+publisher:"Georgia Tech" +contributor:("Ng, Nga Lee")

1. Hite, James Ricky. Interpreting thermodenuder data with an optimizing instrument model.

Degree: MS, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2012, Georgia Tech

► Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated through the partitioning of gas phase volatile organic carbon compounds (VOCs) into the condensed phase has both epidemiological and climatic… (more)

▼ Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated through the partitioning of gas phase volatile organic carbon compounds (VOCs) into the condensed phase has both epidemiological and climatic impacts through the growth of particulate matter into relevant sizes for respiratory interactions and cloud condensation nuclei activity. Considering the complex chemistry involved with VOC oxidation and subsequent formation of SOA, bulk properties like oxidation state, often represented by O:C ratio, and volatility are used to simplify the representation of SOA in chemical transport models (CTMs) and the like [e.g. Tsimpidi et al. 2010]. This preference for bulk properties is supported by the availability of ambient measurement techniques to constrain model parameters and scenarios. The volatility of SOA is often described by treating it as a mixture of components with differing partitioning coefficients through the volatility basis set (VBS) approach rather than explicitly resolving the complex chemistry [Donahue et al., 2006]. This study presents a method of determining the volatility of an aerosol sample through the use of an optimizing thermodenuder (TD) instrument model that is used to fit laboratory data. Data collected using a volatility tandem differential mobility analyzer (VTDMA) setup consist of inlet and outlet particle size and number concentrations for select dicarboxylic acids - compounds known to contribute to atmospheric SOA. These are interpreted by the model through an iterative optimization routine to obtain estimates of volatility parameters (e.g. saturation concentrations) which are compared to available literature data. The instrument model is currently divided into two decoupled modules. The first resolves the flow field characteristics, obtaining the temperature profile, pressure variations, and radial velocity distribution of the TD, and the second resolves the gas to particle partitioning of aerosol with a given condensed-phase volatility distribution in the TD using the VBS approach as described in the literature. Solving the full hydrodynamic equations for the flow characteristics provides a better numeric representation of entry length and radial velocity variations and is an improvement over similar TD modeling studies in the literature. However, results indicate that coupling the two modules is necessary to more accurately resolve the suppression of evaporation due to buildup of organic vapors in the TD, even at the low mass concentrations involved with the presented experiments. Advisors/Committee Members: Nenes, Athanasios (Committee Chair), Bergin, Michael (Committee Member), Ng, Nga Lee (Sally) (Committee Member).

Subjects/Keywords: Organic aerosol; Air pollution; Clouds; Climate; Air Pollution; Climatic changes; Atmospheric aerosols; Atmospheric chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hite, J. R. (2012). Interpreting thermodenuder data with an optimizing instrument model. (Masters Thesis). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45939

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hite, James Ricky. “Interpreting thermodenuder data with an optimizing instrument model.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45939.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hite, James Ricky. “Interpreting thermodenuder data with an optimizing instrument model.” 2012. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hite JR. Interpreting thermodenuder data with an optimizing instrument model. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45939.

Council of Science Editors:

Hite JR. Interpreting thermodenuder data with an optimizing instrument model. [Masters Thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45939

2. Sheyko, Benjamin Andrew. The development and application of sensitivity tools for investigating microphysical processes in atmospheric models.

Degree: MS, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 2014, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54248

► We present the development of the adjoint of a physically based cirrus formation parameterization that computes the sensitivity of formed crystal number concentration to numerous… (more)

▼ We present the development of the adjoint of a physically based cirrus formation parameterization that computes the sensitivity of formed crystal number concentration to numerous model variables (e.g., updraft velocity, soluble aerosol geometric mean diameter and number concentration, insoluble aerosol geometric mean diameter and number concentration, and ice deposition coefficient). The adjoint is demonstrated in the CESM Community Atmosphere Model Version 5.1, where sensitivity information is computed and used to quantify which variables are most responsible for modeled variability in formed crystal number concentration. The sensitivity of formed crystal number concentration to updraft velocity is positive and largest over the tropics where regions of deep convection are collocated with large sulfate number concentrations. Sensitivity to sulfate number concentration is largest over the tropics where updraft cooling is sufficient and sulfate number concentration is low, pointing to a sulfate limited regime. Outside of the tropics, crystal production is dominated by heterogeneous freezing; unexpectedly, sensitivities to insoluble aerosol number concentration for accumulation and coarse mode dust, black carbon, and organic carbon are negative in sign here. This is a result of infrequent, anomalously high updraft velocity events causing shifts in the dominant modes of freezing which act to bias sensitivity information when annually averaged. Updraft velocity is responsible for ~95% of the variability in formed crystal number concentration in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. In the tropics, sulfate number concentration controls variability in formed crystal number concentration since crystal production here is sulfate limited. Insoluble aerosol species play a secondary role in influencing the variability of crystal concentrations; coarse mode dust is the largest contributor to crystal number variability at nearly 60%, although the spatial extent of this influence is small and concentrated over highly localized dust events. When globally averaged, nearly 90% of the variability in crystal number concentration can be described by only updraft velocity, sulfate number, temperature, and coarse mode dust number concentration. Although these results depend on parameter assumptions, the robustness of the underlying physics of the cirrus formation parameterization used throughout this work suggests that this approach can be a powerful method for efficiently identifying the origin of microphysical dependencies within large scale atmospheric simulations. Advisors/Committee Members: Nenes, Athanasios (advisor), Agrawal, Pradeep (committee member), Ng, Nga Lee (committee member), Russell, Armistead (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Adjoint; Cirrus; Microphysics; Clouds

