+publisher:"Cornell University" +contributor:("Cassano, Patricia Ann")

Cornell University

1. Drewes, Bailey Marie. MATERNAL THIRD-TRIMESTER CHOLINE SUPPLEMENTATION, FETAL NR3C1 METHYLATION, AND BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS AT 7 YEARS OF AGE.

Degree: M.S., Nutrition, Nutrition, 2017, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59089

► Less than 10% of pregnant women consume the AI of choline, a nutrient important for development. In animals, maternal choline supplementation (MCS) improves offspring behavior,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Choline; Behavioral sciences; behavior; internalizing; stress; Pregnancy; Epigenetics; Genetics; Developmental psychology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Drewes, B. M. (2017). MATERNAL THIRD-TRIMESTER CHOLINE SUPPLEMENTATION, FETAL NR3C1 METHYLATION, AND BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS AT 7 YEARS OF AGE. (Masters Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59089

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Drewes, Bailey Marie. “MATERNAL THIRD-TRIMESTER CHOLINE SUPPLEMENTATION, FETAL NR3C1 METHYLATION, AND BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS AT 7 YEARS OF AGE.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59089.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Drewes, Bailey Marie. “MATERNAL THIRD-TRIMESTER CHOLINE SUPPLEMENTATION, FETAL NR3C1 METHYLATION, AND BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS AT 7 YEARS OF AGE.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Drewes BM. MATERNAL THIRD-TRIMESTER CHOLINE SUPPLEMENTATION, FETAL NR3C1 METHYLATION, AND BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS AT 7 YEARS OF AGE. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Cornell University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59089.

Council of Science Editors:

Drewes BM. MATERNAL THIRD-TRIMESTER CHOLINE SUPPLEMENTATION, FETAL NR3C1 METHYLATION, AND BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS AT 7 YEARS OF AGE. [Masters Thesis]. Cornell University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59089

Cornell University

2. Guetterman, Heather M. DIETARY CORRELATES OF VITAMIN B12 STATUS IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN SOUTHERN INDIA.

Degree: M.S., Nutrition, Nutrition, 2018, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59349

► Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including maternal anemia, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and neural tube defects. The… (more)

▼ Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency during pregnancy has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including maternal anemia, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and neural tube defects. The objective of this analysis was to examine the dietary correlates of vitamin B12 status in pregnant women participating in a prospective cohort study in Southern India. Methods: Participants were 400 pregnant women (< 14 weeks gestation) enrolled in a cohort study. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated, interviewer-administered, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, which assessed dietary intake of 108 food items. Serum vitamin B12 was measured via electrochemiluminescence; vitamin deficiency was defined as vitamin B12 concentrations less than 148.0 pmol/L. Linear and binomial regression models were used to examine the associations between dietary variables (i.e., food groups, nutrients) and vitamin B12 status. Results: The median daily vitamin B12 intake was 1.7 g (IQR: 1.1–2.5), and 63.3% of participants were vitamin B12 deficient. In food group analyses, consumption of egg-based foods, organ meats, red meat, and grams were associated with higher serum vitamin B12 concentrations; consumption of pulses and fruit-based foods were associated with lower vitamin B12 concentrations. Similarly, increased consumption of egg-based foods (RR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.98–0.99, p = 0.023), milk products (0.99, 0.99–0.99, p = 0.038), and total meat 0.80 (0.69–0.93, p = 0.004) were associated with significantly lower risk for vitamin B12 deficiency. In nutrient increased intake of vitamin B12; saturated (caprylic, capric, lauric, stearic), monounsaturated (palmitoleic), and polyunsaturated (linolenic, arachidonic, timnodonic, cervonic) fatty acids; cholesterol; iodine; and most amino acids (tryptophan, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, cysteine, tyrosine, valine, alanine, aspartic acid, serine) were associated with higher serum vitamin B12 concentrations and lower risk for vitamin B12 deficiency (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Vitamin B12 intake was low in this population and was associated with risk for vitamin B12 deficiency. Low consumption of animal-source foods (i.e., milk, egg, and meat products) was associated with risk for vitamin B12 deficiency. Assessing dietary intake during early pregnancy is important to identify risk factors for vitamin B12 deficiency and to inform dietary recommendations. Advisors/Committee Members: Mehta, Julia Leigh (chair), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Pregnancy; Nutrition; Epidemiology; vitamin B12; dietary intake; India

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APA (6^th Edition):

Guetterman, H. M. (2018). DIETARY CORRELATES OF VITAMIN B12 STATUS IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN SOUTHERN INDIA. (Masters Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59349

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guetterman, Heather M. “DIETARY CORRELATES OF VITAMIN B12 STATUS IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN SOUTHERN INDIA.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59349.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guetterman, Heather M. “DIETARY CORRELATES OF VITAMIN B12 STATUS IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN SOUTHERN INDIA.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Guetterman HM. DIETARY CORRELATES OF VITAMIN B12 STATUS IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN SOUTHERN INDIA. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Cornell University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59349.

Council of Science Editors:

Guetterman HM. DIETARY CORRELATES OF VITAMIN B12 STATUS IN PREGNANT WOMEN IN SOUTHERN INDIA. [Masters Thesis]. Cornell University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59349

Cornell University

3. Shang, Jin. Trends in Nutritional Epidemiology Research in China, 2000-2018: A Scoping Review.

Degree: M.S., Nutrition, Nutrition, 2019, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/67358

► Nutritional epidemiology provides important information on disease prevention and health management. Facing the rising public concerns of chronic disease, nutritional epidemiology becomes an important component… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Epidemiology; Nutrition

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shang, J. (2019). Trends in Nutritional Epidemiology Research in China, 2000-2018: A Scoping Review. (Masters Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/67358

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shang, Jin. “Trends in Nutritional Epidemiology Research in China, 2000-2018: A Scoping Review.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/67358.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shang, Jin. “Trends in Nutritional Epidemiology Research in China, 2000-2018: A Scoping Review.” 2019. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Shang J. Trends in Nutritional Epidemiology Research in China, 2000-2018: A Scoping Review. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Cornell University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/67358.

Council of Science Editors:

Shang J. Trends in Nutritional Epidemiology Research in China, 2000-2018: A Scoping Review. [Masters Thesis]. Cornell University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/67358

Cornell University

4. Noel, Corinna Anna. The interplay between diet, taste, and human health.

Degree: PhD, Food Science and Technology, 2017, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59022

► Taste is a biological gate-keeping mechanism, which encourages the consumption or rejection of foods based on their sensory properties. Repeated consumption of palatable, high calorie… (more)

▼ Taste is a biological gate-keeping mechanism, which encourages the consumption or rejection of foods based on their sensory properties. Repeated consumption of palatable, high calorie foods contributes to obesity, one of the most pressing health concerns of our time. Recent reports suggest that taste is weakened in overweight or obese people, although it is unknown whether this dysfunction in the taste system is linked with compensatory eating behaviors to attain satisfactory reward. In a repeated measure study, we showed that those with weakened gustatory signals desired more intensely tasting and higher calorie stimuli. Building upon previous research, we demonstrated longitudinally that a modest weight gain over 8 months associated with decreases in sweet and salty tastes, primarily observed in males of a college-aged population. In the same study, we also found that changes in the consumption of umami-rich foods selectively correlated with umami taste perception. Aiming to clarify this relationship, we conducted a randomized controlled study to show that adaptive changes may occur in the taste system with prolonged exposure to the umami-rich stimuli, monosodium glutamate (MSG). After one month of exposure to MSG, females decreased in their sensitivity to umami taste, while both sexes experienced a lessened appetite for savory foods. Seeking to determine how taste may be connected to emotional eating, a large cross-sectional study evaluated the effect of day-to-day emotional variation on taste function and food liking after college hockey games. Analysis revealed that negative emotions correlated with diminished sweet and enhanced sour perception, and also affected hedonic responses to food. Taken together, our results suggest that weight gain, diet, and emotions can independently influence the taste system, while effect often varies by sex. We supply evidence that decrements in taste may impact food preferences and eating behavior, potentially encouraging the consumption of higher calorie foods. With this in mind, our research provides support that taste and taste dysfunction should be considered in the complex multicomponent etiology of obesity and other diet-related diseases. Advisors/Committee Members: Dando, Robin (chair), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member), Devine, Carol M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Food science; Emotion; Nutrition; Epidemiology; Obesity; taste; Psychophysics; food choice; Diet

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APA (6^th Edition):

Noel, C. A. (2017). The interplay between diet, taste, and human health. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59022

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Noel, Corinna Anna. “The interplay between diet, taste, and human health.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59022.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Noel, Corinna Anna. “The interplay between diet, taste, and human health.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Noel CA. The interplay between diet, taste, and human health. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59022.

