+publisher:"Freie Universität Berlin" +contributor:("Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries")

Freie Universität Berlin

1. Kyselova, Vera. Model study on the behaviour of Salmonella Typhimurium on meat surfaces at different temperature/ time- conditions and in consideration of the competitive flora.

Degree: 2010, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-7103

► According to Regulation (EC) No. 853/2004 meat must be chilled immediately after slaughter to a temperature throughout the meat of not more than 7°C. To… (more)

▼ According to Regulation (EC) No. 853/2004 meat must be chilled immediately after slaughter to a temperature throughout the meat of not more than 7°C. To find out the effects of different temperature/ time- combinations on the bacterial flora on meat surfaces, meat surfaces were inoculated with Salmonella and a known accompanying flora of Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis and incubated with 12 different temperature/ time- combinations (30°C and 15°C for 2 h and 6 h, 10°C and 7°C for 2 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h, respectively). The aim of this study was to discover if the accompanying flora is able to suppress Salmonella under certain circumstances. Two bacterial mixtures with different Salmonella- concentrations were prepared: \- Salmonella in low concentration compared to the accompanying flora \- Salmonella in high concentration compared to the accompanying flora The surface of M. longissimus dorsi of chilled pig carcasses was used for the tests. After inoculation (in each case 20 cm2) with the respective bacterial mixtures the samples were stored at the mentioned temperature and time- combinations. Afterwards the total bacterial counts and Salmonella detection were performed qualitatively and quantitatively. Totally 432 meat surfaces were inoculated and evaluated. The quantitative Salmonella detection was performed with a modified MPN- procedure. Salmonella was found in all temperature/ time- combinations with low as well as with high Salmonella concentrations. Salmonella in low concentration: overall Salmonella was detected in 85 out of 216 surface samples. The quantitative results (means) showed a lower growth rate at 10°C compared to the growth rate at 30°C, 15°C and 7°C. Salmonella in high concentration: qualitative analysis showed positive Salmonella detection in 212 out of 216 surface samples, independently of temperature and time. The accompanying flora had no negative effects on the Salmonella growth. With low as well as high Salmonella concentrations Salmonella was detected at all temperature and time combinations, even at low temperatures (7°C, 10°C) Salmonella detection was positive. After incubation at higher temperatures the bacterial flora on the meat surface was reduced, which indicated on a psychro- adaptive accompanying flora. The results show that none of the tested temperatures were able to suppress Salmonella. Advisors/Committee Members: n (gender), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Fries%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries (firstReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20G.%20Hildebrandt%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. G. Hildebrandt (furtherReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20L.%20H.%20Wieler%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. L. H. Wieler (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: meat hygiene; psychrotrophic bacteria; Salmonella Typhimurium; Staphylococcus aureus; Bacillus subtilis; microbial contamination; temperature; cooling; sampling; bacterial count; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Kyselova, V. (2010). Model study on the behaviour of Salmonella Typhimurium on meat surfaces at different temperature/ time- conditions and in consideration of the competitive flora. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-7103

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kyselova, Vera. “Model study on the behaviour of Salmonella Typhimurium on meat surfaces at different temperature/ time- conditions and in consideration of the competitive flora.” 2010. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-7103.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kyselova, Vera. “Model study on the behaviour of Salmonella Typhimurium on meat surfaces at different temperature/ time- conditions and in consideration of the competitive flora.” 2010. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kyselova V. Model study on the behaviour of Salmonella Typhimurium on meat surfaces at different temperature/ time- conditions and in consideration of the competitive flora. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-7103.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kyselova V. Model study on the behaviour of Salmonella Typhimurium on meat surfaces at different temperature/ time- conditions and in consideration of the competitive flora. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2010. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-7103

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

2. Klingbeil, Maria. Investigation of influence factors on yield, quality and calcium content of first colostrum in holstein friesian cows.

Degree: 2015, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12429

► The objective of this study was to investigate the factors that affect the quantity, quality, and calcium content of the first colostrum in Holstein Friesian… (more)

▼ The objective of this study was to investigate the factors that affect the quantity, quality, and calcium content of the first colostrum in Holstein Friesian cows, with special emphasis on composition and potency. It should be verify that the lactation number is the main influence factor and that the amount of colostrum is etiologic for the developing of puerperal paresis. Another aim was to obtain more detailed data on the relation between the quantity and quality of colostrum and explore the possibilities and limits of affecting it. An observational study was conducted from April 2012 to March 2013 at a commercial dairy farm (2177 Holstein Friesians, average annual milk priduction approx. 11,300 kg, fat content 3.9%, protein content 3.3%). The quantity of the colostrum was determined within a half an hour after calving using a direct-tocan milking machine. The immunoglobulin concentration was estimated by refractometer and the calcium content was measured in an external laboratory. To determine calcium, phosphorus, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and beta hydroxybutyrate (BHB), a blood sample was taken from the coccygeal vein on calving day and on one and seven days postpartum. To determine body condition, the back fat thickness was measured by ultrasound at drying off (6 weeks prepartum), at transfer to the preparatory group (2 weeks prepartum), one day postpartum, at transfer to the production groups (2 weeks postpartum), and 6 weeks postpartum. In addition, the daily milk production on milking days 1 to 7, the mean production on milking days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42, and the 100-day milk production were documented. Calving data (calf gender, number, weight, calving process, stillbirths) and lactation number, father of the cow, length of gestation, age at first calving, length of the dry period, fertility parameters of prelactation (days open, number of inseminations), and diseases during the dry period and up to 3 days postpartum were included in the analysis. A stepwise analysis of the data for correlations and influencing factors was conducted by means of variance analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. The average colostrum quantity was 5.6 kg with an immunoglobulin concentration of 65.6 g/l and a calcium concentration of 2,386 mg/l. The analysis showed that there are a number of influencing factors that have an effect on the quantity of colostrum. However, only ¼ of the variability of the colostrum quantity could be explained using the influencing factors examined. The dominant effect of the lactation number that was assumed in the working hypothesis was not confirmed. Instead, the effect of the lactation number is attenuated by other, more potent factors. Strong factors were milk production in the following lactation period, diseases after calving, the length of the period from drying off to transfer to the preparatory group, the father of the cow (genetics), and the weight of the calf. There is no relation to the content of calcium in the blood. The amount of calcium is… Advisors/Committee Members: w (gender), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Staufenbiel%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Staufenbiel (firstReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20H.%20Gehlen%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. H. Gehlen (furtherReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Fries%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: dairy cows; cow colostrum; calcium; hypocalcaemia; milk yield; milk quality; limiting factors; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Klingbeil, M. (2015). Investigation of influence factors on yield, quality and calcium content of first colostrum in holstein friesian cows. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12429

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Klingbeil, Maria. “Investigation of influence factors on yield, quality and calcium content of first colostrum in holstein friesian cows.” 2015. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12429.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Klingbeil, Maria. “Investigation of influence factors on yield, quality and calcium content of first colostrum in holstein friesian cows.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Klingbeil M. Investigation of influence factors on yield, quality and calcium content of first colostrum in holstein friesian cows. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12429.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Klingbeil M. Investigation of influence factors on yield, quality and calcium content of first colostrum in holstein friesian cows. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2015. Available from: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12429

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

3. Einschütz, Kathrin. Examination of the effectiveness of different techniques to reduce contamination on hand-held units in meat processing.

Degree: 2004, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14287

► According to the German Regulation on Meat Inspection and Meat Hygiene (Fleischhygieneverordnung) a temperature of 82 °C or another appropriate measure is mandatory for cleaning… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: on-line sanitiser; cleaning and disinfection; knives; ultrasound; lactic acid; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Einschütz, K. (2004). Examination of the effectiveness of different techniques to reduce contamination on hand-held units in meat processing. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14287

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Einschütz, Kathrin. “Examination of the effectiveness of different techniques to reduce contamination on hand-held units in meat processing.” 2004. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14287.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Einschütz, Kathrin. “Examination of the effectiveness of different techniques to reduce contamination on hand-held units in meat processing.” 2004. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Einschütz K. Examination of the effectiveness of different techniques to reduce contamination on hand-held units in meat processing. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2004. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14287.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Einschütz K. Examination of the effectiveness of different techniques to reduce contamination on hand-held units in meat processing. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2004. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14287

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

4. Schmidt, Sandra. Development of a blended-learning-course and studies concerning acceptance and integration into veterinary medical education.

Degree: 2007, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-8959

► Universities are facing new problems because of the current enormous growth of knowledge and increasing requirements in veterinary medical education. Next to basic education the… (more)

▼ Universities are facing new problems because of the current enormous growth of knowledge and increasing requirements in veterinary medical education. Next to basic education the veterinary medical educational institutions are requested to enable specialization to students and to provide postgraduate education. For this there is a search for new ways of knowledge transfer. In connection with academic education, e-learning is of increasing importance. The objective of this project was design and development of e-learning materials and their use in university courses. Acceptance of e-learning and its possibilities of integration into the veterinary medical education was evaluated. As an example the course Basics of naturopathic treatment was developed into the form of a blended-learning course. The weekly ex-cathedra teaching was supplemented by e-learning materials. The interactive materials served as preparation and post-processing, as well as for absorption of the contents of the course. The students should be given the possibility to deal with the contents not depending on any given time and at their own chosen speed. The course was offered to students from the 5th to 8th term of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Freie Universität Berlin. For creation and management of the e-learning materials the Learning-Management-System Blackboard (Blackboard ® Inc.) was used. This system allowed besides course management and supply of communication tools the integration of different formats into a virtual learning environment. The e-learning materials could then be accessed via the internet. In order to evaluate the method of e-learning and the offered course, two questionnaires were created, one was handed out at the start of the course; whilst the other was handed out at the end of the course. The students considered e-learning a reasonable supplement to conventional teaching methods and enjoyed using it. E-Learning was judged as being suitable for the learning, from basic methods to full expertise. It was valued as better than lectures but not as good as textbooks. The students were generally open-minded about the new teaching methods and approved the wider use of e-learning in academic education. In the future it is intended to create more courses and to offer this course in form of a pure e-learning course. Furthermore the collaboration with other universities will be intensified. Advisors/Committee Members: n (gender), Prof.%20Dr.%20W.%20Heuwieser%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. W. Heuwieser (firstReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Fries%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries (furtherReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20G.%20Hildebrandt%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. G. Hildebrandt (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: e-learning; veterinary education; programmed learning, veterinary education; computers-; internet; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Schmidt, S. (2007). Development of a blended-learning-course and studies concerning acceptance and integration into veterinary medical education. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-8959

