA damage and enhancement of apoptosis. This suggests that a diet containing fish oil/pectin may protect against colon carcinogenesis by modulation of the redox environment to promote apoptosis and minimize oxidative DNA damage. Advisors/Committee Members: Lupton, Joanne R. (advisor), Burghardt, Robert C. (committee member), Carroll, Raymond J. (committee member), Chapkin, Robert S. (committee member), Turner, Nancy D. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: colon cancer; apoptosis; reactive oxygen species; antioxidants; oxidative stress; glutathione; oxidative damage; radiation; animal model; small intestine; fish oil; omega 3 fatty acids; dietary fiber

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Sanders, L. M. (2006). Effects of dietary fat and fiber on the oxidative status of the small intestine and colon of rats. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3764

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sanders, Lisa Merle. “Effects of dietary fat and fiber on the oxidative status of the small intestine and colon of rats.” 2006. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3764.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sanders, Lisa Merle. “Effects of dietary fat and fiber on the oxidative status of the small intestine and colon of rats.” 2006. Web. 09 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Sanders LM. Effects of dietary fat and fiber on the oxidative status of the small intestine and colon of rats. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2006. [cited 2021 Mar 09]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3764.

Council of Science Editors:

Sanders LM. Effects of dietary fat and fiber on the oxidative status of the small intestine and colon of rats. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3764

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