+publisher:"Colorado State University" +contributor:("Thomas, Milton")

Colorado State University

1. Crawford, Natalie Faye. Pulmonary arterial pressure as an indicator for high altitude disease in cattle: breed differences and relationships with growth performance.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Animal Sciences, 2015, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170406

► High altitude disease (HAD), commonly known as brisket disease, is a natural occurring phenomenon in cattle. This disease occurs most often in high altitude (>… (more)

▼ High altitude disease (HAD), commonly known as brisket disease, is a natural occurring phenomenon in cattle. This disease occurs most often in high altitude (> 1,500 m) environments, where adaptability to the hypoxic conditions may be insufficient. Pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) scores are the most useful tool available to cattle producers in predicting an animal’s susceptibility to HAD. The all-encompassing objectives for this thesis were to delineate the important factors influencing PAP scores and understand the relationships between PAP scores and other performance traits, where selection for more favorable PAP may have adverse effects on those performance traits. Two sources of data were used for this thesis: Historical records from the San Juan Basin Research Center, 4-Corners Bull Test (1983 to 2005; n = 2,041) and from the Colorado State University Beef Improvement Center (1993 to 2014; CSU-BIC; n = 8,718). For the 4-Corners study, data of yearling age and breed of cattle were used to determine how PAP varies with regards to both of these effects. The model of birth year, pen, breed, and yearling age effects on yearling PAP revealed these terms were all significant predictors of PAP (P < 0.01). With every one-day increase in yearling age, PAP increased by 0.03 (± 0.01) mm Hg (P < 0.01) with a mean PAP of 45.2 ± 12.8 mm Hg. Breed was found to be a highly significant factor (P < 0.001) in the model influencing PAP scores for bulls developed at high altitude. There was a 13.8-mm Hg range between breeds with the lowest adjusted PAP estimate to those with the highest adjusted PAP. The results suggested that appropriate breed selection based on reduced PAP scores could be advantageous in reducing the susceptibility of cattle to HAD and subsequent death due to pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure. The CSU-BIC data contained production weight traits of birth (36.2 ± 5.1), weaning (213.5 ± 31.8), yearling (345.6 ± 83.9), and post-weaning gain (121.9 ± 63.7) and PAP (42.4 ± 9.9) scores and these data were used to estimate heritabilities and relationships amongst them (mean ± SD; kg). Single-trait, two-trait, and multi-trait models revealed genetic correlations between PAP and the weight traits ranging from -0.11 ± 0.10 to 0.23 ± 0.08. An advantage to using a multi-trait model over a two-trait model is the increase in heritability due to the increase of information from more traits evaluated. Results of this study suggested that selection for lower PAP should not have adverse effects on the growth performance traits evaluated. Advisors/Committee Members: Enns, R. Mark (advisor), Thomas, Milton (advisor), Holt, Timothy (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: beef cattle; breed; growth; high altitude disease; pulmonary arterial pressure

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APA (6^th Edition):

Crawford, N. F. (2015). Pulmonary arterial pressure as an indicator for high altitude disease in cattle: breed differences and relationships with growth performance. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170406

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Crawford, Natalie Faye. “Pulmonary arterial pressure as an indicator for high altitude disease in cattle: breed differences and relationships with growth performance.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170406.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Crawford, Natalie Faye. “Pulmonary arterial pressure as an indicator for high altitude disease in cattle: breed differences and relationships with growth performance.” 2015. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Crawford NF. Pulmonary arterial pressure as an indicator for high altitude disease in cattle: breed differences and relationships with growth performance. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170406.

Council of Science Editors:

Crawford NF. Pulmonary arterial pressure as an indicator for high altitude disease in cattle: breed differences and relationships with growth performance. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170406

Colorado State University

2. Hernandez Cordero, Ana Isabel. Predictive potential of genotypes within the prolactin, growth hormone and insulin -like growth factor-I pathways in genetic evaluation of 305 days milk yield in Holstein cows in Sonora, Mexico.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Animal Sciences, 2015, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167095

► The objective of this study was to calculate a molecular breeding value (MBV) using single nucleotide polymorphims (SNP) within genes of the prolactin (PRL) and… (more)

▼ The objective of this study was to calculate a molecular breeding value (MBV) using single nucleotide polymorphims (SNP) within genes of the prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor (GH-IGF1) pathways associated with milk production traits and evaluate their effectiveness in genetic prediction in Holstein cows in Sonora, Mexico. We hypothesized that MBV constructed using DNA markers within the PRL and GH-IGF1 pathways have the potential to predict milk production traits in heat-stressed lactating Holstein cows. The data contained observations of 659 Holstein dairy cows collected during 2012 from the city of Obregón, Sonora, Mexico. Milk yield observations were recorded monthly and 305 d milk yield was calculated. Cows were genotyped for 179 tag SNP within 43 genes in the PRL and GH-IGF1 pathways. Eight SNP within 5 genes were associated with 305d milk yield (P ≤ 0.05). No previous research reported these associations. Their effects were used to estimate a MBV. The linear correlation of the MBV and 305 d milk yield was 0.21 and the adjusted R² was 4.5%. Genetic parameters were estimated in ASREML for 305 d milk yield (h² = 0.39 ± 0.11). A training and predicting exercise, was performed using SAS 9.4 with the same data set. The SNP effects and association were estimated and used to calculate an MBV. The MBV was estimated and evaluated by comparing estimates from a 5-fold strategy of random clustering. This procedure was repeated five times, resulting in five MBV. To evaluate the effectiveness of these MBV, correlations and adjusted R² were estimated between MBV and 305 d milk yield. One MBV (MBV5) was correlated (-0.27) and had an adjusted R² of 6.37%. The MBV estimated from SNP within the PRL and GH-IGF1 pathways genes was positive but weakly associated with 305 d milk yield. In the training-predicting exercise, only 1 of the 5 MBV explained a portion of the variation in 305 d milk yield. The small amount of phenotypic variation may be due to the small numbers of SNP used to calculate the MBV and the polygenic nature of the trait under heat stress conditions. The quality of the data, could also affect the results. We accept our hypothesis, the MBV was capable of predicting a portion of the phenotypic variation in 305 d milk yield in lactating Holstein cows in Sonora, MX. Nevertheless, the accuracy and amount of variability explained was not enough to be feasible for use in genetic selection procedures. Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Milton G. (advisor), Enns, Richard M. (advisor), Speidel, Scott (committee member), McConnel, Craig (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: IGF1; prolactin; GH; SNP; MBV