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schmidt, Sandra. “Development of a blended-learning-course and studies concerning acceptance and integration into veterinary medical education.” 2007. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-8959.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schmidt, Sandra. “Development of a blended-learning-course and studies concerning acceptance and integration into veterinary medical education.” 2007. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Schmidt S. Development of a blended-learning-course and studies concerning acceptance and integration into veterinary medical education. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-8959.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Schmidt S. Development of a blended-learning-course and studies concerning acceptance and integration into veterinary medical education. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2007. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-8959

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

5. Kropp, Patricia. Sympathetic trunc ganglia of cattle as specific risk material.

Degree: 2009, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12507

► According to the feed hypothesis, in BSE the pathogenic prions spread from the gastrointestinal tract via the peripheral nervous system to the brain. In the… (more)

▼ According to the feed hypothesis, in BSE the pathogenic prions spread from the gastrointestinal tract via the peripheral nervous system to the brain. In the EU, cattle of at least 30 months of age which are slaughtered for consumption are subjected to a rapid BSE diagnostic test. Sampling is carried out from the obex region of the brain stem. However, even if the test result is negative, the BSE-agent may still be present in the host, due to the long route of transfer. These undetected yet BSE infected beef cattle pose a risk to the consumer. Hence, certain tissues that are considered to be part of the potential route of transport for prions, are defined as specific risk material (SRM) in Regulation (EG) No. 999/2001, they removed and destroyed after slaughtering. Nonetheless nerve tissues remain in the carcass which do not fall under this Regulation, but which are part of the transfer route of the agent. These include the sympathetic trunc with its ganglia in the autonomous nervous system. The subject of the current thesis is to analyse the sympathetic trunc ganglia macroscopically and morphometrically. Firstly the anatomic position of the ganglia is described in order to record the macroscopic parameters, i.e. length, width and weight. The average of these parameters was determined for the different types of ganglia located along the sympathetic trunc. Morphometric measurements were undertaken on the largest possible cross-sectional cut of a ganglion and the nerve cell soma (perikarya) visible on the microscopic level of this cut were counted. Prions are expressed on the cell surface. So the ganglia with the highest perikarya count in the cross-sectional cut could carry a higher BSE risk. Size, weight and perikarya count of a chain ganglia were found to correlate with each other. The largest ganglion, the ganglion stellatum, was also the heaviest and featured a high count of perikarya on the cross-sectional cut. The frontal thoracic ganglia also featured high values, whereas the retral breast chain ganglia and the first four loin ganglia, all smaller and lighter, were found not to have such a high perikarya count. The data for the ganglia L5, L6 and S1 were elevated, both in terms of the macroscopic parameters, i.e. length, width and weight, and in terms of the morphometrical perikarya count. The readings for the additional sacral ganglia were reduced. Ganglia that reach the food chain to a varying yet degree are the Ganglion stellatum (G.s.), the ganglia of the frontal breast area (T2-T6), as well as the ganglia of the loin area (L1-L6). However, the ganglia of the retral breast area (T7-T13) and the ganglia of the sacral bone (S1-S5) almost exclusively remain on the bone and are largely disposed of together with the vertebral column. In order to reduce the risk to the consumer, the Ganglion stellatum should be declared as SRM due to its size and in accordance to practical feasibility. For the additional ganglia in the breast area and sacral bone area it may be sufficient to set up Standard operational Procedurs.… Advisors/Committee Members: n (gender), Prof. Dr. K.-D. Budras (firstReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Fries%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries (furtherReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20G.%20Hildebrandt%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. G. Hildebrandt (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: cattle; bovine spongiform encephalopathy; ganglia; sympathetic nervous system; anatomy; histology; morphometrics; food safety; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Kropp, P. (2009). Sympathetic trunc ganglia of cattle as specific risk material. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12507

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kropp, Patricia. “Sympathetic trunc ganglia of cattle as specific risk material.” 2009. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12507.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kropp, Patricia. “Sympathetic trunc ganglia of cattle as specific risk material.” 2009. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kropp P. Sympathetic trunc ganglia of cattle as specific risk material. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12507.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kropp P. Sympathetic trunc ganglia of cattle as specific risk material. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2009. Available from: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12507

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

6. Goebbels, Michael. Investigation for the practical use of anionic rations to prevent hypocalcemia in dairy herds.

Degree: 2006, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12567

► The aim of this study was to find a solution how to valuate the effect of anionic rations with herd datas and to make the… (more)

