+publisher:"Colorado State University" +contributor:("Myrick, Christopher A.")

Colorado State University

1. Budde, Ashley Marie. Effect of zinc source and dose and chromium supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Animal Sciences, 2018, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/189308

► Four-hundred cross-bred steers were utilized in a randomized complete block design to investigate the effect of supplemental Zn source and concentration and Cr supplementation on… (more)

▼ Four-hundred cross-bred steers were utilized in a randomized complete block design to investigate the effect of supplemental Zn source and concentration and Cr supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers fed a steam-flaked corn-based finishing diet. Steers were blocked by initial BW with in cattle source and randomly assigned within block to 1 of 5 treatments (10 steers/pen; n = 8 pens per treatment). Prior to the initiation of the experiment, trace mineral supplement sources were analyzed for Zn and Cr. Zinc and Cr concentrations of the Zn sources were used to balance all dietary treatments to obtain correct Zn and Cr experimental doses. Treatments consisted of: 1) 90 mg Zn/kg DM from ZnSO4 and 0.25 mg Cr/kg DM from Cr propionate (90ZS+Cr); 2) 30 mg Zn/kg DM from Zn hydroxychloride and 0.25 mg Cr/kg DM from Cr propionate (30ZH+Cr); 3) 90 mg Zn/kg DM from Zn hydroxychloride and 0.25 mg Cr/kg DM from Cr propionate (90ZH+Cr); 4) 60 mg Zn/kg DM from ZnSO4 and 30 mg Zn/kg DM from Zn methionine (90ZSM); and 5) 90 mg Zn/kg DM from Zn hydroxychloride (90ZH). Steers were individually weighed on d-2 and on two consecutive days at the end of the experiment. Initial liver biopsies were obtained from all steers during processing. Equal numbers of pen replicates per treatment were transported to a commercial abattoir on d 162, 176, and 211 and slaughtered; individual carcass data and final liver samples were collected. Total finishing dietary Zn and Cr concentrations were 118.4, 58.2, 114.2, 123.0, and 108.2 mg Zn/kg DM and 0.711,0. 647, 0.731, 0.767 and 0.521 mg Cr/kg DM, for treatments 1 to 5, respectively. There were no treatment main effects for any response variables measured. However, treatment was a significant source of variation for certain response variables when single degree of contrasts (unprotected F-test) were performed. Steers receiving 90ZH+Cr had greater final BW (P ≤ 0.04) and ADG (P ≤ 0.03) when compared to steers receiving 90ZH. Additionally, hot carcass weight was 8.5 kg greater (P ≤ 0.03) for 90ZH+Cr compared to 90ZH supplemented steers. Steers receiving 90ZH+Cr had greater longissimus muscle area when compared to steers receiving 90ZSM. Dry matter intake, G:F, final liver Zn concentrations, and all other carcass parameters (dressing percentage, marbling score, yield grade, subcutaneous adipose tissue depth, and KPH) were similar across treatments. These data indicate, that under the conditions of this experiment, Zn source and concentration had no impact on live performance, liver mineral Zn concentrations, and carcass characteristics. Supplemental Cr in diets containing 90 mg of supplemental Zn/kg DM may improve final BW, ADG, and hot carcass weights. Advisors/Committee Members: Engle, Terry E. (advisor), Wagner, John J. (advisor), Myrick, Christopher A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: chromium; beef cattle; zinc

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APA (6^th Edition):

Budde, A. M. (2018). Effect of zinc source and dose and chromium supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/189308

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Budde, Ashley Marie. “Effect of zinc source and dose and chromium supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/189308.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Budde, Ashley Marie. “Effect of zinc source and dose and chromium supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle.” 2018. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Budde AM. Effect of zinc source and dose and chromium supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/189308.

Council of Science Editors:

Budde AM. Effect of zinc source and dose and chromium supplementation on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/189308

Colorado State University

2. Fox, Brian. Eco-hydraulic evaluation of whitewater parks as fish passage barriers.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2013, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80239

► Whitewater parks (WWPs) have become a popular recreational amenity in cities across the United States with Colorado being the epicenter of WWP design and construction.… (more)

▼ Whitewater parks (WWPs) have become a popular recreational amenity in cities across the United States with Colorado being the epicenter of WWP design and construction. Whitewater parks consist of one or more in-stream structures that create a hydraulic wave for recreational purposes. A wave is typically created by constricting flow into a steep chute creating a hydraulic jump as it flows into a large downstream pool. Concerns have been raised that high velocities, resulting from the constricted flow at these structures, may be inhibiting movement of certain fish species at different times of year. I completed a field evaluation of the effects of WWPs on upstream fish passage by concurrently monitoring fish movement and hydraulic conditions at three WWP structures and three adjacent natural control (CR) pools. Fish movement was evaluated using a network of Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) antennas installed at the study sites for a period of 14 months. 1,639 individual fishes including brown trout (Salmo trutta), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), longnose sucker (Catostomus catostomus), and longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae) were tagged and released within the WWP and CR study sites. Detailed hydraulic conditions occurring during the study period were evaluated by developing a fully three-dimensional hydraulic model using FLOW-3D®. Results show that this WWP is not a complete barrier to upstream movement, but differences in passage efficiency from release location range from 29 to 44% in WWP sites and 37 to 63% for control sites indicating a suppression of movement within WWPs. Further, this suppression of movement appears to be related to fish body length. Results from the hydraulic models indicate that these are not likely burst swimming barriers to salmonids despite flow velocities greater than 10 ft/s within each of the WWP structures. Hydraulic model results provided insight in identifying other possible causes of the suppressed movement and guidance for future research efforts. Advisors/Committee Members: Bledsoe, Brian P. (advisor), Myrick, Christopher A. (committee member), Venayagamoorthy, Subhas Karen (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: hydraulic model; whitewater park; PIT; kayak park; fish passage; FLOW-3D

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fox, B. (2013). Eco-hydraulic evaluation of whitewater parks as fish passage barriers. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80239

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fox, Brian. “Eco-hydraulic evaluation of whitewater parks as fish passage barriers.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80239.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fox, Brian. “Eco-hydraulic evaluation of whitewater parks as fish passage barriers.” 2013. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Fox B. Eco-hydraulic evaluation of whitewater parks as fish passage barriers. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80239.

Council of Science Editors:

Fox B. Eco-hydraulic evaluation of whitewater parks as fish passage barriers. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80239

Colorado State University

3. Manana, Nkosinathi David. Decision support systems for managing efficient irrigation water deliveries - a case study of irrigated agriculture in the Middle Rio Grande.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2011, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47295

► Irrigation has been practiced for centuries in the Middle Rio Grande (MRG) Valley of New Mexico. Many of the practices governing irrigation in earlier times,… (more)

▼ Irrigation has been practiced for centuries in the Middle Rio Grande (MRG) Valley of New Mexico. Many of the practices governing irrigation in earlier times, both by Native Americans and by Spanish settlers, are continued into the present day. In recent years, considerable pressure has fallen on the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District (MRGCD) to decrease its water diversions from the Rio Grande and to allow more water to remain in the river for ecological uses. This pressure has stemmed from increasing and competing water demands and interest in the preservation of natural habitat associated with the river, especially the endangered Rio Grande silvery minnow (Hybognathus amarus). The MRGCD has opted to modernize its physical infrastructure and improve water delivery practices to more efficiently utilize diversions from the Rio Grande, and meet farm demands with reduced river diversions. To reach this goal while still providing farmers with adequate supplies, the MRGCD has employed scheduled water delivery. Scheduled water delivery introduces significant management challenges that can be addressed using Decision Support iii Systems (DSS). The MRGCD DSS was successfully implemented in the Peralta Main service area during the year 2009. This thesis presents a hypothetical evaluation of the implementation of the Decision Support System (DSS) as a guiding tool for farmers to improve irrigation water scheduling management in the Albuquerque Division of the MRGCD. Specifically, this research evaluates the question of whether the use of the DSS for scheduling irrigation water deliveries would result in reduced river water diversion, efficiently improve irrigation water scheduling management, and identify required infrastructure improvements while still meeting all crop water requirements. The study verified the hypothesis that a DSS can proficiently and justifiably be utilized to manage scheduled water delivery operations in the Albuquerque Division of the MRGCD. A DSS combined with infrastructure improvement and SCADA inclusion can significantly reduce river diversion while still serving water users demands. Overall, the DSS can provide the MRGCD with a powerful tool that can be used to efficiently schedule water delivery, determine appropriate water use, improve reservoir operations and sustain irrigated agriculture in the face of future water management challenges. Advisors/Committee Members: Oad, Ramchand Naraindas (advisor), Grigg, Neil S. (committee member), Myrick, Christopher A. (committee member).

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APA (6^th Edition):

Manana, N. D. (2011). Decision support systems for managing efficient irrigation water deliveries - a case study of irrigated agriculture in the Middle Rio Grande. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47295

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Manana, Nkosinathi David. “Decision support systems for managing efficient irrigation water deliveries - a case study of irrigated agriculture in the Middle Rio Grande.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47295.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Manana, Nkosinathi David. “Decision support systems for managing efficient irrigation water deliveries - a case study of irrigated agriculture in the Middle Rio Grande.” 2011. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Manana ND. Decision support systems for managing efficient irrigation water deliveries - a case study of irrigated agriculture in the Middle Rio Grande. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47295.

Council of Science Editors:

Manana ND. Decision support systems for managing efficient irrigation water deliveries - a case study of irrigated agriculture in the Middle Rio Grande. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47295

Colorado State University

4. Stephens, Timothy A. Effects of whitewater parks on fish passage: a spatially explicit hydraulic analysis.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88604

► Whitewater parks (WWPs) provide a valuable recreational and economic resource that is rapidly growing in popularity throughout the United States. WWPs were originally thought to… (more)

▼ Whitewater parks (WWPs) provide a valuable recreational and economic resource that is rapidly growing in popularity throughout the United States. WWPs were originally thought to enhance aquatic habitat; however, recent studies have shown that the hydraulic conditions required to meet recreational needs can act as a partial barrier to upstream migrating trout and that WWP pools may contain lower densities of fish compared to natural pools. There is limited knowledge of the direct effects of WWPs on fish passage. Managers and policy makers are forced to review WWP designs and make permit decisions without sound scientific evidence. It is also difficult to make design recommendations for future WWPs and possibly retrofitting existing WWPs to allow for successful fish passage without improved understanding of the factors contributing to suppression of movement in WWPs. We describe novel approaches combining fish movement data and hydraulic results from a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model to examine the physical processes that limit upstream movement of trout in an actual WWP in Lyons, Colorado. These methods provide a continuous and spatially explicit description of velocity, depth, vorticity, and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) along potential fish swimming paths in the flow field. Variation in the magnitude and distribution of velocity and depth relative to fish swimming ability is reflective of variation in passage success among WWP structures and size classes of fish. Logistic regression analyses indicate a significant influence of velocity and depth on limiting passage success and accurately predict > 86 percent observed fish movements. Relationships emerge at individual WWP structures that highlight unique hydraulic characteristics and their effect on passage success. The methods described in this study provide a powerful approach to quantify hydraulic conditions at a scale meaningful to a fish and mechanistically evaluate the effects of hydraulic structures on fish passage. The results of these analyses can be used for management and design guidance, have implications for fishes with lesser swimming abilities, and demonstrate the need to assess additional WWPs of various sizes. Advisors/Committee Members: Bledsoe, Brian P. (advisor), Myrick, Christopher A. (committee member), Nelson, Peter A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Whitewater Park; barrier; eco-engineering; fish passage; flow complexity; hydraulic modeling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stephens, T. A. (2014). Effects of whitewater parks on fish passage: a spatially explicit hydraulic analysis. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88604

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stephens, Timothy A. “Effects of whitewater parks on fish passage: a spatially explicit hydraulic analysis.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88604.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stephens, Timothy A. “Effects of whitewater parks on fish passage: a spatially explicit hydraulic analysis.” 2014. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Stephens TA. Effects of whitewater parks on fish passage: a spatially explicit hydraulic analysis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88604.

Council of Science Editors:

Stephens TA. Effects of whitewater parks on fish passage: a spatially explicit hydraulic analysis. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88604

Colorado State University

5. Cammack, Daniel L. Thermal impacts on the early life history of Sauger (Sander canadensis).

Degree: MS(M.S.), Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195295

► Sauger (Sander canadensis), a large North American member of the family Percidae, often exhibit sporadic recruitment governed by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors.… (more)

▼ Sauger (Sander canadensis), a large North American member of the family Percidae, often exhibit sporadic recruitment governed by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors. This episodic reproductive success is emblematic in Percids, as it has been documented across a wide geographic area for multiple Percid species. Temperature, the most influential abiotic variable, directly affects Percid recruitment, physiology, and distribution, while simultaneously modifying many other factors that govern population dynamics such as food abundance. The Wind and Bighorn River drainages of Wyoming, among the highest elevation tributaries of the Missouri River basin, remain a stronghold for two native Sauger populations. These populations are among the slowest growing and longest lived in the entire native range and provide an important recreational angling resource. While recent population trends have been positive (2011-2016), conditions in the past decade have resulted in poor recruitment, with only older age classes present in the annual Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD) surveys of the Wind River population (2002-2011). Agency concern over poor recruitment resulted in the initiation of artificial spawning operations in both drainages, with the aim of bolstering these populations. Sauger hatch percentages from these spawning efforts were highly variable, and generally low across all years (0-75%). One hypothesis advanced to explain the observed variable egg survival was that river temperatures leading up to and during the spawn were outside of optimal ranges. Our research explored how temperature affects multiple stages in reproduction including adults, embryos, and prolarvae. Specifically, we tested the effect of temperatures in the range of 10-24°C on the survival and rates of development of Sauger embryos and prolarvae (phase I and II). In the incubation experiment, hatch rates were low for all treatments (<22%). Sauger embryos displayed appreciable thermal plasticity and no differences in hatch percentage were detected in the range of 12.2-18.9°C. Statistically lower hatch rates were detected for our 10°C and diel fluctuating (17-22°C) treatments compared to all others. Hatch timing and duration was inversely related with temperature. We developed a regression model to estimate temperature units (TU's) necessary to reach hatching and duration of hatch (days) based on average temperature. Our results indicate that optimal incubation temperature for Sauger is near 14.5°C. Sauger prolarvae survived at high rates (>90%) to the onset of exogenous feeding in all treatments ≥ 18°C, although pronounced mortality associated with the time that yolk was completely absorbed, suggested that starvation occurred, despite offering brine shrimp (Artemia nauplii) daily. Prolarvae in the 12 and 15°C treatments survived at a statistically lower rate to the onset of exogenous feeding and fed poorly after. We suggest that optimal temperature for prolarvae survival is in the range of 18-24°C with the caveat that rapid mortality can result… Advisors/Committee Members: Myrick, Christopher A. (advisor), Johnson, Brett M. (committee member), Ghalambor, Cameron K. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: reproduction; temperature; Sauger

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cammack, D. L. (2019). Thermal impacts on the early life history of Sauger (Sander canadensis). (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195295

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cammack, Daniel L. “Thermal impacts on the early life history of Sauger (Sander canadensis).” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195295.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cammack, Daniel L. “Thermal impacts on the early life history of Sauger (Sander canadensis).” 2019. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Cammack DL. Thermal impacts on the early life history of Sauger (Sander canadensis). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195295.

Council of Science Editors:

Cammack DL. Thermal impacts on the early life history of Sauger (Sander canadensis). [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195295

Colorado State University

6. Swarr, Tyler R. Improving rock ramp fishways for small-bodied Great Plains fishes.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, 2018, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/191487

► The growing global need to improve the longitudinal connectivity of lotic systems is often met by using fish passage structures (fishways). When designing fishways in… (more)

▼ The growing global need to improve the longitudinal connectivity of lotic systems is often met by using fish passage structures (fishways). When designing fishways in the past, biologists and engineers focused primarily on strong swimming species such as salmonids. However, the majority of riverine species in the interior United States are not salmonids and may be excluded by fishways built using salmonid criteria due to lower swimming abilities and/or behavioral differences. I designed and built a 9.1-m long adjustable hydraulic research flume at the Colorado State University Foothills Fisheries Laboratory (FFL) to test fish passage and evaluate the effects of grade (slopes of 2 – 10%, in 2% increments) on the passage success of three Great Plains fish species: Flathead Chub Platygobio gracilis, Stonecat Noturus flavus, and Arkansas Darter Etheostoma cragini. A 6.1-m long rock ramp fishway was installed in the flume and four PIT tag antennas were used to detect full or partial passage success. In order to test the key assumption that tagging does not affect fish performance, I evaluated the impacts of 8-mm PIT tags on Arkansas Darter and found no significant difference in the survival and swimming abilities of PIT tagged fish versus non-tagged fish. A review of the literature on small-bodied fish PIT tagging suggests that suturing incisions of surgically implanted PIT tags of small-bodied fishes should be avoided to reduce mortality. Prior studies had already demonstrated that Stonecats and Flathead Chub could be tagged without incurring performance losses. I used the Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) model in Program MARK to determine the probability of full and partial passage success over the fishway based on the PIT tag detection history of each fish at each antenna. Passage success to upstream antennas was highest at shorter distances and at lower slopes for all species. Probability of passage success was highest for Flathead Chub, followed by Stonecat, and then Arkansas Darter. The probabilities of Flathead Chub successfully ascending a 6.1-m rock ramp fishway at slopes of 2, 4, and 6% were 1.0. Probability of Flathead Chub passage success was very high (0.96) for a 4.06-m, 8% slope fishway. Flathead Chub were unable to ascend 4.06-m of a 10% slope fishway. Stonecats had a passage probability of 1.0 for a 6.1-m fishway at 2 and 4% slope, and a passage probability of 0.83 for a 4.06-m, 6% slope fishway. No passage was predicted for 10% slope fishways greater than 4.06-m and 8% fishways greater than 6.1-m. Arkansas Darters never achieved a probability of 1.0 for ascending a 6.1-m fishway. However, their probability of partial passage success was moderate for a 2.03-m, 4% slope fishway with a probability of 0.43, and for a 4.06-m, 2% slope fishway with a probability of 0.54. Passage probabilities for Arkansas Darters were 0.00 for 10% slope 4.06-m, 8% slope 4.06-m, and 6% slope 6.10-m fishways. Based on the results of this study, it is clear that fishway designs should consider the passage requirements of the species… Advisors/Committee Members: Myrick, Christopher A. (advisor), Bestgen, Kevin R. (committee member), Bledsoe, Brian P. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: cyprinid; fish passage; darter; catfish; fishway; Great Plains

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APA (6^th Edition):

Swarr, T. R. (2018). Improving rock ramp fishways for small-bodied Great Plains fishes. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/191487

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Swarr, Tyler R. “Improving rock ramp fishways for small-bodied Great Plains fishes.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/191487.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Swarr, Tyler R. “Improving rock ramp fishways for small-bodied Great Plains fishes.” 2018. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Swarr TR. Improving rock ramp fishways for small-bodied Great Plains fishes. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/191487.

Council of Science Editors:

Swarr TR. Improving rock ramp fishways for small-bodied Great Plains fishes. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/191487

Colorado State University

7. Dornan, Grant J. Habitat estimation through synthesis of species presence/absence information and environmental covariate data.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Statistics, 2011, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/70684

► This paper investigates the statistical model developed by Foster, et al. (2011) to estimate marine habitat maps based on environmental covariate data and species presence/absence… (more)

▼ This paper investigates the statistical model developed by Foster, et al. (2011) to estimate marine habitat maps based on environmental covariate data and species presence/absence information while treating habitat definition probabilistically. The model assumes that two sites belonging to the same habitat have approximately the same species presence probabilities, and thus both environmental data and species presence observations can help to distinguish habitats at locations across a study region. I develop a computational method to estimate the model parameters by maximum likelihood using a blocked non-linear Gauss-Seidel algorithm. The main part of my work is developing and conducting simulation studies to evaluate estimation performance and to study related questions including the impacts of sample size, model bias and model misspecification. Seven testing scenarios are developed including between 3 and 9 habitats, 15 and 40 species, and 150 and 400 sampling sites. Estimation performance is primarily evaluated through fitted habitat maps and is shown to be excellent for the seven example scenarios examined. Rates of successful habitat classification ranged from 0.92 to 0.98. I show that there is a roughly balanced tradeoff between increasing the number of sites and increasing the number of species for improving estimation performance. Standard model selection techniques are shown to work for selection of covariates, but selection of the number of habitats benefits from supplementing quantitative techniques with qualitative expert judgement. Although estimation of habitat boundaries is extremely good, the rate of probabilistic transition between habitats is shown to be difficult to estimate accurately. Future research should address this issue. An appendix to this thesis includes a comprehensive and annotated collection of R code developed during this project. Advisors/Committee Members: Givens, Geof H. (advisor), Hoeting, Jennifer A. (committee member), Chapman, Phillip L. (committee member), Myrick, Christopher A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: absence; estimation; Gauss-Seidel algorithm; habitat; presence; species

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dornan, G. J. (2011). Habitat estimation through synthesis of species presence/absence information and environmental covariate data. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/70684

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dornan, Grant J. “Habitat estimation through synthesis of species presence/absence information and environmental covariate data.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/70684.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dornan, Grant J. “Habitat estimation through synthesis of species presence/absence information and environmental covariate data.” 2011. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Dornan GJ. Habitat estimation through synthesis of species presence/absence information and environmental covariate data. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/70684.

Council of Science Editors:

Dornan GJ. Habitat estimation through synthesis of species presence/absence information and environmental covariate data. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/70684

Colorado State University

8. Hoyer, Scott. Can copper-based substrates be used to protect hatcheries from invasion by the New Zealand mudsnail?.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, 2011, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47317

► Aquaculture facilities throughout North America are at risk of invasion by the New Zealand mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum). Mudsnails can enter facilities in several ways including… (more)

▼ Aquaculture facilities throughout North America are at risk of invasion by the New Zealand mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum). Mudsnails can enter facilities in several ways including by crawling through effluent pipes. There is evidence to suggest that lining the insides of these pipes with copper-based substrates to create a contact deterrent could reduce the risk of mudsnail invasion. However, before copper-based deterrents can be recommended for wide-scale use, it is important that we understand how these materials perform across the range of physicochemical conditions common to hatcheries. The goal of this project was to evaluate the relative ability of four types of copper-based materials (copper sheet; SC (0.323 mm, 99.9% pure), copper mesh; MC (6.3 opening/cm, 99% pure), copper-based ablative anti-fouling paint; AP (Vivid Anti-fouling Paint, 25% cuprous thiocyanate as the active ingredient), and copper-based non-ablative anti-fouling paint; NP (Sealife 1000, 39% cuprous oxide as the active ingredient)) to serve as effective mudsnail contact deterrents across a range of water temperatures (8, 12, 18, and 24° C), hardness (75, 125, 175, and 300 mg/L as CaCO3), pH (6, 7, and 8.5), fouling (0, 6, and 10 weeks of exposure), and water velocities (0, 9, and 33 cm/s). Each of these factors was evaluated in a sequential set of separate experiments conducted at the Colorado State University Foothills Fisheries Laboratory during 2009-10. Mean crawling distance (MCD) of the mudsnails in the temperature, hardness, and pH experiments was significantly lower on the SC and MC surface treatment compared to the NP treatment (p < 0.05). Additionally, maximum observed crawling distance (CDmax) was also consistently lower on the SC (1139 mm), MC (672 mm), and AP (1509 mm) treatments versus the NP (1969 mm) treatment. The NP treatment was the only surface where MCD was significantly affected by all three physicochemical parameters (p > 0.05). In the fouling experiment, MCD increased significantly on the AP surface treatment after exposure to fouling from 353 ± 83 mm (mean ± SE) at week 0 to 1207 ± 196 at week 6; no significant increase in this parameter was found on either solid copper surface. Finally, in the water velocity experiment, overall MCD on the copper surfaces was significantly lower in the 0 cm/s velocity treatment (30 ± 6.3 mm) compared to either 9 cm/s (302 ± 47.4 mm) or 33 cm/s (278 ± 50.2 mm). Under flowing water conditions, MC was the most effective treatment for limiting the MCD and CDmax of the mudsnails. Finally, there was no evidence to suggest that at the levels tested, velocity alone could serve as a deterrent to mudsnails. Overall, MC and SC were the most effective surfaces in terms of limiting the locomotor activity of the mudsnail. We recommend that barriers constructed of either of these materials be a minimum of 250 cm to provide a satisfactory level of protection against mudsnail invasion. Additional considerations including design and integration with other types of barriers are discussed. Advisors/Committee Members: Myrick, Christopher A. (advisor), Clements, William H. (William Henry), 1954- (committee member), Kondratieff, B. C. (Boris C.) (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: copper; hatchery; Potamopyrgus antipodarum; New Zealand mudsnail

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hoyer, S. (2011). Can copper-based substrates be used to protect hatcheries from invasion by the New Zealand mudsnail?. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47317

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hoyer, Scott. “Can copper-based substrates be used to protect hatcheries from invasion by the New Zealand mudsnail?.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47317.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hoyer, Scott. “Can copper-based substrates be used to protect hatcheries from invasion by the New Zealand mudsnail?.” 2011. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hoyer S. Can copper-based substrates be used to protect hatcheries from invasion by the New Zealand mudsnail?. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47317.

Council of Science Editors:

Hoyer S. Can copper-based substrates be used to protect hatcheries from invasion by the New Zealand mudsnail?. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47317

Colorado State University

9. Cadmus, Peter. Effects of dietary and aqueous zinc on subcellular accumulation and feeding rates of mayflies.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, 2011, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47255

► Although laboratory toxicity tests have shown that mayflies (Ephemeroptera) are highly tolerant to aqueous Zn exposure, field biomonitoring studies have shown marked decreases in mayfly… (more)

▼ Although laboratory toxicity tests have shown that mayflies (Ephemeroptera) are highly tolerant to aqueous Zn exposure, field biomonitoring studies have shown marked decreases in mayfly abundance at relatively low concentrations of metals. Laboratory testing methodologies used for developing water quality standards rely solely on aqueous exposure and often focus on lethal endpoints. In reality, organisms in the field experience chronic exposures to metals through both aqueous and dietary pathways. To investigate the relative importance of dietary metals exposure, I conducted laboratory toxicity tests where the mayflies Epeorus albertae and Ameletus sp. were exposed to aqueous (0, 800, 1600 µg/l) and dietary (722 µg/g vs.104 µg/g) concentrations of zinc. Additional aqueous-only trials (0, 800,1600, 3200, 6400 and 12800 µg/l ) were ran simultaneously. Subcellular partitioning methods were employed to detect differences in how mayflies compartmentalized dietary and aqueous Zn exposure. Results were compared to zinc partitioning in organisms collected across a gradient of Zn-contaminated sites in the upper Arkansas River near Leadville, Colorado. Diet was found to significantly influence both total accumulation of Zn and distribution in subcellular fractions in both mayfly genera. Organisms receiving both dietary and aqueous exposure accumulated significantly more Zn than did organisms exposed to only aqueous Zn. Diet also significantly affected feeding behavior and molting frequency. Ameletus fed significantly less on algae with high levels of Zn than algae with low levels of Zn. These findings suggest that traditional laboratory toxicity tests used in establishing water quality criteria significantly under-represent the potential for accumulation of metals and sublethal effects in the field. Tissue concentrations of Zn in Ameletus and Epeorus after 10 day laboratory exposures were well below those in organisms collected from the Arkansas River, despite lower aqueous concentrations in the field. Addition of dietary exposure improved the realism of our laboratory toxicity tests; however, this alone will not make laboratory tests as sensitive as field studies. These differences in metal uptake between laboratory and field studies suggest that field biocriteria, such as population densities of sensitive mayflies, may be more sensitive and ecologically relevant indicators of stress and recovery in mine-impacted rivers. Advisors/Committee Members: Clements, William H. (William Henry), 1954- (advisor), Vieira, Nicole K. M. (committee member), Kondratieff, B. C. (Boris C.) (committee member), Myrick, Christopher A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: algae periphyton; aquatic insects; dietary exposure; feeding rates; subcellular fractionation; subcellular zinc accumulation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cadmus, P. (2011). Effects of dietary and aqueous zinc on subcellular accumulation and feeding rates of mayflies. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47255

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cadmus, Peter. “Effects of dietary and aqueous zinc on subcellular accumulation and feeding rates of mayflies.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47255.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cadmus, Peter. “Effects of dietary and aqueous zinc on subcellular accumulation and feeding rates of mayflies.” 2011. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Cadmus P. Effects of dietary and aqueous zinc on subcellular accumulation and feeding rates of mayflies. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47255.

Council of Science Editors:

Cadmus P. Effects of dietary and aqueous zinc on subcellular accumulation and feeding rates of mayflies. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/47255

Colorado State University

10. Orahood, Darcy Sonya. Evaluation of an adjuvanted hapten-protein vaccine approach to preventing sexual maturation of farmed Atlantic salmon.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Clinical Sciences, 2013, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/81048

► Aquaculture is a rapidly growing industry that significantly contributes to the world food supply. Sustainable practices in aquaculture are of increasing importance as an increasing… (more)

▼ Aquaculture is a rapidly growing industry that significantly contributes to the world food supply. Sustainable practices in aquaculture are of increasing importance as an increasing proportion of fish in the global market come from aquaculture instead of wild catch. Maximizing aquaculture yields and minimizing the ecological impacts of these operations are two important goals towards sustainability. One approach to addressing these objectives is immunocontraception of fish which would increase the fish meat quality and yield in aquaculture production and prevent escaped farmed fish from undesirably altering wild fish population genetics through breeding. The research presented here was conducted with the aim of proof of concept for contraceptive vaccine use in Atlantic salmon. Nine vaccine formulations, including a negative control vaccine, were formulated at the National Wildlife Research Center in Fort Collins, Colorado and injected into farmed Atlantic salmon in Sunndalsøra, Norway. Production of antibodies against three immunogenic components in each vaccine formulation was evaluated over the course of the 12-week study. Weight and length of each fish were also tracked over time to determine whether growth was affected by vaccination. The study results indicate that Atlantic salmon will produce antibodies against BSA and KLH used as carrier proteins but that KLH is a stronger immunogen. Importantly, it was also determined that Atlantic salmon will produce antibodies against a small endogenous peptide (hapten) conjugated to the carrier protein, but to a lesser extent than the levels of antibody production against the carrier itself. Approximately 96% of samples from fish vaccinated against KLH, 76% of samples from fish vaccinated against BSA, and 36% of samples from fish vaccinated against the hapten were identified as positive. Response rates for all three antigens were highest 12 weeks post-vaccination. Significant differences in antibody levels were also detected between groups vaccinated with different immunostimulants. Collectively, the results provide proof of concept and provide a building block for further research on immunocontraception of Atlantic salmon for application in aquaculture. Advisors/Committee Members: Salman, M. D. (advisor), Eckery, Douglas C. (committee member), Miller, Lowell A. (committee member), Myrick, Christopher A. (committee member), Rhyan, Jack C. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: vaccine; reproduction; immunocontraception; Atlantic salmon

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APA (6^th Edition):

Orahood, D. S. (2013). Evaluation of an adjuvanted hapten-protein vaccine approach to preventing sexual maturation of farmed Atlantic salmon. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/81048

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Orahood, Darcy Sonya. “Evaluation of an adjuvanted hapten-protein vaccine approach to preventing sexual maturation of farmed Atlantic salmon.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/81048.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Orahood, Darcy Sonya. “Evaluation of an adjuvanted hapten-protein vaccine approach to preventing sexual maturation of farmed Atlantic salmon.” 2013. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Orahood DS. Evaluation of an adjuvanted hapten-protein vaccine approach to preventing sexual maturation of farmed Atlantic salmon. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/81048.

Council of Science Editors:

Orahood DS. Evaluation of an adjuvanted hapten-protein vaccine approach to preventing sexual maturation of farmed Atlantic salmon. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/81048

11. Ryan, Erin R. Effects of hydraulic structures on fish passage: an evaluation of 2D vs 3D hydraulic analysis methods.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167214

► Channel-spanning hydraulic structures can act as barriers to upstream fish movement. Negative consequences associated with this disruption of longitudinal habitat connectivity highlight the need for… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: fish passage; hydraulic structure; barrier; whitewater park; hydraulic modeling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ryan, E. R. (2015). Effects of hydraulic structures on fish passage: an evaluation of 2D vs 3D hydraulic analysis methods. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167214

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ryan, Erin R. “Effects of hydraulic structures on fish passage: an evaluation of 2D vs 3D hydraulic analysis methods.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167214.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ryan, Erin R. “Effects of hydraulic structures on fish passage: an evaluation of 2D vs 3D hydraulic analysis methods.” 2015. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ryan ER. Effects of hydraulic structures on fish passage: an evaluation of 2D vs 3D hydraulic analysis methods. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167214.

Council of Science Editors:

Ryan ER. Effects of hydraulic structures on fish passage: an evaluation of 2D vs 3D hydraulic analysis methods. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167214

12. Hardee, Travis L. Evaluating fish passage at whitewater parks using a spatially explicit 2D hydraulic modeling approach.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/185766

► In-stream whitewater parks (WWPs) are increasingly popular recreational amenities that typically create waves by constricting flow through a chute to increase velocities and form a… (more)

▼ In-stream whitewater parks (WWPs) are increasingly popular recreational amenities that typically create waves by constricting flow through a chute to increase velocities and form a hydraulic jump. However, the hydraulic conditions these structures create can limit longitudinal habitat connectivity and potentially inhibit upstream fish migration. Recent work has shown that three-dimensional (3D) hydraulic models of flow over WWP structures can be used to accurately predict fish passage rates. Here, I explore the extent to which these methods can be extended to two-dimensional (2D) hydraulic models, which are much simpler and less computationally expensive and data-intensive than 3D models. This study uses a 2D model to calculate flows across several different WWP structures on North St. Vrain Creek at Lyons, Colorado. Potential fish swimming paths are extracted from the model results and evaluated for depth and velocity criteria for fish passage, ultimately yielding for each WWP structure, the fraction of potential passable flow paths for a given discharge. These results are paired with fish movement observations, and logistic regression is used to determine hydraulic variables that significantly contribute to passage success. In general, the 2D model predicts smaller fractions of impassable fish swimming paths than the 3D model. However, the 2D model achieves prediction accuracies greater than 82% for all WWP structures combined, with prediction accuracies at individual WWP structures of 85 to 92%, which equal or exceed the accuracy of the 3D model. These results suggest that 2D flow modeling can be used to evaluate complex flow at WWPs at scales relevant to upstream fish movement. The 2D methods were also applied to new WWP structures to demonstrate the transferability of the methods and to analyze specific design features in terms of fish passage. The WWP structure design features included in this analysis are: chute slope, low flow fish channel, and sidewall terracing. Results showing the estimated fraction of passable flow paths and passable widths provided insight into the effects these design features have on fish passage. The results show that chute slope is an important factor in reducing the velocity barrier within the chute at low discharges. The inclusion of a low flow fish channel can potentially increase the number of upstream swimming paths available to a fish, especially at low discharges. Sidewall terracing can be used to alleviate the channelizing of flow and can be used to facilitate fish passage at larger discharges. Overall, these methods should be applicable to evaluating fish passage at other WWPs and other in-stream structures. Advisors/Committee Members: Nelson, Peter A. (advisor), Bledsoe, Brian P. (committee member), Myrick, Christopher A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: 2D hydraulic modeling; whitewater park; fish passage; 2D CFD

…barriers to Great Plains fish migration. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Fox…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hardee, T. L. (2017). Evaluating fish passage at whitewater parks using a spatially explicit 2D hydraulic modeling approach. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/185766

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hardee, Travis L. “Evaluating fish passage at whitewater parks using a spatially explicit 2D hydraulic modeling approach.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/185766.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hardee, Travis L. “Evaluating fish passage at whitewater parks using a spatially explicit 2D hydraulic modeling approach.” 2017. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hardee TL. Evaluating fish passage at whitewater parks using a spatially explicit 2D hydraulic modeling approach. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/185766.

Council of Science Editors:

Hardee TL. Evaluating fish passage at whitewater parks using a spatially explicit 2D hydraulic modeling approach. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/185766

13. Owens, Cheyenne Elizabeth. Evaluating dietary and behavioral impacts of commercial-type diets on the growth and anti-predator responses of Snake River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii behnkei).

Degree: MS(M.S.), Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, 2016, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176764

► Cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) are raised for restoration stocking and to provide boutique sport fishing opportunities. Because of limited cutthroat-specific culture information, cutthroat trout have… (more)

▼ Cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) are raised for restoration stocking and to provide boutique sport fishing opportunities. Because of limited cutthroat-specific culture information, cutthroat trout have been raised using diets and techniques developed for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), resulting in inconsistent growth performance. There is also evidence that intensive culturing may diminish anti-predator behavior in salmonids, which has not been tested in cutthroat trout. A brief overview of the state of cutthroat trout is described in chapter one of this thesis. The second chapter of this thesis describes a 6-month feeding trial conducted on juvenile Snake River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii behnkei) fed six different feed formulations. Two floating control diets were chosen for this study (Skretting Classic Trout and Skretting Steelhead), along with three floating commercial-type formulations with varying crude protein (CP) and crude lipid (CL) levels (40 CP:12CL, 45CP:16CL, and 45CP:24CL) and one floating experimental formulation (40CP:16CL diet with lysine, methionine and threonine balanced to match the 45CP:16CL diet – BFTC Experimental). Diet significantly (P<0.05) affected final average fish weight, with fish fed Skretting Steelhead, BFTC Experimental, and 45CP:24CL weighing significantly more than fish fed 40CP:12CL. Proximate composition was also altered by diet, with fish fed 45CP:24CL having significantly higher crude energy levels than fish fed 40CP:12CL and Skretting Classic Trout. In a simple cost analysis, it was found that the BFTC Experimental diet provided the lowest cost per pound of fish out of all diets. The results indicate that diets with greater than 40% protein and 12% lipid provide the greatest growth in juvenile Snake River cutthroat trout, and that amino acid balanced diets provide a cost efficient option for cutthroat trout growers. The third chapter of this thesis describes a study wherein fish from the diet study were divided into one of two different size classes (small [12 ± 2.5 cm TL], and large [20 ± 2.5 cm TL]) and observed during open field testing and during exposure to a novel avian predator model (great blue heron, Ardea herodias). Additional testing was run separately on a medium size class [16 ± 2.5 cm TL]. Small fish were significantly (P<0.05) less likely to freeze during open field tests than large fish and potentially more likely to dart (P=0.0652) than medium fish during simulated predator attacks. Significant differences in freezing response between small and large fish fed different diets were observed (P<0.05), with fish fed 45CP:16CL and BFTC Experimental showing a higher probability of freezing than fish fed Skretting Steelhead. Potential differences in darting response between medium fish fed different diets were also observed (P=0.0825), suggesting that differences in ingredients or ingredient inclusion levels between experimental and control diets had subtle effects on behavior. The results indicate that hatchery-reared cutthroat trout do… Advisors/Committee Members: Myrick, Christopher A. (advisor), Vieira, Nicole KM (committee member), Angeloni, Lisa M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: cutthroat trout; fish feed; fish; anti-predator behavior; fish nutrition; Snake River cutthroat trout

…Thesis. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. Brown, G.E., Smith, J.F., 1997… …Oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus). M.S. Thesis. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. 26…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Owens, C. E. (2016). Evaluating dietary and behavioral impacts of commercial-type diets on the growth and anti-predator responses of Snake River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii behnkei). (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176764

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Owens, Cheyenne Elizabeth. “Evaluating dietary and behavioral impacts of commercial-type diets on the growth and anti-predator responses of Snake River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii behnkei).” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176764.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Owens, Cheyenne Elizabeth. “Evaluating dietary and behavioral impacts of commercial-type diets on the growth and anti-predator responses of Snake River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii behnkei).” 2016. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Owens CE. Evaluating dietary and behavioral impacts of commercial-type diets on the growth and anti-predator responses of Snake River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii behnkei). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176764.

Council of Science Editors:

Owens CE. Evaluating dietary and behavioral impacts of commercial-type diets on the growth and anti-predator responses of Snake River cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii behnkei). [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176764

14. Avila, Brian Walter. Survival of Rainbow Trout fry in the wild: a comparison of two whirling disease resistant strains.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, 2016, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178916

► Many animal populations have experienced population declines due to a broad range of factors such as habitat loss and degradation, invasive species, disease, and climate… (more)

▼ Many animal populations have experienced population declines due to a broad range of factors such as habitat loss and degradation, invasive species, disease, and climate change. Introduced pathogens are known to have dramatic effects on populations. Following the establishment of the parasite that causes whirling disease (Myxobolus cerebralis) in Colorado, Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) developed a whirling disease resistant Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) for stocking known as the GRxCRR. The GRxCRR is a cross between the wild, susceptible Colorado River Rainbow (CRR) and the domesticated, resistant German Rainbow (GR) trout strains. It was thought that the GRxCRR would exhibit survival and reproduction similar to that of the CRR, overcome potential disadvantages associated with the history of domestication of the GR, and maintain the genetic resistance to whirling disease of the GR. One disadvantage to stocking GRxCRR is the potential for outcrossing and backcrossing that could decrease resistance to whirling disease. Stocking pure GR was not considered a viable option because it was thought that they would not survive well in a natural environment. However, in a laboratory study the GR and GRxCRR strains showed few physiological differences, indicating that the GR may be a candidate for stocking in whirling disease positive streams. I undertook a laboratory and field experiment to compare fry survival between the two strains. The field experiment was conducted in three drainages (Cache la Poudre River, Middle Fork of the South Platte River, and Colorado River), and three streams were selected in each drainage. One-mile reaches of each stream were stocked in August 2014 with 5,000 GRxCRR, identified with coded wire tags, and 5,000 untagged GR. In October 2014, April 2015 and August 2015, population estimates were conducted, providing an estimate of apparent survival for each strain. Two laboratory experiments were also conducted. In the first experiment, a 50:50 mix of GRxCRR and GR were stocked into large open mesocosms with one wild Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) predator. Survival was estimated over a 24-hour time period. The second experiment was similar, but I added treatments with or without cover. The field experiment revealed that apparent survival and growth rate was influenced by strain, stream, and primarily average temperature within the first year after stocking. After two months in the wild, the GRxCRR exhibited a higher growth rate than the GR, opposite of what is seen in the hatchery. However, after 12 months there was no significant difference in apparent survival or growth rate between the GR and GRxCRR. Laboratory experiments revealed that there were no differences in survival between the strains when confronted with Brown Trout predation. My results indicate that the GR may be a viable alternative for stocking in streams that contain M. cerebralis. Advisors/Committee Members: Winkelman, Dana L. (advisor), Angeloni, Lisa M. (committee member), Fetherman, Eric R. (committee member), Myrick, Christopher A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Rainbow Trout; whirling disease; growth; wild; survival

…at the Colorado State University Foothills Fisheries Laboratory (FFL) to…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Avila, B. W. (2016). Survival of Rainbow Trout fry in the wild: a comparison of two whirling disease resistant strains. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178916

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Avila, Brian Walter. “Survival of Rainbow Trout fry in the wild: a comparison of two whirling disease resistant strains.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178916.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Avila, Brian Walter. “Survival of Rainbow Trout fry in the wild: a comparison of two whirling disease resistant strains.” 2016. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Avila BW. Survival of Rainbow Trout fry in the wild: a comparison of two whirling disease resistant strains. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178916.

Council of Science Editors:

Avila BW. Survival of Rainbow Trout fry in the wild: a comparison of two whirling disease resistant strains. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178916

Colorado State University

15. Kinzli, Kristoph-Dietrich. Improving irrigation system performance through scheduled water delivery in the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2010, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/39040

► This dissertation examines improving irrigation system performance in the Middle Rio Grande Valley in central New Mexico. Historically, the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District practiced… (more)

▼ This dissertation examines improving irrigation system performance in the Middle Rio Grande Valley in central New Mexico. Historically, the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District practiced continuous on demand water delivery, which resulted in large diversions from the Rio Grande. Due to pressure related to the endangered Rio Grande silvery minnow (Hybognathus amarus), the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District has been forced to manage water more effectively. To reach this goal while still providing farmers with adequate supplies, the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District has employed scheduled water delivery. Scheduled water delivery introduces significant management challenges that can be addressed using Decision Support Systems (DSS). This dissertation presents the development, validation and implementation of a DSS in the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District to facilitate scheduled water delivery. The development of the DSS represents a four year effort during which data were collected throughout central New Mexico to develop a real time model capable of predicting crop water demand and distributing irrigation water. This research verified the hypothesis that real time modeling using a Decision Support System is capable of predicting crop water demand and developing water delivery schedules to meet those demands. The field study conducted during the validation effort defined input parameters for the DSS and also had the contribution of quantifying farmer practices in the Middle Rio Grande Valley, which prior to this research were poorly understood. The implementation of the developed DSS was successful during the 2009 irrigation season and improved water delivery operations, while reducing the required water supply by 27%. Overall, the DSS provides the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District with a powerful tool that can be used to schedule water delivery, determine legitimate water use, improve reservoir operations and sustain irrigated agriculture in the face of future water management challenges. Advisors/Committee Members: Oad, Ramchand Naraindas (advisor), Garcia, Luis A. (committee member), Myrick, Christopher A. (committee member), Podmore, Terence H. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District (N.M.); scheduled water delivery; irrigation water management; improving water delivery; decision support system; Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District; water management; Irrigation scheduling – New Mexico – Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District; Decision support systems – Irrigation – New Mexico – Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District; Water-supply, Agricultural – New Mexico – Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kinzli, K. (2010). Improving irrigation system performance through scheduled water delivery in the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/39040

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kinzli, Kristoph-Dietrich. “Improving irrigation system performance through scheduled water delivery in the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed March 02, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/39040.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kinzli, Kristoph-Dietrich. “Improving irrigation system performance through scheduled water delivery in the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District.” 2010. Web. 02 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kinzli K. Improving irrigation system performance through scheduled water delivery in the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 02]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/39040.

Council of Science Editors:

Kinzli K. Improving irrigation system performance through scheduled water delivery in the Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/39040

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations