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Texas A&M University
1.
Nair, Sanjay P.
Performance Analysis of a New Ultrasound Axial Strain Time Constant Estimation.
Degree: MS, Electrical Engineering, 2011, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-8000 
► New elastographic techniques such as poroelastography and viscoelasticity imaging aim at imaging the temporal mechanical behavior of tissues. These techniques usually involve the use of…
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▼ New elastographic techniques such as poroelastography and viscoelasticity
imaging aim at imaging the temporal mechanical behavior of tissues. These techniques
usually involve the use of curve fitting methods as applied to noisy data to estimate new
elastographic parameters. As of today, however, image quality performance of these new
elastographic imaging techniques is still largely unknown due to a paucity of data and
the lack of systematic studies that analyze performance limitations of estimators suitable
for these novel applications. Furthermore, current elastographic implementations of
poroelasticity and viscoelasticity imaging methods are in general too slow and not
optimized for clinical applications.
In this paper, we propose a new elastographic time constant (TC) estimator,
which is based on the use of the Least Square Error (LSE) curve-fitting method and the
Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) optimization rule as applied to noisy elastographic data
obtained from a tissue under creep compression. The estimator's performance is
analyzed using simulations and quantified in terms of accuracy, precision, sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and speed. Experiments are performed as a proof of principle
of the technical applicability of the new estimator on real experimental data.
The results of this study demonstrate that the new elastographic estimator
described in this thesis can produce highly accurate, sensitive and precise time constant
estimates in real-time and at high SNR. In the future, the use of this estimator could allow
real-time imaging of the temporal behavior of complex tissues and provide advances in
lymphedema and cancer imaging.
Advisors/Committee Members: Righetti, Raffaella (advisor), Wright, Steven (committee member), Zourntos, Takis (committee member), Riechman, Steven (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: ultrasound; elastography; elasticity imaging; poroelasticity imaging; curve-fitting
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APA (6th Edition):
Nair, S. P. (2011). Performance Analysis of a New Ultrasound Axial Strain Time Constant Estimation. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-8000
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nair, Sanjay P. “Performance Analysis of a New Ultrasound Axial Strain Time Constant Estimation.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-8000.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nair, Sanjay P. “Performance Analysis of a New Ultrasound Axial Strain Time Constant Estimation.” 2011. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Nair SP. Performance Analysis of a New Ultrasound Axial Strain Time Constant Estimation. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-8000.
Council of Science Editors:
Nair SP. Performance Analysis of a New Ultrasound Axial Strain Time Constant Estimation. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-05-8000
Texas A&M University
2.
Jo, Ji Seong.
Acute Exercise Can Protect a Newly Acquired Procedural Skill.
Degree: MS, Kinesiology, 2017, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161598
► The present study was designed to evaluate if an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise could provide some protection to a newly formed memory for…
(more)
▼ The present study was designed to evaluate if an acute bout of moderate intensity exercise could provide some protection to a newly formed memory for procedural skill. Congruent with previous work, test performance for a target motor sequence practiced 6-hr earlier exhibited minimal forgetting. Inclusion of additional practice with an alternative motor sequence 45-min after the original practice significantly increased forgetting of the target motor sequence. Inserting a bout of exercise between practice with the two motor sequences, reduced the extent of forgetting of the target motor sequence. Using a 6-hr retention interval, which occurred across a wake period, verified that this protection of new procedural skill knowledge was exercise-not sleep-dependent. These data are consistent with the claim that exercise can expedite the employment of consolidation leading to more rapid stabilization of a labile motor memory that provides greater resiliency to interference from new learning. The benefit in procedural skill test performance following exercise was localized to execution rather than the concatenation process, the latter of which has been implicated in sleep-dependent memory improvements. Finally, the exercise-mediated memory benefit was not associated with increase peripheral lactate concentration resulting from the exercise bout. This may in part be due to the use of moderate rather than more vigorous intensity exercise being used in the present work.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wright, David L. (advisor), Shea, Charles H. (committee member), Riechman, Steven E. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Procedural memory; Memory stabilization; Memory consolidation; Acute exercise; Aerobic exercise; Motor control; Motor Neuroscience; Motor sequence learning; Discrete sequence production task
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APA (6th Edition):
Jo, J. S. (2017). Acute Exercise Can Protect a Newly Acquired Procedural Skill. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161598
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jo, Ji Seong. “Acute Exercise Can Protect a Newly Acquired Procedural Skill.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161598.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jo, Ji Seong. “Acute Exercise Can Protect a Newly Acquired Procedural Skill.” 2017. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Jo JS. Acute Exercise Can Protect a Newly Acquired Procedural Skill. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161598.
Council of Science Editors:
Jo JS. Acute Exercise Can Protect a Newly Acquired Procedural Skill. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161598
Texas A&M University
3.
Baetge, Claire.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2014, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153596
► This study compared the efficacy of the Curves® Complete 90-day Challenge (CC), Weight Watchers® Points Plus (WW), Jenny Craig® At Home (JC), and Nutrisystem® Advance…
(more)
▼ This study compared the efficacy of the Curves® Complete 90-day Challenge (CC), Weight Watchers® Points Plus (WW), Jenny Craig® At Home (JC), and Nutrisystem® Advance Select™ (NS) on weight loss, body composition and/or markers of health and fitness in sedentary overweight women. One hundred thirty-three women (47±11 yr, 86±14 kg, 46±5%, 35.4±6 kg/m2) were randomized into CC (n=29), WW (n=29), JC (n=27), NS (n=28), or control (n=20) for 12-wks. Self-recorded food logs (4-d), International Physical Activity Questionnaires, weight, resting energy expenditure (REE), dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, anthropometrics, and fasting blood samples were obtained at 0, 4, 8, & 12 wks. Peak aerobic capacity and muscular strength were measured at 0 and 12 wks. Data were analyzed by ANOVA or MANOVA with repeated measures.
Average energy intake was 1,403±427 kcal/day with no differences among groups. CC was the only group with an increase in protein (0.15±0.30, p=0.039) combined with a reduction in carbohydrate (-0.63±0.95 g/kg/day, p=0.005) intake. CC was the only group with a significant increase in total physical activity (3,801±8,668 MET-min/wk, p=0.012) through week 8. All diet groups experienced a decrease in weight (-4.0±4.2 kg, p<0.001), body mass index (-4.0±2.1 kg/m2, p<0.001), waist circumference (-2.7±5.9, p<0.001), and hip circumference (-3.4±4.4 cm, p<0.001), and all maintained REE (0.09±2.0 kcal/kg/day, p=0.008). CC had the greatest decrease in fat mass (-3.8±4.0 kg, p<0.001) and body fat % (-2.7±3.4%, p<0.001) and was the only group that maintained fat-free mass (-0.19±2.00 kg, p=0.631). All groups, except WW, had a decrease in resting heart (-3.0±9.8 bpm, p<0.001). CC was the only group with a decrease in systolic (-7.6±14.2, p=0.002) and diastolic blood pressure (-3.6±7.3 mmHg, p=0.045). CC had the greatest increase in peak aerobic capacity (2.5±2.9 ml/kg/min, p<0.001) and was the only diet group that increased in lower (15.0±21.9 p=0.001) and upper body (8.7±12.5% p=0.001) strength. CC trended toward a decrease in total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio (-4.9±11.3%, p=0.053). Though all diet groups lost weight and had improvements in anthropometrics, CC experienced greater improvements in body composition, blood pressure, peak aerobic capacity, and muscular strength and trended toward improvements in blood lipid ratios.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard B (advisor), Crouse, Stephen (committee member), Riechman, Steven (committee member), Villalobos, Alice (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: obesity; commercial diet; exercise; nutrition; weight loss
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APA (6th Edition):
Baetge, C. (2014). Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153596
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Baetge, Claire. “Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153596.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Baetge, Claire. “Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women.” 2014. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Baetge C. Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153596.
Council of Science Editors:
Baetge C. Comparison of the Efficacy of Popular Weight Loss Programs in Sedentary Overweight Women. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153596
Texas A&M University
4.
Guo, Ting.
Beneficial Effects of Berberine on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).
Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155174
► Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently a worldwide problem associated with diabetes, obesity, heart diseases, and insulin resistance. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is divided…
(more)
▼ Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently a worldwide problem associated with diabetes, obesity, heart diseases, and insulin resistance. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is divided into simple steatosis, through nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to fibrosis and cirrhosis finally, lipid deposition and chronic inflammation are the main markers. There is still no effective medicine for the therapy of NAFLD, specifically in the NASH stage.
Berberine (BBR) is a natural product isolated from plants such as Coptis chinensis Franch, and it has been reported it had beneficial pharmacological activities in a series of metabolic diseases, focusing on adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. BBR showed anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects in diabetes and obesity patients and animal models. It improved insulin sensitivity in these reports and our experiment. We found BBR improved insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in HFD mice, without body weight or food intake difference. BBR ameliorates fat deposition in liver, through reducing lipogenesis related genes expression. Meanwhile, BBR decreased inflammation in liver and adipose tissue. BBR inhibited JNK pathway and activated AMPK phosphorylation in hepatocytes, but not in the macrophages. Thus, the function cells may be the main cell type that responds to BBR in liver, and maybe BBR down-regulates lipogenesis through inhibiting Akt.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wu, Chaodong (advisor), Ji, Junyuan (committee member), Riechman, Steven E. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; berberine; lipogenesis; inflammation; high-fat diet; AMPK; ACC; JNK 1
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APA (6th Edition):
Guo, T. (2015). Beneficial Effects of Berberine on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155174
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Guo, Ting. “Beneficial Effects of Berberine on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).” 2015. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155174.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Guo, Ting. “Beneficial Effects of Berberine on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).” 2015. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Guo T. Beneficial Effects of Berberine on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155174.
Council of Science Editors:
Guo T. Beneficial Effects of Berberine on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155174
Texas A&M University
5.
Cruthirds, Clayton.
The Effect of Various Housing Combinations on Voluntary Wheel Activity in Mice.
Degree: MS, Kinesiology, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155249
► It is widely accepted that mice are active, social animals. Treadmill running, basal cage activity, and voluntary wheel running have all been used in order…
(more)
▼ It is widely accepted that mice are active, social animals. Treadmill running, basal cage activity, and voluntary wheel running have all been used in order to study these qualities. Wheel running models have been used as an index of voluntary physical activity and appear to have several correlates in humans. Distances covered and voluntary aspect of many wheel running models allows researchers to study genetic motivators of activity as well as to track responses to training. Often, wheel running models employ a single mouse and wheel per cage, which precludes social interactions and may impact activity levels and other parameters due to anxiety. The mechanisms by which this isolation modifies activity levels are of paramount importance to support accurate translation of results to human application. This study was designed to assess the effects of housing density and wheel availability on activity levels in mice. Six outbred female SENCAR mice (National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD) were housed under various conditions by altering the number of animals and exercise wheels per cage. Starting at six weeks of age, mice were given wheel access in one of two cage combinations: one mouse and one wheel (n= 4) or two mice and one wheel (n= 1). Data pertaining to distance and duration ran was recorded daily, with speed being calculated later as the third primary value of interest. Over the study span of 33 weeks the mice were randomly re-assigned to 1 mouse/1 wheel (total 506 days), 2 mice/1 wheel (64 days), and 2 mice/2 wheel (316 days) combinations (1v1, 2v1, and 2v2 respectively). While data was collected for all combinations, 1v1 and 2v2 were maintained for the longest amount of time. Overall, the SENCAR mice would be classified as high-active mice. When standardized per mouse, mice ran significantly less distance per day (p=0.0001) when two mice were housed in the cage regardless of the number of wheels (1v1 = 10.01±4.02, 2v1 = 6.19±3.35, 2v2 = 6.27±3.43 km) as well as less time per day (1v1 = 309.8±109.4, 2v1=186.1±94.5, 2v2=157.4±65.9 mins; p=0.0001). Conversely, speed of activity was significantly faster (p=0.0001) in the 2v2 housing situation (1v1=32.1±5.9, 2v1=33.38±7.0, 2v2=
38.4±9.6
m/min). In summary, housing density and wheel availability can alter activity levels in SENCAR mice.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lightfoot, J Timothy (advisor), Fuchs-Young, Robin (committee member), Riechman, Steven (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Wheel running; Mouse; Two Wheels; Housing Density; SENCAR
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APA (6th Edition):
Cruthirds, C. (2015). The Effect of Various Housing Combinations on Voluntary Wheel Activity in Mice. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155249
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cruthirds, Clayton. “The Effect of Various Housing Combinations on Voluntary Wheel Activity in Mice.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155249.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cruthirds, Clayton. “The Effect of Various Housing Combinations on Voluntary Wheel Activity in Mice.” 2015. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Cruthirds C. The Effect of Various Housing Combinations on Voluntary Wheel Activity in Mice. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155249.
Council of Science Editors:
Cruthirds C. The Effect of Various Housing Combinations on Voluntary Wheel Activity in Mice. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155249
Texas A&M University
6.
Botchlett, Rachel Erin.
Nutrient Regulation of PFKFB3/iPFK2 and Its Role in Regulating Diet-Induced Inflammation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells.
Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156209
► The gene PFKFB3 encodes for inducible 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (iPFK2), an important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is shown that PFKFB3/iPFK2 links metabolic and inflammatory pathways in…
(more)
▼ The gene PFKFB3 encodes for inducible 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase (iPFK2), an important regulatory enzyme of glycolysis. It is shown that PFKFB3/iPFK2 links metabolic and inflammatory pathways in adipose tissue; however, whether it functions in the same manner within small intestine, where nutrients are assimilated and first interact with the body, is unknown. Therefore, the present study firstly investigated how diet, macronutrients, e.g. glucose and palmitate, and bacterial metabolites influence PFKFB3/iPFK2 expression, and secondly determined how altered gene expression relates to inflammatory responses in small intestinal epithelial cells (IECs).
HFD feeding and in vitro palmitate treatment were associated with reduced PFKFB3/iPFK2 but increased proinflammatory responses. LFD feeding and glucose treatment showed the opposite result. In vitro overexpression of PFKFB3/iPFK2 lead to reduced proinflammatory responses while inhibition of PFKFB3/iPFK2 was associated with increased inflammatory markers. Treatment with the bacterial metabolite indole stimulated PFKFB3/iPFK2 and reduced the generation of inflammation.
Together these findings indicate that macronutrients differentially regulate PFKFB3/iPFK2 expression in IECs, where carbohydrates stimulate PFKFB3/iPFK2 and saturated fats contribute to proinflammatory mechanisms. Further, results confirm an anti-inflammatory ability of PFKFB3/iPFK2 within IECs and suggest an additional anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of indole in regulating inflammation through PFKFB3/iPFK2.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wu, Chaodong (advisor), Awika, Joseph (committee member), Riechman, Steven (committee member), Walzem, Rosemary (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Overnutrition-induced inflammation; PFKFB3; intestinal epithelial cells
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APA (6th Edition):
Botchlett, R. E. (2015). Nutrient Regulation of PFKFB3/iPFK2 and Its Role in Regulating Diet-Induced Inflammation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156209
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Botchlett, Rachel Erin. “Nutrient Regulation of PFKFB3/iPFK2 and Its Role in Regulating Diet-Induced Inflammation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156209.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Botchlett, Rachel Erin. “Nutrient Regulation of PFKFB3/iPFK2 and Its Role in Regulating Diet-Induced Inflammation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells.” 2015. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Botchlett RE. Nutrient Regulation of PFKFB3/iPFK2 and Its Role in Regulating Diet-Induced Inflammation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156209.
Council of Science Editors:
Botchlett RE. Nutrient Regulation of PFKFB3/iPFK2 and Its Role in Regulating Diet-Induced Inflammation in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156209
Texas A&M University
7.
Khanna, Deepesh.
Effects of Exercise and Diet-Induced Weight Loss in Sedentary Obese Women on Inflammatory Markers, Resistin and Visfatin.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2016, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157012
► Resistin and visfatin are secreted by adipose tissue and are potential regulators of inflammation and insulin sensitivity. This study examined the effects of exercise and…
(more)
▼ Resistin and visfatin are secreted by adipose tissue and are potential regulators of inflammation and insulin sensitivity. This study examined the effects of exercise and diet-induced weight loss on resistin and visfatin. Twenty six sedentary obese women were randomly assigned into control group (C) or an exercise plus diet group (DE) that involved circuit resistance-exercise (4 d/week) with walking (10,000 steps/d, 3 d/week) while consuming 1,200 kcal/day for 1 week and 1,500 kcal/d diet for 11 weeks consisting of 45:30 % Protein:Carbohydrate. Body composition and fasting blood samples were obtained and analyzed by MANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis. Data are presented as mean±SD changes from baseline. Participants in the DE group lost more weight (DE: -5.9±4.0; C: 0.64±1.4 kg, p<0.001) and fat (DE: -5.1±4.5; C: 0.4±1.5 kg, p=0.001). Significant differences were seen between groups in leptin (DE: -17.8±21.9; C: 4.5±16.0 ng/ml, p=0.003), IL-6 (DE: -1.9±4.2; C: 2.7±1.2 ng/ml, p=0.001) and TNF-α (DE: -.2±2.1; C: 1.7±1.5 ng/ml, p=0.013) while visfatin (DE: 0.85±14.9; C: 20.2±37.1 ng/ml, p=0.10) and insulin (DE: -8.5±15.0; C: 0.12±7.7 IU/ml, p=0.07) tended to differ between groups. No significant differences were seen in changes in resistin (DE: 18.6±100; C: 59.9±162.2 ng/ml, p=0.452) or glucose (DE: -3.8±19.8; C: -2.8±6.9 %, p=0.87). Significant correlations were seen between changes in IL-6 and resistin (r=0.430, p=0.028) and changes in resistin and visfatin (r=0.417, p=0.034). These findings indicate that exercise and diet-induced weight loss have an effect on resistin and visfatin.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard (advisor), Riechman, Steven (committee member), Fluckey, Jim (committee member), Murano, Peter (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: resistin; visfatin
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APA (6th Edition):
Khanna, D. (2016). Effects of Exercise and Diet-Induced Weight Loss in Sedentary Obese Women on Inflammatory Markers, Resistin and Visfatin. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157012
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Khanna, Deepesh. “Effects of Exercise and Diet-Induced Weight Loss in Sedentary Obese Women on Inflammatory Markers, Resistin and Visfatin.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157012.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Khanna, Deepesh. “Effects of Exercise and Diet-Induced Weight Loss in Sedentary Obese Women on Inflammatory Markers, Resistin and Visfatin.” 2016. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Khanna D. Effects of Exercise and Diet-Induced Weight Loss in Sedentary Obese Women on Inflammatory Markers, Resistin and Visfatin. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157012.
Council of Science Editors:
Khanna D. Effects of Exercise and Diet-Induced Weight Loss in Sedentary Obese Women on Inflammatory Markers, Resistin and Visfatin. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157012
Texas A&M University
8.
Jung, Yanghoon P.
Comprehensive Assessment of a Pre-Workout Dietary Supplement with and without Synephrine.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2016, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157001
► The aim of this study was to examine the effect of acute (Study 1) and chronic (Study 2) ingestion of a pre-workout supplement with (PWS+S)…
(more)
▼ The aim of this study was to examine the effect of acute (Study 1) and chronic (Study 2) ingestion of a pre-workout supplement with (PWS+S) and without p-synephrine (PWS) on safety, metabolism, body composition and performance. In Study 1, 25 healthy, recreationally active participants ingested a dextrose flavored placebo (PLA); PWS containing 2 g arginine alphaketoglutarate, 3 g β-alanine, 270 mg caffeine, 2 g creatine nitrate, 15 mg L-Dopa, 300 mg N-acetyl L-tyrosine; or, the PWS with 20 mg p-synephrine, interspersed with a 7-d washout, in a randomized, crossover, counter-balanced manner. Participants were tested at time 0 (unsupplemented), and then 30-min and 90-min post ingestion. Data were analyzed by repeated measure MANOVA and reported as mean ± SD or mean change and 95% CI. Both treatment groups reported a greater sense of vigor and energy prior to exercise; PWS+S and PWS scored significantly higher on a Stroop Test. We observed significant differences in RER [PLA (0.89 ± 0.09) vs. PWS (0.92 ± 0.06, p < 0.02) and PWS+S (0.85 ± 0.04, p = 0.006) and PWS vs. PWS+S (p < 0.001)]. In Study 2, 80 resistance trained male were randomized and ingested supplements; PLA, PWS, or PWS+S for 8-wk with resistance training. Testing occurred at baseline, wk 4, and wk 8. Data were analyzed by repeated measure MANOVA and reported as mean ± SD or mean change and 95% CI. We found significant increases in 1RM-Bench Press at wk 4 for PWS and PWS+S, but not for PLA (5.45 kg, 95% CI, -0.82, 11.73). By wk 8 each group demonstrated significant 1RM-BP for PWS, PWS+S and PLA. A similar pattern was noted for 1RM-Leg Press at wk 4 for PWS and PWS+S, but not the PLA (36.50, 95% CI, -0.21, 73.2). By wk 8, all groups increased 1RM-LP. Our data suggest that a PWS appears safe for acute ingestion and is efficacious regarding indices of cognitive function and exercise performance. We also found that ingesting a PWS during training appears safe, and the inclusion of p-synephrine is unnecessary to achieve the observed favorable effects to training adaptation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard B. (advisor), Riechman, Steven E. (committee member), Woodman, Christopher R. (committee member), Smith, Stephen B. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: multi-ingredient supplement; Caffeine; Synephrine; Creatine; Beta Alanine; exercise performance; cognitive function; ergogenic aids; pre-workout; safety; body composition; training adaptation; chronic ingestion
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APA (6th Edition):
Jung, Y. P. (2016). Comprehensive Assessment of a Pre-Workout Dietary Supplement with and without Synephrine. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157001
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jung, Yanghoon P. “Comprehensive Assessment of a Pre-Workout Dietary Supplement with and without Synephrine.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157001.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jung, Yanghoon P. “Comprehensive Assessment of a Pre-Workout Dietary Supplement with and without Synephrine.” 2016. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Jung YP. Comprehensive Assessment of a Pre-Workout Dietary Supplement with and without Synephrine. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157001.
Council of Science Editors:
Jung YP. Comprehensive Assessment of a Pre-Workout Dietary Supplement with and without Synephrine. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157001
Texas A&M University
9.
Lee, Teak Veng.
Dietary Cholesterol and Resistance Training as Countermeasures to Accelerated Muscle Loss.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156299
► Cholesterol plays an important role in physiology, serving as a membrane constituent and steroid hormone precursor. Recently, cholesterol has also been associated with skeletal muscle…
(more)
▼ Cholesterol plays an important role in physiology, serving as a membrane constituent and steroid hormone precursor. Recently, cholesterol has also been associated with skeletal muscle homeostasis, leading to the purpose of this research, which was to examine the role of cholesterol metabolism during perturbations of skeletal muscle homeostasis. We evaluated skeletal muscle responses and proteins involved in cholesterol metabolism [sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) and low-density lipoprotein-receptor (LDL-R)] under conditions of unloading, exercise and dietary cholesterol (D-CL) administration. We hypothesized that skeletal muscle mass, fractional synthesis rates (FSR), SREBP-2, and LDL-R would be lower in unloaded muscle while exercise and D-CL would have a positive effect.
The first study examined the effect of hindlimb unloading (HU) on muscle mass, SREBP-2, and LDL-R. HU animals showed lower muscle mass and a trend towards lower gastrocnemius SREBP-2 than cage controls (CC).
The second study examined the effect of D-CL and resistance training (RT) on lean mass, FSR, SREBP-2, and LDL-R in ambulatory rats. Unexpectedly, rats performing exercise without added resistance [(RT-Control (RTC)] had greater lean mass responses than the RT groups. However, RT groups had higher plantaris to body mass ratio and FSR than RTC (plantaris FSR only) and CC (both variables) animals. RT plus high D-CL administration resulted in greater plantaris FSR than the RT group consuming normal D-CL. Quadriceps SREBP-2 trended towards an increase in response to RT.
The third study investigated the effect of D-CL and RT on muscle mass, FSR, SREBP-2, and LDL-R in the context of HU. HU and HU rats performing RT had lower muscle mass than CC. HU rats showed higher liver mature LDL-R than CC but showed a trend towards lower gastrocnemius SREBP-2 than CC. There was no difference in FSR among activity or D-CL groups.
These studies show evidence of shifts in content of proteins related to cholesterol metabolism and muscle FSR when muscle activity is manipulated from RT to complete unloading. However, effects such as elevated FSR with RT and high D-CL were not consistent throughout the studies, leaving doubt of the effect of activity on cholesterol metabolism.
Advisors/Committee Members: Riechman, Steven E (advisor), Fluckey, James D (committee member), Smith, Stephen B (committee member), Woodman, Christopher R (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Dietary Cholesterol; Resistance Training; Unloading
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APA (6th Edition):
Lee, T. V. (2015). Dietary Cholesterol and Resistance Training as Countermeasures to Accelerated Muscle Loss. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156299
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lee, Teak Veng. “Dietary Cholesterol and Resistance Training as Countermeasures to Accelerated Muscle Loss.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156299.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lee, Teak Veng. “Dietary Cholesterol and Resistance Training as Countermeasures to Accelerated Muscle Loss.” 2015. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lee TV. Dietary Cholesterol and Resistance Training as Countermeasures to Accelerated Muscle Loss. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156299.
Council of Science Editors:
Lee TV. Dietary Cholesterol and Resistance Training as Countermeasures to Accelerated Muscle Loss. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156299
Texas A&M University
10.
Levers, Kyle S.
Effects of Short-Term Montmorency Powdered Tart Cherry Supplementation on Muscle Damage, Soreness Perception, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Performance Surrounding Acute Bouts of Intense Endurance and Strength Exercise.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156535
► The purpose of this research was to examine whether short-term ingestion of a powdered tart cherry supplement surrounding intense resistance and endurance exercise attenuates muscle…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this research was to examine whether short-term ingestion of a powdered tart cherry supplement surrounding intense resistance and endurance exercise attenuates muscle soreness, while reducing markers of muscle damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
23 healthy, resistance-trained men (20.9±2.6 yr, 14.2±5.4% body fat, 63.9±8.6 kg FFM) were recruited for the resistance study, while 27 endurance trained runners or triathlete (21.8±3.9 yr, 15.0±6.0% body fat, 67.4±11.8 kg) men and women were examined in the endurance study. Subjects were matched based on relative maximal back squat strength or average projected race pace, age, body weight, and fat free mass. Subjects were randomly assigned to ingest, in a double blind manner, capsules containing a placebo (P) or powdered tart cherries [CherryPURE®] (TC). Participants supplemented one time daily (480 mg/d) for 10-d including the day of exercise up to 48-hr post-exercise. Resistance study subjects performed 10 sets of 10 repetitions at 70% 1-RM back squat exercise, while endurance subjects completed a half-marathon run (21.1 km) under 2-hr (111.98±11.9 min). Fasting blood samples and quadriceps muscle soreness ratings were taken pre-exercise, 60-min, 24-h, and 48-h post-exercise and analyzed by MANOVA with repeated measures.
Muscle soreness perception in the vastus medialis (1/4) (p=0.10) and the vastus lateralis (1/4) (p=0.024) tended to be lower in TC over time compared to P following resistance exercise. TC induced changes in serum creatinine (p=0.03, p=0.047) and total protein (p=0.018, p=0.081) that were lower over time and smaller from pre-lift levels compared to P in trained individuals. Despite lower TAS activity pre-run in TC compared to P (endurance), changes from pre-run levels revealed a linear increase in TAS activity during recovery in TC that was statistically different from P and pre-run levels. IL-6 levels (endurance) were lower in TC compared to P over time (p=0.053). Subjects in the TC group tended to have smaller deviations from predicted race pace (p=0.091) compared to P (endurance). Short-term supplementation of Montmorency powdered tart cherries surrounding a single bout of intense exercise, appears to be an effective dietary supplement to attenuate muscle soreness and markers of muscle catabolism, while reducing inflammatory stress, better maintaining redox balance, and increasing performance in trained individuals.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard (advisor), Crouse, Stephen (committee member), Greenwood, Mike (committee member), Riechman, Steven (committee member), Talcott, Susanne (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Tart cherry; Resistance exercise; Endurance exercise; Recovery; Antioxidants; Anti-inflammatory; Muscle damage
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APA (6th Edition):
Levers, K. S. (2015). Effects of Short-Term Montmorency Powdered Tart Cherry Supplementation on Muscle Damage, Soreness Perception, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Performance Surrounding Acute Bouts of Intense Endurance and Strength Exercise. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156535
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Levers, Kyle S. “Effects of Short-Term Montmorency Powdered Tart Cherry Supplementation on Muscle Damage, Soreness Perception, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Performance Surrounding Acute Bouts of Intense Endurance and Strength Exercise.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156535.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Levers, Kyle S. “Effects of Short-Term Montmorency Powdered Tart Cherry Supplementation on Muscle Damage, Soreness Perception, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Performance Surrounding Acute Bouts of Intense Endurance and Strength Exercise.” 2015. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Levers KS. Effects of Short-Term Montmorency Powdered Tart Cherry Supplementation on Muscle Damage, Soreness Perception, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Performance Surrounding Acute Bouts of Intense Endurance and Strength Exercise. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156535.
Council of Science Editors:
Levers KS. Effects of Short-Term Montmorency Powdered Tart Cherry Supplementation on Muscle Damage, Soreness Perception, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Performance Surrounding Acute Bouts of Intense Endurance and Strength Exercise. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156535
Texas A&M University
11.
Flores-McLaughlin, John.
A Mechanistic Model of Environmental Oxygen Influence on the Deterministic Effects to Human Skin from Space Radiations.
Degree: PhD, Nuclear Engineering, 2016, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156790
► During human spaceflight missions, controlled variation of atmospheric pressure and oxygen concentration from a sea-level based normal to hyperoxic levels may occur as part of…
(more)
▼ During human spaceflight missions, controlled variation of atmospheric pressure and oxygen concentration from a sea-level based normal to hyperoxic levels may occur as part of operational procedure. This activity is of interest because it provides the relevant radiation exposure and dynamic oxygen concentration parameters that may lead to varying radiation sensitivity in the skin and other organs.
Tumor hypoxia has been indicated as a primary factor in the decrease in efficacy of radiation therapy. These oxygen concentration effects have been largely demonstrated with low-LET radiations and to a lesser degree with high-LET primary radiations such as protons and heavy ions common in space exposure.
In order to analyze the variation of oxygen concentration in human skin from spaceflight activities, a mathematical model of oxygen transport through the human cardiorespiratory system with pulmonary and cutaneous intake was implemented. Oxygen concentration was simulated at the various skin layers, from dermis to epidermis. Skin surface radiation doses and spectra from relatively high flux Solar Particle Events (SPEs) were calculated by the PHITS radiation transport code over a range of spacecraft and spacesuit thicknesses in terms of aluminum equivalence. A series of anatomical skin and shielding thicknesses were chosen to encompass the scope of radiation exposure levels as indicated by existing NASA skin phantom studies.
To model the influence of oxygen with radiation exposure, microdosimetric oxygen fixation simulations were implemented using the Monte-Carlo-Damage-Simulation (MCDS) code. From these outputs, occurrence of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and relative biological effect (RBE) from radiation exposure with oxygen concentration dependence was established and correlated to spaceflight activities.
It was determined that minimal but observable oxygen concentration transients occur in skin during environmental oxygen changes in spaceflight. The most significant transients occurred in the thickest epidermal layers with relatively high amounts of diffusion. Accordingly, these thickest epidermal layers also showed the greatest spaceflight induced transients of RBE relative to sea-level based atmosphere exposures.
Advisors/Committee Members: Braby, Leslie A, (advisor), Ford, John R (advisor), Riechman, Steven (committee member), Poston, John W. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: radiation; oxygen enhancement ratio; spaceflight; EVA; hypoxia; SPE; solar particle event; International Space Station
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APA (6th Edition):
Flores-McLaughlin, J. (2016). A Mechanistic Model of Environmental Oxygen Influence on the Deterministic Effects to Human Skin from Space Radiations. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156790
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Flores-McLaughlin, John. “A Mechanistic Model of Environmental Oxygen Influence on the Deterministic Effects to Human Skin from Space Radiations.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156790.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Flores-McLaughlin, John. “A Mechanistic Model of Environmental Oxygen Influence on the Deterministic Effects to Human Skin from Space Radiations.” 2016. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Flores-McLaughlin J. A Mechanistic Model of Environmental Oxygen Influence on the Deterministic Effects to Human Skin from Space Radiations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156790.
Council of Science Editors:
Flores-McLaughlin J. A Mechanistic Model of Environmental Oxygen Influence on the Deterministic Effects to Human Skin from Space Radiations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156790
Texas A&M University
12.
Dobson, Justin P.
Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Lipids, Lipoproteins and Inflammatory Markers Following Heavy Physical Training in Division I Football Athletes.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161241
► Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6 n-3) has been linked to many health benefits in sedentary populations, positively altering lipid profiles and reducing inflammation. The prospective…
(more)
▼ Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6 n-3) has been linked to many health benefits in sedentary populations, positively altering lipid profiles and reducing inflammation. The prospective impacts of DHA supplementation in an athletic population during intensive physical training are less clear. The first investigation describes inflammatory responses and the second describes lipid and lipoprotein responses during intensive physical training with DHA supplementation in football athletes.
Sixty NCAA Division I football players (20 ± 1.5 years, 187.4 ± 6.1 cm, 105.7 ± 18.9 kg) were randomly assigned to 2 g•day^-1 DHA (n=28) or corn-oil placebo (n=32). Blood samples were collected at voluntary summer training (Summer), 30 days after Summer (Pre-camp), and 24 days after Pre-camp (Post-camp). Selected cytokines (multiplex assay), WBC, percent leukocytes, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL, HDL, IDL, and VLDL cholesterol (-C) and lipoprotein particles were analyzed. One sample t-tests (α=0.05) were used to assess differences in percent change of cytokine concentration, leukocyte concentration, lipoprotein concentration, particle numbers, and density at each time point; independent t-tests (α=0.05) were used for differences between groups at Summer.
Eotaxin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) elevations were significantly attenuated in the DHA group during preseason camp compared to Placebo (P < 0.05). Regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) was significantly elevated in both groups (P < 0.05); however, the percent change increase in the Placebo group was 2-fold that of the DHA group. White blood cell counts decreased at Post-camp (P < 0.05) in both groups. Pre-camp percent change TG was significantly (P < 0.05) increased only in the Placebo group. Post-camp percent change TG and HDL particle number in the DHA group was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced. LDL4 number significantly increased in the DHA group (Post-camp, P < 0.05), and the Placebo group decreased in LDL-C (Pre-camp, P < 0.05). Both groups had increased HDL2b-C and HDL2a-C at Pre-camp (P<0.05). Pre-camp LDL3-C and Post-camp LDL4-C increased in the DHA group (P<0.05). RLP-C increased in the Placebo group (Pre-camp, P<0.05). Pre-camp HDL density and Post-camp LDL density decreased in the Placebo group. The DHA group decreased HDL density during preseason, but LDL density remained constant. Summer IDL-C was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the DHA group. Percent change VLDL number was significantly (P < 0.05) increased during preseason camp. There was no difference in lipoprotein-a and C-reactive protein between groups. TC, HDL-C, and RLP number did not change over time nor differ between groups. Pre-camp homocysteine increased, while Post-camp insulin significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in the DHA group.
These investigations further our knowledge of a particular omega-3 fatty acid (DHA) as a potential lipid mediator to mitigate cardiovascular risk, as well as an inflammatory modulator for possible…
Advisors/Committee Members: Crouse, Stephen F (advisor), Fluckey, James D (committee member), Riechman, Steven E (committee member), Smith, Stephen B (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Docosahexaenoic Acid; Inflammation, Lipids; Lipoproteins; Football
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APA (6th Edition):
Dobson, J. P. (2015). Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Lipids, Lipoproteins and Inflammatory Markers Following Heavy Physical Training in Division I Football Athletes. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161241
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dobson, Justin P. “Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Lipids, Lipoproteins and Inflammatory Markers Following Heavy Physical Training in Division I Football Athletes.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161241.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dobson, Justin P. “Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Lipids, Lipoproteins and Inflammatory Markers Following Heavy Physical Training in Division I Football Athletes.” 2015. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Dobson JP. Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Lipids, Lipoproteins and Inflammatory Markers Following Heavy Physical Training in Division I Football Athletes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161241.
Council of Science Editors:
Dobson JP. Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Lipids, Lipoproteins and Inflammatory Markers Following Heavy Physical Training in Division I Football Athletes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161241
Texas A&M University
13.
Davis, Amanda Renee.
Chemotherapeutic Myokines from Contracting Skeletal Muscle and Their Effects on Breast Cancer.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2017, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187183
► Exercise has been shown to elicit beneficial effects in both the treatment and prevention of cancer, yet the biology potentiating the effects remains ambiguous. The…
(more)
▼ Exercise has been shown to elicit beneficial effects in both the treatment and prevention of cancer, yet the biology potentiating the effects remains ambiguous. The hypothesis for this dissertation was that effluent perfusion medium from contracting skeletal muscle contained factor(s) responsible for the cytotoxic effects of exercise on breast cancer cells. To date, no studies exist designed to eliminate confounding humoral factors, in vivo, while still mimicking the effects of exercise via neural activation of the muscle. We addressed this issue by stimulating the muscle via neural activation using an in situ, hemicorpus hind limb perfusion preparation. To assess the acute impact of muscle contractions on breast cancer, we first collected medium perfused through quiescent (Non-STM) muscle, subsequently followed by medium collected from contracting (STM) muscle of rats. To determine if the acute impact of contracting muscle is altered by prior muscle conditioning, we compared acute responses of muscle contraction on breast cancer from control (Non-EX) vs. treadmill exercised (EX; 5d/w; 1h/d for 5w) rats. We also assessed the impact of a common carrier of molecules in the bloodstream, by preparing the perfusion medium with or without albumin, using Dextran as the oncotic agent for these experiments.
The results of these studies confirmed our hypothesis that effluent media prepared with albumin from contracting muscle (STM) displayed an average percent reduction of MCF7 cell counts by 20% (p = 0.014) compared to Non-STM, and prior exercise conditioning did not alter this effect (STM = EX; p = 0.563). Albumin-prepared medium yielded similar cell counts as cell controls. Interestingly, the chemotherapeutic effect was not present using medium prepared with Dextran, with or without STM, suggesting albumin as a carrier molecule that is necessary for chemotherapeutic activity. To our knowledge, our results support a decrease in MCF7 cell proliferation from a factor secreted from contracting skeletal muscle, independent of humoral contributors; and are the first to demonstrate that the magnitude of the chemotherapeutic effect of contracting skeletal muscle is not altered by prior exercise training, suggesting that muscle contractions are the key contributors to this anticancer effect and not a result of a training adaptation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Fluckey, James D (advisor), Riechman, Steven E (committee member), Lawler, John M (committee member), Porter, Weston W (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: aerobic training; hind limb perfusion; humoral factors
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Davis, A. R. (2017). Chemotherapeutic Myokines from Contracting Skeletal Muscle and Their Effects on Breast Cancer. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187183
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Davis, Amanda Renee. “Chemotherapeutic Myokines from Contracting Skeletal Muscle and Their Effects on Breast Cancer.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187183.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Davis, Amanda Renee. “Chemotherapeutic Myokines from Contracting Skeletal Muscle and Their Effects on Breast Cancer.” 2017. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Davis AR. Chemotherapeutic Myokines from Contracting Skeletal Muscle and Their Effects on Breast Cancer. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187183.
Council of Science Editors:
Davis AR. Chemotherapeutic Myokines from Contracting Skeletal Muscle and Their Effects on Breast Cancer. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187183
Texas A&M University
14.
Joubert, Dustin Paul.
Acute Vascular Effects of Aquatic and Land Treadmill Exercise in Pre-Hypertensive Men.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156255
► Chronic aquatic treadmill (ATM) exercise has previously been shown to offer similar benefits in cardiovascular health as traditional land treadmill (LTM) exercise with the added…
(more)
▼ Chronic aquatic treadmill (ATM) exercise has previously been shown to offer similar benefits in cardiovascular health as traditional land treadmill (LTM) exercise with the added benefit of reduced blood pressure (BP) reactivity and increased skeletal muscle endothelial nitric oxide synthase content. The purpose of the present study was to determine the acute vascular effects of ATM and LTM exercise on resting, post-exercise, ambulatory BP, flow-mediated dilation (FMD), plasma nitrates/nitrites (NO), and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) in physically untrained, pre-hypertensive men. Following BP screening and a graded exercise test, 19 subjects completed the study (32 ± 12 years, 180 ± 7 cm, 91.9 ± 24.4 kg,
38.2 ± 8.4 ml·kg^-1·min^-1, 29.5 ± 9.9 % fat, 130/78 ± 7/8 mmHg). Subjects completed 2, 3-day acute exercise sequences, one for each exercise mode with 1-2 weeks between modes. Whether subjects began with ATM or LTM was randomized and counterbalanced. Each 3-day sequence included the following: day 1 exercise, day 2 exercise, and day 3 follow-up (3F). For each exercise day the following measurements were made: pre-exercise – BP, FMD, PWV, blood; immediately post-exercise (IPE) – blood; 1-hour post-exercise – blood, FMD, PWV. BP was measured following 10-minutes of seated rest prior to exercise and every 10 minutes from 20-60 minute post-exercise. Ambulatory BP was measured following each exercise session. Day 3F involved only BP, blood, FMD, and PWV measures. A 2-way repeated measures ANOVA was the primary model of statistical analysis. The specific analyses used for each dependent variable were as follows: 1) resting BP – 2 (Mode: ATM vs. LTM) x 3 (Day: 1, 2, 3F); 2) post-exercise blood pressure change and ambulatory blood pressure – 2 (Mode) x 2 (Day); 3) FMD and PWV – 2 (Mode) x 5 (Time point: Day 1 Pre, Day 1 Post, Day 2 Pre, Day 2 Post, Day 3F); 4) change in FMD and PWV – 2 (Mode) x 3 (Time point: 1, 24, 48 hours post-exercise); 5) plasma nitrates/nitrites – 2 (Mode) x 7 (Time point: Day 1 Pre, 1 IPE, 1 1hr, Day 2 Pre, 2 IPE, 2 1hr, Day 3F); 6) plasma volume change – 2 (Mode) x 6 (Time point: Day 1 IPE, 1 1hr, Day 2 Pre, 2 IPE, 2 1hr, Day 3F). While there was a main effect for mode for resting diastolic BP (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) across the 3 days, these differences existed prior to the first exercise session. There were no differences in the reduction in resting systolic BP, DBP, and MAP (~2.5 mmHg) between modes across the 3 days. There was a main effect for day on resting DBP (Day 1: 74.2 mmHg, Day 2: 72.2 mmHg, Day 3F: 72.0 mmHg) and MAP (Day 1: 91.5 mmHg, Day 2: 90.3 mmHg, Day 3F: 89.5 mmHg), indicating a reduction in resting BP following the exercise sessions. Neither ambulatory BP (136/78 mmHg) nor post-exercise BP (~2 mmHg reduction in SBP) differed between mode or exercise day. There was a trend for a mode specific difference (p = 0.076) for a greater FMD response for ATM. FMD increased from ATM1 pre-exercise (6.5 ± 3.9%) to ATM1 1-hour post-exercise (7.4 ± 4.7%) and ATM1…
Advisors/Committee Members: Crouse, Stephen F (advisor), Riechman, Steven E (committee member), Woodman, Christopher R (committee member), Heaps, Cristine L (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: blood pressure; FMD; aquatic; exercise; pre-hypertensive
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APA (6th Edition):
Joubert, D. P. (2015). Acute Vascular Effects of Aquatic and Land Treadmill Exercise in Pre-Hypertensive Men. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156255
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Joubert, Dustin Paul. “Acute Vascular Effects of Aquatic and Land Treadmill Exercise in Pre-Hypertensive Men.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156255.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Joubert, Dustin Paul. “Acute Vascular Effects of Aquatic and Land Treadmill Exercise in Pre-Hypertensive Men.” 2015. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Joubert DP. Acute Vascular Effects of Aquatic and Land Treadmill Exercise in Pre-Hypertensive Men. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156255.
Council of Science Editors:
Joubert DP. Acute Vascular Effects of Aquatic and Land Treadmill Exercise in Pre-Hypertensive Men. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156255
Texas A&M University
15.
Chen, Chun Wen.
Dietary Lipids, Lipid Regulation, and Resistance Exercise Responses.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2017, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/166043
► Being the largest tissue that accounts for 40-50% of overall metabolism in non-obese individuals, skeletal muscle is a modifiable target for reducing the risk of…
(more)
▼ Being the largest tissue that accounts for 40-50% of overall metabolism in non-obese individuals, skeletal muscle is a modifiable target for reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Resistance exercise induces cell signaling pathways that promote muscle protein synthesis via muscle contraction, inflammation, and hormones. Lipids facilitate these mechanisms through the provision of energy and building blocks for cell regeneration, regulation of membrane permeability for hormones, and formation of lipid rafts for signaling molecules. Exercise increases free fatty acids and mobilizes several kinases, the factors that activate the skeletal muscle lipid regulator PPARδ. The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses that dietary lipids would improve skeletal muscle adaptations to resistance exercise training and that resistance exercise would enhance lipid metabolism as demonstrated by the upregulation of PPARδ.
The first study examined the changes in skeletal muscle mass, strength, peak power, and quality in response to a 12-week whole-body progressive resistance exercise training (8 sets/12 reps, 70% 1RM) with different levels of dietary cholesterol supplementation. Secondary analyses included determination of the association between dietary fatty acids and skeletal muscle adaptation. No effects of dietary cholesterol on the training-induced muscle adaptation was observed. Exploratory analyses of dietary fatty acids suggested potential effects on adaptations. The second study explored the effects of dietary cholesterol and fatty acids on the muscle protein synthesis and soreness induced by a short-term high-intensity unilateral leg resistance exercise (5 set/reps until failure, 85% 1RM). Muscle protein synthesis rate was not significantly different between the exercised and non-exercised legs during the 22 hours after the exercise. In the high cholesterol intake group, muscle PPARδ protein content was
38.9±24.1% higher in the exercised than the non-exercised legs and soreness levels were 91.6±3.6% lower than the low cholesterol intake group. The third study investigated the effects of a 10-week whole-body progressive resistance exercise training (8 sets/12 reps, 75% 1RM) on muscle PPARδ protein content. Before the training, PPARδ protein content acutely increased by 49.1±0.29% after one bout of exercise and the increase was inversely proportional to body fat percentage. Resting muscle PPARδ protein content increased by 114.7±0.32% after the training.
The findings in these studies provided insights into the potential effects of lipids on skeletal muscle adaptation and the mechanism of lipid regulation induced by resistance exercise.
Advisors/Committee Members: Riechman, Steven E (advisor), Fluckey, James D (committee member), Crouse, Stephen F (committee member), Smith, Stephen B (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: PPAR; PPARs; PPAR-delta; PPARd; PPARδ; PPAR-δ; resistance exercise; resistance training; resistance exercise training; physiology; exercise physiology; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-delta; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor δ; peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-δ; weight training; exercise; lipid; lipids; fatty acid; fatty acids; cholesterol; LDL; HDL; dietary; skeletal muscle; muscle; nutrition; muscle; skeletal muscle; muscle biology; biology; lipid metabolism; fatty acid oxidation; lipid oxidation
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APA (6th Edition):
Chen, C. W. (2017). Dietary Lipids, Lipid Regulation, and Resistance Exercise Responses. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/166043
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chen, Chun Wen. “Dietary Lipids, Lipid Regulation, and Resistance Exercise Responses.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/166043.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chen, Chun Wen. “Dietary Lipids, Lipid Regulation, and Resistance Exercise Responses.” 2017. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Chen CW. Dietary Lipids, Lipid Regulation, and Resistance Exercise Responses. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/166043.
Council of Science Editors:
Chen CW. Dietary Lipids, Lipid Regulation, and Resistance Exercise Responses. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/166043
Texas A&M University
16.
Kieffer, Adam John.
Lipoprotein Density Distributions Following Diet and Exercise Interventions.
Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2016, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187338
► Atherosclerotic-related cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) claims the lives of over 600,000 Americans yearly. Current methodologies of assessment do not distinguish lipoprotein density distributions and instead measure…
(more)
▼ Atherosclerotic-related cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) claims the lives of over 600,000 Americans yearly. Current methodologies of assessment do not distinguish lipoprotein density distributions and instead measure lipoprotein cholesterol, with lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) of primary clinical relevance.
Furthermore, the distinction between the effects of diet and exercise interventions on lipoproteins is frequently indiscernible due to the effects of energy deficit induced by interventions. High- performance lipoprotein density profiling (HPLDP) provides a cost-effective way to rapidly assess the efficacy of diet or exercise interventions. The purpose of this study is to characterize density distribution of HDL subclasses in response to diet or exercise using HPLDP.
Eighty-eight untrained subjects (74% male, average age of 54 years) were pooled from two lifestyle intervention studies that met the inclusion criteria. Following 12 weeks of diet or exercise interventions (750 kcal expenditure or 750 kcal deficit), subjects lost an average of 3.72 kg weight (-3.9%), lost 3.9 kg of body fat (-11.6%), increased lean mass 0.62 kg (+1.1%), and reduced body fat percentage by 3.41% (-9.1%). Average absolute VO2 max increased 0.16 liters O2/min (+7.1%) (p<0.05). Several lipoprotein density distributions were significantly different (p<0.05) between diet and exercise interventions (expressed as percent change from baseline): triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL) (-17.14 vs 19.65), low-density lipoprotein subfraction 5 (LDL5) (-26.06 vs 8.14), high-density lipoprotein subfraction 3b (HDL3b) (-21.24 vs -0.71), and high-density lipoprotein subfraction 3c (HDL3c) (-17.88 vs 7.94). To elucidate the effects of cardiorespiratory fitness, subjects were further divided into categories of increased absolute VO2 max and decreased absolute VO2 max, with no changes between groups at baseline. Associations between absolute VO2 max percent change on TRL, LDL-5, HDL-3b, and HDL-3c percent change remained significant after controlling for age, gender, and fat mass percent change. A regression equation was constructed from significant correlations and effectively predicted HDL-3c changes using absolute VO2 max measurements.
A significant linear relationship between improved absolute VO2 max and increased HDL-3c subfraction AUC exists; lipoprotein subfraction quantification may reveal positive effects of exercise overlooked using traditional clinical cholesterol assessment techniques.
Advisors/Committee Members: Walzem, Rosemary L (advisor), Crouse, Stephen F (committee member), Riechman, Steven E (committee member), Smith, Stephen B (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: lipoproteins; lipid; HDL; LDL; exercise; diet
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APA (6th Edition):
Kieffer, A. J. (2016). Lipoprotein Density Distributions Following Diet and Exercise Interventions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187338
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kieffer, Adam John. “Lipoprotein Density Distributions Following Diet and Exercise Interventions.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187338.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kieffer, Adam John. “Lipoprotein Density Distributions Following Diet and Exercise Interventions.” 2016. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kieffer AJ. Lipoprotein Density Distributions Following Diet and Exercise Interventions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187338.
Council of Science Editors:
Kieffer AJ. Lipoprotein Density Distributions Following Diet and Exercise Interventions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187338
Texas A&M University
17.
Lee, Chang Woock.
The Effects of Dietary Choline on Muscle Responses to Resistance Exercise in Older Adults.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2016, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156820
► Choline is an essential nutrient for humans. It participates in many important physiological processes including membrane signaling/integrity, neurotransmission, methylation, and lipid transport. Since choline is…
(more)
▼ Choline is an essential nutrient for humans. It participates in many important physiological processes including membrane signaling/integrity, neurotransmission, methylation, and lipid transport. Since choline is a precursor to acetylcholine (ACh), a neurotransmitter that mediates muscle contraction, studies have been conducted to examine the relations between choline intake and endurance exercise performance. However, the results were equivocal, mostly due to lack of nutritional control, and there has been no study that examined the effects of choline associated with resistance exercise (RE).
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of dietary choline on muscle responses to RE in three study populations. It was hypothesized that low choline consumption would negatively influence changes in lean mass and strength in response to RE in older adults.
The first study examined the effects of habitual choline intake in the context of commonly recommended “healthy eating”, on changes in strength and lean mass following 12 weeks of full body resistance exercise training (RET). The results showed that lower intake of choline (<50% of Adequate Intake [AI]) was associated with significantly diminished gains in strength and lean mass compared with higher choline intakes (~63% or ~85% of AI).
The second study investigated the effects of choline supplementation from egg yolk for 12 weeks on muscle responses to RET in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The results showed that lower (~51% of AI) choline consumption significantly impaired strength but not muscle gains compared with moderate choline intake (~68% of AI) while higher (~118% of AI) choline intake did not provide additional benefits on strength gains.
The third study examined the effects of choline supplementation for 3 weeks on EMG amplitude and strength responses. No choline effect was observed on isometric force outputs, maximum strength on leg press/leg extension, or EMG amplitudes.
The results of these studies suggest that only lower choline intake (~50% of AI) for more than one month may negatively affect change in strength associated with RET. Consumption of varying amounts of choline for a short period or higher than recommended amounts of choline may not influence muscle responses to RE.
Advisors/Committee Members: Riechman, Steven E (advisor), Crouse, Stephen F (committee member), Fluckey, James D (committee member), Smith, Stephen B (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: choline; resistance exercise; sarcopenia; skeletal muscle; hypertrophy; strength
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APA (6th Edition):
Lee, C. W. (2016). The Effects of Dietary Choline on Muscle Responses to Resistance Exercise in Older Adults. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156820
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lee, Chang Woock. “The Effects of Dietary Choline on Muscle Responses to Resistance Exercise in Older Adults.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156820.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lee, Chang Woock. “The Effects of Dietary Choline on Muscle Responses to Resistance Exercise in Older Adults.” 2016. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lee CW. The Effects of Dietary Choline on Muscle Responses to Resistance Exercise in Older Adults. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156820.
Council of Science Editors:
Lee CW. The Effects of Dietary Choline on Muscle Responses to Resistance Exercise in Older Adults. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156820
Texas A&M University
18.
Lambert, Bradley Stewart.
Concurrent Exercise and the Potential Role of Aquatic Treadmill Running for Promoting Rather than Impeding Skeletal Muscle Growth and Strength Development.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2014, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152467
► The preservation of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and aerobic capacity have been demonstrated to be essential for maintaining one’s health, preventing a wide range of…
(more)
▼ The preservation of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and aerobic capacity have been demonstrated to be essential for maintaining one’s health, preventing a wide range of cardio-metabolic diseases, and improving quality of life. Therefore, the American College of Sports Medicine prescribes a combination of both aerobic and resistance exercise for promoting optimal health. However, previous investigators have reported that aerobic training may interfere with skeletal muscle hypertrophy and strength development when performed concurrently with resistance training as opposed to performing resistance training in isolation. Within skeletal muscle, this interference has been hypothesized to occur as a result of competing intracellular factors within skeletal muscle which are regulated by energy balance, insulin signaling, and contractile activity. However, due to inconsistencies in the literature with regards to exercise mode, frequency, intensity, training volume, and subject population, certainty about exercise interference remains unclear. Recent findings from our laboratory indicate that aquatic treadmill (ATM) running, unlike standard land treadmill (LTM) running, may enhance rather than impede skeletal muscle growth and strength while additionally providing aerobic benefits.
In the investigation presented herein, we examined the exercise-induced adaptations to 12 weeks of concurrent resistance and ATM training (RT-ATM), concurrent resistance and land LTM training (RT-LTM), and resistance training (RT) alone in previously untrained subjects. Additionally, we utilized isotope labeling to analyze the acute effects of each on myofibrillar fractional synthesis rates. From our available tissue samples, we also elected to measure chronic alterations in the content of signaling proteins hypothesized to play a role in exercise interference: protein kinase B (Akt), mammailian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) content.
Compared to RT and RT-LTM, concurrent RT-ATM exercise was found to enhance myofibrillar fractional synthesis when performed immediately following resistance exercise in the untrained state. These findings were concomitant with greater increases in lean mass and muscular strength following 12 weeks of training. Interestingly, RT-LTM training was found to yield greater reductions in fat mass than RT or RT-ATM training. Neither RT-LTM nor RT-ATM training was found to experience interference with strength or hypertrophy compared to the RT group.
The results of this investigation challenge the view that training for both strength and endurance are universally incompatible. They also highlight the importance of exercise mode selection when prescribing exercise programs for specific health or performance outcomes. In combination with RT, the novel use of ATM running may benefit those who desire to preserve strength and muscle mass while also promoting aerobic fitness.
Advisors/Committee Members: Crouse, Stephen F (advisor), Fluckey, James D (committee member), Riechman, Steven E (committee member), Parker, Janet L (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Resistance Training; Concurrent Training; Aquatic Exercise
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APA (6th Edition):
Lambert, B. S. (2014). Concurrent Exercise and the Potential Role of Aquatic Treadmill Running for Promoting Rather than Impeding Skeletal Muscle Growth and Strength Development. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152467
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lambert, Bradley Stewart. “Concurrent Exercise and the Potential Role of Aquatic Treadmill Running for Promoting Rather than Impeding Skeletal Muscle Growth and Strength Development.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152467.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lambert, Bradley Stewart. “Concurrent Exercise and the Potential Role of Aquatic Treadmill Running for Promoting Rather than Impeding Skeletal Muscle Growth and Strength Development.” 2014. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lambert BS. Concurrent Exercise and the Potential Role of Aquatic Treadmill Running for Promoting Rather than Impeding Skeletal Muscle Growth and Strength Development. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152467.
Council of Science Editors:
Lambert BS. Concurrent Exercise and the Potential Role of Aquatic Treadmill Running for Promoting Rather than Impeding Skeletal Muscle Growth and Strength Development. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152467
Texas A&M University
19.
Lockard, Brittanie.
Effects of Higher Carbohydrate or Higher Protein Diets with Exercise on Individual Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Women.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2014, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152525
► The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether following a higher protein (HP) diet for 10-weeks promotes a reduction of MetS and the individual…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether following a higher protein (HP) diet for 10-weeks promotes a reduction of MetS and the individual NCEP ATP III MetS risk factors better than a higher carbohydrate (HC) diet, when combined with an exercise program. 633 women (age 46.2±11.4 yrs, height 163±7 cm, weight 92.7±18 kg, BMI 34.8±6 kg/
m^(2)) were assigned either a HP or HC diet in conjunction with 30 minutes of circuit-style exercise 3x/wk for 10-weeks. Participants consumed 1,425±355 kcal/day while the HP group (N=371) consumed 1.14±0.5, 1.41±0.7, and 0.63±0.3 g/kg/d CHO, PRO, fat and the HC group (N=292) consumed 0.78±0.3, 2.20±0.7, and 0.60±0.2 g/kg/d. Participants were retrospectively categorized as apparently healthy (N=377) or metabolic syndrome (≥3 MetS risk factors, N=286). Body composition, anthropometrics, resting energy expenditure, lipid profiles, markers of glucose homeostasis, and fitness parameters were assessed at 0 and 10 weeks. Data were analyzed using ANOVA or MANOVA for repeated measures. The HP group experienced a greater decrease in scanned mass (HP -3.9±3.5, HC -3.0±3.5 kg, p=0.002), fat mass (HP-3.1±2.7, HC -2.4±2.8 kg, p=0.003), weight (HP -4.3±3.6, HC -3.2±3.4 kg, p<0.001), and body mass index (HP -1.6±1.3, HC -1.2±1.3 kg/
m^(2), p<0.001), and tended to experience a greater decrease in waist circumference (HP -4.0±5.7, HC -3.2±5.7 cm, p=0.07). Individuals with MetS experienced greater decreases in weight (AH -3.6±3.4, MS -4.2±3.6 kg, p=0.054), body mass index (AH -1.3±1.3, MS -1.6±1.3 kg/m2, p=0.046), systolic blood pressure (AH -0.5±13.3, MS -5.9±16.0 mmHg, p<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (AH -0.4±8.9, MS -4.1±10.5 mmHg, p<0.001), triglycerides (AH -0.00±0.47, -0.23±0.73 mmol/L, p<0.001), and glucose (AH +0.01±0.73, MS -0.24±1.19 mmol/L, p=0.001) and a trend towards a greater decrease in scanned mass (AH -3.3±3.5, MS -3.8±3.5 kg, p=0.07) and lean mass (AH -0.56±2.0, MS -0.89±2.0 kg, p=0.07). Results indicate that participants following the HP diet experienced more favorable changes in body composition and triglyceride levels, and that participants with MetS have greater room for improving markers of health on a diet and exercise protocol.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard B. (advisor), Fluckey, James D. (committee member), Riechman, Steven E. (committee member), Smith, Steven B. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: metabolic syndrome; women; nutrition; exercise; protein; carbohydrate; waist circumference; blood pressure; glucose; blood lipids
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Lockard, B. (2014). Effects of Higher Carbohydrate or Higher Protein Diets with Exercise on Individual Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Women. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152525
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lockard, Brittanie. “Effects of Higher Carbohydrate or Higher Protein Diets with Exercise on Individual Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Women.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152525.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lockard, Brittanie. “Effects of Higher Carbohydrate or Higher Protein Diets with Exercise on Individual Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Women.” 2014. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lockard B. Effects of Higher Carbohydrate or Higher Protein Diets with Exercise on Individual Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Women. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152525.
Council of Science Editors:
Lockard B. Effects of Higher Carbohydrate or Higher Protein Diets with Exercise on Individual Risk Factors of Metabolic Syndrome in Women. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152525
Texas A&M University
20.
Mardock, Michelle 1967-.
Comparison of Two Diet and Exercise Approaches on Weight Loss and Health Outcomes in Women.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2012, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148237
► The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of following either the Curves® Fitness and Weight Management Plan or the Weight Watchers® Momentum™…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of following either the Curves® Fitness and Weight Management Plan or the Weight Watchers® Momentum™ Plan on body composition and markers of health and fitness in previously sedentary obese women. Fifty-one women (age 35±8 yrs; height 163±7 cm; weight 90±1 kg; BMI 34±5 kg/m2; 47±7% body fat) were randomized to participate in the Curves® (C) or Weight Watchers® (W) weight loss programs for 16-wks. Participants in the C group (n=24) followed a 1,200 kcal/d diet for 1-wk; 1,500 kcal/d diet for 3 wks (~30%:45% CHO:PRO); and 2,000 kcals/d for 2-wks (45:30) and repeated this diet while participating in a supervised Curves® with Zumba program 3-d-wk. Remaining subjects (n=27) followed the W point-based diet program, received weekly group counseling, and were encouraged to exercise. Body composition, anthropometrics, resting energy expenditure (REE), lipid biomarkers, and hormone concentrations were assessed at 0, 4, 10, and 16 weeks. Maximal cardiopulmonary exercise capacity and upper and lower body isotonic strength and endurance were assessed at 0 and 16 weeks. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance for repeated measures.
MANOVA analysis of body composition data revealed overall time (Wilks’ Lamda p=0.001) and time by diet effects (Wilks’ Lamda p=0.003). Subjects in both groups lost a similar amount of total mass (C -2.4±2.0, -4.1±3.4, -5.1±3.9; W -2.3±2.3, -4.5±3.0, -5.5±4.6 kg, p=0.78). However, subjects in the C group tended to have a greater reduction in percent body fat (C -3.3±5.2, -3.2±4.6, -4.7±5.4; W 0.6±6.7, -0.6±8.3, -1.4±8.1%, p=0.10) and body fat mass (C -3.9±5.5, -4.6±5.3, -6.4±5.9; W -0.4±5.7, -2.1±6.7, -2.9±7.8 kg, p=0.09), while maintaining FFM (C 1.5±4.3, 0.52±3.7, 1.3±4.0; W -1.8±5.4, -2.4±5.8, -2.5±5.1, p=0.01). While both groups had increases cardiovascular fitness, the C group experienced improvements in upper body muscular endurance (C 1.4±3.9; W -1.2±2.4 repetitions, p=0.006). Both groups experienced improvements in lipid biomarkers; however, only the C group experienced a moderate increase in HDL-c. Results indicate that participants following the C program experienced more favorable changes in body composition and markers of fitness and health than participants in the W program.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard B (advisor), Riechman, Steven E (committee member), Murano, Peter S (committee member), Lightfoot, J Timothy (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness; Comparison; Supervised Exercise Program; Exercise; Weight Loss; Weight
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APA (6th Edition):
Mardock, M. 1. (2012). Comparison of Two Diet and Exercise Approaches on Weight Loss and Health Outcomes in Women. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148237
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mardock, Michelle 1967-. “Comparison of Two Diet and Exercise Approaches on Weight Loss and Health Outcomes in Women.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148237.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mardock, Michelle 1967-. “Comparison of Two Diet and Exercise Approaches on Weight Loss and Health Outcomes in Women.” 2012. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Mardock M1. Comparison of Two Diet and Exercise Approaches on Weight Loss and Health Outcomes in Women. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148237.
Council of Science Editors:
Mardock M1. Comparison of Two Diet and Exercise Approaches on Weight Loss and Health Outcomes in Women. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148237
Texas A&M University
21.
Ghahramany, Ghazal.
High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women.
Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2012, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10733
► About half of all deaths in developed countries are caused by cardiovascular disease. It is well known that cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk can be influenced…
(more)
▼ About half of all deaths in developed countries are caused by cardiovascular disease. It is well known that cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk can be influenced by diet, but optimal dietary content of fatty acids continues to be debated. The effect of fatty acid composition of ground beef on selected cardiovascular disease risk indicators was evaluated with two primary goals. The first goal was to document effects of ground beef fatty acid composition on plasma lipoprotein concentrations, whereas the second goal was to determine the effects of ground beef fatty acid composition on gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In both studies the results were compared between men and women.
Twelve men and women over age of 45 out of initially 15 completed a two-way crossover design. Subjects consumed five, 114-g ground beef patties per week for 5-wk periods separated by a 3-wk washout period. Patties contained on average 20% fat and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA): saturated fatty acid (SFA) of 0.8 and 1.1 for low- MUFA (conventional) ground beef high-MUFA (premium) ground beef patties, respectively. Blood was collected from each subject before and at the end of each diet period. Overall, the ground beef interventions decreased total plasma cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol. Plasma concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol decreased and increased, respectively with premium ground beef
consumption. The change in HDL cholesterol was significant in women but not in men suggesting that premium ground beef consumption had a greater impact on women than in men.
For the second goal PBMC were isolated and the expression of selected genes was quantified by real-time PCR. ATP-binding cassette A1, ATP-binding cassette G1, and low-density lipoprotein receptor relative expression was increased with premium ground beef consumption. A significant increase was seen in stearoyl-Coenzyme-A desaturase 1 expression after premium ground beef treatment. With the exception of stearoyl-Coenzyme-A desaturase 1, all these genes were down-regulated with conventional ground beef consumption. Both sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 and mediator complex subunit 1 were down-regulated after each beef patty treatment, but the effect was significant after consuming conventional ground beef. This suggests that genes involved in cholesterol metabolism were down-regulated with conventional ground beef consumption; whereas genes related to lipogenesis were up-regulated with premium ground beef consumption. From these data we concluded that different ground beef dietary interventions have different impacts on the PBMC gene expression that is related to cholesterol metabolism, inflammation and liver X receptor pathways.
Advisors/Committee Members: Smith, Stephen B. (advisor), Riechman, Steven E. (committee member), Villalobos, Alice (committee member), Wu, Chaodong (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: cardiovascular disease; Oleic acid; MUFA
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APA (6th Edition):
Ghahramany, G. (2012). High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10733
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ghahramany, Ghazal. “High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10733.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ghahramany, Ghazal. “High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women.” 2012. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ghahramany G. High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10733.
Council of Science Editors:
Ghahramany G. High-Oleic Ground Beef and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Men and Postmenopausal Women. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10733
Texas A&M University
22.
Bui, Steve.
The Effects of Caffeine Intake on Muscle Protein Synthesis and the Change in Lean Mass Following Resistance Exercise.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156127
► Caffeine is a commonly used drug and can be found in many everyday products. It has been established that caffeine has ergogenic properties in aerobic…
(more)
▼ Caffeine is a commonly used drug and can be found in many everyday products. It has been established that caffeine has ergogenic properties in aerobic metabolism; however, the effects of caffeine on anaerobic metabolism are still unclear in respect to performance and muscle recovery and some data suggest caffeine may even have inhibitory effects on muscle growth. The purpose of this research was to document the effects of caffeine intake on muscle protein synthesis rates, muscle performance, and changes in lean mass following resistance exercise training. We hypothesized that increased caffeine intake would cause a decrease in muscle protein synthesis rates.
The first study examined the effect of caffeine on rates of muscle protein synthesis rates following an acute bout of resistance exercise in male Sprague Dawley rats. Caffeine intake did not alter the rates of muscle protein synthesis following resistance exercise.
The second study examined muscle protein synthesis rates following resistance exercise in men consuming a caffeine bolus before exercise. Muscle performance was measured using maximal power, total weight, and total repetitions. Activation of cellular proteins (AMPK and p70s6) was measured by Western Blots. Caffeine intake had no effect on 24-hour muscle protein synthesis, power output, and total weight and repetitions performed. There were also no differences in total p70s6K, phosphorylated p70s6K, or phosphorylated AMPK between groups, but an increase in total AMPK expression was observed.
The final study analyzed the effects of habitual caffeine intake on changes in lean mass and muscle performance following 12 weeks of full-body resistance exercise in an untrained population. There were no changes in lean mass; however, the data suggested that high caffeine intake was associated with lower muscle performance in certain exercises (leg press, leg curl, and lat pulldown) and not in others (chest press, bicep curl, leg extension, and triceps extension).
The results of these studies suggest that caffeine intake has no effects on muscle protein synthesis following acute resistance exercise and no effect on changes in lean mass following chronic resistance exercise. Future studies involving different populations and exercise models may clarify the effects of caffeine on exercise performance.
Advisors/Committee Members: Riechman, Steven E (advisor), Crouse, Stephen F (committee member), Fluckey, James D (committee member), Smith, Stephen B (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Caffeine Exercise Supplement; Muscle Protein Synthesis; Lean Mass; Resistance Exercise
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APA (6th Edition):
Bui, S. (2015). The Effects of Caffeine Intake on Muscle Protein Synthesis and the Change in Lean Mass Following Resistance Exercise. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156127
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bui, Steve. “The Effects of Caffeine Intake on Muscle Protein Synthesis and the Change in Lean Mass Following Resistance Exercise.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156127.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bui, Steve. “The Effects of Caffeine Intake on Muscle Protein Synthesis and the Change in Lean Mass Following Resistance Exercise.” 2015. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Bui S. The Effects of Caffeine Intake on Muscle Protein Synthesis and the Change in Lean Mass Following Resistance Exercise. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156127.
Council of Science Editors:
Bui S. The Effects of Caffeine Intake on Muscle Protein Synthesis and the Change in Lean Mass Following Resistance Exercise. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156127
Texas A&M University
23.
Galvan, Elfego.
Acute and Chronic Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Dose Dependent Creatine Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2015, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174207
► Creatine monohydrate (CrM) and nitrate are popular supplements for improving exercise performance; yet they have not been investigated in combination. We performed two studies to…
(more)
▼ Creatine monohydrate (CrM) and nitrate are popular supplements for improving exercise performance; yet they have not been investigated in combination. We performed two studies to determine the safety and exercise performance-characteristics of creatine nitrate (CrN) supplementation.
In Study 1, 13 participants ingested 1.5 g CrN (CrN-L), 3 g CrN (CrN-H), 5 g CrM or a placebo (PL) in a crossover study to determine supplement safety. Hepatorenal and muscle enzymes, heart rate, blood pressure and side effects were measured before supplementation, 30 minutes after ingestion, and then hourly for 5 hours post-supplementation. In Study 2, 48 participants received the same CrN treatments vs. 3 g CrM in a double-blind, 28-day trial inclusive of a 7-day interim testing period and loading sequence (4 servings/d). Day-0 and day-28 measured bench press performance, Wingate testing and a 6x6-s bicycle ergometer sprints. Data were analyzed using a general linear model and results are reported as mean ± standard deviation or mean change ± 95% confidence interval (CI).
Both studies yielded several significant, yet stochastic changes in blood markers that were not indicative of potential harm or consistent for any treatment group. Equally, all treatment groups reported a similar number of minimal side effects. In Study 2, there was a significant increase in plasma nitrates for both CrN groups by day-7, subsequently abating by day-28. Muscle creatine increased significantly by day-7 in the CrM and CrN-H groups, but decreased by day-28 for CrN-H. By day-28, there were significant increases in bench press lifting volume (kg) for all groups (PL, 126.6, 95% CI 26.3, 226.8; CrM, 194.1, 95% CI 89.0, 299.2; CrN-L, 118.3, 95% CI 26.1, 210.5; CrN-H, 267.2, 95% CI 175.0, 359.4, kg). Only the CrN-H group was significantly greater than PL (p<0.05). Similar findings were observed for bench press peak power (PL, 59.0, 95% CI 4.5, 113.4; CrM, 68.6, 95% CI 11.4, 125.8; CrN-L, 40.9, 95% CI -9.2, 91.0; CrN-H, 60.9, 95% CI 10.8, 111.1, Watts) and average power.
Creatine nitrate was well-tolerated, demonstrated similar performance benefits to 3 g CrM, and was void of significant hemodynamics or blood enzymes changes associated with supplement safety.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard B (advisor), Fluckey, James D (committee member), Riechman, Steven E (committee member), Smith, Stephen B (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Creatine; Nitrate; Creatine Nitrate; Nutrition; Supplementation; Exercise Performance
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APA (6th Edition):
Galvan, E. (2015). Acute and Chronic Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Dose Dependent Creatine Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174207
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Galvan, Elfego. “Acute and Chronic Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Dose Dependent Creatine Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174207.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Galvan, Elfego. “Acute and Chronic Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Dose Dependent Creatine Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance.” 2015. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Galvan E. Acute and Chronic Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Dose Dependent Creatine Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174207.
Council of Science Editors:
Galvan E. Acute and Chronic Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Dose Dependent Creatine Nitrate Supplementation and Exercise Performance. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174207
Texas A&M University
24.
Sowinski, Ryan Joseph.
An Examination of a Novel Weight Loss Formula on Anthropometry and Indices of Cardiovascular Disease Risk.
Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2019, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188803
► Studies from Africa report supplementation with Dichrostachys glomerata (DG; 200–400 mg/d) has led to significant reductions in weight and fat in obese individuals, without exercise…
(more)
▼ Studies from Africa report supplementation with Dichrostachys glomerata (DG; 200–400 mg/d) has led to significant reductions in weight and fat in obese individuals, without exercise or diet intervention. The purpose of this study was to examine if adding DG to weight loss supplements with caffeine [WL+C] containing; DG (300mg), Clubmoss extract (10mg), Caffeine (150mg; XR [77% caffeine] | 250mg; anhydrous [98.5% caffeine]), Sensoril® (125mg), and Capsimax ® (50mg) or without caffeine [WL] containing; DG (300mg), Sensoril® (250mg; Ashwaganda), Bioperine (5mg), Capsimax® (50mg; 4% Capsaicinoids), Rhodiola rosea extract (60mg), L-Theanine (100mg), Clubmoss extract (5mg), and Bacopa monneri extract (50mg), would promote weight loss in overweight persons, without exercise or dietary modification. In a double-blind, parallel, stratified random, placebo-controlled trial, participants (N=68 [
M: 31, W: 37], 37±5 yr, 88.9±16.6 kg, BMI: 25-34.9 kg/m2 , Fat: 35.2±7.7%, Activity: 6,857±1,512 steps/wk) ingested a DG containing weight loss supplement for 12 weeks.
Measurements were obtained for body weight, body composition, anthropometry, blood chemistries, resting energy expenditure, and hunger and satiety at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12-weeks. Supplementation was shown, using GLM, to have no significant differences between groups for measures of body composition using the current dose. Supplement groups decreased in FM (WL: -0.56±0.95 [-1.02, -0.14]; WL: -0.63±1.47 [-1.23, -0.02] kg) at wk4 and wk8, respectively, and body fat (WL: -0.63±1.26 [-1.16, -0.10]; WL: -0.78±1.31 [-1.45, 0.07] %) at wk8 and wk12, respectively, with indications of having greater effect on males. As well, REE improved (WL+C: 111±220 [10, 207] kcal/d; WL+C: 1.57±2.37 [0.5, 2.6] kcal/kg/d) by wk12. Supplement groups also reported less hunger and more satiety with some sleep quality improvements (diminished sleep quality for WL+C), overall. No significant effects or differences were observed in any other measure. The addition of caffeine did not incur additional benefits. Consequently, further research is required to determine an effective dose and thereafter, paired with a diet and/or exercise program for functional assessment of weight loss potential.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard B (advisor), Fluckey, James D (committee member), Riechman, Steven E (committee member), Kubena, Karen S (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Weight loss; Body composition; Metabolism; Dichrostachys glomerata; Caffeine; Ashwaganda; Cardiovascular disease
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APA (6th Edition):
Sowinski, R. J. (2019). An Examination of a Novel Weight Loss Formula on Anthropometry and Indices of Cardiovascular Disease Risk. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188803
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sowinski, Ryan Joseph. “An Examination of a Novel Weight Loss Formula on Anthropometry and Indices of Cardiovascular Disease Risk.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188803.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sowinski, Ryan Joseph. “An Examination of a Novel Weight Loss Formula on Anthropometry and Indices of Cardiovascular Disease Risk.” 2019. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Sowinski RJ. An Examination of a Novel Weight Loss Formula on Anthropometry and Indices of Cardiovascular Disease Risk. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188803.
Council of Science Editors:
Sowinski RJ. An Examination of a Novel Weight Loss Formula on Anthropometry and Indices of Cardiovascular Disease Risk. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188803
Texas A&M University
25.
Simmons, Erin Elizabeth.
Integration of Total Daily Protein Intake and Timing of Protein Supplementation on Muscle Anabolism during Simulated Elite Athlete Training in Fit Young Males.
Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2018, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174395
► A great deal of variation exists in recommendations of total daily protein intake and timing of supplementation for athletes. The most widely accepted recommendations promote…
(more)
▼ A great deal of variation exists in recommendations of total daily protein intake
and timing of supplementation for athletes. The most widely accepted recommendations
promote protein intakes for strength and power athletes of 1.6-1.8 grams/kg/day and
post-exercise protein supplementation. To our knowledge, no studies have investigated
an interaction between supplementation timing and total daily needs in athletic
populations. In an effort to determine optimal protein intake and supplementation
strategies for athletic populations in a stable training phase, a double blind randomized
controlled trial was conducted on 46 young, trained males (21.8±3.1 yr, 182.2±6.2 cm,
83.5±13.6 kg). Subjects underwent a two-week familiarization period followed by the
two-week intervention period, both consisting of concurrent sprint interval and
resistance exercise with nutritional interventions of low (LO = 1.3 g/kg total mass/day,
1.9 g/kg lean mass/day) and high (HI = 2.2 g/kg total mass/day, 2.7 g/kg lean mass/day)
daily protein intake and whey protein supplementation either immediately (IPE) or three
hours delayed (DPE) post-exercise. An age and activity matched control group (CON)
completed food and activity logs but continued their normal diet (1.6 g/kg total
mass/day, 2.1 g/kg lean mass/day) and exercise regimens and did not perform exercise
on the experimental day. Tests of body composition, power, and strength were
conducted before and after the intervention period. Cumulative muscle protein synthesis
(C-MPS) was determined using deuterium stable isotope labeling (70%²H₂O, 3ml/kg) to
measure myofibrillar fractional synthetic rates (myoFSR) during the 24-hour post
exercise window.
A two-way ANOVA (total protein x timing) showed no difference in myoFSR
among groups. No differences in total body %fat or lean mass were found, but changes
in thigh %fat (p=0.002), total thigh fat mass (p<0.001), and thigh cross section fat mass
(p=0.049) were significantly greater in LO/DPE compared to CON. Knee extension
one-repetition-maximum was significantly greater at follow-up in LO/DPE compared to
CON (p=0.006) and change in knee extension 1RM was greater in HI/DPE compared to
CON (p=0.006). Thus, trained individuals undergoing simulated elite athlete training
exhibited no significant differences in muscle protein synthesis, lean mass accretion, or
performance measures regardless of total daily protein intake or supplementation timing
strategy.
Advisors/Committee Members: Riechman, Steven E (advisor), Fluckey, James D (committee member), Smith, Stephen B (committee member), Crouse, Steven F (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: sport nutrition; applied nutrition; protein synthesis; muscle protein synthesis; deuterium; deuterium oxide; concurrent training; muscle anabolism; protein supplementation; lean body mass; protein requirements; strength and power athletes; athlete nutrition
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Simmons, E. E. (2018). Integration of Total Daily Protein Intake and Timing of Protein Supplementation on Muscle Anabolism during Simulated Elite Athlete Training in Fit Young Males. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174395
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Simmons, Erin Elizabeth. “Integration of Total Daily Protein Intake and Timing of Protein Supplementation on Muscle Anabolism during Simulated Elite Athlete Training in Fit Young Males.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174395.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Simmons, Erin Elizabeth. “Integration of Total Daily Protein Intake and Timing of Protein Supplementation on Muscle Anabolism during Simulated Elite Athlete Training in Fit Young Males.” 2018. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Simmons EE. Integration of Total Daily Protein Intake and Timing of Protein Supplementation on Muscle Anabolism during Simulated Elite Athlete Training in Fit Young Males. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174395.
Council of Science Editors:
Simmons EE. Integration of Total Daily Protein Intake and Timing of Protein Supplementation on Muscle Anabolism during Simulated Elite Athlete Training in Fit Young Males. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174395
26.
Qamar, Zubaida.
Dietary Behaviors and Nutrition Knowledge among South Asians.
Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2012, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10576
► South Asians have 2-4 times higher risk of heart disease than Caucasians, African Americans, and Hispanics and India has the highest number of individuals with…
(more)
▼ South Asians have 2-4 times higher risk of heart disease than Caucasians, African Americans, and Hispanics and India has the highest number of individuals with type 2 diabetes. National studies on South Asians chronic disease prevalence, nutrition knowledge, and dietary patterns are limited in the U.S. since all Asian subgroups are aggregated into the "Asian" category. These are particularly important for South Asians because their genetic predisposition and acculturation into the westernized lifestyle after immigration increases their risk for chronic diseases. The objectives of the study were to focus on various factors that influence dietary patterns and changes that increase the risk of diet-related diseases and general nutrition knowledge of South Asians living in the U.S. The data were collected using a survey questionnaire on dietary habits, nutrition knowledge and health of 105 South Asians (men=58, women=47). The mean age and Body Mass Index (BMI) of the participants was about 24 years and 22.8 +/- 3.5 kg/
m2 respectively. On average, respondents scored moderately on dietary habits scale. Participants reported an increase in weight after coming to the U.S. The top 3 barriers to eating healthy were "not a priority", "busy lifestyle" and "healthy foods not tasting as good." The top 3 motivators for healthy eating were "losing weight", "prevention of diseases", and "ability to find quick healthy recipes." The nutrition knowledge was assessed by qualitative and quantitative measures .Approximately half of the participants reported avoiding junk, incorporating low fat, low sugar, more vegetables, fruits and increased intake of water. Furthermore, obese individuals scored better on dietary behavior scale as compared to their peers. The multivariate regression model was significant (df=13, F=2.980, R2 =0.356, P<0.002) for Nutrition Behaviors of South Asians and 35.6% of the variance in nutrition behavior was explained by the variables in the model. Nutrition Behavior was significantly and positively related to use of food labels and BMI. With the current emphasis on cultural competency and providing culturally appropriate health services, results from this study can help to develop strategies to prevent diseases using nutritional strategies and to promote a general healthy life style among this educated South Asian group.
Advisors/Committee Members: Misra, Ranjita (advisor), Riechman, Steven (committee member), Kubena, Karen (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: South Asian; Nutrition; Diet; BMI
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APA (6th Edition):
Qamar, Z. (2012). Dietary Behaviors and Nutrition Knowledge among South Asians. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10576
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Qamar, Zubaida. “Dietary Behaviors and Nutrition Knowledge among South Asians.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10576.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Qamar, Zubaida. “Dietary Behaviors and Nutrition Knowledge among South Asians.” 2012. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Qamar Z. Dietary Behaviors and Nutrition Knowledge among South Asians. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10576.
Council of Science Editors:
Qamar Z. Dietary Behaviors and Nutrition Knowledge among South Asians. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10576
27.
Kresta, Julie Yong.
Effects of 28 Days of Beta-Alanine and Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Muscle Carnosine, Body Composition and Exercise Performance in Recreationally Active Females.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2012, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10754
► Early research with beta-alanine (beta-ALA) supplementation has shown increases in muscle carnosine as well as improvements in body composition, exercise performance and blood lactate levels.…
(more)
▼ Early research with beta-alanine (beta-ALA) supplementation has shown increases in muscle carnosine as well as improvements in body composition, exercise performance and blood lactate levels. Creatine monohydrate supplementation has been extensively researched for its effects on anaerobic exercise performance. Recently, a new line of studies have examined the combined effects beta-ALA and creatine supplementation on anaerobic exercise performance and lactate threshold. The purpose of the present study is to examine the acute and chronic effects of beta-ALA supplementation with and without creatine monohydrate on body composition, aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance, and muscle carnosine and phosphagen levels in college-aged recreationally active females.
Thirty-two females were randomized in a double-blind placebo controlled manner into one of four supplementation groups including beta-ALA only, creatine only, beta-ALA and creatine combined and placebo. Participants supplemented for four weeks and reported for testing at baseline, day 7 and day 28. Testing sessions consisted of a resting muscle biopsy of the vastus lateralis, body composition measurements, a graded exercise test on the cycle ergometer for VO2max and lactate threshold, and multiple Wingate tests for anaerobic exercise performance.
Results showed all supplementation strategies increasing muscle carnosine levels over placebo after four weeks, but not between groups. Muscle creatine increased for all groups after four weeks, but not between groups. There were improvements for all groups with body composition after four weeks, despite the present study not including a specific training protocol. There were no group differences observed for aerobic exercise, blood lactate levels, lactate threshold, ventilatory threshold, peak power, mean power, total work or rate of fatigue. There were some trends for anaerobic exercise indicating groups supplementing with creatine may have greater improvements, however, these findings were not statistically significant.
The present study failed to show any additive effects of beta-ALA and creatine supplementation for body composition, aerobic exercise, lactate threshold or anaerobic exercise measures. This could be due to the small sample size resulting in low power and effect sizes. Previous research has demonstrated that four weeks of beta-ALA and creatine supplementation was enough time to increase muscle carnosine and phosphagen levels. However, perhaps more time is needed for performance adaptations to occur, especially without the addition of an exercise training component.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard (advisor), Fluckey, Jim (committee member), Riechman, Steven (committee member), Talcott, Susanne (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: beta-alanine; creatine; body composition; exercise performance
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APA (6th Edition):
Kresta, J. Y. (2012). Effects of 28 Days of Beta-Alanine and Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Muscle Carnosine, Body Composition and Exercise Performance in Recreationally Active Females. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10754
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kresta, Julie Yong. “Effects of 28 Days of Beta-Alanine and Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Muscle Carnosine, Body Composition and Exercise Performance in Recreationally Active Females.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10754.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kresta, Julie Yong. “Effects of 28 Days of Beta-Alanine and Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Muscle Carnosine, Body Composition and Exercise Performance in Recreationally Active Females.” 2012. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kresta JY. Effects of 28 Days of Beta-Alanine and Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Muscle Carnosine, Body Composition and Exercise Performance in Recreationally Active Females. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10754.
Council of Science Editors:
Kresta JY. Effects of 28 Days of Beta-Alanine and Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on Muscle Carnosine, Body Composition and Exercise Performance in Recreationally Active Females. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-05-10754
28.
Sanchez, Brittany Kathryn.
The Influence of Metabolic Genotypes on Diet and Exercise Induced Weight Loss in Women.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2017, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/165717
► The purpose of this study was to retrospectively determine the influence of genetic profiling on diet type and exercise for weight loss, body composition, and…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this study was to retrospectively determine the influence of genetic profiling on diet type and exercise for weight loss, body composition, and biomarkers of metabolic health in previously sedentary women. SNPs in obesity candidate genes ADRB2-79, ADRB2-46, PPARγ2, FABP2, and ADRB3 were evaluated to predict health outcomes. Eighty-six women (age 37.5±13.4 yrs; ht 163.7±6.9 cm; wt 82.0±16.8 kg; 40.8±5.1% body fat) were randomized to the control (CTRL), American Heart Association (AHA), Curves Complete-I (CC-I), or Curves Complete-II (CC-II) program for 24-wks (N=86). Participants in the diet groups followed a 1,400 kcal/d diet for 1 wk; 1,500 kcal/d diet for 23 wks (AHA 55%:15% CHO:PRO, CC-I 25%:45% CHO:PRO, CC-II 15%:45% CHO:PRO), while participating in supervised resistance circuit (3x/wk) and Zumba exercise (1x/wk). Remaining subjects in the CTRL had no diet or exercise intervention. Body composition, anthropometrics, resting energy expenditure (REE), physical activity, and psychosocial assessments were measured at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 weeks. VO₂max capacity, upper and lower body isotonic strength and endurance, and lipid biomarkers were assessed at 0, 12, and 24 weeks. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance for repeated measures. MANOVA of body composition data revealed time x diet interaction (Wilks’ Lambda p=0.05) with no difference observed among diet groups (p=0.86), as all diet groups significantly improved these variables and CTRL had no deviation from baseline after 24 wks. MANOVA of body composition (body weight, fat mass, lean mass, fat-free mass, and body fat %) revealed an overall time effect (Wilks’ Lambda p<0.001), but no time x match interaction (p=0.99) when analyzed as a genetically True (T) or False (F) match to diet. Both T and F participants matched to diet revealed similar weight loss (F -4.25±0.93; T -4.63±0.85 kg, p=0.61). Results indicate that women following a controlled diet and exercise program experience similarly favorable changes in body composition, cardiovascular fitness, and biomarkers of health. However, diets designed for weight loss based on SNP profiles elicits further research, as no time x genetic match interactions in body weight or composition were observed in T and F matches to diets.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kreider, Richard (advisor), Crouse, Stephen (committee member), Riechman, Steven (committee member), Murano, Peter (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: metabolism; genetics; diet; nutrition; exercise; physiology; single nucleotide polymorphism
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APA (6th Edition):
Sanchez, B. K. (2017). The Influence of Metabolic Genotypes on Diet and Exercise Induced Weight Loss in Women. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/165717
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sanchez, Brittany Kathryn. “The Influence of Metabolic Genotypes on Diet and Exercise Induced Weight Loss in Women.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/165717.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sanchez, Brittany Kathryn. “The Influence of Metabolic Genotypes on Diet and Exercise Induced Weight Loss in Women.” 2017. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Sanchez BK. The Influence of Metabolic Genotypes on Diet and Exercise Induced Weight Loss in Women. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/165717.
Council of Science Editors:
Sanchez BK. The Influence of Metabolic Genotypes on Diet and Exercise Induced Weight Loss in Women. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/165717
29.
Terhune, Tamren.
Web-Based Workshop: Nutrition and Obesity Education Tools and Resources for Medical Students.
Degree: MS, Nutrition, 2014, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153237
► Lack of nutrition education is one of the most common barriers reported by physicians to discussing nutrition and obesity-related chronic health conditions and giving dietary…
(more)
▼ Lack of nutrition education is one of the most common barriers reported by physicians to discussing nutrition and obesity-related chronic health conditions and giving dietary and weight-loss guidance to their patients. Challenges with integrating nutrition education into medical school curriculums have been addressed by utilizing web-based learning opportunities.
A web-based workshop (WBW), providing nutrition and obesity education tools and resources, was developed and pilot-tested to 1st through 4th-year medical students. A focus group provided valuable feedback on the WBW for revisions prior to the pilot test. A pretest survey and posttest evaluation survey were developed to assess prior nutrition training, evaluate changes in nutrition attitudes, perceived self-efficacy, and nutrition and obesity knowledge after accessing the WBW, and to evaluate the content and value of the WBW. Paired sample t-tests were performed to evaluate these changes, and descriptive and qualitative analyses were used to evaluate survey and focus group
results. Subsequent recommendations for the next phase of the WBW were noted.
Fewer than 50% of medical student pretest survey respondents reported ever having received prior nutrition training before accessing the WBW. Although a statistically significant change in nutrition attitudes, perceived self-efficacy or nutrition and obesity knowledge was not observed in our study, 11 respondents (100%) agreed that the WBW enhanced their knowledge of nutrition and its role in prevention and treatment of obesity and chronic disease, 7 thought the WBW was applicable to medical students (63.6%), and 8 would recommend it to their peers (72.7%).
A WBW was successfully created and administered to TAMHSC COM students. It was designed to serve as a clinically applicable nutrition and obesity resource in medical school curricula that would enhance nutrition attitudes, perceived self-efficacy, and nutrition and obesity knowledge. Since the WBW developed represented an initial pilot phase of a planned multi-year endeavor, future research will likely address not only content issues, but also WBW participation, survey respondent rates, and will seek revisions to enhance the WBW for possible future applications.
Advisors/Committee Members: Murano, Peter (advisor), Kubena, Karen (committee member), Riechman, Steven (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Web-Based Workshop; Nutrition; Obesity; Medical Students; Nutrition Attitudes; Perceived Self-Efficacy; Knowledge
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APA (6th Edition):
Terhune, T. (2014). Web-Based Workshop: Nutrition and Obesity Education Tools and Resources for Medical Students. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153237
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Terhune, Tamren. “Web-Based Workshop: Nutrition and Obesity Education Tools and Resources for Medical Students.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153237.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Terhune, Tamren. “Web-Based Workshop: Nutrition and Obesity Education Tools and Resources for Medical Students.” 2014. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Terhune T. Web-Based Workshop: Nutrition and Obesity Education Tools and Resources for Medical Students. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153237.
Council of Science Editors:
Terhune T. Web-Based Workshop: Nutrition and Obesity Education Tools and Resources for Medical Students. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153237
30.
Greene, Nicholas Perry.
PPARs: Potential Mechanisms Regulating Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Concentrations at Rest and Following Exercise in the Obese.
Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2011, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8354
► Obesity is associated with greater rates of cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia and dysfunctional lipid metabolism. Exercise may provide an effective therapeutic tool to ameliorate dyslipidemia. However,…
(more)
▼ Obesity is associated with greater rates of cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia and dysfunctional lipid metabolism. Exercise may provide an effective therapeutic tool to ameliorate dyslipidemia. However, how exercise attenuates dyslipidemia with obesity is not fully understood. Additionally, whether acute exercise or exercise training is the primary driver of such changes in this population is unknown. Furthermore, mechanisms mediating these exercise responses are not elucidated. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) provide a likely mechanism through enhanced expression of oxidative metabolism and cholesterol transport proteins augmenting fatty acid oxidation and cholesterol transport.
Study one describes blood lipid and lipoprotein responses to acute aerobic exercise and exercise training in obese men and women. The primary measured effects include: increased HDL-C in men following 12 wks exercise training, and a shift from HDL3-C to HDL2-C, with concomitantly reduced HDL-C mean density and LDL3-C in women. Acute exercise of 400 kcal duration performed before and after training, yielded a decreased TC: HDL-C ratio in men, which was unaffected by training. Thus, the primary exercise-based treatment for dyslipidemia with obesity appears to be exercise training.
In study two, PPARδ and PGC-1α content were significantly enhanced after acute exercise, whereas PPARα and AMPKα content were augmented only after training. These effects were seen with concomitantly increased content of target proteins involved in oxidative and lipoprotein metabolism including lipoprotein lipase, CPT-I, COX-IV, and FAT/CD36. PPARδ expression was correlated with total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations. AMPKα expression was correlated with the concentration of HDL-C and its subfractions, suggesting regulation of blood cholesterols by PPARδ and AMPKα.
Study three demonstrates comparative responses to high volume resistance exercise (RE) in lean and obese Zucker rats. RE enhanced PPARδ expression regardless of phenotype, but PGC-1α in obese only. Mitochondrial biogenesis was enhanced in lean animals only, indicating PPARδ and PGC-1α content is disconnected from mitochondrial biogenesis with obesity.
These studies enhance our understanding of exercise as a therapeutic tool in treating dyslipidemia and dysregulated lipid metabolism often associated with obesity. They further demonstrate the necessity for exercise training to attenuate dyslipidemia, while illustrating PPAR-mediated augmentations in oxidative and lipoprotein metabolism following exercise with obesity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Crouse, Stephen F. (advisor), Fluckey, James D. (committee member), Riechman, Steven E. (committee member), Smith, Stephen B. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: PGC-1alpha; mitochondrial biogenesis; cholesterol; AMPK
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Greene, N. P. (2011). PPARs: Potential Mechanisms Regulating Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Concentrations at Rest and Following Exercise in the Obese. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8354
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Greene, Nicholas Perry. “PPARs: Potential Mechanisms Regulating Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Concentrations at Rest and Following Exercise in the Obese.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 09, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8354.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Greene, Nicholas Perry. “PPARs: Potential Mechanisms Regulating Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Concentrations at Rest and Following Exercise in the Obese.” 2011. Web. 09 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Greene NP. PPARs: Potential Mechanisms Regulating Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Concentrations at Rest and Following Exercise in the Obese. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 09].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8354.
Council of Science Editors:
Greene NP. PPARs: Potential Mechanisms Regulating Blood Lipid and Lipoprotein Concentrations at Rest and Following Exercise in the Obese. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-08-8354
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations