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sheyko, B. A. (2014). The development and application of sensitivity tools for investigating microphysical processes in atmospheric models. (Masters Thesis). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54248

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sheyko, Benjamin Andrew. “The development and application of sensitivity tools for investigating microphysical processes in atmospheric models.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54248.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sheyko, Benjamin Andrew. “The development and application of sensitivity tools for investigating microphysical processes in atmospheric models.” 2014. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Sheyko BA. The development and application of sensitivity tools for investigating microphysical processes in atmospheric models. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54248.

Council of Science Editors:

Sheyko BA. The development and application of sensitivity tools for investigating microphysical processes in atmospheric models. [Masters Thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54248

3. Fang, Ting. Understanding the sources, atmospheric processes, health associations and size distribution of aerosol oxidative potential.

Degree: PhD, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2017, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58680

► Aerosol oxidative potential (OP), the ability of particulate matter (PM) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) or deplete antioxidants in vivo, plays an important role… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Oxidative potential; Health effects; Sources; Atmospheric processing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fang, T. (2017). Understanding the sources, atmospheric processes, health associations and size distribution of aerosol oxidative potential. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58680

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fang, Ting. “Understanding the sources, atmospheric processes, health associations and size distribution of aerosol oxidative potential.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58680.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fang, Ting. “Understanding the sources, atmospheric processes, health associations and size distribution of aerosol oxidative potential.” 2017. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Fang T. Understanding the sources, atmospheric processes, health associations and size distribution of aerosol oxidative potential. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58680.

Council of Science Editors:

Fang T. Understanding the sources, atmospheric processes, health associations and size distribution of aerosol oxidative potential. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58680

Georgia Tech

4. Saavedra, Gabriela G. Prominent contribution of hydrogen peroxide to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated upon exposure to naphthalene secondary organic aerosols (SOA).

Degree: MS, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2019, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/63561

► Multiple studies have found an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) and adverse health endpoints. One of the suggested mechanisms in which inhalable particles… (more)

▼ Multiple studies have found an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) and adverse health endpoints. One of the suggested mechanisms in which inhalable particles exert damage is by inducing the overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Hydrogen peroxide is one type of ROS that has been implicated in pathological disorders induced by PM exposure. It has also received increasing attention owing to its dominant role in cellular signaling, metabolic processes, and oxidative stress. However, its biological role upon exposure to PM remains unclear. Secondary organic aerosols (SOA) make up a substantial fraction of ambient fine PM and play a role in the proinflammatory effects of the particles. In this study, the contribution of hydrogen peroxide to intracellular ROS/RNS production upon exposure to water-soluble components of SOA generated from the photooxidation of naphthalene in the presence of NOx (PM samples) was investigated using the general oxidative stress indicator carboxy-H2DCF and catalase as a hydrogen peroxyde scavenger. The intracellular ROS/RNS response with and without the addition of catalase to the PM samples was measured, where the presence of catalase substantially suppressed ROS/RNS response. The hydrogen peroxide produced by water-soluble components in the naphthalene SOA extracted in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) was quantified and ranged from 9.04 ± 0.16 to 11.32 ± 0.27 μM, corresponding to a hydrogen peroxide yield of 3.1 to 3.8 ng/µg. The measured hydrogen peroxide was product of interactions between quinone compounds and peroxide compounds in naphthalene SOA and PBS. Additionally, cells exposed to PM samples released hydrogen peroxide at a rate of 0.21 ± 0.01 to 0.26 ± 0.03 pmol/min/104 cells, which was associated with the mediation of immune responses and/or oxidative stress induced by naphthalene SOA exposure. These findings confirmed that hydrogen peroxide was the main ROS produced by cells exposed to naphthalene SOA and that it was the driver of the PM-induced ROS/RNS response, although this contribution can vary depending on the specific SOA precursors and formation conditions. Findings in this study also showed that, in addition to the hydrogen peroxide produced by cells upon exposure to PM samples, the hydrogen peroxide produced by the PM samples upon interaction with the extracting solution could have diffused into the cell and contribute to the intracellular ROS/RNS response. Although future studies are needed to estimate the contribution of both sources of hydrogen peroxide to the intracellular ROS/RNS response, this study highlights that the diffusion of extracellular ROS/RNS into the cells could represent one of the pathways in which exposure to PM leads to oxidative stress. Advisors/Committee Members: Ng, Nga Lee (advisor), Weber, Rodney J. (committee member), Champion, Julie A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Hydrogen peroxide; Naphthalene; Reactive oxygen species; Particulate matter

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APA (6^th Edition):

Saavedra, G. G. (2019). Prominent contribution of hydrogen peroxide to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated upon exposure to naphthalene secondary organic aerosols (SOA). (Masters Thesis). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/63561

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Saavedra, Gabriela G. “Prominent contribution of hydrogen peroxide to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated upon exposure to naphthalene secondary organic aerosols (SOA).” 2019. Masters Thesis, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/63561.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Saavedra, Gabriela G. “Prominent contribution of hydrogen peroxide to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated upon exposure to naphthalene secondary organic aerosols (SOA).” 2019. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Saavedra GG. Prominent contribution of hydrogen peroxide to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated upon exposure to naphthalene secondary organic aerosols (SOA). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/63561.

Council of Science Editors:

Saavedra GG. Prominent contribution of hydrogen peroxide to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated upon exposure to naphthalene secondary organic aerosols (SOA). [Masters Thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/63561

Georgia Tech

5. Min, Justin. Understanding the role of formic acid in fine and coarse particle mode.

Degree: MS, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2020, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/63662

► Formic acid partitioning was investigated at two sites in the southeast U.S., Yorkville, GA and Jefferson Street (JST). Previous studies in the southeast have shown… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Aerosols; Atmospheric aerosols; Aerosol pH; Thermodynamic model; ISORROPIA

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APA (6^th Edition):

Min, J. (2020). Understanding the role of formic acid in fine and coarse particle mode. (Masters Thesis). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/63662

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Min, Justin. “Understanding the role of formic acid in fine and coarse particle mode.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/63662.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Min, Justin. “Understanding the role of formic acid in fine and coarse particle mode.” 2020. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Min J. Understanding the role of formic acid in fine and coarse particle mode. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/63662.

Council of Science Editors:

Min J. Understanding the role of formic acid in fine and coarse particle mode. [Masters Thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/63662

Georgia Tech

6. Li, Jianfeng. Anthropogenic and natural nitrogen oxides emissions over the United States: Comprehensive evaluations and implications for surface ozone prediction.

Degree: PhD, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2019, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62675

► Nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) play a crucial role in the formation of ozone and has significant impacts on the production of secondary… (more)

▼ Nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) play a crucial role in the formation of ozone and has significant impacts on the production of secondary organic and inorganic aerosols, thus affecting human health, global radiation budget, and climate. Accurate knowledge of NOx emissions is essential for relevant scientific research and air pollution control policies. This thesis evaluates current estimates of anthropogenic and natural NOx emissions over the United States and improves model’s prediction of surface ozone concentrations by using a 3-D Regional chEmistry and trAnsport Model (REAM) and various types of observations and investigate the impact of thunderstorms on surface NOx and O3 concentrations. The diurnal cycle of NO2 is a function of emissions, advection, deposition, vertical mixing, and chemistry. Its observations, therefore, provide useful constraints in our understanding of these factors. The REAM simulated diurnal cycles are evaluated by using the DISCOVER-AQ campaign measurements, EPA Air Quality System (AQS) observations, and OMI and GOME-2A tropospheric vertical column densities (TVCDs) products in July 2011 over the Baltimore-Washington region. The model simulations are in reasonably good agreement with the observations except that PANDORA measured NO2 TVCD show much less variation in the early morning and late afternoon than simulated in the model. High resolution (4 km in the horizontal) model simulations are also performed to examine the effects of emission distributions. The overestimation of NO2 concentrations from the 4-km REAM simulation in contrast to the well reproduction of observations by the 36-km REAM suggests that the 2011 National Emission Inventory (NEI2011) provide a good estimate of NOx emissions at the 36-km scale but can’t resolve NOx emission distributions at the 4-km resolution. By analyzing model simulations with the observations, the thesis shows that the diurnal emission profile of NOx is different over the weekend from the weekdays and that weekend emissions are about 1/3 lower than weekdays. Observed ozone concentrations can be used to evaluate NOx and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions by using their relationships with ozone concentrations. The thesis shows that the time when ozone reaches its daily maximum (peak time) is also related to NOx and VOC emissions. Through model sensitivity analyses of REAM in July 2011 over the contiguous United States (CONUS), it is found that ozone peak values are more sensitive to NOx emissions while ozone peak time is more sensitive to VOC emissions in the eastern United States. By such relationships and the comparison between observations and model results, we find that the underestimation of soil NOx emissions leads to a low bias of simulated ozone peak value in the South, while the overestimation of biogenic isoprene emissions results in earlier than observed ozone peak time in the Central, South and Southeast regions. The simulated formaldehyde columns, which are higher than satellite measurements, confirm the latter. We illustrate the… Advisors/Committee Members: Wang, Yuhang (advisor), Huey, Greg (committee member), Weber, Rodney (committee member), Ng, Nga Lee (committee member), Kaiser, Jennifer (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: NOx ozone