▼ The aim of this study was to find a solution how to valuate the effect of anionic rations with herd datas and to make the use of anions safer. The first part of the study shows the examinations about the practical use of the measurement of urine ph to valuate the effects of anions on the acid-base status. For that purpose, samples of urine were taken for eight weeks from the two weeks prepartum cows of two different farms. The ph was measured with an electrical ph-meter in the cowshed and with ph-stripes directly after the winning. Apart from that, the urine was frozen and after defrosting measured with an electrical ph-meter in the lab. The measurement of the ph by ph- stripes showed nearly the similar results than the measurement of the urine ph by electrical ph-meter directly after the winning. After defrosting the urine, the results of the urine ph were slightly increased. Within the scope of herd management fifty farms were visited and some of them more than one time. Blood and urine samples were taken from close up dry cows and recently calved cows. The ration of the close up dry cows was analysed. Ten single samples of blood and urine were necessary to produce a pool sample. The values of the pool samples of urine ph, net acid-base excretion and urine calcium excretion were compared with the mean values of the single samples. There were high correlations between the pool and the mean values for each of the parameters. Because of that, the pool and the mean values have nearly the same content of information. The analyses of the rations from 2002 to 2004 contain the dcad and the amount of potassium, sodium, chloride and sulphur. Herds with and without anionic rations were compared. The analysis of the feed of herds with anionic rations showed a lower dcad and a higher amount of sulphur in all of the three years. But the recommendations of the NRC were not achieved. That is an indication that not enough anionic salts were used refer to the rations content. To examine the influence of more factors of the ration on the effect of the anions the urine ph, the net acid-base excretion and the urine calcium excretion were compared with the parameters of the rations. The effect of reducing the dcad and the amount of potassium as well as the effect of increasing the amount of calcium and sulphur in the ration is a mild acidosis and an increased urine calcium excretion. These are the effects of the anions. Within feeding anions there should be a shift of the major elements. This leads to a decreased dcad and to the metabolic effects as described. The same effects on the acid-base status and the urine calcium excretion were observed by feeding an increased amount of starch and a decreased amount of crude fibre. This could simulate the effect of anionic rations. The parameters of the energy concentration in the rations have a slight correlation with the parameters of the acid-base status. At low amounts of energy there is an acidotic stress of the animals. This has to be avoided when farmers use anionic rations because it… Advisors/Committee Members: n (gender), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Staufenbiel%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Staufenbiel (firstReferee), Prof. Dr. H. Tönhardt (furtherReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Fries%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: dairy cow; hypocalcemic parturient paresis; dietary cation-anion balance; acid-base status; anionic salts; major elements; metabolic profile; herd management; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Goebbels, M. (2006). Investigation for the practical use of anionic rations to prevent hypocalcemia in dairy herds. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12567

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Goebbels, Michael. “Investigation for the practical use of anionic rations to prevent hypocalcemia in dairy herds.” 2006. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12567.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Goebbels, Michael. “Investigation for the practical use of anionic rations to prevent hypocalcemia in dairy herds.” 2006. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Goebbels M. Investigation for the practical use of anionic rations to prevent hypocalcemia in dairy herds. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12567.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Goebbels M. Investigation for the practical use of anionic rations to prevent hypocalcemia in dairy herds. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2006. Available from: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/12567

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

7. Ziemke, Julia Victoria. Behavioural disorders in fattening pigs and its influence on findings in meat inspection.

Degree: 2007, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/11117

► Observation of the pigs: Behavioural disorders frequently appear in intensively housed pigs, especially tail biting, ear biting and anal massage. Tail biting signifies two similar… (more)

▼ Observation of the pigs: Behavioural disorders frequently appear in intensively housed pigs, especially tail biting, ear biting and anal massage. Tail biting signifies two similar behavioural disorders of pigs. It is necessary to distinguish between tail biting and tail eating (caudophagia); caudophagia signifies eating a part or even the entire pigtail. In this way pig´s complete tail can be eaten by penmates. First elements of tail biting may be the so called tail- in mouth-behaviour (TIM), observed in weaned piglets. Ear biting signifies suckling and rooting on penmate´s ears until the skin is damaged and even bleeding. This behavioural disorder was observed at an age of 10-12 weeks. Anal massage signifies massageing pig´s anus and the posterior region by penmates, leading to strongly swelled and bleeding wounds of the anal region. Anal biting proceeds from biting the edge of the exterior anal region by penmates, so that bleeding tissue- rags are hanging around. In serious cases the whole perinal region is concerned, so that a prolapse of the rectum may result. causal relations: In intensive pig husbandry certain behavioural needs are strongly limited. Subsequently, acting on compensatory objects (here: penmates) does not satisfy the motivation of the pigs, but it leads to damages and pain of this penmate, used as substitute object. There are many references in literature which show the factors favouring the beginning of tail biting, i.e. flooring systems in the pen, group size/ pigs per m², climate influences, nutrition, nutrition regime and availability of playing materials, but also tail docking and animal specific factors like sex (boars/ gilts), the social hierarchy in the group, or disease influencing the beginning of tail and ear biting. Particulary in fully or half- slatted flooring systems increased tail biting can be anticipated. An increased tail biting in barrows was noticeable. Clear reasons concerning this phemomene have not been found out. The animal´s status in the herd can favour as well the development of tail biting, because pig´s social position in the group is related closely to body weight. Tail- bitten animals had often a lower weight than their unbitten penmates. A lower body weight can be the cause as well as consequence of tail biting. Different explications regarding this cause could be found. Some explications correspond on rank-dependend behavioural strategies, whereby heavyweightened, high ranking pigs rather affect to behavioural disorders as smaller, lower ranking animals. Other explications correspond on growing-and nutritional based deficiencies or subclinical diseases in leight- weightened pigs. Consequences: The results of these behavioural disorders leads to financial losses in economical range as well as in animal´s wellbeing. Tail- bitten pigs suffer not only from infections of the tailstump and the surrounding tissues, but tail biting also leads to reduced growth rates, decreased daily weight gain, carcass losses, partially or totally carcass condemnation as well as… Advisors/Committee Members: n (gender), Univ. Prof. Dr. R. Fries (firstReferee), Prof. Dr. Gerd Schlenker (furtherReferee), Univ. Prof. Dr. Jörg Luy (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: abnormal behaviour; cannibalism; tail biting; pigs; finishing; meat inspection; carcass-condemnation; enrichment; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ziemke, J. V. (2007). Behavioural disorders in fattening pigs and its influence on findings in meat inspection. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/11117