Council of Science Editors:

Noel CA. The interplay between diet, taste, and human health. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59022

Cornell University

5. Hansen, Joyanna. Vitamin D: Genetic And Environmental Predictors Of Status And Associations With Pulmonary Outcomes.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2013, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34263

► Vitamin D, a pleiotropic hormone essential for calcium homeostasis, has generated widespread interest due to associations with numerous health outcomes. Cross-sectional studies of vitamin D… (more)

▼ Vitamin D, a pleiotropic hormone essential for calcium homeostasis, has generated widespread interest due to associations with numerous health outcomes. Cross-sectional studies of vitamin D and lung function reported strong, positive associations, but representative, longitudinal population-based studies are lacking, and biological mechanisms are unclear. Lung function decline is the primary characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the 3rd leading cause of mortality in the United States; given limited treatments to delay progression, identifying preventative approaches is critical. This work aims to elucidate determinants of vitamin D status, and investigate the role of vitamin D as a determinant of lung function. First, we explored genetic and non-genetic determinants of serum vitamin D [25(OH)D] in African Americans. Approximately 25% of 25(OH)D variability was explained by non-genetic factors, and multivitamin supplement use was the strongest predictor. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the vitamin D binding protein modified the effect of multivitamin supplement use on 25(OH)D. About 23% of 25(OH)D variability was estimated to be attributable to genetic variation, with replication in a separate cohort. However, the influence of genetic ancestry made an exact estimate impossible; further exploration of genetic determinants of 25(OH)D in African Americans is needed. Second, potential mechanisms for vitamin D-lung health associations were explored through a cross-sectional study of SNPs in 13 candidate vitamin Dresponsive genes. SNPs in SGPP2, a phosphatase in the sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling pathway, were associated with lung function and COPD risk. Further, we identified an association between SNPs in SGPP2 and lung-tissue specific expression of SGPP2. While specific mechanisms remain to be investigated, SGPP2 is a promising vitamin D-responsive candidate gene. Finally, associations between variants in vitamin D metabolic genes, serum 25(OH)D and lung function were explored in the Framingham Heart Study. SNPs in four vitamin D metabolic genes were associated with rate of change in FEV1, but there was no association between 25(OH)D and rate of change in FEV1 in the Third Generation cohort, a group of largely vitamin D sufficient middleaged adults. Future studies should consider the influence of baseline nutritional status and underlying genetic variation on vitamin D-disease associations. Advisors/Committee Members: Cassano, Patricia Ann (chair), Mezey, Jason G. (committee member), Clark, Andrew (committee member), Brannon, Patsy Marie (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Vitamin D; Nutrition; Genetics; COPD; Epidemiology; FEV1; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D; eQTL; SGPP2; GC; supplements

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hansen, J. (2013). Vitamin D: Genetic And Environmental Predictors Of Status And Associations With Pulmonary Outcomes. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34263

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hansen, Joyanna. “Vitamin D: Genetic And Environmental Predictors Of Status And Associations With Pulmonary Outcomes.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34263.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hansen, Joyanna. “Vitamin D: Genetic And Environmental Predictors Of Status And Associations With Pulmonary Outcomes.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hansen J. Vitamin D: Genetic And Environmental Predictors Of Status And Associations With Pulmonary Outcomes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34263.

Council of Science Editors:

Hansen J. Vitamin D: Genetic And Environmental Predictors Of Status And Associations With Pulmonary Outcomes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34263

Cornell University

6. Essley, Bridget. Calcium Intake, Vitamin D Status, Placental Vitamin D Receptor (Vdr) Expression, Placental Calcium Transport, And Neonatal Outcomes In Adolescent Pregnancy.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2012, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29242

► Pregnancy and adolescence are both periods of elevated calcium (Ca) demand. Pregnancy during adolescence places both mother and fetus at risk for adverse skeletal outcomes.… (more)

▼ Pregnancy and adolescence are both periods of elevated calcium (Ca) demand. Pregnancy during adolescence places both mother and fetus at risk for adverse skeletal outcomes. The overall goal of this research was to address how maternal Ca intake and vitamin D status impact calcitropic hormones and fetal bone development during pregnancy, and investigate how effects may be mediated at the level of the placental in a skeletally immature population. Maternal Ca intake,25(OH)D status calcitropic hormones (PTH and 1,25(OH)2D) and fetal biometry measures (fetal femur and humerus length and birth length) were monitored across pregnancy in 171 pregnant adolescents ([LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO]18 yrs). Neonatal hormonal status and placental tissue were obtained at delivery. Stable Ca isotopes were administered to twelve adolescents early in labor (44Ca orally and 42Ca intravenously) to obtain a dynamic measure of maternal-to-fetal Ca transfer. Among these adolescents, 25(OH)D insufficiency ([LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO]20 ng/mL) was prevalent (~50%) and PTH was inversely related to 25(OH)D status throughout pregnancy, and was elevated ([GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO]60 pg/mL) in 24% of teens at term. Maternal 25(OH)D was also negatively associated with 1,25(OH)2D concentrations. Associations with Ca intake were less evident, indicating that maternal vitamin D status is a key determinant of the calcitropic hormone response to pregnancy. iii Maternal Ca intake and 25(OH)D status interacted to influence fetal femur and humerus Zscores; sufficient status of one nutrient was associated with improved long bone Z-score when the other nutrient was limited. This interaction remained evident at delivery, and was associated with neonatal birth length. At the level of the placenta, VDR expression was positively related to neonatal 1,25(OH)2D, and was higher in neonates with low 25(OH)D status. Placental VDR was also positively related to fetal femur length. Of note, placental VDR expression was a significant predictor of maternal-to-fetal 42Ca transport which was itself significant in a model of fetal femur Z-score. Placental VDR expression was responsive to fetal endocrine signals and appeared to impact fetal skeletal growth via modulation of placental Ca transport. In a skeletally immature pregnant adolescent, achieving adequate 25(OH)D status and Ca intake may improve calcitropic hormone levels and optimize fetal skeletal accretion. iv Advisors/Committee Members: O'Brien, Kimberly O (chair), Roberson, Mark Stephen (committee member), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member), Brannon, Patsy Marie (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Teen Pregnancy; Vitamin D; Bone

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APA (6^th Edition):

Essley, B. (2012). Calcium Intake, Vitamin D Status, Placental Vitamin D Receptor (Vdr) Expression, Placental Calcium Transport, And Neonatal Outcomes In Adolescent Pregnancy. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29242

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Essley, Bridget. “Calcium Intake, Vitamin D Status, Placental Vitamin D Receptor (Vdr) Expression, Placental Calcium Transport, And Neonatal Outcomes In Adolescent Pregnancy.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29242.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Essley, Bridget. “Calcium Intake, Vitamin D Status, Placental Vitamin D Receptor (Vdr) Expression, Placental Calcium Transport, And Neonatal Outcomes In Adolescent Pregnancy.” 2012. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Essley B. Calcium Intake, Vitamin D Status, Placental Vitamin D Receptor (Vdr) Expression, Placental Calcium Transport, And Neonatal Outcomes In Adolescent Pregnancy. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29242.

Council of Science Editors:

Essley B. Calcium Intake, Vitamin D Status, Placental Vitamin D Receptor (Vdr) Expression, Placental Calcium Transport, And Neonatal Outcomes In Adolescent Pregnancy. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29242

Cornell University

7. Hootman, Katie. Physical, Behavioral, Psychological, And Metabolomic Predictors Of Weight And Adiposity Change In Young Adults.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2015, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/40957

► Background: Weight gain in young adults during the first year of college tends to track into later adulthood, contributing to risk for adult overweight/obesity. Identification… (more)

▼ Background: Weight gain in young adults during the first year of college tends to track into later adulthood, contributing to risk for adult overweight/obesity. Identification of predictors of weight gain and adiposity change, considering population subgroup differences, could lead to effective prevention strategies. Methods: In the context of a prospective study design of college freshmen with repeated measures of anthropometry and adiposity (measured via dual energy x-ray absorptiometry), over one academic year, we evaluated multiple independent variables as potential predictors of weight gain and adiposity, testing for effect modification by sex. We also compared the metabolome between participants who increased in three markers of central adiposity over the year vs. those with stable adiposity. Results: 264 freshmen (50% female, characteristics representative of the Class of 2015) participated; 65% (N = 173) completed follow-up 8-9 months later, at the end of the academic year. Weight gain was ~ 2 kg overall; among the 75% who gained at least 0.5 kg over the year, weight increased 5.6%, on average. Leaner body habitus at the start of college (leaner adiposity and anthropometrics) was associated with greater weight gain and weight gain risk in regression analyses. We observed a significant sex x physical activity interaction (Pinteraction = 0.049) such that, higher baseline physical activity predicted greater weight gain among females. Investigation of psychological factors, including eating competence, restraint, and overeating due to emotional or external cues, as predictors of changes in adiposity and weight were generally null; however, there was a consistent and statistically significant stress x sex interaction such that greater stress at the start of college was significantly associated with increases in weight, waist circumference and BMI among males. Metabolomics investigation results showed baseline plasma concentrations of meso-erythritol and fructose, two dietary sweeteners, were respectively 15- and 2-fold greater among participants who subsequently experienced increased central adiposity, compared to participants who maintained a stable adiposity phenotype. Conclusions: Weight gain during the first year of university is common, and leaner body habitus at the beginning of college was associated with greater weight gain. There were meaningful sex differences in predictors of weight gain: higher self-reported baseline physical activity in females only and, higher self-reported baseline stress in males only, were both associated with greater weight gain. Higher frequency of dining hall use during the freshman year, and higher blood concentration of meso-erythritol were also significant predictors. Advisors/Committee Members: Cassano,Patricia Ann (chair), Booth,James (committee member), Lujan,Marla E. (committee member), Stover,Patrick J (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: adiposity, cardiometabolic risk,; college weight, stress,; metabolomics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hootman, K. (2015). Physical, Behavioral, Psychological, And Metabolomic Predictors Of Weight And Adiposity Change In Young Adults. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/40957

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hootman, Katie. “Physical, Behavioral, Psychological, And Metabolomic Predictors Of Weight And Adiposity Change In Young Adults.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/40957.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hootman, Katie. “Physical, Behavioral, Psychological, And Metabolomic Predictors Of Weight And Adiposity Change In Young Adults.” 2015. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hootman K. Physical, Behavioral, Psychological, And Metabolomic Predictors Of Weight And Adiposity Change In Young Adults. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/40957.

Council of Science Editors:

Hootman K. Physical, Behavioral, Psychological, And Metabolomic Predictors Of Weight And Adiposity Change In Young Adults. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/40957

Cornell University

8. Lin, Annie Wen. DIETARY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIORS, KNOWLEDGE, AND BELIEFS ASSOCIATED WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2017, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/56709

► Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs in approximately 7 to 18% of reproductive-aged women worldwide and is characterized by oligo/amenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, and/or polycystic ovaries. Women with… (more)

▼ Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs in approximately 7 to 18% of reproductive-aged women worldwide and is characterized by oligo/amenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, and/or polycystic ovaries. Women with PCOS are at higher risk of poor physical and mental health outcomes. Up to 80% of women with PCOS have reported BMI ≥25 kg/m2, leading researchers to hypothesize that obesity contributes to the development of PCOS. Although poor diet and physical inactivity are known contributors of obesity, it remains uncertain whether these activities can predict the development of PCOS features. Weight loss interventions are the first recommendation in treating reproductive and metabolic symptoms of PCOS, yet adherence with these interventions varies greatly across PCOS studies. To encourage behavior change, it is essential to understand: 1) the associations between diet and physical activity (PA) behaviors with PCOS and 2) the health-related knowledge and beliefs associated with PCOS. This dissertation addresses these research gaps by investigating the cross-sectional associations between PCOS and dietary and physical activity behaviors, as well as knowledge, and beliefs. Our published narrative review (Chapter 1) summarizes the current evidence of the health-related behaviors – PCOS link and identifies gaps in the literature to inform the studies conducted in Parts 1 and 2 of this dissertation. Two approaches were used in Part 1 to investigate the link between health-related behaviors with combined and/or isolated features of PCOS. Chapter 2 presents a secondary data analysis using data from the longitudinal cohort, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Women’s Study. We show that diet quality was associated with PCOS, and that this association varied by race. When macro- or micronutrient intake were considered individually, there were no differences between women with and without PCOS. Similarly, there were no differences in PA by PCOS status. Results from our prospective case-comparison study (Assessment of Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Women with and without PCOS) in Chapter 3 confirmed that diet, but not PA, was linked to PCOS status. These findings suggest that some aspects of diet could serve as targets for tailored PCOS interventions. Part 2 explored associations between health-related knowledge and beliefs with PCOS status. We developed and validated two instruments that were distributed to reproductive-aged women in the United States. Findings from Chapter 4 (Instrument for PCOS: Knowledge, Health-Related Beliefs, and Self-Efficacy) demonstrate that women with PCOS had less favorable health-related beliefs than the comparison group, but reported similar self-efficacy in performing salubrious diet behaviors. In Chapter 5 (Instrument for PCOS: Medical Experiences), we report that specific domains of trust and social support directed toward healthcare professionals differed between women with and without PCOS, thereby identifying factors that could improve the physician and PCOS patient… Advisors/Committee Members: Lujan, Marla E. (chair), Sobal, Jeffery (committee member), O'Brien, Kimberly O. (committee member), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member), Dollahite, Jamie S. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Physicians; Polycystic ovary syndrome; Self-efficacy; Nutrition; Physical Activity; Beliefs; Diet

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lin, A. W. (2017). DIETARY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIORS, KNOWLEDGE, AND BELIEFS ASSOCIATED WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/56709

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lin, Annie Wen. “DIETARY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIORS, KNOWLEDGE, AND BELIEFS ASSOCIATED WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/56709.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lin, Annie Wen. “DIETARY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIORS, KNOWLEDGE, AND BELIEFS ASSOCIATED WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lin AW. DIETARY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIORS, KNOWLEDGE, AND BELIEFS ASSOCIATED WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/56709.

Council of Science Editors:

Lin AW. DIETARY AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIORS, KNOWLEDGE, AND BELIEFS ASSOCIATED WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/56709

Cornell University

9. Bardowell, Sabrina. The Role Of Vitamin E Hydroxylases In Vitamin E Metabolism And Status.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2012, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/31140

► Vitamin E is a group of compounds that are considered to be the most important lipophilic antioxidants, however there is still much unknown about the… (more)