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Li, J. (2019). Anthropogenic and natural nitrogen oxides emissions over the United States: Comprehensive evaluations and implications for surface ozone prediction. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62675

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Li, Jianfeng. “Anthropogenic and natural nitrogen oxides emissions over the United States: Comprehensive evaluations and implications for surface ozone prediction.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62675.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Li, Jianfeng. “Anthropogenic and natural nitrogen oxides emissions over the United States: Comprehensive evaluations and implications for surface ozone prediction.” 2019. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Li J. Anthropogenic and natural nitrogen oxides emissions over the United States: Comprehensive evaluations and implications for surface ozone prediction. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62675.

Council of Science Editors:

Li J. Anthropogenic and natural nitrogen oxides emissions over the United States: Comprehensive evaluations and implications for surface ozone prediction. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62675

Georgia Tech

7. Zhang, Ruixiong. Applications of satellite retrievals in deriving pollutant emissions and trends.

Degree: PhD, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2017, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62176

► This dissertation employs various satellite retrievals and the 3-D Regional chEmical trAnsport Model (REAM) to (1) identify and quantify the emission sources, and (2) derive… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Satellite retrieval; Emission inversion; Chemistry transport model; Pollution transport; Nitrogen dioxide trends

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zhang, R. (2017). Applications of satellite retrievals in deriving pollutant emissions and trends. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62176

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhang, Ruixiong. “Applications of satellite retrievals in deriving pollutant emissions and trends.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62176.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhang, Ruixiong. “Applications of satellite retrievals in deriving pollutant emissions and trends.” 2017. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhang R. Applications of satellite retrievals in deriving pollutant emissions and trends. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62176.

Council of Science Editors:

Zhang R. Applications of satellite retrievals in deriving pollutant emissions and trends. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/62176

Georgia Tech

8. Boyd, Christopher. Formation and fate of secondary organic aerosol produced from nitrate radical oxidaton of monoterpenes.

Degree: PhD, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 2016, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58589

► Atmospheric aerosol, or particulate matter, has important implications for climate, visibility and health. A large portion of atmospheric aerosol is comprised of secondary organic aerosol… (more)

▼ Atmospheric aerosol, or particulate matter, has important implications for climate, visibility and health. A large portion of atmospheric aerosol is comprised of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which is formed by the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with atmospheric oxidants, including the nitrate (NO3) radical. Reducing the impact of human pollution on aerosol formation is challenging, in large part because of the complexities in the mechanisms for the formation of organic aerosol through the oxidation of VOCs. The oxidation of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) by NO3 radical, formed by the reaction of O3 with anthropogenic NO2, provides one example of the effect of human activities on atmospheric aerosol. Due to the high aerosol mass yields of BVOC+NO3 reactions, this pathway can contribute to a large fraction of atmospheric aerosol. In addition to high aerosol mass yields, the BVOC+NO3 reaction produces a large mass of particulate and gas-phase organic nitrates. Organic nitrate formation, which involves loss of atmospheric NOx (NO+NO2), can either act as a permanent sink for NOx or a temporary reservoir for NOx. The role of organic nitrates on the NOx cycle is highly dependent on the types and eventual fate of organic nitrates, whether by deposition, hydrolysis to nitric acid, or release of NOx upon photooxidation or photolysis. The effect of organic nitrates on atmospheric NOx will impact ozone production, SOA mass and composition, and formation of atmospheric nitric acid. Nevertheless, the fate of atmospheric organic nitrates and their effect on the NOx cycle are highly uncertain. The goals of this work are to improve our understanding of the formation of atmospheric aerosol and organic nitrates through the BVOC+NO3 reaction. The formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from the oxidation of BVOCs via NO3 radical is investigated in the Georgia Tech Environmental Chamber facility (GTEC). This work focuses primarily on the monoterpenes β-pinene and limonene, two globally abundant VOCs with high mass yields upon NO3 radical oxidation. For β-pinene, aerosol yields are determined for experiments performed under both dry (RH < 2%) and humid (RH = 50% and RH = 70%) conditions. To further probe the β-pinene+NO3 reaction, the effects of peroxy radical (RO2) fate on aerosol formation were investigated by reacting the RO2 radicals with either NO3 radicals or hydroperoxy (HO2) radicals, simulating both polluted and cleaner environments. We find that the β-pinene+NO3 reaction leads to formation of gas-phase organic nitrate species (with molecular weights of 215 amu, 229 amu, 231 amu, and 245 amu—which are assigned molecular formulas of C10H17NO4, C10H15NO5, C10H17NO5, and C10H15NO6, respectively). Additionally, the SOA yields (defined as the mass of aerosol formed per mass of hydrocarbon reacted) in the “RO2+NO3 dominant” and “RO2+HO2 dominant” experiments and across all relative humidities are comparable. The aerosol mass yield is calculated to be 27.0-104.1% for a wide range of organic mass… Advisors/Committee Members: Ng, Nga Lee (advisor), Weber, Rodney J. (advisor), Huey, Greg (advisor), Sievers, Carsten (advisor), Nenes, Athanasios (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Atmospheric chemistry; Aerosol; Biogenic volatile organic compounds; Nitrate radical

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Boyd, C. (2016). Formation and fate of secondary organic aerosol produced from nitrate radical oxidaton of monoterpenes. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58589

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Boyd, Christopher. “Formation and fate of secondary organic aerosol produced from nitrate radical oxidaton of monoterpenes.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58589.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Boyd, Christopher. “Formation and fate of secondary organic aerosol produced from nitrate radical oxidaton of monoterpenes.” 2016. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Boyd C. Formation and fate of secondary organic aerosol produced from nitrate radical oxidaton of monoterpenes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58589.

Council of Science Editors:

Boyd C. Formation and fate of secondary organic aerosol produced from nitrate radical oxidaton of monoterpenes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58589

Georgia Tech

9. Lin, Jack Jie. Cloud condensation nuclei spectra: measurement techniques and ambient sampling in the southeastern United States.

Degree: PhD, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2016, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58599

► Measurements of the ability of aerosols to act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) continue to be necessary to improve our understanding of the interaction between… (more)

▼ Measurements of the ability of aerosols to act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) continue to be necessary to improve our understanding of the interaction between aerosols and clouds. Hardware improvements to the Droplet Measurement Technologies CCN Counter in the form of an Arduino microcontroller and a mass flow controller (MFC) have increased the robustness and flexibility of CCN spectra measurements. The supersaturation generated during dynamic flow operation was comprehensively characterized. A set of calibration experiments and instrument model simulations were used to assess instrument performance for a wide range of operating conditions, including instrument pressure, flow rate waveform, and flow rate period for both laboratory and ambient sampling conditions. CCN spectra, along with aerosol size and composition, were measured aboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration WP-3D aircraft during the SENEX field campaign in the summer of 2013. Measured aerosol properties were evaluated against sim- ulations using the Community Atmosphere Model and Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model. Aerosol in the southeastern United States was found to mostly composed of organics, but the composition of Aitken mode aerosol was found to have hygroscopicity similar to pure inorganic compounds. Both models fail to capture key characteristics of the observed aerosol. In particular, both models largely underestimating the total aerosol number. Under typical observed updraft values, however, the resulting cloud droplet number is only underestimated by a factor of two. Using the sensitivities of cloud droplet number to relevant input parameters, it was determined that the primary driver of discrepancy between the cloud droplet number computed from the observed and modeled aerosol parameters is the total aerosol number. Advisors/Committee Members: Nenes, Athanasios (committee member), Ng, Nga Lee (committee member), Russell, Armistead G. (committee member), Wang, Yuhang (committee member), Weber, Rodney J. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Aerosols-cloud interactions; Atmospheric aerosols; Cloud condensation nuclei; Cloud microphysics; Hygroscopicity; Instrumentation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lin, J. J. (2016). Cloud condensation nuclei spectra: measurement techniques and ambient sampling in the southeastern United States. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58599

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lin, Jack Jie. “Cloud condensation nuclei spectra: measurement techniques and ambient sampling in the southeastern United States.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58599.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lin, Jack Jie. “Cloud condensation nuclei spectra: measurement techniques and ambient sampling in the southeastern United States.” 2016. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lin JJ. Cloud condensation nuclei spectra: measurement techniques and ambient sampling in the southeastern United States. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58599.

Council of Science Editors:

Lin JJ. Cloud condensation nuclei spectra: measurement techniques and ambient sampling in the southeastern United States. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58599

10. Guo, Hongyu. Investigating the pH of atmospheric fine particles and implications for atmospheric chemistry.

Degree: PhD, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2017, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58733

► Particle acidity is a critical but poorly understood quantity that affects many aerosol processes and properties, including aerosol composition and toxicity. In this study, particle… (more)

▼ Particle acidity is a critical but poorly understood quantity that affects many aerosol processes and properties, including aerosol composition and toxicity. In this study, particle pH and water (which affects pH) are predicted using a thermodynamic model and measurements of RH, T, and inorganic gas and particle species. The method was first developed during the SOAS field campaign conducted in the southeastern U.S. in summer (pH = 0.94 ± 0.59), and then extended to aircraft observations in the northeastern U.S. in winter (WINTER study; pH = 0.77 ± 0.96) and ground observations in the coastal southwestern U.S. in early summer (CalNex study; PM1 pH = 1.9 ± 0.5 and PM2.5 pH = 2.7 ± 0.3). All studies have consistently found highly acidic PM1 with pH generally below 3. The results are supported by reproducing particle water and gas-particle partitioning of inorganic NH4+, NO3-, and Cl-. Nonvolatile cations may increase pH with particle size above 1µm depending on mixing state but have little effect on PM1 pH. Ion balance or molar ratio, are not accurate pH proxy and highly sensitive to observational uncertainties. Impacts of low particle pH were investigated, including the effects on aerosol nitrate trends and the role of acidity in heterogeneous chemistry. We found that PM2.5 remained highly acidic despite a ~70% sulfate reduction in the southeastern U.S. in the last 15 years, due to buffering by semivolatile NH3; that the bias in molar ratio predictions in past studies is linearly correlated to nonvolatile cations but not organics, challenging the organic film postulation that exclusively limits the gas-particle transfer of NH3; that recently proposed rapid SO2 oxidation by NO2 during China haze events may not be a significant source of sulfate due to relatively low pH (~4); and lastly that pH is also not highly sensitive to NH3, a 10-fold increase in NH3 only increases pH by one unit in various locations and seasons, which has implications for use of NH3 controls to reduce PM2.5 concentrations. Advisors/Committee Members: Weber, Rodney J. (advisor), Nenes, Athanasios (committee member), Huey, Gregory L. (committee member), Russell, Armistead G. (committee member), Ng, Nga Lee (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Particle pH

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APA (6^th Edition):

Guo, H. (2017). Investigating the pH of atmospheric fine particles and implications for atmospheric chemistry. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58733

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guo, Hongyu. “Investigating the pH of atmospheric fine particles and implications for atmospheric chemistry.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58733.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guo, Hongyu. “Investigating the pH of atmospheric fine particles and implications for atmospheric chemistry.” 2017. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Guo H. Investigating the pH of atmospheric fine particles and implications for atmospheric chemistry. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58733.

Council of Science Editors:

Guo H. Investigating the pH of atmospheric fine particles and implications for atmospheric chemistry. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58733

Georgia Tech

11. Capps, Shannon. Advanced sensitivity analysis techniques for atmospheric chemistry models: development and application.

Degree: PhD, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 2012, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51755

► Trace gases and aerosols, or suspended liquid and solid material in the atmosphere, have significant climatological and societal impacts; consequently, accurate representation of their contribution… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Cloud droplet activation; Atmospheric chemistry and climate; Adjoint modeling; Aerosol thermodynamics; Atmospheric chemistry; Atmospheric aerosols; Atmospheric models

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APA (6^th Edition):

Capps, S. (2012). Advanced sensitivity analysis techniques for atmospheric chemistry models: development and application. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51755

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Capps, Shannon. “Advanced sensitivity analysis techniques for atmospheric chemistry models: development and application.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51755.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Capps, Shannon. “Advanced sensitivity analysis techniques for atmospheric chemistry models: development and application.” 2012. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Capps S. Advanced sensitivity analysis techniques for atmospheric chemistry models: development and application. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51755.

Council of Science Editors:

Capps S. Advanced sensitivity analysis techniques for atmospheric chemistry models: development and application. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51755

Georgia Tech

12. Chen, Dexian. Measurement of pernitric acid and inorganic bromine species using chemical ionization mass spectrometry.

Degree: PhD, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2016, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59128

► Measurements of atmospheric trace gases is a central aspect of the study of atmospheric chemistry. It allows scientists to explore the atmosphere. Chemical ionization mass… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Chemical ionization mass spectrometry; Pernitric acid; Hydroperoxyl radical; Inorganic bromine; Product gas injection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, D. (2016). Measurement of pernitric acid and inorganic bromine species using chemical ionization mass spectrometry. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59128

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Dexian. “Measurement of pernitric acid and inorganic bromine species using chemical ionization mass spectrometry.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59128.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Dexian. “Measurement of pernitric acid and inorganic bromine species using chemical ionization mass spectrometry.” 2016. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Chen D. Measurement of pernitric acid and inorganic bromine species using chemical ionization mass spectrometry. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59128.

Council of Science Editors:

Chen D. Measurement of pernitric acid and inorganic bromine species using chemical ionization mass spectrometry. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59128

Georgia Tech

13. Liu, Xiaoxi. Measurements of emissions from agricultural fires and wildfires in the U.S.

Degree: PhD, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2016, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59147

► Biomass burning (BB) produces significant amounts of trace gases and aerosol, which play important roles in atmospheric chemistry and climate. This study presents detailed airborne… (more)

▼ Biomass burning (BB) produces significant amounts of trace gases and aerosol, which play important roles in atmospheric chemistry and climate. This study presents detailed airborne measurements of emissions from 15 agricultural fires and 3 wildfires in the U.S. during the 2013 Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) and the Biomass Burning Observation Project (BBOP). A detailed set of emission factors (EFs) for 25 trace gases and 6 components of submicron particulate matter (PM1) was reported for the agricultural fires located in the southeastern U.S. Observed EFs are generally consistent with previous measurements of crop residue burning, but the fires studied here emitted high amounts of oxygenated volatile organic compounds, sulfur dioxide, and fine particles. Filter-based measurements of aerosol light absorption implied that brown carbon was ubiquitous in the plumes. The rapid chemical evolution of the primary emissions in 7 out of 15 agricultural plumes was examined in detail for ~1.2 hr. A Lagrangian plume cross-section model was used to simulate the evolution of ozone, reactive nitrogen species, and organic aerosol (OA). For the western wildfires, we measured an extensive set of EFs for over 80 gases and 5 PM1 species. The wildfires emitted high amounts of PM1 (in which OA comprised most of the mass) with an average EF that is over two times of prescribed fire EFs. The EFs were used to estimate the annual regional emissions from agricultural fires and wildfires for CO, NOx, total non-methane organic compounds, and PM1. Our wildfire PM1 emission estimate (1530 ± 570 Gg yr-1) from 11 western states is over three times that of the 2011 National Emissions Inventory (NEI) PM2.5 estimate, mainly due to our high EF(PM1), and also higher than the PM2.5 emitted from all other sources in these states according to NEI. This supports the practice of prescribed burning that could reduce fine particle emissions. Advisors/Committee Members: Huey, L. Gregory (advisor), Yokelson, Robert J. (committee member), Wang, Yuhang (committee member), Weber, Rodney J. (committee member), Ng, Nga Lee (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Biomass burning; Emission factor; Plume evolution; SEAC4RS; BBOP

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liu, X. (2016). Measurements of emissions from agricultural fires and wildfires in the U.S. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59147

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liu, Xiaoxi. “Measurements of emissions from agricultural fires and wildfires in the U.S.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59147.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liu, Xiaoxi. “Measurements of emissions from agricultural fires and wildfires in the U.S.” 2016. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Liu X. Measurements of emissions from agricultural fires and wildfires in the U.S. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59147.

Council of Science Editors:

Liu X. Measurements of emissions from agricultural fires and wildfires in the U.S. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59147

Georgia Tech

14. Cheng, Ye. Tropospheric O3 modeling study: Contributions of anthropogenic and biogenic sources to O3-CO and O3-CH2O correlations.

Degree: PhD, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2018, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/61150

► Tropospheric O3 and CO are major pollutants in the troposphere. Strong correlation between O3 and CO was observed during the DISCOVER-AQ aircraft experiment in July… (more)

▼ Tropospheric O3 and CO are major pollutants in the troposphere. Strong correlation between O3 and CO was observed during the DISCOVER-AQ aircraft experiment in July 2011 over the Washington-Baltimore area. The observed correlation does not vary significantly with time or altitude in the boundary layer. The observations are simulated well by a regional chemical transport model. We analyze the model results to understand the factors contributing to the observed O3-CO regression slope, which has been used in past studies to estimate the anthropogenic O3 production amount. We trace separately four different CO sources: primary anthropogenic emissions, oxidation of anthropogenic VOCs, oxidation of biogenic isoprene, and transport from the lateral and upper model boundaries. Modeling analysis suggests that the contribution from biogenic isoprene oxidation to the observed O3-CO regression slope is as large as that from primary anthropogenic CO emissions. As a result of decrease of anthropogenic primary CO emissions during the past decades, biogenic CO from oxidation of isoprene is increasingly important. Consequently, observed and simulated O3-CO regression slopes can no longer be used directly with an anthropogenic CO emission inventory to quantify anthropogenic O3 production over the United States. The consistent enhancement of O3 relative to CO observed in the boundary layer, as indicated by the O3-CO regression slope, provides a useful constraint on model photochemistry and emissions. As an extension, we analyze the scenario of O3-CO regression slopes in the entire United States and China regions. The O3-CO regression slope ~ 0.3 is simulated over the eastern outflow regions over the ocean. Over the eastern inland regions of both countries, the O3-CO regression slope is lower than that over the outflow region, reflecting in part continuous O3 production in the outflow region. The simulation result shows that the proportion of contribution from biogenic isoprene to the regressed O3-CO slopes various depending on the corresponding local emission scenario. While biogenic isoprene oxidation makes a comparable contribution as anthropogenic emissions in the eastern US, the latter dominates over eastern China. Over the western inland regions of both countries, the O3-CO regression slope can be higher than the eastern inland regions due to transport from lateral and upper boundaries. The observations of O3-CO regression slope provide the means to understand the relative importance of anthropogenic and biogenic emissions on O3 as well as transport. In addition to O3-CO, strong correlations and consistent linear regression slopes of O3-CH2O and CO-CH2O were also observed during the DISCOVER-AQ aircraft experiment in July 2011 over the Washington-Baltimore area. Same as CO, we also analyze the model results to understand the factors contributing to the observed O3-CH2O regression slope by tracing separately three different CH2O sources: primary secondary anthropogenic sources, biogenic isoprene oxidation, and transport from model… Advisors/Committee Members: Wang, Yuhang (advisor), Deng, Yi (committee member), Ng, Nga Lee (committee member), Weber, Rodney (committee member), Crawford, James (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Ozone; Formaldehyde; Carbon monoxide; Correlation; Regression slope; Anthropogenic; Biogenic; Ozone prediction; Ozone estimator; Alkanes; VOCs

