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Oregon State University
1.
Naylor, Jamie.
An Investigation of Age-Related Differences in Value-Driven Attentional Capture.
Degree: MA, 2016, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59216 
► Previous research on age-related differences in attentional capture has indicated that older adults are more susceptible to distraction than younger adults and this has been…
(more)
▼ Previous research on age-related differences in attentional capture has indicated that older adults
are more susceptible to distraction than younger adults and this has been interpreted as a reduced
capacity to inhibit distraction in late life. Recently, however, there have been discrepancies in the
literature about in what circumstances older adults are more susceptible to distraction than
younger adults. Additionally, theoretical work has emerged in the attentional capture literature
which indicates that more sophisticated theory is needed to fully understand attention capture.
The present study was conducted in order to provide some clarification about attentional capture
across the lifespan. We used a recently developed paradigm to examine the effects of reward and
motivation on attentional capture in younger adults who were paid, younger adults who received
course credit, and older adults who were paid. Our results indicated that older adults were no
more susceptible to distraction than younger adults in the task even when both groups were paid.
Additionally, compensation did not affect the magnitude of attentional capture by stimuli that
had previously been associated with gain or loss, had a neutral association, or when no distractor
was present. We replicated previous research which has demonstrated enhanced attentional
capture by previously rewarding, but irrelevant stimuli and extend these findings to gain
associated stimuli. Results are interpreted within the context of several major theories of
cognitive aging, the inhibitory deficit and the generalized slowing views
Advisors/Committee Members: Ching%22%29&pagesize-30">
Lien,
Mei-
Ching (advisor),
Becker-Blease, Kathryn (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Attention Capture; Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Naylor, J. (2016). An Investigation of Age-Related Differences in Value-Driven Attentional Capture. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59216
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Naylor, Jamie. “An Investigation of Age-Related Differences in Value-Driven Attentional Capture.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59216.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Naylor, Jamie. “An Investigation of Age-Related Differences in Value-Driven Attentional Capture.” 2016. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Naylor J. An Investigation of Age-Related Differences in Value-Driven Attentional Capture. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59216.
Council of Science Editors:
Naylor J. An Investigation of Age-Related Differences in Value-Driven Attentional Capture. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59216
Oregon State University
2.
Martin, Nicole (Nicole Rose).
Attentional Bias Toward Facial Emotion Expression : Orienting vs. Disengagement.
Degree: MA, 2015, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/58051
► The present study examined involuntary attentional bias toward facial emotion expression. Particularly, the study examined two different attentional components for emotional processing, namely, orienting vs.…
(more)
▼ The present study examined involuntary attentional bias toward facial emotion expression. Particularly, the study examined two different attentional components for emotional processing, namely, orienting vs. disengagement. A cueing paradigm using two cue presentation times (250ms and 350ms) was used to determine if attention would be involuntarily captured by an irrelevant emotional facial cue. Participants were asked to search for a target emotion face (fearful vs. happy) and identify whether the box containing the target face was red or green. Cue validity effects were observed for both fearful and happy face cues only for the 350ms cue presentation time; orienting Index scores were consistent with these findings. Thus, attention toward the irrelevant emotional face cues was primarily driven by attention orienting, but only under conditions where there was sufficient time to process the emotions. Disengagement scores at the 250ms cue presentation revealed that participants had difficulty disengaging their attention from happy facial expression cues when the happy face target appeared in the opposite location of the cue. Taken together, the present findings suggest that both negativity bias and positivity bias occurred involuntarily.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ching%22%29&pagesize-30">
Lien,
Mei-
Ching (advisor),
Bogart, Kathleen (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Attention; Facial expression – Psychological aspects
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APA (6th Edition):
Martin, N. (. R. (2015). Attentional Bias Toward Facial Emotion Expression : Orienting vs. Disengagement. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/58051
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Martin, Nicole (Nicole Rose). “Attentional Bias Toward Facial Emotion Expression : Orienting vs. Disengagement.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/58051.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Martin, Nicole (Nicole Rose). “Attentional Bias Toward Facial Emotion Expression : Orienting vs. Disengagement.” 2015. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Martin N(R. Attentional Bias Toward Facial Emotion Expression : Orienting vs. Disengagement. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/58051.
Council of Science Editors:
Martin N(R. Attentional Bias Toward Facial Emotion Expression : Orienting vs. Disengagement. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/58051
3.
Noesen, Birken.
An electrophysiological study of attention capture : does rarity enable capture?.
Degree: MA, 2015, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/55848
► Several behavioral studies have suggested that rarity is critical for enabling irrelevant, salient objects to capture attention. We tested this hypothesis using the event-related potential…
(more)
▼ Several behavioral studies have suggested that rarity is critical for enabling irrelevant, salient objects to capture attention. We tested this hypothesis using the event-related potential (ERP) component, N2pc, thought to reflect attentional allocation. A cue display was followed by a target display in which participants identified the letter in a specific color. Experiment 1 pitted rare, irrelevant abrupt onset cues (appearing on only 20% of trials) against target-relevant color cues. The relevant color cue produced large N2pc and cue validity effects, even when competing with a rare, salient, simultaneous abrupt onset. Similar results occurred even when abrupt onset frequency was reduced to only 10% of trials (Experiment 2). Experiment 3 examined rare, irrelevant color singleton cues (20% of trials). Despite being rare and salient, these singleton cues produced no N2pc or cue validity effect, indicating little attentional capture. Experiments 4a and 4b greatly increased color cue salience by adding 4 background boxes, increasing color contrast, and tripling the cue display duration (from 50 to 150 ms). Small cue validity and N2pc effects were obtained, but
did not strongly depend on degree of rarity (20% vs. 100%). We argue that rarity by itself is neither necessary nor sufficient to produce attention capture.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ching%22%29&pagesize-30">
Lien,
Mei-
Ching (advisor),
Edwards, John (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Attention; Attention – Physiological aspects
…23
Method
Participants
Nineteen undergraduate students from Oregon State University…
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APA (6th Edition):
Noesen, B. (2015). An electrophysiological study of attention capture : does rarity enable capture?. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/55848
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Noesen, Birken. “An electrophysiological study of attention capture : does rarity enable capture?.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/55848.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Noesen, Birken. “An electrophysiological study of attention capture : does rarity enable capture?.” 2015. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Noesen B. An electrophysiological study of attention capture : does rarity enable capture?. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/55848.
Council of Science Editors:
Noesen B. An electrophysiological study of attention capture : does rarity enable capture?. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/55848
Oregon State University
4.
Herdener, Nathan.
The effect of emotional valence on memory for face identity.
Degree: MA, 2014, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/52450
► Previous studies using an incidental learning paradigm have found that facial emotion enhances subsequent face recognition. The present study examined whether emotion enhances only memory…
(more)
▼ Previous studies using an incidental learning paradigm have found that facial emotion enhances subsequent face recognition. The present study examined whether emotion enhances only memory for the specific emotional features, or whether it also enhances general memory of that person's identity. Prior to the study, we had 20 participants validate the face stimuli with emotion valence (how positive or negative) and arousal (how exciting or calming) ratings. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants performed a gender discrimination task on a face expressing either an angry or a happy emotion, unaware that they would later be tested on their recognition of those faces (i.e., incidental learning). They then performed a 20-minute distraction task. Finally, they performed a recognition test, judging whether each face identity was previously shown ("old") or not ("new"). We found enhanced memory of angry faces, relative to happy faces, when the exact same face - showing the same emotion - was used during the later recognition test (Experiment 1), but not when a neutral face was used at test (Experiment 2). This finding suggests that negative emotional expressions improve memory for that specific emotional expression, without improving general memory for that person's identity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ching%22%29&pagesize-30">
Lien,
Mei-
Ching (advisor),
Bernieri, Frank (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Memory; Face perception
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Herdener, N. (2014). The effect of emotional valence on memory for face identity. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/52450
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Herdener, Nathan. “The effect of emotional valence on memory for face identity.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/52450.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Herdener, Nathan. “The effect of emotional valence on memory for face identity.” 2014. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Herdener N. The effect of emotional valence on memory for face identity. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/52450.
Council of Science Editors:
Herdener N. The effect of emotional valence on memory for face identity. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/52450
Oregon State University
5.
Shaw, Kathleen Elizabeth.
An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm.
Degree: MA, 2011, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21641
► The present study examined whether emotion perception requires central attentional resources. A dual-task paradigm was used to examine whether people can direct their attention to…
(more)
▼ The present study examined whether emotion perception requires central attentional resources. A dual-task paradigm was used to examine whether people can direct their attention to a face expressing a target emotion, even while they are still selecting a response to another task. Task-1 required an auditory discrimination while for Task-2, one happy face and one angry face were presented adjacent to each other. Participants were asked to find the face with a pre-specified emotion and indicate its gender (Experiment 1), location (Experiment 2), or identify whether the faces were the same gender or different gender without emotional goal settings (Experiment 3). The stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the two tasks was varied. To determine where people were attending, an electrophysiological measure of attention known as the N2pc component of the event-related brain potential was used. The face expressing the target emotion elicited an N2pc effect, indicating attention capture, even when participants were already pre-occupied with processing Task-1 (i.e., short SOAs). Thus, it appears that emotion perception can occur even when central attentional resources are unavailable. In addition, angry faces elicited a much larger N2pc effect than happy faces, indicating an attentional bias toward negative emotions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ching%22%29&pagesize-30">
Lien,
Mei-
Ching (advisor),
Bernieri, Frank (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Spatial attention; Emotions and cognition
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Shaw, K. E. (2011). An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21641
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shaw, Kathleen Elizabeth. “An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21641.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shaw, Kathleen Elizabeth. “An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm.” 2011. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Shaw KE. An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21641.
Council of Science Editors:
Shaw KE. An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21641
Oregon State University
6.
Chung, Eunyoung.
Diagramming practices in open source software development.
Degree: MS, Computer Science, 2010, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16254
► Visual information presented in diagrams promotes information processing both in an individual and in collaborative work. Previous literature has identified the role of diagrams in…
(more)
▼ Visual information presented in diagrams promotes information processing both in an individual and in collaborative work. Previous literature has identified the role of diagrams in
understanding information processing in a variety of disciplines. In software engineering, diagrams are a prevalent method involved in process development: diagrams are used for system comprehension, design of architecture, design and improvement of usability and communication with developers. Free/Open Source software (FOSS) development is a highly distributed environment where developers and users share content over multiple sites and
communicate through computer-mediated channels. However, prior research lacks a deep understanding of diagramming practices in OSS. To understand how and why diagramming practices occur in FOSS, we first conducted interviews with nine contributors from a single project, Ubuntu. Next, to generalize our study, we conducted a large-scale survey with contributors from a wide range of FOSS communities as well as follow-up interviews that
provided insights into understanding their diagramming practices. We found that although contributors mostly agree that diagram use has positive effects toward development, FOSS contributors occasionally are not willing to use them due to a lack of supporting tools outside of the conventions related to FOSS culture. We propose that diagramming practices can support and promote collaboration in FOSS. This thesis is composed of three manuscripts. First, we study diagramming practices in the Ubuntu project. Second, we report diagramming practices, focusing on design-oriented activities in which developers and designers extensively use diagrams in collocated development. We also investigate whether or not OSS contributors appreciate diagramming practices for design-oriented activities in non-collocated development. We finally report how and why diagramming practices occur in FOSS communities.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jensen, Carlos (advisor), Ching%22%29&pagesize-30">
Lien,
Mei-
Ching (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Open Source Software Development; Open source software
Record Details
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Chung, E. (2010). Diagramming practices in open source software development. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16254
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chung, Eunyoung. “Diagramming practices in open source software development.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16254.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chung, Eunyoung. “Diagramming practices in open source software development.” 2010. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Chung E. Diagramming practices in open source software development. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16254.
Council of Science Editors:
Chung E. Diagramming practices in open source software development. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16254
Oregon State University
7.
Kuhns, David (David Paul).
The effects of endogenous and exogenous cues on task-set inhibition.
Degree: MAIS, 2007, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/6325
► Task-set inhibition has been proposed to be an important mechanism for cognitive control in task switching. Its existence is supported largely by the observation of…
(more)
▼ Task-set inhibition has been proposed to be an important mechanism for cognitive control in task switching. Its existence is supported largely by the observation of the N-2 repetition cost (e.g., A-B-A is slower than C-B-A). Many studies have reported an N-2 repetition cost, but several have not. Because of the numerous methodological differences between previous studies, no firm conclusions can be drawn regarding the conditions necessary to produce inhibition. To better understand inhibition and its role in task switching, we manipulated factors thought to cause the absence or presence of the N-2 repetition cost in 4 experiments. In Experiments 1-3 where a predictable, repeating task sequence was used, we consistently found an N-2 repetition cost, even under the aforementioned conditions, which have previously been associated with the absence of inhibition. However, when a random task sequence was used in Experiment 4, the N-2 repetition cost was eliminated, at least in the condition where the task set was solely cued by location. The persistence of the N-2 repetition cost in Experiments 1-3 and absence of it in Experiment 4 suggest that spatial information can be useful for improving performance, but only under specific circumstances.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ching%22%29&pagesize-30">
Lien,
Mei-
Ching (advisor),
Ching%22%29&pagesize-30">Lien, Mei-Ching (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Task-Switching; Cognitive psychology
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kuhns, D. (. P. (2007). The effects of endogenous and exogenous cues on task-set inhibition. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/6325
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kuhns, David (David Paul). “The effects of endogenous and exogenous cues on task-set inhibition.” 2007. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 15, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/6325.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kuhns, David (David Paul). “The effects of endogenous and exogenous cues on task-set inhibition.” 2007. Web. 15 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kuhns D(P. The effects of endogenous and exogenous cues on task-set inhibition. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 15].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/6325.
Council of Science Editors:
Kuhns D(P. The effects of endogenous and exogenous cues on task-set inhibition. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/6325
. 
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