▼ Vitamin E is a group of compounds that are considered to be the most important lipophilic antioxidants, however there is still much unknown about the biological actions of the various forms of vitamin E as well as the mechanisms that influence the concentration of vitamin E forms in tissues. Despite the common predominance of mainly [gamma]-tocopherol ([gamma]-TOH) in the diet, [alpha]-TOH is present in serum and tissues at levels 5-6 times that of [gamma]-TOH. The biological rational for this selectivity remains an enigma. The focus of this work was on the selective postabsorptive catabolism of non-[alpha]-TOH forms via the vitamin E-[omega]-oxidation pathway. Cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2) is the only known human enzyme shown to display TOH-[omega]-hydroxylase activity. In an effort to investigate the role of TOH-[omega]-hydroxylase activity in vitamin E metabolism and status, the functional murine ortholog of CYP4F2 was identified and the consequences of its deletion on vitamin E metabolism and status were determined. In vivo and in vitro studies revealed Cyp4f14 to be the major, but not the only, vitamin E-[omega]-hydroxylase in mice, and to have critical function in regulating body-wide vitamin E status. Disruption of Cyp4f14 expression resulted in hyper-accumulation of [gamma]-TOH in mice fed a soybean oil diet in which the major tocopherol was [gamma]-TOH. Supplementation of Cyp4f14-/- mice with high levels of [delta]- and [gamma]-TOH exacerbated the tissue enrichment of these forms of vitamin E. Through the use of metabolic cage studies, previously unappreciated mechanisms of vitamin E elimination were discovered, which served to counterbalance the metabolic deficit observed in Cyp4f14-/- mice. Fecal elimination of unmetabolized TOHs was determined to be a high capacity mechanism to be minimize diet induced accumulation of TOHs, especially at high dietary levels. Additionally, novel [omega]-1 and [omega]-2 vitamin E hydroxylase activities were discovered and were found to quantitatively important vitamin E elimination mechanisms. Cyp4f14-/- mice also revealed the existence of other hepatic TOH-[omega]-hydroxylase enzyme(s). Therefore genetically modified mice, in which no CYP activity was present in the liver, were utilized in order to eliminate all hepatic vitamin E metabolism. Metabolic cage studies revealed the presence of vitamin E hydroxylase activity in non-hepatic tissues. Mouse and human small intestine mucosa were found to have TOH-[omega]-hydoxylase activity, representing at least one site of extra-hepatic vitamin E metabolism. Lastly, the use of cell culture studies demonstrated that two polymorphisms in CYP4F2 functionally alter TOH-[omega]-hydroxylase activity, which may play a role in vitamin E status in humans. Overall, the current works lends new insights into the physiological role of the TOH-[omega]oxidation pathway as well as reveals novel mechanisms of vitamin E metabolism in both mice and humans, which play an important role in the regulation of vitamin E status. Advisors/Committee Members: Parker, Robert Stanley (chair), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member), Gu, Zhenglong (committee member), O'Brien, Kimberly O (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: vitamin E; cytochrome P450; metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bardowell, S. (2012). The Role Of Vitamin E Hydroxylases In Vitamin E Metabolism And Status. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/31140

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bardowell, Sabrina. “The Role Of Vitamin E Hydroxylases In Vitamin E Metabolism And Status.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/31140.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bardowell, Sabrina. “The Role Of Vitamin E Hydroxylases In Vitamin E Metabolism And Status.” 2012. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bardowell S. The Role Of Vitamin E Hydroxylases In Vitamin E Metabolism And Status. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/31140.

Council of Science Editors:

Bardowell S. The Role Of Vitamin E Hydroxylases In Vitamin E Metabolism And Status. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/31140

Cornell University

10. Agler, Anne. Antioxidant Interventions And Pulmonary Outcomes: The Impact Of Nutrition And Gene Expression On The Lung.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2011, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29201

► The aims of this research were to determine how gene expression and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) susceptibility are related to antioxidant nutritional status and… (more)

▼ The aims of this research were to determine how gene expression and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) susceptibility are related to antioxidant nutritional status and to determine if antioxidant supplementation prevents COPD disease processes. Although cigarette smoking is the primary risk factor for COPD a minority of smokers develop disease thus other factors must play a role in disease susceptibility and progression. The studies conducted for this dissertation address the hypotheses that dietary supplementation with antioxidant vitamins can augment the lung's antioxidant defenses thereby preventing disease development and that antioxidant-related genes are dysregulated by COPD disease processes. The first project was a large-scale randomized clinical intervention trial of vitamin E dietary supplements in which the association of supplementation and risk of COPD was assessed. Women randomly assigned to take vitamin E supplements during a 10-year intervention were 10% less likely to develop COPD during the study period. The effect of the intervention was similar in both smokers and non-smokers and was not changed by other factors measured in the study. The second study was a small-scale clinical intervention trial that investigated how antioxidant supplementation altered concentrations of nutrients systemically and in the lung compartment. For intervention trials assessing whether the supplement is reaching the target tissue is critical and no prior studies show direct evidence that supplemental antioxidants reach the lung. In this study bronchioalveolar lavage fluid concentrations of vitamin E and selenium were measured before and after intervention with vitamins E and C and selenium and nutrient concentration increased in response to supplementation, providing evidence that antioxidant supplements were delivered to the lung where they could combat oxidative stress that causes lung tissue damage. The third study assessed antioxidant status in plasma and lung tissue and gene expression in lung tissue of COPD patients with different levels of disease severity. Twelve antioxidant-related genes were differentially expressed in patients with more severe disease. Taken together the findings from these studies suggest that intervention with antioxidant nutrients increases lung nutrient status and decreases COPD risk and the mechanism may be in part modulation of antioxidant-related gene expression. Advisors/Committee Members: Cassano, Patricia Ann (chair), Clark, Andrew (committee member), Mezey, Jason G. (committee member), Parker, Robert Stanley (committee member), Brannon, Patsy Marie (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Antioxidants; Clinical intervention trial

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APA (6^th Edition):

Agler, A. (2011). Antioxidant Interventions And Pulmonary Outcomes: The Impact Of Nutrition And Gene Expression On The Lung. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29201

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Agler, Anne. “Antioxidant Interventions And Pulmonary Outcomes: The Impact Of Nutrition And Gene Expression On The Lung.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29201.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Agler, Anne. “Antioxidant Interventions And Pulmonary Outcomes: The Impact Of Nutrition And Gene Expression On The Lung.” 2011. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Agler A. Antioxidant Interventions And Pulmonary Outcomes: The Impact Of Nutrition And Gene Expression On The Lung. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29201.

Council of Science Editors:

Agler A. Antioxidant Interventions And Pulmonary Outcomes: The Impact Of Nutrition And Gene Expression On The Lung. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29201

Cornell University

11. Yan, Jian. Choline Metabolism In Response To Choline Intake, Pregnancy, And Polymorphisms Of One-Carbon Metabolic Genes In Humans.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2013, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33882

► Choline, an essential nutrient, is critical in maintaining biomembrane integrity (via phosphatidylcholine) and supplying methyl groups for one-carbon metabolism (via betaine). Choline adequate intakes were… (more)

▼ Choline, an essential nutrient, is critical in maintaining biomembrane integrity (via phosphatidylcholine) and supplying methyl groups for one-carbon metabolism (via betaine). Choline adequate intakes were established for the first time in 1998. However, little is known about the impact of pregnancy and genetic variation on choline metabolism and requirements. The overall goal of my research was to quantify the effects of pregnancy, genetic variation, and choline intake on biomarkers of choline metabolism. To achieve this goal, two separate feeding studies that employed stable isotope methodology were conducted. Study 1 examined the effect of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C[RIGHTWARDS ARROW]T genetic variant, and choline intake, on biomarkers of choline metabolism. Study 2 investigated the effect of pregnancy, and choline intake, on biomarkers of choline metabolism. Deuterium labeled methyl-d9-choline was administered in both studies as the tracer. Study 1 demonstrated that the MTHFR 677TT (versus the 677CC) genotype favors the use of choline as a methyl donor. MTHFR 677TT genotype enhanced the conversion of choline to betaine. In addition, when a higher choline intake was consumed, more of the choline was converted to betaine as opposed to entering the CDP-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine synthesis among men with MTHFR 677TT (versus 677CC) genotype. Study 2 demonstrated that pregnancy alters choline metabolism with 10 -60% lower circulating concentrations of choline derived methyl donors among pr egnant versus nonpregnant women. Stable isotope data suggested that pregnancy increased choline partitioning to the CDPcholine pathway at the expense of betaine synthesis, and also increased the use of cholinederived methyl groups for methionine synthesis and phosphatidylcholine synthesis through the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT) pathway. Despite the upregulation of both pathways for phosphatidylcholine synthesis, PEMT -phosphatidylcholine was selectively transferred to the fetus. Consumption of 930 (versus 480) mg choline/d increased circulating concentrations of choline derived methyl donors, restored the partitioning of choline between the CDP-choline and choline oxidative pathways to the nonpregnant state, and enhanced the use of choline as a methyl donor in both maternal and fetal compartments. In conclusion, choline requirements are elevated in those with the MTHFR 677TT genotype and among third trimester pregnant women, and current recommendations may be suboptimal for these population sub-groups. Advisors/Committee Members: Caudill, Marie A. (chair), Brenna, James Thomas (committee member), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member), Parker, Robert Stanley (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Choline; Genetic variants; Pregnancy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yan, J. (2013). Choline Metabolism In Response To Choline Intake, Pregnancy, And Polymorphisms Of One-Carbon Metabolic Genes In Humans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33882

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yan, Jian. “Choline Metabolism In Response To Choline Intake, Pregnancy, And Polymorphisms Of One-Carbon Metabolic Genes In Humans.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33882.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yan, Jian. “Choline Metabolism In Response To Choline Intake, Pregnancy, And Polymorphisms Of One-Carbon Metabolic Genes In Humans.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yan J. Choline Metabolism In Response To Choline Intake, Pregnancy, And Polymorphisms Of One-Carbon Metabolic Genes In Humans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33882.

Council of Science Editors:

Yan J. Choline Metabolism In Response To Choline Intake, Pregnancy, And Polymorphisms Of One-Carbon Metabolic Genes In Humans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33882

Cornell University

12. Ngure, Francis. Environmental Hygiene, Food Safety And Growth In Less Than Five Year Old Children In Zimbabwe And Ethiopia.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2012, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/31033

► Childhood stunting remains a significant public health challenge with adverse developmental and health outcomes in life and over generations. Efficacious dietary interventions have not achieved… (more)

▼ Childhood stunting remains a significant public health challenge with adverse developmental and health outcomes in life and over generations. Efficacious dietary interventions have not achieved full linear growth in height deficient children. This dissertation explores novel causes of poor growth in young children by: identifying pathways of fecal-oral transmission of fecal bacteria in rural Zimbabwean infants using in-depth observation methods (chapter 2), examining the role of poor water, sanitation and hygiene in predicting stunting, in the context of infant and young child feeding, in Ethiopia (Chapter 3) and assessing the extent of aflatoxin exposure in Zimbabwean women and its association with stunting in young children (Chapter 4). In chapter 2, soil and chicken feces ingestion were identified as key pathways for fecal-oral transmission of bacteria in rural Zimbabwean infants. In Chapter 3, poor environmental hygiene was associated with linear growth faltering, independent of socio-economic status, infant feeding and recent morbidity, in Ethiopian children 24-59 months of age. In chapter 4, significant aflatoxin exposure was associated with severe stunting in a dose response manner in rural Zimbabwean children 6 to 59 months of age. The combined results from the three research projects identified environmental hygiene and aflatoxin exposure as two novel causes of stunting in African infants. Existing water, hygiene and sanitation interventions are not sufficient to protect infants and young children from fecal bacteria ingestion through soil and poultry feces. In addition, existing hygiene interventions do not directly address improving household environmental hygiene. Designing effective hygiene interventions will require in-depth understanding of the context and how caregivers and infants interact with their environment. Effective aflatoxin exposure control might also be critical in achieving full growth potential in young children. Our findings raise the need for low cost strategies for aflatoxin control and a holistic approach in designing context- and agespecific hygiene interventions to prevent childhood stunting. Advisors/Committee Members: Stoltzfus, Rebecca Joyce (chair), Boor, Kathryn Jean (committee member), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member), Parker, Robert Stanley (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental hygiene; Infant feeding; Aflatoxin; soil ingestion; Child growth; Water; sanitation and hygiene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ngure, F. (2012). Environmental Hygiene, Food Safety And Growth In Less Than Five Year Old Children In Zimbabwe And Ethiopia. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/31033

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ngure, Francis. “Environmental Hygiene, Food Safety And Growth In Less Than Five Year Old Children In Zimbabwe And Ethiopia.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/31033.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ngure, Francis. “Environmental Hygiene, Food Safety And Growth In Less Than Five Year Old Children In Zimbabwe And Ethiopia.” 2012. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ngure F. Environmental Hygiene, Food Safety And Growth In Less Than Five Year Old Children In Zimbabwe And Ethiopia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/31033.

Council of Science Editors:

Ngure F. Environmental Hygiene, Food Safety And Growth In Less Than Five Year Old Children In Zimbabwe And Ethiopia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/31033

Cornell University

13. Wernimont, Susan. Genetic And Nutritional Variation In The Folate-Mediated One-Carbon Metabolic Network And Cardiovascular Disease (Cvd) Risk.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2011, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33624

► The aim of this research was to investigate the role of genetic and nutritional variation within the folate-mediated one-carbon network in relation to cardiovascular disease… (more)

▼ The aim of this research was to investigate the role of genetic and nutritional variation within the folate-mediated one-carbon network in relation to cardiovascular disease risk. The enzymes serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 (gene name SHMT1) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (gene name MTHFR) regulate key reactions in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism. We investigated the effect of the SHMT1 rs1979277 SNP and the SHMT1 rs1979277 - MTHFR rs1801133 interaction in two epidemiologic cohorts. In the Nurses' Health Study, the MTHFR rs1801133 variant genotypes were associated with an increased CVD risk, and there was an interaction between SHMT1 and MTHFR such that the association of MTHFR rs1801133 CT genotype (vs. CC; the TT genotype could not be evaluated) was stronger in the presence of the SHMT1 rs1979277 TT genotype. In the Health Professionals FollowUp Study, the MTHFR rs1801133 genotype was not associated with CVD risk nor was there an interaction with SHMT1 rs1979277. Next, using data from the Normative Aging Study, 330 SNPs in 52 genes were studied in relation to cardiovascular disease biomarkers. Using a nominal significance threshold of P[LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO]0.005, 20 SNPs were associated with homocysteine, 8 with Alu methylation, and 1 with LINE-1 methylation. Using a more stringent false discovery rate threshold, SNPs in FTCD, SLC19A1, and SLC19A3 genes were associated with plasma homocysteine, gene x vitamin B-6 interactions were identified for Alu and LINE-1 methylation, and epistatic interactions involving the MTHFR rs1801133 SNP were identified for the plasma homocysteine phenotype. Finally, the SNPs were prospectively evaluated for their association with cardiovascular disease in a U.S. population studied prior to mandatory folate fortification. Using a nominal significance threshold of P[LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO]0.005, 8 SNPs were associated with CVD risk. Using a more stringent false discovery rate threshold, a polymorphism in the GGH gene was associated with reduced CVD risk. A gene x folate interaction was identified (MAT2B) and two gene x vitamin B-12 interactions were identified (BHMT and SLC25A32). Hypotheses related to SHMT1 were explored and significant gene x gene interactions were identified. Overall, genetic variation in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism, other than the wellknown effects of the MTHFR 677 C[RIGHTWARDS ARROW]T rs1801133, is predictive of cardiovascular disease risk. Advisors/Committee Members: Cassano, Patricia Ann (chair), Clark, Andrew (committee member), Wells, Martin Timothy (committee member), Stover, Patrick J (committee member), Stipanuk, Martha Harney (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Folate; snp; Cardiovascular

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wernimont, S. (2011). Genetic And Nutritional Variation In The Folate-Mediated One-Carbon Metabolic Network And Cardiovascular Disease (Cvd) Risk. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33624

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wernimont, Susan. “Genetic And Nutritional Variation In The Folate-Mediated One-Carbon Metabolic Network And Cardiovascular Disease (Cvd) Risk.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33624.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wernimont, Susan. “Genetic And Nutritional Variation In The Folate-Mediated One-Carbon Metabolic Network And Cardiovascular Disease (Cvd) Risk.” 2011. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Wernimont S. Genetic And Nutritional Variation In The Folate-Mediated One-Carbon Metabolic Network And Cardiovascular Disease (Cvd) Risk. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33624.

Council of Science Editors:

Wernimont S. Genetic And Nutritional Variation In The Folate-Mediated One-Carbon Metabolic Network And Cardiovascular Disease (Cvd) Risk. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33624

Cornell University

14. Jiang, Xinyin. Influence Of Choline Intake During Pregnancy On Maternal And Fetal Genomic Markers In Humans.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2013, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34096

► Choline is an essential nutrient, which functions in cellular membrane structure, neurotransmission and methyl group donation. The need for choline increases substantially during pregnancy. An… (more)

▼ Choline is an essential nutrient, which functions in cellular membrane structure, neurotransmission and methyl group donation. The need for choline increases substantially during pregnancy. An Adequate Intake (AI) for choline has been established at 450mg/d for pregnant women. This thesis was focused on assessing the influence of choline intake exceeding the current AI during the third trimester of pregnancy on maternal and fetal genomic readouts in humans. A 12-week choline controlled feeding study was conducted among third trimester pregnant and nonpregnant control women. The participants were randomized to either 480mg choline/d, which is slightly above the AI, or 930mg/d. Maternal blood samples were retrieved at the study beginning (wk-0) and end (wk-12). Placental biopsies, and maternal and cord blood samples were retrieved at delivery. Epigenetic marks and transcriptomes were assessed. Genomic markers in fetal derived tissues were responsive to maternal choline intake. Specifically, the higher maternal choline intake group (930 vs 480 mg/d) had higher placental global DNA and histone methylation (P=0.02). The placental promoter DNA methylation of cortisol regulating genes corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) (P=0.05) and glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) (P=0.002) were also higher among women consuming 930 vs 480 mg choline/d, which was consistent with decreased CRH gene expression (P=0.05) in the placenta and lower cortisol in cord blood (P=0.07) in the 930 mg choline/d group. Analysis of the placental transcriptome revealed that the higher maternal choline intake group had lower expression of the anti-angiogenic factor soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT1) (P=0.05), a marker that predicts preeclampsia. Similar decreases (P=0.04) were detected in maternal blood sFLT1 protein concentrations. The effect of choline on decreasing sFLT1 was confirmed in a trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo. Additionally, in this cell line, suboptimal choline concentrations in the culture medium induced apoptosis, elevated oxidative stress, increased expression of angiogenic and inflammatory genes, and impaired in vitro angiogenesis. Inhibition of protein kinase C rescued the effects of low choline on angiogenesis and apoptosis indicating that choline deficiency perturbs this signaling pathway. In sum, a maternal choline intake exceeding current recommendations may beneficially program offspring stress reactivity and mitigate the production of proteins associated with preeclampsia. Advisors/Committee Members: Caudill, Marie A. (chair), O'Brien, Kimberly O (committee member), Soloway, Paul (committee member), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: choline; genomics; epigenetics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jiang, X. (2013). Influence Of Choline Intake During Pregnancy On Maternal And Fetal Genomic Markers In Humans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34096

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jiang, Xinyin. “Influence Of Choline Intake During Pregnancy On Maternal And Fetal Genomic Markers In Humans.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34096.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jiang, Xinyin. “Influence Of Choline Intake During Pregnancy On Maternal And Fetal Genomic Markers In Humans.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Jiang X. Influence Of Choline Intake During Pregnancy On Maternal And Fetal Genomic Markers In Humans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34096.

Council of Science Editors:

Jiang X. Influence Of Choline Intake During Pregnancy On Maternal And Fetal Genomic Markers In Humans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34096

Cornell University

15. Tang, Wenbo. The Role Of Genetics, Nutrition, And Cigarette Smoking In The Longitudinal Change In Lung Function.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2013, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34378

► Lung function is an important predictor of population morbidity and mortality. Decline in lung function is a natural part of aging, but accelerated loss in… (more)

▼ Lung function is an important predictor of population morbidity and mortality. Decline in lung function is a natural part of aging, but accelerated loss in lung function over time is a harbinger of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a leading cause of death globally. Smoking is widely recognized as the key risk factor for reduced lung function and COPD, although additional risk factors, such as genetics and nutrition, have been suggested to also play important roles in contributing to changes in lung function. The overall aim of this research was to investigate the role of, and interaction between, genetics, nutrition, and cigarette smoking in relation to the longitudinal change in lung function, as an indicator of COPD susceptibility. First, we explored the association between genetic variation within a network of antioxidant enzyme genes and the rate of change in lung function in a prospective cohort study of African and European American elderly adults; this study also investigated gene-bysmoking interaction. Evidence of association was identified for genetic variants in several candidate genes, among which were two novel genes (mGST3 and IDH3B) that interacted with smoking in both races/ethnicities. Second, to expand the scope of investigation to all common genetic variants iii throughout the entire human genome, we conducted a large-scale meta-analysis of genomewide association studies of longitudinal change in lung function in a consortium of 14 individual cohort studies of adults of European ancestry. We found evidence of association at two novel genetic loci (IL16/STARD5/TMC3 and ME3) in the meta-analysis and performed additional gene expression analyses to demonstrate that both loci harbor candidate genes with biologically plausible functional links to lung function. Finally, we explored the role of nutrition directly by investigating the relation between overall dietary patterns and longitudinal change in lung function in a prospective cohort of male adults, considering diet-by-smoking interaction. We identified two distinct dietary patterns by applying principal component analysis to food frequency questionnaire data, and found that a prudent diet rich in fruits, vegetables, fish, and poultry attenuated the accelerated decline in lung function in cigarette smokers, but had no association in non-smokers. iv Advisors/Committee Members: Cassano, Patricia Ann (chair), Wells, Martin Timothy (committee member), Clark, Andrew (committee member), Caudill, Marie A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Lung function; Genetics; Nutrition

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tang, W. (2013). The Role Of Genetics, Nutrition, And Cigarette Smoking In The Longitudinal Change In Lung Function. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34378

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tang, Wenbo. “The Role Of Genetics, Nutrition, And Cigarette Smoking In The Longitudinal Change In Lung Function.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34378.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tang, Wenbo. “The Role Of Genetics, Nutrition, And Cigarette Smoking In The Longitudinal Change In Lung Function.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Tang W. The Role Of Genetics, Nutrition, And Cigarette Smoking In The Longitudinal Change In Lung Function. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34378.

Council of Science Editors:

Tang W. The Role Of Genetics, Nutrition, And Cigarette Smoking In The Longitudinal Change In Lung Function. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34378

Cornell University

16. Garner, Christine. Obese Women'S Experiences Breastfeeding And Health Professionals' Experiences Providing Breastfeeding Care.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2015, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/41078

► Obese women breastfeed for a shorter time than normal-weight women, but little is known about how obese women experience breastfeeding or how health professionals (HPs)… (more)

▼ Obese women breastfeed for a shorter time than normal-weight women, but little is known about how obese women experience breastfeeding or how health professionals (HPs) experience providing breastfeeding care for them. Also, problems have been identified in breastfeeding care in previous research, but little is known about how women and HPs experience receiving and providing breastfeeding care across the continuum. Two qualitative studies were conducted in upstate New York. Thirty-four HPs who provided care during different periods of the continuum each participated in a single qualitative interview. Twenty-two normal-weight and obese women were followed longitudinally with serial interviews from pregnancy through postpartum. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and qualitatively analyzed using ATLAS.ti software. Peer-debriefing, and member-checking enhanced validity. Among HPs, obesity was not a salient risk factor for poorer breastfeeding outcomes, although nearly all HPs identified physical or psychosocial challenges they perceived as more common among obese women. HPs' own challenges in providing breastfeeding care for obese women emerged; caring for obese women were perceived as more time-consuming and more physically 3 demanding. Among women, obese mothers experienced more physical, medical, and social challenges for breastfeeding. Some challenges were unique to obesity, such as management of neonatal hypoglycemia, while others were exacerbated by obesity, such as positioning. HPs described breastfeeding care for all women as disjointed across the continuum with "no captain of the ship." This was attributed to HPs' lack of time and skills, gaps in care, and reliance on others to provide breastfeeding care. Women described analogous experiences receiving breastfeeding care, calling it a "gray area" for care. Women also believed their HPs were "in favor of" breastfeeding, but felt inadequately supported stating that HPs' "actions speak louder than words." This research identified key challenges experienced by obese breastfeeding women and the HPs who provide them with breastfeeding care. We suggest intervention strategies to address these challenges in each period of the continuum. Additionally, this research identified that both HPs and women perceived breastfeeding care as disjointed and inadequate. Improving skills among HPs and increasing access to breastfeeding care among women may positively affect women's breastfeeding experiences. 4 Advisors/Committee Members: Rasmussen,Kathleen Maher (chair), Wethington,Elaine (committee member), Cassano,Patricia Ann (committee member), Devine,Carol M (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: breastfeeding; obesity; health professional

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APA (6^th Edition):

Garner, C. (2015). Obese Women'S Experiences Breastfeeding And Health Professionals' Experiences Providing Breastfeeding Care. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/41078

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Garner, Christine. “Obese Women'S Experiences Breastfeeding And Health Professionals' Experiences Providing Breastfeeding Care.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/41078.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Garner, Christine. “Obese Women'S Experiences Breastfeeding And Health Professionals' Experiences Providing Breastfeeding Care.” 2015. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Garner C. Obese Women'S Experiences Breastfeeding And Health Professionals' Experiences Providing Breastfeeding Care. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/41078.

Council of Science Editors:

Garner C. Obese Women'S Experiences Breastfeeding And Health Professionals' Experiences Providing Breastfeeding Care. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/41078

Cornell University

17. Taesuwan, Siraphat. RELATIONSHIP OF CHOLINE AND TRIMETHYLAMINE-N-OXIDE INTAKE WITH METABOLIC AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN HUMANS.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2018, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59272

► This dissertation is focused on dietary choline and its derivative trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). Recent discoveries have implicated circulating TMAO as a candidate risk factor for cardiovascular… (more)

▼ This dissertation is focused on dietary choline and its derivative trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). Recent discoveries have implicated circulating TMAO as a candidate risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) among patients, but whether TMAO and dietary choline play a causative role in the disease process remains controversial. This dissertation describes 1) the production of TMAO from its dietary precursors (TMAO, choline and L-carnitine) in healthy individuals, 2) its metabolic fate within the body, and 3) the relationship between dietary choline and high blood pressure, a major risk factor for CVD. In Chapter 1, a randomized crossover feeding study was conducted where 40 healthy men consumed a test meal consisting of either fish (TMAO), eggs (choline), beef (choline and L-carnitine) or a fruit control. Postprandial blood collected for 6 hours after consumption of the test meal revealed that fish consumption yielded the highest increase in plasma TMAO metabolites among the test meals. Furthermore, production of TMAO following consumption of eggs or beef varied among individuals and correlated with the gut microbiome. The overall findings show that TMAO can be temporarily elevated in healthy individuals following consumption of various foods, especially heart-healthy fish. High variation in plasma TMAO in response to the same meals indicates metabolic differences among individuals that may be due to other factors such as composition of the gut microbiome. In Chapter 2, the metabolic fate of dietary TMAO was investigated. Participants enrolled in the feeding study consumed 50 mg deuterium-labeled methyl d9-TMAO (d9-TMAO) in the fruit control arm. We found that d9-TMAO entered circulation within 15 min and that 96% of the tracer was excreted in urine within 24 hours. These results demonstrate rapid absorption of intact TMAO along with its efficient elimination from the human body. In Chapter 3 the hypothesis that increased choline intake may increase CVD risk through elevated blood pressure was investigated. Using cross-sectional 2007-10 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we examined the relationship of choline intake with blood pressure and prevalence odds of hypertension in a general U.S. population. We found a borderline inverse association between choline intake and odds of hypertension in women but not in men. Furthermore, supplemental choline use by both sexes showed a significant inverse association with hypertension. We concluded that choline intake is not associated with blood pressure, a risk factor of CVD, in this population. Taken together, evidence in this dissertation does not support the hypothesis that dietary choline increases disease risks by elevating baseline circulating TMAO in healthy adults. More epidemiologic and experimental evidence are still needed to further confirm or dispute this hypothesis. Advisors/Committee Members: Caudill, Marie A. (chair), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member), Parker, Robert Stanley (committee member), Soloway, Paul (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Choline; Nutrition; Gut microbiota; Hypertension; NHANES; Randomized controlled trial; Trimethylamine-N-oxide

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APA (6^th Edition):

Taesuwan, S. (2018). RELATIONSHIP OF CHOLINE AND TRIMETHYLAMINE-N-OXIDE INTAKE WITH METABOLIC AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN HUMANS. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59272

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Taesuwan, Siraphat. “RELATIONSHIP OF CHOLINE AND TRIMETHYLAMINE-N-OXIDE INTAKE WITH METABOLIC AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN HUMANS.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59272.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Taesuwan, Siraphat. “RELATIONSHIP OF CHOLINE AND TRIMETHYLAMINE-N-OXIDE INTAKE WITH METABOLIC AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN HUMANS.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Taesuwan S. RELATIONSHIP OF CHOLINE AND TRIMETHYLAMINE-N-OXIDE INTAKE WITH METABOLIC AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN HUMANS. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59272.

Council of Science Editors:

Taesuwan S. RELATIONSHIP OF CHOLINE AND TRIMETHYLAMINE-N-OXIDE INTAKE WITH METABOLIC AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN HUMANS. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59272

Cornell University

18. Cao, Chang. Utilization Of Heme And Non-Heme Iron Sources During Pregnancy.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2014, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/38768

► Intestinal iron absorption increases during pregnancy to support maternal and fetal iron demands. Although knowledge on non-heme iron absorption has advanced substantially since identification of… (more)

▼ Intestinal iron absorption increases during pregnancy to support maternal and fetal iron demands. Although knowledge on non-heme iron absorption has advanced substantially since identification of the hormone hepcidin in 2000, the mechanisms of heme iron absorption remain elusive. Catabolism of senescent red blood cells releases 10-times more iron into the circulation daily than does iron absorption from the diet, yet the contribution of this endogenous maternal heme iron source to fetal iron transfer is unknown. The human placenta abundantly expresses an array of heme transporters but it is unclear whether these proteins play a role in placental heme utilization. The objective of this research was to explore the mechanism and regulation of heme and non-heme iron utilization in the duodenum and the placenta, the two major sites of iron flux during pregnancy. To address these questions, stable iron isotopes (57Fe and 58Fe) were used to measure duodenal heme and non-heme iron absorption in rats and placental transfer of iron derived from maternal red blood cell catabolism and from maternal diet in pregnant women. In Sprague Dawley rats, hepcidin up-regulation suppressed the absorption of both heme and nonheme iron but the effect was more pronounced for non-heme. Hepcidin was inversely associated with iron transporters on the apical but not basolateral side of the duodenum, suggesting apical iron transport is the primary target of hepcidin action. The stable iron isotope study in pregnant women (n=16, ages 17-35 years) indicated that iron derived from maternal red blood cells was transferred to the fetus, revealing the importance of maternal red cell iron stores in supporting fetal iron demands. In a cohort of pregnant adolescents (13-18 years), placental protein expression of two putative heme transporters were associated with neonatal iron status, consistent with a role of these proteins in placental iron transport. Future research is needed to elucidate the roles of these transporters in the uptake and intracellular trafficking of heme in the placenta and to characterize the sources of heme iron in the circulation and inter-tissue heme trafficking pathways. Advisors/Committee Members: O'Brien, Kimberly O (chair), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member), Davisson, Robin L (committee member), Gu, Zhenglong (committee member).

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cao, C. (2014). Utilization Of Heme And Non-Heme Iron Sources During Pregnancy. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/38768

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cao, Chang. “Utilization Of Heme And Non-Heme Iron Sources During Pregnancy.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/38768.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cao, Chang. “Utilization Of Heme And Non-Heme Iron Sources During Pregnancy.” 2014. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Cao C. Utilization Of Heme And Non-Heme Iron Sources During Pregnancy. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/38768.

Council of Science Editors:

Cao C. Utilization Of Heme And Non-Heme Iron Sources During Pregnancy. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/38768

Cornell University

19. Reardon, Brian. The Role Of Vitamin D In Pulmonary Function And Lung Gene Expression.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2012, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29233

► Decline in lung function is a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Vitamin D may protect against loss of lung function by modulating… (more)

▼ Decline in lung function is a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Vitamin D may protect against loss of lung function by modulating inflammation and tissue remodeling. We investigated the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) and genetic variants in vitamin D metabolic pathway genes with prognostic measures of obstructive lung disease including forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) using data from the Health Aging and Body Composition cohort study of adults aged 70-79. We also obtained the first evidence of differential gene expression in lung epithelial cells associated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in free-living humans. In regression models, there was a significant cross-sectional association of 25-OH-D with FEV1. We detected no association between 25OH-D and rate of FEV1 decline over 10 years. The longitudinal results suggest that vitamin D supplementation in non-deficient individuals is unlikely to prevent decline in lung function in this age range. However, results are also compatible with a beneficial effect of vitamin D earlier in life, which may explain the cross-sectional association of 25-OH-D with lung function. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D metabolic pathway genes were tested in linear regression models stratified by race. In African-Americans, rs3886163 and 2 haplotypes in CYP24A1 were associated with FEV1, and rs11168293 in VDR was associated with FEV1/FVC, after correction for multiple testing. Two gene-environment interactions, between serum 25-OH-D and SNPs in RXRA, in European-Americans were significant with false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.2. Microarray analysis was used to investigate gene expression in small airway epithelial cells associated with serum 25 -OH-D in a separate study of 26 healthy, adult never-smokers. Analysis was restricted to 156 candidate genes with prior evidence of vitamin D-modulated gene expression in vitro and at least 1 predicted vitamin D response element. Thirteen genes had significant differences in expression, and 3 genes (KCNS3, FSTL1, and DAPK1) were significant with FDR < 0.2. Gene ontology and literature analysis of differentially expressed genes supported plausible mechanisms for functional roles in asthma, COPD, cancer, and respon se to infection in lung. The physiological range of 25-OH-D is associated with functional differences in molecular outcomes in lung, implying mechanisms that explain and strengthen the plausibility of population-level studies showing associations of vitamin D with lung health. Advisors/Committee Members: Cassano, Patricia Ann (chair), Haas, Jere Douglas (committee member), Clark, Andrew (committee member), Brannon, Patsy Marie (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Vitamin D; Pulmonary Function; Gene Expression

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reardon, B. (2012). The Role Of Vitamin D In Pulmonary Function And Lung Gene Expression. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29233

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reardon, Brian. “The Role Of Vitamin D In Pulmonary Function And Lung Gene Expression.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29233.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reardon, Brian. “The Role Of Vitamin D In Pulmonary Function And Lung Gene Expression.” 2012. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Reardon B. The Role Of Vitamin D In Pulmonary Function And Lung Gene Expression. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29233.

Council of Science Editors:

Reardon B. The Role Of Vitamin D In Pulmonary Function And Lung Gene Expression. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29233

20. Felice, Julia. A Mixed-Methods Investigation Of Pumping Human Milk And Feeding Pumped Milk To Infants.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2015, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/39457

► Most U.S. mothers who feed their human milk (HM) to their infants now use pumps and bottles or cups to replace some or all feeding… (more)

▼ Most U.S. mothers who feed their human milk (HM) to their infants now use pumps and bottles or cups to replace some or all feeding at the breast (FAB). Little is known about how mothers perceive or feel about these practices or how human milk expression (HME) may relate to longterm practices for feeding HM from breasts or bottles. Longitudinal qualitative data came from 20 mothers in upstate New York who pumped HM and whose infants were fed pumped HM. We interviewed women from pregnancy up to 1 year postpartum, and identified themes with content analysis of transcripts. Longitudinal quantitative data came from the 1,044 mothers in the Infant Feeding Practices Study II who fed and pumped HM 1.5-4.5 months postpartum. We used survival analyses to examine associations between mothers' HME frequency 1.5-4.5 months and the duration of any or exclusive HM and of FAB. In our qualitative sample, mothers appreciated that pumps and bottles let them share the bonding and burden of feeding infants. However, they found that HME and related tasks were unpleasant or time-consuming and that considerations for HME and bottle-feeding were reduced or absent while FAB. Mothers used data from HME and bottle-feeding sessions to understand their ability to meet their infants' needs. In our quantitative sample, mothers who pumped more often than the median had a significantly higher average hazard for stopping feeding any HM and for feeding HM exclusively, by 40% and 28% respectively, than those who pumped least often. Their hazard of stopping FAB changed over time, but remained significant until 6 months, when hazards were 6.4 times higher. For health professionals, these findings provide important insights into mothers' experiences pumping HM and having other caregivers feed it to their infants. Our data also suggest that highfrequency pumping may adversely affect the duration of HM feeding. These findings signal to policymakers that efforts to meet national goals for HM-feeding should include support for FAB and for HME at work. Finally, these findings are a call for researchers to investigate links between pumping and bottle-feeding HM and outcomes for infants and mothers. Advisors/Committee Members: Rasmussen, Kathleen Maher (chair), Olson, Christine Marie (committee member), Cassano, Patricia Ann (committee member), Geraghty, Sheela Rath (committee member), Lujan, Marla E. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: lactation; infant feeding; maternal employment

…subjects research by the Cornell University Institutional Review Board. 7 Results Twenty…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Felice, J. (2015). A Mixed-Methods Investigation Of Pumping Human Milk And Feeding Pumped Milk To Infants. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/39457

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Felice, Julia. “A Mixed-Methods Investigation Of Pumping Human Milk And Feeding Pumped Milk To Infants.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/39457.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Felice, Julia. “A Mixed-Methods Investigation Of Pumping Human Milk And Feeding Pumped Milk To Infants.” 2015. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Felice J. A Mixed-Methods Investigation Of Pumping Human Milk And Feeding Pumped Milk To Infants. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/39457.

Council of Science Editors:

Felice J. A Mixed-Methods Investigation Of Pumping Human Milk And Feeding Pumped Milk To Infants. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/39457

21. Omotayo, Moshood. Integrating Strategies For Prevention Of Pre-Eclampsia And Anemia In Pregnancy Into Primary Healthcare Delivery In Kenya.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2016, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/45282

Subjects/Keywords: Preeclampsia; Calcium Supplementation; Feasibility

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APA (6^th Edition):

Omotayo, M. (2016). Integrating Strategies For Prevention Of Pre-Eclampsia And Anemia In Pregnancy Into Primary Healthcare Delivery In Kenya. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/45282

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Omotayo, Moshood. “Integrating Strategies For Prevention Of Pre-Eclampsia And Anemia In Pregnancy Into Primary Healthcare Delivery In Kenya.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/45282.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Omotayo, Moshood. “Integrating Strategies For Prevention Of Pre-Eclampsia And Anemia In Pregnancy Into Primary Healthcare Delivery In Kenya.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Omotayo M. Integrating Strategies For Prevention Of Pre-Eclampsia And Anemia In Pregnancy Into Primary Healthcare Delivery In Kenya. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/45282.

Council of Science Editors:

Omotayo M. Integrating Strategies For Prevention Of Pre-Eclampsia And Anemia In Pregnancy Into Primary Healthcare Delivery In Kenya. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/45282

Cornell University

22. Guertin, Kristin. A Randomized Trial Of Vitamin E And Selenium: Plausibility Of Effects On Lung Function Decline.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2013, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34032

Subjects/Keywords: lung function; COPD; vitamin E; selenium

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Guertin, K. (2013). A Randomized Trial Of Vitamin E And Selenium: Plausibility Of Effects On Lung Function Decline. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34032

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guertin, Kristin. “A Randomized Trial Of Vitamin E And Selenium: Plausibility Of Effects On Lung Function Decline.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34032.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guertin, Kristin. “A Randomized Trial Of Vitamin E And Selenium: Plausibility Of Effects On Lung Function Decline.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Guertin K. A Randomized Trial Of Vitamin E And Selenium: Plausibility Of Effects On Lung Function Decline. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34032.

Council of Science Editors:

Guertin K. A Randomized Trial Of Vitamin E And Selenium: Plausibility Of Effects On Lung Function Decline. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34032

Open Access Theses and Dissertations