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cheng, Y. (2018). Tropospheric O3 modeling study: Contributions of anthropogenic and biogenic sources to O3-CO and O3-CH2O correlations. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/61150

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cheng, Ye. “Tropospheric O3 modeling study: Contributions of anthropogenic and biogenic sources to O3-CO and O3-CH2O correlations.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/61150.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cheng, Ye. “Tropospheric O3 modeling study: Contributions of anthropogenic and biogenic sources to O3-CO and O3-CH2O correlations.” 2018. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Cheng Y. Tropospheric O3 modeling study: Contributions of anthropogenic and biogenic sources to O3-CO and O3-CH2O correlations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/61150.

Council of Science Editors:

Cheng Y. Tropospheric O3 modeling study: Contributions of anthropogenic and biogenic sources to O3-CO and O3-CH2O correlations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/61150

Georgia Tech

15. Galvis Remolina, Boris. Characterizing the emissions of fine particulate matter in the vicinity of a rail yard.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2013, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52927

► Aerosol emissions from diesel combustion and other activities in rail yards can affect the health of urban populations. Fine particulate (PM[subscript 2.5]) concentrations near the… (more)

▼ Aerosol emissions from diesel combustion and other activities in rail yards can affect the health of urban populations. Fine particulate (PM[subscript 2.5]) concentrations near the Inman and Tilford rail yards in Atlanta, Georgia, are the highest measured in the state. The rail yard complex is surrounded by homes, schools, businesses and other industries. The impact of the aerosol emissions from these rail yards on local concentrations of PM[subscript 2.5] was quantified. Specifically, black carbon and PM[subscript 2.5] fuel-based emission factors from the rail yards were estimated by carbon balance using high time-resolution monitoring, a BC and PM[subscript 2.5] emissions inventory was estimated and dispersion modeling was applied to assess the impact of the rail yard activities on local air quality and the cost and benefits of upgrading locomotive engines with cleaner technologies was assessed. Further, baseline information that will allow a later evaluation of the improvement of local air quality as locomotives operating in the rail yards are upgraded was generated, and a composition profile of the rail yard aerosols was developed using chemical speciation techniques. These results found that activities from locomotives in the Inman and Tilford Rail yards lead to and an average emission factor of 6.0 ± 0.5 g of PM[subscript 2.5] per gallon of fuel and are responsible for increases in annual average concentrations of approximately 1.3 µg/m³ of PM[subscript 2.5] as far as 1 km from the perimeter of the rail yard complex. Approximately 11.7 tons of BC and 26 tons of PM[subscript 2.5] per year were emitted from the rail yards in 2011. The rail yards were found to be important sources of hydrocarbon-like organic aerosols (HOA) and black carbon from fuel (BCf). Upgrading the engines at the rail yards would decrease PM[subscript 2.5] emissions by about 9 t/year, reducing PM[subscript 2.5] concentrations around 0.5±0.1 µg/m³ as far as 1 km from the perimeter of the rail yard complex and producing monetized health benefits of approximately 24 million dollars per year. Advisors/Committee Members: Russell, Armistead G. (advisor), Ng, Nga Lee (committee member), Bergin, Michael H. (committee member), Mulholland, James A. (committee member), Weber, Rodney J. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Air quality impact from rail yards; Black carbon; Fine particulate matter; Acsm

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APA (6^th Edition):

Galvis Remolina, B. (2013). Characterizing the emissions of fine particulate matter in the vicinity of a rail yard. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52927

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Galvis Remolina, Boris. “Characterizing the emissions of fine particulate matter in the vicinity of a rail yard.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52927.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Galvis Remolina, Boris. “Characterizing the emissions of fine particulate matter in the vicinity of a rail yard.” 2013. Web. 18 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Galvis Remolina B. Characterizing the emissions of fine particulate matter in the vicinity of a rail yard. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52927.

Council of Science Editors:

Galvis Remolina B. Characterizing the emissions of fine particulate matter in the vicinity of a rail yard. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52927

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