+publisher:"Texas A&M University" +contributor:("Scott, H. Morgan")

1. Alali, Walid Qasim. Longitudinal study of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from integrated multi-site cohorts of humans and swine.

Degree: PhD, Biomedical Sciences, 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2434

► Many studies have attempted to link antimicrobial use in food animal agriculture with an increased risk of antimicrobial-resistant (AR) bacterial levels in humans. Our data… (more)

▼ Many studies have attempted to link antimicrobial use in food animal agriculture with an increased risk of antimicrobial-resistant (AR) bacterial levels in humans. Our data arise from longitudinal aggregated fecal samples in a 3-year cohort study of vertically integrated populations of human workers and consumers, and swine. Human and swine E. coli isolates (N = 2130 and 3485, respectively) were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using the SensititreTM broth microdilution system. The associations between AR prevalence for each antimicrobial agent, multi-drug resistant E. coli, or multivariate AR E. coli, and the risk factors (host species, production type (swine), vocation (human swine worker versus non-worker), and season) in the study were assessed using generalized estimating equations (GEE), GLM with multinomial distribution, or GEE in a multivariate model using a SAS® macro to adjust for the correlated AR phenotypes. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in AR isolates: 1) between host-species with swine at higher risk for ceftiofur, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline. The prevalence of ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resistance were higher among human isolates, 2) swine production group was significantly associated with AR with purchased boars, nursery piglets, and breeding boars at a higher risk of resistance to streptomycin and tetracycline, and 3) human swine worker cohorts exhibited an elevated tetracycline prevalence, but lowered sulfisoxazole prevalence when compared to nonworkers. High variability among seasonal samples over the 3-year period was observed. There were significant differences in multiple resistance isolates between host species, with swine at higher risk than humans of carrying multi-resistant strains; however, no significant differences in multiple resistance isolates within humans by vocation or within swine by production group. The odds-ratios, adjusted for multivariate dependence of individual AR phenotypes, were increased relative to unadjusted oddsratios among 1) swine as compared to human for tetracycline (OR = 21.8 vs. 19.6), and 2) increased significantly among swine-workers as compared to non-workers only for tetracycline (OR = 1.4 vs. 1.3). Occupational exposure to swine-rearing facilities appears to be associated with an increased relative odds for the prevalence of tetracycline resistance compared to non-workers. Advisors/Committee Members: Scott, H. Morgan (advisor), Harvey, Roger (committee member), Lawhorn, D. Bruce (committee member), Norby, Bo (committee member), Pillai, Suresh (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA COLI; LONGITUDINAL

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APA (6^th Edition):

Alali, W. Q. (2009). Longitudinal study of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from integrated multi-site cohorts of humans and swine. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2434

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alali, Walid Qasim. “Longitudinal study of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from integrated multi-site cohorts of humans and swine.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2434.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alali, Walid Qasim. “Longitudinal study of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from integrated multi-site cohorts of humans and swine.” 2009. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Alali WQ. Longitudinal study of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from integrated multi-site cohorts of humans and swine. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2434.

Council of Science Editors:

Alali WQ. Longitudinal study of antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli isolated from integrated multi-site cohorts of humans and swine. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2434

Texas A&M University

2. Bissett, Wesley Thurlow, Jr. Ecosystem health at the texas coastal bend: a spatial analysis of exposure and response.

Degree: PhD, Veterinary Microbiology, 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2126

► This dissertation investigated locational risks to ecosystem health associated with proximity to industrial complexes. The study was performed at the behest of ranchers and citizens… (more)

