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1.
El Khou, Beder Dine.
The G5 Sahel: An Insufficient Organization for a Failed Region?.
Degree: MA, International Studies, 2019, Old Dominion University
URL: 9798641054933
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/122 
► In the wake of mass kidnapping and terrorist attacks launched by Boko Haram and other extremist groups in the Sahel of West Africa, along…
(more)
▼ In the wake of mass kidnapping and terrorist attacks launched by Boko Haram and other extremist groups in the Sahel of West Africa, along with the rise of the Islamic State in Libya that started to have immediate impact on the Sahel’s already problematic situation, five states from the region of Sahel decided to create a coalition in 2014 not only to fight insurgencies rampaging in the area but also to work on the development of the region. With a very small capacity in terms of man power and equipment, the G5 Sahel coalition attempts to achieve what other intervening entities had not been able to achieve. Long before the coalition was formed, numerous organizations and operations led by powerful states and institutions were deployed to tackle instabilities and other related issues such as poverty and migration, but they all have been in vain. The resilience of the problems plaguing Sahel had deep roots in the historical, environmental, cultural and political. The G5 Sahel has been more of a failure than a success for two main reasons: 1) The member states themselves are suffering from different internal issues which significantly inhibits any collective initiative 2) It is too insufficient to tackle such a complex situation given its current personnel, financial and equipment capacities. The Sahel, however, is a promising region with an abundance of resource and a growing population young that will make a world top market place. And global power will definitely benefit from fixing and investing in the region.
Advisors/Committee Members: Simon Serfaty, Regina Karp, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: Sahel 5; International Law; International Relations
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APA (6th Edition):
El Khou, B. D. (2019). The G5 Sahel: An Insufficient Organization for a Failed Region?. (Thesis). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9798641054933 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/122
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
El Khou, Beder Dine. “The G5 Sahel: An Insufficient Organization for a Failed Region?.” 2019. Thesis, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9798641054933 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/122.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
El Khou, Beder Dine. “The G5 Sahel: An Insufficient Organization for a Failed Region?.” 2019. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
El Khou BD. The G5 Sahel: An Insufficient Organization for a Failed Region?. [Internet] [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9798641054933 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/122.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
El Khou BD. The G5 Sahel: An Insufficient Organization for a Failed Region?. [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2019. Available from: 9798641054933 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/122
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
2.
Eyob, Maylat Tedla.
A Comparative Approach to Racial Stereotyping in South Africa and the United States and How It Has Obliterated the Black Image.
Degree: MA, 2020, Old Dominion University
URL: 9798641465746
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/123
► There has been a long fight to dehumanize the black body and hinder the black mind through the power to enact individual, institutional, and…
(more)
▼ There has been a long fight to dehumanize the black body and hinder the black mind through the power to enact individual, institutional, and cultural racism. Medical experiments of the past have occurred as a result of the belief that blacks are intellectually inferior, and, in a sense, a different species. There also has been an implementation of birth control strategies in the United States of America in order to exterminate this supposed “diseugenic”, or un-divine, race. Similarly, South Africa has had abortion laws with the goal being to increase white birth rates, and it not only did that, but black women also bore the consequences of illegal and unsafe abortions due to the high cost. Furthermore, individual racism, or scientific racism, has a long history, and has seeped into the modern day bias of health assessment, and gave birth to iatrophobia- an abnormal or irrational fear of going to the doctors- amongst blacks all around the world. From the exclusion of the black women’s voice due to “white” feminism in both America and South Africa, to the detrimental effects of gentrification on blacks, these two share many of the same issues in regards to filtering out the black image. Finally, cultural racism in both America and South Africa has, with stereotypes in art and media, successfully filtered the black image, and has done so with the help of the black community. However, if we acknowledge this goal of filtering the black image, then the United States of America and South Africa will be able to wholly progress as a society.
Advisors/Committee Members: Peter Schulman, Angela Huizar, Peter Adams.
Subjects/Keywords: United States; South Africa; Racial stereotyping; Black image; International Relations
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APA (6th Edition):
Eyob, M. T. (2020). A Comparative Approach to Racial Stereotyping in South Africa and the United States and How It Has Obliterated the Black Image. (Thesis). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9798641465746 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/123
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Eyob, Maylat Tedla. “A Comparative Approach to Racial Stereotyping in South Africa and the United States and How It Has Obliterated the Black Image.” 2020. Thesis, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9798641465746 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/123.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Eyob, Maylat Tedla. “A Comparative Approach to Racial Stereotyping in South Africa and the United States and How It Has Obliterated the Black Image.” 2020. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Eyob MT. A Comparative Approach to Racial Stereotyping in South Africa and the United States and How It Has Obliterated the Black Image. [Internet] [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9798641465746 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/123.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Eyob MT. A Comparative Approach to Racial Stereotyping in South Africa and the United States and How It Has Obliterated the Black Image. [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2020. Available from: 9798641465746 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/123
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
3.
Hadzhidimova, Lora.
Juridical, Religious and Globalization Perspectives on the Constitutions of Egypt and Tunisia after the Arab Spring.
Degree: MA, Humanities, 2016, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781339893181
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/humanities_etds/3
► This work examines the juridical aspects of the current Egyptian and Tunisian Constitutions adopted after the Arab Spring. Along with the legal analysis of…
(more)
▼ This work examines the juridical aspects of the current Egyptian and Tunisian Constitutions adopted after the Arab Spring. Along with the legal analysis of these two manifestations one more element is also a subject of this commentary – possible political issues that can surface from the interpretation of some controversial articles. The second part of this study focuses on the compatibility between the premises of the Islamic Sharia, the Islamic culture and tradition, and the core values of the contemporary modern democratic states. Moreover, it addresses some of the problematic moments within the discourse whether or not the Quran evokes discrimination policies. The conclusions I was able to derive, link the above mentioned practices with centuries
old customs and beliefs in the Islamic societies. I also maintain that any violations of women’s right and religious minorities in Islamic countries are not inherently related or prescribed by particular parts of the Quran. The latter was utilized as a source of civil norms in times when no other legislation was known. Despite the fact that it had its applicability in the past, its role has to be passed on civil codes in which no room for ambiguous interpretations of texts should be allowed. The last part of this work focuses on some patterns that the events before, during and after the Arab Spring have revealed. By connecting historical and political facts of earlier periods to the tensions in Egypt and Tunisia after the fall of the autocratic regimes, I aim to draw some deductions for the stability of the democratic and the juridical goals in the future of these two states.
Advisors/Committee Members: Peter Schulman, David Earnest, Chandra de Silva.
Subjects/Keywords: Constitution; Eastern Europe; Egypt; Globalization; Islam; Tunisia; Comparative Literature; International Relations; Near and Middle Eastern Studies
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APA (6th Edition):
Hadzhidimova, L. (2016). Juridical, Religious and Globalization Perspectives on the Constitutions of Egypt and Tunisia after the Arab Spring. (Thesis). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781339893181 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/humanities_etds/3
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hadzhidimova, Lora. “Juridical, Religious and Globalization Perspectives on the Constitutions of Egypt and Tunisia after the Arab Spring.” 2016. Thesis, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781339893181 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/humanities_etds/3.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hadzhidimova, Lora. “Juridical, Religious and Globalization Perspectives on the Constitutions of Egypt and Tunisia after the Arab Spring.” 2016. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Hadzhidimova L. Juridical, Religious and Globalization Perspectives on the Constitutions of Egypt and Tunisia after the Arab Spring. [Internet] [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781339893181 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/humanities_etds/3.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Hadzhidimova L. Juridical, Religious and Globalization Perspectives on the Constitutions of Egypt and Tunisia after the Arab Spring. [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2016. Available from: 9781339893181 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/humanities_etds/3
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
4.
Bell, Mary Sodini.
When the Wind Blows: An Evaluation of Key Factors that Enabled the Proliferation of Wind Energy Generation in the United States Through 2016.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2018, Old Dominion University
URL: 9780355884371
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/24
► Increasing CO2 emissions have led to extreme weather phenomena labeled as climate change. Energy consumption and the burning of fossil fuels are primary contributors…
(more)
▼ Increasing CO
2 emissions have led to extreme weather phenomena labeled as climate change. Energy consumption and the burning of fossil fuels are primary contributors to climate change, which necessitates finding ways to decrease fossil fuel consumption critical to preserving the planet while helping nations reduce dependence on costly fossil fuels. Renewable energy is one part of the solution to reducing CO
2 emissions. Wind energy is the fastest growing form of renewable energy across the world and within the U.S., but the key factors that enabled the U.S. wind industry to grow from zero installed capacity at the beginning of 1981 to enough capacity to power 25 million average U.S. homes by the end of 2016 remain unclear. This dissertation examines the wind industry growth and identifies the factors of public opinion, presidential leadership, state incentives and mandates, technological developments, and fossil fuel prices as crucial to wind energy development in the U.S.
Advisors/Committee Members: Peter Schulman, Austin Jersild, Glen Sussman.
Subjects/Keywords: Renewable energy; Wind energy; Wind energy growth; Wind energy policy; Energy Policy; International Relations; Oil, Gas, and Energy
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Bell, M. S. (2018). When the Wind Blows: An Evaluation of Key Factors that Enabled the Proliferation of Wind Energy Generation in the United States Through 2016. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9780355884371 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/24
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bell, Mary Sodini. “When the Wind Blows: An Evaluation of Key Factors that Enabled the Proliferation of Wind Energy Generation in the United States Through 2016.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9780355884371 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/24.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bell, Mary Sodini. “When the Wind Blows: An Evaluation of Key Factors that Enabled the Proliferation of Wind Energy Generation in the United States Through 2016.” 2018. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Bell MS. When the Wind Blows: An Evaluation of Key Factors that Enabled the Proliferation of Wind Energy Generation in the United States Through 2016. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9780355884371 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/24.
Council of Science Editors:
Bell MS. When the Wind Blows: An Evaluation of Key Factors that Enabled the Proliferation of Wind Energy Generation in the United States Through 2016. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2018. Available from: 9780355884371 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/24
5.
Garber, Andrew Kennedy.
Fem Media Matters: An Inqueery Into Campus Sexual Assault.
Degree: MA, International Studies, 2018, Old Dominion University
URL: 9780355975567
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/25
► Queer victimization as a topic is often marginalized within research due to hegemonic ideologies within society. When it comes to campus sexual assault research…
(more)
▼ Queer victimization as a topic is often marginalized within research due to hegemonic ideologies within society. When it comes to campus sexual assault research and resources, the focus is primarily on female victimization constructed within a heteronormative framework. Little research and theorization has been done on male victimization or the specificities of LGBTQ victimization of campus sexual assault. The problem this research has identified is that the female-victim-male-perpetrator metanarrative of campus sexual assault portrayed through media exemplifies the heterosexist culture at various levels of analysis within the United States. Further, it has led to an invisibility of LGBT and male victimization while simultaneously contributing to the oppression of women and sexual minorities. The purpose of this research is to identify specific gaps within campus culture and infrastructure through analyzing forms of media that have aided in leaving queer male victims of sexual assault marginalized within college campuses. The objective is to demonstrate the extent to which the heteronormative campus culture can theoretically marginalize non-conforming members, namely sexual minorities. By critically examining these specific media, the focus of the research will theorize as to why these gaps exist and where institutions of higher learning need to go in order to address the unmet needs of these marginalized sexual assault victims.
Advisors/Committee Members: Peter Schulman, Erika Frydenlund, Angelica Huizar.
Subjects/Keywords: Campus sexual assault; Gender hegemony; Heteronormativity; LGBT; Sexual minority; Victimization; International Relations; Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Studies; Women's Studies
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Garber, A. K. (2018). Fem Media Matters: An Inqueery Into Campus Sexual Assault. (Thesis). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9780355975567 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/25
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Garber, Andrew Kennedy. “Fem Media Matters: An Inqueery Into Campus Sexual Assault.” 2018. Thesis, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9780355975567 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/25.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Garber, Andrew Kennedy. “Fem Media Matters: An Inqueery Into Campus Sexual Assault.” 2018. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Garber AK. Fem Media Matters: An Inqueery Into Campus Sexual Assault. [Internet] [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9780355975567 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/25.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Garber AK. Fem Media Matters: An Inqueery Into Campus Sexual Assault. [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2018. Available from: 9780355975567 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/25
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
6.
Showalter, Raven Alexandra.
The “Trump Effect?” Challenges to the United States Hegemony in Higher Education Cross-Cultural Exchange: A Case Study of International Students at Old Dominion University.
Degree: MA, International Studies, 2018, Old Dominion University
URL: 9780355884081
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/22
► Scholars and politicians today fear that international student enrollment at U.S. institutions of higher education may be declining. While some attribute potential enrollment decline…
(more)
▼ Scholars and politicians today fear that international student enrollment at U.S. institutions of higher education may be declining. While some attribute potential enrollment decline to domestic politics, others believe that globalization may be allowing student flows to diversify across many nations, thus limiting the U.S.’s share of students and soft-power influence. To assess the extent to which U.S. hegemony in cross-cultural higher education is being challenged, I trace the origins of educational exchange at Western colleges and universities from their earliest incarnations in the Medieval Era to the present. I also draw a parallel between the Bush administration after 9/11, when visa policies became increasingly regulated and limitations for individuals from Muslim countries were put in place, to the current administration under Trump, where similar proposals to alter existing visa legislation, as well as travel restrictions for individuals from several Middle Eastern countries have emerged.
By conducting a small-scale case study of a public research
university,
Old Dominion University, I find that although some individuals feel threatened and alarmed by the current political environment, the majority of international students have not been deterred from earning their degrees in the United States. However, international students are becoming increasingly aware of alternative programs and work opportunities in rival countries, like Canada, the U.K., Australia and Germany. If the political environment of the U.S. does not soon improve, I conclude that greater numbers of international students will chose to study, work and live elsewhere. U.S. preponderance in cross-cultural higher education is being challenged by both internal and external factors, and without serious attention to either, detrimental decline over the next few years is a distinct possibility.
Advisors/Committee Members: Austin Jersild, Peter Schulman, Angelica Huizar.
Subjects/Keywords: Cross-cultural relations; Decline in United States hegemony; Education exchange; HIgher education; International students; Donald Trump; Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education; Higher Education; International Relations
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Showalter, R. A. (2018). The “Trump Effect?” Challenges to the United States Hegemony in Higher Education Cross-Cultural Exchange: A Case Study of International Students at Old Dominion University. (Thesis). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9780355884081 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/22
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Showalter, Raven Alexandra. “The “Trump Effect?” Challenges to the United States Hegemony in Higher Education Cross-Cultural Exchange: A Case Study of International Students at Old Dominion University.” 2018. Thesis, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9780355884081 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/22.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Showalter, Raven Alexandra. “The “Trump Effect?” Challenges to the United States Hegemony in Higher Education Cross-Cultural Exchange: A Case Study of International Students at Old Dominion University.” 2018. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Showalter RA. The “Trump Effect?” Challenges to the United States Hegemony in Higher Education Cross-Cultural Exchange: A Case Study of International Students at Old Dominion University. [Internet] [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9780355884081 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/22.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Showalter RA. The “Trump Effect?” Challenges to the United States Hegemony in Higher Education Cross-Cultural Exchange: A Case Study of International Students at Old Dominion University. [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2018. Available from: 9780355884081 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/22
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
7.
Yi, Bo Ram.
The Memorialization of Historical Memories in East Asia.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2017, Old Dominion University
URL: 9780355409284
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/17
► East Asia is embroiled in one of the most titillating historical memory wars in present-day politics. A highly complex and intricate matter, conflict over…
(more)
▼ East Asia is embroiled in one of the most titillating historical memory wars in present-day politics. A highly complex and intricate matter, conflict over history is the underpinning strain behind political and social relations between China, South Korea and Japan. Mired by the past, tension often rises from conflict over the Yasakuni Shrine visits, comfort women and the textbook matter.
This dissertation will examine how China, South Korea and Japan maintain their historical memory narratives. Through a case study method, each state is analyzed through five factors: commemoration, rhetoric, education, compensation and punishment.
Overall, China and South Korea have maintained relatively stable historical memory narratives while Japan has exhibited a rather volatile one. Further, historical memory is significant to political leaders and will likely be part of trilateral relations for the foreseeable future. In spite of it all, minor advancements have been made in the overall historical memory war.
Advisors/Committee Members: Regina Karp, David Earnest, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: China; East Asia; Historical memories; Japan; Memorialization; South Korea; Asian Studies; International Relations
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Yi, B. R. (2017). The Memorialization of Historical Memories in East Asia. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9780355409284 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/17
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yi, Bo Ram. “The Memorialization of Historical Memories in East Asia.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9780355409284 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/17.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yi, Bo Ram. “The Memorialization of Historical Memories in East Asia.” 2017. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Yi BR. The Memorialization of Historical Memories in East Asia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9780355409284 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/17.
Council of Science Editors:
Yi BR. The Memorialization of Historical Memories in East Asia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2017. Available from: 9780355409284 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/17
8.
Law, Nicholas Benjamin.
The Franchising Effect on the Al-Qaeda Enterprise and Related Transnational Terror Groups: Patterns of Evolution of Al-Qaeda Affiliates in the 21st Century.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2016, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781369538465
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/10
► The attacks of September 11, 2001 by Al-Qaeda-sponsored militants represented a high- water mark for the terrorist organization in its self-styled journey to become…
(more)
▼ The attacks of September 11, 2001 by Al-Qaeda-sponsored militants represented a high- water mark for the terrorist organization in its self-styled journey to become the inspirational Islamic vanguard for disenchanted Muslims across the globe. In the years that followed these attacks, the Al-Qaeda enterprise underwent a constant rate of evolution and mutation, resulting in a phenomenon of parallel and like-minded Islamist groups pledging allegiance to Usama bin Laden and his ideological vision of a global jihad. Instead of strengthening the overall organization, this expansion diluted the command and control of Al-Qaeda senior leaders in their ability to shape the overall movement it once led, as well as displaced the locus of power for the larger movement among various powerbrokers with unpredictable agendas and worldviews. Instead, the affiliation and franchising of parallel groups proved to result in only temporary changes in organizational behavior of these affiliates, as the domestic social, political, and economic forces present in these regions and nation-states had much more effect on Al-Qaeda affiliates and their members than the traditional Al-Qaeda agenda.
This dissertation is innovative in comparing Al-Qaeda Central in 2001 to its corollary manifestations as Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI), Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), and Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) across four variables of study and across time. The findings of this study help to explain the evolution of Al-Qaeda as the most capable and feared terrorist organization that it occupied at the beginning of the decade into a vague conglomerate of affiliates and sub-groups fifteen years later. The short term gains offered by affiliation for parallel movements under the AQ brand were exploited by these affiliates for their own particular interests, but ultimately discarded for domestic welfare of the affiliates themselves, even running counter to the transnational agenda of Bin Laden’s Al-Qaeda.
Breaking new ground, this research attempts to understand the evolution of the organization through the affiliation of parallel movements, what effect this affiliation has, and to identify signposts and patterns that can be overlaid on future manifestations of the global Islamic jihadist movement, either under Al-Qaeda leadership or some other organization.
Advisors/Committee Members: Steve A. Yetiv, Peter Schulman, Fran Hassencahl.
Subjects/Keywords: Al-Qaeda; Dispersion; Fragmentation; Islam; Jihad; Terrorism; International Relations; Islamic Studies; Near and Middle Eastern Studies
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Law, N. B. (2016). The Franchising Effect on the Al-Qaeda Enterprise and Related Transnational Terror Groups: Patterns of Evolution of Al-Qaeda Affiliates in the 21st Century. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781369538465 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/10
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Law, Nicholas Benjamin. “The Franchising Effect on the Al-Qaeda Enterprise and Related Transnational Terror Groups: Patterns of Evolution of Al-Qaeda Affiliates in the 21st Century.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781369538465 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/10.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Law, Nicholas Benjamin. “The Franchising Effect on the Al-Qaeda Enterprise and Related Transnational Terror Groups: Patterns of Evolution of Al-Qaeda Affiliates in the 21st Century.” 2016. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Law NB. The Franchising Effect on the Al-Qaeda Enterprise and Related Transnational Terror Groups: Patterns of Evolution of Al-Qaeda Affiliates in the 21st Century. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781369538465 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/10.
Council of Science Editors:
Law NB. The Franchising Effect on the Al-Qaeda Enterprise and Related Transnational Terror Groups: Patterns of Evolution of Al-Qaeda Affiliates in the 21st Century. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2016. Available from: 9781369538465 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/10
9.
Nalaskowski, Jan Adam.
Dwelling in Time, Dwelling in Structures: Disintegration in World Politics.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2015, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781339386409
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/4
► This dissertation aims to propose a general theory of disintegration. This subject is not treated directly by some theoretical accounts and mistreated by others.…
(more)
▼ This dissertation aims to propose a general theory of disintegration. This subject is not treated directly by some theoretical accounts and mistreated by others. European integration theories are fashioned to explain the greater integration process while game-theoretic approaches to withdrawals and secessions, even if treating disintegration directly, fail to include critically responsible factors. This dissertation offers a constructive criticism of both accounts. Since neither turning integration theories symmetrically around nor direct, game-theoretic assessment of disintegration help to provide sufficient explanation, it is suggested that the problem of symmetrical reversal and rational conduct must be revised.
Disintegration fails to follow the rules suggested by symmetrical reversal of integration. Therefore, it requires independent theoretical account which would pay attention to new, unique factors. Many withdrawal and secession games include these factors but at the price of paralysis of conduct. This dissertation’s argument is that these new factors should be identified and described narratively in order to understand why this conduct becomes troublesome. It is suggested that the problem is located in uncertainty about payoffs’ value and nature. Since actors of disintegration game bargain over different issues rather than upon integration and since these issues often assume non-quantifiable values, disintegration becomes qualitatively different from integration, integration theories prove to be unfit, and game-theoretic accounts need more cautious application. Case studies introduced in three structures of analysis – states, intergovernmental organizations and the European Union – aim to test and confirm subsequent elements of the proposed theory. The constructive criticism of both integration theories and withdrawal/secession games aim to make the general theory of disintegration applicable to many different forms of political structure.
As a conclusion, this dissertation points out strengths of this new account on disintegration and encourages researchers to further extend its framework. The theory can help policymakers to understand negotiations better and to learn how to accommodate the risk. Academic researchers should be able to provide reliable analyses so that public opinion is not be shaped by the fear of the unknown and misinterpreted.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kurt T. Gaubatz, Jesse Richman, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: Disintegration; Integration theory; Game-theoretic assessment; European Union; Intergovernmental organizations; World politics; Economic Theory; International Relations; Organizational Behavior and Theory
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APA (6th Edition):
Nalaskowski, J. A. (2015). Dwelling in Time, Dwelling in Structures: Disintegration in World Politics. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781339386409 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/4
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nalaskowski, Jan Adam. “Dwelling in Time, Dwelling in Structures: Disintegration in World Politics.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781339386409 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/4.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nalaskowski, Jan Adam. “Dwelling in Time, Dwelling in Structures: Disintegration in World Politics.” 2015. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Nalaskowski JA. Dwelling in Time, Dwelling in Structures: Disintegration in World Politics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781339386409 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/4.
Council of Science Editors:
Nalaskowski JA. Dwelling in Time, Dwelling in Structures: Disintegration in World Politics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2015. Available from: 9781339386409 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/4
10.
Baig, Tasawar ul-Rahim.
Weak Links in a Dangerously Fractured Region: Fragile State as Global Threats.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2014, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781321301977
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/31
► In the post-9/11 period a common belief emerged that fragile states are launching pads for unprecedented and unconventional transnational threats. The rise of state…
(more)
▼ In the post-9/11 period a common belief emerged that fragile states are launching pads for unprecedented and unconventional transnational threats. The rise of state fragility or state failure as a paradigm surfaced after the end of the Cold War, but their high risk factor was noticed only later. This is because increased interconnectedness allows information to spread faster and intensifies threat perceptions.
This study recognizes that the idea of weak states, small states, and political decay existed before, and that the notion of state fragility has been widely used in recent years. The conventional wisdom about political decay refers to the ineffectiveness of institutions and corrupt governance structures which enfeeble the state, and which is similar to the current literature focused on domestic factors. To understand the fragility of statehood, the study answers the following research question: "Under what conditions do weak and fragile states continue to fail?"
The analysis explores two core factors: endogenous and exogenous. The academic literature primarily focuses on endogenous factors, mainly political, security, economic, and social performance of states, to determine state capacity and capabilities. However, this study adds geography, or geopolitics, as an exogenous factor causing state fragility in many cases. Therefore, the study suggests a new category, "weak pivot states" in which fragility is not only the outcome of domestic factors but is also due to its geography and position as a "pivot." The evidence suggests that the impact factor of "weak pivot states" is higher than other weak and fragile states, as they are more susceptible to great power struggles.
As "weak pivot states" sit at the crossroads of major and regional powers' interests, one of the findings of this dissertation demonstrates that major powers have often supported undemocratic forces, with centralized authoritarian regimes benefiting the interests of a hegemon. The reduction of the threat level requires the provision of stability and the implementation of an effective political order. The findings suggest that fragile states need to reorient their constitutions and laws so as to create opportunity of equality and inclusiveness to its populations. In addition, the dissertation recommends the creation of "spheres of socialization" at intra-state and inter-state level that will allow education for democracy towards state building and establishing accountable political systems instead of interventions in weak and fragile states; and also facilitate an integration process at sub-regional, regional and then global level to tackle the burden of geography respectively.
Advisors/Committee Members: Simon Serfaty, Regina Karp, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: Fragility of statehood; Post 9/11; Small states; Weak states; International Relations
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APA (6th Edition):
Baig, T. u. (2014). Weak Links in a Dangerously Fractured Region: Fragile State as Global Threats. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781321301977 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/31
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Baig, Tasawar ul-Rahim. “Weak Links in a Dangerously Fractured Region: Fragile State as Global Threats.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781321301977 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/31.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Baig, Tasawar ul-Rahim. “Weak Links in a Dangerously Fractured Region: Fragile State as Global Threats.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Baig Tu. Weak Links in a Dangerously Fractured Region: Fragile State as Global Threats. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781321301977 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/31.
Council of Science Editors:
Baig Tu. Weak Links in a Dangerously Fractured Region: Fragile State as Global Threats. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2014. Available from: 9781321301977 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/31
11.
Gilligan, Kimberly Van Dyke.
Nonproliferation and the Domestic Politics Theory of Compliance.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2013, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781303080067
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/53
► Since 1945, nuclear weapons have impacted world politics and the world has sought to control their spread. This has resulted in the nonproliferation regime…
(more)
▼ Since 1945, nuclear weapons have impacted world politics and the world has sought to control their spread. This has resulted in the nonproliferation regime and its centerpiece: the Treaty on the Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). Understanding nonproliferation compliance is important to determining whether the NPT is contributing to stopping the spread of nuclear weapons. If the NPT is having no influence on state behavior, then the international community can decide if its efforts should be redirected from treaties to other nonproliferation efforts.
There are several competing theories on why states do or do not comply with treaties. One of the most common thoughts is that states act in their own best interest at the moment. However, domestic politics and the influence of internal factors have gained recognition and popularity. Dr. Beth Simmons is one of the leading scholars in this area.
Simmons has done extensive qualitative and quantitative research resulting in the proposition that in the case of human rights treaties mobilization of domestic groups, agenda setting, and litigation influence treaty compliance. Simmons argues that the neorealist focus on state interests within treaty compliance is not satisfactory.
While the Simmons' theory developed from human rights treaties, it may be applicable to nonproliferation. Both issue areas deal with security: individual for human rights and national for nonproliferation. Furthermore, the human rights treaties used by Simmons and the NPT share similar timelines in world history, are widely ratified, and utilize oversight bodies. And yet they all lack direct enforcement capabilities. Like the human rights issues, nuclear weapons issues sometimes cause an emotional reaction. Finally, while it goes against accepted international norms to violate human rights and proliferate, infractions still occur in both issue areas. Perhaps, the most common reason for the violations is for the security of the ruling regime.
Does the domestic politics theory on compliance with human rights treaties assist in explaining NPT compliance? Given the success of the theory in the area of human rights and the similarities of human rights treaties to the NPT, it will be meaningful to evaluate the domestic politics theory of treaty compliance and use the theory in the area of nonproliferation to gain a greater understanding of treaty compliance more generally and to test whether the issue area matters.
This dissertation seeks to assess whether Simmons's domestic politics theory of compliance (i.e. mobilization of domestic groups, agenda setting, and litigation) is a useful prism for viewing the high politics issues area of national security, specifically on nuclear weapons, by exploring six Nonproliferation Treaty member states situations of compliance, noncompliance, and potential compliance concern. Ultimately, it shows that the theory is not very useful in explaining compliance (or noncompliance) because the mechanisms are not present when…
Advisors/Committee Members: Kurt Taylor Gaubatz, Regina Karp, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: Compliance; Domestic politics; Nonproliferation; Nuclear weapons; International Relations; Public Policy
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APA (6th Edition):
Gilligan, K. V. D. (2013). Nonproliferation and the Domestic Politics Theory of Compliance. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781303080067 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/53
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gilligan, Kimberly Van Dyke. “Nonproliferation and the Domestic Politics Theory of Compliance.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781303080067 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/53.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gilligan, Kimberly Van Dyke. “Nonproliferation and the Domestic Politics Theory of Compliance.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Gilligan KVD. Nonproliferation and the Domestic Politics Theory of Compliance. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781303080067 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/53.
Council of Science Editors:
Gilligan KVD. Nonproliferation and the Domestic Politics Theory of Compliance. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. Available from: 9781303080067 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/53
12.
Giannini, Renata Avelar.
Promoting Gender and Building Peace: Evolving Norms and International Practices.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2013, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781303528804
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/54
► The United Nations (UN) has incorporated a strong gender perspective into its peacekeeping operations (PKO) based on a renewed focus on women's rights and…
(more)
▼ The United Nations (UN) has incorporated a strong gender perspective into its peacekeeping operations (PKO) based on a renewed focus on women's rights and participation in peace processes. These efforts are part of a complex organizational learning process in which women's central role in peace processes and the increasing efforts to respond to conflict-related sexual violence have become a central component of the organization' s strategy to build a lasting peace. The underlying logic is that it is only after an equitable society is founded and when the other half of the population's voice has been included in the political life of the state that peace can genuinely be accomplished.
Nonetheless, the UN's impact on the ground is difficult to measure and remains limited. While member states have unanimously endorsed these policies aimed at reducing gender inequalities and embedded them in the organization's resolutions and peace operations mandates, the equal status of women promoted in these policies is in direct contrast with women's status within a majority of the member countries. This dissertation argues that the UN's renewed focus on gender as a means to build a lasting peace has had limited results due to member states' inability or unwillingness to adopt gender approaches themselves, along with other factors such as the persistence of patriarch-based and weak institutions in intervened societies, volatile security environments and lack of resources.
In order to assess this argument, the UN's organizational learning process will be evaluated through an analysis of how gender-sensitive practices were incorporated to peace processes at headquarters, member states and mission levels. For this purpose, an analysis of the UN's normative framework (resolutions, guidelines, training modules, etc) and states' compliance will be carried out along with an evaluation of the advances for the implementation of these renewed practices in two case studies: United Nations Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUSCO) and the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH).
Advisors/Committee Members: Regina Karp, Kurt Taylor Gaubatz, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: Gender-sensitive practices; Organizational learning; Peace operations; Security; United Nations; Women; International Relations; Women's Studies
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APA (6th Edition):
Giannini, R. A. (2013). Promoting Gender and Building Peace: Evolving Norms and International Practices. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781303528804 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/54
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Giannini, Renata Avelar. “Promoting Gender and Building Peace: Evolving Norms and International Practices.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781303528804 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/54.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Giannini, Renata Avelar. “Promoting Gender and Building Peace: Evolving Norms and International Practices.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Giannini RA. Promoting Gender and Building Peace: Evolving Norms and International Practices. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781303528804 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/54.
Council of Science Editors:
Giannini RA. Promoting Gender and Building Peace: Evolving Norms and International Practices. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. Available from: 9781303528804 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/54
13.
Hoff, Sara A.
Ritualized Rhetoric and Historical Memory in German Foreign and Security Policy.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2014, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781303991066
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/57
► Recent changes in German foreign policy behavior have led to questions about Germany's European vocation. At the center of this inquiry is Germany's struggle…
(more)
▼ Recent changes in German foreign policy behavior have led to questions about Germany's European vocation. At the center of this inquiry is Germany's struggle to resolve the intersection between historical memory and present day international responsibility, especially in cases involving the use of force. This dissertation examines how and when historical memory has influenced, shaped, and informed contemporary German foreign and security policy and rhetoric by examining cases within two policy areas: out of area operations and nuclear nonproliferation. Focusing on the case of Libya, this dissertation also considers the cases of Kosovo, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Nuclear nonproliferation, a global policy issue, highlights Germany's role as an international actor by focusing on Germany's voice and actions during the negotiations with Iran over its nuclear program. This dissertation hypothesizes that Germany has a ritualized foreign and security policy and rhetoric determined by historical memory. The argument is made that historical memory and ritualized rhetoric is used depending on policy area, allowing Germany to present reason, argument, and justification to a variety of international security challenges, either to support or oppose military involvement. This dissertation finds support for questions regarding Germany's European vocation. However, Germany exercises self-interests precisely within the institutions of the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. What has changed is that Germany is increasingly using rhetoric of memory and guilt in order to obscure that it is actually acting in its self-interests. German policy choices, as they relate to the future use of force will be critically guided by this rhetoric.
Advisors/Committee Members: Regina Karp, Simon Serfaty, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: German foreign policy; International relations; International security; Libya; Nonproliferation; The use of force; Collective memory; Defense and Security Studies; International Relations; Political Science; Rhetoric
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Hoff, S. A. (2014). Ritualized Rhetoric and Historical Memory in German Foreign and Security Policy. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781303991066 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/57
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hoff, Sara A. “Ritualized Rhetoric and Historical Memory in German Foreign and Security Policy.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781303991066 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/57.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hoff, Sara A. “Ritualized Rhetoric and Historical Memory in German Foreign and Security Policy.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Hoff SA. Ritualized Rhetoric and Historical Memory in German Foreign and Security Policy. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781303991066 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/57.
Council of Science Editors:
Hoff SA. Ritualized Rhetoric and Historical Memory in German Foreign and Security Policy. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2014. Available from: 9781303991066 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/57
14.
Lidasan, Nasser Pendatun.
The Complexity of Armed Conflict in Mindanao: Beyond Economic Deprivation, Discrimination, and Inequality.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2013, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781303512582
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/71
► Studies on internal conflict focus on bringing a violent conflict to non-violent. Economic development and good governance are most attractive since essential services are…
(more)
▼ Studies on internal conflict focus on bringing a violent conflict to non-violent. Economic development and good governance are most attractive since essential services are provided to people, regardless of ethnic affiliation. Autonomy for minority groups to maintain the integrity of a state is another option. Applied in Mindanao conflict, negotiated settlement, separation, and military victory did not create a lasting peace. This study applies the
levels of analysis framework to investigate the conflict and considers the
sub-state level as vital. It suggests the role of local actors as crucial in intrastate conflict. It examines the dynamics of conflict at the local level and the interactions of national and local leaders in the occurrence of
war and
peace in an armed conflict-stricken state.
Advisors/Committee Members: Regina Karp, Peter Schulman, Thomas Chapman.
Subjects/Keywords: Autonomy; Conflict resolution; Internal conflict; Intrastate conflict; Levels of analysis framework; Military victory; Mindanao; Philippines; Minority groups; Negotiated settlement; Asian Studies; Military and Veterans Studies; Peace and Conflict Studies; Political Science
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APA (6th Edition):
Lidasan, N. P. (2013). The Complexity of Armed Conflict in Mindanao: Beyond Economic Deprivation, Discrimination, and Inequality. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781303512582 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/71
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lidasan, Nasser Pendatun. “The Complexity of Armed Conflict in Mindanao: Beyond Economic Deprivation, Discrimination, and Inequality.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781303512582 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/71.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lidasan, Nasser Pendatun. “The Complexity of Armed Conflict in Mindanao: Beyond Economic Deprivation, Discrimination, and Inequality.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Lidasan NP. The Complexity of Armed Conflict in Mindanao: Beyond Economic Deprivation, Discrimination, and Inequality. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781303512582 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/71.
Council of Science Editors:
Lidasan NP. The Complexity of Armed Conflict in Mindanao: Beyond Economic Deprivation, Discrimination, and Inequality. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. Available from: 9781303512582 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/71
15.
Lamer, Wiebke.
Neglecting the 'Right on Which All Other Rights Depend': Press Freedom in the International Human Rights Discourse.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2014, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781303997051
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/74
► Historically and philosophically, press freedom has closely been linked to the fight against tyranny and the advancement of human rights. But coverage of press…
(more)
▼ Historically and philosophically, press freedom has closely been linked to the fight against tyranny and the advancement of human rights. But coverage of press freedom as a distinct human right is surprisingly absent from scholarship and the human rights agenda. This dissertation fills this gap in the academic literature by examining why press freedom has not become part of the established international human rights debate, despite its centrality to democratic theory.
It does so in three steps: First, it outlines the distinction between press freedom and other human rights to which it is usually subjugated, like free speech and freedom of information, thus highlighting the importance of press freedom as a distinct human right. Second, it examines in detail how press freedom is treated at the UN, and traces the historical path of the freedom of the press debate at the UN to determine how and why press freedom is neglected. Third, the dissertation examines the roles of transnational actors, the media and NGOs, in the context of the international promotion of press freedom.
The dissertation finds that, despite the popularity of ideational explanations in the field of human rights studies, in the case of promoting press freedom, considerations of power and strategic interests rather than ideas dominate state behavior. No state, not even Western liberal ones, goes out of its way to promote press freedom, because it undermines state power. The dissertation further finds that there is no domestic constituency for press freedom and that human rights NGOs as well as the media themselves do surprisingly little to promote press freedom.
These findings imply that the current place of press freedom in the human rights discourse needs to be rethought. The findings also have implications for the idea of democracy and human rights and for their future not only in developing countries, but in liberal democracies as well. If the goal is to implement these ideas, the `right on which all other rights depend' should be at the center of human rights advocacy at home and abroad.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kurt Taylor Gaubatz, Peter Schulman, Laura Roselle.
Subjects/Keywords: Press freedom; Human rights; International Relations; Journalism Studies
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Lamer, W. (2014). Neglecting the 'Right on Which All Other Rights Depend': Press Freedom in the International Human Rights Discourse. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781303997051 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/74
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lamer, Wiebke. “Neglecting the 'Right on Which All Other Rights Depend': Press Freedom in the International Human Rights Discourse.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781303997051 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/74.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lamer, Wiebke. “Neglecting the 'Right on Which All Other Rights Depend': Press Freedom in the International Human Rights Discourse.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Lamer W. Neglecting the 'Right on Which All Other Rights Depend': Press Freedom in the International Human Rights Discourse. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781303997051 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/74.
Council of Science Editors:
Lamer W. Neglecting the 'Right on Which All Other Rights Depend': Press Freedom in the International Human Rights Discourse. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2014. Available from: 9781303997051 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/74
16.
Unal, Beyza.
Nuclear Security Complexes: An Alternative Approach to Nuclear Nonproliferation.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2014, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781321564570
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/96
► Existing literature examines nuclear proliferation from a regional or a national perspective but nuclear issues are inherently transnational. The literature also often focuses on…
(more)
▼ Existing literature examines nuclear proliferation from a regional or a national perspective but nuclear issues are inherently transnational. The literature also often focuses on single-state policies for deterrence purposes. Following tailored (single-state) policies, however, is too narrow because these policies are bilateral and based on national interest; they do not include global concerns. In response to the literature, this dissertation proposes to examine states grouped according to their state characteristics in terms of threat existence, democracy level in the nuclear field, and membership in nuclear organizations and compliance with major nuclear treaties. The focus here is to ask: "Does regional security complex theory explain nuclear behavior?" To some extent it does. Regional security complex theory groups states in relation to their geopolitical context. This grouping method is essential for the model that I call nuclear nonproliferation security complexes. Different than the former theory, I argue that nuclear issues are inherently transnational, not regional, and states' nuclear behavior is shaped by the aforementioned state characteristics.
This model places states into seven different groups in terms of their characteristics. A triple Venn diagram helps to picture this conceptualization. The first three groups—called material, liberal, and norms-based security complexes—are the core parts of the Venn diagram. Security complexes four through six lie on the intersections between one, two, and three, with the seventh lying at the center. The state characteristics of Iran, Israel, Turkey and the United States are examined in order to understand how the model functions. This dissertation finds that despite having common Middle Eastern security concerns, Iran, Israel and Turkey follow different nuclear policies and their relationship with the United States is a fundamental factor in their nuclear decision-making. In conclusion, I suggest that the United States should differentiate its national interest, which is more to follow nuclear nonproliferation policies, from the global interest, which is to follow nuclear disarmament policies. From this perspective, the United States should find equal ground for both policies to work in conjunction with each other. This could lead to a more comprehensive nuclear approach that incorporates and engages with all actors.
Advisors/Committee Members: Regina Karp, Steve Yetiv, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: Disarmament; International relations theory Nuclear nonproliferation; International Relations; Political Theory
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APA (6th Edition):
Unal, B. (2014). Nuclear Security Complexes: An Alternative Approach to Nuclear Nonproliferation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781321564570 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/96
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Unal, Beyza. “Nuclear Security Complexes: An Alternative Approach to Nuclear Nonproliferation.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781321564570 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/96.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Unal, Beyza. “Nuclear Security Complexes: An Alternative Approach to Nuclear Nonproliferation.” 2014. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Unal B. Nuclear Security Complexes: An Alternative Approach to Nuclear Nonproliferation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781321564570 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/96.
Council of Science Editors:
Unal B. Nuclear Security Complexes: An Alternative Approach to Nuclear Nonproliferation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2014. Available from: 9781321564570 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/96
17.
Smith, Stephanie Elizabeth.
Piracy, Slavery, and the Limits of International Law: The Gap Between the Rhetoric and Reality of <i>Jus Cogens</i>.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2013, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781303079986
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/100
► A gap currently exists between the sources of international law in the canon of jus cogens or peremptory norms. This gap is observed in…
(more)
▼ A gap currently exists between the sources of international law in the canon of
jus cogens or peremptory norms. This gap is observed in the comparison of the rhetoric perpetuated by the community of international lawyers and the actions of states. It is especially apparent in the two oldest tenets of
jus cogens, the prohibitions against piracy and slavery. The disconnect between rhetoric and reality exposes the limitations and the political nature of international law.
The gap is demonstrated by using peremptory norms as a crucial case in the international legal system because of its perceived status as the strongest and most robust set of norms. However, as demonstrated by the prohibitions against piracy and slavery, they fail to meet expectations. To understand the rhetoric of
jus cogens, an examination of international legal textbooks is conducted to provide a window into the world view of the community of international lawyers. The other side of the gap is established by both the action and inaction of states concerning these norms. Implications arising from this gap affect the moral basis, purpose, stability, and strength of the international legal system.
The disconnect between the sources of international law gives rise to significant issues in international relations theory. In particular, the epistemic community of international lawyers is seen to have a constructed world view that has power over agendas and policies. This is shown to be inaccurate based on the crucial case of the peremptory norms surrounding piracy and slavery. International law is considered to be the paragon of normative systems that significantly influence state behavior. However, this project has shown that the mere existence of strong norms within a particular epistemic community may not have extensive power to modify state behavior. Caution is called for when drawing the international legal system as an example of normative power in world politics.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kurt Taylor Gaubatz, Peter Schulman, David R. Hager.
Subjects/Keywords: Peremptory norms; Piracy; Slavery; International Law; International Relations
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APA (6th Edition):
Smith, S. E. (2013). Piracy, Slavery, and the Limits of International Law: The Gap Between the Rhetoric and Reality of <i>Jus Cogens</i>. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781303079986 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/100
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Smith, Stephanie Elizabeth. “Piracy, Slavery, and the Limits of International Law: The Gap Between the Rhetoric and Reality of <i>Jus Cogens</i>.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781303079986 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/100.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Smith, Stephanie Elizabeth. “Piracy, Slavery, and the Limits of International Law: The Gap Between the Rhetoric and Reality of <i>Jus Cogens</i>.” 2013. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Smith SE. Piracy, Slavery, and the Limits of International Law: The Gap Between the Rhetoric and Reality of <i>Jus Cogens</i>. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781303079986 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/100.
Council of Science Editors:
Smith SE. Piracy, Slavery, and the Limits of International Law: The Gap Between the Rhetoric and Reality of <i>Jus Cogens</i>. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2013. Available from: 9781303079986 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/100
18.
Virgili, William.
The Study of Motivation for Defection Within the Intelligence Community: Hindering the Government's Ability to Prevent and Detect Defection.
Degree: MA, Political Science/Geography, 2020, Old Dominion University
URL: 9798678108005
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/124
► Since its inception, the global community has been marred by insecurities about the intentions of other states, which led to states creating intelligence agencies…
(more)
▼ Since its inception, the global community has been marred by insecurities about the intentions of other states, which led to states creating intelligence agencies to engage in human intelligence operations. In defense against foreign intelligence services, the U.S. has implemented policies and procedures, informed by defection research, to prevent and detect defection. However, this leads to the question does current research on motivation for defection adequately inform government policies and procedures to prevent and detect defection within the intelligence community? To interrogate this question, I present an in-depth analysis of motivation; the ways in which these conclusions have or have not been applied in defection studies; and current ways the government prevents and detects defection. Utilizing an understanding of these components, I present five case studies that demonstrate defection studies failure are unable to explain motivation, absent the incorporation of theoretical assistance from psychologists, sociologists, or social psychologists. In concluding, I assess that those studying motivation for defection within the intelligence community have not been studying motivation for defection, but ways in which to assist intelligence officers in eliciting defection from an individual. This focus, while advantageous for the intelligence community, fails to adequately inform the U.S. government in support their prevention and detection of defection. Faced with this failure, I bring forward two proposals that would enhance the government’s understanding of motivation for defection and the development of effective policies.
Advisors/Committee Members: Regina Karp, Matthew DiLorenzo, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: Global community; Defection; Intelligence community; International Law; International Relations; Public Administration; Public Policy
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Virgili, W. (2020). The Study of Motivation for Defection Within the Intelligence Community: Hindering the Government's Ability to Prevent and Detect Defection. (Thesis). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9798678108005 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/124
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Virgili, William. “The Study of Motivation for Defection Within the Intelligence Community: Hindering the Government's Ability to Prevent and Detect Defection.” 2020. Thesis, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9798678108005 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/124.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Virgili, William. “The Study of Motivation for Defection Within the Intelligence Community: Hindering the Government's Ability to Prevent and Detect Defection.” 2020. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Virgili W. The Study of Motivation for Defection Within the Intelligence Community: Hindering the Government's Ability to Prevent and Detect Defection. [Internet] [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9798678108005 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/124.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Virgili W. The Study of Motivation for Defection Within the Intelligence Community: Hindering the Government's Ability to Prevent and Detect Defection. [Thesis]. Old Dominion University; 2020. Available from: 9798678108005 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/124
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
19.
Sraders, Sandis.
The Little Lady that Could: Small Latvia Rejoins the Euro-Atlantic Community.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2017, Old Dominion University
URL: 9780355054859
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/13
► When the Cold War abruptly ended, Latvia found it necessary to find a new place in the international community. Its smallness, weaknesses and sensitivities…
(more)
▼ When the Cold War abruptly ended, Latvia found it necessary to find a new place in the international community. Its smallness, weaknesses and sensitivities as well as historic experiences made the task urgent because it needed a protector and a broader community to belong to. Like a needle in a haystack, finding these would prove challenging, primarily because not many options existed. First, only one community, the Euro-Atlantic community, could satisfy Latvia’s willingness to escape Russia’s unwanted dominance. Second, as a small state, Latvia had little influence over international affairs.
This research focuses on several distinct aspects of Latvia’s objective to offset its weaknesses and sensitivities through the Euro-Atlantic integration. First, it outlines Latvia’s weaknesses as a small state. Second, from the Eastern European perspective, it identifies commonly shared Cold War experiences of the Baltic and Visegrad states as compared to the experiences of the United States and former Soviet territories that were incorporated into the Soviet Union. Third, it focuses on the foreign policies of major powers such as the United States, the Russian Federation, and major European powers and regions. The study assesses if the Euro-Atlantic integration processes allowed Latvia to remedy its small state weaknesses.
Lastly, using mostly qualitative but also quantitative methods, the study provides insight as to whether the international integration process had an effect on Latvia’s security, democratic consensus and sensitivities and vulnerabilities. Small states must cope with their limited resources and overwhelming international challenges to pursue their interests and viability. These aspects are considered profound preconditions for small state survival, and thus the framework and methodology presented can be applied to other small states.
Advisors/Committee Members: Simon Serfaty, David C. Earnest, Regina C. Karp, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: EU; Latvia; NATO; Russia; Small states; Soviet Union; International Relations
Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Sraders, S. (2017). The Little Lady that Could: Small Latvia Rejoins the Euro-Atlantic Community. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9780355054859 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/13
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sraders, Sandis. “The Little Lady that Could: Small Latvia Rejoins the Euro-Atlantic Community.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9780355054859 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/13.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sraders, Sandis. “The Little Lady that Could: Small Latvia Rejoins the Euro-Atlantic Community.” 2017. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Sraders S. The Little Lady that Could: Small Latvia Rejoins the Euro-Atlantic Community. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9780355054859 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/13.
Council of Science Editors:
Sraders S. The Little Lady that Could: Small Latvia Rejoins the Euro-Atlantic Community. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2017. Available from: 9780355054859 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/13
20.
Eliason, William T.
Return to Unfinished Business: Re-Energizing U.S. Nuclear Arms Policy.
Degree: PhD, International Studies, 2010, Old Dominion University
URL: 9781124294452
;
https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/49
► Today's international environment characterized in nuclear threat terms as having increasing concerns about the potential for terrorist or non-state use of nuclear devices and…
(more)
▼ Today's international environment characterized in nuclear threat terms as having increasing concerns about the potential for terrorist or non-state use of nuclear devices and a decline in the likelihood of the original nuclear weapon states engaging each other in a nuclear war remains in search of a path away from the fear of nuclear attack some twenty years after the end of the Cold War. This research dissertation will seek to answer the question of how best to reestablish a nuclear arms control regime. This dissertation argues that the international environment has fundamentally changed since the end of the Cold War requiring a shift in emphasis on multilateral efforts to solve issues like nuclear proliferation with the United States as the leader of such work. Specifically, this research will test the hypothesis that the United States must reassert a position of leadership through bilateral and multilateral cooperation to develop appropriate nuclear arms policies that effectively reestablish worldwide controls, continue reduction of nuclear arms toward the Non Proliferation Treaty goal of nuclear disarmament. By reviewing the U.S. relationship to three specific nuclear arms control agreements, this research explores how U.S. leadership in these efforts impacts the risk of further nuclear proliferation and the potential for nuclear attacks by both states and non-state actors. Once the relationship of the United States to the nuclear arms control regime is characterized, a suggested policy framework will be provided as a means to analyze the strength of the dissertation hypothesis.
This dissertation concludes that U.S. leadership is essential to the reinforcement of the NPT, conclusion of additional bilateral and multilateral arms control agreements and fostering a persistent and supporting multilateral relationship with all states to achieve the goals of the NPT, halting nuclear proliferation, eventually achieving total disarmament. While the United States has begun to refocus international efforts to address nuclear issues, an expanded set of policy recommendations is discussed as well as a renewed research agenda in international relations as a follow on to this dissertation is suggested.
Advisors/Committee Members: Regina Karp, Kurt Taylor Gaubatz, Peter Schulman.
Subjects/Keywords: Arms control; Foreign policy; Nonproliferation; Nuclear arms; United States; American Politics; American Studies; International Relations
Record Details
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Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Eliason, W. T. (2010). Return to Unfinished Business: Re-Energizing U.S. Nuclear Arms Policy. (Doctoral Dissertation). Old Dominion University. Retrieved from 9781124294452 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/49
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Eliason, William T. “Return to Unfinished Business: Re-Energizing U.S. Nuclear Arms Policy.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Old Dominion University. Accessed January 24, 2021.
9781124294452 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/49.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Eliason, William T. “Return to Unfinished Business: Re-Energizing U.S. Nuclear Arms Policy.” 2010. Web. 24 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Eliason WT. Return to Unfinished Business: Re-Energizing U.S. Nuclear Arms Policy. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 24].
Available from: 9781124294452 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/49.
Council of Science Editors:
Eliason WT. Return to Unfinished Business: Re-Energizing U.S. Nuclear Arms Policy. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Old Dominion University; 2010. Available from: 9781124294452 ; https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gpis_etds/49
. 
Open Access Theses and Dissertations