+publisher:"Texas A&M University" +contributor:("Mannan, Sam")

Texas A&M University

1. Basha, Omar 1988-. Modeling of LNG Pool Spreading and Vaporization.

Degree: 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148176

► In this work, a source term model for estimating the rate of spreading and vaporization of LNG on land and sea is introduced. The model… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: vaporization.; source term; Process Safety; Liquefied Natural Gas; vapor liquid equilibrium; boiling; mixture thermodynamics; pool spreading; heat transfer; consequence modeling; LNG

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APA (6^th Edition):

Basha, O. 1. (2012). Modeling of LNG Pool Spreading and Vaporization. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148176

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Basha, Omar 1988-. “Modeling of LNG Pool Spreading and Vaporization.” 2012. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148176.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Basha, Omar 1988-. “Modeling of LNG Pool Spreading and Vaporization.” 2012. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Basha O1. Modeling of LNG Pool Spreading and Vaporization. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148176.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Basha O1. Modeling of LNG Pool Spreading and Vaporization. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148176

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

2. Arenas Reyes, Jehova. Human Factors in the Selection of New Technology for the Oil and Gas Industries.

Degree: 2015, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156286

► The evolution of organizations comes with changes in two core elements: human factors and technology factors. The introduction of new technology is one of the… (more)

▼ The evolution of organizations comes with changes in two core elements: human factors and technology factors. The introduction of new technology is one of the most important processes considered to improve the performance of any system, and it contemplates the combination of human and technology elements. When one talks about the selection of new technology to improve systems, the most important problem is that there is no model or guide to show how to start. A model is needed to explain which elements require more attention and where investment of economic and human resources is needed in order to develop a highly reliable design. In addition, the model may reduce human error, incidents, injuries, and improve productivity. One of the problems is that there is limited access to reliable sources of information related to human and technology factors in the oil and gas industries. Even when information is available, applications are limited and the relationships between factors are unclear. If those relationships are established there can be a clear indication of the areas that need to improve. Therefore, in many cases organizations do not implement the best technology in their systems or processes, which will limit their results and potentially introduce new problems. Likewise, many companies use ?common sense? and select the state-of-the-art or most expensive technology, but do not consider the most optimal equipment to achieve their goals. As a solution to this problem a Bayesian Network based New Technology Change (NTC) model has been developed, which semi quantitatively assesses the effect of the combination of Human and Technology Factors on the risk of process safety incidents. This model analyzes the risk by incorporating technology factors into an event tree model. The technology factors were quantified by a survey and the human factors by using statistical data from the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers. We found that the model is useful to identify a clear relationship between human factors and technology factors to quantify the change in frequency of process safety incidents, to evaluate the impact of preventive barriers and actions, and to determine which elements are better investments in order to improve the safety performance of an organization. In summary, it has developed a methodology for the identification, evaluation, and selection of new technology by focusing on the relationship of the principal technology characteristics and human factors. When this relationship is established, the early process of selection of new technology will be impacted. Thus, it will be easier to identify the factors that can be considered in the selection of new technology, and determine how to evaluate the success or failure of its implementation. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), Peres, Camille (committee member), Avnet, Mark (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Human factors; Technology factors; High Potential events; Risk analysis; Bayesian network.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Arenas Reyes, J. (2015). Human Factors in the Selection of New Technology for the Oil and Gas Industries. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156286

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Arenas Reyes, Jehova. “Human Factors in the Selection of New Technology for the Oil and Gas Industries.” 2015. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156286.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Arenas Reyes, Jehova. “Human Factors in the Selection of New Technology for the Oil and Gas Industries.” 2015. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Arenas Reyes J. Human Factors in the Selection of New Technology for the Oil and Gas Industries. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156286.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Arenas Reyes J. Human Factors in the Selection of New Technology for the Oil and Gas Industries. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156286

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

3. Narayan, Adithyaram. Theoretical and Experimental Characterization of Dicyclopentadiene Reactivity.

Degree: 2015, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156305

► Reactive chemical hazards have been a significant concern in the chemical process industries. Reactive chemicals have caused many catastrophic disasters in industries that deal with… (more)

▼ Reactive chemical hazards have been a significant concern in the chemical process industries. Reactive chemicals have caused many catastrophic disasters in industries that deal with the storage, handling or manufacturing chemicals which resulted in loss of lives and property. In a report by U.S Chemical Safety and Accident Investigation Board about 167 incidents from 1980 to 2001 is attributed to reactive chemical hazards. About 35% of the incidents were due to thermal runaway reactions. One significant reactive compound that has seldom been studied is dicyclopentadiene despite its extensive use. Dicyclopentadiene is an important cyclic olefin, obtained from naphtha or crude feedstock and used industrially for manufacturing specialty polymers, pigments, and as a starting material for high density fuels. Dicyclopentadiene was involved in a catastrophic incident in the Netherlands which resulted in about 3 casualties and huge environmental incidents. This incident was attributed to a thermal runaway which led to explosion of the reactor which destroyed the whole facility. In this work the thermal stability of dicyclopentadiene system is studied under various conditions using both theoretical and experimental techniques. Theoretically, computational quantum chemistry is used to study the thermodynamics of some of the elementary reaction mechanisms. The reaction energies of various dicyclopentadiene reaction pathways are estimated and the ?onset? temperature of a possible runaway is calculated using established correlation. Experimentally, the Reactive Systems Screening Tool (RSST) is used to experimentally study the runaway of dicyclopentadiene. The onset temperature, self-heat rate and the temperature ramps were determined under the presence of different solvent systems and the effect of the systems on the runaway is studied. The energy of the exotherm is calculated from experimental analysis of the RSST, under various conditions. Advisors/Committee Members: Cheng, Zhengdong (advisor), Mannan, Sam (advisor), Bergbreiter, David (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Process Safety; Dicyclopentadiene; Computational Chemistry; Reactive Systems Screening Tool; Calorimetry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Narayan, A. (2015). Theoretical and Experimental Characterization of Dicyclopentadiene Reactivity. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156305

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Narayan, Adithyaram. “Theoretical and Experimental Characterization of Dicyclopentadiene Reactivity.” 2015. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156305.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Narayan, Adithyaram. “Theoretical and Experimental Characterization of Dicyclopentadiene Reactivity.” 2015. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Narayan A. Theoretical and Experimental Characterization of Dicyclopentadiene Reactivity. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156305.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Narayan A. Theoretical and Experimental Characterization of Dicyclopentadiene Reactivity. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156305

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

4. Sadia, Asma. Experimental Study of the Vaporization Of Cryogenic Liquids on Solid Substrates.

Degree: MS, Chemical Engineering, 2015, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174187

► Many safety challenges are associated with the production, handling and transportation of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) due to its hazardous properties and nature that is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: LNG; vaporization; boiling; cryogen

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sadia, A. (2015). Experimental Study of the Vaporization Of Cryogenic Liquids on Solid Substrates. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174187

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sadia, Asma. “Experimental Study of the Vaporization Of Cryogenic Liquids on Solid Substrates.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174187.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sadia, Asma. “Experimental Study of the Vaporization Of Cryogenic Liquids on Solid Substrates.” 2015. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Sadia A. Experimental Study of the Vaporization Of Cryogenic Liquids on Solid Substrates. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174187.

Council of Science Editors:

Sadia A. Experimental Study of the Vaporization Of Cryogenic Liquids on Solid Substrates. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174187

Texas A&M University

5. Palaniappan, Visalatchi. Pipeline Risk Assessment Using Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) for Internal Corrosion.

Degree: MS, Safety Engineering, 2018, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174151

► Pipelines are the most efficient mode of transportation for various chemicals and are considered as safe, yet pipeline incidents remain occurring. Corrosion is one of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Dynamic Bayesian Network; risk assessment; subsea pipeline; internal corrosion; probability distribution; probability of failure on demand

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APA (6^th Edition):

Palaniappan, V. (2018). Pipeline Risk Assessment Using Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) for Internal Corrosion. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174151

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Palaniappan, Visalatchi. “Pipeline Risk Assessment Using Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) for Internal Corrosion.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174151.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Palaniappan, Visalatchi. “Pipeline Risk Assessment Using Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) for Internal Corrosion.” 2018. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Palaniappan V. Pipeline Risk Assessment Using Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) for Internal Corrosion. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2018. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174151.

Council of Science Editors:

Palaniappan V. Pipeline Risk Assessment Using Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) for Internal Corrosion. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/174151

Texas A&M University

6. Reid, Dariya Konstantinovna. Effect of Divalent Ions on the Structure of Layer by Layer Assemblies.

Degree: PhD, Chemical Engineering, 2016, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156972

► The effects of ion concentration and type on the structural and fundamental property changes in poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDAC) / poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) layer-by-layer (LbL) assemblies… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: swelling; PDAC; PSS; layer-by-layer; LbL; polyelectrolyte multilayers; multivalent ions; QCM-D; MDSC

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reid, D. K. (2016). Effect of Divalent Ions on the Structure of Layer by Layer Assemblies. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156972

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reid, Dariya Konstantinovna. “Effect of Divalent Ions on the Structure of Layer by Layer Assemblies.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156972.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reid, Dariya Konstantinovna. “Effect of Divalent Ions on the Structure of Layer by Layer Assemblies.” 2016. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Reid DK. Effect of Divalent Ions on the Structure of Layer by Layer Assemblies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156972.

Council of Science Editors:

Reid DK. Effect of Divalent Ions on the Structure of Layer by Layer Assemblies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156972

Texas A&M University

7. Rosas Martinez, Camilo Andres. Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT) Studies: Effect of Non-Uniform Obstacle Distribution on DDT.

Degree: PhD, Materials Science and Engineering, 2016, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156943

► Most of the previous work has been guided towards the understanding of this phenomenon under a uniform obstacle distribution, i.e., same obstacle shape, blockage ratio,… (more)

▼ Most of the previous work has been guided towards the understanding of this phenomenon under a uniform obstacle distribution, i.e., same obstacle shape, blockage ratio, and gap between obstacles. However, industrial facilities lack this uniform obstruction arrangement. This research aimed to gain a better understanding of which non-uniform obstacle distribution enhances or weakens the flame acceleration. For this research, a 2.77 m long detonation tube with an internal diameter of 0.04 m was utilized. For the purpose of this investigation, a rig characterization was first performed to determine if a series of explosions under the same conditions was repeatable; the obtained responses showed similar behavior. Then, a Taguchi design of experiments was used. In this matrix, the parameters that were modified were: fuel type, obstacle shape, blockage ratio, and obstacle distribution. In general, each experiment consisted of nine obstacles inserted into the first meter of the detonation tube. The obstruction in each experiment had the same shape, but different blockage ratio and spacing between the obstacles. It was found that block-shaped obstacles with a decreasing blockage ratio and a ?staggered? obstacle distribution had the highest tendency to promote the flame acceleration and, consequently, minimize the run-up distance to obtain a detonation. In contrast, experiments that had ring-shaped obstacles with an increasing blockage ratio and a ?variation? obstacle distribution have an adverse effect on the flame acceleration and, consequently, maximize the distance at which DDT is observed. Finally, the responses obtained from a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model were compared against data available in the literature and the experimental data obtained in this research. Even though this CFD model does not predict precisely the onset of DDT, it estimates the likelihood for having the onset of a detonation. In general, the CFD code predicts that the scenario that promotes a faster flame acceleration uses block-shaped obstacles with an equal blockage ratio and a ?staggered? obstacle distribution. While the scenario that slows down the flame acceleration is given by ring-shaped obstacles with an increasing blockage ratio and a ?variation? obstacle distribution. These trends agree with those from the experiment. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), Petersen, Eric L (advisor), Jeong, Hae-Kwon (committee member), Cheng, Zhengdong (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT); run-up distance; pressure; velocity; CJ conditions

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rosas Martinez, C. A. (2016). Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT) Studies: Effect of Non-Uniform Obstacle Distribution on DDT. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156943

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rosas Martinez, Camilo Andres. “Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT) Studies: Effect of Non-Uniform Obstacle Distribution on DDT.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156943.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rosas Martinez, Camilo Andres. “Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT) Studies: Effect of Non-Uniform Obstacle Distribution on DDT.” 2016. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Rosas Martinez CA. Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT) Studies: Effect of Non-Uniform Obstacle Distribution on DDT. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156943.

Council of Science Editors:

Rosas Martinez CA. Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT) Studies: Effect of Non-Uniform Obstacle Distribution on DDT. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156943

Texas A&M University

8. Gopalaswami, Nirupama. Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Liquefied Natural Gas Pool Spreading and Vaporization on Water.

Degree: PhD, Chemical Engineering, 2016, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156950

► Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is a cryogenic liquid consisting predominantly of methane compressed to 1/600th of its gaseous volume for transportation. A release of LNG… (more)

▼ Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is a cryogenic liquid consisting predominantly of methane compressed to 1/600th of its gaseous volume for transportation. A release of LNG on water during marine operations can occur due to several factors. Upon release, a spreading liquid can form a pool with rapid vaporization, leading to the formation of a flammable vapor cloud. Safety analyses for the protection of the public and property involve the determination of consequences of such releases. The evaluation of consequences resulting from a spill of LNG on water involves the determination of the rate (vaporization rate/source-term) at which flammable hydrocarbon vapor is produced and the dynamics of the spreading pool. Two key parameters which affect pool spreading and vaporization, namely the heat flux to the LNG pool and the turbulence present within the cryogenic pool, are quantified separately through experiments. The heat flux from two different substrates comprised of water and ice is studied. The vaporization mass flux is directly influenced by the water temperature and the release rate. Similarly, the vaporization mass flux is directly influenced by the ice temperature when cryogenic liquid is released on ice. The experiment for quantification of turbulence present in cryogenic pool was performed using a high-speed camera. Flow visualization for turbulence quantification revealed the presence of wavy-structures called ?thermals? which catalyzed the vaporization process of cryogenic liquid released on water. The results of key parameters study are implemented in CFD methodology to study the pool spreading and vaporization behavior. The CFD model is validated with an LNG experiment which simulates the LNG spill in space enclosed by two LNG ships during loading operations. The results of the research can be used for decision making in facility siting studies and emergency response planning for near shore/waterfront LNG facilities. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), Anand, N.K (committee member), Holste, James (committee member), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: LNG; CFD; Consequence Analysis; Source Term; Process Safety

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gopalaswami, N. (2016). Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Liquefied Natural Gas Pool Spreading and Vaporization on Water. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156950

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gopalaswami, Nirupama. “Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Liquefied Natural Gas Pool Spreading and Vaporization on Water.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156950.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gopalaswami, Nirupama. “Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Liquefied Natural Gas Pool Spreading and Vaporization on Water.” 2016. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Gopalaswami N. Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Liquefied Natural Gas Pool Spreading and Vaporization on Water. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156950.

Council of Science Editors:

Gopalaswami N. Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Liquefied Natural Gas Pool Spreading and Vaporization on Water. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/156950

Texas A&M University

9. Richardson, Joshua Paul. Facility Siting and Layout Optimization for Risk Reduction of Offshore Operations.

Degree: 2015, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155493

► An MINLP optimization model has been created that optimizes the layout of a set of sections with fixed footprint areas bound to an offshore platform… (more)

▼ An MINLP optimization model has been created that optimizes the layout of a set of sections with fixed footprint areas bound to an offshore platform of a given size based on safety considerations due to fire, explosion, and toxic scenarios. Process parameters are used to estimate the probability of an event as well as the magnitude of the possible impact on other sections, which can be weighted in importance in the objective. The magnitude of the impact is directly dependent on several factors: the spacing between the sections, the congestion in the general vicinity of the section, escape routes, and domino effects of fire and explosion. Explosion modeling is carried out both for vapor cloud explosions ignited within the area that they are created, and dispersed flammable clouds with footprints based on weather conditions, congestion, and process conditions. Modeling uses an approximation to the TNO multi-energy method which takes into account the amount of congestion and confinement in the area and the size of the flammable cloud. Fire modeling is used to ascertain the adequacy of layout of both sections and muster points that the sections are assigned to. Modeling is done using three different correlations for different fire scenarios: pool fire, fireball, and jet fire. Toxic effects of combustion products and escape-hindering effects of smoke production are also incorporated into the model, accounting for weather conditions and local congestion. Toxic modeling is based on the same dispersion modeling estimation as the explosion and fire scearios use and focuses on the effect of hydrogen sulfide leaks causing incapacitation, escape difficulties due to eye irritation and disorientation, and death. Dispersion modeling to determine effects of smoke, dispersed gas clouds, and toxic vapors is carried out in three-dimensions using the CFD software FLACS and the anticipated congestion model (ACM), a method that has not yet been applied to generalized dispersion. The results are correlated to an expression as a function of flow rate, congestion, windspeed, and their interactions that can be used in the optimization formulation. Mitigations are also considered; blast walls and fire walls, both ideal (non-failing) and with failure mechanisms, are incorporated into the model as a key component considered during the layout. It is shown that the model is a positive step into an area that has sparsely been considered, contributing a framework for the integrated consideration and minimization of several key risk factors in the offshore realm that, as yet, have been unexplored from the numerical optimization viewpoint. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud (committee member), Holste, James (committee member), Uster, Halit (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Facility Siting; Facility Layout; Optimization; Offshore; Risk Assessment; Explosion; Fire; Toxic

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APA (6^th Edition):

Richardson, J. P. (2015). Facility Siting and Layout Optimization for Risk Reduction of Offshore Operations. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155493

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Richardson, Joshua Paul. “Facility Siting and Layout Optimization for Risk Reduction of Offshore Operations.” 2015. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155493.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Richardson, Joshua Paul. “Facility Siting and Layout Optimization for Risk Reduction of Offshore Operations.” 2015. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Richardson JP. Facility Siting and Layout Optimization for Risk Reduction of Offshore Operations. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155493.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Richardson JP. Facility Siting and Layout Optimization for Risk Reduction of Offshore Operations. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155493