▼ This dissertation investigated locational risks to ecosystem health associated with proximity to industrial complexes. The study was performed at the behest of ranchers and citizens living and working down-prevailing wind from the Formosa Plastics, Inc. and ALCOA facilities located in Calhoun County, Texas. Concerns expressed were for potential genotoxicity resulting from exposure to complex chemical mixtures released by the facilities. Exposure assessment of the marine environment was performed with sediments and oysters from Lavaca Bay being analyzed. Numerous chemicals were found to be present at concentrations considered likely to result in adverse responses in exposed populations. Bayesian geostatistical analysis was performed to determine if the concentrations were affected by a spatial process. Mercury and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were the most notable of the chemicals found to be present at elevated concentrations and affected by a spatial process. Evaluation of maps generated from spatial modeling revealed that proximity to ALCOA resulted in elevated risks for exposure to harmful concentrations of pollutants. Genotoxicity was measured in two sentinel species. Oysters (Crassostrea virginica) were utilized for evaluation of the marine environment and cattle (Bos taurus and Bos taurus crossbred cattle) were chosen for evaluation of the terrestrial environment. Chromosomal aberration analysis was performed on oyster hematocytes. Analysis of the results failed to demonstrate the presence of an important generalized spatial process but some specific locations close to the ALCOA plant had elevations in this measure of genotoxicity. Stress as measured by the lysosomal destabilization assay was also performed on oyster hematocytes. These results were found to be affected by a significant spatial process with the highest degree of destabilization occurring in close proximity to ALCOA. Genotoxicity in cattle was evaluated with the single cell gel electrophoresis assay and chromosomal aberration analysis. Bayesian geostatistical analyis revealed the presence of important spatial processes. DNA-protein cross-linkage was the most notable with a strong indication of increased damage down-prevailing wind from the industrial complexes. Results indicated that proximity to industrial facilities increased the risk for harmful exposures, genotoxicity, and lysosomal destabilization. Advisors/Committee Members: Adams, L. Garry (advisor), Thompson, James A. (advisor), Field, Robert (committee member), Moyer, William (committee member), Phillips, Timothy (committee member), Scott, H. Morgan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: genotoxicity; sentinnel species; biomarkers; spatial analysis; Bayesian analysis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bissett, Wesley Thurlow, J. (2009). Ecosystem health at the texas coastal bend: a spatial analysis of exposure and response. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2126

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bissett, Wesley Thurlow, Jr. “Ecosystem health at the texas coastal bend: a spatial analysis of exposure and response.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2126.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bissett, Wesley Thurlow, Jr. “Ecosystem health at the texas coastal bend: a spatial analysis of exposure and response.” 2009. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bissett, Wesley Thurlow J. Ecosystem health at the texas coastal bend: a spatial analysis of exposure and response. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2126.

Council of Science Editors:

Bissett, Wesley Thurlow J. Ecosystem health at the texas coastal bend: a spatial analysis of exposure and response. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2126

Texas A&M University

3. Christian, Kristi Lynn. The relationship between the level of antibiotic use and resistance among enteric bacteria in a multi-site integrated human and swine population.

Degree: MS, Epidemiology, 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2738

► The objective of this longitudinal study was to study the relationship between changes in prevalence of resistant enteric bacteria associated with mean monthly doses (MMD)… (more)

▼ The objective of this longitudinal study was to study the relationship between changes in prevalence of resistant enteric bacteria associated with mean monthly doses (MMD) of various antibiotics used in each of two host species. From January 2004 – January 2007, monthly composite swine fecal samples and human wastewater samples representing various production and occupational cohorts, respectively, were collected from 19 geographically unique locations in east- and south-central Texas. Bacterial isolates cultivated on CHROMagar-E.coliTM and DifcoTM mEnterococcus (ME) were tested for susceptibility to multiple antibiotics by microbroth dilution using the SensititreTM system. The relationship between the prevalence of resistant bacteria, sampling period, and antibiotic use within each host species was assessed in a generalized linear model adjusted for the dependence of responses within location using a binomial distribution and logit link function in STATA® ver. 9.2. For the swine E. coli isolates, the relationship between tetracycline resistance and level of chlortetracycline (CTC) use in swine illustrated a dose-response relationship, with odds ratios (OR) of 1.20 and 1.81 (P < 0.05) for second- and third-level categories of MMD relative to baseline (zero-use) respectively. When considered by swine production groups, intake boar isolates had an elevated relative odds of resistance to tetracycline (OR = 1.51, P < 0.05), and the nursery units had an elevated odds (OR = 2.61, P < 0.05) of exhibiting resistance to ceftiofur, relative to pigs housed in the farrowing barns. Regarding swine Enterococci isolates, those swine from locations that utilized tylosin had an elevated OR of 3.54 (P < 0.05) of exhibiting resistance to tylosin, relative to those locations that used no tylosin. At this juncture, an apparent occupational risk of harboring tetracycline-resistant E. coli, and the apparent sparing effect (Enterococcus spp.) associated with exposure to swine production, remain unexplained. This study demonstrated that the prevalences of tetracycline- and tylosin-resistant enteric bacteria swine were dependent on CTC and tylosin use in feed, respectively. Swine production group-effects on the prevalence of tetracycline, ceftiofur, and erythromycin resistance were also important. This study provides a better understanding of the relationships between antibiotic prescribing practices at the ecologic level and the relative odds of carriage of resistant bacteria within two host species in a vertically integrated agri-food system. Advisors/Committee Members: Scott, H. Morgan (advisor), Fajt, Virginia (committee member), Harvey, Roger B. (committee member), Lawhorn, Bruce (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: antibiotic; resistance; swine; human; integrated system; multi-site

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APA (6^th Edition):

Christian, K. L. (2009). The relationship between the level of antibiotic use and resistance among enteric bacteria in a multi-site integrated human and swine population. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2738

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Christian, Kristi Lynn. “The relationship between the level of antibiotic use and resistance among enteric bacteria in a multi-site integrated human and swine population.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2738.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Christian, Kristi Lynn. “The relationship between the level of antibiotic use and resistance among enteric bacteria in a multi-site integrated human and swine population.” 2009. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Christian KL. The relationship between the level of antibiotic use and resistance among enteric bacteria in a multi-site integrated human and swine population. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2738.

Council of Science Editors:

Christian KL. The relationship between the level of antibiotic use and resistance among enteric bacteria in a multi-site integrated human and swine population. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2738

Texas A&M University

4. Deck, Aubrey Lynn. Spatio-temporal relationships between feral hogs and cattle with implicatons for disease transmission.

Degree: MS, Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, 2007, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5884

► It is widely recognized that livestock industries are vulnerable to intentional or accidental introductions of Foreign Animal Diseases (FADs). Combating disease is difficult because of… (more)

▼ It is widely recognized that livestock industries are vulnerable to intentional or accidental introductions of Foreign Animal Diseases (FADs). Combating disease is difficult because of unknown wildlife-livestock interactions. Feral hogs (Sus scrofa) could harbor and shed disease in areas used by domestic livestock such as cattle (Bos taurus). Extent of risk logically depends on spatio-temporal interactions between species. I used Global Positioning System (GPS) collars on cattle and hogs in combination with a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for detailed analysis on movement patterns of these 2 species on a ranch in southwestern Texas, USA. Motion-triggered video recorders were also utilized to determine interspecific activity patterns. I tested hypotheses that spatio-temporal distributions of domestic cattle and feral hogs on rangeland overlap and that interspecific contact occurs. If these posits are true, it is possible that introduced pathogens like foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) could be transmitted from feral hogs to cattle. Using a rate of 1 GPS fix/15 min (96 fixes/day), I found that spatial distribution of individual hogs and cattle overlapped on both the 95% and 50% kernel area use among 4 seasons. Both cows and feral hogs used Clay Flat, Clay Loam, and Rolling Hardland more so than other range sites. During Summer 2004, riparian zones were the most used feature, identified at 14% (2,760/19,365) of cattle and 70% (445/632) of hog fixes. Other than brush strips, cattle and feral hogs primarily interacted at riparian zones, fencelines, and roads. There were no direct interspecific contacts evident from GPS data, but 3 cases were recorded from video data. Indirect interspecific contacts that may be sufficient for disease transmission occurred much more frequently (GPS = 3.35 indirect contacts/day, video = cows follow hogs: 0.69 indirect contacts/day and hogs follow cows: 0.54 indirect contacts/day). Research results suggested that both species often travel along the same roads and fencelines to water and food sources, especially during extreme heat and low-precipitation conditions. This research provides basic information needed to improve models for management of FAD outbreaks in the U.S., based on specific knowledge of landscape usage and movement patterns of feral hogs and cattle. Advisors/Committee Members: Cathey, James C. (advisor), Cooper, Susan M. (committee member), Scott, H. Morgan (committee member), Wilkins, R. Neal (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: animal movements; feral hogs; cattle; GPS; contact rates; disease

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APA (6^th Edition):

Deck, A. L. (2007). Spatio-temporal relationships between feral hogs and cattle with implicatons for disease transmission. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5884

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Deck, Aubrey Lynn. “Spatio-temporal relationships between feral hogs and cattle with implicatons for disease transmission.” 2007. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5884.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Deck, Aubrey Lynn. “Spatio-temporal relationships between feral hogs and cattle with implicatons for disease transmission.” 2007. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Deck AL. Spatio-temporal relationships between feral hogs and cattle with implicatons for disease transmission. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5884.

Council of Science Editors:

Deck AL. Spatio-temporal relationships between feral hogs and cattle with implicatons for disease transmission. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/5884

Texas A&M University

5. De La Garza, Guadalupe Ray, III. Effective contact of cattle and feral swine facilitating potential foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission in southern Texas, USA rangeland.

Degree: MS, Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1387

► For the second study, a web-based survey was developed and distributed to all members of four major health education organizations. A total of 1,925 HEs’… (more)

▼ For the second study, a web-based survey was developed and distributed to all members of four major health education organizations. A total of 1,925 HEs’ completed the survey and 1,607 responses were utilized in the final analysis. This study indicated that participants had deficient knowledge and unfavorable attitudes toward the CDCproposed genomic competencies. In the third study, a theoretical model was developed to predict HEs’ likelihood to incorporate genomic competencies into their practice. Using techniques from Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the model was tested with the same data of the second study. Findings supported the proposed theoretical model. While genomic knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy were significantly associated with HEs’ likelihood to incorporate genomic competencies into their practice, attitudes was the strongest predictor of likelihood. In summary, these studies indicated that participating HEs had deficient genomic knowledge, unfavorable attitudes toward a set of CDC-proposed genomic competencies, and low likelihood to adopt genomic competencies into health promotion. Relevant training should be developed and advocated. As the SEM analysis results indicated the survey findings supported the proposed theoretical model, which can be utilized to steer future training for HEs. statistics, 2) unadjusted inferential statistics, 3) stratified analysis, and 4) multivariable models. My investigation produced results in accord with generally accepted notions in addition to significant findings that interestingly counter current preconceptions. Intraspecies contact was more common than inter-species, with indirect contact occurring more frequently than direct. Direct contact between species occurred extremely rarely. The most important factors that influenced the rate of contact for both species were water, winter, and cultivated fields. Information regarding probability of infectious agent survival and transfer will be used in the future to advance current epidemiological models, including geographicautomata (Ward et al. 2007: In Press) and cellular automata models (Doran and Laffan 2005) to better understand and manage integrated domestic cattle and free-ranging wildlife populations. Such modeling provides essential and necessary knowledge for developing prevention, detection, response, and recovery strategies – employed in advance, during, and after a disease outbreak, respectively. Advisors/Committee Members: Cooper, Susan M. (advisor), Scott, H. Morgan (advisor), Cathey, James C. (committee member), Lopez, Roel R. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: effective contact rate; FMDv; epidemiology; wildlife disease management; feral swine; sus scrofa; direct indirect contact; inter-species; intra-species; modeling

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APA (6^th Edition):

De La Garza, Guadalupe Ray, I. (2009). Effective contact of cattle and feral swine facilitating potential foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission in southern Texas, USA rangeland. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1387

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

De La Garza, Guadalupe Ray, III. “Effective contact of cattle and feral swine facilitating potential foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission in southern Texas, USA rangeland.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1387.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

De La Garza, Guadalupe Ray, III. “Effective contact of cattle and feral swine facilitating potential foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission in southern Texas, USA rangeland.” 2009. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

De La Garza, Guadalupe Ray I. Effective contact of cattle and feral swine facilitating potential foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission in southern Texas, USA rangeland. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1387.

Council of Science Editors:

De La Garza, Guadalupe Ray I. Effective contact of cattle and feral swine facilitating potential foot-and-mouth disease virus transmission in southern Texas, USA rangeland. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1387

Texas A&M University

6. Delgado, Amy Haley. The Social Context of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Control in Texas: Foundations for Effective Risk Communication.

Degree: PhD, Biomedical Sciences, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10495

► The introduction of FMD into the US would have serious economic and societal effects on the livelihoods and sustainability of affected livestock producers. Livestock producers… (more)

▼ The introduction of FMD into the US would have serious economic and societal effects on the livelihoods and sustainability of affected livestock producers. Livestock producers serve as an important line of defense in both detecting an introduction of FMD as well, helping to prevent disease spread. However, due to the complexity of moral, social, and economic issues surrounding the control of highly contagious diseases, producer cooperation during an outbreak may not be assured. This study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach, including qualitative analysis of interviews and quantitative analysis of a postal survey, in order to explore the factors likely to influence producer cooperation in FMD detection and control in Texas. Reporting of cattle with clinical signs of FMD in the absence of an outbreak was related to producers´ beliefs about the consequences of reporting, beliefs about what other producers would do, trust in agricultural agencies, and their perception of the risk posed by FMD. During a hypothetical outbreak, intentions to report were determined by beliefs about the consequences of reporting, and perception of the risk posed by FMD. Intentions to gather and hold cattle when requested during an outbreak were determined by beliefs about the consequences of gathering and holding, beliefs about barriers to gathering and holding, trust in other producers, and perception of the risk posed by FMD. Compliance with animal movement restrictions was determined by experiential attitudes, beliefs about the availability of feed, space, and disinfection procedures, beliefs about what other producers would do, and perception of the risk posed by FMD. Recommendations for improving producer cooperation include targeting specific beliefs in both planning and communication, increasing transparency in the post-reporting process, planning for and communicating plans for maintaining business continuity in order to better inform risk perception, and partnering with organizations to ensure sustained and meaningful communication that supports trust between producers within the affected agricultural community. Advisors/Committee Members: Norby, Bo (advisor), Scott, H. Morgan (committee member), McIntosh, William A. (committee member), Posey, R. Daniel (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: foot and mouth disease; disease reporting; surveillance; foreign animal disease; theory of planned behavior; emergency response; behavior; disease control

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APA (6^th Edition):

Delgado, A. H. (2012). The Social Context of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Control in Texas: Foundations for Effective Risk Communication. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10495

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Delgado, Amy Haley. “The Social Context of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Control in Texas: Foundations for Effective Risk Communication.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10495.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Delgado, Amy Haley. “The Social Context of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Control in Texas: Foundations for Effective Risk Communication.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Delgado AH. The Social Context of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Control in Texas: Foundations for Effective Risk Communication. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10495.

Council of Science Editors:

Delgado AH. The Social Context of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Control in Texas: Foundations for Effective Risk Communication. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10495

7. Dietz, Mark Colton. Comparison of host-, herd-, and environmental-factors associated with serpositivity to neospora caninum among adult beef and dairy cattle in alberta.

Degree: MS, Epidemiology, 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3168

► This study represents an analysis of serological and risk factor data collected previously in Alberta, Canada, involving neosporosis in beef and dairy cattle. The causative… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Neospora caninum Beef Dairy Cattle Alberta Canada

…Agroecological Regions in Alberta, Canada. Scott, H. Morgan et al. Seroprevalence and agroecological…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dietz, M. C. (2009). Comparison of host-, herd-, and environmental-factors associated with serpositivity to neospora caninum among adult beef and dairy cattle in alberta. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3168

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dietz, Mark Colton. “Comparison of host-, herd-, and environmental-factors associated with serpositivity to neospora caninum among adult beef and dairy cattle in alberta.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3168.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dietz, Mark Colton. “Comparison of host-, herd-, and environmental-factors associated with serpositivity to neospora caninum among adult beef and dairy cattle in alberta.” 2009. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dietz MC. Comparison of host-, herd-, and environmental-factors associated with serpositivity to neospora caninum among adult beef and dairy cattle in alberta. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3168.

Council of Science Editors:

Dietz MC. Comparison of host-, herd-, and environmental-factors associated with serpositivity to neospora caninum among adult beef and dairy cattle in alberta. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3168

Texas A&M University

8. Dominguez, Brandon James. Characterization of livestock herds in extensive agricultural settings in southwest Texas.

Degree: MS, Epidemiology, 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1302

► Because of an ever-increasing threat of foreign animal disease outbreaks in the United States, there is a desire to develop strategies to prevent the occurrence… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: extensively managed livestock; modeling; density; contact rate

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dominguez, B. J. (2009). Characterization of livestock herds in extensive agricultural settings in southwest Texas. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1302

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dominguez, Brandon James. “Characterization of livestock herds in extensive agricultural settings in southwest Texas.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1302.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dominguez, Brandon James. “Characterization of livestock herds in extensive agricultural settings in southwest Texas.” 2009. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dominguez BJ. Characterization of livestock herds in extensive agricultural settings in southwest Texas. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1302.

Council of Science Editors:

Dominguez BJ. Characterization of livestock herds in extensive agricultural settings in southwest Texas. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1302

Texas A&M University

9. Graham, Sherry Lynn. Prevalence and spatial distribution of antibodies to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium O antigens in bulk milk from Texas dairy herds.

Degree: MS, Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, 2004, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/450

► The purpose of this study was to describe the herd antibody status to Salmonella Typhimurium as estimated from co-mingled milk samples and to describe the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: salmonella; spatial; dairy; milk

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APA (6^th Edition):

Graham, S. L. (2004). Prevalence and spatial distribution of antibodies to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium O antigens in bulk milk from Texas dairy herds. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/450

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Graham, Sherry Lynn. “Prevalence and spatial distribution of antibodies to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium O antigens in bulk milk from Texas dairy herds.” 2004. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/450.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Graham, Sherry Lynn. “Prevalence and spatial distribution of antibodies to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium O antigens in bulk milk from Texas dairy herds.” 2004. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Graham SL. Prevalence and spatial distribution of antibodies to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium O antigens in bulk milk from Texas dairy herds. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2004. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/450.

Council of Science Editors:

Graham SL. Prevalence and spatial distribution of antibodies to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium O antigens in bulk milk from Texas dairy herds. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2004. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/450

Texas A&M University

10. Hudson, Jonathan Thomas. Assessing the repeatability and validity of a questionnaire on pain and lameness in the canine.

Degree: MS, Epidemiology, 2004, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/28

► The measurement of pain has had a growing importance in animals for both privately owned animals and those animals involved in clinical research. Lameness is… (more)

▼ The measurement of pain has had a growing importance in animals for both privately owned animals and those animals involved in clinical research. Lameness is considered to be 1 aspect of the pain experience. The ability of a veterinarian to assess lameness during a routine orthopedic examination can be difficult given the short amount of time in which the clinician can observe the animal, and the fact that the animal is in a stressful environment. Thus, the input of the owner concerning the animal's well-being over an extended time period may be extremely useful to the clinician in assessing the degree of lameness of the animal. It was the purpose of this study to establish an instrument that was both repeatable and valid in assessing the degree of lameness. The instrument used was a questionnaire containing 39 questions in a visual analog scale format. A force platform was used as the gold-standard for detecting mechanical lameness. Peak vertical, cranial-caudal, and their associated impulses were forces used to determine lameness, along with maximum slope in some cases. A test-retest measure of repeatability was conducted on a subset of 19 dogs that were confirmed to have less than a 10% change in vertical peak force. Nineteen of the 39 questions were found to be repeatable based on a Spearman rank correlation. These 19 questions were then used as predictor variables in several multiple regression models which predicted force plate measurements. The result was 3 different models each containing 7 independent variables that were thought to be valid representations of the forces measured (vertical peak, vertical impulse, and propulsion peak forces). Each reduced model was found to fit the data as well as the full model containing all 19 of the repeatable questions. The composite of 11 questions from the 3 different models was used to calculate a total score. This total score was found to be significantly correlated with force plate measurements. These 11 questions should be useful to a clinician in detecting the degree of lameness in the dog. Advisors/Committee Members: Slater, Margaret (advisor), Scott, H. Morgan (committee member), Kerwin, Sharon (committee member), Taylor, Lathrop (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: repeatability; validity; lameness; questionnaire; canine

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hudson, J. T. (2004). Assessing the repeatability and validity of a questionnaire on pain and lameness in the canine. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/28

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hudson, Jonathan Thomas. “Assessing the repeatability and validity of a questionnaire on pain and lameness in the canine.” 2004. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/28.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hudson, Jonathan Thomas. “Assessing the repeatability and validity of a questionnaire on pain and lameness in the canine.” 2004. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hudson JT. Assessing the repeatability and validity of a questionnaire on pain and lameness in the canine. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2004. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/28.

Council of Science Editors:

Hudson JT. Assessing the repeatability and validity of a questionnaire on pain and lameness in the canine. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2004. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/28

Texas A&M University

11. Hu, Rong. Market reactions to animal disease: the case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy discoveries in North America.

Degree: PhD, Agricultural Economics, 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2859

► The increasing awareness of, and concern over, possible terrorist attacks using biological threats has increased attention and efforts for safeguarding U.S. agriculture. Whether intentional or… (more)

▼ The increasing awareness of, and concern over, possible terrorist attacks using biological threats has increased attention and efforts for safeguarding U.S. agriculture. Whether intentional or unintentional, a biological event likely would cause substantial consequences well beyond the U.S. agricultural sector with considerable economic, social, and political costs. One significant impact would involve trade disruptions. This dissertation investigates biosecurity risk impacts with a focus on animal disease outbreaks using data from recent U.S. and Canada bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) cases. An empirical study was carried out on the impact of the North American BSE cases. Using a time series approach, this study detected a significant structural break during the second half of 2003 when two BSE cases were confirmed in North America. Results showed that U.S. beef prices responded to the disruptions in cattle and beef trade caused by the BSE cases. The ban on beef and cattle imports from Canada and the ban on U.S. beef exports were major contributors to the fluctuation in beef prices. This showed that trade disruptions following the BSE discoveries in North America resulted in a supply shift and affected the movement of beef prices afterwards. The study did not find strong evidence that the 2003 North American BSE cases and associated trade disruptions greatly affected per capita beef consumption. In turn, a simulation study was conducted to examine the impact of major BSE outbreaks, associated trade disruptions, and demand shifts on U.S. welfare and the livestock industry. Six alternative scenarios were simulated and compared with the base scenario where there was no trade disruption and demand shift. The six scenarios consisted of various combinations of cattle and beef trade restrictions, livestock production adjustment, and beef demand shift. When beef and cattle trade, and market demand are greatly reduced in the wake of the BSE events in both Canada and the U.S., the impact on the U.S. welfare, meat trade, and regional livestock production would be the greatest. Beef price and production could reduce by 26% and 16% respectively. Regional impact on beef and livestock production would also be substantial in this case. Advisors/Committee Members: Jin, Yanhong H. (advisor), McCarl, Bruce A. (advisor), Bessler, David (committee member), Scott, H. Morgan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: trade disruption; BSE; impact; beef market

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hu, R. (2009). Market reactions to animal disease: the case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy discoveries in North America. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2859

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hu, Rong. “Market reactions to animal disease: the case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy discoveries in North America.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2859.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hu, Rong. “Market reactions to animal disease: the case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy discoveries in North America.” 2009. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hu R. Market reactions to animal disease: the case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy discoveries in North America. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2859.

Council of Science Editors:

Hu R. Market reactions to animal disease: the case of bovine spongiform encephalopathy discoveries in North America. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2859

12. Norman, Keri Noelle. Comparison of the Prevalence and Genotypic Characteristics of Clostridium difficile in a Closed and Integrated Human and Swine Population in Texas.

Degree: PhD, Biomedical Sciences, 2011, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8536

► Clostridium difficile has been recognized as one of the leading causes of nosocomial diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis in human hospitals and nursing homes since the… (more)

▼ Clostridium difficile has been recognized as one of the leading causes of nosocomial diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis in human hospitals and nursing homes since the 1970s; however, recent occurrences of community-acquired cases have led researchers to search for additional sources of these infections. Some of the possible sources being investigated include food animals and retail meat. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence and genotypic characteristics of C. difficile isolated from a closed population in Texas consisting of both humans and swine. Implicit in this objective, we seek to investigate the possible food safety and occupational risks associated with swine and C. difficile. Isolation of C. difficile was performed utilizing an enrichment technique and restrictive media. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to test for the presence of the toxin A and B genes, the tcdC gene deletion, and the binary toxin gene. Genotypic characteristics were compared using PCR toxinotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using commercially available tests (ETest®) for 11 different antibiotics. Statistical comparisons (both parametric and non-parametric, and appropriate to the data) were performed both between and among host species. We tested 2,292 aggregated human wastewater samples and 2,936 swine fecal samples from 2004 to 2006 and found 271 (11.8 percent) and 252 (8.6 percent) to be positive for C. difficile, respectively. The prevalence of C. difficile among swine production groups differed significantly (p<0.05); however, prevalence in the human occupational group cohorts (swine workers and non-workers) did not differ (p=0.81). The majority of the human and swine isolates were a PFGE NAP7 (a variant pattern with 90.5 percent similarity) toxinotype V strain. Antimicrobial resistance levels and multi-resistance patterns were generally similar between host species; however, there was decreased susceptibility (p<0.05) to ampicillin, clindamycin, and imipenem observed in swine isolates, whereas there was decreased susceptibility (p<0.05) to ciprofloxacin in the human isolates. The similarity in C. difficile prevalence between swine workers and non-workers suggests a low occupational hazard of working with swine as it relates to C. difficile source. We also found that there is a decreased prevalence of C. difficile in late production groups in swine suggesting a lowered risk of food-borne exposure. However, the majority of the isolates derived from the human wastewater and swine appeared to be of very similar strain types, suggesting that a common environmental point source predominates for both hosts. Advisors/Committee Members: Norby, Bo (advisor), Scott, H. Morgan (advisor), Harvey, Roger (committee member), Hume, Michael (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Clostridium difficile; epidemiology; food safety; swine; wastewater; molecular biology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Norman, K. N. (2011). Comparison of the Prevalence and Genotypic Characteristics of Clostridium difficile in a Closed and Integrated Human and Swine Population in Texas. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8536

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Norman, Keri Noelle. “Comparison of the Prevalence and Genotypic Characteristics of Clostridium difficile in a Closed and Integrated Human and Swine Population in Texas.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8536.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Norman, Keri Noelle. “Comparison of the Prevalence and Genotypic Characteristics of Clostridium difficile in a Closed and Integrated Human and Swine Population in Texas.” 2011. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Norman KN. Comparison of the Prevalence and Genotypic Characteristics of Clostridium difficile in a Closed and Integrated Human and Swine Population in Texas. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8536.

Council of Science Editors:

Norman KN. Comparison of the Prevalence and Genotypic Characteristics of Clostridium difficile in a Closed and Integrated Human and Swine Population in Texas. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8536

Texas A&M University

13. Strickland, Summer J. Effects of seasonal heat stress on the diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Texas dairy cattle.

Degree: MS, Epidemiology, 2005, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2728

► The validity of Johne??s disease herd status programs and on-farm disease control programs that rely on established ??cutpoints?? (e.g., S/P ratios) for ELISA serological tests… (more)

▼ The validity of Johne??s disease herd status programs and on-farm disease control programs that rely on established ??cutpoints?? (e.g., S/P ratios) for ELISA serological tests such as the HerdChek?? (IDEXX Laboratories Inc., Westbrook, Maine) may be susceptible to varied seasonal test accuracy. An observed depression in the proportion of a large central Texas dairy herd classified as ??positive?? during the months of July and August led to our investigation. We hypothesized that there exists a seasonal variability in serological response to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis that is directly related to heat stress. We further hypothesized that a reciprocal response may occur during periods of heat stress that results in a greater risk of fecal shedding in subclinically-infected animals. Starting in October 2002, we invoked a testing regime that included multiple testing of 720 individual adult cows over each of four seasons including spring, summer, fall, and winter. We collected serum on a cyclic, monthly basis from three random groupings of cows, and, based on the ELISA results, collected fecal samples from the 20% of cows with the highest S/P ratios. We continued to sample in this manner for the period of one year and at the end of that period, analyzed the serum en masse. The ELISA outcome values were treated both as categorical and continuous variables (e.g., S/P ratio). The potential lagged effects of heat stress on S/P ratio, as well as the potential for a change in test result (negative to positive or vice versa) due to heat stress were assessed. The results for fecal culture were analyzed on a categorical scale and were compared to the ELISA results to explore the possibility of a reciprocal response. In the present study, we did not observe any of the significant seasonal effects of heat stress on S/P ratios and proportion seropositive to MAP that were observed in the historical (and less valid) cross-sectional time-series data conducted in 2001. In addition, we found no evidence to support a hypothesis linking seasonal heat stress to the risk of fecal culture positivity for the causative bacterium for Johne??s disease. Advisors/Committee Members: Scott, H. Morgan (advisor), Roussel, Allen (committee member), Jordan, Ellen (committee member), Libal, Melissa (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: paratuberculosis; Johne's disease; heat stress; dairy cattle

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Strickland, S. J. (2005). Effects of seasonal heat stress on the diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Texas dairy cattle. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2728

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Strickland, Summer J. “Effects of seasonal heat stress on the diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Texas dairy cattle.” 2005. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2728.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Strickland, Summer J. “Effects of seasonal heat stress on the diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Texas dairy cattle.” 2005. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Strickland SJ. Effects of seasonal heat stress on the diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Texas dairy cattle. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2005. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2728.

Council of Science Editors:

Strickland SJ. Effects of seasonal heat stress on the diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Texas dairy cattle. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2728

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