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ziemke, Julia Victoria. “Behavioural disorders in fattening pigs and its influence on findings in meat inspection.” 2007. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/11117.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ziemke, Julia Victoria. “Behavioural disorders in fattening pigs and its influence on findings in meat inspection.” 2007. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ziemke JV. Behavioural disorders in fattening pigs and its influence on findings in meat inspection. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/11117.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ziemke JV. Behavioural disorders in fattening pigs and its influence on findings in meat inspection. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2007. Available from: https://refubium.fu-berlin.de/handle/fub188/11117

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

8. Bachari, Mostafa. Sheep and Transmissible Spongiforme Enzephalopathie - Data concerning sheep and mutton consumption as necessary background to estimate sheep as TSE risk factor.

Degree: 2003, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-13701

► The retransfer of the zoonotic BSE agent back to the species sheep can not be exluded as yet. In this study, data about husbandry, breeding,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Schaf; Transmissible Spongiforme Encephalopathie; Veterinary Public Health; Haltung; Konsum; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bachari, M. (2003). Sheep and Transmissible Spongiforme Enzephalopathie - Data concerning sheep and mutton consumption as necessary background to estimate sheep as TSE risk factor. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-13701

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bachari, Mostafa. “Sheep and Transmissible Spongiforme Enzephalopathie - Data concerning sheep and mutton consumption as necessary background to estimate sheep as TSE risk factor.” 2003. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-13701.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bachari, Mostafa. “Sheep and Transmissible Spongiforme Enzephalopathie - Data concerning sheep and mutton consumption as necessary background to estimate sheep as TSE risk factor.” 2003. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bachari M. Sheep and Transmissible Spongiforme Enzephalopathie - Data concerning sheep and mutton consumption as necessary background to estimate sheep as TSE risk factor. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2003. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-13701.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bachari M. Sheep and Transmissible Spongiforme Enzephalopathie - Data concerning sheep and mutton consumption as necessary background to estimate sheep as TSE risk factor. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2003. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-13701

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

9. Mersmann, Claudia. Legal assessment of Salmonella findings in food.

Degree: 2001, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-12489

► Not only in Germany, human salmonellosis due to consumption of contaminated food of animal origin is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal infections. Since the… (more)

▼ Not only in Germany, human salmonellosis due to consumption of contaminated food of animal origin is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal infections. Since the entry into force of the duty of notification in accordance with BSeuchG 1962, the incidence continuously in-creased with S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium as the most frequent serovars. To protect the consumer from Salmonella infections, the law relating to food production and distribution has laid down minimum hygienic requirements for the handling of food and criteria to assess its presence in food. As a prerequisite for the assessment of the efficiency of these legal requirements for user protection, the present paper first discusses the epidemiological context and legal regulations with respect to salmonellae. Based on the compiled facts it was discussed and established whether the legal regulations are sufficient to deal with the presence of salmonellae on a reasonable safety level, whether the legal environment has weak points with respect to certain types of food or circumstances, or whether law includes inadequately serious responses to the presence of salmonellae. Results It is possible to reliably destroy the Gramnegative rod-like bacteria of the genus Enterobacteriaceae by heating food to 70 °C for 1 minute. All other procedures (i.e. drying, salting, fermentation, nitrite addition and cooling) only inhibit growth without however killing the salmonellae. Main sources of human salmonellosis are types of food of animal origin, including eggs and crude egg products that most frequently are suspected and identified as vehicles for salmo-nellae. However, salmonellae can be detected in nearly all types of food, in particular poultry meat that may be contaminated up to the half of the investigated lots (39 %). Average contamination rates are reported as follows: beef: 1 %, pork: 4 %, minced meat: 8 %, milk and milk products: < 1 %, eggs and egg-containing types of food: 0.4 %, bread, cakes and pastries: 1.4 %. Under consideration of the origin of the raw materials, the technology used for the production process, the final preparation of food for consumption under kitchen conditions and the resulting classification for the risk that a specific food might be contaminated with salmonellae, it is possible to deduce a risk assessment for the consumer including a specific risk tendency. For the protection of consumers against substances that are dangerous to health and that are (contained in) commercially available types of food, the law relating to food production and distribution has laid down a number of regulations on various levels (general hygiene requirements, Salmonella treatment and assessment regulations) that apply to the presence of salmonellae. A comparison of legal directives and their relation to the risk to the user by individual types of food demonstrates that in some cases the legal requirements for the handling of pork and poultry are not adequate. The legal limits of carcass and meat examination mainly apply… Advisors/Committee Members: n (gender), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Fries%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries (firstReferee), Prof.%20G.%20Hildebrandt%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. G. Hildebrandt (furtherReferee), Prof.%20W.%20M%C3%83%C2%BCller%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. W. Müller (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: Salmonella-; foodborne diseases; legislation-; food-safety; consumer-protection; Germany-; risks assessment; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mersmann, C. (2001). Legal assessment of Salmonella findings in food. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-12489

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mersmann, Claudia. “Legal assessment of Salmonella findings in food.” 2001. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-12489.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mersmann, Claudia. “Legal assessment of Salmonella findings in food.” 2001. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mersmann C. Legal assessment of Salmonella findings in food. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2001. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-12489.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mersmann C. Legal assessment of Salmonella findings in food. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2001. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-12489

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

10. Rindermann, Georg. The effect of CO2 anaesthesia on slaughter pigs suffering from pneumonia.

Degree: 2008, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-7565

► CO2 is considered as a feasible way to stun pigs for slaughter. This circumstance includes the necessity of having an efficient method of stunning animals… (more)

▼ CO2 is considered as a feasible way to stun pigs for slaughter. This circumstance includes the necessity of having an efficient method of stunning animals with pathologic changes in the lung parenchyma, when a decreased exchange of respiratory gases could be assumed. This work should contribute to evaluate the efficacy of CO2 stunning in pigs showing alterations in the lung parenchyma (e.g. pneumonia). Stunning systems in two different slaughterhouses have been investigated. Slaughterhouse 1 uses a concentration of 90% CO2 with a residence time of 120 seconds. Slaughterhouse 2 applies 90% CO2 for a time span of 90 seconds. Preassigned, criteria have been established to evaluate the efficacy of stunning, which includes the corneal reflex and the nose prick reflex. Additionally, any occurrence of gasping breathing was documented. This data has been obtained immediately after throw-off from the CO2 stunning system. Following bleeding, blood was collected from the incision site for blood gas analysis and blood chemistry from whole venous blood. PO2, PCO2 and pH have been determined as blood gas parameters. A decrease of the pH caused by the inspired CO2 served to assess the stage of narcosis. Sodium, Potassium and Chloride were determined from serum samples to assess the strong ion difference (SID) in accordance to the Stewart- model.The purpose was to evaluate the ability and dimension of electrolyte changes caused by CO2 intake. The pathological findings in the lung parenchyma could be divided in a mild, moderate and severe stage. The analysis was designed to combine results from lung evaluation with reflex response, blood gas analysis and serum analysis, respectively. Furthermore, the results of reflex response were associated with the findings of the blood gas analysis (pH, PCO2, PO2) and the SID value. Regarding this particular evaluation, discrimination between both slaughterhouses were possible. Thus, in slaughterhouse 1, the absence of reflexes correlates with a lowered pH, and in addition, blood gas samples of these animals were characterized by decreased PO2 and increased PCO2. SID values, in average, were decreased in animals without showing reflexes. These observations were not reproducible in slaughterhouse 2: a longer residence time in slaughterhouse 1, which comparatively provoked a higher toxic effect, could serve as an explanation. There was no correlation between findings in the lung parenchyma and the observed reflexes; both animals with and without pathologic findings displayed reflex responses in the same percentage. In addition, this was the same in animals with severe pathologic changes, respectively when both slaughterhouses were evaluated in a separate way. The evaluation of the blood gases revealed no difference between animals with and without pathologic findings. Both groups were characterized by markedly reduced pH and PO2 values and increased PCO2 values. The evaluation of SID elicits no differences within the groups. For these particular slaughterhouses, using a CO2 stunning method,… Advisors/Committee Members: n (gender), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Fries%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries (firstReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20H.%20Hartmann%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. H. Hartmann (furtherReferee), Prof. Dr. K.H. Lahrmann (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: Pigs; slaughter; blood gases; carbon dioxide; stunning; pneumonia; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rindermann, G. (2008). The effect of CO2 anaesthesia on slaughter pigs suffering from pneumonia. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-7565

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rindermann, Georg. “The effect of CO2 anaesthesia on slaughter pigs suffering from pneumonia.” 2008. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-7565.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rindermann, Georg. “The effect of CO2 anaesthesia on slaughter pigs suffering from pneumonia.” 2008. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Rindermann G. The effect of CO2 anaesthesia on slaughter pigs suffering from pneumonia. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-7565.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rindermann G. The effect of CO2 anaesthesia on slaughter pigs suffering from pneumonia. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2008. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-7565

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

11. Gooß, Olivia. characterization and in vivo determination of the pathogenicity of new isolates from broiler flocks with malabsorption syndrome.

Degree: 2008, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-4494

► Since the end of 2002 the incidence of a syndrome characterized by diarrhoea and subsequent stunting in broilers starting at six days of age has… (more)

▼ Since the end of 2002 the incidence of a syndrome characterized by diarrhoea and subsequent stunting in broilers starting at six days of age has increased drastically in Germany. In the literature this disease complex is called malabsorption syndrome (MAS). A viral aetiology has been suspected because antimicrobial therapy was not successful. In the present study 68 samples of different organs from 17 broiler flocks with MAS history were investigated virologically. In 56 out of 68 samples reoviruses were isolated and identified by IIFT and electron microscopy. 9 selected samples of the original material, from which only reoviruses had been isolated, were also examined by electron microscopy. Following results were obtained: 4x rotavirus, 1x reovirus, 1x rota- and reovirus, 1x calicivirus with some rota- and reovirus particles and 1x paramyxovirus-like particles. In one sample no any viruses were found. 24 reovirus isolates were selected and classified as enteric reovirus strains (ERS) or reovirus (“non-ERS”) using monoclonal antibodies. 16 isolates were found to be to ERS. For further characterization of selected isolates, morphology of cytopathic effect, size of plaques, results of plaquereduction tests and polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis of extracted RNA were compared. The obtained results did not allow a classification of the reovirus isolates in pathogenic and non-pathogenic. The pathogenicity in vivo of selected isolates was investigated in orally infected one day old SPF-broiler chickens. All birds of the group, which were infected with the ERS-prototype 238/98 (polish strain) died within six days p.i. and the described disease pattern was reproduced. This was not possible with the German ERS-field isolate 120/03-1 as well as the reovirus-prototype-strain S1133. The German “non- ERS”-isolate 259/03 caused a significant reduction of body weight and clinical signs which did not correspond to those in the original flock. The examination of cloacal swabs for virus shedding at different ages showed that a shedding reduction correlated with the increase of antibody level. Histopathological examinations showed in group 238/98 mainly necrosis in liver, spleen and Bursa of Fabricius while in groups S1133, 120/03-1, 120/03-1 (original material, AM) and 259/03 primarily myo- and epicarditis were seen. In addition in group 259/03 gastritis were observed. By immunohistochemistry at the end of the experiment virus antigen could be detected mainly in spleen, Bursa of Fabricius and caecum with caecal tonsils. In samples of organs from birds infected with the German ERS-field isolate 120/03-1, its original material 120/03-1 (AM) as well as the reovirus-prototype-strain S1133 sporadically virus could be reisolated from caecum with caecal tonsils and spleen. In birds infected with the German “non-ERS”-isolate 259/03 neither virus could be reisolated nor virus antigen could be detected in any organ at the end of the experiment. From birds infected with the ERS-prototype 238/98 which died before or on day six p.i. virus could be… Advisors/Committee Members: n (gender), Prof.%20Dr.%20Dr.%20H.%20M.%20Hafez%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. H. M. Hafez (firstReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20K.%20Osterrieder%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. K. Osterrieder (furtherReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Fries%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: poultry diseases; enteritis; avian reovirus; strains; malabsorption; runting; weight reduction; laboratory diagnosis; isolation; identification; characterization; virus neutralization; neutraliszation tests; ELISA; experimental infection; pathology; histopathology; immunhistochemistry; electrophoresis; antibodies; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gooß, O. (2008). characterization and in vivo determination of the pathogenicity of new isolates from broiler flocks with malabsorption syndrome. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-4494

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gooß, Olivia. “characterization and in vivo determination of the pathogenicity of new isolates from broiler flocks with malabsorption syndrome.” 2008. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-4494.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gooß, Olivia. “characterization and in vivo determination of the pathogenicity of new isolates from broiler flocks with malabsorption syndrome.” 2008. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Gooß O. characterization and in vivo determination of the pathogenicity of new isolates from broiler flocks with malabsorption syndrome. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-4494.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gooß O. characterization and in vivo determination of the pathogenicity of new isolates from broiler flocks with malabsorption syndrome. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2008. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-4494

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

12. Piske, Kerstin. The sympathetic trunk ganglia and their fate in northern German cutting plants.

Degree: 2006, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14190

► All cattle slaughtered at an age older than 24 months have to be tested mandatorily for BSE in Germany. Samples are taken from the brainstem.… (more)

▼ All cattle slaughtered at an age older than 24 months have to be tested mandatorily for BSE in Germany. Samples are taken from the brainstem. Given, that prions can occure in the body before being transfered to the brain, unrecognised infected cattle might represent a risk. To minimise that risk, Specified Risk Materials which are defined by the regulation (EC) 999/2001 have to be removed after slaughtering. However, there is residual nervous tissue that is not governed by this regulation. One of those is the sympathetic trunk with its ganglia as a part of the autonomous nervous system. To estimate the risk from these ganglia, their way during slaughter and cutting procedures was observed. Thirty seven cutting plants in Northern Germany were visited and data from 160 workers were taken. Cutting plants were characterised with regard to their capacity: small (cutting capacity under 10 tons per week), middle size (cutting capacity between 10 and 99 tons per week) and large plants (cuttig capacity 100 and more tons per week). For reasons of reproducibility, the trunk was separated into five parts during observation (T1, T2-T6, T7-T13, L1-L6, S1-S5). During cutting, ganglia containing tissues could be sorted into eight different boxes (meat for processing, other meat for consumption, fat for consumption, fat for other use, bones-industry, bones-consumption, bones-SRM, bones-disposal). Every worker was observed three times, the results were recorded in an observation sheet. The tissues were not sorted in the same way. Whereas the rear thoracic ganglia (T7-T13) and sacral ganglia (S1-S5) mostly remained in natural connection with the column bones and were littered as SRM, the ganglion stellatum (T1), the front thoracic ganglia (T2-T6) and also the lumbal ganglia (L1-L6) went into the food chain in different percentages. There was an obvious difference between cutting plants of different capacities. In addition, there was a difference between workers from the same plant in more than half of all visited plants. Either the workers of one plant sorted differently, or one worker acted differently during the observation period. Such differences were observed more frequently in large cutting plants than in smaller ones. To minimize the differences as much as possible, standardisation is needed. Due to the fact that the majority of beef would be produced in large plants, standard operation prescriptions should be introduced in particular in these large premises. Because of its size and after observation of the cutting procedure, in particular the stellate ganglia (T1) should be put on the list of SRM. For the other thoracic ganglia (T2-T13) and the sacral ganglia (S1-S5) standard operation prescriptions for the removal of the musculature that is associated with the spine and the removal of the transverse processes of the vertebraes are needed. The lumbal ganglia (L1-L6) are hidden between the connective and fat tissues of the filet chain. They could not be taken away in practise. The risk coming from these ganglia should be… Advisors/Committee Members: n (gender), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Fries%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries (firstReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20K.-D.%20Budras%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. K.-D. Budras (furtherReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20G.%20Hildebrandt%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. G. Hildebrandt (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: BSE; prion disease; ganglia; peripheral nervous system; meat cuts; Prionkrankheit; Ganglien; Peripheres Nervensystem; Zerlegung; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Piske, K. (2006). The sympathetic trunk ganglia and their fate in northern German cutting plants. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14190

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Piske, Kerstin. “The sympathetic trunk ganglia and their fate in northern German cutting plants.” 2006. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14190.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Piske, Kerstin. “The sympathetic trunk ganglia and their fate in northern German cutting plants.” 2006. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Piske K. The sympathetic trunk ganglia and their fate in northern German cutting plants. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14190.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Piske K. The sympathetic trunk ganglia and their fate in northern German cutting plants. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2006. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14190

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

13. Marburger, Jutta. Occurrence of Salmonella and Campylobacter in the farm of origin.

Degree: 2007, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-11615

► Six selected pig farms of a fattening association in Lower Saxony, Germany, were surveyed for Salmonella and Campylobacter. It was the aim of the study… (more)

▼ Six selected pig farms of a fattening association in Lower Saxony, Germany, were surveyed for Salmonella and Campylobacter. It was the aim of the study to find out possible relationships between positive results and predilection sites or farm management. The procedure: Samples were taken from the animal environment. Following the black and white separation scheme of the farms, samples were allocated to the interior (faeces, slatted floors, feeding and drinking troughs, flies, boots), to the exterior (water from the site, soil, bird faeces, rectal swabs from dogs or cats) and from the supply and disposing area (feed silos, municipal or fountain water, compost). In addition, farm internal management factors were taken as well as a ground view of the aerea was set up. All farms were visited twice during the year 2003 (between January and June and between September and November). In total, 657 samples were tested for Salmonella (following DIN ISO 6579) and Campylobacter (following ISO DIS 10272). The obtained Salmonella strains were serotyped at the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, the species differentiation of the Campylobacter isolates was performed via biochemical reactions in the laboratory of the institute. Results: Isolates: Results reflect a different burden and distribution of the zoonotic agents in the environment. Salmonella was detected in 5,9 % of all samples. Three of six farms were positive, the percentage ranged from 0,0 % to 28,1 %. Based on all results, isolates were obtained from 6 % of samples from the interior, from 7,8 % of samples from the exterior and in 2,7 % of cases from the supply and disposal area. Predominantly identified were Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Derby. Campylobacter was obtained from 27,4 % of all samples, with a detection rate between 12,5 % and 41,2 %. Campylobacter isolates were only found in the interior (35,0 %) and in the exterior (11,6 %). Predominantly identified species were Campylobacter lari and Campylobacter coli. Management: Circumstances which might promote the occurrence of Salmonella and Campylobacter were identified. Salmonella positive were the animal environments in farms with more than 12 animals per pen (farm D and F) as well as farms with a stocking number of more than 1000 and more animals (farm C and D). However, the effect of stocking number was not always the case: (farm E and F). It was concluded that the presence of more than one species present on the site (farm C) or not appropriate hygiene and farm management (defect drinking trough facilities, spilling liquid manure [farm D]) might further promote the occurrence of Salmonella in the animal environment. A higher burden of Campylobacter was obtained in the environment of farms without disinfection in contrast to farms performing disinfection (farm A and C), with the exemption of farm F (no disinfection), showing the second lowest Campylobacter detection rate. A massive burden of flies (farm E) went along with a high Campylobacter prevalence in the animal environment. Advisors/Committee Members: n (gender), Prof.%20Dr.%20R.%20Fries%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. R. Fries (firstReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20L.H.%20Wieler%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. L.H. Wieler (furtherReferee), Prof.%20Dr.%20K.-H.%20Zessin%22%29&pagesize-30">Univ.-Prof. Dr. K.-H. Zessin (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: Farm of origin; pork chain; environment; Salmonella; Campylobacter; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA (6^th Edition):

Marburger, J. (2007). Occurrence of Salmonella and Campylobacter in the farm of origin. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-11615

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marburger, Jutta. “Occurrence of Salmonella and Campylobacter in the farm of origin.” 2007. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-11615.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marburger, Jutta. “Occurrence of Salmonella and Campylobacter in the farm of origin.” 2007. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Marburger J. Occurrence of Salmonella and Campylobacter in the farm of origin. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-11615.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Marburger J. Occurrence of Salmonella and Campylobacter in the farm of origin. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2007. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-11615

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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