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

10. Lamus Gualdron, Guido Alexander. Comparative Analysis Between LNG Import and Export Terminals.

Degree: 2016, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157136

► According to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA), the natural gas consumption in the US was 1,726 billion cubic feet in January 2013, and the… (more)

▼ According to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA), the natural gas consumption in the US was 1,726 billion cubic feet in January 2013, and the demand has been increasing rapidly around the world as natural gas becomes the fuel of choice for electric power providers. In order to supply this demand, the US economic interest was focused on the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) import terminals installation. However, since 2009, due to dramatic changes in gas production and economy the US has become a net exporter of natural gas. The interest for minimizing the negative consequences associated with LNG terminals has emerged by focusing on the potential damages that may be generated by the flammable and cryogenic characteristics of LNG such as vapor cloud, flash fires, and pool fires. LNG research and regulation have been successfully applied for providing safer conditions at the LNG import terminals. However, the integration of export terminals into the existing LNG network requires a thorough revision of the new challenges imposed by the specific conditions related to the liquefaction facilities. It is intended to determine the exclusion zones for these two particular scenarios through the utilization of PHAST in order to estimate the areas where people, property, or the environment would be more severely affected. A revision about the parameters proposed by the normativity for the estimation of the exclusion zones, in contrast to the particular conditions that might affect the plants located on coastal areas is performed. Additionally, this project seeks to integrate the predicted consequences into real world scenarios by including the implementation of a Geographic Information System (GIS). The georeferenced data will to identify the potential vulnerable areas located near to the LNG facilities. The main goal intended in this project by the combination of these two computational tools (PHAST model and GIS) is to reduce the gap between the consequence estimation of LNG catastrophic events and the incorporation of these results in a real world environment. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), El-Halwagu, Mahmoud (committee member), Damjanovic, Ivan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: LNG; safety; terminals

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lamus Gualdron, G. A. (2016). Comparative Analysis Between LNG Import and Export Terminals. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157136

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lamus Gualdron, Guido Alexander. “Comparative Analysis Between LNG Import and Export Terminals.” 2016. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157136.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lamus Gualdron, Guido Alexander. “Comparative Analysis Between LNG Import and Export Terminals.” 2016. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Lamus Gualdron GA. Comparative Analysis Between LNG Import and Export Terminals. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157136.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lamus Gualdron GA. Comparative Analysis Between LNG Import and Export Terminals. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157136

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

11. Marek, Jake Allen. Land-use Planning in Relation to Chemical Facilities and Associated Issues in the U.S.

Degree: 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161292

► Low probability, high consequence events within the oil, gas and chemical industries can have devastating effects on employees, facilities, companies, and the surrounding communities. Incidents… (more)

▼ Low probability, high consequence events within the oil, gas and chemical industries can have devastating effects on employees, facilities, companies, and the surrounding communities. Incidents such as the Bhopal gas leak and the explosion in West, Texas highlight the need for preventative measures such as land-use planning (LUP). LUP is the process of analyzing and assessing potential hazards in facilities to mitigate the effects of such events by taking into consideration their impact when decisions are made concerning the siting of new facilities, modification of existing facilities and the proposal for new developments near existing facilities. Unfortunately, a method of best practice for LUP in the United States has yet to be identified. Implementation of LUP is complicated by various approaches, methodologies, government enforcement and factors that must be considered. Yet, it is clear that action is necessary to protect local communities and mitigate the effects of incidents at hazardous chemical facilities. LUP policies throughout the world have been implemented based upon the three main approaches of generic safety distances, consequences, and risks. Countries are actively practicing aspects of each approach, with the latter two used more extensively. Each approach and policy contains a unique set of pros and cons dependent upon the environment in which it is implemented. Evaluating current approaches, existing LUP policies and identifying the key elements of each are imperative to identifying possible improvements for the United States. Currently in the U.S. there are no federal regulations encompassing LUP for hazardous chemical facilities and the land surrounding them. The authority to regulate private land use has primarily been handed down to the local communities who have historically done very little to mitigating risks. There is a lack of regulations providing guidance for owners/operators of facilities, local communities, and governmental oversight in the event of LUP issues around hazardous chemical facilities. Jurisdiction confusion and the Fifth Amendment, among other factors, create hurdles for implementing and enforcing a LUP policy within the States. Economic diversity between the 50 states of the U.S. further complicates the issue. It would be hard-pressed to implement a single approach that works best for all states. Implementation and best practice of LUP in the U.S. may be a combination of existing approaches from other countries with built in flexibility that allows each state to choose what works best for them. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam M (advisor), Sasangohar, Farzan (committee member), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud M (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Land-use Planning; Chemical Facilities; Facility Siting; Risk-based approach; LUP; LUP in the U.S.; France; Germany; Netherlands; EPA; Major Accident Hazards

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Marek, J. A. (2017). Land-use Planning in Relation to Chemical Facilities and Associated Issues in the U.S. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161292

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marek, Jake Allen. “Land-use Planning in Relation to Chemical Facilities and Associated Issues in the U.S.” 2017. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161292.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marek, Jake Allen. “Land-use Planning in Relation to Chemical Facilities and Associated Issues in the U.S.” 2017. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Marek JA. Land-use Planning in Relation to Chemical Facilities and Associated Issues in the U.S. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161292.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Marek JA. Land-use Planning in Relation to Chemical Facilities and Associated Issues in the U.S. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161292

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

12. Hong, Yizhi. Application of Fuzzy Logic to Quantify the Uncertainty in Layer of Protection Analysis.

Degree: 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161293

► Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) is a widely used semi-quantitative risk assessment method. LOPA includes both frequency and consequence expressed in an order of magnitude… (more)

▼ Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) is a widely used semi-quantitative risk assessment method. LOPA includes both frequency and consequence expressed in an order of magnitude approximation. Compared with Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA), LOPA provides a simplified but less precise method to assess the effectiveness of protection layers and the risk reduction of an incident scenario. The outcome frequency and consequence of LOPA are intended to be conservative, which makes the risk overestimated. A high risk indicates the requirement of additional Independent Protection Layers (IPLs), which calls for higher installation and maintenance costs. There are different sources and types of uncertainty in LOPA model that need to be identified and quantified. Fuzzy logic is a method to deal with systems that are too complex or not clearly defined. Using fuzzy arithmetic, imperfect data are analyzed in a natural and flexible way. Through the application of fuzzy logic, uncertainty from data and experience from experts can be quantified, and a more accurate and precise risk value can be obtained. Various types of fuzzy logic systems, including type-1 fuzzy logic and type-2 fuzzy logic are studied in this work. The goal of this work is to increase the accuracy and precision of LOPA model while retaining its simplicity. A probabilistic and fuzzy logic hybrid approach is developed to deal with the uncertainty in failure rate data. This method facilitates a more accurate and precise failure rate database considering generic database, plant-specific data and expert experience. It has been applied to a distillation system, with a capacity to distill 40 tons of flammable n-hexane, and the results show that a more accurate failure rate can be achieved with the available data and expert judgment. Furthermore, a type-2 fuzzy logic risk matrix is developed to increase the precision of a risk matrix. This new method also provides an efficient way to aggregate several risk matrices into one universal risk matrix. Its application to aggregate three standard risk matrices has been shown through a case study. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of applying fuzzy logic in quantifying uncertainty in layer failure data to be used in LOPA. Fuzzy logic can also be helpful in other types of risk assessment. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), Holste, James (committee member), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud (committee member), Langari, Reza (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Risk Assessment; Layer of protection analysis; fuzzy logic; interval type-2 fuzzy logic

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hong, Y. (2017). Application of Fuzzy Logic to Quantify the Uncertainty in Layer of Protection Analysis. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161293

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hong, Yizhi. “Application of Fuzzy Logic to Quantify the Uncertainty in Layer of Protection Analysis.” 2017. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161293.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hong, Yizhi. “Application of Fuzzy Logic to Quantify the Uncertainty in Layer of Protection Analysis.” 2017. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Hong Y. Application of Fuzzy Logic to Quantify the Uncertainty in Layer of Protection Analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161293.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hong Y. Application of Fuzzy Logic to Quantify the Uncertainty in Layer of Protection Analysis. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161293

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

13. Lin, Yan-Ru. Droplet Analysis and Flame Propagation Study for Paraffin Aerosols Generated by Improved Electrospray Device.

Degree: 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161348

► Throughout the process industries, there have been numerous fire and explosion incidents related to aerosols. Aerosols may form from rapid condensation of vapor or accidental… (more)

▼ Throughout the process industries, there have been numerous fire and explosion incidents related to aerosols. Aerosols may form from rapid condensation of vapor or accidental leakage of pressurized liquid. However, their hazards are relatively unfocused and the data pertinent to aerosols are scarce compared to vapor and dust. In this research, the electrospray system used to generate aerosol was improved, and the major controlling parameters which affect aerosol quality were studied. Finally, the flame speed of aerosol was researched based on the improvement and findings of stable operation parameters. The main objective of this study was to advance the understanding of aerosol flame propagation behavior, which provides insight regarding reaction kinetics and pressure rise per unit time. This was made possible by modifying a previous electrospray device. The electrospray was improved by redesigning the whole system. The nozzle packing density was increased by five times, and the electrical force on each nozzle was more uniform. The concentration of aerosol was further promoted by applying a flat grounded mesh and a cylindrical grounded mesh. The operating parameters of electrospray were also discussed, including additive, liquid flow rate and applied voltage. Amongst the four types of additives tested, Stadis 450 was the most effective one to facilitate the breakup of droplets. The amount of additive also affected the droplet size distribution. Therefore, the type and amount of additive should be selected carefully to reach the balance of small droplet size and uniform size distribution. This also applied to the liquid flow rate and voltage, and a stable operating region was proposed based on the liquid flow rate and voltage. Electrospray should be operated in this region to conduct consistent studies. Enhanced aerosol flame speed was observed in a certain ?transition droplet size range.? A theoretical calculation was provided to describe the aerosol flame propagation. Although it failed to predict the location of transition range, the estimation of flame speed was improved. An empirical analysis was also proposed to correlate the relationship between the aerosol flame speed, droplet size and liquid properties. The fitting to the experimental results was fairly successful, which indicates the proposed relationship can be considered to further improve the theoretical models. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), Cheng, Zhengdong (committee member), Holste, James (committee member), Petersen, Eric (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: aerosol; flame speed

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lin, Y. (2017). Droplet Analysis and Flame Propagation Study for Paraffin Aerosols Generated by Improved Electrospray Device. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161348

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lin, Yan-Ru. “Droplet Analysis and Flame Propagation Study for Paraffin Aerosols Generated by Improved Electrospray Device.” 2017. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161348.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lin, Yan-Ru. “Droplet Analysis and Flame Propagation Study for Paraffin Aerosols Generated by Improved Electrospray Device.” 2017. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Lin Y. Droplet Analysis and Flame Propagation Study for Paraffin Aerosols Generated by Improved Electrospray Device. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161348.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lin Y. Droplet Analysis and Flame Propagation Study for Paraffin Aerosols Generated by Improved Electrospray Device. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161348

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

14. Chen, Shiqi. Comparison of Batch versus Continuous Process in Pharmaceutical Industry Based on Safety Consideration.

Degree: 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161373

► As opposed to the petro-chemical and bulk chemical industry, where continuous processes are widely applied, the pharmaceutical industry still primarily relies on traditional batch process… (more)

▼ As opposed to the petro-chemical and bulk chemical industry, where continuous processes are widely applied, the pharmaceutical industry still primarily relies on traditional batch process due to the complexity of product, multi-step operation and low-volume production. Considering these conditions, the versatile batch process is more appropriate. Nowadays, driven by the contradiction between increasing demand for drugs and inefficient batch production mode, there is a trend in pharmaceutical industry, that is the transformation from traditional batch process to novel continuous process. Related projects and research that is aimed at analyzing this transition are conducted in worldwide, and the scale of these studies ranges from lab-scale reactions to overall arrangement of the factories. Although continuous pharmaceutical process is thriving, the safety issue in this field is not promoted at the same time. Since the continuous pharmaceutical process is a novel technology, little information can be provided to evaluate its safety level. Moreover, process conditions are usually intensified for continuous process comparing to batch process. It also may bring potential risks and make continuous manufacturing inappropriate for some of pharmaceutical productions. This research provides a comprehensive comparison for batch versus continuous pharmaceutical process by application of Dow?s Fire and Explosion Index. In addition to this conventional safety evaluation, influences from production efficiency and specialties in pharmaceutical production are integrated into the comparison. Production of 2-methyl benzimidazole and peracetic acid via batch and continuous processes are conducted in this research. In these integrative and systematic studies, F&EI values for both cases are higher for continuous processes than batch processes, hence the higher safety level of the continuous process is demonstrated. The ways in which process conditions, production efficiency, and other requirements influence safety level for different production modes are illustrated. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam M (advisor), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud M (committee member), Morrison, Gerald L (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Continuous Process; Hazard Identification

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, S. (2017). Comparison of Batch versus Continuous Process in Pharmaceutical Industry Based on Safety Consideration. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161373

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Shiqi. “Comparison of Batch versus Continuous Process in Pharmaceutical Industry Based on Safety Consideration.” 2017. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161373.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Shiqi. “Comparison of Batch versus Continuous Process in Pharmaceutical Industry Based on Safety Consideration.” 2017. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Chen S. Comparison of Batch versus Continuous Process in Pharmaceutical Industry Based on Safety Consideration. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161373.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chen S. Comparison of Batch versus Continuous Process in Pharmaceutical Industry Based on Safety Consideration. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161373

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

15. Guarguati Ariza, Juliana Andrea. Systemic Approach to Improve Learning from Incidents.

Degree: 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161386

► Learning from incidents has always been very challenging for industry and regulators due to the associated complexity in human and organizational behavior. In spite of… (more)

▼ Learning from incidents has always been very challenging for industry and regulators due to the associated complexity in human and organizational behavior. In spite of the efforts and resources spent on incident investigation processes and organizational learning techniques, the outcome has not shown a significant improvement. Chemical process incidents such as Texas City Refinery explosion, T2 Laboratories explosion, and West Fertilizer explosion continue to occur. It is evident that as an industry, organizations are continually failing to learn from the past incidents. The question is if organizations are ready to learn, are they following the right learning approach? Organizations should adopt a systemic learning approach where the collected knowledge is leveraged in order to enhance the performance of the safety management systems and consequently prevent future incidents. The objective of this research is set to enhance our understanding on how a company and the industry as a whole learn from past incidents and define the key elements to improve the systemic learning. This study was divided into four main phases: identification of the learning system, development of a learning process and a proposed incident investigation process and finally the validation of the proposed incident investigation process through a case study. First, the learning system for the chemical and oil and gas industry, the different types of learning, and the entities involved in it has been characterized. Based on the results, some limitations on the system were identified and discussed. Secondly, a systemic process for improving learning from incidents has been developed based on the identified limitations of the learning system. The proposed process provides a holistic view of the learning process and explored the concept of knowledge management into safety systems. Likewise, it provides guidelines of how learning systems can be executed within the organization and how to support the implementation of safety knowledge inside of it. Third, an incident investigation process has been proposed to provide additional sources of information into the analysis, in order to support the identification of root causes and the required changes in the management systems of the organization. The process that has been developed enhances understanding of how to get information and transform it into valuable recommendations that can be implemented in their processes. Finally, the proposed process has been explained through a case study. The obtained results provide a clear picture of how an incident investigation report can be enhanced through this process. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud (committee member), Peres, Camille (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Learning from incidents; organizational learning; learning from experience; safety knowledge; incident investigation process

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APA (6^th Edition):

Guarguati Ariza, J. A. (2017). Systemic Approach to Improve Learning from Incidents. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161386

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guarguati Ariza, Juliana Andrea. “Systemic Approach to Improve Learning from Incidents.” 2017. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161386.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guarguati Ariza, Juliana Andrea. “Systemic Approach to Improve Learning from Incidents.” 2017. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Guarguati Ariza JA. Systemic Approach to Improve Learning from Incidents. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161386.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Guarguati Ariza JA. Systemic Approach to Improve Learning from Incidents. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161386

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

16. Ade, Nilesh. Studying the Relationship between Inherently Safer Design and Equipment Reliability.

Degree: 2017, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161389

► During the last decade, inherent safety has emerged as an area of interest in both academic and industrial research. Various regulatory bodies (including US environment… (more)

▼ During the last decade, inherent safety has emerged as an area of interest in both academic and industrial research. Various regulatory bodies (including US environment protection agency) have enforced the consideration of inherently safer design alternatives. This enforcement, however, may not serve the purpose of reducing the frequency of process incidents due to the drawbacks such as risk migration associated with inherent design philosophy. This study focuses on analyzing the relationship between inherent safety and reliability as chemical project proceeds from initial to later stages of design. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the possibility of risk escalation caused due to lowering of system reliability during implementation of inherent safety principles applied with an objective to lower the consequence element of risk. This lowering of system reliability can increase the likelihood of a process incident, thus resulting in an increased risk, ultimately defeating the purpose of applying the inherent design philosophy. The developed methodology involves quantifying inherent safety based on the design stage under consideration using a quantification technique that utilizes process data available during that stage of design. This is followed by determining reliability and availability of the system using reliability databases or static reliability modeling for various design alternatives considered during that design stage. Lastly, the trend observed between quantified inherent safety and reliability/availability is used to determine the required relationship. The application of the developed methodology to process selection stage, conceptual stage, and detailed engineering stage reveals that the relationship between inherent safety and reliability (and availability) is complicated and varies as per the design stage under consideration. Thus, an important conclusion that can be drawn from this research is that an inherently safer design may not be associated with higher system reliability and lower risk. Lastly, the developed methodology is validated for the case study of T2 Laboratories explosion and fire. An important observation from these case studies is the ineffectiveness of quantified inherent safety in terms of Dow F&EI to capture the severity of situation revealed by detailed reliability analysis. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), Wortman, Martin (committee member), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: inherent safety; reliability; process design; maintenance

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ade, N. (2017). Studying the Relationship between Inherently Safer Design and Equipment Reliability. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161389

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ade, Nilesh. “Studying the Relationship between Inherently Safer Design and Equipment Reliability.” 2017. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161389.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ade, Nilesh. “Studying the Relationship between Inherently Safer Design and Equipment Reliability.” 2017. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Ade N. Studying the Relationship between Inherently Safer Design and Equipment Reliability. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161389.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ade N. Studying the Relationship between Inherently Safer Design and Equipment Reliability. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/161389

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

17. Sathyamurthi, Vijaykumar. Pool boiling studies on nanotextured surfaces under highly subcooled conditions.

Degree: 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1155

► Subcooled pool boiling on nanotextured surfaces is explored in this study. The experiments are performed in an enclosed viewing chamber. Two silicon wafers are coated… (more)

▼ Subcooled pool boiling on nanotextured surfaces is explored in this study. The experiments are performed in an enclosed viewing chamber. Two silicon wafers are coated with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT), 9 microns (Type-A) and 25 microns (Type-B) in height. A third bare silicon wafer is used for control experiments. The test fluid is PF-5060, a fluoroinert with a boiling point of 56?C (Manufacturer: 3M Co.). The apparatus is of the constant heat flux type. Pool boiling experiments in nucleate and film boiling regimes are reported in this study. Experiments are carried out under low subcooling (5 ?C and 10 ?C) and high subcooling conditions (20?C to ~ 38?C). At approximately 38?C, a non-departing bubble configuration is obtained on a bare silicon wafer. Increase in subcooling is found to enhance the critical heat flux (CHF) and the CHF is found to shift towards higher wall superheats. Presence of MWCNT on the test surface led to an enhancement in heat flux. Potential factors responsible for boiling heat transfer enhancement on heater surfaces coated with MWCNT are identified as follows: a. Enhanced surface area or nano - fin effect b. Higher thermal conductivity of MWCNT than the substrate c. Disruption of vapor-liquid vapor interface in film boiling, and of the ?microlayer? region in nucleate boiling d. Enhanced transient heat transfer caused by local quasi-periodic transient liquid-solid contacts due to presence of the ?hair like? protrusion of the MWCNT e. Enhancement in the size of cold spots f. Pinning of contact line, leading to enhanced surface area underneath the bubble leading to enhanced heat transfer Presence of MWCNT is found to enhance the phase change heat transfer by approximately 400% in nucleate boiling for conditions of low subcooling. The heat transfer enhancement is found to be independent of the height of MWCNT in nucleate boiling regime in the low subcooling cases. About 75%-120% enhancement in heat transfer is observed for surfaces coated with MWCNT under conditions of high subcooling in the nucleate boiling regime. Surfaces coated with Type-B MWCNT show a 75% enhancement in heat transfer in the film boiling regime under conditions of low subcooling. Advisors/Committee Members: Banerjee, Debjyoti (advisor), Anand, N.K. (committee member), Mannan, Sam M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: boiling; carbon nanotubes; subcooled; CHF; Leidenfrost

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sathyamurthi, V. (2009). Pool boiling studies on nanotextured surfaces under highly subcooled conditions. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1155

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sathyamurthi, Vijaykumar. “Pool boiling studies on nanotextured surfaces under highly subcooled conditions.” 2009. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1155.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sathyamurthi, Vijaykumar. “Pool boiling studies on nanotextured surfaces under highly subcooled conditions.” 2009. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Sathyamurthi V. Pool boiling studies on nanotextured surfaces under highly subcooled conditions. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1155.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sathyamurthi V. Pool boiling studies on nanotextured surfaces under highly subcooled conditions. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1155

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

18. Dinh, Linh Thi Thuy. Reactivity of ethylene oxide in contact with contaminants.

Degree: 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2683

► Ethylene oxide (EO) is a very versatile compound with considerable energy in its ring structure. Its reactions proceed mainly via ring opening and are highly… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: reactivity; ethylene oxide; contaminants; adiabatic calorimetry; KOH; NaOH; NH4OH; EDTA

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dinh, L. T. T. (2009). Reactivity of ethylene oxide in contact with contaminants. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2683

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dinh, Linh Thi Thuy. “Reactivity of ethylene oxide in contact with contaminants.” 2009. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2683.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dinh, Linh Thi Thuy. “Reactivity of ethylene oxide in contact with contaminants.” 2009. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Dinh LTT. Reactivity of ethylene oxide in contact with contaminants. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2683.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dinh LTT. Reactivity of ethylene oxide in contact with contaminants. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2683

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

19. Lu, Yuan. Reaction mechanism of cumene hydroperoxide decomposition in cumene and evaluation of its reactivity hazards.

Degree: 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2904

► Cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), a type of organic peroxide, is widely used in the chemical industry for diverse applications. However, it decomposes and undergoes highly exothermic… (more)

▼ Cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), a type of organic peroxide, is widely used in the chemical industry for diverse applications. However, it decomposes and undergoes highly exothermic runaway reactions under high temperature because of its unstable peroxide functional group. The risk of runaway reaction is intensified by the fact that operation temperature of CHP is close to its onset temperature in many cases. To ensure safe handling of CHP in the chemical industry, a lot of research has been done on it including theoretical research at the microscopic level and experimental research at the macroscopic level. However, the unstable radicals in the CHP decomposition reactions make it difficult to study its reaction pathway, and therefore lead to incomplete understanding of the reaction mechanism. The slow progress in theoretical research hinders the application of the theoretical prediction in experimental research. For experimental research, the lack of integration of operational parameters into the reactivity evaluation limits its application in industrial process. In this thesis, a systematic methodology is proposed to evaluate the reactivity hazards of CHP. This methodology is a combination of theoretical research using computational quantum chemistry method and experimental research using RSSTTM. The theoretical research determined the dominant reaction pathway of CHP decomposition reaction through the study of thermodynamic and kinetic stability, which was applied to the analysis of experimental results. The experimental research investigated the effect of CHP concentration on runaway reactions by analyzing the important parameters including temperature, pressure, self-heat rate and pressure rate. This methodology could also be applied to other organic peroxides or other reactive chemicals. The results of theoretical research on reaction mechanism show that there is a dominant reaction pathway, which consumes most of the CHP in decomposition reaction. This conclusion agrees with the experimental results that 40 wt% is a critical point for almost all important parameters of runaway reactions. In the high concentration range above 40 wt%, some unknown reaction pathways are involved in decomposition of CHP because of lack of cumene. The shift of reaction mechanism causes the change of the effect of concentration on runaway reactions. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam M. (advisor), Anthony, Rayford G. (committee member), Banerjee, Debjyoti (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: cumene hydroperoxide; reaction mechanism; reactivity hazards

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lu, Y. (2009). Reaction mechanism of cumene hydroperoxide decomposition in cumene and evaluation of its reactivity hazards. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2904

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lu, Yuan. “Reaction mechanism of cumene hydroperoxide decomposition in cumene and evaluation of its reactivity hazards.” 2009. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2904.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lu, Yuan. “Reaction mechanism of cumene hydroperoxide decomposition in cumene and evaluation of its reactivity hazards.” 2009. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Lu Y. Reaction mechanism of cumene hydroperoxide decomposition in cumene and evaluation of its reactivity hazards. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2904.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lu Y. Reaction mechanism of cumene hydroperoxide decomposition in cumene and evaluation of its reactivity hazards. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2904

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

20. Zuniga, Gerald Alexander. Layer of protection analysis applied to ammonia refrigeration systems.

Degree: 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3133

► Ammonia refrigeration systems are widely used in industry. Demand of these systems is expected to increase due to the advantages of ammonia as refrigerant and… (more)

▼ Ammonia refrigeration systems are widely used in industry. Demand of these systems is expected to increase due to the advantages of ammonia as refrigerant and because ammonia is considered a green refrigerant. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the risks in existing and future ammonia refrigeration systems to ensure their safety. LOPA (Layer of Protection Analysis) is one of the best ways to estimate the risk. It provides quantified risk results with less effort and time than other methods. LOPA analyses one cause-consequence scenario per time. It requires failure data and PFD (Probability of Failure on Demand) of the independent protection layers available to prevent the scenario. Complete application of LOPA requires the estimation of the severity of the consequences and the mitigated frequency of the initiating event for risk calculations. Especially in existing ammonia refrigeration systems, information to develop LOPA is sometimes scarce and uncertain. In these cases, the analysis relies on expert opinion to determine the values of the variables required for risk estimation. Fuzzy Logic has demonstrated to be useful in this situation allowing the construction of expert systems. Based on fuzzy logic, the LOPA method was adapted to represent the knowledge available in standards and good industry practices for ammonia refrigeration. Fuzzy inference systems were developed for severity and risk calculation. Severity fuzzy inference system uses the number of life threatening injuries or deaths, number of injuries and type of medical attention required to calculate the severity risk index. Frequency of the mitigated scenario is calculated using generic data for the initiating event frequency and PFD of the independent protection layers. Finally, the risk fuzzy inference system uses the frequency and severity values obtained to determine the risk of the scenario. The methodology was applied to four scenarios. Risk indexes were calculated and compared with the traditional approach and risk decisions were made. In conclusion, the fuzzy logic LOPA method provides good approximations of the risk for ammonia refrigeration systems. The technique can be useful for risk assessment of existing ammonia refrigeration systems. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam M. (advisor), Hall, Kenneth R. (committee member), Malave, Cesar O. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: LOPA; RISK ASSESSMENT; AMMONIA; REFRIGERATION