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hernandez Cordero, A. I. (2015). Predictive potential of genotypes within the prolactin, growth hormone and insulin -like growth factor-I pathways in genetic evaluation of 305 days milk yield in Holstein cows in Sonora, Mexico. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167095

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hernandez Cordero, Ana Isabel. “Predictive potential of genotypes within the prolactin, growth hormone and insulin -like growth factor-I pathways in genetic evaluation of 305 days milk yield in Holstein cows in Sonora, Mexico.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167095.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hernandez Cordero, Ana Isabel. “Predictive potential of genotypes within the prolactin, growth hormone and insulin -like growth factor-I pathways in genetic evaluation of 305 days milk yield in Holstein cows in Sonora, Mexico.” 2015. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hernandez Cordero AI. Predictive potential of genotypes within the prolactin, growth hormone and insulin -like growth factor-I pathways in genetic evaluation of 305 days milk yield in Holstein cows in Sonora, Mexico. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167095.

Council of Science Editors:

Hernandez Cordero AI. Predictive potential of genotypes within the prolactin, growth hormone and insulin -like growth factor-I pathways in genetic evaluation of 305 days milk yield in Holstein cows in Sonora, Mexico. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167095

Colorado State University

3. Zeng, Xi. Beef cattle maternal and terminal economic selection indices.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Animal Sciences, 2013, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79209

► The breeding objective in most livestock operations is to increase profit ability by improving production efficiency. Animals with different purposes are associated with different production… (more)

▼ The breeding objective in most livestock operations is to increase profit ability by improving production efficiency. Animals with different purposes are associated with different production systems. The objective of the study is to develop economic selection indices for females and males in three different production systems: maternal, terminal with self-replacement females, and terminal without self-replacement females, based on production characteristics in the intermountain region of the US. Profit equations were constructed to derive economic values under fixed herd size scenario. The parameters used to calculate the cumulative discounted gene expressions (CDGE) and genetic parameters were estimated from 10,007 individual records and 27,165 pedigree records from the Angus herd at the John E. Rouse Beef Improvement Center of Colorado State University. There were 313 sires with an average generation interval of 3.30 years involved in the study, as well as 2,160 dams with an average generation interval of 5.32 years. Sensitivity tests were performed to test the effect of changing production and economic variables on economic selection indices weights. The impacts on selection index for all systems were small with changing production variable. Also, varying economic variables had small effect on selection index of maternal system with correlations among objectives more than 0.80. However, it affects the selection index of two terminal systems a lot with low (-0.05) or even negative (-0.82) correlation between one and another other. The selection responses with considering the cumulative discounted gene expression and based on six economic selection indices were 259.77, 957.10, 93.901, 361.58, 71.81 and 279.30 per generation for females and male in the three production systems, maternal, terminal with self-replacement heifer and terminal without self-replacement heifer, assuming that the selection intensity is one standard deviation. Under all scenarios, selection will lead to increasing profit. Advisors/Committee Members: Enns, Richard Mark (advisor), Thomas, Milton G. (committee member), Dalsted, Norman L. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: breeding objective; selection response; selection index; profit equation; economic value

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zeng, X. (2013). Beef cattle maternal and terminal economic selection indices. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79209

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zeng, Xi. “Beef cattle maternal and terminal economic selection indices.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79209.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zeng, Xi. “Beef cattle maternal and terminal economic selection indices.” 2013. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Zeng X. Beef cattle maternal and terminal economic selection indices. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79209.

Council of Science Editors:

Zeng X. Beef cattle maternal and terminal economic selection indices. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79209

Colorado State University

4. Culbertson, Miranda M. Effects of beef cow milk production levels on longevity and stayability.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Animal Sciences, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88514

► The objective of this study was to determine the effects of beef cow milk potential on their ability to remain in the herd. We hypothesized… (more)

▼ The objective of this study was to determine the effects of beef cow milk potential on their ability to remain in the herd. We hypothesized that in areas with more arid climates and associated forage quantity and quality challenges, cows with higher genetic potential for milk production, measured as milk EPD, may not remain in the herd as long as in more favorable environments. Two sources of data were used to examine this effect. The Red Angus Association of America provided breeder and herd records for stayability on 120,871 cows from 229 breeders with each herd subsequently classified into 8 different environments (biomes). In order to measure length of productive life, a score for longevity was assigned to each cow as the age at which she calved her last calf. Data were analyzed in ASREML3.0 using a mixed model with milk EPD, metabolic weight EPD and biome class as fixed effects to predict cow longevity (length of productive life). The quadratic term of milk EPD2 was included in the model as well as an interaction between milk EPD2 and biome. The interaction term was significant (P<0.001) with regression coefficients of 0.01414, 0.01693, 0.01096, 0.010504, 0.002240, 0.017331, 0.019607 and 0.014834 for the eight biomes of California Division, Subtropical Division, Prairie Division, Eastern Great Plains Division, Western Great Plains Division, Dry Domain, Rocky Mountain Province, and Hot Continental Division, respectively. The positive coefficients indicated that as levels of milk EPD increased so would longevity; however, rates were different depending upon biome. A logistic regression was also performed using SAS 9.3 with stayability to 6 years of age (a binary outcome) as the dependent variable for milk EPD, milk EPD2, metabolic weight EPD and biome as fixed effects. An interaction term for biome with milk EPD, and biome with milk EPD2 was also included and was significant (P<0.0001). As milk EPD increased the probability of a cow remaining in the herd increased for all biomes quantified by odds ratios. The second source of data was provided by the Colorado State University John E. Rouse Beef Improvement Center (BIC). Using SAS 9.3, the regression of longevity on the linear and quadratic effect of cow's milk EPD as a main effect was conducted resulting in a regression coefficient of 0.1002. This positive regression coefficient suggested that for higher levels of milk EPD, the positive relationship between milk EPD and longevity increased. Logistic regressions were also conducted with the BIC data for the binary outcomes of stayability to 3 years of age and 6 years of age with those regressed on milk EPD and milk EPD2. The resulting regression coefficient for stayability of 3 years was -0.0537 with an odds ratio of 0.948. For stayability to 6 years, the resulting regression coefficient was -0.0354 with an odds ratio of 0.965. These results suggested very little change in odds for receiving a stayability score of 1 as milk increases. Based on our results from the data from RAAA, we would… Advisors/Committee Members: Enns, R. Mark (advisor), Thomas, Milton G. (committee member), Pritchett, James (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: beef cattle; stayability; milk EPD; longevity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Culbertson, M. M. (2014). Effects of beef cow milk production levels on longevity and stayability. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88514

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Culbertson, Miranda M. “Effects of beef cow milk production levels on longevity and stayability.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88514.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Culbertson, Miranda M. “Effects of beef cow milk production levels on longevity and stayability.” 2014. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Culbertson MM. Effects of beef cow milk production levels on longevity and stayability. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88514.

Council of Science Editors:

Culbertson MM. Effects of beef cow milk production levels on longevity and stayability. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88514

Colorado State University

5. Klohonatz, Kristin M. Profiling equine endometrial gene expression during maternal recognition of pregnancy.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Animal Sciences, 2013, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80255

► In order to maintain a pregnancy in the mare the presence of a conceptus in the uterus must be recognized by the endometrium. This is… (more)

▼ In order to maintain a pregnancy in the mare the presence of a conceptus in the uterus must be recognized by the endometrium. This is known as maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) and is required to prevent the secretion of prostaglandin F2α (PGF), starting on day 14 post-ovulation, from the endometrium into circulation. The secretion of PGF initiates luteolysis of the corpus luteum, which is secreting progesterone, the hormone needed to maintain a pregnancy. However, little is known about maternal recognition of pregnancy in the mare. It is critical that the embryo is mobile throughout the entire uterine lumen to signal maternal recognition of pregnancy between days 12-14. The embryo ceases mobility on day 16 by fixing at the base of one of the uterine horns, independent of the side of ovulation. Previously, an equine specific microarray analysis was performed on days 14, 16, and 18 post-ovulation comparing endometrial gene expression between pregnant and non-pregnant mares. From this analysis, ten genes: juxtaposed with another zinc finger protein 1-like (JAZF1), secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), S100 calcium binding protein G (S100G), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), solute carrier family 36 (proton/amino acid symporter), member 2 (SLC36A2), methyltransferase-like protein 7A-like (METTL7A), retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1-like (RALDH1), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 (EIF2AK3), dickkopf 1 homolog (DKK1), and adrenomedullin (ADM), were identified as having consistently higher or lower expression levels in the endometrium of pregnant mares at all three time points. The goal of this study was to confirm and expand upon the results of the microarray on days 14, 16, and 18, by real time PCR (RT-PCR), and to evaluate differential gene expression on day 12. We hypothesized that the expression of the aforementioned ten genes will be the same on day 12 endometrium from pregnant mares as days 14, 16, and 18 endometrium from pregnant mares because day 12 is the start of maternal recognition of pregnancy. To test this hypothesis, 12 normally cycling mares were utilized in a crossover design. Each mare was assigned to a random collection day (day 12, 14, 16, or 18 post-ovulation) and provided endometrial samples from a pregnant cycle and then a non-pregnant (non-mated) cycle (n=3 per day). Endometrial biopsy samples were snap frozen and stored until total RNA was isolated for RT-PCR. This analysis was consistent with the microarray results for days 14, 16, and 18. On day 12, 6 of the 10 differentially expressed genes had the same pattern of expression as day 14, but 4 of the genes had opposite expression levels on day 12. Endometrial samples were then collected on day 13 post-ovulation (n=3) and processed for protein isolation and immunohistochemical analysis. The specificity of rabbit polyclonal antibodies for sPLA2 and DKK1 for equine endometrium were confirmed by Western Blot analysis. Upon conformation of antibody specificity, immunohistochemistry was used to determine the localization of… Advisors/Committee Members: Bruemmer, Jason E. (advisor), Bouma, Gerrit (committee member), Thomas, Milton (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: endometrium; reproduction; pregnancy; maternal recognition of pregnancy; equine

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APA (6^th Edition):

Klohonatz, K. M. (2013). Profiling equine endometrial gene expression during maternal recognition of pregnancy. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80255

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Klohonatz, Kristin M. “Profiling equine endometrial gene expression during maternal recognition of pregnancy.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80255.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Klohonatz, Kristin M. “Profiling equine endometrial gene expression during maternal recognition of pregnancy.” 2013. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Klohonatz KM. Profiling equine endometrial gene expression during maternal recognition of pregnancy. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80255.

Council of Science Editors:

Klohonatz KM. Profiling equine endometrial gene expression during maternal recognition of pregnancy. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80255

6. Foxworthy, Heather. Heritability and repeatability estimates of first service conception and first cycle calving in Angus cattle.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Animal Sciences, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197461

► Described as the ability of an individual to conceive and remain pregnant, fertility remains one of the largest economic impacts on cattle producers. Infertility and(or)… (more)

▼ Described as the ability of an individual to conceive and remain pregnant, fertility remains one of the largest economic impacts on cattle producers. Infertility and(or) sub-fertility in the cow herd can result in financial losses due to a reduction in calf crop, lower quality calves, and increased breeding and replacement costs. Improving reproductive efficiency via altered management and selection could prove useful for cattle managers to minimize these costs while increasing genetic gain and income. However, historically the investigation of fertility traits has been minimal due to the binary nature of many of the traits making analysis difficult. In addition, given the nature of the phenotypes, heritability estimates of fertility traits are generally low, suggesting minimal genetic influence and therefore slow rates of genetic gain. First service conception (FSC) is a binary trait that describes the outcome of the first service of artificial insemination (AI) with success or failure phenotypes. Furthermore, a trait termed first cycle calving (FCC) describes the ability of a female to calve within a 21-day period of the due date based on the initial opportunity for conception in the first 21 days of the breeding season. The objectives of this thesis included the further investigation of the influential factors, genetic and environmental, on the success of first service conception and first cycle calving with the end result estimates of heritability and repeatability for these traits in Angus cattle. Data used for this analysis was sourced from the Colorado State University Beef Improvement Center (1985 to 2018; CSU-BIC; N = 8,206) near Saratoga, Wyoming where an Angus cow herd is managed for research purposes. The data used included breeding and ultrasound records, as well as data on the resulting and previous calves. Model selection resulted in fixed effects of birth year (P < 0.001), mating type (insemination based on estrus or during mass mating; P < 0.001), contemporary group consisting of synchronization protocol, semen type, and mating year (P < 0.001), previous calving ease (P < 0.001), and covariates of mating age in days (P < 0.01), and post-partum interval (P < 0.001) for both FSC and FCC. Variance components for the two traits were estimated using a REML procedure and then combined into estimates of heritability and repeatability. Analysis resulted in estimates of 0.03 ± 0.02 and 0.15 ± 0.03 for FSC and FCC, respectively for both heritability and repeatability when considering the entire female reproductive lifespan. When observations were segregated into immature and mature categories of beef females one to four years of age at mating and five years or greater, differences in parameter estimates became apparent. Estimates of heritability for FSC in immature and mature females were 0.04 ± 0.04 and 0.02 ± 0.05, respectively while repeatability was estimated for the two categories at 0.04 ± 0.04 and 0.08 ± 0.04. These estimates for mature females suggested a detectable influence of the permanent… Advisors/Committee Members: Enns, R. Mark (advisor), Speidel, Scott E. (advisor), Thomas, Milton G. (committee member), Callan, Robert (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: first cycle calving; repeatability; beef cattle; reproduction; first service conception

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APA (6^th Edition):

Foxworthy, H. (2019). Heritability and repeatability estimates of first service conception and first cycle calving in Angus cattle. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197461

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Foxworthy, Heather. “Heritability and repeatability estimates of first service conception and first cycle calving in Angus cattle.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197461.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Foxworthy, Heather. “Heritability and repeatability estimates of first service conception and first cycle calving in Angus cattle.” 2019. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Foxworthy H. Heritability and repeatability estimates of first service conception and first cycle calving in Angus cattle. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197461.

Council of Science Editors:

Foxworthy H. Heritability and repeatability estimates of first service conception and first cycle calving in Angus cattle. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197461

Colorado State University

7. Krehbiel, Bethany Cornwell. Evaluation of population genetic structure in two British Bos taurus breeds across five U.S. climate zones.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Animal Sciences, 2017, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/181393

► The objective of this thesis was to determine the fine-scale genetic diversity in Hereford and Red Angus cattle in relation to climate. Two hundred and… (more)

▼ The objective of this thesis was to determine the fine-scale genetic diversity in Hereford and Red Angus cattle in relation to climate. Two hundred and twenty-five Hereford cattle and 174 Red Angus prominent AI sires were assigned to five U.S. climate regions (Cool Arid, Cool Humid, Transition Zone, Warm Arid, and Warm Humid). SNP-based methods were used to evaluate genetic diversity in the cattle in each of the U.S. climate zones. The first method utilized neutral SNP and the ADMIXTURE software to determine the genetic structure of the population. The second method used 66 SNP associated with traits potentially influenced by climate (body weight, heat stress, milk yield, heifer conception rate, and early embryonic survival) to determine Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium and detection of loci under selection in each climate zone for Hereford and Red Angus breeds. Using 14,312 SNP, analyses of Hereford cattle revealed genetic structure that corresponded with climate zone. Additionally, 15 of the 66 SNP violated Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium and detection of loci under selection (P < 0.05). Analysis of the 15 SNP revealed allele frequencies that were unique to the climate zones. Using 13,960 SNP, the genetic structure analysis of Red Angus sires revealed that there were eight sub-populations present within the breed. Additionally, 23 of the 66 SNP violated Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium and detection of loci under selection (P < 0.05). Allele frequency analysis of the 23 SNP did not show genetic substructure that corresponded to climate zone. In conclusion, fine-scale evaluation of Hereford cattle revealed a genetic substructure corresponded with climate zone. However, fine-scale genetic substructure was detected in Red Angus sires, but did not correspond to U.S. climate zones. By identifying the genetic diversity in these prominent British beef breeds in relation to climate, management strategies can be formed to utilize the genetic diversity of these breeds to combat climate change. Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Milton G. (advisor), Blackburn, Harvey D. (committee member), Enns, R. Mark (committee member), Speidel, Scott (committee member), Byrne, Patrick (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: genetic diversity; molecular markers; SNP; Hereford; Red Angus; Bos taurus

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APA (6^th Edition):

Krehbiel, B. C. (2017). Evaluation of population genetic structure in two British Bos taurus breeds across five U.S. climate zones. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/181393

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Krehbiel, Bethany Cornwell. “Evaluation of population genetic structure in two British Bos taurus breeds across five U.S. climate zones.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/181393.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Krehbiel, Bethany Cornwell. “Evaluation of population genetic structure in two British Bos taurus breeds across five U.S. climate zones.” 2017. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Krehbiel BC. Evaluation of population genetic structure in two British Bos taurus breeds across five U.S. climate zones. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/181393.

Council of Science Editors:

Krehbiel BC. Evaluation of population genetic structure in two British Bos taurus breeds across five U.S. climate zones. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/181393

8. Pierce, Courtney F. Identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with beef cattle terrain-use in the western United States.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Animal Sciences, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195272

► Beef cattle are drawn to areas with gentle terrain, which may result in heavy grazing near riparian zones and minimal grazing on rugged terrain. Traditional… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: grazing distribution; QTL; terrain-use; GWAS; cattle; SNP

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pierce, C. F. (2019). Identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with beef cattle terrain-use in the western United States. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195272

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pierce, Courtney F. “Identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with beef cattle terrain-use in the western United States.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195272.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pierce, Courtney F. “Identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with beef cattle terrain-use in the western United States.” 2019. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Pierce CF. Identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with beef cattle terrain-use in the western United States. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195272.

Council of Science Editors:

Pierce CF. Identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with beef cattle terrain-use in the western United States. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195272

Colorado State University

9. Crawford, Natalie Faye. Calcium signaling genes in association with altitude-induced pulmonary hypertension in Angus cattle.

Degree: PhD, Animal Sciences, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199732

► This research used multi-omics technology (i.e., RNA-seq, qPCR for gene expression, SNP discovery and validation) to understand the influence of a particular subset genes on… (more)

▼ This research used multi-omics technology (i.e., RNA-seq, qPCR for gene expression, SNP discovery and validation) to understand the influence of a particular subset genes on altitude-induced pulmonary hypertension susceptibility in Angus cattle. Three research aims were established to test the hypothesis that calcium-related genes may be associated with pulmonary hypertension in beef cattle. Data and samples utilized for the research came from the Colorado State University Beef Improvement Center Angus herd managed at 2,150 m of altitude. Transcriptome data from 6 tissues and 14 hypertensive and normotensive Angus steers were utilized for differential expression and pathway analyses. The objectives of the first aim were to: 1) to estimate and identify differentially expressed genes from RNA-Seq and pathway analyses, and 2) select putative candidate genes to analyze with qPCR (gene expression level). The largest number of DE genes was revealed in aorta (n = 631) and right ventricle (n = 2,183) samples. Top canonical pathways related to calcium signaling or utilization included: synaptic long-term depression, signaling by Rho family GTPases, and oxidative phosphorylation. Genes regulating calcium availability and utilization were expressed differently (log2 fold change > 0.589, < -0.589; P < 0.05) in Angus cattle with and without pulmonary hypertension. Isolated RNA from cardiac muscle (n = 9) and control muscle (n = 2) tissues from hypertensive and normotensive Angus steers were utilized to estimate gene expression using quantitative reverse transcription PCR in the candidate genes from Chapter 3. The objectives of this chapter were: 1) to establish the most appropriate reference genes in cardiac muscle tissues, and 2) to estimate and validated relative gene expression of calcium-related genes in cardiac muscle tissues using qPCR methods. Differences (P < 0.0055) among hypertensive and normotensive steers were estimated for right papillary muscle and right cardiac ventricle tissues (top, middle, and bottom) in candidate genes: ASIC2, EDN1, NOX4, PLA2G4A, RCAN1, and THBS4. Results of the current study validate the expression differences previously established of genes that regulate the availability and utilization of calcium with PH status in Angus steers at high altitude. Variant detection and association analyses were completed with 2 sets of available -omics data to identify opportunities for development of selection tools for reduced susceptibility to PH. The objectives of the third aim were to: 1) detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the transcriptome of 6 tissues, and 2) identify functional consequences of those variants associated with validated candidate genes from qPCR analyses. Pooled Angus sample analysis revealed 68 SNP in the 6 candidate genes: ASIC2, EDN1, NOX4, PLA2G4A, RCAN1, and THBS4. Thirty-eight SNP were revealed in the hypertensive group and 8 SNP in the normotensive steer group. Ten of the 68 identified SNP are utilized on large density commercially available bovine SNP chips (Illumina… Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Milton G. (advisor), Coleman, Stephen J. (advisor), Enns, R. Mark (committee member), Speidel, Scott E. (committee member), Garry, Franklyn B. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Angus; qRT-PCR; variants; pulmonary hypertension; altitude; RNA-Seq

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APA (6^th Edition):

Crawford, N. F. (2019). Calcium signaling genes in association with altitude-induced pulmonary hypertension in Angus cattle. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199732

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Crawford, Natalie Faye. “Calcium signaling genes in association with altitude-induced pulmonary hypertension in Angus cattle.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199732.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Crawford, Natalie Faye. “Calcium signaling genes in association with altitude-induced pulmonary hypertension in Angus cattle.” 2019. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Crawford NF. Calcium signaling genes in association with altitude-induced pulmonary hypertension in Angus cattle. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199732.

Council of Science Editors:

Crawford NF. Calcium signaling genes in association with altitude-induced pulmonary hypertension in Angus cattle. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199732

10. Pauling, Rachel. Pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle: environmental influences and relationship with growth and carcass traits.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Animal Sciences, 2017, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/183848

► Right-side heart failure (RHF) resulting from hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension is most commonly observed in cattle located at high elevations, but has been observed in… (more)

▼ Right-side heart failure (RHF) resulting from hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension is most commonly observed in cattle located at high elevations, but has been observed in some feedlot cattle residing at low elevations as well. Beef cattle producers typically use pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) observations to predict an animal's susceptibility to RHF. The objective of this this study was to investigate the effect of elevation on PAP measures, and to evaluate the relationship between PAP, growth traits, and carcass traits in Angus cattle. The first study utilized PAP and elevation data obtained from the American Angus Association (AAA, n = 4,511), Colorado State University Beef Improvement Center (n = 5,433), and Dr. Timothy Holt DVM (n = 4,821). A univariate analysis of PAP as used to obtain elevation solutions to be input to a polynomial regression to determine high versus low elevation (1,620 m). Then a bi-variate analysis was performed to evaluate the genetic relationship between PAP observations obtained at high elevations as well as low elevations. Results from this study indicate that PAP observations obtained at any elevation can be considered the same trait with a genetic correlation of (0.83 ± 0.15). The second study utilized data obtained from AAA (n = 4,509) which included PAP, growth, and carcass traits. Multivariate analyses of PAP and growth traits, as well as PAP and carcass ultrasound traits were used to obtain estimates of heritability and genetic correlations. Results from these analyses indicated that there are moderate genetic correlations between PAP and maternal birth weight (0.55 ± 0.12) as well as PAP and ultrasound ribeye area (0.24 ± 0.12). These results suggested that selection for increased growth and muscling in cattle could consequently increase PAP observations. Advisors/Committee Members: Enns, R. Mark (advisor), Holt, Timothy N. (committee member), Speidel, Scott E. (committee member), Thomas, Milton G. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: elevation; heritability; pulmonary arterial pressure; genetic correlation; performance traits; Angus cattle

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pauling, R. (2017). Pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle: environmental influences and relationship with growth and carcass traits. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/183848

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pauling, Rachel. “Pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle: environmental influences and relationship with growth and carcass traits.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/183848.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pauling, Rachel. “Pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle: environmental influences and relationship with growth and carcass traits.” 2017. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Pauling R. Pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle: environmental influences and relationship with growth and carcass traits. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/183848.

Council of Science Editors:

Pauling R. Pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle: environmental influences and relationship with growth and carcass traits. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/183848

Colorado State University

11. Neary, Joseph Michael. Epidemiological, physiological and genetic risk factors associated with congestive heart failure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure in cattle.

Degree: PhD, Clinical Sciences, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83796

► Congestive heart failure, secondary to pulmonary hypertension, has historically been considered a disease associated with high altitude exposure. The disease was first reported to occur… (more)

▼ Congestive heart failure, secondary to pulmonary hypertension, has historically been considered a disease associated with high altitude exposure. The disease was first reported to occur at altitudes over 2,440 m (8,000 ft.) and so became known as "high altitude disease". One common clinical sign due to congestive heart failure in cattle is swelling of the brisket. Consequently, the disease also became known as "brisket disease". In more recent years, congestive heart failure has been reported to occur in both beef and dairy cattle at a more moderate altitude of 1,600 m. Anecdotal reports from cattle producers in Nebraska, Colorado and Texas suggest that the incidence of congestive heart failure may be increasing. This suggests that bovine congestive heart failure is not strictly a disease of high altitude exposure. Anatomical studies of cattle indicate that cattle have a smaller lung volume and alveolar surface area available for gas exchange than mammals with similar body masses and oxygen requirements. This may be because selection for increased growth rate, and other traits of high production, increases metabolic oxygen demand. The overarching hypothesis of this doctoral dissertation was that congestive heart failure secondary to pulmonary hypertension is not strictly a disease of high altitude but, a multifactorial disease, that is also associated with physiological traits that increase metabolic oxygen demand relative to oxygen supply via the cardiopulmonary system. The goal of this doctoral dissertation was to identify epidemiological, physiological and genetic risk factors associated with congestive heart failure and increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure in cattle. The results of this dissertation indicate that pulmonary arterial pressures of cattle are substantially higher than other mammalian species. Among pre-weaned calves, mean pulmonary arterial pressures increased significantly with age even at the moderate altitude of 1,470 m. As hypothesized, high oxygen demand relative to supply was positively associated with mean pulmonary arterial pressure in both pre-weaned calves at high altitude (2,170 m) and feedlot cattle at moderate altitudes (1,300 m). A study of 10 Canadian feedlots indicated that the risk of congestive heart failure increased from the year 2000 to the year 2012. The risk of congestive heart failure increased more than the underlying change in the risk of digestive disorders. Death from congestive heart failure occurred throughout the feeding period but typically occurred late in the feeding period, which makes this disease particularly costly to the feedlot industry. Treatment for respiratory disease was a significant risk factor for CHF. Increased growth rate and increased feed efficiency were risk factors for increased mean pulmonary arterial pressure in cattle. Mean pulmonary arterial pressures were significantly higher at the end of the confined feeding period at moderate altitude (1,300 m) than in pre-weaned calves at high altitude (2,170 m). Growth promotion through a… Advisors/Committee Members: Garry, Franklyn (advisor), Thomas, Milton (advisor), Orton, Christopher (committee member), Enns, Mark (committee member), Morley, Paul (committee member), Holt, Timothy (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: calves; feedlot; pressure; pulmonary hypertension; cattle; congestive heart failure

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APA (6^th Edition):

Neary, J. M. (2014). Epidemiological, physiological and genetic risk factors associated with congestive heart failure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure in cattle. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83796

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Neary, Joseph Michael. “Epidemiological, physiological and genetic risk factors associated with congestive heart failure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure in cattle.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83796.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Neary, Joseph Michael. “Epidemiological, physiological and genetic risk factors associated with congestive heart failure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure in cattle.” 2014. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Neary JM. Epidemiological, physiological and genetic risk factors associated with congestive heart failure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure in cattle. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83796.

Council of Science Editors:

Neary JM. Epidemiological, physiological and genetic risk factors associated with congestive heart failure and mean pulmonary arterial pressure in cattle. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83796

Colorado State University

12. Liebig, Bethany Ellen. Selection for fertility in lactating dairy cows: implications of conceptus-derived signals.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Biomedical Sciences, 2016, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176723

► Infertility is a source of major economic loss in the dairy industry. Selection for fertility in dairy cows is difficult because fertility traits based on… (more)

▼ Infertility is a source of major economic loss in the dairy industry. Selection for fertility in dairy cows is difficult because fertility traits based on a genetic evaluation, such as daughter pregnancy rate (DPR), are lowly heritable (h2 ≤ 0.04), influenced by on-farm events, such as services per conception (SPC), and influenced by complex mechanisms that cause embryo mortality (EM). Embryo survival depends on robust interferon tau (IFNT) production and release from the trophectoderm, induction of IFN stimulated genes (ISG) in the endometrium to block the luteolytic, pulsatile release of prostaglandin F2α (PGF), and continued progesterone production by the corpus luteum throughout maternal recognition of pregnancy. Genes negatively affecting IFNT and ISG expression may increase the occurrence of EM. We hypothesized that selection for high direct genomic value for DPR (DGV-DPR) and low on-farm SPC records would be associated with increased: 1) IFNT production by the conceptus, 2) ISG expression in endometrium and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and 3) embryo survival. Freshening dairy cows (n=86) were sorted by DGV-DPR (determined by Clarifide®, Zoetis) and SPC into high fertile (HF; -1.3 DGV-DPR; 1.4 SPC) nonpregnant (NP) or pregnant (HP), and low fertile (LF; -2.3 DGV-DPR; 3.7 SPC) pregnant (LP) groups (n = 7 each). After the voluntary wait period, cows were estrous synchronized and time-artificially inseminated to a HF bull (+1.8 DPR). NP cows were not inseminated. On day 16 following onset of estrus, embryos were flushed from the uterus and typed as viable or EM based on morphology and length. The DGV-DPR was negatively correlated (r = -0.57; P < 0.05) with SPC. Days in milk and number of lactations were not different between groups. Serum progesterone tended (P < 0.10) to be lower in the cows carrying EM embryos than NP cows. Two of 7 embryos from HP cows and 3/6 embryos from LP cows were classified as EM. Viable embryos were significantly (P < 0.05) longer than EM embryos when fertility group was not considered. Viable HP embryos tended to be longer (P < 0.10) than LP embryos. Interferon tau concentrations in uterine flushing (UF) were: 1) greater in HP compared to LP and NP cows (P < 0.05), 2) positively correlated with DPR (r = 0.68; P < 0.05) and 3) negatively correlated with SPC (r = -0.59; P < 0.05). Interferon stimulated gene 15 mRNA concentrations were significantly: 1) upregulated in endometrium from HP viable compared to LP viable and NP cattle (P < 0.05), and 2) upregulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HP compared to LP and NP cows (P < 0.05). Furthermore, ISG15 protein concentrations in endometrial tissue were significantly upregulated in HP compared to LP and NP cattle (P < 0.05). In conclusion, selection of dairy cows combining DPR and SPC may improve fertility through increased production and action of IFNT. Advisors/Committee Members: Hansen, Thomas R. (advisor), Thomas, Milton G. (committee member), Van Campen, Hana (committee member), McConnel, Craig S. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: conceptus; fertility; pregnancy; dairy; bovine; interferon tau

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liebig, B. E. (2016). Selection for fertility in lactating dairy cows: implications of conceptus-derived signals. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176723

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liebig, Bethany Ellen. “Selection for fertility in lactating dairy cows: implications of conceptus-derived signals.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176723.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liebig, Bethany Ellen. “Selection for fertility in lactating dairy cows: implications of conceptus-derived signals.” 2016. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Liebig BE. Selection for fertility in lactating dairy cows: implications of conceptus-derived signals. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176723.

Council of Science Editors:

Liebig BE. Selection for fertility in lactating dairy cows: implications of conceptus-derived signals. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176723

Colorado State University

13. Jennings, Kaysie Jean. Characterization of pulmonary hypertension status and utilization of multi-omics analyses to discover variants that may inform selection against high mean pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle.

Degree: PhD, Animal Sciences, 2020, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/219635

► This multi-part research characterizes pulmonary hypertension (PH) from a physiologic and genetic point of view using the indicator trait mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). Three… (more)

▼ This multi-part research characterizes pulmonary hypertension (PH) from a physiologic and genetic point of view using the indicator trait mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). Three aims were designed to address the research objective of investigating the genetics underlying PAP for the purposes of variant discovery. The first aim sought to identify different PAP phenotypes based on altitude and diet during the stocker and finishing phases of production. This longitudinal study evaluated steers with a moderate PAP (41-48 mmHg) from yearling age until harvest, collecting PAP and blood gas parameters throughout the study and carcass data at the conclusion. Through this experimental approach, the role of different finishing systems was able to be evaluated and cattle with increased sensitivity to hypoxic conditions were identified. Results from this study indicated that regardless of finishing system, animals exhibited signs of respiratory alkalosis with renal compensation because of hypoxic conditions. The PAP data from this population corroborated that all steers were hypoxic. However, the only carcass quality differences observed were those between cattle that were grain finished compared to those that were grass finished, regardless of altitude. Aim two was to perform next-generation whole genome sequencing for 30 Angus bulls and steers to compare those with high PAP (HPAP) to those with low PAP (LPAP) measures. All cattle sequenced originated from elevations ≥1,500m and were selected based on their pedigree information, as well as PAP observations. The sequence data from these 30 animals were then compared such that sequence from HPAP cattle was compared to that of LPAP cattle. There were 5,543 variants unique to HPAP cattle and 1,690 variants unique to LPAP cattle. Loci across all 30 chromosomes exhibited variation for PAP phenotype. Evaluation of these variants and validation will be necessary to sift through variants that are in linkage or may be less informative. A multi-omics approach was used to perform variant discovery based on the PAP phenotype in aim three. Through combination of RNA sequence with DNA sequence, the list of variants relevant to PAP phenotype was filtered from millions of variants to hundreds of variants. Transcriptome data was compared for each of six tissues between HPAP and LPAP cattle. These variants were then compared to one another to determine which variants were detected in each PAP category across all six tissue types. Those variants were then compared to the DNA sequence from aim two to elucidate concordant variants for HPAP and LPAP cattle respectively. There were three variants that were unique to LPAP cattle and were concordant between DNA and RNA sequence. However, none of these variants were within 1,000bp of a gene recognized in the ARS-UCD1.2 bovine genome assembly and were therefore considered less informative. There were 523 variants unique to HPAP cattle. Within that population there was a subset that was either near or within a gene. There were six genes that were… Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Milton G. (advisor), Coleman, Stephen J. (advisor), Enns, R. Mark (committee member), Speidel, Scott E. (committee member), Holt, Timothy N. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: High Mountain Disease; Pulmonary hypertension; Whole genome sequencing; Mean pulmonary arterial pressure; Cattle; Variant discovery

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jennings, K. J. (2020). Characterization of pulmonary hypertension status and utilization of multi-omics analyses to discover variants that may inform selection against high mean pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/219635

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jennings, Kaysie Jean. “Characterization of pulmonary hypertension status and utilization of multi-omics analyses to discover variants that may inform selection against high mean pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/219635.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jennings, Kaysie Jean. “Characterization of pulmonary hypertension status and utilization of multi-omics analyses to discover variants that may inform selection against high mean pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle.” 2020. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Jennings KJ. Characterization of pulmonary hypertension status and utilization of multi-omics analyses to discover variants that may inform selection against high mean pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/219635.

Council of Science Editors:

Jennings KJ. Characterization of pulmonary hypertension status and utilization of multi-omics analyses to discover variants that may inform selection against high mean pulmonary arterial pressure in Angus cattle. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/219635

Colorado State University

14. Saad, Hamad M. A. Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle.

Degree: PhD, Animal Sciences, 2015, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170399

To view the abstract, please see the full text of the document. Advisors/Committee Members: Enns, Mark (advisor), Thomas, Milton (advisor), Peel, Kraig (committee member), Frasier, Marshall (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: American Simmental beef cattle; birth weight; calving ease; model comparison; selection; threshold model

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Saad, H. M. A. (2015). Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170399

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Saad, Hamad M A. “Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170399.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Saad, Hamad M A. “Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle.” 2015. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Saad HMA. Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170399.

Council of Science Editors:

Saad HMA. Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170399

Colorado State University

15. Zeng, Xi. Angus cattle at high altitude: pulmonary arterial pressure, estimated breeding value and genome-wide association study.

Degree: PhD, Animal Sciences, 2016, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178953

To view the abstract, please see the full text of the document. Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Milton G. (advisor), Enns, R. Mark (advisor), Speidel, Scott E. (committee member), Holt, Timothy N. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: genetic evaluation; high altitude; pulmonary arterial pressure; genome-wide association study; Angus cattle

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zeng, X. (2016). Angus cattle at high altitude: pulmonary arterial pressure, estimated breeding value and genome-wide association study. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178953

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zeng, Xi. “Angus cattle at high altitude: pulmonary arterial pressure, estimated breeding value and genome-wide association study.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178953.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zeng, Xi. “Angus cattle at high altitude: pulmonary arterial pressure, estimated breeding value and genome-wide association study.” 2016. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Zeng X. Angus cattle at high altitude: pulmonary arterial pressure, estimated breeding value and genome-wide association study. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178953.

Council of Science Editors:

Zeng X. Angus cattle at high altitude: pulmonary arterial pressure, estimated breeding value and genome-wide association study. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178953

16. Klohonatz, Kristin. Evaluating the equine endometrial transcriptome during maternal recognition of pregnancy.

Degree: PhD, Animal Sciences, 2018, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/193216

To view the abstract, please see the full text of the document. Advisors/Committee Members: Bruemmer, Jason (advisor), Coleman, Stephen (committee member), Bouma, Gerrit (committee member), Hess, Ann (committee member), Thomas, Milton (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: equine; reproduction; maternal recognition of pregnancy; endometrium

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APA (6^th Edition):

Klohonatz, K. (2018). Evaluating the equine endometrial transcriptome during maternal recognition of pregnancy. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/193216

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Klohonatz, Kristin. “Evaluating the equine endometrial transcriptome during maternal recognition of pregnancy.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/193216.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Klohonatz, Kristin. “Evaluating the equine endometrial transcriptome during maternal recognition of pregnancy.” 2018. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Klohonatz K. Evaluating the equine endometrial transcriptome during maternal recognition of pregnancy. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/193216.

Council of Science Editors:

Klohonatz K. Evaluating the equine endometrial transcriptome during maternal recognition of pregnancy. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/193216

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