+publisher:"Florida International University" +contributor:("Kenneth G. Furton")

Florida International University

1. Sanchez, Claudia L, Ms. Evaluation of the Scent Collection System for Its Effectiveness in Volatile Organic Compound Collection and Use in Canine Training.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2015, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1914 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15032116 ; FI15032116

► As a result of increased terrorist activity around the world, the development of a canine training aid suitable for daily military operations is necessary… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: explosives; training aid; solid phase micro-extraction; human scent collection system; dynamic and static collection; canine detection; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/electron capture detector.; Analytical Chemistry; Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sanchez, Claudia L, M. (2015). Evaluation of the Scent Collection System for Its Effectiveness in Volatile Organic Compound Collection and Use in Canine Training. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1914 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15032116 ; FI15032116

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sanchez, Claudia L, Ms. “Evaluation of the Scent Collection System for Its Effectiveness in Volatile Organic Compound Collection and Use in Canine Training.” 2015. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1914 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15032116 ; FI15032116.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sanchez, Claudia L, Ms. “Evaluation of the Scent Collection System for Its Effectiveness in Volatile Organic Compound Collection and Use in Canine Training.” 2015. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Sanchez, Claudia L M. Evaluation of the Scent Collection System for Its Effectiveness in Volatile Organic Compound Collection and Use in Canine Training. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2015. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1914 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15032116 ; FI15032116.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sanchez, Claudia L M. Evaluation of the Scent Collection System for Its Effectiveness in Volatile Organic Compound Collection and Use in Canine Training. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2015. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1914 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15032116 ; FI15032116

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

2. Cerreta, Michelle. The Creation and Evaluation of Novel Canine Training Aids for Cocaine Using Molecularly Encapsulated Sol-Gel Polymers and an Investigation of Canine Field Accuracy.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2015, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1901 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15032132 ; FI15032132

► Biological detectors, such as canines, are valuable tools used for the rapid identification of illicit materials. However, recent increased scrutiny over the reliability, field… (more)

▼ Biological detectors, such as canines, are valuable tools used for the rapid identification of illicit materials. However, recent increased scrutiny over the reliability, field accuracy, and the capabilities of each detection canine is currently being evaluated in the legal system. For example, the Supreme Court case, State of Florida v. Harris, discussed the need for continuous monitoring of canine abilities, thresholds, and search capabilities. As a result, the fallibility of canines for detection was brought to light, as well as a need for further research and understanding of canine detection. This study is two-fold, as it looks to not only create new training aids for canines that can be manipulated for dissipation control, but also investigates canine field accuracy to objects with similar odors to illicit materials. It was the goal of this research to improve upon current canine training aid mimics. Sol-gel polymer training aids, imprinted with the active odor of cocaine, were developed. This novel training aid improved upon the longevity of currently existing training aids, while also provided a way to manipulate the polymer network to alter the dissipation rate of the imprinted active odors. The manipulation of the polymer network could allow handlers to control the abundance of odors presented to their canines, familiarizing themselves to their canine’s capabilities and thresholds, thereby increasing the canines’ strength in court. The field accuracy of detection canines was recently called into question during the Supreme Court case, State of Florida v. Jardines, where it was argued that if cocaine’s active odor, methyl benzoate, was found to be produced by the popular landscaping flower, snapdragons, canines will false alert to said flowers. Therefore, snapdragon flowers were grown and tested both in the laboratory and in the field to determine the odors produced by snapdragon flowers; the persistence of these odors once flowers have been cut; and whether detection canines will alert to both growing and cut flowers during a blind search scenario. Results revealed that although methyl benzoate is produced by snapdragon flowers, certified narcotics detection canines can distinguish cocaine’s odor profile from that of snapdragon flowers and will not alert. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth G. Furton, DeEtta Mills, Watson Lees, Anthony DeCaprio, Yong Cai.

Subjects/Keywords: analytical chemistry; chemistry; Analytical Chemistry; Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cerreta, M. (2015). The Creation and Evaluation of Novel Canine Training Aids for Cocaine Using Molecularly Encapsulated Sol-Gel Polymers and an Investigation of Canine Field Accuracy. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1901 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15032132 ; FI15032132

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cerreta, Michelle. “The Creation and Evaluation of Novel Canine Training Aids for Cocaine Using Molecularly Encapsulated Sol-Gel Polymers and an Investigation of Canine Field Accuracy.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1901 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15032132 ; FI15032132.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cerreta, Michelle. “The Creation and Evaluation of Novel Canine Training Aids for Cocaine Using Molecularly Encapsulated Sol-Gel Polymers and an Investigation of Canine Field Accuracy.” 2015. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Cerreta M. The Creation and Evaluation of Novel Canine Training Aids for Cocaine Using Molecularly Encapsulated Sol-Gel Polymers and an Investigation of Canine Field Accuracy. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2015. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1901 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15032132 ; FI15032132.

Council of Science Editors:

Cerreta M. The Creation and Evaluation of Novel Canine Training Aids for Cocaine Using Molecularly Encapsulated Sol-Gel Polymers and an Investigation of Canine Field Accuracy. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2015. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1901 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15032132 ; FI15032132

Florida International University

3. Huertas-Rivera, Adhly M. Identification of the Active Odors From Illicit Substances for the Development of Optimal Canine Training Aids.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2016, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2990 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001232 ; FIDC001232

► The exploitation of illicit substances, such as drugs and explosives, is on the rise. Special attention must therefore be considered to reduce the transportation… (more)

▼ The exploitation of illicit substances, such as drugs and explosives, is on the rise. Special attention must therefore be considered to reduce the transportation and storage of these illicit substances by improving the capability of detection, even when hidden from view. Although analytical methods of detection for both drugs and explosives have improved over time, biological detectors, such as canines, are still commonly used. In comparison to humans, these canines have a larger number of olfactory receptors and a greater olfactory epithelium surface area, providing them with a more enhanced olfaction than that of humans. The premise for the detection of illicit drugs and explosives is based on the premise that these substances though hidden, will emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs). These VOCs are not often the parent drug or explosive, they are essentially a chemical associated with the source and provide a reliable indication of the illicit substance. Previous successful research has been conducted on the identification of the active odors present in the headspace of cocaine, methamphetamine, and MDMA but instead for marijuana and heroin there have been minimum success. Thus, in the present research a method using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was optimized to identify the VOCs makeup of heroin and marijuana to further identify the active odor compound(s) responsible for the alert response of biological detectors (canines). A mixture of acetic acid and acetylsalicylic acid was identified as target odor mimic for heroin by certified detector canines, while a mixture of limonene and caryophyllene was recognized as odor mimic for marijuana by conducting ORTs. The training aids developed successfully mimic the scent of the actual illicit substance and can be used to improve the capabilities of both drug and explosive detection canines. Additionally, as growing threat of improvised explosives has created a worldwide concern and emphasized the requirement of a greater spectra of canine training aids that covers the complete range of explosives available, a new approach for the creation of training aids for IEDs have been evaluated. The use of a dynamic collection system have proved to be an option to develop fast and reliable canine training aids for IEDs. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth G. Furton, Yong Cai, Stewart D'Alessio, Anthony DeCaprio, Jeffrey Joens.