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zuniga, G. A. (2009). Layer of protection analysis applied to ammonia refrigeration systems. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3133

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zuniga, Gerald Alexander. “Layer of protection analysis applied to ammonia refrigeration systems.” 2009. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3133.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zuniga, Gerald Alexander. “Layer of protection analysis applied to ammonia refrigeration systems.” 2009. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Zuniga GA. Layer of protection analysis applied to ammonia refrigeration systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3133.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zuniga GA. Layer of protection analysis applied to ammonia refrigeration systems. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3133

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

21. Myint, Lay L. Process analysis and optimization of biodiesel production from vegetable oils.

Degree: 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1267

► The dwindling resources of fossil fuels coupled with the steady increase in energy consumption have spurred research interest in alternative and renewable energy sources. Biodiesel… (more)

▼ The dwindling resources of fossil fuels coupled with the steady increase in energy consumption have spurred research interest in alternative and renewable energy sources. Biodiesel is one of the most promising alternatives for fossil fuels. It can be made from various renewable sources, including recycled oil, and can be utilized in lieu of petroleum-based diesel. To foster market competitiveness for biodiesel, it is necessary to develop cost-effective and technically sound processing schemes, to identify related key design criteria, and optimize performance. The overall goal of this work was to design and optimize biodiesel (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ?FAME?) production from vegetable oil. To achieve this goal, several interconnected research activities were undertaken. First, a base-case flow sheet was developed for the process. The performance of this flow sheet along with the key design and operating criteria were identified by conducting computer-aided simulation using ASPEN Plus. Various scenarios were simulated to provide sufficient understanding and insights. Also, different thermodynamic databases were used for different sections of the process to account for the various characteristics of the streams throughout the process. Next, mass and energy integration studies were performed to reduce the consumption of material and energy utilities, improve environmental impact, and enhance profitability. Finally, capital cost estimation was carried out using the ICARUS Process Evaluator computer-aided tools linked to the results of the ASPEN simulation. The operating cost of the process was estimated using the key information on process operation such as raw materials, utilities, and labor. A profitability analysis was carried out by examining the ROI (Return of Investment) and PP (Payback Period). It was determined that the single most important economic factor is the cost of soybean oil, which accounted for more than 90% of the total annualized cost. Consequently, a sensitivity analysis was performed to examine the effect of soybean oil cost on profitability. It was determined that both ROI and PP quickly deteriorate as the cost of soybean oil increases. Advisors/Committee Members: El-Halwagi, Mahmoud (advisor), Curry, Guy (committee member), Mannan, Sam (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: BIODIESEL; OPTIMIZATION

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Myint, L. L. (2009). Process analysis and optimization of biodiesel production from vegetable oils. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1267

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Myint, Lay L. “Process analysis and optimization of biodiesel production from vegetable oils.” 2009. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1267.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Myint, Lay L. “Process analysis and optimization of biodiesel production from vegetable oils.” 2009. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Myint LL. Process analysis and optimization of biodiesel production from vegetable oils. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1267.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Myint LL. Process analysis and optimization of biodiesel production from vegetable oils. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1267

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

22. Narayanan, Divya. Engineering for sustainable development for bio-diesel production.

Degree: 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1268

► Engineering for Sustainable Development (ESD) is an integrated systems approach, which aims at developing a balance between the requirements of the current stakeholders without compromising… (more)

▼ Engineering for Sustainable Development (ESD) is an integrated systems approach, which aims at developing a balance between the requirements of the current stakeholders without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their needs. This is a multi-criteria decision-making process that involves the identification of the most optimal sustainable process, which satisfies economic, ecological and social criteria as well as safety and health requirements. Certain difficulties are encountered when ESD is applied, such as ill-defined criteria, scarcity of information, lack of process-specific data, metrics, and the need to satisfy multiple decision makers. To overcome these difficulties, ESD can be broken down into three major steps, starting with the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the process, followed by generation of non-dominating alternatives, and finally selecting the most sustainable process by employing an analytic hierarchical selection process. This methodology starts with the prioritization of the sustainability metrics (health and safety, economic, ecological and social components). The alternatives are then subjected to a pair-wise comparison with respect to each Sustainable Development (SD) indicator and prioritized depending on their performance. The SD indicator priority score and each individual alternative?s performance score together are used to determine the most sustainable alternative. The proposed methodology for ESD is applied for bio-diesel production in this thesis. The results obtained for bio-diesel production using the proposed methodology are similar to the alternatives that are considered to be economically and environmentally favorable by both researchers and commercial manufacturers; hence the proposed methodology can be considered to be accurate. The proposed methodology will also find wide range of application as it is flexible and can be used for the sustainable development of a number of systems similar to the bio-diesel production system; it is also user friendly and can be customized with ease. Due to these benefits, the proposed methodology can be considered to be a useful tool for decision making for sustainable development of chemical processes. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam M. (advisor), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud (committee member), Talreja, Ramesh (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Sustainable Development; Bio-Diesel; Life Cycle Assessment; Analytical Hierarchical Process

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APA (6^th Edition):

Narayanan, D. (2009). Engineering for sustainable development for bio-diesel production. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1268

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Narayanan, Divya. “Engineering for sustainable development for bio-diesel production.” 2009. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1268.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Narayanan, Divya. “Engineering for sustainable development for bio-diesel production.” 2009. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Narayanan D. Engineering for sustainable development for bio-diesel production. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1268.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Narayanan D. Engineering for sustainable development for bio-diesel production. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1268

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

23. Zavala Oseguera, Jose Guadalupe. Design of Recycle/Reuse Networks with Thermal Effects and Variable Sources.

Degree: 2010, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-912

► Recycle/reuse networks are commonly used in industrial facilities to conserve natural resources, reduce environmental impact, and improve process economics. The design of these networks is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Design of Recycle/Reuse Networks; Thermal Effects; Optimization Formulation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zavala Oseguera, J. G. (2010). Design of Recycle/Reuse Networks with Thermal Effects and Variable Sources. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-912

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zavala Oseguera, Jose Guadalupe. “Design of Recycle/Reuse Networks with Thermal Effects and Variable Sources.” 2010. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-912.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zavala Oseguera, Jose Guadalupe. “Design of Recycle/Reuse Networks with Thermal Effects and Variable Sources.” 2010. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Zavala Oseguera JG. Design of Recycle/Reuse Networks with Thermal Effects and Variable Sources. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2010. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-912.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zavala Oseguera JG. Design of Recycle/Reuse Networks with Thermal Effects and Variable Sources. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-912

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

24. Serpas, Mitchell Roy. Soft Sensors for Process Monitoring of Complex Processes.

Degree: 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11639

► Soft sensors are an essential component of process systems engineering schemes. While soft sensor design research is important, investigation into the relationships between soft sensors… (more)

▼ Soft sensors are an essential component of process systems engineering schemes. While soft sensor design research is important, investigation into the relationships between soft sensors and other areas of advanced monitoring and control is crucial as well. This dissertation presents two new techniques that enhance the performance of fault detection and sensor network design by integration with soft sensor technology. In addition, a chapter is devoted to the investigation of the proper implementation of one of the most often used soft sensors. The performance advantages of these techniques are illustrated with several cases studies. First, a new approach for fault detection which involves soft sensors for process monitoring is developed. The methodology presented here deals directly with the state estimates that need to be monitored. The advantage of such an approach is that the nonlinear effect of abnormal process conditions on the state variables can be directly observed. The presented technique involves a general framework for using soft sensor design and computation of the statistics that represent normal operating conditions. Second, a method for determining the optimal placement of multiple sensors for processes described by a class of nonlinear dynamic systems is described. This approach is based upon maximizing a criterion, i.e., the determinant, applied to the empirical observability gramian in order to optimize certain properties of the process state estimates. The determinant directly accounts for redundancy of information, however, the resulting optimization problem is nontrivial to solve as it is a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem. This paper also presents a decomposition of the optimization problem such that the formulated sensor placement problem can be solved quickly and accurately on a desktop PC. Many comparative studies, often based upon simulation results, between Extended Kalman filters (EKF) and other estimation methodologies such as Moving Horizon Estimation or Unscented Kalman Filter have been published over the last few years. However, the results returned by the EKF are affected by the algorithm used for its implementation and some implementations may lead to inaccurate results. In order to address this point, this work provides a comparison of several different algorithms for implementation. Advisors/Committee Members: Hahn, Juergen (advisor), Butenko, Sergiy (committee member), Laird, Carl (committee member), Mannan, Sam (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: soft sensors; state estimation; fault detection; sensor network design

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Serpas, M. R. (2012). Soft Sensors for Process Monitoring of Complex Processes. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11639

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Serpas, Mitchell Roy. “Soft Sensors for Process Monitoring of Complex Processes.” 2012. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11639.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Serpas, Mitchell Roy. “Soft Sensors for Process Monitoring of Complex Processes.” 2012. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Serpas MR. Soft Sensors for Process Monitoring of Complex Processes. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11639.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Serpas MR. Soft Sensors for Process Monitoring of Complex Processes. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11639

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

25. Harputlu, Emrah 1986-. A Human Performance Modeling System for Process Safety Operations.

Degree: 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149226

► Operators have a crucial role in case of an emergency in a process facility. When an abnormality occurs in the process, the operator has a… (more)

▼ Operators have a crucial role in case of an emergency in a process facility. When an abnormality occurs in the process, the operator has a limited time to take corrective actions before system safety devices shut down the operation. It is crucial that system designers and safety professionals know about this required time frame before operations are initiated. Specific research goals for this project include the following: * Estimating the standard time data for operators to take corrective actions in emergency situations. * Developing a modeling system, to allow design/process engineers to find the standard time required for the operator(s) to respond in emergency situations. Current standard time data for carrying out tasks cover normal, steady state cases. However, the time required to take action in emergency situations is different than normal cases. Because of the possibility of a process incident and danger, operators make corrective actions faster compared to normal cases. Therefore, current standard time data do not meet the requirement for emergency situations. Shorter standard time data for emergency situations needs to be estimated. Standard time data for emergency situations is estimated by using time studies. Various time study methods were introduced and discussed. MODAPTS is a predetermined time standard method and stands for Modular Arrangement of Predetermined Time Standards, and was used in this project because it is reliable, easy to use and consistent. The methodology adopted for the study required observing several emergency case videos. The operations were decomposed into basic motions (such as walking, hand movement, bend and arise, etc.) by using a video player?s frame by frame feature. The amount of time required to take these basic motions was estimated. These estimated times were then compared to calculations based on MODAPTS, which is a predetermined time standard system. By comparing MODAPTS?s standard time intervals with those estimated from emergency situations, ratios or coefficients have been estimated for the various basic motions (e.g., factors such as 0.9, 0.75, etc.). The estimated coefficients for emergency situations, which are generally around 0.65, were used in developing a modeling system. The user of this modeling system can estimate the required time to take corrective actions in emergency situations as long as he/ she knows the actions need to be taken. Consequently, the time required to take necessary actions in emergency operations will be designed and evaluated in a systematic way to reduce the potential, as well as duration, of an incident. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam M (advisor), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud M (committee member), Curry, Guy L (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: human factors; standard data; Human performance

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APA (6^th Edition):

Harputlu, E. 1. (2013). A Human Performance Modeling System for Process Safety Operations. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149226

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Harputlu, Emrah 1986-. “A Human Performance Modeling System for Process Safety Operations.” 2013. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149226.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Harputlu, Emrah 1986-. “A Human Performance Modeling System for Process Safety Operations.” 2013. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Harputlu E1. A Human Performance Modeling System for Process Safety Operations. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149226.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Harputlu E1. A Human Performance Modeling System for Process Safety Operations. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149226

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

26. Mejia Mejia, Andres Fernando Fernando. Discotic Colloids.

Degree: 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151142

► Many materials and biological systems in nature are suspensions composed of disks, such as clay, asphaltenes, and red blood cells. Despite their natural abundance and… (more)

▼ Many materials and biological systems in nature are suspensions composed of disks, such as clay, asphaltenes, and red blood cells. Despite their natural abundance and wide industrial application, disks are least studied compared to spheres and rods, due to the lack of model systems. In our research, disks at micro-scale were mass-produced with unprecedented uniformity in size and shape, and unique flexibility in the control of lateral size, lateral size polydispersity, shape, and aspect ratio (? = diameter/thickness). This dissertation focuses on two main areas: the study of the discotic colloidal liquid crystal phase transitions and the application of disk-like colloidal systems as Pickering emulsion and Pickering foam stabilizers. First, we engineered two discotic colloidal systems made from organic and inorganic materials. The former is made of ?-eicosene, which is an alkene of 20 carbons. The latter is composed of nano-sheets from exfoliated zirconium phosphate (?-ZrP). Both discotic systems were used to experimentally investigate the liquid crystalline phase transitions (Isotropic-Nematic, Isotropic-Cubic and Isotropic-Columnar). Also, the nematic crystalline phase was studied in detail by embedding it in a translucent and thermo-sensitive hydrogel. This was possible since nematic textures could be formed instantly by ZrP nano-sheets due to their high diameter-thickness ratio. Second, we developed Pickering emulsions and Pickering foams stabilized by high-aspect-ratio nano-sheets. We have also demonstrated for the first time the fabrication of the thinnest amphiphilic Janus and Gemini nano-sheets, which are either surface- or edge-modified plates with a thickness at atomic scale. These nano-sheets were obtained by exfoliating ?-ZrP crystals grafted with a coupling agent of hydrophobic molecules on their edges and outer surfaces. Extending this work, we studied crucial fundamental mechanisms that allow Pickering interfacial stabilization, including the effect on the adsorption properties of particle aspect ratio, concentration, and hydrophobicity. Our study is of great interest in the scientific community due to the difficulty in generating a discotic colloidal system of controllable parameters. Advisors/Committee Members: Cheng, Zhengdong (advisor), Mannan, Sam (advisor), Ugaz, Victor (committee member), Clearfield, Abraham (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Anisotropic particles; Liquid crystals; Pickering stabilization

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mejia Mejia, A. F. F. (2013). Discotic Colloids. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151142

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mejia Mejia, Andres Fernando Fernando. “Discotic Colloids.” 2013. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151142.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mejia Mejia, Andres Fernando Fernando. “Discotic Colloids.” 2013. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Mejia Mejia AFF. Discotic Colloids. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151142.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mejia Mejia AFF. Discotic Colloids. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151142

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

27. Castellanos Duarte, Diana Yazmin. The Influence of Particle Size and Crystalline Level on the Combustion Characteristics of Particulated Solids.

Degree: 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151190

► Over the past years, catastrophic dust explosion incidents have caused numerous injuries, fatalities and economical losses. Dust explosions are rapid exothermic reactions that take place… (more)

▼ Over the past years, catastrophic dust explosion incidents have caused numerous injuries, fatalities and economical losses. Dust explosions are rapid exothermic reactions that take place when a combustible dust is mixed with air in the presence of an ignition source within a confined space. A variety of strategies are currently available to prevent dust explosion accidents. However, the recurrence of these tragic events confirms flaws in process safety for dust handling industries. This dissertation reports advances in different approaches that can be followed to prevent and mitigate dust explosions. For this research, a 36 L dust explosion vessel was designed, assembled and automated to perform controlled dust explosion experiments. First, we explored the effect of size polydispersity on the evolution of aluminum dust explosions. By modifying systematically the span of the particle size distribution we demonstrated the dramatic effect of polydispersity on the initiation and propagation of aluminum dust explosions. A semi-empirical combustion model was used to quantify the laminar burning velocity at varying particle size. Moreover, correlations between ignition sensitivity and rate of pressure rise with polydispersity were developed. Second, we analyzed the effect of particle size and crystalline levels in the decomposition reactions of explosion inhibitor agents (i.e., phosphates). We fractionated ammonium phosphate- monobasic (NH_4H_2PO_4) and dibasic ((NH_4)_2HPO_4) at different size ranges, and synthesized zirconium phosphate (Zr(HPO_4)_2?H_2O) at varying size and crystalline levels. Particle size was found to be crucial to improve the rate of heat absorption of each inhibitor. A simplified model was developed to identify factors dominating the efficiency of dust explosion inhibitors. Finally, we conducted computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations to predict overpressures in dust explosions vented through ducts in large scale scenarios. We particularly focused on the adverse effects caused by flow restrictions in vent ducts. Critical parameters, including ignition position, geometric configuration of the vent duct, and obstructions of outflow such as bends and panels were investigated. Comparison between simulation and experimental results elucidated potential improvements in available guidelines. The theoretical analyses complemented the experimental work to provide a better understanding of the effects of particle size on the evolution of dust explosions. Furthermore, the validation of advanced simulation tools is considered crucial to overcome current limitations in predicting dust explosions in large scale scenarios. Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), Cheng, Zhengdong (committee member), Radovic, Miladin (committee member), Petersen, Eric L. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Dust Explosion; Aluminum dust; Polydispersity; Venting; DESC; Inerting; Suppression

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Castellanos Duarte, D. Y. (2013). The Influence of Particle Size and Crystalline Level on the Combustion Characteristics of Particulated Solids. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151190

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Castellanos Duarte, Diana Yazmin. “The Influence of Particle Size and Crystalline Level on the Combustion Characteristics of Particulated Solids.” 2013. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151190.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Castellanos Duarte, Diana Yazmin. “The Influence of Particle Size and Crystalline Level on the Combustion Characteristics of Particulated Solids.” 2013. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Castellanos Duarte DY. The Influence of Particle Size and Crystalline Level on the Combustion Characteristics of Particulated Solids. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151190.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Castellanos Duarte DY. The Influence of Particle Size and Crystalline Level on the Combustion Characteristics of Particulated Solids. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151190

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

28. Reid, Dariya. Curvature-directed Crystallization of Polymer Dielectrics in Nanopores.

Degree: 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151830

► The formation of isotactic poly(propylene) (iPP) and polycarbonate (PC) nanowires of tunable diameter was demonstrated by melt-wetting the polymer into nanoporous anodic alumina. The crystallization… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: isotactic poly(propylene); confinement effects; Avrami kinetics; directed crystallization; anodic aluminum oxide; nanowires

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Reid, D. (2013). Curvature-directed Crystallization of Polymer Dielectrics in Nanopores. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151830

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reid, Dariya. “Curvature-directed Crystallization of Polymer Dielectrics in Nanopores.” 2013. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151830.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reid, Dariya. “Curvature-directed Crystallization of Polymer Dielectrics in Nanopores.” 2013. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Reid D. Curvature-directed Crystallization of Polymer Dielectrics in Nanopores. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151830.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Reid D. Curvature-directed Crystallization of Polymer Dielectrics in Nanopores. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151830

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

29. Pineda Solano, Alba Lucia. Design of Inherently Safer Complex Reactive Processes: Application on the N-Oxidation of Alkylpyridines.

Degree: 2014, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152804

► Alkylpyridine N-oxides are important intermediates in the pharmaceutical industry. The N-oxides are produced via the homogeneously catalyzed N-oxidation of the respective alkylpyridines using hydrogen peroxide… (more)

▼ Alkylpyridine N-oxides are important intermediates in the pharmaceutical industry. The N-oxides are produced via the homogeneously catalyzed N-oxidation of the respective alkylpyridines using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizing agent and phosphotungstic acid as the catalyst. The N-oxidation is accompanied by the undesired, condition-dependent decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. A runaway of this reaction may result in a rapid generation of oxygen and temperature rise in the alkylpyridine flammable environment, with the additional potential to overpressurize the reaction vessel and/or trigger secondary decompositions of the product. The decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is exacerbated during the N-oxidation of higher order alkylpyridines due to the mass transfer resistance caused by the formation of an organic phase and an aqueous phase. The water-soluble catalyst promotes severe decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, jeopardizing the safety of the process, and reducing its efficiency. This research focused on the development of a more efficient and inherently safer process for the N-oxidation of alkylpyridines. Isothermal calorimetry, incorporating a factorial design of experiments (DOE), was used to study operating conditions that minimize the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Adiabatic calorimetry was used to study the thermal stability of alkylpyridines and their N-oxides. The compounds studied in this work included 3-picoline, 3,5-lutidine, 2,6-lutidine and 2,4,6-collidine, and their corresponding N-oxides. In addition, this research evaluated the use of in-situ FTIR spectroscopy to monitor this reaction system. Thermal stability analyses showed that the alkylpyridines studied are stable up to 400 ?C, while the corresponding N-oxides decompose significantly above 230 ?C. The factorial DOE revealed that the conversion of 3-picoline is most influenced by the interaction between the factors catalyst mass and dosing rate. Conversions of 3-picoline and 3,5-lutidine obtained were as high as 98% and 95%, respectively, using only a stoichiometric amount of hydrogen peroxide. Significant decomposition was observed during the N-oxidation of 2,6-lutidine and 2,4,6-collidine. Knowledge acquired on the N-oxidation of alkylpyridines indicates that reaction efficiency, selectivity and safety can be greatly improved a) by increasing the operating temperature and using a system working under pressure, and b) in the case of the higher order alkylpyridines, by avoiding operating conditions where a heterogeneous mixture is formed. This work demonstrates the complexity and the multiple studies required for the design of inherently safer reactive processes and it can serve as a model for similar studies on different complex reactions and in the development of inherently safer reactor design. This research focused on the development of a more efficient and inherently safer process for the N-oxidation of alkylpyridines. Isothermal calorimetry, incorporating a factorial design of experiments (DOE), was used to study operating… Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud (committee member), Glover, Charles (committee member), Banerjee, Debjyoti (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Inherently safer design; reaction calorimety; adiabatic calorimetry; N-oxidation; alkylpyridines

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pineda Solano, A. L. (2014). Design of Inherently Safer Complex Reactive Processes: Application on the N-Oxidation of Alkylpyridines. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152804

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pineda Solano, Alba Lucia. “Design of Inherently Safer Complex Reactive Processes: Application on the N-Oxidation of Alkylpyridines.” 2014. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152804.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pineda Solano, Alba Lucia. “Design of Inherently Safer Complex Reactive Processes: Application on the N-Oxidation of Alkylpyridines.” 2014. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Pineda Solano AL. Design of Inherently Safer Complex Reactive Processes: Application on the N-Oxidation of Alkylpyridines. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152804.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pineda Solano AL. Design of Inherently Safer Complex Reactive Processes: Application on the N-Oxidation of Alkylpyridines. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152804

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

30. Benavides Serrano, Alberto J. Mathematical Programming Formulations for the Optimal Placement of Imperfect Detectors with Applications to Flammable Gas Detection and Mitigation Systems.

Degree: 2014, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153985

► The placement of detectors in mitigation systems is a difficult problem usually addressed in the industry via qualitative and semiquantative approaches. Simplifications are used to… (more)

▼ The placement of detectors in mitigation systems is a difficult problem usually addressed in the industry via qualitative and semiquantative approaches. Simplifications are used to circumvent difficulties regarding problem size, parameter uncertainty, and lack of information concerning leak development. Given recent improvement of consequence modeling tools, the use of a stochastic Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation (SP) was previously proposed to quantitatively approach this problem. This formulation minimizes the expected damage over a large set of gas leak scenarios while assuming perfect detectors. In reality gas detectors are prone to false positives and false negatives. Two solutions are usually implemented in the process industries. First, additional confirmation from several detectors (i.e., voting) is required before emergency actions are triggered in order to avoid false positives. Second, in order to avoid false negatives, the unavailability of the detectors is considered in the placement strategy. Unavailability corresponds to the probability that the detector will not be able to perform its intended function when required. In the first part of this dissertation, two problem formulations were developed and validated to address the issue of imperfect detectors: minimization of expected damage considering unavailability (SP-U) and minimization of the expected damage considering unavailability and voting (SP-UV). SP-U and SP-UV placement results were compared with those obtained assuming perfect detectors. Results demonstrate that explicit consideration of unavailability and voting effects alters the final detector placement. Quantitative risk can be significantly higher if we neglect these issues when solving for the optimal placement. Furthermore, SP-UV placement results were compared with those of four existing approaches for gas detector placement using three different performance metrics in accordance to the objectives of gas detection systems. Results provide further evidence on the effectiveness of the use of dispersion simulations, and mathematical programming, to supplement the gas detector placement problem. Formulation SP-U assumes a uniform unavailability across all detector types and locations. In the second part of this work, this assumption is relaxed via formulation SPqt, which considers non-uniform dynamic detector unavailabilities. Relaxing this assumption results in a Mixed-Integer NonLinear Programming (MINLP) formulation. SPqt, being an extension of SP-U, explicitly considers di?erent backup detection levels, allowing an approximation where the maximum degree of the nonlinear products considered can be determined by the modeler. The effect of reducing the number of detection levels was analyzed. For the problem, results shown that two detection levels are sufficient to find objective values within 1% of the optimal solution. Considering two detection levels reduces the MINLP formulation to a zero-one quadratic formulation (SPqt-Q). A solution quality comparison between… Advisors/Committee Members: Mannan, Sam (advisor), Laird, Carl (advisor), El-Halwagi, Mahmoud (committee member), Wortman, Martin (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Gas Detection; Process Safety; Detector Placement; Stochastic Programming; Mixed-Integer Linear Programming; Mixed-Integer NonLinear Programming; Unavailability; Reliability; Backup Coverage; Voting

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Benavides Serrano, A. J. (2014). Mathematical Programming Formulations for the Optimal Placement of Imperfect Detectors with Applications to Flammable Gas Detection and Mitigation Systems. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153985

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Benavides Serrano, Alberto J. “Mathematical Programming Formulations for the Optimal Placement of Imperfect Detectors with Applications to Flammable Gas Detection and Mitigation Systems.” 2014. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed July 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153985.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Benavides Serrano, Alberto J. “Mathematical Programming Formulations for the Optimal Placement of Imperfect Detectors with Applications to Flammable Gas Detection and Mitigation Systems.” 2014. Web. 16 Jul 2019.

Vancouver:

Benavides Serrano AJ. Mathematical Programming Formulations for the Optimal Placement of Imperfect Detectors with Applications to Flammable Gas Detection and Mitigation Systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2019 Jul 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153985.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Benavides Serrano AJ. Mathematical Programming Formulations for the Optimal Placement of Imperfect Detectors with Applications to Flammable Gas Detection and Mitigation Systems. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153985

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations