+publisher:"Colorado State University" +contributor:("Bradley, Thomas")

Colorado State University

1. Lutz, Markus. Design and construction of electric motor dynamometer and grid attached storage laboratory.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2011, Colorado State University

► The purpose of this thesis is to describe the design and development of a laboratory facility to both educate students on electric vehicle components as… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: education; battery; dynamometer; grid-attached-storage; storage; V2G

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lutz, M. (2011). Design and construction of electric motor dynamometer and grid attached storage laboratory. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/48206

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lutz, Markus. “Design and construction of electric motor dynamometer and grid attached storage laboratory.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/48206.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lutz, Markus. “Design and construction of electric motor dynamometer and grid attached storage laboratory.” 2011. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lutz M. Design and construction of electric motor dynamometer and grid attached storage laboratory. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/48206.

Council of Science Editors:

Lutz M. Design and construction of electric motor dynamometer and grid attached storage laboratory. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/48206

Colorado State University

2. Yang, Xiaochen. Precipitation and removal of ionic compounds from produced water: observed versus modeling results.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82671

► Produced water is generated during the hydraulic fracturing and drilling process, and is regarded as the largest byproduct associated with oil and gas industrial development.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: water treatment; equilibrium modeling; softening; modeling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yang, X. (2014). Precipitation and removal of ionic compounds from produced water: observed versus modeling results. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82671

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yang, Xiaochen. “Precipitation and removal of ionic compounds from produced water: observed versus modeling results.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82671.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yang, Xiaochen. “Precipitation and removal of ionic compounds from produced water: observed versus modeling results.” 2014. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yang X. Precipitation and removal of ionic compounds from produced water: observed versus modeling results. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82671.

Council of Science Editors:

Yang X. Precipitation and removal of ionic compounds from produced water: observed versus modeling results. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82671

Colorado State University

3. Salisbury, Shawn. Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84992

► The fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (FCPHEV) has been shown to be a promising vehicle architecture in terms of cost, emissions reduction, and reducing… (more)

▼ The fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (FCPHEV) has been shown to be a promising vehicle architecture in terms of cost, emissions reduction, and reducing petroleum use. It combines a high power battery pack and a small fuel cell to make a zero emissions vehicle with all of the capabilities of current consumer vehicles. Previous FCPHEV studies have projected vehicle cost, emissions, and efficiency, but little work has been performed towards understanding the use, design, and functionality of the architecture. This study presents several topics which will help to advance the state of the FCPHEV. Plug-in hybrid vehicles, including FCPHEVs, can use two different sources of fuel depending upon how the vehicle is driven and charged. To quantify this fuel use, SAE J2841 establishes a utility factor method based upon transportation survey data that includes assumptions about vehicle use and battery charging habits. The utility factor model is an important tool for automakers, consumers, and researchers, and it is used by the EPA to determine the fuel economy of plug-in hybrid vehicles. In the Section A of this study, the utility factor model is examined and compared to data collected from over 1,400 Chevrolet Volts in order to assess its accuracy. Until now, there has been no large-scale set of vehicle data to which the model could be compared. Results show that the assumptions of the J2841 utility factor model are not representative of the driving behavior of this set of plug-in vehicles. A hydrogen fueled vehicle requires a high pressure gaseous fuel storage and delivery system that is very different than the fueling systems of current conventional vehicles. The design and execution of the system is critical to the safety and functionality of an FCPHEV, but previous literature on hydrogen fueled vehicles covers fuel systems in little detail. Section B of this study details the considerations that one must make when designing a high pressure hydrogen fuel system and provides an example of how those considerations were met for the FCPHEV built by Colorado State University in the EcoCAR 2 competition. The FCPHEV built for the EcoCAR 2 competition is the first of its kind to publish real-world driving data. Data taken from the vehicle during on-road testing is analyzed in Section C of this study to prove the FCPHEV concept and increase the understanding of overall system operation. The results of the driving tests demonstrate the viability of the FCPHEV and highlight its advantages over current zero emissions vehicle architectures. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas (advisor), Sega, Ronald (committee member), Kirkpatrcik, Allan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: fuel cell; plug-in hybrid vehicle

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APA (6^th Edition):

Salisbury, S. (2014). Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84992

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Salisbury, Shawn. “Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84992.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Salisbury, Shawn. “Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality.” 2014. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Salisbury S. Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84992.

Council of Science Editors:

Salisbury S. Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84992

Colorado State University

4. Bucher, Jake Duvall. Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83907

► The personal vehicle transportation fleet relies heavily on non-renewable and pollutive sources of fuel, such as petroleum. However, with harsher restrictions from the Environmental Protection… (more)

▼ The personal vehicle transportation fleet relies heavily on non-renewable and pollutive sources of fuel, such as petroleum. However, with harsher restrictions from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and California Air Resource Board's (CARB) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) standards coupled with growing sales for alternative fueled vehicles, the automotive industry has begun to shift toward more renewable and clean sources of energy to power vehicles. The fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (FCPHEV) architecture provides a unique and promising solution to decreasing the dependence of vehicles on petroleum and decreasing the amount of pollution emitted from tailpipes. Until recently, the FCPHEV architecture had only been developed in concept cars and paper studies. However, recent studies have confirmed the capability of the FCPHEV concept in terms of its economics, environmental benefits, and real-world viability. From this concept it becomes important to understand how daily commuters will benefit from driving a FCPHEV using real world driving data. Through the use of geographic information system (GIS) data of vehicle travel in the Puget Sound area from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) a model of electrical and hydrogen energy consumption of a fleet of FCPHEVs can be constructed. This model can be modified to model the driving, charging and fueling habits of drivers using four different all-electric driving ranges, and using either a normal plug-in hybrid control strategy or a control strategy that focuses on highway fuel cell operation. These comparisons are used to analyze the driving habits of daily commuters while using a FCPHEV, and the effect of the FCPHEV architecture on the location of hydrogen refueling. The results of this thesis help to define FCPHEV energy management strategies and show that the FCPHEV architecture can concentrate the location of hydrogen refueling to predictable areas and aid in the development of the hydrogen refueling infrastructure. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas (advisor), Anderson, Charles (committee member), Suryanarayanan, Siddarth (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: energy consumption; utility factor; hydrogen; geographical information systems; fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bucher, J. D. (2014). Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83907

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bucher, Jake Duvall. “Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83907.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bucher, Jake Duvall. “Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region.” 2014. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bucher JD. Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83907.

Council of Science Editors:

Bucher JD. Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83907

Colorado State University

5. DiDomenico, Gabriel. In-vehicle validation of energy consumption modeling and simulation.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Systems Engineering, 2020, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/208414

► The Colorado State University (CSU) Vehicle Innovation Team (VIT) participated in the first Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Vehicle Technology Competitions (AVTC) in 1988. Since… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: hybrid electric vehicle; systems engineering; electrification; validation; simulation

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APA (6^th Edition):

DiDomenico, G. (2020). In-vehicle validation of energy consumption modeling and simulation. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/208414

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

DiDomenico, Gabriel. “In-vehicle validation of energy consumption modeling and simulation.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/208414.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

DiDomenico, Gabriel. “In-vehicle validation of energy consumption modeling and simulation.” 2020. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

DiDomenico G. In-vehicle validation of energy consumption modeling and simulation. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/208414.

Council of Science Editors:

DiDomenico G. In-vehicle validation of energy consumption modeling and simulation. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/208414

Colorado State University

6. Jurgensmeyer, Austin Lee. High efficiency thermoelectric devices fabricated using quantum well confinement techniques.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2011, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/51877

► Experimental results are presented of thermoelectric materials, specifically two-dimensional quantum well confinement structures, formed by ion beam sputter deposition methods. Applications of these thermoelectric devices… (more)

▼ Experimental results are presented of thermoelectric materials, specifically two-dimensional quantum well confinement structures, formed by ion beam sputter deposition methods. Applications of these thermoelectric devices include nearly any system that generates heat including waste heat. The targeted applications of this research include harvesting of waste heat from stand-alone generator systems and automobiles. Thermoelectric generator modules based on an in-plane orientation of nano-scale, thin-film, superlattices have demonstrated very high performance and are appropriate for a wide range of waste heat recovery applications. In this project, the first, fast, ion-beam-based deposition process was developed for producing Si/SiC (n-type) and B4C/B9C (p-type) superlattices. The deposition process uses low-cost powder targets, a simplified substrate holder with embedded heater, a QCM deposition rate monitor, and stepper-motor-controlled masks. Deposition times for individual layers are shown to be significantly shorter than those achieved in magnetron-based systems. As an example of the speed of the process, a 10-nm thick Si layer can be deposited in as little as 20 sec while a SiC layer can be deposited in less than 100 sec. Electrical resistivities, thermal conductivities and Seebeck coefficients are reported for the deposited films as well as their respective non-dimensional figures of merit (zT). Figures of merit (zT) approaching 20 at modest temperatures of ~600 K were observed. These measurements are made in-plane where enhanced Seebeck values and reduced electrical resistivities have also been reported in the literature. A method for directly measuring thermal conductivity in the plane of the superlattice is described that uses MEMs-based SiN cantilevers. Results are presented for various deposition variables, including film thickness, temperature, deposition energy, and material. Scanning white light interferometry (SWLI) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize film thickness. In addition to the experimental effort, an analysis was performed to predict the performance of a thermoelectric module fabricated with the superlattice films deposited on ceramic substrates. Thermal efficiencies approaching 15% are predicted for modest cold and hot side temperatures. Thermal conduction through the substrate was found to be the largest factor limiting the performance of the modeled thermoelectric modules. Advisors/Committee Members: Williams, John (advisor), Bradley, Thomas (advisor), Evangelista, Paul (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: ion beam; figure of merit; Peltier; quantum well; superlattice; thermoelectric

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jurgensmeyer, A. L. (2011). High efficiency thermoelectric devices fabricated using quantum well confinement techniques. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/51877

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jurgensmeyer, Austin Lee. “High efficiency thermoelectric devices fabricated using quantum well confinement techniques.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/51877.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jurgensmeyer, Austin Lee. “High efficiency thermoelectric devices fabricated using quantum well confinement techniques.” 2011. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Jurgensmeyer AL. High efficiency thermoelectric devices fabricated using quantum well confinement techniques. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/51877.

Council of Science Editors:

Jurgensmeyer AL. High efficiency thermoelectric devices fabricated using quantum well confinement techniques. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/51877

Colorado State University

7. Kitwadkar, Amol Hanmant. GIS based location optimization for mobile produced water treatment facilities in shale gas operations.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82644

► Over 60% of the nation's total energy is supplied by oil and natural gas together and this demand for energy will continue to grow in… (more)

▼ Over 60% of the nation's total energy is supplied by oil and natural gas together and this demand for energy will continue to grow in the future (Radler et al. 2012). The growing demand is pushing the exploration and exploitation of onshore oil and natural gas reservoirs. Hydraulic fracturing has proven to not only create jobs and achieve economic growth, but also has proven to exert a lot of stress on natural resources – such as water. As water is one of the most important factors in the world of hydraulic fracturing, proper fluids management during the development of a field of operation is perhaps the key element to address a lot of these issues. Almost 30% of the water used during hydraulic fracturing comes out of the well in the form of flowback water during the first month after the well is fractured (Bai et. al. 2012). Handling this large amount of water coming out of the newly fractured wells is one of the major issues as the volume of the water after this period drops off and remains constant for a long time (Bai et. al. 2012) and permanent facilities can be constructed to take care of the water over a longer period. This paper illustrates development of a GIS based tool for optimizing the location of a mobile produced water treatment facility while development is still occurring. A methodology was developed based on a multi criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to optimize the location of the mobile treatment facilities. The criteria for MCDA include well density, ease of access (from roads considering truck hauls) and piping minimization if piping is used and water volume produced. The area of study is 72 square miles east of Greeley, CO in the Wattenberg Field in northeastern Colorado that will be developed for oil and gas production starting in the year 2014. A quarterly analysis is done so that we can observe the effect of future development plans and current circumstances on the location as we move from quarter to quarter. This will help the operators to make long-term decisions and also they can make decisions about the well pad siting and well densities. Three different scenarios – baseline, retroactive and proactive – were considered to see what could be the proper way to answer the question of optimal fluids management (OFM). Once the locations were obtained the results from different scenarios were compared for piping distances from each well going towards the facility, assuming the pipeline distance as the criteria to be minimized. The results obtained were pretty robust and observed to be fulfilling the intended purpose. Advisors/Committee Members: Carlson, Kennneth H. (advisor), Catton, Kimberly (advisor), Bradley, Thomas (committee member).

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kitwadkar, A. H. (2014). GIS based location optimization for mobile produced water treatment facilities in shale gas operations. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82644

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kitwadkar, Amol Hanmant. “GIS based location optimization for mobile produced water treatment facilities in shale gas operations.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82644.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kitwadkar, Amol Hanmant. “GIS based location optimization for mobile produced water treatment facilities in shale gas operations.” 2014. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kitwadkar AH. GIS based location optimization for mobile produced water treatment facilities in shale gas operations. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82644.

Council of Science Editors:

Kitwadkar AH. GIS based location optimization for mobile produced water treatment facilities in shale gas operations. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82644

Colorado State University

8. Echter, Nicholas. Parallel hydraulic pressure assist/work circuit hybrids for automated side loader refuse vehicles.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2012, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/68005

► Hydraulic hybrids have been a subject of study for some time now and the application of these hybrids to refuse vehicles has been thoroughly explored.… (more)

▼ Hydraulic hybrids have been a subject of study for some time now and the application of these hybrids to refuse vehicles has been thoroughly explored. There is a lesser known subset of these which are known as pressure assist or work circuit hybrids that have unique potential to the field. Work circuit hybrids operate similar to a parallel hydraulic hybrid in that energy is captured and stored during regenerative braking. These hybrids differ in that the energy is then used to operate the hydraulic cylinders that handle and compact the refuse rather than reaccelerating the vehicle. Work circuit hybrids can be applied to many types of vehicles but the refuse vehicle application is the focus of this study. It was known prior to this study that work circuit hybrids are a potential solution to improve the fuel economy of refuse vehicles. However, prior to this study, the design of a work circuit hybrid had not been outlined in the literature. It was the goal of this thesis to answer the following questions. What are the fuel economy and cost characteristics of an optimized work circuit hybrid, and can an advanced hydraulic work circuit design justify further development towards productization? To answer these questions the study began by exploring, at a high level, the feasibility of work circuit hybrids on refuse vehicles. Then, two automated side loader, 28 cubic yard (21.4 m3), McNeilus Street Force MA refuse vehicles that operate on residential routes throughout Denver's surrounding areas were instrumented to produce drive cycle and hydraulic duty cycle data. This data was used to understand vehicle operation and to validate a reverse facing dynamic model of the stock refuse vehicle. A hybrid model was then produces and used in conjunction with a non-linear optimization algorithm to determine the potential benefit of this technology. This study concluded that a work circuit hybrid providing energy to the arm of a side loader refuse vehicle could achieve a 2.3% reduction in fuel consumption with a 4 year payback period using optimally sized hybrid components. The fuel usage reduction for these hybrids is limited to how well the available energy from regenerative braking is matched with the energy required by the work circuit. For this study, only 16% of the braking energy was utilized due to the selection of vehicle and hydraulic circuit. Work circuit hybrids also enable the use of an idle stop control logic, creating a unique opportunity to combine these two technologies yielding a fuel savings of 21.6% for the same vehicle. There are still some challenges to overcome before this technology can be truly understood. One such challenge is the fact that these hybrids require control of the torque converter lock up clutch and the transmission shifting strategy to make an engine driven configuration feasible. Implementing idle stop may also have hidden challenges including energy losses and emissions issues. However, it is the conclusion of this study that work circuit hybrids do offer a unique set of desired… Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas (advisor), Babbitt, Guy (committee member), Young, Peter (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: hybrid; hydraulic hybrid; idle stop; pressure assist; refuse vehicle; work circuit

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APA (6^th Edition):

Echter, N. (2012). Parallel hydraulic pressure assist/work circuit hybrids for automated side loader refuse vehicles. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/68005

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Echter, Nicholas. “Parallel hydraulic pressure assist/work circuit hybrids for automated side loader refuse vehicles.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/68005.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Echter, Nicholas. “Parallel hydraulic pressure assist/work circuit hybrids for automated side loader refuse vehicles.” 2012. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Echter N. Parallel hydraulic pressure assist/work circuit hybrids for automated side loader refuse vehicles. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/68005.

Council of Science Editors:

Echter N. Parallel hydraulic pressure assist/work circuit hybrids for automated side loader refuse vehicles. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/68005

Colorado State University

9. Johnson, Troy. Implementation and evaluation of backward facing fuel consumption simulation and testing methods.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197431

► The Colorado State University Vehicle Innovations Team (VIT) participates in numerous Advanced Vehicle Technology Competitions (AVTC's) as well as several hybrid-electric vehicle projects with outside… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: modeling; testing; simulation; fuel consumption

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APA (6^th Edition):

Johnson, T. (2019). Implementation and evaluation of backward facing fuel consumption simulation and testing methods. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197431

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johnson, Troy. “Implementation and evaluation of backward facing fuel consumption simulation and testing methods.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197431.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johnson, Troy. “Implementation and evaluation of backward facing fuel consumption simulation and testing methods.” 2019. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Johnson T. Implementation and evaluation of backward facing fuel consumption simulation and testing methods. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197431.

Council of Science Editors:

Johnson T. Implementation and evaluation of backward facing fuel consumption simulation and testing methods. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197431

Colorado State University

10. Pickering, Cody. Methane emissions from gathering pipeline networks, distribution systems, agriculture, waste management and natural sources.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2016, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178944

► Climate change has influenced United States policymakers and industry professionals alike to minimize greenhouse gas emissions; including methane, the second most abundant greenhouse gas. The… (more)

▼ Climate change has influenced United States policymakers and industry professionals alike to minimize greenhouse gas emissions; including methane, the second most abundant greenhouse gas. The recent focus on quantifying methane emissions is not only motivated by its abundance but also the high global warming potential of the gas, which is 86 times greater than that of carbon dioxide on a 20-year timescale. Techniques to quantify methane emissions can be broken into three categories: component level, facility level, and basin level. In this study component level measurements and published emission estimates were used in Monte Carlo models to estimate regional methane emissions from three different source categories: natural gas gathering pipeline networks, natural gas distributions systems, and non-oil and gas sources such as: agriculture, waste management, lakes, ponds, rivers, wetlands and geological seepage. These estimates are designed to support a regional estimate including all methane sources for comparison against top-down emission estimates from aircraft measurements in the same region. Gathering pipeline networks are a sector of the natural gas supply chain for which little methane emissions data are available. In this study leak detection was performed on 96 kilometers of underground plastic pipeline and above-ground components including 56 pigging facilities and 39 block valves. Only one leak was located on an underground pipeline, however, it accounted for 83% of total measured emissions. Methane emissions estimated using a Monte-Carlo model for the 4684 km of gathering pipeline in the study area were 400 [+214%/-87%] kg/h (95% CI). This estimate is statistically similar to estimates based on emission factors from EPA’s 2015 Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program and is approximately 1% [0.1% to 3.2%] of the 39 Mg/h estimated in a prior aircraft measurement of the study region. The wide uncertainty range is due to two factors: one, the small sample size relative to the total gathering system in the study area and two, the presence of only one underground pipeline leak to characterize a range of possible emissions. The study also investigates what fraction of gathering pipelines in a basin must be measured to understand the maximum probable impact gathering line emissions could have on a basin level emission estimate. Distribution systems are a sector of the natural gas supply chain that has been analyzed and measured in recent years due to the attention they received in a 1992 study showing that they contribute approximately 25% of total methane emissions from the natural gas supply chain. The only distribution company in the study region provided data and access to their system for measurement during this study. During the field campaign, 129 of 239 metering and regulating stations were visited and 34 of 87 documented leaks from PHMSA surveys were visited. When scaling measured emissions to the eight counties in the study region, pneumatic emissions dominate, accounting for 2.8 [+37%/-31%] kg/h (95% CI) or… Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas (advisor), Zimmerle, Daniel (advisor), Sheehan, John (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: distribution; gathering; natural; emission; agriculture; methane

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pickering, C. (2016). Methane emissions from gathering pipeline networks, distribution systems, agriculture, waste management and natural sources. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178944

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pickering, Cody. “Methane emissions from gathering pipeline networks, distribution systems, agriculture, waste management and natural sources.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178944.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pickering, Cody. “Methane emissions from gathering pipeline networks, distribution systems, agriculture, waste management and natural sources.” 2016. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Pickering C. Methane emissions from gathering pipeline networks, distribution systems, agriculture, waste management and natural sources. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178944.

Council of Science Editors:

Pickering C. Methane emissions from gathering pipeline networks, distribution systems, agriculture, waste management and natural sources. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178944

Colorado State University

11. Knopf, Matthew David. Comprehensive concept-phase system safety analysis for hybrid-electric vehicles utilizing automated driving functions.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197260

► Automotive system safety (SS) analysis involving automated driving functions (ADFs) and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) is an active subject of research but highly proprietary.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: automated driving functions; hazard analysis and risk assessment; systems safety; concept development; advanced driver assist systems; hybrid electric vehicles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Knopf, M. D. (2019). Comprehensive concept-phase system safety analysis for hybrid-electric vehicles utilizing automated driving functions. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197260

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Knopf, Matthew David. “Comprehensive concept-phase system safety analysis for hybrid-electric vehicles utilizing automated driving functions.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197260.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Knopf, Matthew David. “Comprehensive concept-phase system safety analysis for hybrid-electric vehicles utilizing automated driving functions.” 2019. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Knopf MD. Comprehensive concept-phase system safety analysis for hybrid-electric vehicles utilizing automated driving functions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197260.

Council of Science Editors:

Knopf MD. Comprehensive concept-phase system safety analysis for hybrid-electric vehicles utilizing automated driving functions. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197260

Colorado State University

12. Anderson, Chris. Investigation of indirect (secondary loop) refrigeration systems in commercial food service buildings.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2016, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178841

► Indirect (secondary loop) refrigeration systems have recently received increased attention due to their well-known effects on reducing refrigerant losses, particularly in commercial food sales buildings.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: energy efficiency; commercial buildings; refrigeration

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APA (6^th Edition):

Anderson, C. (2016). Investigation of indirect (secondary loop) refrigeration systems in commercial food service buildings. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178841

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Anderson, Chris. “Investigation of indirect (secondary loop) refrigeration systems in commercial food service buildings.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178841.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Anderson, Chris. “Investigation of indirect (secondary loop) refrigeration systems in commercial food service buildings.” 2016. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Anderson C. Investigation of indirect (secondary loop) refrigeration systems in commercial food service buildings. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178841.

Council of Science Editors:

Anderson C. Investigation of indirect (secondary loop) refrigeration systems in commercial food service buildings. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/178841

Colorado State University

13. Chenna, Shiva Tarun. Artificial neural networks for fuel consumption and emissions modeling in light duty vehicles.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197403

► There is growing evidence that real world, on-road emissions from mobile sources exceed emissions determined during laboratory tests and that the air quality, climate, and… (more)

▼ There is growing evidence that real world, on-road emissions from mobile sources exceed emissions determined during laboratory tests and that the air quality, climate, and human health impacts from mobile sources might be substantially different than initially thought. Hence, there is an immediate need to measure and model these exceedances if we are to better understand and mitigate the environmental impacts of mobile sources. In this work, we used a portable emissions monitoring system (PEMS) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to measure and model on-road fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions from Tier-2 light-duty gasoline and diesel vehicle. Tests were performed on at least five separate days for each vehicle and each test included a cold start and operation over a hot phase. Routes were deliberately picked to mimic certain features (e.g., distance, time duration) of driving cycles used for emissions certification (e.g., FTP-75). Data were gathered for a total of 49 miles and 145 minutes for the gasoline vehicle and 52 miles and 165 minutes for the diesel vehicle. Fuel consumption and emissions data were calculated at 1 Hz using information gathered from the vehicle using the onboard diagnostics port and the PEMS measurements. Route-integrated tailpipe emissions did not exceed the Tier-2 emissions standard for CO, NOX, and non-methane organic gases (NMOG) for either vehicle but did exceed so for PM for the diesel vehicle. We trained ANN models on part of the data to predict fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions at 1 Hz for both vehicles and evaluated these models against the rest of the data. The ANN models performed best when the training iterations (or epochs) were set to larger than 25 and the number of neurons in the hidden layer was between 7 and 9, although we did not see any specific advantage in increasing the number of hidden layers beyond 1. The trained ANN model predicted the fuel consumption over test routes within 5.5% of the measured value for both gasoline and diesel vehicles. The ANN performance varied significantly with pollutant type for the two vehicles and we were able to develop satisfactory models only for unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and NOX for diesel vehicles. Over independent test routes, the trained ANN models predicted HC within 12.5% of the measured value for the gasoline vehicle and predicted NOX emissions within 3% of the measured values for the diesel vehicle. The ANN performed better than, and hence could be used in lieu of, multivariable regression models such as those used in mobile source emissions models (e.g., EMFAC). In an 'environmental-routing' case study performed over three origin-destination pairs, the ANNs were able to successfully pick routes that minimized fuel consumption. Our work demonstrates the use of artificial neural networks to model fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions from light-duty passenger vehicles, with applications ranging from environmental routing to emissions inventory modeling. Advisors/Committee Members: Jathar, Shantanu (advisor), Bradley, Thomas (committee member), Anderson, Chuck (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: emissions modeling; NOx emissions; PEMS; neural networks; chassis dynamometer; on road emissions

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chenna, S. T. (2019). Artificial neural networks for fuel consumption and emissions modeling in light duty vehicles. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197403

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chenna, Shiva Tarun. “Artificial neural networks for fuel consumption and emissions modeling in light duty vehicles.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197403.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chenna, Shiva Tarun. “Artificial neural networks for fuel consumption and emissions modeling in light duty vehicles.” 2019. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Chenna ST. Artificial neural networks for fuel consumption and emissions modeling in light duty vehicles. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197403.

Council of Science Editors:

Chenna ST. Artificial neural networks for fuel consumption and emissions modeling in light duty vehicles. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197403

Colorado State University

14. Armstrong, Kristina Ochsner. Analysis of life cycle assessment of food/energy/waste systems and development and analysis of microalgae cultivation/wastewater treatment inclusive system.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2013, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80202

► Across the world, crises in food, energy, land and water resources, as well as waste and greenhouse gas accumulation are inspiring research into the interactions… (more)

▼ Across the world, crises in food, energy, land and water resources, as well as waste and greenhouse gas accumulation are inspiring research into the interactions among these environmental pressures. In the food/energy/waste problem set, most of the research is focused on describing the antagonistic relationships between food, energy and waste; these relationships are often analyzed with life cycle assessment (LCA). These analyses often include reporting of metrics of environmental performance with few functional units, often focusing on energy use, productivity and environmental impact while neglecting water use, food nutrition and safety. Additionally, they are often attributional studies with small scope which report location-specific parameters only. This thesis puts forth a series of recommendations to amend the current practice of LCA to combat these limitations and then utilizes these suggestions to analyze a synergistic food/waste/energy system. As an example analysis, this thesis describes the effect of combining wastewater treatment and microalgae cultivation on the productivity and scalability of the synergistic system. To ameliorate the high nutrient and water demands of microalgae cultivation, many studies suggest that microalgae be cultivated in wastewater so as to achieve large scale and low environmental costs. While cultivation studies have found this to be true, none explore the viability of the substitution in terms of productivity and scale-up. The results of this study suggest that while the integrated system may be suitable for low-intensity microalgae cultivation, for freshwater microalgae species or wastewater treatment it is not suitable for high intensity salt water microalgae cultivation. This study shows that the integration could result in reduced lipid content, high wastewater requirements, no greenhouse gas emissions benefit and only a small energy benefit. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas H. (advisor), De Long, Susan (committee member), Marchese, Anthony (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: biofuels; wastewater; microalgae; life cycle analysis; LCA

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APA (6^th Edition):

Armstrong, K. O. (2013). Analysis of life cycle assessment of food/energy/waste systems and development and analysis of microalgae cultivation/wastewater treatment inclusive system. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80202

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Armstrong, Kristina Ochsner. “Analysis of life cycle assessment of food/energy/waste systems and development and analysis of microalgae cultivation/wastewater treatment inclusive system.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80202.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Armstrong, Kristina Ochsner. “Analysis of life cycle assessment of food/energy/waste systems and development and analysis of microalgae cultivation/wastewater treatment inclusive system.” 2013. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Armstrong KO. Analysis of life cycle assessment of food/energy/waste systems and development and analysis of microalgae cultivation/wastewater treatment inclusive system. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80202.

Council of Science Editors:

Armstrong KO. Analysis of life cycle assessment of food/energy/waste systems and development and analysis of microalgae cultivation/wastewater treatment inclusive system. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/80202

Colorado State University

15. Campbell, Timothy M. Model of the effects of automatic generation control signal characteristics on energy storage system reliability, A.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2012, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/65313

► No electrochemical batteries constructed to date have the storage capacities necessary for integration into conventional energy markets; aggregation will be required to meet industry-standard metrics… (more)

▼ No electrochemical batteries constructed to date have the storage capacities necessary for integration into conventional energy markets; aggregation will be required to meet industry-standard metrics for reliability and availability. This aggregation of individual energy storage devices into a distributed energy storage (DES) system will be useful not only to allow standard connection to the grid, but to provide higher-quality fast-response grid services with low-cost technologies. These smaller installations will have lower capital costs than traditional energy storage facilities. Ancillary services, and more specifically frequency regulation services, are understood to be the most technically viable and economically valuable market available to DES. Accordingly, this study is based on the properties of the frequency regulation market. This study presents a simplified model of a DES resource, its frequency regulation actuation signal, and its mode of market participation. The inputs to the model are scaling parameters of the DES system and of the actuation signal. The outputs from the model are the individual and aggregated reliability of the DES system. An analytical calculation of reliability is performed and analytical results are compared to numerical simulation solutions. Results show that the reliability of the energy storage device can be characterized using a set of non-dimensional parameters. These device-level reliability results are then translated into system-level reliability through several different models of ancillary services contracting and dispatch. Previous studies of DES systems have assumed that the energy storage system has no energy storage limitations and that the actuation signal has no net or instantaneous energy content. This model includes these conditions so as to capture the interaction between the energy content of the Automatic Generation Control (AGC) signal and the device-level and system-level reliability of DES systems. These results are novel in that they can guide the independent system operator/balancing authority in constructing an AGC signal specific to the needs of DES system resources. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas H. (advisor), Zimmerle, Daniel (committee member), Young, Peter M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: automatic generation control; frequency regulation; energy storage; battery-to-grid

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APA (6^th Edition):

Campbell, T. M. (2012). Model of the effects of automatic generation control signal characteristics on energy storage system reliability, A. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/65313

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Campbell, Timothy M. “Model of the effects of automatic generation control signal characteristics on energy storage system reliability, A.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/65313.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Campbell, Timothy M. “Model of the effects of automatic generation control signal characteristics on energy storage system reliability, A.” 2012. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Campbell TM. Model of the effects of automatic generation control signal characteristics on energy storage system reliability, A. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/65313.

Council of Science Editors:

Campbell TM. Model of the effects of automatic generation control signal characteristics on energy storage system reliability, A. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/65313

Colorado State University

16. Trinko, David A. Predictive energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles applied during acceleration events.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195328

► The emergence and widespread adoption of vehicles with hybrid powertrains and onboard computing capabilities have improved the feasibility of utilizing predictions of vehicle state to… (more)

▼ The emergence and widespread adoption of vehicles with hybrid powertrains and onboard computing capabilities have improved the feasibility of utilizing predictions of vehicle state to enable optimal energy management strategies (EMS) to improve fuel economy. Real-world implementation of optimal EMS remains challenging in part because of limits on prediction accuracy and computation speed. However, if a finite set of EMS can be pre-derived offline, instead of onboard the vehicle in real time, fuel economy improvements may be possible using hardware that is common in current production vehicles. Acceleration events (AE) are attractive targets for this kind of EMS application due to their high energy cost, probability of recurrence, and limited variability. This research aims to understand how a finite set of EMS might be derived and applied to AEs based on predictions of basic AE attributes to achieve reliable fuel economy improvements. Models of the 2010 Toyota Prius are used to simulate fuel economy for a variety of control strategies, including baseline control, optimal EMS control derived via dynamic programming, and pre-derived control applied with approximate prediction to AEs. Statistical methods are used to identify correlations between AE attributes, optimal powertrain control, and fuel economy results. Then, key AE attributes are used to define AE categorization schemes of various resolutions, in which one pre-derived EMS is applied to every AE in a category. Last, the control strategies are simulated during a variety of drive cycles to predict real-world fuel economy results. By simulating fuel economy improvement for AEs both in isolation and in the context of drive cycles, it was concluded that applying pre-derived EMS to AEs based on predictions of initial and final velocity is likely to enable reliable fuel economy benefits in low-aggression driving. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas H. (advisor), Quinn, Jason C. (committee member), Anderson, Charles W. (committee member).

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APA (6^th Edition):

Trinko, D. A. (2019). Predictive energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles applied during acceleration events. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195328

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Trinko, David A. “Predictive energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles applied during acceleration events.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195328.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Trinko, David A. “Predictive energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles applied during acceleration events.” 2019. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Trinko DA. Predictive energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles applied during acceleration events. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195328.

Council of Science Editors:

Trinko DA. Predictive energy management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles applied during acceleration events. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195328

Colorado State University

17. Quinn, Casey W. Evaluation of distributed energy storage for ancillary service provision.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2011, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/48131

► Researchers have proposed that distributed energy storage devices could be used to perform ancillary services for the electric grid. This work focuses on vehicle-to-grid and… (more)

▼ Researchers have proposed that distributed energy storage devices could be used to perform ancillary services for the electric grid. This work focuses on vehicle-to-grid and battery-to-grid distributed energy storage devices. In conceptual studies, distributed energy storage devices were shown to be able to accrue revenue for performing these grid stabilization services, and these revenues were used to show that the use of vehicle-to-grid and battery-to-grid can help to offset the initial increased capital cost of electric vehicles. These conceptual studies have assumed a command architecture that allows for a direct and deterministic communication between the grid system operator and the distributed energy storage devices. The first part of this thesis compares this direct, deterministic command architecture to an aggregative command architecture on the basis of the availability, reliability and value of the vehicle-to-grid provided ancillary services. This research incorporates a new level of detail into the modeling of vehicle-to-grid ancillary services by incorporating probabilistic vehicle travel models, time series ancillary services pricing, a consideration of ancillary services reliability. Results show that including an aggregating entity in the command and contracting architecture can improve the scale and reliability of vehicle-to-grid ancillary services, thereby making vehicle-to-grid ancillary services more compatible with the current ancillary services market. However, the aggregative architecture has the deleterious effect of reducing the revenue accrued by plug-in vehicle owners relative to the default architectures. The second part of this work investigates the effects of introducing battery state of charge and time series generation control signals. Results show that in order to integrate a vehicle-to-grid system into the existing markets and power grid the distributed energy storage system will require: 1) an aggregative architecture to meet current industry reliability standards, 2) the construction of low net energy automatic generation control signals, 3) a lower percent call for distributive energy storage systems even if the pool of contracted ancillary service resources gets smaller, 4) a consideration of vehicle performance degradation due to the potential loss of electrically driven miles, and 5) the incorporation of power-to-energy ratios. The third part of this work adapts the vehicle-to-grid model to a battery-to-grid system. Results show that if the automatic generation control signals contain low energy content, battery-to-grid has higher revenue potential than vehicle-to-grid due not having to account for vehicle driving behavior. Additionally, the third portion of this work proposed and performed high level analyses of operational options for battery-to-grid systems receiving automatic generation control signals with high energy content. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas H. (advisor), Zimmerle, Daniel (committee member), Young, Peter M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: B2G; V2G; PHEV; distributed energy storage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Quinn, C. W. (2011). Evaluation of distributed energy storage for ancillary service provision. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/48131

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Quinn, Casey W. “Evaluation of distributed energy storage for ancillary service provision.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/48131.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Quinn, Casey W. “Evaluation of distributed energy storage for ancillary service provision.” 2011. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Quinn CW. Evaluation of distributed energy storage for ancillary service provision. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/48131.

Council of Science Editors:

Quinn CW. Evaluation of distributed energy storage for ancillary service provision. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/48131

Colorado State University

18. Palchak, David. Energy management of a university campus utilizing short-term load forecasting with an artificial neural network.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2012, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/70022

► Electrical load forecasting is a tool that has been utilized by distribution designers and operators as a means for resource planning and generation dispatch. The… (more)

▼ Electrical load forecasting is a tool that has been utilized by distribution designers and operators as a means for resource planning and generation dispatch. The techniques employed in these predictions are proving useful in the growing market of consumer, or end-user, participation in electrical energy consumption. These predictions are based on exogenous variables, such as weather, and time variables, such as day of week and time of day as well as prior energy consumption patterns. The participation of the end-user is a cornerstone of the Smart Grid initiative presented in the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, and is being made possible by the emergence of enabling technologies such as advanced metering infrastructure. The optimal application of the data provided by an advanced metering infrastructure is the primary motivation for the work done in this thesis. The methodology for using this data in an energy management scheme that utilizes a short-term load forecast is presented. The objective of this research is to quantify opportunities for a range of energy management and operation cost savings of a university campus through the use of a forecasted daily electrical load profile. The proposed algorithm for short-term load forecasting is optimized for Colorado State University's main campus, and utilizes an artificial neural network that accepts weather and time variables as inputs. The performance of the predicted daily electrical load is evaluated using a number of error measurements that seek to quantify the best application of the forecast. The energy management presented utilizes historical electrical load data from the local service provider to optimize the time of day that electrical loads are being managed. Finally, the utilization of forecasts in the presented energy management scenario is evaluated based on cost and energy savings. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas (advisor), Suryanarayanan, Siddharth (advisor), Zimmerle, Daniel (committee member), Young, Peter (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: ANN; neural network; load forecasting; energy management

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APA (6^th Edition):

Palchak, D. (2012). Energy management of a university campus utilizing short-term load forecasting with an artificial neural network. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/70022

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Palchak, David. “Energy management of a university campus utilizing short-term load forecasting with an artificial neural network.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/70022.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Palchak, David. “Energy management of a university campus utilizing short-term load forecasting with an artificial neural network.” 2012. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Palchak D. Energy management of a university campus utilizing short-term load forecasting with an artificial neural network. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/70022.

Council of Science Editors:

Palchak D. Energy management of a university campus utilizing short-term load forecasting with an artificial neural network. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/70022

Colorado State University

19. Renquist, Jacob Vinod. Design tradeoffs of a reciprocating auxiliary power unit.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2013, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79134

► This thesis presents a comparison of reciprocating auxiliary power units to conventional, gas turbine auxiliary power units. A metric of interest is created to represent… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: APU; auxiliary power unit; diesel; diesel engine; engine; engine design

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APA (6^th Edition):

Renquist, J. V. (2013). Design tradeoffs of a reciprocating auxiliary power unit. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79134

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Renquist, Jacob Vinod. “Design tradeoffs of a reciprocating auxiliary power unit.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79134.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Renquist, Jacob Vinod. “Design tradeoffs of a reciprocating auxiliary power unit.” 2013. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Renquist JV. Design tradeoffs of a reciprocating auxiliary power unit. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79134.

Council of Science Editors:

Renquist JV. Design tradeoffs of a reciprocating auxiliary power unit. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79134

Colorado State University

20. Kambly, Kiran. Implications of temporally and geographically realized energy use for electrified transportation.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82642

► Plug in electric vehicles (PEVs) are vehicles that use energy from the electric grid to provide tractive and accessory power to the vehicle. The nonexistent… (more)

▼ Plug in electric vehicles (PEVs) are vehicles that use energy from the electric grid to provide tractive and accessory power to the vehicle. The nonexistent (electric vehicles) or reduced-sized (plug in hybrid vehicles) engine in these vehicles results in high energy conversion efficiencies, lower GHG emissions, and reduced environmental pollution. Consumer demand for these vehicles is limited by their reduced range relative to conventional vehicles. Range limitations in PEVs are primarily due to the lower onboard energy storage capacity of lithium ion (720kJ/kg) relative to gasoline (47.2MJ/kg), and the range sensitivity of PEVs to accessory loads, primarily cabin conditioning loads, is higher. The factors such as local ambient temperature, local solar radiation, length of the trip and thermal soak have been identified to affect the cabin conditioning power requirements and to therefore affect vehicle range. The steady increase in consumer demand for PEVs has resulted in research initiatives by USDOE, the automotive industry and utility industry to overcome these range limitations. The focus of this research is to develop a detailed systems-level approach to connect HVAC technologies and usage conditions to social, environmental, and consumer-centric metrics of performance. This is accomplished through the development of a toolset that consider transient environmental parameters, real world driver behavior, charging behavior, and regional passenger fleet population for HVAC system operation. The resulting engineering toolset can be used to determine geographical distribution of energy consumption by HVAC systems in electric vehicles, identify regions of US where EVs can elicit positive user response, evaluate the sensitivity of PEV range to the local weather conditions, identify times of use to extract maximum performance from PEVs, establish HVAC component specifications, and optimize vehicle energy management strategies and technologies. A case study with the alternative accessory technology such as a combination of phase change materials to provide for heating and cooling is explored. The results of this research show that PEV HVAC energy consumption is geographically and temporally disparate, that range variability may be more of a driver of consumer dissatisfaction than actual range, and that HVAC energy management and technologies can reduce the variability in PEV range and may thereby improve PEV consumer acceptability. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas H. (advisor), Kirkpatrick, Allan (committee member), Wilson, Bryan (committee member), Young, Peter (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: cabin conditioning; electric range; HVAC energy; plug-in electric vehicle; thermal comfort model; US energy consumption

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kambly, K. (2014). Implications of temporally and geographically realized energy use for electrified transportation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82642

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kambly, Kiran. “Implications of temporally and geographically realized energy use for electrified transportation.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82642.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kambly, Kiran. “Implications of temporally and geographically realized energy use for electrified transportation.” 2014. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kambly K. Implications of temporally and geographically realized energy use for electrified transportation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82642.

Council of Science Editors:

Kambly K. Implications of temporally and geographically realized energy use for electrified transportation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/82642

Colorado State University

21. Creary, Andron Kirk. Systems engineering casualty analysis simulation (SE-CAS), The.

Degree: PhD, Systems Engineering, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195415

► In this dissertation, we illustrate the use of the systems engineering casualty analysis simulation (SE-CAS). SE-CAS, inspired by the Army's need to detect, identify and… (more)

▼ In this dissertation, we illustrate the use of the systems engineering casualty analysis simulation (SE-CAS). SE-CAS, inspired by the Army's need to detect, identify and operate in areas contaminated by Chemical Warfare Agent (CWA), is a framework for creating chemical warfare simulations. As opposed to existing simulations which emulate simple cause-and-effect relationships, SE-CAS is developed using a systems thinking approach to dynamically represent interconnected elements during weaponized release of CWA. Through use of monte-carlo simulation methods, integrated dynamic analytic models, and NASA WorldWind® global display, SE-CAS provides the capability to visualize areas of chemical warfare agent dispersion, symptomology and exposure effects, and prescription of optimal survival factors within a common constructive environment. Supported by Colorado State University's Walter Scott Jr. School of Engineering and industry affiliates, SE-CAS is part of a larger research & development effort to expand industry modeling, simulation and analysis capabilities within Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosives (CBRN-E) discipline. SE-CAS is an open, parameterized simulation allowing the user to set initial conditions, simulation mode, parameters, and randomized inputs through a scenario editor. Inputs are passed through the simulation components and service layers. This includes: processor logic, simulation management, visualization and observer services. Data output is handled within the simulation display, as well as in text format for easy back-end analysis. The contributions of this dissertation: advanced the state of the systems engineering practice in modeling, simulation and analysis of chemical warfare agents during simulated military operations, created a robust systems engineering framework for creating chemical warfare simulations that is modular and customizable, developed a practical software solution to fill gaps in CBRN-E M&S tool offerings, integration of newly created dynamic models compatible with CBRN-E platforms, and formulated a roadmap for the application of Live, Virtual and Constructive training and operational planning for joint warfare integrated systems assessments. Advisors/Committee Members: Sega, Ron (advisor), Reisfeld, Brad (committee member), Young, Peter (committee member), Bradley, Thomas (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: CBRN-E; chemical warfare; casualty estimation; modeling; chemBio; SE-CAS

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APA (6^th Edition):

Creary, A. K. (2019). Systems engineering casualty analysis simulation (SE-CAS), The. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195415

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Creary, Andron Kirk. “Systems engineering casualty analysis simulation (SE-CAS), The.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195415.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Creary, Andron Kirk. “Systems engineering casualty analysis simulation (SE-CAS), The.” 2019. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Creary AK. Systems engineering casualty analysis simulation (SE-CAS), The. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195415.

Council of Science Editors:

Creary AK. Systems engineering casualty analysis simulation (SE-CAS), The. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/195415

Colorado State University

22. Malakoutirad, Mohammad. Design considerations for an engine-integrated reciprocating natural gas compressor.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88572

► This thesis presents the development of an engine retrofit concept to turn a ICE vehicle's engine into a compressor for convenient natural gas refueling, as… (more)

▼ This thesis presents the development of an engine retrofit concept to turn a ICE vehicle's engine into a compressor for convenient natural gas refueling, as opposed to building a smaller secondary standalone unit. More specifically, this project seeks to outfit an internal combustion engine (ICE) to serve the dual purposes of providing vehicle propulsion and compression for natural gas refueling with minimal hardware substitution. The principal objective of this thesis is to describe and analyze the dynamic and thermal design considerations for an automotive engine-integrated reciprocating natural gas (NG) compressor. The purpose of this compressor is to pressurize storage tanks in NG vehicles from a low-pressure NG source by using one of the cylinders in an engine as the compressor. The engine-integrated compressor is developed by making minor changes to a 5.9 liter displacement diesel-cycle automotive engine. In this design, a small tank and its requisite valving are added to the engine as an intermediate storage tank to enable a single compressor cylinder to perform two-stage compression. The resulting pressure in the compressor cylinder and storage tank is 25 MPa, equivalent to the storage and delivery pressure of conventional compressed NG delivery systems. The dynamic simulation results show that the high cylinder pressures required for the compression process create reaction torques on the crankshaft, but do not generate abnormal rotational speed oscillations. The thermal simulation results show that the temperature of the storage tank and engine increases over the safety temperature of the NG unless an active thermal management system is developed to cool the NG before it is admitted to the storage tanks. Results are then translated into vehicle-level operating costs and petroleum consumption for a dual-fuel NG-diesel vehicle. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas H. (advisor), Young, Peter (committee member), Olsen, Daniel (committee member).

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APA (6^th Edition):

Malakoutirad, M. (2014). Design considerations for an engine-integrated reciprocating natural gas compressor. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88572

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Malakoutirad, Mohammad. “Design considerations for an engine-integrated reciprocating natural gas compressor.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88572.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Malakoutirad, Mohammad. “Design considerations for an engine-integrated reciprocating natural gas compressor.” 2014. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Malakoutirad M. Design considerations for an engine-integrated reciprocating natural gas compressor. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88572.

Council of Science Editors:

Malakoutirad M. Design considerations for an engine-integrated reciprocating natural gas compressor. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/88572

Colorado State University

23. Fagerstone, Kelly Dawn. Measurement of direct nitrous oxide emissions from microalgae cultivation under oxic and anoxic conditions.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2011, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/46735

► Lifecycle assessments (LCA) of microalgae-based biofuels have demonstrated net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions, but limited data exist on direct emissions of GHG's from microalgae… (more)

▼ Lifecycle assessments (LCA) of microalgae-based biofuels have demonstrated net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions, but limited data exist on direct emissions of GHG's from microalgae cultivation systems such as open raceway ponds (ORP) or photobioreactors (PBR). For example, nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent GHG that has been detected from microalgae cultivation. However, N2O emissions have not been experimentally quantified to determine their impact on overall lifecycle assessment of the microalgae-to-biofuels process. Theoretical calculations using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change standards for terrestrial crops (1% of available nitrogen applied as fertilizer is converted to N2O) suggest the potential for significant levels of N2O from microalgae cultivation. In this study, microalgae species Nannochloropsis salina was cultivated with nitrate under conditions representative of PBR and ORP growth conditions with diurnal light-dark cycling. To examine the effect of dissolved oxygen on N2O emissions, experiments were conducted with an air headspace and nitrogen headspace, respectively. During these experiments N2O emissions were quantified utilizing Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry. Under a nitrogen headspace, N2O emissions were elevated during dark periods and minimal during light periods. Under an air headspace, N2O emissions were negligible for both the light and dark periods. The experimental results show that N2O production was induced by anoxic conditions with nitrate present in the growth media, suggesting that N2O was produced by denitrifying bacteria within the microalgal growth media. The presence of denitrifying bacteria was verified through PCR-based detection of norB genes, which encode bacterial enzymes that produce N2O. Furthermore, antibiotic treatments inhibited N2O emissions. Application of these results to LCA and potential strategies for management of growth systems to reduce N2O emissions are discussed. Advisors/Committee Members: Marchese, Anthony John, 1967- (advisor), Bradley, Thomas H. (advisor), De Long, Susan K. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: nitrous oxide; biofuel; greenhouse gas; lifecycle analysis; microalgae

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fagerstone, K. D. (2011). Measurement of direct nitrous oxide emissions from microalgae cultivation under oxic and anoxic conditions. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/46735

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fagerstone, Kelly Dawn. “Measurement of direct nitrous oxide emissions from microalgae cultivation under oxic and anoxic conditions.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/46735.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fagerstone, Kelly Dawn. “Measurement of direct nitrous oxide emissions from microalgae cultivation under oxic and anoxic conditions.” 2011. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Fagerstone KD. Measurement of direct nitrous oxide emissions from microalgae cultivation under oxic and anoxic conditions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/46735.

Council of Science Editors:

Fagerstone KD. Measurement of direct nitrous oxide emissions from microalgae cultivation under oxic and anoxic conditions. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/46735

Colorado State University

24. Fox, Matthew D. Assessment, design and control strategy development of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle for CSU's ecocar.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2013, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79045

► Advanced automotive technology assessment and powertrain design are increasingly performed through modeling, simulation, and optimization. But technology assessments usually target many competing criteria making any… (more)

▼ Advanced automotive technology assessment and powertrain design are increasingly performed through modeling, simulation, and optimization. But technology assessments usually target many competing criteria making any individual optimization challenging and arbitrary. Further, independent design simulations and optimizations take considerable time to execute, and design constraints and objectives change throughout the design process. Changes in design considerations usually require re-processing of simulations and more time. In this thesis, these challenges are confronted through CSUs participation in the EcoCAR2 hybrid vehicle design competition. The complexity of the competition's design objectives leveraged development of a decision support system tool to aid in multi-criteria decision making across technologies and to perform powertrain optimization. To make the decision support system interactive, and bypass the problem of long simulation times, a new approach was taken. The result of this research is CSU's architecture selection and component sizing, which optimizes a composite objective function representing the competition score. The selected architecture is an electric vehicle with an onboard range extending hydrogen fuel cell system. The vehicle has a 145kW traction motor, 18.9kWh of lithium ion battery, a 15kW fuel cell system, and 5kg of hydrogen storage capacity. Finally, a control strategy was developed that improves the vehicles performance throughout the driving range under variable driving conditions. In conclusion, the design process used in this research is reviewed and evaluated against other common design methodologies. I conclude, through the highlighted case studies, that the approach is more comprehensive than other popular design methodologies and is likely to lead to a higher quality product. The upfront modeling work and decision support system formulation will pay off in superior and timely knowledge transfer and more informed design decisions. The hypothesis is supported by the three case studies examined in this thesis. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas H. (advisor), Labadie, John (committee member), Zimmerle, Dan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: decision support systems; vehicle design; systems analysis; hybrid electric vehicles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fox, M. D. (2013). Assessment, design and control strategy development of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle for CSU's ecocar. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79045

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fox, Matthew D. “Assessment, design and control strategy development of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle for CSU's ecocar.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79045.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fox, Matthew D. “Assessment, design and control strategy development of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle for CSU's ecocar.” 2013. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Fox MD. Assessment, design and control strategy development of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle for CSU's ecocar. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79045.

Council of Science Editors:

Fox MD. Assessment, design and control strategy development of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle for CSU's ecocar. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/79045

Colorado State University

25. Blash, Derek M. Effects of a realistic hollow cathode plasma contactor model on the simulation of bare electrodynamic tether systems, The.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2013, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/81005

► The region known as Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) has become populated with artificial satellites and space debris since humanities initial venture into the region. This has… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: deorbit; electrodynamic tether; hollow cathode plasma contactor model; SimBETS; simulation; systems analysis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Blash, D. M. (2013). Effects of a realistic hollow cathode plasma contactor model on the simulation of bare electrodynamic tether systems, The. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/81005

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Blash, Derek M. “Effects of a realistic hollow cathode plasma contactor model on the simulation of bare electrodynamic tether systems, The.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/81005.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Blash, Derek M. “Effects of a realistic hollow cathode plasma contactor model on the simulation of bare electrodynamic tether systems, The.” 2013. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Blash DM. Effects of a realistic hollow cathode plasma contactor model on the simulation of bare electrodynamic tether systems, The. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/81005.

Council of Science Editors:

Blash DM. Effects of a realistic hollow cathode plasma contactor model on the simulation of bare electrodynamic tether systems, The. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/81005

Colorado State University

26. White, Wesley Gunnar. Modeling fuzzy criteria preference to evaluate tradespace of system alternatives.

Degree: PhD, Systems Engineering, 2018, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/191476

► This dissertation explores techniques for evaluating system concepts using the point of diminishing marginal utility to determine a best value alternative with an optimal combination… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: concept development; fuzzy mathematics; trade studies; decision science; business analytics; optimization

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APA (6^th Edition):

White, W. G. (2018). Modeling fuzzy criteria preference to evaluate tradespace of system alternatives. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/191476

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

White, Wesley Gunnar. “Modeling fuzzy criteria preference to evaluate tradespace of system alternatives.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/191476.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

White, Wesley Gunnar. “Modeling fuzzy criteria preference to evaluate tradespace of system alternatives.” 2018. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

White WG. Modeling fuzzy criteria preference to evaluate tradespace of system alternatives. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/191476.

Council of Science Editors:

White WG. Modeling fuzzy criteria preference to evaluate tradespace of system alternatives. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/191476

Colorado State University

27. Wagner, Justin Taylor. Evaluation of power-assist hydraulic and electric hybrids for medium- and heavy-duty vehicle applications.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84571

► Under pressure from rising fuel costs, emissions constraints, and new government regulations on medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, hybrid technologies for these classes of vehicles are… (more)

▼ Under pressure from rising fuel costs, emissions constraints, and new government regulations on medium- and heavy-duty vehicles, hybrid technologies for these classes of vehicles are becoming more prevalent. A variety of technologies have been proposed to meet these requirements including power-assist hybrid electric and hybrid hydraulic systems. Although there has been great discussion about the benefits surrounding each of the technologies individually, no direct comparisons are available on the basis of economics and fuel economy. This study focuses on comparing these power-assist technologies on these bases as well as determines the ability of these technologies to fulfill the newly adopted fuel economy regulations. In order to accomplish this goal, three computational models of vehicle dynamics, thermal behavior and fuel economy were created and validated to simulate the conventional vehicle and hydraulic and electric hybrids. These models were simulated over the Heavy-Duty Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule, the HTUF Class 4 Parcel Delivery Cycle, and the Orange County Bus cycle. These drive cycles were chosen on their ability to characterize the variety of operating conditions observed in medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. Using these models, cross technology comparisons were constructed comparing commercially available systems, systems with a fixed mass, and systems with a fixed incremental cost. The results of the commercially available systems showed that the Azure Dynamics HEV provided greater fuel economy improvement than the Lightning Hybrids HHV for drive cycle kinetic intensities less than 3.19 miles-1. Although this system showed a cost of fuel savings over the HHV, it was seen that the incremental cost of the HEV exceeded the cost of fuel savings over the HHV. The fixed mass comparison case, which compared vehicles with equal cargo carrying utility, showed similar results to that of the commercially available case. Although the increase in incremental cost for the varying HEV systems designed for the fixed mass case correlated to an improvement in fuel savings, the cost associated with the systems surpassed the savings seen. Lastly, the fixed cost case provided results which were also similar to the commercially available case. Due to the fixed system cost, it was seen that for these systems, the fuel economy benefits and associated cost showed the greatest benefits for the HEV. This study concluded that given the evaluation, the HEV was the only power-assist hybrid technology which could fulfill the regulated fuel economy improvement of 15%. Although the HEV was the only technology which could fulfill the requirements, the HHV showed an improvement upwards of 7% greater than the HEV for the Orange County Bus Drive Cycle. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas H. (advisor), Bandhauer, Todd M. (committee member), Sega, Ronald M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: electric; medium-duty; hydraulic; hybrid; heavy-duty

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wagner, J. T. (2014). Evaluation of power-assist hydraulic and electric hybrids for medium- and heavy-duty vehicle applications. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84571

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wagner, Justin Taylor. “Evaluation of power-assist hydraulic and electric hybrids for medium- and heavy-duty vehicle applications.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84571.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wagner, Justin Taylor. “Evaluation of power-assist hydraulic and electric hybrids for medium- and heavy-duty vehicle applications.” 2014. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Wagner JT. Evaluation of power-assist hydraulic and electric hybrids for medium- and heavy-duty vehicle applications. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84571.

Council of Science Editors:

Wagner JT. Evaluation of power-assist hydraulic and electric hybrids for medium- and heavy-duty vehicle applications. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84571

Colorado State University

28. Shoaei, Farnaz. Development of graphical user interface tools for optimal fluid management in shale oil and gas operations.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170286

► Oil and gas extraction is increasing in many parts of the country due to the use of hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing is a technique to… (more)

▼ Oil and gas extraction is increasing in many parts of the country due to the use of hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing is a technique to extract oil and gas from shale rock formations that is characterized by the input of large quantities of pressurized water into horizontal wells. The high pressure fluid generates cracks in the shale formation that release the gas, oil, and other constituents into the fluid. The fluid that returns to the surface is characterized as flowback or produced water. Flowback is defined as the water that returns to the surface prior to the initiation of oil or gas production and produced water refers to the post-production return water. There is widespread public and government agency interest in assessing the quantity and quality of water used in hydraulic fracturing to ensure environmental protection and public health. Optimal water management in hydraulic fracturing has the potential to (1) reduce freshwater use, (2) increase produced water recycle, (3) reduce energy expenditures from water transport, and (4) enhance safety and environmental protection in the development of natural gas and other petroleum resources. Improved management of water can enhance safety and environmental protection by minimizing impacts such as road damage, truck traffic, noise, air pollution, water pollution and landscape disturbance. Interactive management tools allow operators to increase water reuse and minimize the environmental risks of hydraulic fracturing. This research entails developing graphical user tools to optimize water management in shale oil and gas operations. The tools that were developed include (1) a Water Production Modeling Tool, (2) a Water Use Calculator, and (3) a Water Quality Tool. The tools are MATLAB executable files that can run without a MATLAB license. The output of these tools will provide information for users to predict wastewater production, water demand needed for treatment, and analyze water quality components such as contaminant concentrations. Advisors/Committee Members: Catton, Kimberly B. (advisor), Carlson, Kenneth H. (advisor), Bradley, Thomas H. (committee member).

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shoaei, F. (2015). Development of graphical user interface tools for optimal fluid management in shale oil and gas operations. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170286

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shoaei, Farnaz. “Development of graphical user interface tools for optimal fluid management in shale oil and gas operations.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170286.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shoaei, Farnaz. “Development of graphical user interface tools for optimal fluid management in shale oil and gas operations.” 2015. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Shoaei F. Development of graphical user interface tools for optimal fluid management in shale oil and gas operations. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170286.

Council of Science Editors:

Shoaei F. Development of graphical user interface tools for optimal fluid management in shale oil and gas operations. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170286

Colorado State University

29. Kurtz, Jennifer. Innovative hydrogen station operation strategies to increase availability and decrease cost.

Degree: PhD, Systems Engineering, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199762

► Major industry, government, and academic teams have recently published visions and objectives for widespread use of hydrogen in order to enable international energy sector goals… (more)

▼ Major industry, government, and academic teams have recently published visions and objectives for widespread use of hydrogen in order to enable international energy sector goals such as sustainability, affordability, reliability, and security. Many of these visions emphasize the important and highly-scalable use of hydrogen in fuel cell electric cars, trucks, and buses, supported by public hydrogen stations. The hydrogen station is a complicated system composed of various storage, compression, and dispensing sub-systems, with the hydrogen either being delivered via truck or produced on-site. As the number of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) on roads in the U.S. have increased quickly, the number of hydrogen stations, the amount of hydrogen dispensed, and the importance of their reliability and availability to FCEV drivers has also increased. For example, in California, U.S., the number of public, retail hydrogen stations increased from zero to more than 30 in less than 2 years, and the annual hydrogen dispensed increased from 27,400 kg in 2015 to nearly 105,000 kg in 2016, and more than 913,000 kg in 2018, an increase of nearly 9 times in 2 years for retail stations. So, although government, industry, and academia have studied many aspects of hydrogen infrastructure, much of the published literature does not address hydrogen station operational and system innovations even though FCEV and hydrogen stations have some documented problems with reliability, costs, and maintenance in this early commercialization phase. In general, hydrogen station research and development has lagged behind the intensive development effort that has been allocated to hydrogen FCEVs. Based on this understanding of the field, this research aims to identify whether integrating reliability engineering analysis methods with extensive hydrogen station operation and maintenance datasets can address the key challenge of station reliability and availability. The research includes the investigation and modeling of real-world hydrogen station operation and maintenance. This research first documents and analyzes an extensive dataset of hydrogen station operations to discover the state-of-the-art of current hydrogen station capabilities, and to identify performance gaps with key criteria like cost, reliability, and safety. Secondly, this research presents a method for predicting future hydrogen demand in order to understand the impact of the proposed station operation strategies on data-driven decision-making for low-impact maintenance scheduling, and optimized control strategies. Finally, based on an analysis indicating the need for improved hydrogen station reliability, the research applies reliability engineering principles to the hydrogen station application through development and evaluation of a prognostic health management system. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas (advisor), Willson, Bryan (committee member), Suryanarayanan, Siddharth (committee member), Ozbek, Mehmet (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: demand; hydrogen; station; fueling; availability; reliability

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kurtz, J. (2019). Innovative hydrogen station operation strategies to increase availability and decrease cost. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199762

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kurtz, Jennifer. “Innovative hydrogen station operation strategies to increase availability and decrease cost.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199762.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kurtz, Jennifer. “Innovative hydrogen station operation strategies to increase availability and decrease cost.” 2019. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kurtz J. Innovative hydrogen station operation strategies to increase availability and decrease cost. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199762.

Council of Science Editors:

Kurtz J. Innovative hydrogen station operation strategies to increase availability and decrease cost. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199762

Colorado State University

30. Grassian, David. Modelling and analysis of systems on offshore oil and gas platforms.

Degree: PhD, Systems Engineering, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199767

► This research examines oil and gas systems from the seemingly underutilized perspective of energy; this is counterintuitive since the energy content of hydrocarbon products is… (more)

▼ This research examines oil and gas systems from the seemingly underutilized perspective of energy; this is counterintuitive since the energy content of hydrocarbon products is its most distinguishing characteristic and the very reason why it is valued by society. It is clear that the amount of energy required to extract crude oil is increasing over time, at the long-term global level, and at the much shorter time span of individual fields. The global trend is a well-documented phenomenon and is related to the depletion of the most energetically favorable reservoirs and a coincidental growing global demand for energy. Concerning existing fields, it is often necessary to implement increasingly higher energy intensity methods to extract the remaining crude oil resources. These trends are the impetus for the industry to gain a better understanding of the relationship between the application of energy and the production of crude oil across a wide spectrum of production methods. Reservoir management and petroleum engineering are highly evolved and scientifically rigorous disciplines, but their practices and methods tend to circumvent the single most important, value-added, quality of hydrocarbon extraction systems, the actual energy recovered, which is the difference between the energy extracted and the energy applied. Therefore, the motivation for this research is to outline existing energy evaluation methods which can be applied to oil extraction systems, illuminate the elements of these methods which can provide the greatest practical advantage to the oil and gas industry, and last, but certainly not least, to demonstrate the pivotal role of energy in crude oil extraction systems. As such, case studies are developed for three small offshore oilfields. The techniques applied include the identification of appropriate boundaries for the system, subsystems and equipment items, the calculation of energy related balances at each level, the development of energy related performance indicators, and lastly, analysis of performance. Indicators, such as the Energy Intensity (EI) and the Energy Return on Investment (EROI), are derived for different levels of the crude oil extraction systems. The dimensionless EROI is the energy returned divided by the energy invested, while the thermodynamic EI is essentially the inverse of the EROI, although alternative dimensional EIs may also be applied on a commodity or process basis. The case studies begin by developing long term time-series EROIs for three oil fields, with breakdowns that take into account the construction, drilling and operational phases of each field. The results corroborated the work of other researchers that indicated that the energy required to produce crude oil at the individual field level increases over time. The calculated EROIs drop steeply in all three fields as the crude oil production declines and the production of associated formation water increases. The increasing energy intensity of the production operations phase tends to dominate the long-term EROI… Advisors/Committee Members: Olsen, Daniel (advisor), Bradley, Thomas (committee member), Carlson, Kenneth (committee member), Marchese, Anthony (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: energy; lifecycle analysis; recovery methods; hydrocarbons; electrical submersible pumps; oil and gas

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APA (6^th Edition):

Grassian, D. (2019). Modelling and analysis of systems on offshore oil and gas platforms. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199767

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Grassian, David. “Modelling and analysis of systems on offshore oil and gas platforms.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199767.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Grassian, David. “Modelling and analysis of systems on offshore oil and gas platforms.” 2019. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Grassian D. Modelling and analysis of systems on offshore oil and gas platforms. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199767.

Council of Science Editors:

Grassian D. Modelling and analysis of systems on offshore oil and gas platforms. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/199767

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