Subjects/Keywords: Illicit substances; Training aids; Canine; Volatile organic compounds (VOCs); Solid Phase Micro-extraction (SPME)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Huertas-Rivera, A. M. (2016). Identification of the Active Odors From Illicit Substances for the Development of Optimal Canine Training Aids. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2990 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001232 ; FIDC001232

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Huertas-Rivera, Adhly M. “Identification of the Active Odors From Illicit Substances for the Development of Optimal Canine Training Aids.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2990 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001232 ; FIDC001232.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Huertas-Rivera, Adhly M. “Identification of the Active Odors From Illicit Substances for the Development of Optimal Canine Training Aids.” 2016. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Huertas-Rivera AM. Identification of the Active Odors From Illicit Substances for the Development of Optimal Canine Training Aids. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2016. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2990 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001232 ; FIDC001232.

Council of Science Editors:

Huertas-Rivera AM. Identification of the Active Odors From Illicit Substances for the Development of Optimal Canine Training Aids. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2016. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2990 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001232 ; FIDC001232

Florida International University

4. Colόn Crespo, Lauren J. Determination of Human Scent Biomarkers for Race, Ethnicity and Gender.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2016, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2442 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC000281 ; FIDC000281

► Human scent has been the focal point of diverse scientific interests and research initiatives for the past several years. The knowledge gained about its… (more)

▼ Human scent has been the focal point of diverse scientific interests and research initiatives for the past several years. The knowledge gained about its composition has favored the advancement of multiple disciplines, and promoted the development of a wide variety of applications. Among these applications is the use of human scent as a resource for Forensic investigations, where scent profiles are often used as evidence to associate individuals to the scene of a crime. The characteristic nature of individual human scent has enabled this type of evidence to be used as a biometric tool for the differentiation of subjects. Nevertheless, the present study discusses a new perspective towards human scent's role and application in Forensic investigations. The foundation of this new perspective consists of employing human scent’s biometric quality to classify individuals using common traits. In this research study, underarm and hand odor samples were collected from Caucasian, Hispanic and East Asian individuals, of both genders. Subjects were also organized into 3 different age groups: 18-30, 35-50 and 55+ years. Headspace Solid Phase Micro-extraction Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to create individual scent profiles for the evaluation of subject classification by age, gender and race/ethnicity. Individual classification was assessed through the identification of qualitative and quantitative patterns in the volatile organic compound (VOC) constituents that characterize human scent. Principal Component and Linear Discriminant analyses of the collected scent profiles, led to the identification and validation of characteristic VOC marker combinations for age, gender and race/ethnicity. Statistical analysis facilitated group classification and differentiation on the basis of these traits. Moreover, this study also evaluated the use of solvent extraction as a complementary technique to HS-SPME for human scent analysis. Findings from this assessment revealed that the simultaneous consideration of data from both extraction techniques favors an enhancement of the classification of subjects by means of human scent. The discoveries achieved in this study represent a significant step for human scent as a forensic tool. The outcome of this research has cleared a new path for further human scent investigation, and highlighted its further relevance to forensic applications. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth G. Furton, Yong Cai, David Chatfield, Watson Lees, DeEtta Mills.

Subjects/Keywords: Forensic Chemistry; Human scent; Scent markers; Volatile organic compounds (VOCs); Underarm odor; Hand odor; Solid Phase Micro-extraction (SPME); Analytical Chemistry; Other Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Colόn Crespo, L. J. (2016). Determination of Human Scent Biomarkers for Race, Ethnicity and Gender. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2442 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC000281 ; FIDC000281

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Colόn Crespo, Lauren J. “Determination of Human Scent Biomarkers for Race, Ethnicity and Gender.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2442 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC000281 ; FIDC000281.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Colόn Crespo, Lauren J. “Determination of Human Scent Biomarkers for Race, Ethnicity and Gender.” 2016. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Colόn Crespo LJ. Determination of Human Scent Biomarkers for Race, Ethnicity and Gender. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2016. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2442 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC000281 ; FIDC000281.

Council of Science Editors:

Colόn Crespo LJ. Determination of Human Scent Biomarkers for Race, Ethnicity and Gender. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2016. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2442 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC000281 ; FIDC000281

Florida International University

5. Francis, Vanquilla Shellman. The Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds from Synthetic Cathinone Derivatives for the Development of Odor Mimic Training Aids.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2017, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3370 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001965 ; FIDC001965

► Methylone, Ethylone, Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), and α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP) collectively referred to as bath salts are a new trend of illicit substances known as synthetic cathinones.… (more)

▼ Methylone, Ethylone, Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), and α-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP) collectively referred to as bath salts are a new trend of illicit substances known as synthetic cathinones. Designed by chemically modifying the core structure of the compound cathinone, synthetic cathinones became prevalent within the United States around the mid-2000s. As a cheap and less controlled alternative to methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy), it has become heavily abused, prompting emergency scheduling by federal regulators. Although regulations have been placed to halt incoming traffic of these drugs, lack of ground efforts still leave a large percentage of bath salts available. This study is two-fold, as it seeks to develop an extraction method for the development of Volatile Organic Compound profiles associated with various synthetic cathinones; and also determine the odorant used for canine recognition. The initial goal of this dissertation was to develop an extraction method to characterize various cathinone derivatives. The present study concluded that by employing a Polydimethylsiloxane Divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) coated fiber along with complimentary soft ionization techniques, the volatile components and all parent drugs could be identified within sixteen synthetic cathinone cases. The second goal of the dissertation was to assess and enhance the detection capabilities of narcotic detection teams. Canine field detection is routinely used to stop the increasing distribution influx of drugs into the United States that go undetected by standard procedures currently employed. Although currently canines can detect a multitude of drugs including heroin, cocaine, MDMA, and methamphetamine; this study revealed that more than ten canine teams (throughout south Florida) were not able to detect the presence of synthetic cathinones with current training material. While concerns have grown concerning the safety and reliability of canines being trained on various illicit substances, this research aimed to develop a safe, efficient, controlled alternative to training any canine for detection in the form of a Controlled Mimic Permeation System (COMPS). Field examination concluded that 3,4-methylenedioxypriophenone was the odorant responsible for the canine recognition of the cathinone derivative odor. Therefore a mimic training aid was developed and deployed within the field to enhance the detection capabilities of various canine teams. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth G. Furton, Norman Munroe, John Berry, Watson Lees, Anthony DeCaprio.

Subjects/Keywords: synthetic cathinones; bath salts; synthetic drugs; headspace; odor profile; SPME; drug detection; canine; Controlled Odor Mimic Permeation System; mimic training aids; Analytical Chemistry; Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Francis, V. S. (2017). The Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds from Synthetic Cathinone Derivatives for the Development of Odor Mimic Training Aids. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3370 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001965 ; FIDC001965

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Francis, Vanquilla Shellman. “The Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds from Synthetic Cathinone Derivatives for the Development of Odor Mimic Training Aids.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3370 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001965 ; FIDC001965.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Francis, Vanquilla Shellman. “The Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds from Synthetic Cathinone Derivatives for the Development of Odor Mimic Training Aids.” 2017. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Francis VS. The Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds from Synthetic Cathinone Derivatives for the Development of Odor Mimic Training Aids. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2017. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3370 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001965 ; FIDC001965.

Council of Science Editors:

Francis VS. The Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds from Synthetic Cathinone Derivatives for the Development of Odor Mimic Training Aids. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2017. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3370 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001965 ; FIDC001965

Florida International University

6. Simon, Alison G. The Detection of an Invasive Pathogen through Chemical and Biological Means for the Protection of Commercial Crops.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2017, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3558 ; FIDC004011

► Standoff detection of targets using volatiles is essential when considering substances that are hazardous or dangerous, or for which the presence or location is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Canine detection; laurel wilt; avocado; HS-SPME-GC-MS; Rafaelea lauricola; Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Simon, A. G. (2017). The Detection of an Invasive Pathogen through Chemical and Biological Means for the Protection of Commercial Crops. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3558 ; FIDC004011

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Simon, Alison G. “The Detection of an Invasive Pathogen through Chemical and Biological Means for the Protection of Commercial Crops.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3558 ; FIDC004011.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Simon, Alison G. “The Detection of an Invasive Pathogen through Chemical and Biological Means for the Protection of Commercial Crops.” 2017. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Simon AG. The Detection of an Invasive Pathogen through Chemical and Biological Means for the Protection of Commercial Crops. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2017. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3558 ; FIDC004011.

Council of Science Editors:

Simon AG. The Detection of an Invasive Pathogen through Chemical and Biological Means for the Protection of Commercial Crops. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2017. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3558 ; FIDC004011

Florida International University

7. Brown, Jessica S. Determination of Signature Volatile Odor Chemicals Emanating from Novel Biological Specimens by Non-invasive Analytical Techniques for the Potential use in Forensic Identifications.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2012, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/737 ; 10.25148/etd.FI12111909 ; FI12111909

► Human scent, or the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by an individual, has been recognized as a biometric measurement because of the distinct variations… (more)

▼ Human scent, or the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by an individual, has been recognized as a biometric measurement because of the distinct variations in both the presence and abundance of these VOCs between individuals. In forensic science, human scent has been used as a form of associative evidence by linking a suspect to a scene/object through the use of human scent discriminating canines. The scent most often collected and used with these specially trained canines is from the hands because a majority of the evidence collected is likely to have been handled by the suspect. However, the scents from other biological specimens, especially those that are likely to be present at scenes of violent crimes, have yet to be explored. Hair, fingernails and saliva are examples of these types of specimens. In this work, a headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) technique was used for the identification of VOCs from hand odor, hair, fingernails and saliva. Sixty individuals were sampled and the profiles of the extracted VOCs were evaluated to assess whether they could be used for distinguishing individuals. Preliminary analysis of the biological specimens collected from an individual (intra-subject) showed that, though these materials have some VOCs in common, their overall chemical profile is different for each specimen type. Pair-wise comparisons, using Spearman Rank correlations, were made between the chemical profiles obtained from each subject, per a specimen type. Greater than 98.8% of the collected samples were distinguished from the subjects for all of the specimen types, demonstrating that these specimens can be used for distinguishing individuals. Additionally, field trials were performed to determine the utility of these specimens as scent sources for human scent discriminating canines. Three trials were conducted to evaluate hair, fingernails and saliva in comparison to hand odor, which was considered the standard source of human odor. It was revealed that canines perform similarly to these alternative human scent sources as they do to hand odor implying that, though there are differences in the chemical profiles released by these specimens, they can still be used for the discrimination of individuals by trained canines. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth G. Furton, Jose Almirall, Yong Cai, Stewart D'Alessio, Watson Lees.

Subjects/Keywords: human scent; biological specimens; canine discrimination; forensic chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brown, J. S. (2012). Determination of Signature Volatile Odor Chemicals Emanating from Novel Biological Specimens by Non-invasive Analytical Techniques for the Potential use in Forensic Identifications. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/737 ; 10.25148/etd.FI12111909 ; FI12111909

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brown, Jessica S. “Determination of Signature Volatile Odor Chemicals Emanating from Novel Biological Specimens by Non-invasive Analytical Techniques for the Potential use in Forensic Identifications.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/737 ; 10.25148/etd.FI12111909 ; FI12111909.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brown, Jessica S. “Determination of Signature Volatile Odor Chemicals Emanating from Novel Biological Specimens by Non-invasive Analytical Techniques for the Potential use in Forensic Identifications.” 2012. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Brown JS. Determination of Signature Volatile Odor Chemicals Emanating from Novel Biological Specimens by Non-invasive Analytical Techniques for the Potential use in Forensic Identifications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2012. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/737 ; 10.25148/etd.FI12111909 ; FI12111909.

Council of Science Editors:

Brown JS. Determination of Signature Volatile Odor Chemicals Emanating from Novel Biological Specimens by Non-invasive Analytical Techniques for the Potential use in Forensic Identifications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2012. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/737 ; 10.25148/etd.FI12111909 ; FI12111909

Florida International University

8. Caraballo, Norma Iris. Identification of Characteristic Volatile Organic Compounds Released during the Decomposition Process of Human Remains and Analogues.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2014, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1391 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14040888 ; FI14040888

► The manner in which remains decompose has been and is currently being researched around the world, yet little is still known about the generated… (more)

▼ The manner in which remains decompose has been and is currently being researched around the world, yet little is still known about the generated scent of death. In fact, it was not until the Casey Anthony trial that research on the odor released from decomposing remains, and the compounds that it is comprised of, was brought to light. The Anthony trial marked the first admission of human decomposition odor as forensic evidence into the court of law; however, it was not “ready for prime time” as the scientific research on the scent of death is still in its infancy. This research employed the use of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from decomposing remains and to assess the impact that different environmental conditions had on the scent of death. Using human cadaver analogues, it was discovered that the environment in which the remains were exposed to dramatically affected the odors released by either modifying the compounds that it was comprised of or by enhancing/hindering the amount that was liberated. In addition, the VOCs released during the different stages of the decomposition process for both human remains and analogues were evaluated. Statistical analysis showed correlations between the stage of decay and the VOCs generated, such that each phase of decomposition was distinguishable based upon the type and abundance of compounds that comprised the odor. This study has provided new insight into the scent of death and the factors that can dramatically affect it, specifically, frozen, aquatic, and soil environments. Moreover, the results revealed that different stages of decomposition were distinguishable based upon the type and total mass of each compound present. Thus, based upon these findings, it is suggested that the training aids that are employed for human remains detection (HRD) canines should 1) be characteristic of remains that have undergone decomposition in different environmental settings, and 2) represent each stage of decay, to ensure that the HRD canines have been trained to the various odors that they are likely to encounter in an operational situation. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth G. Furton, José Almirall, David Becker, Yong Cai, DeEtta Mills.

Subjects/Keywords: decomposition odor; human remains; scent of death; human remains detection canines; cadaver dogs; human cadavers; forensics; Analytical Chemistry; Chemistry; Forensic Science and Technology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Caraballo, N. I. (2014). Identification of Characteristic Volatile Organic Compounds Released during the Decomposition Process of Human Remains and Analogues. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1391 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14040888 ; FI14040888

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Caraballo, Norma Iris. “Identification of Characteristic Volatile Organic Compounds Released during the Decomposition Process of Human Remains and Analogues.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1391 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14040888 ; FI14040888.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Caraballo, Norma Iris. “Identification of Characteristic Volatile Organic Compounds Released during the Decomposition Process of Human Remains and Analogues.” 2014. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Caraballo NI. Identification of Characteristic Volatile Organic Compounds Released during the Decomposition Process of Human Remains and Analogues. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2014. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1391 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14040888 ; FI14040888.

Council of Science Editors:

Caraballo NI. Identification of Characteristic Volatile Organic Compounds Released during the Decomposition Process of Human Remains and Analogues. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2014. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1391 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14040888 ; FI14040888

Florida International University

9. Mendel, Julian L. Laurel Wilt Disease: Early Detection through Canine Olfaction and "Omics" Insights into Disease Progression.

Degree: PhD, Biology, 2017, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3475 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001920 ; FIDC001920

► Laurel wilt disease is a vascular wilt affecting the xylem and water conductivity in trees belonging to the family Lauraceae. The disease was introduced… (more)

▼ Laurel wilt disease is a vascular wilt affecting the xylem and water conductivity in trees belonging to the family Lauraceae. The disease was introduced by an invasive species of ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus. The beetle, together with its newly described fungal symbiont Raffaelea lauricola (pathogenic to host trees), has lead to the devastation and destruction of over 300 million wild redbay trees in southeastern forests. Ambrosia beetles make up a very unique clade of beetle and share a co-evolved obligatory mutualistic relationship with their partner fungi. Rather than consuming host tree material, the beetles excavate galleries or canals within them. These galleries serve two purposes: reproduction and fungal gardening. The beetles house fungal spores within specialized sacs, mycangia, and essentially inoculate host trees with the pathogenic agent. They actively grow and cultivate gardens of the fungus in galleries to serve as their sole food source. Once the fungus reaches the xylem vessels of the host tree, it thrives and leads to the blockage of water flow, both because of fungal accumulation and to the host response of secreting gels, gums and tyloses to occlude vessels in an attempt to quarantine the fungus. This disease spreads rapidly, and as a result, once symptoms become visible to the naked eye, it is already too late to save the tree, and it has likely already spread to adjacent ones. The present study presents the first documented study involving the early detection of disease from deep within a tree through the use of scent-discriminating canines. In addition, the present study has lead to the development of a novel sample collection device enabling the non-destructive sampling of beetle galleries. Finally, a metabolomics approach revealed key biochemical pathway modifications in the disease state, as well as potential clues to disease development. Advisors/Committee Members: DeEtta Mills, Kenneth G. Furton, Jeffrey Wells, Heather Bracken-Grissom, Eric Von-Wettberg.

Subjects/Keywords: Laurel wilt disease; metabolomics; plant disease; canine olfaction; Agriculture; Biochemistry; Bioinformatics; Plant Pathology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mendel, J. L. (2017). Laurel Wilt Disease: Early Detection through Canine Olfaction and "Omics" Insights into Disease Progression. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3475 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001920 ; FIDC001920

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mendel, Julian L. “Laurel Wilt Disease: Early Detection through Canine Olfaction and "Omics" Insights into Disease Progression.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3475 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001920 ; FIDC001920.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mendel, Julian L. “Laurel Wilt Disease: Early Detection through Canine Olfaction and "Omics" Insights into Disease Progression.” 2017. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Mendel JL. Laurel Wilt Disease: Early Detection through Canine Olfaction and "Omics" Insights into Disease Progression. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2017. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3475 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001920 ; FIDC001920.

Council of Science Editors:

Mendel JL. Laurel Wilt Disease: Early Detection through Canine Olfaction and "Omics" Insights into Disease Progression. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2017. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3475 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001920 ; FIDC001920

Florida International University

10. Mesa, Rodolfo. Simplifying Sample Preparation using Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: Analysis of Trace Targeted Pollutant Residues in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2017, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3513 ; FIDC004050

► Sample preparation is an essential component of analytical methods in chemistry. It is not only necessary but also presents an opportunity to increase the… (more)

▼ Sample preparation is an essential component of analytical methods in chemistry. It is not only necessary but also presents an opportunity to increase the effectiveness of the method significantly. There are various commercially available technologies for sample preparation, including numerous variations of LLE, SPE, and SPME. However, these technologies all present significant deficiencies, including the inability to extract directly from complex samples such as whole milk. Instrumental analysis has been improved greatly in the last two decades but still is not applicable to complex samples without sample preparation. This work presents the theory of FPSE, including the synthesis of sol-gel sorbents, coating of FPSE cellulose substrates and the mechanism of retention. Original research data presented herein introduce a comprehensive view on possible applications of FPSE in forensic chemistry and otherwise. Five distinct FPSE-based methods were rigorously developed for analysis of targeted pollutant residues. These methods were validated and compare to leading methods published in peer-reviewed literature quite favorably. Four of the methods were coupled to HPLC-UV and designed for trace or ultra-trace analysis of PAHs, BTEX, substituted phenols and nitroaromatic explosives, respectively. An additional FPSE-based method was developed and validated for direct analysis of BPA and five estrogenic EDCs in commercially purchased whole milk. This latter was coupled to both HPLC-UV and HPLC(QQQ)-MS/MS. The applicability of FPSE(PTHF) media was also tested for screening of aqueous samples and subsequent storage of analytes on the sorbent. My study included simultaneous extraction of a mixture of eight forensically significant compounds with various physicochemical properties and effective storage of each compound in frozen and ambient conditions for 32 weeks. These findings suggest that the storage ability of FPSE media can be extended as long as necessary, which is very significant in forensic laboratories where evidence often needs to be stored in a costly manner that may not be as effective in maintaining the chemical composition of the sample. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth G. Furton, PhD, Kathleen Rein, PhD, Anthony DeCaprio, PhD, Jeffrey Wells, PhD, Abuzar Kabir, PhD.

Subjects/Keywords: FPSE; sample preparation; EDCs; PAHs; sample storage; whole milk; environmental samples; analytical chemistry; liquid chromatography; mass spectrometry; Analytical Chemistry; Water Resource Management

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mesa, R. (2017). Simplifying Sample Preparation using Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: Analysis of Trace Targeted Pollutant Residues in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3513 ; FIDC004050

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mesa, Rodolfo. “Simplifying Sample Preparation using Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: Analysis of Trace Targeted Pollutant Residues in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3513 ; FIDC004050.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mesa, Rodolfo. “Simplifying Sample Preparation using Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: Analysis of Trace Targeted Pollutant Residues in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples.” 2017. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Mesa R. Simplifying Sample Preparation using Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: Analysis of Trace Targeted Pollutant Residues in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2017. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3513 ; FIDC004050.

Council of Science Editors:

Mesa R. Simplifying Sample Preparation using Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction: Analysis of Trace Targeted Pollutant Residues in Environmental, Biological and Food Samples. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2017. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3513 ; FIDC004050

Florida International University

11. Jantzi, Sarah C. Elemental Analysis and Forensic Comparison of Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS).

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2013, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/967 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13120403 ; FI13120403

► The elemental analysis of soil is useful in forensic and environmental sciences. Methods were developed and optimized for two laser-based multi-element analysis techniques: laser… (more)

▼ The elemental analysis of soil is useful in forensic and environmental sciences. Methods were developed and optimized for two laser-based multi-element analysis techniques: laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). This work represents the first use of a 266 nm laser for forensic soil analysis by LIBS. Sample preparation methods were developed and optimized for a variety of sample types, including pellets for large bulk soil specimens (470 mg) and sediment-laden filters (47 mg), and tape-mounting for small transfer evidence specimens (10 mg). Analytical performance for sediment filter pellets and tape-mounted soils was similar to that achieved with bulk pellets. An inter-laboratory comparison exercise was designed to evaluate the performance of the LA-ICP-MS and LIBS methods, as well as for micro X-ray fluorescence (μXRF), across multiple laboratories. Limits of detection (LODs) were 0.01-23 ppm for LA-ICP-MS, 0.25-574 ppm for LIBS, 16-4400 ppm for µXRF, and well below the levels normally seen in soils. Good intra-laboratory precision (≤ 6 % relative standard deviation (RSD) for LA-ICP-MS; ≤ 8 % for µXRF; ≤ 17 % for LIBS) and inter-laboratory precision (≤ 19 % for LA-ICP-MS; ≤ 25 % for µXRF) were achieved for most elements, which is encouraging for a first inter-laboratory exercise. While LIBS generally has higher LODs and RSDs than LA-ICP-MS, both were capable of generating good quality multi-element data sufficient for discrimination purposes. Multivariate methods using principal components analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were developed for discriminations of soils from different sources. Specimens from different sites that were indistinguishable by color alone were discriminated by elemental analysis. Correct classification rates of 94.5 % or better were achieved in a simulated forensic discrimination of three similar sites for both LIBS and LA-ICP-MS. Results for tape-mounted specimens were nearly identical to those achieved with pellets. Methods were tested on soils from USA, Canada and Tanzania. Within-site heterogeneity was site-specific. Elemental differences were greatest for specimens separated by large distances, even within the same lithology. Elemental profiles can be used to discriminate soils from different locations and narrow down locations even when mineralogy is similar. Advisors/Committee Members: José R. Almirall, Yong Cai, Kenneth G. Furton, John Berry, Daniel Wescott.

Subjects/Keywords: Soil; sediment; elemental analysis; forensic; sample preparation; discrimination; LA-ICP-MS; LIBS; XRF; laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy; lithology; Analytical Chemistry; Environmental Chemistry; Geochemistry; Soil Science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jantzi, S. C. (2013). Elemental Analysis and Forensic Comparison of Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/967 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13120403 ; FI13120403

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jantzi, Sarah C. “Elemental Analysis and Forensic Comparison of Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS).” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/967 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13120403 ; FI13120403.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jantzi, Sarah C. “Elemental Analysis and Forensic Comparison of Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS).” 2013. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Jantzi SC. Elemental Analysis and Forensic Comparison of Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2013. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/967 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13120403 ; FI13120403.

Council of Science Editors:

Jantzi SC. Elemental Analysis and Forensic Comparison of Soils by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2013. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/967 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13120403 ; FI13120403

12. Holness, Howard K. The Utilization of Chiral Ion Mobility Spectrometry for the Detection of Enantiomeric Mixtures and Thermally Labile Compounds.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2013, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/988 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13120421 ; FI13120421

► This dissertation utilized electrospray ion mobility mass spectrometry (ESI-IMS-MS) to develop methods necessary for the separation of chiral compounds of forensic interest. The compounds… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: electrospray; ion mobility; mass spectrometry; chiral; explosives; Analytical Chemistry; Evidence; Laboratory and Basic Science Research; Science and Technology Law

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APA (6^th Edition):

Holness, H. K. (2013). The Utilization of Chiral Ion Mobility Spectrometry for the Detection of Enantiomeric Mixtures and Thermally Labile Compounds. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/988 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13120421 ; FI13120421

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Holness, Howard K. “The Utilization of Chiral Ion Mobility Spectrometry for the Detection of Enantiomeric Mixtures and Thermally Labile Compounds.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/988 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13120421 ; FI13120421.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Holness, Howard K. “The Utilization of Chiral Ion Mobility Spectrometry for the Detection of Enantiomeric Mixtures and Thermally Labile Compounds.” 2013. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Holness HK. The Utilization of Chiral Ion Mobility Spectrometry for the Detection of Enantiomeric Mixtures and Thermally Labile Compounds. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2013. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/988 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13120421 ; FI13120421.

Council of Science Editors:

Holness HK. The Utilization of Chiral Ion Mobility Spectrometry for the Detection of Enantiomeric Mixtures and Thermally Labile Compounds. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2013. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/988 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13120421 ; FI13120421

13. Batchu, Sudha Rani. Photo Degradation of Cotnaminants of Emerging concern (CECs) under Simulated Solar Radiation: Implications for their Environmental Fate.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2013, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/859 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13042324 ; FI13042324

► Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are continuously being released into the environment mainly because of their incomplete removal in the sewage treatment plants (STPs).… (more)

▼ Contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) are continuously being released into the environment mainly because of their incomplete removal in the sewage treatment plants (STPs). The CECs selected for the study include antibiotics (macrolides, sulfonamides and ciprofloxacin), sucralose (an artificial sweetener) and dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS, chemical dispersant used in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill). After being discharged into waterways from STPs, photo degradation is a key factor in dictating the environmental fate of antibiotics and sucralose. Photodegradation efficiency depends on many factors such as pH of the matrix, matrix composition, light source and structure of the molecule. These factors exert either synergistic or antagonistic effects in the environment and thus experiments with isolated factors may not yield the same results as the natural environmental processes. Hence in the current study photodegradation of 13 CECs (antibiotics, sucralose and dicotyl sulfosuccinate) were evaluated using natural water matrices with varying composition (deionized water, fresh water and salt water) as well as radiation of different wavelengths (254 nm, 350 nm and simulated solar radiation) in order to mimic natural processes. As expected the contribution of each factor on the overall rate of photodegradation is contaminant specific, for example under similar conditions, the rate in natural waters compared to pure water was enhanced for antibiotics (2-11 fold), significantly reduced for sucralose (no degradation seen in natural waters) and similar in both media for DOSS. In general, it was observed that the studied compounds degraded faster at 254 nm, while when using a simulated sunlight radiation the rate of photolysis of DOSS increased and the rates for antibiotics decreased in comparison to the 350 nm radiation. The photo stability of the studied CECs followed the order sucralose > DOSS > macrolides > sulfonamides > ciprofloxacin and a positive relationship was observed between photo stability and their ubiquitous presence in natural aquatic matrices. An online LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for sucralose and further applied to reclaimed waters (n =56) and drinking waters (n = 43) from South Florida. Sucralose was detected in reclaimed waters with concentrations reaching up to 18 µg/L. High frequency of detection (> 80%) in drinking waters indicate contamination of ground waters in South Florida by anthropogenic activity. Advisors/Committee Members: Piero R Gardinali, Kenneth G. Furton, Rudolf Jaffe, Bruce McCord, Gary M. Rand.

Subjects/Keywords: Photo degradation; solar simulation; contaminants of emerging concern (CECs); sucralose; dioctyl sulfosuccinates; antibiotics; degradates; Analytical Chemistry; Environmental Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Batchu, S. R. (2013). Photo Degradation of Cotnaminants of Emerging concern (CECs) under Simulated Solar Radiation: Implications for their Environmental Fate. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/859 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13042324 ; FI13042324

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Batchu, Sudha Rani. “Photo Degradation of Cotnaminants of Emerging concern (CECs) under Simulated Solar Radiation: Implications for their Environmental Fate.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/859 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13042324 ; FI13042324.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Batchu, Sudha Rani. “Photo Degradation of Cotnaminants of Emerging concern (CECs) under Simulated Solar Radiation: Implications for their Environmental Fate.” 2013. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Batchu SR. Photo Degradation of Cotnaminants of Emerging concern (CECs) under Simulated Solar Radiation: Implications for their Environmental Fate. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2013. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/859 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13042324 ; FI13042324.

Council of Science Editors:

Batchu SR. Photo Degradation of Cotnaminants of Emerging concern (CECs) under Simulated Solar Radiation: Implications for their Environmental Fate. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2013. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/859 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13042324 ; FI13042324

14. Zughaibi, Torki A. Study of the Transport of Odorants from Illicit Substances Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2017, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3398 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001940 ; FIDC001940

► Canines have been employed in matters of law enforcement because of their keen sense of smell. Presently, law enforcement officials are utilizing trained canines… (more)

▼ Canines have been employed in matters of law enforcement because of their keen sense of smell. Presently, law enforcement officials are utilizing trained canines in routine traffic stops to assess if the vehicle contains any illicit substances. Many believe that this is an infringement on an individual’s fourth amendment rights, which has garnered the attention of both the media and the courts. Many questions have been raised with respect to canines alerting to locations where illicit substances were no longer present. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation research is to evaluate the manner in which active odorants transport and persist onto various substrates. Direct Analysis in Real Time (DART) coupled to an accurate-mass time-of-flight (AccuTOF™) mass spectrometer was used to rapidly analyze the volatile organic compounds (VOC’s) from a variety of narcotic and explosive substances. The DART ion source is a soft ionization technique used in ambient conditions to sample liquids, solids or gases in real time. Thermal desorption of the VOC’s could thus be conducted in seconds. The present study found that the VOC’s from illicit substances transport from one location to another, in a short amount of time, through a process known as advection, which may contribute to canines producing unconfirmed alerts during their training and certifications. Three of the four odorants used in this study produced positive results, with the exception being 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, as it was not detected at any time when held at distances between 0.5 and 3 meters. In addition, the amount of time needed for an active odorant to contaminate an object in its immediate vicinity was explored and the results were determined to be inconclusive. Although they were observed following longer exposure times, it was still deemed to be inconclusive since it was still possible for these odorants to be present, albeit not in detectable amounts, at lower exposure times. Controlled odor mimic permeating systems (COMPS), patented technology by IFRI were tested to determine the possibility of cross-contamination between the training aids, and the results conclude that there was not any evidence of cross-contamination observed during any of the trials. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth G. Furton, Michelle Peace, Yong Cai, Alexander Mebel, Stewart D'Alessio.

Subjects/Keywords: Direct analysis in real time; forensic science; canine; volatile organic compounds; odor; controlled odor mimic permeation systems

…International University, 2017 Miami, Florida Professor Kenneth G. Furton, Major Professor Canines… …International University (FIU) has a patent on a training-aid kit known as Controlled Odor… …USING DIRECT ANALYSIS IN REAL TIME MASS SPECTROMETRY by Torki A. Zughaibi Florida… …transport and persist. The International Forensic Research Institute (IFRI) at Florida…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zughaibi, T. A. (2017). Study of the Transport of Odorants from Illicit Substances Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3398 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001940 ; FIDC001940

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zughaibi, Torki A. “Study of the Transport of Odorants from Illicit Substances Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3398 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001940 ; FIDC001940.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zughaibi, Torki A. “Study of the Transport of Odorants from Illicit Substances Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry.” 2017. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Zughaibi TA. Study of the Transport of Odorants from Illicit Substances Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2017. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3398 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001940 ; FIDC001940.

Council of Science Editors:

Zughaibi TA. Study of the Transport of Odorants from Illicit Substances Using Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2017. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3398 ; 10.25148/etd.FIDC001940 ; FIDC001940

15. Beltz, Katylynn. The Development of Calibrants through Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds from Peroxide Based Explosives and a Non-target Chemical Calibration Compound.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2013, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/817 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13040501 ; FI13040501

► Detection canines represent the fastest and most versatile means of illicit material detection. This research endeavor in its most simplistic form is the improvement… (more)

▼ Detection canines represent the fastest and most versatile means of illicit material detection. This research endeavor in its most simplistic form is the improvement of detection canines through training, training aids, and calibration. This study focuses on developing a universal calibration compound for which all detection canines, regardless of detection substance, can be tested daily to ensure that they are working with acceptable parameters. Surrogate continuation aids (SCAs) were developed for peroxide based explosives along with the validation of the SCAs already developed within the International Forensic Research Institute (IFRI) prototype surrogate explosives kit. Storage parameters of the SCAs were evaluated to give recommendations to the detection canine community on the best possible training aid storage solution that minimizes the likelihood of contamination. Two commonly used and accepted detection canine imprinting methods were also evaluated for the speed in which the canine is trained and their reliability. As a result of the completion of this study, SCAs have been developed for explosive detection canine use covering: peroxide based explosives, TNT based explosives, nitroglycerin based explosives, tagged explosives, plasticized explosives, and smokeless powders. Through the use of these surrogate continuation aids a more uniform and reliable system of training can be implemented in the field than is currently used today. By examining the storage parameters of the SCAs, an ideal storage system has been developed using three levels of containment for the reduction of possible contamination. The developed calibration compound will ease the growing concerns over the legality and reliability of detection canine use by detailing the daily working parameters of the canine, allowing for Daubert rules of evidence admissibility to be applied. Through canine field testing, it has been shown that the IFRI SCAs outperform other commercially available training aids on the market. Additionally, of the imprinting methods tested, no difference was found in the speed in which the canines are trained or their reliability to detect illicit materials. Therefore, if the recommendations discovered in this study are followed, the detection canine community will greatly benefit through the use of scientifically validated training techniques and training aids. Advisors/Committee Members: Kenneth G. Furton, Jose R. Almirall, Yong Cai, John Landrum, DeEtta Mills.

Subjects/Keywords: Detection Canines; Calibration; Surrogate Continuation Aids; Explosives; TATP

…COMPOUND by Katylynn Beltz Florida International University, 2012 Miami, Florida Professor… …Kenneth G. Furton, Major Professor Detection canines represent the fastest and most versatile…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Beltz, K. (2013). The Development of Calibrants through Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds from Peroxide Based Explosives and a Non-target Chemical Calibration Compound. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/817 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13040501 ; FI13040501

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Beltz, Katylynn. “The Development of Calibrants through Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds from Peroxide Based Explosives and a Non-target Chemical Calibration Compound.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/817 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13040501 ; FI13040501.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Beltz, Katylynn. “The Development of Calibrants through Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds from Peroxide Based Explosives and a Non-target Chemical Calibration Compound.” 2013. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Beltz K. The Development of Calibrants through Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds from Peroxide Based Explosives and a Non-target Chemical Calibration Compound. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida International University; 2013. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/817 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13040501 ; FI13040501.

Council of Science Editors:

Beltz K. The Development of Calibrants through Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds from Peroxide Based Explosives and a Non-target Chemical Calibration Compound. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida International University; 2013. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/817 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13040501 ; FI13040501

Florida International University

16. Bi, Maohua. The potential of solid phase microextraction (spme) for the recovery of explosives followed by gas and liquid chromatographic analysis.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 1998, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1647 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14051148 ; FI14051148

► The potential of solid phase microextraction (SPME) in the analysis of explosives is demonstrated. A sensitive, rapid, solventless and inexpensive method for the analysis… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bi, M. (1998). The potential of solid phase microextraction (spme) for the recovery of explosives followed by gas and liquid chromatographic analysis. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1647 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14051148 ; FI14051148

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bi, Maohua. “The potential of solid phase microextraction (spme) for the recovery of explosives followed by gas and liquid chromatographic analysis.” 1998. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1647 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14051148 ; FI14051148.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bi, Maohua. “The potential of solid phase microextraction (spme) for the recovery of explosives followed by gas and liquid chromatographic analysis.” 1998. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Bi M. The potential of solid phase microextraction (spme) for the recovery of explosives followed by gas and liquid chromatographic analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1998. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1647 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14051148 ; FI14051148.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bi M. The potential of solid phase microextraction (spme) for the recovery of explosives followed by gas and liquid chromatographic analysis. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1998. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1647 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14051148 ; FI14051148

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

17. Cao, Yisi. Analysis and properties of carotenoids in vivo and in vitro.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2007, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2033 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14052562 ; FI14052562

► The purpose of this study was to develop a deeper understanding of the nature of carotenoid metabolism in the human and primate retina. We… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cao, Y. (2007). Analysis and properties of carotenoids in vivo and in vitro. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2033 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14052562 ; FI14052562

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cao, Yisi. “Analysis and properties of carotenoids in vivo and in vitro.” 2007. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2033 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14052562 ; FI14052562.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cao, Yisi. “Analysis and properties of carotenoids in vivo and in vitro.” 2007. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Cao Y. Analysis and properties of carotenoids in vivo and in vitro. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2007. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2033 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14052562 ; FI14052562.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cao Y. Analysis and properties of carotenoids in vivo and in vitro. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2007. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2033 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14052562 ; FI14052562

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

18. Currie, Richild Alecia. Spectroscopic, electrochemical and mass spectrometric investigation of anion binding by tripodal molecular receptors.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2005, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2698 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14061574 ; FI14061574

► The synthesis and anion binding properties of a fluorescent tripodal n-dansylamide (2) and a redox active tripodal quinone-based (3) receptor derived from 1,3,5-tris-(aminomethyl)-2,4,6-triethylbenzene. Herein… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Currie, R. A. (2005). Spectroscopic, electrochemical and mass spectrometric investigation of anion binding by tripodal molecular receptors. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2698 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14061574 ; FI14061574

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Currie, Richild Alecia. “Spectroscopic, electrochemical and mass spectrometric investigation of anion binding by tripodal molecular receptors.” 2005. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2698 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14061574 ; FI14061574.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Currie, Richild Alecia. “Spectroscopic, electrochemical and mass spectrometric investigation of anion binding by tripodal molecular receptors.” 2005. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Currie RA. Spectroscopic, electrochemical and mass spectrometric investigation of anion binding by tripodal molecular receptors. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2005. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2698 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14061574 ; FI14061574.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Currie RA. Spectroscopic, electrochemical and mass spectrometric investigation of anion binding by tripodal molecular receptors. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2005. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2698 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14061574 ; FI14061574

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

19. Diaz, Doraida. Hydrocarbon speciation studies in ancient sediments by high temperature supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 1996, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2800 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14062271 ; FI14062271

► Results on the application of high-temperature supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (HT-SFE) to the study of hydrocarbon (HC) speciation in geological samples are presented. Ancient… (more)

▼ Results on the application of high-temperature supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (HT-SFE) to the study of hydrocarbon (HC) speciation in geological samples are presented. Ancient sediments were treated by stepwise extractions, and by using a fresh sample each time. SFE temperatures ranged between 50 and 350°C. Individual analytes showed to be speciated in different ways throughout the solid matrix because different fractions are extracted under different energy conditions. Aromatic HCs appear to have a stronger association with the matrix than the aliphatics due to their higher polarity and molecular planarity. No evidence of geosynthesis of alkylaromatics during HT-SFE was obtained. Tri- and mono-aromatic steranes were totally extracted at relatively low temperatures while hopanes and steranes show a small fraction strongly interacting with the macromolecular organic structure possibly due to "trapping" processes. The release of "trapped" HCs was confirmed by the "maturity inversion" effect observed for the molecular distribution of hopanes at the highest extraction temperatures. Branched compounds like pristane and phytane showed to have a weaker association with the organic matrix if compared with straight chain analytes. Fresh sample extracted by SFE at different temperatures confirmed the results obtained for the stepwise procedure. Rock-Eva! Pyrolysis and Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) from SFE pre-extracted sediments showed that HCs extracted at the highest temperature levels are not dominated by pyrolysis products and may have been released from trapped conditions, through irreversible thermally induced structural changes of the matrix and/or rearrangements of the macromolecular organic matter possibly via sulfur bond cleavage. No significant changes of the matrix were apparent after HT-SFE as suggested by Rock-Eval Pyrolysis and Py-GC/MS experiments, as well as from Electron Scanning Microscopy (ESM) determinations. Advisors/Committee Members: Rudolf Jaffe, Kenneth G. Furton, William Cooper, Hector R. Fuentes.

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Diaz, D. (1996). Hydrocarbon speciation studies in ancient sediments by high temperature supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2800 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14062271 ; FI14062271

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Diaz, Doraida. “Hydrocarbon speciation studies in ancient sediments by high temperature supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.” 1996. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2800 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14062271 ; FI14062271.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Diaz, Doraida. “Hydrocarbon speciation studies in ancient sediments by high temperature supercritical carbon dioxide extraction.” 1996. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Diaz D. Hydrocarbon speciation studies in ancient sediments by high temperature supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1996. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2800 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14062271 ; FI14062271.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Diaz D. Hydrocarbon speciation studies in ancient sediments by high temperature supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1996. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2800 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14062271 ; FI14062271

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

20. Fan, Xiofang. Optimization of capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of organic acids and explosives.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2000, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3247 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15101340 ; FI15101340

► Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a relatively new technique for the separation and analysis of chemical compounds. Aromatic acids have been identified as the degradation… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fan, X. (2000). Optimization of capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of organic acids and explosives. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3247 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15101340 ; FI15101340

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fan, Xiofang. “Optimization of capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of organic acids and explosives.” 2000. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3247 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15101340 ; FI15101340.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fan, Xiofang. “Optimization of capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of organic acids and explosives.” 2000. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Fan X. Optimization of capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of organic acids and explosives. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2000. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3247 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15101340 ; FI15101340.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Fan X. Optimization of capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of organic acids and explosives. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2000. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3247 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15101340 ; FI15101340

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

21. Aloyo, Maria C. The presence of a non-B-Z-structure enhances an enzyme's reactivity at its recognition site.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 1992, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1114 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13101608 ; FI13101608

► Alternating (CG) sequences form an unusual conformation in the presence of cobalt hexamine. The oligomer, BZ-IV, containing a (CG)4 run (BZ-IV sequence: 5'TCGACGCGCGCGATCAGTCA- 3')… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Enzymes; DNA; Structure; Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Aloyo, M. C. (1992). The presence of a non-B-Z-structure enhances an enzyme's reactivity at its recognition site. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1114 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13101608 ; FI13101608

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Aloyo, Maria C. “The presence of a non-B-Z-structure enhances an enzyme's reactivity at its recognition site.” 1992. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1114 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13101608 ; FI13101608.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Aloyo, Maria C. “The presence of a non-B-Z-structure enhances an enzyme's reactivity at its recognition site.” 1992. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Aloyo MC. The presence of a non-B-Z-structure enhances an enzyme's reactivity at its recognition site. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1992. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1114 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13101608 ; FI13101608.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Aloyo MC. The presence of a non-B-Z-structure enhances an enzyme's reactivity at its recognition site. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1992. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1114 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13101608 ; FI13101608

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

22. Benson, Andrew James. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) for the analysis of date rape drugs.

Degree: MS, Forensic Science, 2002, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1602 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14051102 ; FI14051102

► The drugs studied in this work have been reportedly used to commit drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA), commonly known as "date rape". Detection of the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Forensic Science and Technology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Benson, A. J. (2002). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) for the analysis of date rape drugs. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1602 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14051102 ; FI14051102

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Benson, Andrew James. “High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) for the analysis of date rape drugs.” 2002. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1602 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14051102 ; FI14051102.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Benson, Andrew James. “High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) for the analysis of date rape drugs.” 2002. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Benson AJ. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) for the analysis of date rape drugs. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2002. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1602 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14051102 ; FI14051102.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Benson AJ. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) for the analysis of date rape drugs. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2002. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1602 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14051102 ; FI14051102

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

23. Chen, Li. Speciation of uranium and organic compounds on solid matrix studied by supercritical fluid extraction.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 1996, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2137 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14060169 ; FI14060169

► The liquid extraction and spectrophotometric quantitation of uranium from different solid matrices is compared to supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using various combinations of 2,2-dimethyl-6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-3,5-octadione… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, L. (1996). Speciation of uranium and organic compounds on solid matrix studied by supercritical fluid extraction. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2137 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14060169 ; FI14060169

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Li. “Speciation of uranium and organic compounds on solid matrix studied by supercritical fluid extraction.” 1996. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2137 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14060169 ; FI14060169.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Li. “Speciation of uranium and organic compounds on solid matrix studied by supercritical fluid extraction.” 1996. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Chen L. Speciation of uranium and organic compounds on solid matrix studied by supercritical fluid extraction. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1996. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2137 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14060169 ; FI14060169.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chen L. Speciation of uranium and organic compounds on solid matrix studied by supercritical fluid extraction. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1996. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2137 ; 10.25148/etd.FI14060169 ; FI14060169

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

24. Georgiadis, Myron. Arsenic Speciation in Soils and Sediments.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2004, Florida International University

URL: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3579 ; FI15101555

► Arsenic speciation in soils and sediments pose a great challenge due to possible conversion and/or re-adsorption. Since arsenic toxicity is dependent on its chemical… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry; Physical Sciences and Mathematics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Georgiadis, M. (2004). Arsenic Speciation in Soils and Sediments. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3579 ; FI15101555

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Georgiadis, Myron. “Arsenic Speciation in Soils and Sediments.” 2004. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3579 ; FI15101555.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Georgiadis, Myron. “Arsenic Speciation in Soils and Sediments.” 2004. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Georgiadis M. Arsenic Speciation in Soils and Sediments. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2004. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3579 ; FI15101555.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Georgiadis M. Arsenic Speciation in Soils and Sediments. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2004. Available from: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3579 ; FI15101555

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

25. Ferreira, Oscar G. Supercritical CO₂ extraction of policyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a contaminated soil.

Degree: MS, Environmental Engineering, 1999, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3312 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15101386 ; FI15101386

► Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are generated by diverse anthropogenic sources, are classified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as Semivolatile Hazardous Compounds.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Life Sciences; Other Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ferreira, O. G. (1999). Supercritical CO₂ extraction of policyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a contaminated soil. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3312 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15101386 ; FI15101386

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ferreira, Oscar G. “Supercritical CO₂ extraction of policyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a contaminated soil.” 1999. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3312 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15101386 ; FI15101386.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ferreira, Oscar G. “Supercritical CO₂ extraction of policyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a contaminated soil.” 1999. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Ferreira OG. Supercritical CO₂ extraction of policyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a contaminated soil. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1999. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3312 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15101386 ; FI15101386.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ferreira OG. Supercritical CO₂ extraction of policyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from a contaminated soil. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1999. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3312 ; 10.25148/etd.FI15101386 ; FI15101386

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

26. Alli, Azaam. Analysis of organomercurials in environmental and biological samples by capillary column gas chromatography with atomic fluorescence detection.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 1994, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1069 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13101592 ; FI13101592

► The general method for determining organomercurials in environmental and biological samples is gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD). However, tedious sample work up… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Alli, A. (1994). Analysis of organomercurials in environmental and biological samples by capillary column gas chromatography with atomic fluorescence detection. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1069 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13101592 ; FI13101592

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alli, Azaam. “Analysis of organomercurials in environmental and biological samples by capillary column gas chromatography with atomic fluorescence detection.” 1994. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed February 21, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1069 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13101592 ; FI13101592.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alli, Azaam. “Analysis of organomercurials in environmental and biological samples by capillary column gas chromatography with atomic fluorescence detection.” 1994. Web. 21 Feb 2019.

Vancouver:

Alli A. Analysis of organomercurials in environmental and biological samples by capillary column gas chromatography with atomic fluorescence detection. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1994. [cited 2019 Feb 21]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1069 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13101592 ; FI13101592.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Alli A. Analysis of organomercurials in environmental and biological samples by capillary column gas chromatography with atomic fluorescence detection. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 1994. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1069 ; 10.25148/etd.FI13101592 ; FI13101592

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations