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Colorado State University
1.
Yadon, Carly Ann.
Three types of sensory gating: exploring interrelationships, individual differences, and implications.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2010, Colorado State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/39329 
► The primary purpose of this dissertation was to determine how information is selectively processed in the brain through sensory gating mechanisms. Filtering, habituation, and orienting…
(more)
▼ The primary purpose of this dissertation was to determine how information is selectively processed in the brain through sensory gating mechanisms. Filtering, habituation, and orienting are three types of sensory gating that have never been investigated together in the same study. Although it has been well established that sensory gating is abnormal in many clinical groups, there remains a fundamental lack of understanding regarding the mechanisms of gating. For example, the functional significance of sensory gating, as well as how different types of sensory gating are related to basic brain processes and to each other, is poorly understood. Using an event-related potential (ERP) paradigm, I measured P50, N100, and P200 filtering, habituation, and orienting and administered a sequence of neuropsychological measures of attention to forty-two healthy adults. I found that filtering, orienting, and habituation and the three ERP components had different patterns of results, suggesting that the three paradigms measured distinct types of sensory gating and that gating is a multistage process. For all three types of sensory gating, higher-level attention tasks tended to predict gating responses better than lower-level attention tasks. This dissertation demonstrated that sensory gating has functional importance and these three gating paradigms seem to reflect different types of gating that should be explored in their own right.
Advisors/Committee Members: Davies, Patricia L. (advisor), Nerger, Janice L. (advisor), Anderson, Charles W. (committee member), Cleary, Anne M. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Sensory receptors; Cognitive neuroscience; Neuropsychological tests; Attention – Psychological aspects
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APA (6th Edition):
Yadon, C. A. (2010). Three types of sensory gating: exploring interrelationships, individual differences, and implications. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/39329
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yadon, Carly Ann. “Three types of sensory gating: exploring interrelationships, individual differences, and implications.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10217/39329.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yadon, Carly Ann. “Three types of sensory gating: exploring interrelationships, individual differences, and implications.” 2010. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Yadon CA. Three types of sensory gating: exploring interrelationships, individual differences, and implications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/39329.
Council of Science Editors:
Yadon CA. Three types of sensory gating: exploring interrelationships, individual differences, and implications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/39329
2.
Womack, Molly Corinne.
Evolution of 'earlessness' in the true Toad family (Bufonidae), The.
Degree: PhD, Biology, 2016, Colorado State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178880
► Anurans (frogs and toads) have a tympanic middle ear to transmit airborne sound from the environment to their inner ear sensory cells. Yet, many bufonid…
(more)
▼ Anurans (frogs and toads) have a tympanic middle ear to transmit airborne sound from the environment to their inner ear sensory cells. Yet, many bufonid (true toad) species have independently evolved earlessness, the lack of a tympanic middle ear, despite the importance of acoustic communication in most toad mating systems. My thesis aims to determine why middle ear structures are so evolutionarily labile in the Bufonidae family by comparing development, sensory, and morphological data of eared and earless toads within a phylogenetic context. I show that the middle ear forms very late in the development of toads and takes many months past metamorphosis to become fully functional. Adult earless species are typically less sensitive to high frequency sound and more sensitive to low frequency vibrations compared to eared toads. I also find the skulls of eared and earless are very similar, indicating the middle ear is lost without change to other developmentally or genetically linked skull features. I conclude that alternative hearing pathways allow earless species to retain some hearing sensitivity, and discuss roles for development and behavior in shaping the evolutionary lability of ear structures.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hoke, Kim L. (advisor), Davies, Patricia L. (committee member), Mueller, Rachel L. (committee member), Naug, Dhurba (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: comparative morphology; earless; sensory loss; developmental constraint; anurans; evolutionary development
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APA (6th Edition):
Womack, M. C. (2016). Evolution of 'earlessness' in the true Toad family (Bufonidae), The. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178880
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Womack, Molly Corinne. “Evolution of 'earlessness' in the true Toad family (Bufonidae), The.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178880.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Womack, Molly Corinne. “Evolution of 'earlessness' in the true Toad family (Bufonidae), The.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Womack MC. Evolution of 'earlessness' in the true Toad family (Bufonidae), The. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178880.
Council of Science Editors:
Womack MC. Evolution of 'earlessness' in the true Toad family (Bufonidae), The. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178880
Colorado State University
3.
Crasta, Jewel E.
Examining the relationship between sensory processing and attention in individuals with autism spectrum disorders.
Degree: PhD, Occupational Therapy, 2017, Colorado State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/185666
► Attention is a crucial element of our goal-directed, purposeful response to sensory information in our social and physical environments. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)…
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▼ Attention is a crucial element of our goal-directed, purposeful response to sensory information in our social and physical environments. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have significant deficits in sensory processing and attention. However, there is limited research examining the relationship between attention and sensory processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The purpose of this dissertation was to examine the relationship between attention and sensory processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and neurotypical individuals. Specifically, the objective was to examine if consciously directing attention to incoming information would result in more typical neural processing in individuals with ASD. To answer this question, study 1 was designed to understand how attention and distraction impacted sensory processing in neurotypical individuals. Studies 2 and 3 examined neural measures of sensory processing in individuals with ASD as compared to age-matched neurotypical controls during passive and active attentional states. In Study 1, electroencephalography (EEG) data were recorded while 60 adults (18-35 years) heard random presentations of 4 auditory stimuli at 2 frequencies (1 and 3 kHz) each at 2 intensities (50 and 70 dB). Participants were randomly divided into 2 viewing conditions; one group watched a silent movie and the other viewed a fixation point during the recording. All participants completed 2 attention conditions, the passive condition involved only listening to the stimuli, followed by the active condition, wherein participants were instructed to press a button to the 1 kHz 50 dB tone. Amplitude and latency measures were obtained for the N1, P2, N2, and P3 components for each of the auditory stimuli. The ANOVAs revealed a significant main effect of attention condition for the N1, P2, N2, and P3 amplitudes. There were also significant attention-by-viewing condition interaction effects at the P3 component. Results indicated that actively directing attention to the tones impacts auditory processing at all components. Additionally, manipulation of attention by changing the viewing environment significantly interacted with sensory processing, such that movie viewing resulted in larger P3 amplitudes compared with fixation viewing. Thus, viewing environment or distraction impacts sensory processing. In study 2, we examined the effect of attention on auditory filtering using the sensory gating paradigm in individuals with ASD. EEG data were recorded during 2 attention conditions from 24 adults with ASD and 24 neurotypical individuals during the sensory gating paradigm. During the passive condition, participants were presented with single and paired clicks. For the active condition, participants made a motor response following the single click but not the paired click. Attending to the clicks resulted in larger P50 and N1 amplitudes, and reduced gating for all participants. Although, the ASD group had P50 and N1 gating during both attention…
Advisors/Committee Members: Davies, Patricia L. (advisor), Gavin, William J. (advisor), Bundy, Anita (committee member), Rojas, Donald (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: autism spectrum disorder; ERPs; sensory processing; auditory processing; occupational therapy; EEG
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APA (6th Edition):
Crasta, J. E. (2017). Examining the relationship between sensory processing and attention in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/185666
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Crasta, Jewel E. “Examining the relationship between sensory processing and attention in individuals with autism spectrum disorders.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10217/185666.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Crasta, Jewel E. “Examining the relationship between sensory processing and attention in individuals with autism spectrum disorders.” 2017. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Crasta JE. Examining the relationship between sensory processing and attention in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/185666.
Council of Science Editors:
Crasta JE. Examining the relationship between sensory processing and attention in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/185666
Colorado State University
4.
Crasta, Jewel Elias.
Sensory registration in children with high functioning autism.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Occupational Therapy, 2015, Colorado State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167020
► Auditory processing is one of the most commonly reported sensory processing impairments in autism spectrum disorders. This study sought to determine whether children with high-functioning…
(more)
▼ Auditory processing is one of the most commonly reported sensory processing impairments in autism spectrum disorders. This study sought to determine whether children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders (HFA) differ from typically developing children on neurophysiological measures of auditory information processing. We hypothesized that children with HFA would have significant different brain activity when listening to auditory stimuli compared to typically developing children. A cross-sectional quasi-experimental quantitative study design with convenience sampling procedures was employed to compare two groups. Nineteen children with HFA and 19 age- and gender-matched typically developing children, ages 5 to 12 years, participated in this study. Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings were made while participants watched a silent movie and heard random presentations of four auditory stimuli at two different frequencies (1 and 3 kHz) and at two different intensities (50 and 70 dB). The stimuli were presented in 4 blocks of 100 trials each, with 25 trials of each of the stimuli in random order with a 2-second inter-stimulus interval. Amplitude and latency measures were obtained for the P1, N1, P2, N2, and P3 components from the averaged event-related potentials (ERPs) for each of the four auditory stimuli. An analysis of variance for the ERP components, revealed that children with HFA had significantly smaller N2 amplitudes for the low frequency low intensity tone, and significantly smaller P3 amplitudes to the high intensity at both frequencies stimuli compared to typically developing children. This finding suggests that children with HFA have increased difficulty in automatic stimuli discrimination and reduced cognitive processing to these auditory stimuli. Children with HFA also had significantly longer P2 latencies for the high intensity high frequency tone compared to typically developing peers, suggesting delayed auditory processing. In conclusion, this study shows that children with HFA display different brain processing mechanisms to auditory sensory stimuli compared to typically developing children. These differences suggest that the auditory processing deficits observed in children with HFA may arise from atypical neurophysiological functioning related to stimuli discrimination and processing. These results can help practitioners understand the neurophysiological basis of behavioral manifestations of ASD, especially those atypical behaviors that occur in response to sensory experiences in everyday activities. Understanding the specific aspects of sensory processing that are a challenge for children with HFA may provide guidance to the types of treatment strategies that will be most effective.
Advisors/Committee Members: Davies, Patricia L. (advisor), Gavin, William J. (committee member), LaGasse, Blythe (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: autism spectrum disorder; sensory processing; auditory processing; EEG
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APA (6th Edition):
Crasta, J. E. (2015). Sensory registration in children with high functioning autism. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167020
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Crasta, Jewel Elias. “Sensory registration in children with high functioning autism.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167020.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Crasta, Jewel Elias. “Sensory registration in children with high functioning autism.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Crasta JE. Sensory registration in children with high functioning autism. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167020.
Council of Science Editors:
Crasta JE. Sensory registration in children with high functioning autism. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167020
Colorado State University
5.
Paxton, Roger John.
Neuromuscular dysfunction: characterization and rehabilitation.
Degree: PhD, Health and Exercise Science, 2013, Colorado State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80194
► Manifestation of action in the physical world is reliant on afferent signaling, processing, efferent signaling, and transduction of this signal into force production and control…
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▼ Manifestation of action in the physical world is reliant on afferent signaling, processing, efferent signaling, and transduction of this signal into force production and control at the musculature. A variety of neural conditions compromise this chain between signal input and control of force and movement. The overall objective of the four investigations discussed herein is the enhanced characterization and treatment of three conditions leading to neuromuscular dysfunction: healthy aging, peripheral neuropathy, and stroke. The population of the United States is "graying". Among the array of health issues associated with aging, decline of muscle force production and control is of key import. Little information exists for the relationship of neuromuscular control about the ankle to postural control in the context of aging. Experiment1 investigated the contribution of neuromuscular control about the ankle to postural steadiness in healthy subjects who were young, old, and very old. The most robust correlations between ankle force control, postural stability, and physical function were found in the very old subjects. Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a progressive condition in which neurons found beyond the central nervous system "die back". An increase in peripheral neuropathy incidence is virtually inevitable considering the enhanced prevalence of diabetes and chemotherapeutic treatment of cancers, as well as the "graying" of the population of the United States as advanced age contributes to PN (demonstrated by an enhanced incidence to approximately 15% in the population over forty years of age). Experiment #2 investigated the contribution of neuromuscular control about the ankle to postural steadiness in subjects with peripheral neuropathy as compared to young healthy and older healthy subjects. The most robust correlations force control and postural stability were found in the peripheral neuropathy patients. Stroke is a leading cause of long-term adult disability in the United States which often leads to neuromuscular dysfunction of the upper limb. An element of great importance to survivors of stroke is quality of life in the face of neuromuscular dysfunction. A decreased capacity, or outright inability, to perform functional tasks such as light housework, cooking, bathing and dressing oneself is associated with an increased risk for depression and may necessitate enhanced care such as that found while living with family or in assisted-living communities. Conventional modes of stroke rehabilitation typically yield only modest improvements in upper extremity function. Stroke rehabilitation techniques must be enhanced to afford a greater quality of life to survivors of stroke. Experiments #3 and #4 utilized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as an experimental treatment for stroke rehabilitation. In Experiment #3, survivors of stroke were randomized to either daily repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation immediately followed constraint induced therapy or an identical treatment in which sham…
Advisors/Committee Members: Tracy, Brian L. (advisor), Malcolm, Matthew P. (advisor), Reiser, Raoul F., II (committee member), Davies, Patricia L. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: aging; stroke; peripheral neuropathy; motor control
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APA (6th Edition):
Paxton, R. J. (2013). Neuromuscular dysfunction: characterization and rehabilitation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80194
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Paxton, Roger John. “Neuromuscular dysfunction: characterization and rehabilitation.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80194.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Paxton, Roger John. “Neuromuscular dysfunction: characterization and rehabilitation.” 2013. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Paxton RJ. Neuromuscular dysfunction: characterization and rehabilitation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80194.
Council of Science Editors:
Paxton RJ. Neuromuscular dysfunction: characterization and rehabilitation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80194
6.
Pott, Christine Elizabeth.
Auditory sensory processing in children with sensory processing disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Occupational Therapy, 2016, Colorado State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178939
► Sensory processing has long been a topic of interest in the field of occupational therapy. This study sought to replicate the results of Davies and…
(more)
▼ Sensory processing has long been a topic of interest in the field of occupational therapy. This study sought to replicate the results of
Davies and Gavin (2007) which examined differences in auditory sensory processing between children with sensory processing disorder (SPD) and typically developing (TD) children as well as expand the results to a sample of children with high functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Additionally, this study sought to relate the neurophysiological measures of sensory processing to a behavioral assessment measuring sensory processing. We hypothesized that the results of
Davies and Gavin (2007) would be replicated and expanded to include children with ASD and measures from the Sensory Profile (SP) would relate to the participants' neurological measures of sensory processing. 62 TD children, and 21 children each with SPD and ASD were recruited as part of a convenience sample. Participants’ brainwaves were recorded through electroencephalography (EEG) while they watched a silent movie and listened to a sensory gating paradigm consisting of two paired clicks and a sensory registration paradigm consisting of 4 tones of varied intensity and frequency. From the sensory gating paradigm P50 amplitudes were obtained. From the sensory registration paradigm amplitudes and latencies for N100, P200, N200, and P300 were obtained. Analyses revealed that while the results of
Davies and Gavin (2007) were partially replicated, in that sensory gating was able to be significantly predicted from sensory registration the same pattern of sensory hyper and hypo-responsivity was not observed. Results indicate that the Sensory Profile does in part relate to the neurophysiological measures of sensory processing. This study confirmed that auditory sensory processing does differ between children with SPD, children ASD, and TD children. It contributes to occupational therapy's understanding of sensory processing in children and also towards increased understanding of how the SP relates to underlying neurological mechanisms.
Advisors/Committee Members: Davies, Patricia L. (advisor), Gavin, William J. (committee member), LaGasse, Blythe (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: sensory processing; electroencephalography
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Pott, C. E. (2016). Auditory sensory processing in children with sensory processing disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178939
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pott, Christine Elizabeth. “Auditory sensory processing in children with sensory processing disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed January 16, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178939.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pott, Christine Elizabeth. “Auditory sensory processing in children with sensory processing disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Pott CE. Auditory sensory processing in children with sensory processing disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178939.
Council of Science Editors:
Pott CE. Auditory sensory processing in children with sensory processing disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178939
. 
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