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Colorado School of Mines
1.
Siirila, Erica R.
On the interplay between scaling small-scale reactions, mixing, and aquifer heterogeneity: human health risk implications.
Degree: PhD, Geology and Geological Engineering, 2013, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78887 
► Given the rising number of groundwater contamination scenarios involving reactive solutes, understanding fundamental interactions between aquifer heterogeneity and solute transport is crucial in assessing human…
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▼ Given the rising number of groundwater contamination scenarios involving reactive solutes, understanding fundamental interactions between aquifer heterogeneity and solute transport is crucial in assessing human health risk. Aquifer heterogeneity is known to affect solute characteristics such as spatial spreading, mixing, and residence time, all of which may influence solute concentrations. Dispersion resulting from different scales of heterogeneity is examined, ranging from the local scale (sub-grid dispersion as small as a millimeter) to the regional scale (macrodispersion due to advection as large as tens of kilometers). Finely discretized, large extent aquifers are simulated stochastically to test for parameter sensitivity and to quantify uncertainty. Stochastic numerical simulations allow the flexibility to perform controlled experiments across a range of spatial and temporal scales, and are especially advantageous when applied to probabilistic risk assessment where statistically analyzing environmental conditions can be used to inform risk management decisions. For example, by varying the spatial persistence patterns of aquifer material, feedbacks between the degree of statistical anisotropy (i.e. aquifer stratification) and plume migration are observed and quantified. I demonstrate that both the degree of statistical anisotropy and the model of heterogeneity have significant impacts not only on uncertainty quantification of solute travel time and concentration parameters, but also uncertainty quantification of human health risk. Results show that the impact of local and small-scale reactions (such a kinetic sorption) up-scale and affect far field plume behavior, where the impact is largely a function of larger, maco-scale heterogeneities. The development of a framework for time dependent risk assessment (TDRA) is also presented, and highlights how hydro-geologic processes can be used to inform a risk assessment. In contrast to traditional, time independent assessments of risk, this new formulation relays information on when the risk occurs, how long the duration of risk is, and how risk changes with time. These results are especially pertinent for forecasting risk in time, and for risk assessors and managers who are assessing the uncertainty of risk. Finally, the communication difficulties in conveying technical information in post-normal science are discussed using the example of hydraulic fracturing, or fracking. The use of documentaries in opposing information campaigns is used as an illustration. In this example we show that these techniques, and specifically the focus on a "data battle" prevent a constructive dialogue between not only the opposing information campaigns within a debate, but also between the public and scientists or technical experts.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Aquifers; Hydrogeology; Health risk assessment; Risk communication; Communication in science; Hydraulic fracturing
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APA (6th Edition):
Siirila, E. R. (2013). On the interplay between scaling small-scale reactions, mixing, and aquifer heterogeneity: human health risk implications. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78887
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Siirila, Erica R. “On the interplay between scaling small-scale reactions, mixing, and aquifer heterogeneity: human health risk implications.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78887.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Siirila, Erica R. “On the interplay between scaling small-scale reactions, mixing, and aquifer heterogeneity: human health risk implications.” 2013. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Siirila ER. On the interplay between scaling small-scale reactions, mixing, and aquifer heterogeneity: human health risk implications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78887.
Council of Science Editors:
Siirila ER. On the interplay between scaling small-scale reactions, mixing, and aquifer heterogeneity: human health risk implications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78887
Colorado School of Mines
2.
Jasper, Cameron A.
Combined geophysical methods for mapping infiltration pathways at the Aurora water aquifer recharge and recovery site.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geophysics, 2014, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/488
► Although aquifer recharge and recovery systems are a sustainable, decentralized, low cost, and low energy approach for the reclamation, treatment, and storage of post-treatment wastewater,…
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▼ Although aquifer recharge and recovery systems are a sustainable, decentralized, low cost, and low energy approach for the reclamation, treatment, and storage of post-treatment wastewater, they can suffer from poor infiltration rates and the development of a near-surface clogging layer within infiltration ponds. One such aquifer recharge and recovery system, the Aurora Water site in
Colorado, U.S.A, functions at about 25% of its predicted capacity to recharge floodplain deposits by flooding infiltration ponds with post-treatment wastewater extracted from river bank aquifers along the South Platte River. The underwater self-potential method was developed to survey self-potential signals at the ground surface in a flooded infiltration pond for mapping infiltration pathways. A method for using heat as a groundwater tracer within the infiltration pond used an array of in situ high-resolution temperature sensing probes. Both relatively positive and negative underwater self-potential anomalies are consistent with observed recovery well pumping rates and specific discharge estimates from temperature data. Results from electrical resistivity tomography and electromagnetics surveys provide consistent electrical conductivity distributions associated with sediment textures. A lab method was developed for resistivity tests of near-surface sediment samples. Forward numerical modeling synthesizes the geophysical information to best match observed self-potential anomalies and provide permeability distributions, which is important for effective aquifer recharge and recovery system design, and optimization strategy development.
Advisors/Committee Members: Revil, André, 1970- (advisor), Singha, Kamini (committee member), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: infiltration; electromagnetics; temperature; self-potential; resistivity; permeability; Groundwater recharge – Colorado – Aurora; Seepage – Colorado – Aurora; Permeability; Electric conductivity; Earth resistance (Geophysics); Electromagnetism; Finite element method
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APA (6th Edition):
Jasper, C. A. (2014). Combined geophysical methods for mapping infiltration pathways at the Aurora water aquifer recharge and recovery site. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/488
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jasper, Cameron A. “Combined geophysical methods for mapping infiltration pathways at the Aurora water aquifer recharge and recovery site.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/488.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jasper, Cameron A. “Combined geophysical methods for mapping infiltration pathways at the Aurora water aquifer recharge and recovery site.” 2014. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Jasper CA. Combined geophysical methods for mapping infiltration pathways at the Aurora water aquifer recharge and recovery site. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/488.
Council of Science Editors:
Jasper CA. Combined geophysical methods for mapping infiltration pathways at the Aurora water aquifer recharge and recovery site. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/488
Colorado School of Mines
3.
Beisman, James.
Development of a parallel reactive transport model with spatially variable nitrate reduction in a floodplain aquifer.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2014, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/478
► Understanding the interactions between physical, geochemical, and biological processes in the shallow subsurface is prerequisite to the development of effective contamination remediation techniques, or the…
(more)
▼ Understanding the interactions between physical, geochemical, and biological processes in the shallow subsurface is prerequisite to the development of effective contamination remediation techniques, or the accurate quantification of nutrient fluxes and biogeochemical cycling. Hydrology has a primary control on the behavior of shallow subsurface environments, and must be realistically represented if we hope to accurately model these systems. ParCrunchFlow is a new parallel reactive transport model that was created by coupling a multicomponent geochemical code (CrunchFlow) with a parallel hydrologic model (ParFlow). These models are coupled in an explicit operator-splitting manner. ParCrunchFlow can simulate three-dimensional multicomponent reactive transport in highly-resolved, field-scale systems by taking advantage of ParFlow's efficient parallelism and robust hydrologic abilities, and CrunchFlow's extensive geochemical abilities. Here, the development of ParCrunchFlow is described, and the code is verified. The parallel performance is evaluated, and shows that ParCrunchFlow has the ability to simulate efficiently very large problems. A series of simulations involving the biologically mediated reduction of nitrate in a floodplain aquifer were conducted. These floodplain simulations show that this code enables us to represent more realistically the variability in chemical concentrations observed in many field scale systems. The numerical formulation implemented in ParCrunchFlow minimizes numerical dispersion, and allows the use of higher order explicit advection schemes. The effects that numerical dispersion can have on finely resolved, field scale reactive transport simulations have been evaluated. The smooth gradients that the first-order scheme produces create an artificial mixing effect, which decreases the spatial variance in solute concentrations, and leads to an increase in overall reaction rates. The work presented here is the first step in a larger effort to couple these models in a transient, variably saturated surface-subsurface framework, with additional geochemical abilities.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K. (committee member), Steefel, Carl (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Hydrologic models; Geochemical modeling; Mathematical models; Simulation methods; Groundwater; Water chemistry; Biogeochemistry
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APA (6th Edition):
Beisman, J. (2014). Development of a parallel reactive transport model with spatially variable nitrate reduction in a floodplain aquifer. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/478
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Beisman, James. “Development of a parallel reactive transport model with spatially variable nitrate reduction in a floodplain aquifer.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/478.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Beisman, James. “Development of a parallel reactive transport model with spatially variable nitrate reduction in a floodplain aquifer.” 2014. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Beisman J. Development of a parallel reactive transport model with spatially variable nitrate reduction in a floodplain aquifer. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/478.
Council of Science Editors:
Beisman J. Development of a parallel reactive transport model with spatially variable nitrate reduction in a floodplain aquifer. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/478
Colorado School of Mines
4.
Ibrahim, Hamed D.
Comparison of Fickian and temporally non-local transport theories using high resolution hydraulic conductivity from the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2013, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79462
► Subsurface solute transport models can be cost effective tools for predicting the transport of contaminants in groundwater. High resolution hydraulic conductivity (HRK) data obtained from…
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▼ Subsurface solute transport models can be cost effective tools for predicting the transport of contaminants in groundwater. High resolution hydraulic conductivity (HRK) data obtained from the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site is used to investigate the Advection-Dispersion (ADE) transport model, and the late-time predictions of the ADE model are compared with the late-time predictions of the non-Fickian time Fractional Advection-Dispersion (t-fADE) transport model. The field measured data show heavier tails in the late-time concentrations than the ADE transport model despite using HRK. On the other hand the t-fADE model performs better than the ADE model at predicting late-time concentrations, even when K is made coarser. Moreover, there is an increasing trend in the longitudinal dispersivity of the ADE model as K is made coarser.
Advisors/Committee Members: Benson, David A. (advisor), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member), Amery, Hussein A., 1958- (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: contaminant transport; upscaling; non-local; dispersivity; dispersion; Groundwater – Pollution; Transport theory; Hydrodynamics; Diffusion in hydrology; Mathematical models
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APA (6th Edition):
Ibrahim, H. D. (2013). Comparison of Fickian and temporally non-local transport theories using high resolution hydraulic conductivity from the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79462
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ibrahim, Hamed D. “Comparison of Fickian and temporally non-local transport theories using high resolution hydraulic conductivity from the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79462.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ibrahim, Hamed D. “Comparison of Fickian and temporally non-local transport theories using high resolution hydraulic conductivity from the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site.” 2013. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ibrahim HD. Comparison of Fickian and temporally non-local transport theories using high resolution hydraulic conductivity from the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79462.
Council of Science Editors:
Ibrahim HD. Comparison of Fickian and temporally non-local transport theories using high resolution hydraulic conductivity from the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79462
Colorado School of Mines
5.
Bandy-Baldwin, Kimberly M.
Investigation of groundwater-surface water interactions at selected sites along the Rio Grande using high frequency pressure observations.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2012, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/76833
► In the semi-arid southwestern United States, understanding the relationship between groundwater and surface water is important for sustainable water resources management. Albuquerque, NM, the largest…
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▼ In the semi-arid southwestern United States, understanding the relationship between groundwater and surface water is important for sustainable water resources management. Albuquerque, NM, the largest population center in the state of New Mexico, obtains water from the Santa Fe Aquifer Group and the Rio Grande; therefore interaction between these two connected water resources is particularly important for local legislators and regulators. The United States Geologic Survey (USGS) established the Middle Rio Grande Valley Monitoring Network to better quantify water resources in this area. High frequency pressure, high frequency temperature, geologic coring, and slug test data were collected at eight locations in the Albuquerque, NM area from 2003 to 2010. These data and the fully-integrated, physical hydrology model, ParFlow were used to model the Barelas cross-section in order to better understand the system's response to perturbations in river stage. Thirty-six ParFlow models were created assuming three different subsurface scenarios: homogenous, layered and correlated, Gaussian random field. The domain extent, spatial discretization, total run time, and topography were kept consistent between all scenarios. Seven hydraulic conductivity values and three specific storage values were tested. All ParFlow models were spun-up to ensure steady state conditions and simulated for the 2006-2007 water year. Model outputs were compared to corresponding physically observed values to determine goodness of model fit and to assess any trends in the data. Hydraulic conductivity and specific storage were shown to play very different roles in the model predictions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Benson, David A. (committee member), Cohen, Ronald R. H. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: NM; Albuquerque; groundwater-surface interactions; modeling; parameteric sensitivity; ParFlow; Rio Grande; Groundwater – New Mexico – Testing; Water quality – New Mexico – Testing; Stream measurements – New Mexico; Rio Grande (Colo.-Mexico and Tex.)
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APA (6th Edition):
Bandy-Baldwin, K. M. (2012). Investigation of groundwater-surface water interactions at selected sites along the Rio Grande using high frequency pressure observations. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/76833
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bandy-Baldwin, Kimberly M. “Investigation of groundwater-surface water interactions at selected sites along the Rio Grande using high frequency pressure observations.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/76833.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bandy-Baldwin, Kimberly M. “Investigation of groundwater-surface water interactions at selected sites along the Rio Grande using high frequency pressure observations.” 2012. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Bandy-Baldwin KM. Investigation of groundwater-surface water interactions at selected sites along the Rio Grande using high frequency pressure observations. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/76833.
Council of Science Editors:
Bandy-Baldwin KM. Investigation of groundwater-surface water interactions at selected sites along the Rio Grande using high frequency pressure observations. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/76833
Colorado School of Mines
6.
Kopytkovskiy, Marina.
Study of climate change impacts of the upper colorado river basin on water resources and hydropower production, A.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79023
► The Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB), comprised of the Colorado and Gunnison River basins, is regulated by 17 major reservoirs to provide water supply, flood…
(more)
▼ The Upper
Colorado River Basin (UCRB), comprised of the
Colorado and Gunnison River basins, is regulated by 17 major reservoirs to provide water supply, flood control, and hydropower. It is the prime water source for much of the western United States, as well as key wildlife and fish habitat. Climate change is an issue of concern on the basin due to the sensitivity of snow accumulation processes that dominate runoff generation within the region. Climate models project an average warming of up to 4 degrees F, coupled with a decline in precipitation falling as snow. There is no numerical consensus of the magnitude of change in precipitation, but there is general agreement that precipitation changes will be exacerbated by increased evapotranspiration rates, reducing overall runoff. This is expected to cause a decline in runoff and hydropower generation capacity. Potential impacts of climate change on the hydrology and water resources of the UCRB were assessed through a comparison of simulated stream flow, temperatures, and reservoir volumes and storage levels. Future climate conditions derived from climate centers: Meteorological Research Institute (MRI-CGCM2.3.2), Canadian Centre for Climate Modeling and Analysis (CGCM3.2 T47), and the Center for Climate System Research at the University of Tokyo with the National Institute for Environmental Studies and Frontier Research Center for Global Change (MIROC 3.2) under A2 and B1 emission scenarios were compared to historical conditions. From the joint venture of the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) and other research and university facilities, bias-corrected constructed dialogues (BCCA) daily downscaled precipitation and climate data was processed and used to drive the Watershed Analysis Risk Management Framework (WARMF) hydrologic model to simulate future changes in the UCRB. WARMF performs daily simulations of snow and soil hydrology to calculate surface runoff and groundwater accretion to river segments, lakes, and reservoirs. All model scenarios project a reduction in 21st century flows, though the magnitude varies with location and elevation. Results illustrate basin-wide temperature increases at low elevations, with extreme seasonality increasing at high elevation stations in future climate. Reservoir levels in Blue Mesa declined more than 70 per cent, but other reservoirs showed varying results dependent on location and climactic conditions. The resultant climate change scenarios will motivate adaptive watershed planning and management decisions and policies in response a changing climate and mitigate future concerns.
Advisors/Committee Members: Geza, Mengistu (advisor), McCray, John E. (advisor), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member), Zhou, Wendy (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: modeling; hydropower; hydrology; climate change; Climatic changes – Colorado River Watershed (Colo.-Mexico); Hydrology; Water-power – Colorado River Watershed (Colo.-Mexico); Colorado River (Colo.-Mexico)
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APA (6th Edition):
Kopytkovskiy, M. (2012). Study of climate change impacts of the upper colorado river basin on water resources and hydropower production, A. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79023
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kopytkovskiy, Marina. “Study of climate change impacts of the upper colorado river basin on water resources and hydropower production, A.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79023.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kopytkovskiy, Marina. “Study of climate change impacts of the upper colorado river basin on water resources and hydropower production, A.” 2012. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kopytkovskiy M. Study of climate change impacts of the upper colorado river basin on water resources and hydropower production, A. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79023.
Council of Science Editors:
Kopytkovskiy M. Study of climate change impacts of the upper colorado river basin on water resources and hydropower production, A. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79023
Colorado School of Mines
7.
Collins, Caitlin M.
Using an integrated hydrology model to elucidate plant water use in a headwaters research catchment.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172353
► Mountain headwaters are vulnerable to change. Increases in annual average temperature, changes in seasonal precipitation and drought stress will continue to alter the dynamics of…
(more)
▼ Mountain headwaters are vulnerable to change. Increases in annual average temperature, changes in seasonal precipitation and drought stress will continue to alter the dynamics of these delicate ecosystems. Despite its significance in the water budget, both the quantity and partitioning of evapotranspiration (ET) is poorly resolved. Restricted by discrete point observations, physical observations in mountain headwaters are challenging, limited by uncertainties and difficult to scale. Integrated, physically-based models are tools for dissecting the mechanisms driving evaporation and transpiration. Understanding mountain vegetation water use is an essential component for predicting the vegetative response to stress. This study is motivated by evidence of drought-induced tree mortality in some Sierran catchments, a high degree of uncertainty in mountain regolith groundwater storage, and the impacts of subsurface characterization on mountain ecohydrology (Holbrook et al. 2014; Jepsen et al. 2016). Using a physically-based integrated modeling approach, this study explores the role of lateral groundwater flow on the drought-tolerance of montane vegetation. Despite a 68.8% decrease in precipitation during the drought period, evapotranspiration only decreased by 26.5%. From the pre-drought period to the drought period the total change in groundwater storage decreased by 470%. Incorporating lateral groundwater flow increased transpiration partitioning (T/ET) from 44.9% to 59.0% in the pre-drought period and from 52.8% to 63.5% in the drought period. These results suggest that plant stress is mitigated under drought conditions because lateral flow of groundwater storage sustains transpiration.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Singha, Kamini (committee member), Constantine, Paul G. (committee member).
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APA (6th Edition):
Collins, C. M. (2018). Using an integrated hydrology model to elucidate plant water use in a headwaters research catchment. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172353
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Collins, Caitlin M. “Using an integrated hydrology model to elucidate plant water use in a headwaters research catchment.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172353.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Collins, Caitlin M. “Using an integrated hydrology model to elucidate plant water use in a headwaters research catchment.” 2018. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Collins CM. Using an integrated hydrology model to elucidate plant water use in a headwaters research catchment. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172353.
Council of Science Editors:
Collins CM. Using an integrated hydrology model to elucidate plant water use in a headwaters research catchment. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172353
Colorado School of Mines
8.
Thatch, Lauren M.
Untangling water management and groundwater extraction signals in the California Central Valley: an integrated hydrologic model and remote sensing synthesis approach.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172360
► Over the past century, groundwater levels in California’s San Joaquin Valley have dropped more than 30 meters in some areas due to excessive groundwater extraction…
(more)
▼ Over the past century, groundwater levels in California’s San Joaquin Valley have dropped more than 30 meters in some areas due to excessive groundwater extraction used to irrigate agricultural lands and feed a growing population. Between 2012 and 2016 California experienced the worst drought in its recorded history, further exacerbating this groundwater depletion. Due to lack of groundwater regulation, exact quantities of extracted groundwater in California are unknown and hard to quantify. We use a synthesis approach, combining modeling results from the integrated hydrologic model ParFlow-CLM with remote sensing data from NASA’s Gravity Recover and Climate Experiment (GRACE) to evaluate the impacts of water management activities on water storage in a highly managed agricultural system during drought. Using ParFlow-CLM with multiple groundwater extraction and irrigation simulations compared to total water storage anomaly (TWSA) estimates from GRACE data, we can constrain water table declines and begin to untangle the complicated impacts of individual water management activities on groundwater depletion. Additionally, using this approach we can evaluate how these water management activities changed throughout the drought to adapt to water shortages. Results from this study show that total groundwater extraction and irrigation volumes were the most critical simulation parameters for estimating annual total water storage changes. Temporal variability in groundwater extraction rates and irrigation were significantly less importance for estimating annual variations but were critical for evaluating seasonal variations in total water storage. Additionally, results showed that the simulated initial groundwater table configuration did not have a significant impact on total water storage changes within the model domain either annually or seasonally.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Trainor-Guitton, Whitney (committee member), Gilbert, James M. (committee member).
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APA (6th Edition):
Thatch, L. M. (2018). Untangling water management and groundwater extraction signals in the California Central Valley: an integrated hydrologic model and remote sensing synthesis approach. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172360
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Thatch, Lauren M. “Untangling water management and groundwater extraction signals in the California Central Valley: an integrated hydrologic model and remote sensing synthesis approach.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172360.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Thatch, Lauren M. “Untangling water management and groundwater extraction signals in the California Central Valley: an integrated hydrologic model and remote sensing synthesis approach.” 2018. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Thatch LM. Untangling water management and groundwater extraction signals in the California Central Valley: an integrated hydrologic model and remote sensing synthesis approach. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172360.
Council of Science Editors:
Thatch LM. Untangling water management and groundwater extraction signals in the California Central Valley: an integrated hydrologic model and remote sensing synthesis approach. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172360
Colorado School of Mines
9.
Ryken, Anna C.
Sensitivity and model reduction of simulated snow processes: contrasting observational and parameter uncertainty to improve prediction.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172341
► The hydrology of high-elevation, mountainous regions is poorly represented in Earth Systems Models (ESMs). In addition to regulating downstream water delivery, these ecosystems play an…
(more)
▼ The hydrology of high-elevation, mountainous regions is poorly represented in Earth Systems Models (ESMs). In addition to regulating downstream water delivery, these ecosystems play an important role in the storage and land-atmosphere exchange of water. Water balances are sensitive to the amount of water stored in the snowpack (snow water equivalent, SWE), as much of Colorado’s water supply is derived from snowmelt. In an effort to resolve this hydrologic gap in ESMs, this study seeks to better understand how uncertainty in both model parameters and forcing affect simulated snow processes. To better understand parameter uncertainty and asses model performance, this study conducts a sensitivity analysis, using active subspaces, on model inputs (meteorological forcing and static parameters) for both evergreen needleleaf and bare ground land cover types. Observations from an AmeriFlux tower at the Niwot Ridge research site are used to force an integrated single-column hydrologic model, ParFlow-CLM. This study found that trees can mute the effects of sublimation causing the evergreen needleleaf model to be sensitive primarily to hydrologic forcing; humidity in the winter, radiation and air temperature in the summer months. However, bare ground simulations were most sensitive to snow parameters along with radiation as these are unblocked by canopy. The bare ground model is most sensitive to overall changes to the linear combination of input parameters, which means radiation observations and snow parameterizations are of great importance for obtaining accurate hydrologic model results. Humidity measurements are also important, but the change in SWE of the evergreen needleleaf simulations was less than that of the bare ground simulations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Kroepsch, Adrianne (committee member), Singha, Kamini (committee member), Gochis, David (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: sensitivity analysis; modeling
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APA (6th Edition):
Ryken, A. C. (2018). Sensitivity and model reduction of simulated snow processes: contrasting observational and parameter uncertainty to improve prediction. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172341
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ryken, Anna C. “Sensitivity and model reduction of simulated snow processes: contrasting observational and parameter uncertainty to improve prediction.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172341.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ryken, Anna C. “Sensitivity and model reduction of simulated snow processes: contrasting observational and parameter uncertainty to improve prediction.” 2018. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ryken AC. Sensitivity and model reduction of simulated snow processes: contrasting observational and parameter uncertainty to improve prediction. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172341.
Council of Science Editors:
Ryken AC. Sensitivity and model reduction of simulated snow processes: contrasting observational and parameter uncertainty to improve prediction. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172341
Colorado School of Mines
10.
Penn, Colin Andre Kress.
Green to grey: numerical experiments to explain multi-scale hydrologic responses to mountain pine beetle tree mortality in a headwater basin.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2014, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/476
► The scaling behavior of mountain pine beetle (MPB) induced tree mortality impacts on a headwater hydrologic system were investigated using an integrated physical modeling framework…
(more)
▼ The scaling behavior of mountain pine beetle (MPB) induced tree mortality impacts on a headwater hydrologic system were investigated using an integrated physical modeling framework with a high-resolution computational grid. A Green Phase simulation and Grey Phase simulation with 36% impacted area, each with identical atmospheric forcing for a normal water year, were analyzed at multiple scales to examine the factors that control differences between them. Individual locations within the larger model were shown to maintain hillslope-scale processes affecting snowpack dynamics, total evapotranspiration, and soil moisture that are comparable to several field based studies and previous modeling work. At larger scales, the magnitude of MPB impacts were obscured due to compensating factors, and the role of unimpacted terrain influence was included. Increasing late-summer soil evaporation was shown to compensate for reduced transpiration in the Grey Phase, while overall snowpack dynamics were more dependent on elevation effects than MPB impacts. Annual water yield increased during Grey Phase simulations by 11%; an amount that would be difficult to assess with long-term gage observations due to inter-annual climate variability. The scaling behavior of MPB impacts show that effects on hydrology observed at the hillslope scale can be dampened when considering a larger and more dynamic system. This behavior may change under extreme conditions, e.g. increased total MPB impacted area or a water year with above average snowpack. The fine-scale resolution of this model has the ability to inform future observations and the inputs that regional-scale modeling should incorporate to better represent this dynamic system.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Clow, David W. (committee member), McCray, John E. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: headwater basin; mountain pine beetle; modeling; hydrology; Mountain pine beetle; Trees – Mortality – Colorado; Mountain watersheds – Colorado; Hydrologic models; Hydrologic cycle
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APA (6th Edition):
Penn, C. A. K. (2014). Green to grey: numerical experiments to explain multi-scale hydrologic responses to mountain pine beetle tree mortality in a headwater basin. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/476
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Penn, Colin Andre Kress. “Green to grey: numerical experiments to explain multi-scale hydrologic responses to mountain pine beetle tree mortality in a headwater basin.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/476.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Penn, Colin Andre Kress. “Green to grey: numerical experiments to explain multi-scale hydrologic responses to mountain pine beetle tree mortality in a headwater basin.” 2014. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Penn CAK. Green to grey: numerical experiments to explain multi-scale hydrologic responses to mountain pine beetle tree mortality in a headwater basin. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/476.
Council of Science Editors:
Penn CAK. Green to grey: numerical experiments to explain multi-scale hydrologic responses to mountain pine beetle tree mortality in a headwater basin. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/476
Colorado School of Mines
11.
Wolfenden, Sophia Arcadia.
Watering the Central Valley: modeling water flow and the affects of irrigation in the San Joaquin Valley, California using ParFlow.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2012, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/76847
► The goal of this study was to develop a model that could incorporate complex subsurface hydrogeology as well as a complex surface topography and to…
(more)
▼ The goal of this study was to develop a model that could incorporate complex subsurface hydrogeology as well as a complex surface topography and to complete a comparison study on the effects irrigation on terrestrial hydrology and energy budgets. This study uses ParFlow, an integrated hydrological model to determine regional flow, as well as to assess the effects that irrigation has on this system. This hydrologic model of the San Joaquin Valley of California was developed using static forcing based on climatology data and hourly distributed weather forcing data. The resulting model was composed of a domain of approximately 60,000 sq. km (269 by 219 km) at a 1km resolution run over a period of one water year using parallel processing. This work improves upon previous studies by applying a fully integrated hydrologic model on a finely discretized grid with an explicit treatment of both the valley and mountains.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Smits, Kathleen M. (committee member), Ferguson, Ian M. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: San Joaquin; Central Valley; hydrogeology; integrated modeling; irrigation; ParFlow; Hydrogeology – California; Irrigation – California – San Joaquin Valley; Drainage – California – San Joaquin Valley
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APA (6th Edition):
Wolfenden, S. A. (2012). Watering the Central Valley: modeling water flow and the affects of irrigation in the San Joaquin Valley, California using ParFlow. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/76847
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wolfenden, Sophia Arcadia. “Watering the Central Valley: modeling water flow and the affects of irrigation in the San Joaquin Valley, California using ParFlow.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/76847.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wolfenden, Sophia Arcadia. “Watering the Central Valley: modeling water flow and the affects of irrigation in the San Joaquin Valley, California using ParFlow.” 2012. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Wolfenden SA. Watering the Central Valley: modeling water flow and the affects of irrigation in the San Joaquin Valley, California using ParFlow. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/76847.
Council of Science Editors:
Wolfenden SA. Watering the Central Valley: modeling water flow and the affects of irrigation in the San Joaquin Valley, California using ParFlow. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/76847
Colorado School of Mines
12.
Corrigan, Rachel S.
Towards a better representation of the subsurface across the continental US: developing hydraulic conductivity datasets for integrated hydrologic models.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2019, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173031
► Groundwater is the largest source of accessible freshwater, accounts for over 30% of total water use worldwide, and is intrinsically connected to land-surface processes. Groundwater…
(more)
▼ Groundwater is the largest source of accessible freshwater, accounts for over 30% of total water use worldwide, and is intrinsically connected to land-surface processes. Groundwater flow is largely influence by hydraulic gradients and the properties of the porous media, such as hydraulic conductivity. The methods by which hydraulic conductivity is measured vary greatly among local, regional, and global scale measurements. Local-scale measurements can be made through borehole tests, and large-scale conductivity values are regularly regarded as the geometric mean of local-scale measurements. Effective conductivity values vary greatly with scale, leading to uncertainty in aggregated representations. Borehole and survey data gaps exist spatially which further exacerbated observational data limitations for informing aggregated estimates. This creates a scale dependent challenge that relies upon a variety of data types, each with its own inherent limitations. The work presented here improves current regional permeability estimations by developing a new continental-scale hydraulic conductivity product. A previously published approach for estimating hydraulic conductivity from morphologic patterns was adapted and extended to the continental US. The geometric mean value from the new hydraulic conductivity product are comparable to existing continental-scale datasets. The density distribution of values from the new product shows less bimodality than other products, though exhibits an East-West trend. This indicates that the methodology captures more heterogeneity in conductivity values than other methods. The product developed here joins a growing number of products that improve our hydrologic understanding of North America. It will serve as a community resource for populating large scale models which will improve our understanding of how water flows through the Earth’s crust.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Singha, Kamini (committee member), Zhou, Wendy (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: dataset; hydraulic conductivity; large-scale; groundwater; continental; hydrology
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APA (6th Edition):
Corrigan, R. S. (2019). Towards a better representation of the subsurface across the continental US: developing hydraulic conductivity datasets for integrated hydrologic models. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173031
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Corrigan, Rachel S. “Towards a better representation of the subsurface across the continental US: developing hydraulic conductivity datasets for integrated hydrologic models.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173031.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Corrigan, Rachel S. “Towards a better representation of the subsurface across the continental US: developing hydraulic conductivity datasets for integrated hydrologic models.” 2019. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Corrigan RS. Towards a better representation of the subsurface across the continental US: developing hydraulic conductivity datasets for integrated hydrologic models. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173031.
Council of Science Editors:
Corrigan RS. Towards a better representation of the subsurface across the continental US: developing hydraulic conductivity datasets for integrated hydrologic models. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173031
Colorado School of Mines
13.
Pryhoda, Moira Kate.
Chemical characterization and water quality implications of pine needle leachates from a mountain pine beetle infested watershed.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2014, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/474
► This study uses batch experiments to determine the evolution of pine needle leachate chemistry in a mountain pine beetle (MPB) infested watershed to better understand…
(more)
▼ This study uses batch experiments to determine the evolution of pine needle leachate chemistry in a mountain pine beetle (MPB) infested watershed to better understand the impact of mountain pine beetles (MPBs) on soil porewater and groundwater geochemistry. Green, red and gray pine needles are stripped directly from lodgepole pine tree branches and undergo four subsequent leaching increments. Needle leachates are analyzed for total organic carbon, metals, UV absorbance, fluorescence, and organic acids. These data show that precipitation pulse has more influence on concentration than needle water contact time. With increased precipitation pulse, concentrations, UV absorbance and fluorescence decrease. The chemistry of gray leachates is the most variable, likely due to a larger variability in the age of the needles compared to red and green needles. Metals release in appreciable amounts only in the first increment and TOC may have a relatively long lasting impact on soil porewater concentrations. pH tends to decrease slightly with infestation stage. In general, red and gray leachates have higher concentrations of organic acids than green leachates in an 8 hour experiment. Delayed citric and succinic acid release, and resulting high red leachate organic acid release over a 16 hour experiment, may be attributed to a time component in water needle contact time, rather than water pulse. UV absorbance and fluorescence data observe that green leachates have the highest overall aromaticity, and a tryptophan-like component or epicuticular waxes may also be present in the green leachate. Red and grey leachates have high concentrations of humic-like and fulvic-like (high molecular weight) organic acids. If these leachates are representative of the pine needle contribution to soil porewater composition from a MPB infested watershed, then pine tree death from MPB will lead to changes in soil pore waters, including increased potential of metal mobility related to increased dissolved organic carbon flux.
Advisors/Committee Members: Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K. (advisor), Sharp, Jonathan O. (committee member), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Mountain pine beetle; Pine needles; Leachate – Measurement; Decomposition (Chemistry); Water quality; Mountain watersheds
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APA (6th Edition):
Pryhoda, M. K. (2014). Chemical characterization and water quality implications of pine needle leachates from a mountain pine beetle infested watershed. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/474
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pryhoda, Moira Kate. “Chemical characterization and water quality implications of pine needle leachates from a mountain pine beetle infested watershed.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/474.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pryhoda, Moira Kate. “Chemical characterization and water quality implications of pine needle leachates from a mountain pine beetle infested watershed.” 2014. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Pryhoda MK. Chemical characterization and water quality implications of pine needle leachates from a mountain pine beetle infested watershed. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/474.
Council of Science Editors:
Pryhoda MK. Chemical characterization and water quality implications of pine needle leachates from a mountain pine beetle infested watershed. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/474
Colorado School of Mines
14.
Prugue, Rodrigo.
Identification of reducing conditions and correlated hydrological and biogeochemical properties in a heterogeneous floodplain aquifer.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2014, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/506
► Previous work has shown that subsurface heterogeneity plays a major role in the fate and transport of nutrients. Although many studies indicate the significance of…
(more)
▼ Previous work has shown that subsurface heterogeneity plays a major role in the fate and transport of nutrients. Although many studies indicate the significance of river-groundwater interactions, subsurface heterogeneity has generally been neglected. Furthermore, it has been shown that heterogeneous redox conditions, geology, water residence times, and microbial activity influence the speciation of carbon. Here we evaluate the correlation between physical and geochemical heterogeneity in a floodplain on the banks of the
Colorado River as part of the U.S. Department of Energy's Integrated Field Research Challenge (IFRC). Microbial activity and heterogeneous redox conditions have been shown to influence carbon cycling at the site which made it suitable for this study along with the availability of wells for sampling. The geochemical data along with hydraulic conductivity (K[subscript h]) from the samples were used to evaluate any that can influence carbon distribution, specifically with the use of cluster analysis and hypothesis testing. Analysis of this dataset indicates the presence of two distinct groups within the alluvium material, one of the groups with parameters, such as high total organic carbon (TOC), high bioavailable iron, and dark colored sediments, which indicate the presence of a naturally reduced zone (NRZ). However, K[subscript h] within some of these sediments was high (ex. 276.48 ft./day) which is in disagreement with the more common theme of reduced zones occurring within finer grained material. This suggests that K[subscript h] may not be the dominant factor in the distribution of these NRZs at the IFRC site. Knowing these correlations between geochemical and physical parameters will aid in future numerical models of nutrient cycling.
Advisors/Committee Members: Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K. (advisor), Spear, John R. (committee member), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: heterogeneous floodplains; biogeochemistry; statistical analysis; hydrology; Floodplains; Groundwater; Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry); Nutrient cycles; Cluster analysis
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APA (6th Edition):
Prugue, R. (2014). Identification of reducing conditions and correlated hydrological and biogeochemical properties in a heterogeneous floodplain aquifer. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/506
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Prugue, Rodrigo. “Identification of reducing conditions and correlated hydrological and biogeochemical properties in a heterogeneous floodplain aquifer.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/506.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Prugue, Rodrigo. “Identification of reducing conditions and correlated hydrological and biogeochemical properties in a heterogeneous floodplain aquifer.” 2014. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Prugue R. Identification of reducing conditions and correlated hydrological and biogeochemical properties in a heterogeneous floodplain aquifer. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/506.
Council of Science Editors:
Prugue R. Identification of reducing conditions and correlated hydrological and biogeochemical properties in a heterogeneous floodplain aquifer. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/506
Colorado School of Mines
15.
Sweetenham, Michael George.
Assessing the timing and magnitude of precipitation-induced seepage into tunnels bored through fractured rock.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2013, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78742
► Seepage into tunnels bored through fractured rock is a common occurrence that can cause significant problems for the construction process, tunnel longevity, and the regional…
(more)
▼ Seepage into tunnels bored through fractured rock is a common occurrence that can cause significant problems for the construction process, tunnel longevity, and the regional hydrogeology. Predictions of seepage using analytical solutions are often inaccurate due to the inherent assumptions and volumetric averaging of fractures. A conceptual model is first developed for this research by using the factors shown by previous studies to have control on net infiltration and seepage. An integrated hydrologic model, ParFlow is then used to investigate the control exhibited by these factors that include: climatic forcing; vegetation; soil type and depth; bedrock type; fracture spacing; and tunnel depth on the timing and magnitude of seepage into tunnels. A fracture continuum is generated for bedrock using FRACK, which maps discrete fracture networks to a finite difference grid with heterogeneous, anisotropic permeability fields. Simulations are run using hourly meteorological forcing over a two-year period. Surface and subsurface properties are varied individually to investigate the change in seepage response. Results show that fracture spacing, bedrock type, and overburden are particularly important pieces in obtaining reliable seepage estimates. Higher fracture spacing causes higher total seepage at a more constant rate than a lower spacing that exhibits a much larger range of fluctuation in seepage volumes. More permeable and porous bedrock actually increases lag times and seepage amounts that are observed to be relatively constant over time. Thicker and less conductive soils both increase lag times and reduce seepage magnitude.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Santi, Paul M. (Paul Michael), 1964- (advisor), Mooney, Michael A. (committee member), Singha, Kamini (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: tunnels; seepage; precipitation; fractures; Seepage; Tunnels; Hydrologic models; Hydrogeology; Rocks – Fracture; Soil permeability
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APA (6th Edition):
Sweetenham, M. G. (2013). Assessing the timing and magnitude of precipitation-induced seepage into tunnels bored through fractured rock. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78742
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sweetenham, Michael George. “Assessing the timing and magnitude of precipitation-induced seepage into tunnels bored through fractured rock.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78742.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sweetenham, Michael George. “Assessing the timing and magnitude of precipitation-induced seepage into tunnels bored through fractured rock.” 2013. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Sweetenham MG. Assessing the timing and magnitude of precipitation-induced seepage into tunnels bored through fractured rock. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78742.
Council of Science Editors:
Sweetenham MG. Assessing the timing and magnitude of precipitation-induced seepage into tunnels bored through fractured rock. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78742
Colorado School of Mines
16.
Knipper, Kyle R.
Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing.
Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170608
► Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key component of the water balance, especially in arid and semiarid regions, yet it remains one of the most difficult hydrologic…
(more)
▼ Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key component of the water balance, especially in arid and semiarid regions, yet it remains one of the most difficult hydrologic components to estimate. This dissertation research investigates and develops methodologies to estimate ET while minimizing the need for ground-based observations so as to make the final product easily transferable to ungauged basins located in arid and semiarid regions. Initial work investigates an application of a modified Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) triangle-based method to estimate ET in a sub-alpine environment in northern California. Results show positive bias at three of the four sites when compared to ground-based measurements, indicating issues related to water stressed conditions on overall ET estimation. This triangle concept is further utilized by exploring a downscaling approach through the combination of higher spatial resolution MODIS and lower spatial resolution AMSR2 (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2) and SMOS (Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity). Evaluation occurred in southern Arizona using AmeriFlux stations providing observed data with Version 2 of the National Land Data Assimilation Systems (NLDAS2) model providing additional comparisons. Results indicate a much improved spatial representation of soil moisture at the watershed scale. Downscaled soil moisture estimates were then used to scale potential evapotranspiration (PET) to ET. Derived ET estimates (MOD-SMET) are validated using four ground-based flux tower sites in southern Arizona USA, while also being compared to a calibrated empirical ET model as well as output from NLDAS2. Validation against observed ET indicates high correlations, with positive bias at upland sites and negative bias at a riparian site. MOD-SMET estimates compare well to the calibrated empirical ET model, while outperforming NLDAS2 simulations. MOD-SMET proves to be an effective alternative to more complex surface-atmosphere models for estimating actual ET. Moreover, the proposed methodologies used in all sections of the dissertation require no ancillary ground-based data, site specific calibration, or subjective specifications, allowing them to be transferable to ungauged basins located in water limited regions. Results of the dissertation contribute to better understanding of ET and soil moisture variability in semi-arid regions through development and application of improved spatial and temporal resolution remotely-sensed observations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Franz, Kristie (committee member), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member), Nissen, Edwin (committee member), McCray, John E. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: remote sensing; soil moisture; semiarid regions; evapotranspiration
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APA (6th Edition):
Knipper, K. R. (2016). Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170608
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Knipper, Kyle R. “Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170608.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Knipper, Kyle R. “Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing.” 2016. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Knipper KR. Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170608.
Council of Science Editors:
Knipper KR. Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170608
Colorado School of Mines
17.
Bogenschuetz, Nicole.
Effect of the mountain pine beetle on slope stability, soil moisture and root strength, The.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170418
► The mountain pine beetle (MPB) has caused significant tree mortality within North America. This work explores the impact of such unprecedented tree mortality on slope…
(more)
▼ The mountain pine beetle (MPB) has caused significant tree mortality within North America. This work explores the impact of such unprecedented tree mortality on slope stability. Within the first growing season following infestation, transpiration ceases; thus saturation increases, adding a driving force to slope failure. The increase in saturation was the primary driver for the decrease in the Factor of Safety. The hydrologic properties were modeled using ParFlow. As the trees and roots decay, the root tensile strength decreases by 0.2μPa within the first few years of mortality. The combination of the decrease in root tensile strength and the increase in saturation were used to assess the impact of MPB mortality on slope stability through examining changes in the Factor of Safety using an infinite slope model. From a sensitivity analysis, the largest change in the Factor of Safety (a decrease of 5%) was observed at the lowest angled hillslopes.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Bearup, Lindsay A. (advisor), Santi, Paul M. (Paul Michael), 1964- (committee member), Gianquitto, Tina (committee member).
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APA (6th Edition):
Bogenschuetz, N. (2016). Effect of the mountain pine beetle on slope stability, soil moisture and root strength, The. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170418
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Bogenschuetz, Nicole. “Effect of the mountain pine beetle on slope stability, soil moisture and root strength, The.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170418.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Bogenschuetz, Nicole. “Effect of the mountain pine beetle on slope stability, soil moisture and root strength, The.” 2016. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Bogenschuetz N. Effect of the mountain pine beetle on slope stability, soil moisture and root strength, The. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170418.
Council of Science Editors:
Bogenschuetz N. Effect of the mountain pine beetle on slope stability, soil moisture and root strength, The. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170418
Colorado School of Mines
18.
Hein, Annette.
Drought on the North American high plains: modeling effects of vegetation, temperature and rainfall perturbations on regional hydrology.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172337
► Drought is a natural disaster that may become more common in the future under climate change. It involves changes to temperature, precipitation, land cover or…
(more)
▼ Drought is a natural disaster that may become more common in the future under climate change. It involves changes to temperature, precipitation, land cover or all three variables. A high-resolution integrated hydrologic model of the High Plains explores the individual importance of each of these factors and the feedbacks between them. The model was constructed using ParFlow-CLM, which represents surface and subsurface processes in detail with physically based equations. Numerical experiments were run to perturb vegetation, precipitation and temperature separately, as well as a baseline scenario with no changes and two multi-factor scenarios. Less precipitation caused larger anomalies in evapotranspiration, soil moisture, stream flow and water table levels than did increased temperature or disturbed land cover. However, many mechanisms including lateral flow, antecedent soil moisture and scaling affected the details of model response, thus making the behavior of multi-factor runs complex.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Constantine, Paul G. (committee member), Kroepsch, Adrianne (committee member), Benson, David A. (committee member).
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APA (6th Edition):
Hein, A. (2018). Drought on the North American high plains: modeling effects of vegetation, temperature and rainfall perturbations on regional hydrology. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172337
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hein, Annette. “Drought on the North American high plains: modeling effects of vegetation, temperature and rainfall perturbations on regional hydrology.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172337.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hein, Annette. “Drought on the North American high plains: modeling effects of vegetation, temperature and rainfall perturbations on regional hydrology.” 2018. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Hein A. Drought on the North American high plains: modeling effects of vegetation, temperature and rainfall perturbations on regional hydrology. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172337.
Council of Science Editors:
Hein A. Drought on the North American high plains: modeling effects of vegetation, temperature and rainfall perturbations on regional hydrology. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172337
Colorado School of Mines
19.
Kenwell, Amy M.
Using geochemical indicators to distinguish high biogeochemical activity in the subsurface.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2015, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20112
► A better understanding of how microbial communities interact with their surroundings in physically and chemically heterogeneous subsurface environments will lead to improved quantification of biogeochemical…
(more)
▼ A better understanding of how microbial communities interact with their surroundings in physically and chemically heterogeneous subsurface environments will lead to improved quantification of biogeochemical reactions and associated nutrient cycling. This study develops a methodology to predict elevated rates of biogeochemical activity (microbial “hotspots”) in subsurface environments by correlating microbial community structure with the spatial distribution of geochemical indicators in subsurface sediments. Statistical hierarchical cluster analyses (HCA) of simulated precipitation leachate, HCl and hydroxylamine extractable iron, total organic carbon (TOC), and microbial community structure were used to identify sample characteristics indicative of biogeochemical hotspots within fluvially-derived aquifer sediments. The method has previously been applied to alluvial materials collected at a former uranium mill site near Rifle,
Colorado and this study introduces a new field site of relatively undisturbed floodplain deposits (soils and sediments) collected along the East River near Crested Butte,
Colorado. At the East River 46 soil/sediment samples were collected across and perpendicular to 3 active meanders and an oxbow meander. Results indicate a strong relationship between TOC and microbial DNA whereas the influence of metals as terminal electron acceptors is specific to the dominant terminal electron accepting process. Linear regression of log-transformed TOC and bulk microbial DNA for 34 East River shallow meander and 14 alluvial Rifle samples produces a preliminary empirical relationship. Applying the method to identify hotspots in both contaminated and natural floodplain deposits and their associated alluvial aquifers demonstrates the broad applicability of a geochemical indicator based approach.
Advisors/Committee Members: Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K. (advisor), Spear, John R. (committee member), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member), Hering, Amanda S. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: characterization; natural redox processes; subsurface heterogeneity; floodplain meanders; biogeochemical activity; soil geochemistry
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APA (6th Edition):
Kenwell, A. M. (2015). Using geochemical indicators to distinguish high biogeochemical activity in the subsurface. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20112
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kenwell, Amy M. “Using geochemical indicators to distinguish high biogeochemical activity in the subsurface.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20112.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kenwell, Amy M. “Using geochemical indicators to distinguish high biogeochemical activity in the subsurface.” 2015. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kenwell AM. Using geochemical indicators to distinguish high biogeochemical activity in the subsurface. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20112.
Council of Science Editors:
Kenwell AM. Using geochemical indicators to distinguish high biogeochemical activity in the subsurface. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20112
Colorado School of Mines
20.
Rodríguez-Jeangros, Nicolás.
Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions.
Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172139
► In recent decades, the Rocky Mountain (RM) region has undergone significant changes associated with anthropogenic activities, such as urbanization and forest logging for agriculture, and…
(more)
▼ In recent decades, the Rocky Mountain (RM) region has undergone significant changes associated with anthropogenic activities, such as urbanization and forest logging for agriculture, and natural disturbances, such as wildfires and bark beetle infestations. These changes have the potential to alter primary productivity and biomass carbon storage. Specifically, changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the RM streams are relevant because dissolved organic matter affects heterotrophic processes, acts as a source for the nutrient cycle, absorbs sunlight radiation, alters the transport of metals, and can promote the appearance of carcinogenic byproducts during water treatment. Specifically, recent studies have focused on the relationship between bark beetle infestations and stream organic matter, but have reached conflicting conclusions, possibly due to the small areas analyzed or an incomplete understanding of the processes that influence organic matter concentrations. Consequently, here we compile and process multiple datasets representing changes and features of the RM region for the period 1983-2012 with the purpose of assessing their relative influence on stream DOC concentrations. Land cover (LC) is especially important for modeling DOC. LC drives many environmental processes, so its assessment, monitoring, and characterization are essential. However, existing LC products each have different temporal and spatial resolutions and different LC classes and cannot be used for our goal of studying the large scale spatial-temporal variability of DOC. Here, we review the complexities of LC identification and propose a method for fusing multiple existing LC products to produce a single LC record for a large spatial-temporal grid, referred to as spatiotemporal categorical map fusion (SCaMF). We first reconcile the LC classes of different LC products and then present a probabilistic weighted nearest neighbor estimator of LC class. This estimator depends on three unknown parameters that are estimated using numerical optimization to maximize a user-defined agreement criterion. We illustrate the method using six LC products over the Rocky Mountains and show the improvement gained by supplying the optimization with data-driven information describing the spatial-temporal behavior of each LC class. Given the massive size of the LC products, we show how the optimal parameters for a given year are often optimal for other years, leading to shorter computing times. We implement the SCaMF methodology over a large region of the RM, encompassing sections of six states, to create a new LC product, SCaMF-RM. To do this, we adapt SCaMF to address the prediction of LC in large space-time regions that present nonstationarities, and we add more flexibility in the LC classifications of the predicted product. SCaMF-RM is produced at two high spatial resolutions, 30 and 50
m, and a yearly frequency for the 30-year period 1983-2012. When multiple products are available in time, we illustrate how SCaMF-RM captures relevant information from the…
Advisors/Committee Members: McCray, John E. (advisor), Hering, Amanda S. (advisor), Sharp, Jonathan O. (committee member), Hogue, Terri S. (committee member), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: forest disturbances; Rocky Mountains; water quality; land cover; categorical data; stream networks
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APA (6th Edition):
Rodríguez-Jeangros, N. (2018). Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172139
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rodríguez-Jeangros, Nicolás. “Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172139.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rodríguez-Jeangros, Nicolás. “Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions.” 2018. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Rodríguez-Jeangros N. Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172139.
Council of Science Editors:
Rodríguez-Jeangros N. Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172139
Colorado School of Mines
21.
Zhou, Jieyi.
Structure-constrained image-guided inversion of geophysical data.
Degree: PhD, Geophysics, 2015, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/17066
► The regularization term in the objective function of an inverse problem is equivalent to the "model covariance" in Tarantola's wording. It is not entirely reasonable…
(more)
▼ The regularization term in the objective function of an inverse problem is equivalent to the "model covariance" in Tarantola's wording. It is not entirely reasonable to consider the model covariance to be isotropic and homogenous, as done in classical Tikhonov regularization, because the correlation relationships among model cells are likely to change with different directions and locations. The structure-constrained image-guided inversion method, presented in this thesis, aims to solve this problem, and can be used to integrate different types of geophysical data and geological information. The method is first theoretically developed and successfully tested with electrical resistivity data. Then it is applied to hydraulic tomography, and promising hydraulic conductivity models are obtained as well. With a correct guiding image, the image-guided inversion results not only follow the correct structure patterns, but also are closer to the true model in terms of parameter values, when compared with the conventional inversion results. To further account for the uncertainty in the guiding image, a Bayesian inversion scheme is added to the image-guided inversion algorithm. Each geophysical model parameter and geological (structure) model parameter is described by a probability density. Using the data misfit of image-guided inversion of the geophysical data as criterion, a stochastic (image-guided) inversion algorithm allows one to optimize both the geophysical model and the geological model at the same time. The last problem discussed in this thesis is, image-guided inversion and interpolation can help reduce non-uniqueness and improve resolution when utilizing spectral induced polarization data and petrophysical relationships to estimate permeability.
Advisors/Committee Members: Revil, André, 1970- (advisor), Hale, Dave, 1955- (committee member), Sava, Paul C. (committee member), Tenorio, Luis (committee member), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: stochastic methods; regularization; electrical methods; inversion; image; Inversion (Geophysics); Tomography; Electric resistance; Interpolation; Tensor fields; Permeability
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APA (6th Edition):
Zhou, J. (2015). Structure-constrained image-guided inversion of geophysical data. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/17066
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhou, Jieyi. “Structure-constrained image-guided inversion of geophysical data.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/17066.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhou, Jieyi. “Structure-constrained image-guided inversion of geophysical data.” 2015. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Zhou J. Structure-constrained image-guided inversion of geophysical data. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/17066.
Council of Science Editors:
Zhou J. Structure-constrained image-guided inversion of geophysical data. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/17066
Colorado School of Mines
22.
Forrester, Mary Michael.
Understanding water fluxes through land, vegetation and air with coupled atmospheric and hydrologic modeling at extreme scales.
Degree: PhD, Geology and Geological Engineering, 2020, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174215
► The processes that govern the quality, quantity, and movement of water resources are a multifaceted and nonlinear system of interactions between the earth, the land…
(more)
▼ The processes that govern the quality, quantity, and movement of water resources are a multifaceted and nonlinear system of interactions between the earth, the land surface, vegetation, and the lower atmosphere. Recent advancements in computational efficiency and earth system modeling have awarded hydrologists with increasingly high resolution models of terrestrial hydrology, which are paramount to understanding and predicting these complex fluxes of moisture and energy. Extreme-scale (continental scale and above) hydrologic simulations are, in particular, of interest to the hydrologic community for numerous societal and operational applications. However, computational demand has traditionally necessitated some type of relaxed physical assumptions, usually by focusing physical realism on isolated components of the water cycle; for instance, land surface models as the lower boundary to meteorological models often simplify surface and subsurface hydrology, concentrating on the balance of radiation and surface turbulent fluxes but neglecting deep and lateral redistribution of soil moisture. Given the growing body of literature detailing the benefits of capturing coupled system exchange of moisture and energy, there is increasing demand for large-scale, high resolution models which simulate the hydrologic cycle as an integrated whole, from bedrock to land surface to atmosphere. This dissertation presents work towards fully-coupled, high-resolution hydrologic simulations at extreme scales. In these chapters, the importance of representing dynamic groundwater and lateral subsurface moisture redistribution is shown with regard to regional atmospheric modeling. Also discussed is the fidelity, uncertainty, and application of high-resolution, coupled-system hydrologic simulations at the continental scale. This work focuses on the connection between groundwater and atmosphere, demonstrates the importance of hydrologic representation in meteorological and remote sensing applications, and implicates the use of continental-scale hydrologic models to better understand the processes that govern our invaluable water resources.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K. (committee member), Pankavich, Stephen (committee member), Kroepsch, Adrianne (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: computational; land surface; atmosphere; modeling; groundwater
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APA (6th Edition):
Forrester, M. M. (2020). Understanding water fluxes through land, vegetation and air with coupled atmospheric and hydrologic modeling at extreme scales. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174215
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Forrester, Mary Michael. “Understanding water fluxes through land, vegetation and air with coupled atmospheric and hydrologic modeling at extreme scales.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174215.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Forrester, Mary Michael. “Understanding water fluxes through land, vegetation and air with coupled atmospheric and hydrologic modeling at extreme scales.” 2020. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Forrester MM. Understanding water fluxes through land, vegetation and air with coupled atmospheric and hydrologic modeling at extreme scales. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174215.
Council of Science Editors:
Forrester MM. Understanding water fluxes through land, vegetation and air with coupled atmospheric and hydrologic modeling at extreme scales. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174215
Colorado School of Mines
23.
Foster, Lauren.
Modeling climate change impacts to Rocky Mountain headwater hydrology.
Degree: PhD, Geology and Geological Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172568
► Rocky Mountain headwater catchments provide 85% of Colorado River streamflow and also feed the large Arkansas and Platte River basins. The continued growth of cities…
(more)
▼ Rocky Mountain headwater catchments provide 85% of
Colorado River streamflow and also feed the large Arkansas and Platte River basins. The continued growth of cities from California to Arkansas depends on reliable export from these topographically complex basins. Despite consensus that high-elevation headwaters are more sensitive to climate warming, most models used to predict climate impacts to downstream basins are known to perform poorly in these regions. Here we use an integrated model to better understand the main hydrological drivers of hydrology that are affected by increases in temperature in mountain regions- shifts from snow to rain and increases in energy, finding that energy budget changes dominate impacts to streamflow export. We present a new method to develop scale-effective parameterizations of hydraulic conductivity in topographically complex regions for use in integrated modeling applications that are limited by computational demand. Finally, we compare climate impact predictions across modeling resolutions to understand the limitations of coarse-resolution, simplified models to predict streamflow export from Rocky Mountain headwaters. Our results highlight the importance of idealized model experiments and model development to understand headwater hydrology in a future climate. Furthermore, they suggest that the models used currently may underestimate climate-induced reductions to streamflow generated in the Rocky Mountains.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Singha, Kamini (committee member), Fogg, Graham E. (committee member), Mitcham, Carl (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Colorado River Basin; modeling; scaling; headwater; climate change; resolution
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APA (6th Edition):
Foster, L. (2018). Modeling climate change impacts to Rocky Mountain headwater hydrology. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172568
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Foster, Lauren. “Modeling climate change impacts to Rocky Mountain headwater hydrology.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172568.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Foster, Lauren. “Modeling climate change impacts to Rocky Mountain headwater hydrology.” 2018. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Foster L. Modeling climate change impacts to Rocky Mountain headwater hydrology. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172568.
Council of Science Editors:
Foster L. Modeling climate change impacts to Rocky Mountain headwater hydrology. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172568
Colorado School of Mines
24.
Jefferson, Jennifer L.
Exploring sensitivities of latent heat parameterizations using a coupled, integrated hydrologic model.
Degree: PhD, Geology and Geological Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170080
► Evapotranspiration and its energy counterpart latent heat flux are critical components of the terrestrial water and energy balances. Precipitation, runoff, condensation and groundwater flow are…
(more)
▼ Evapotranspiration and its energy counterpart latent heat flux are critical components of the terrestrial water and energy balances. Precipitation, runoff, condensation and groundwater flow are also significant members of the hydrologic cycle, but it is evapotranspiration that links water in the subsurface to water on the land surface or in the atmosphere. Hydrologic models use parameterizations to represent the physical and physiological processes of evaporation and transpiration, respectively. These parameterizations assume some mathematical structure and require that values of certain parameters be assigned; however, questions remain regarding how changes in each of these two aspects translate to output quantities of interest. Quantifying the sensitivity of model outputs to structure and input value decisions is important to understand a model’s behavior and response to changes. This dissertation explores sensitivities associated with evaporation and transpiration parameterizations within the ParFlow-Common Land Model through systematic comparisons and the application of a new sensitivity analysis method called active subspaces. Results indicate that model sensitivities vary throughout the year. For bare ground evaporation, parameterization structure affects both the magnitude and behavior of annual estimates. Including complexities associated with atmospheric stability influences evaporation behavior the most under water-limited conditions. For a vegetated surface, important input parameters used to compute the rate of transpiration vary seasonally and diurnally. Further analysis uncovers unique relationships between input and output quantities associated with evaporation and transpiration. For example, ground temperature and bare ground evaporation exhibit a parabolic relationship where similar points group together based on seasonal values of subsurface pressure, specific humidity and air temperature. The input-output relationship discovered using the active subspace method changes in time and suggests that transpiration estimates are more sensitive to changes in important parameter values during midday summer time hours.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Singha, Kamini (committee member), McCray, John E. (committee member), Wood, Brian (committee member), Constantine, Paul G. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: hydrology; latent heat; model; PF-CLM; sensitivity
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APA (6th Edition):
Jefferson, J. L. (2016). Exploring sensitivities of latent heat parameterizations using a coupled, integrated hydrologic model. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170080
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jefferson, Jennifer L. “Exploring sensitivities of latent heat parameterizations using a coupled, integrated hydrologic model.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170080.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jefferson, Jennifer L. “Exploring sensitivities of latent heat parameterizations using a coupled, integrated hydrologic model.” 2016. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Jefferson JL. Exploring sensitivities of latent heat parameterizations using a coupled, integrated hydrologic model. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170080.
Council of Science Editors:
Jefferson JL. Exploring sensitivities of latent heat parameterizations using a coupled, integrated hydrologic model. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170080
Colorado School of Mines
25.
Sanders, Michael.
Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2014, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/469
► Stream temperature is becoming a very important factor in water quality and the health of many aquatic ecosystems. Computer modeling software can help predict the…
(more)
▼ Stream temperature is becoming a very important factor in water quality and the health of many aquatic ecosystems. Computer modeling software can help predict the response of watershed and stream systems to changes in climate or other conditions. This thesis project concerns the development of a new module for the deterministic prediction of stream temperature within the United States Geological Survey's (USGS) Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) watershed surface hydrology model. This module is based on the solution found in the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Stream Network Temperature model (SNTemp), coupled with PRMS meteorologic and hydrologic inputs. The module is called within PRMS to predict average daily stream temperature values. The model was validated in the Potato Creek watershed and matched all parameters of a regression curve fit of natural data to within 6 percent with a determination coefficient (R[superscript 2]) of .77. A sensitivity analysis run using the Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Testing (FAST) technique suggested that the most sensitive factors are solar radiation, air temperature, and rainfall amount. It was concluded that these will be the strongest factors in terms of propagation of errors in the model.
Advisors/Committee Members: Benson, David A. (advisor), Markstrom, Steven L. (advisor), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member), Hogue, Terri S. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: SNTemp; PRMS; stream temperature; Water temperature – Forecasting – Computer simulation – Testing; Water temperature – Mathematical models; Water temperature – Environmental aspects; Watershed hydrology
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Sanders, M. (2014). Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/469
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sanders, Michael. “Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/469.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sanders, Michael. “Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program.” 2014. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Sanders M. Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/469.
Council of Science Editors:
Sanders M. Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/469
Colorado School of Mines
26.
Stumb, Morgan Elizabeth.
Examination of solute transport in highly heterogeneous media at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site, Columbus, MS.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2013, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79464
► The Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site in Columbus, MS was developed to examine the reliability and predictive power of macrodispersion transport theories, used to describe the…
(more)
▼ The Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site in Columbus, MS was developed to examine the reliability and predictive power of macrodispersion transport theories, used to describe the hydrodynamic spreading of solutes at the field-scale. Prior to the initial investigation reported in 1992, it was believed that the classical advection dispersion equation (ADE) was a valid model for solute transport if the subsurface hydraulic conductivity (K) was sufficiently characterized. However, the injected plume at the MADE Site displayed anomalous behavior and the classical ADE was unable to capture the early arrival time and the heavy tailing seen in the heterogeneous aquifer. At highly heterogeneous sites tracer often returns quickly after extraction begins. This quick arrival of tracer creates an early peak, likely a result of channelized preferential flow paths. Heterogeneous sites also display late-time heavy tails, which seemingly represent low K zones or dead-end pores where dissolved solute becomes relatively immobile. The resultant asymmetric breakthrough curves (BTC) led some investigators to show that non-local models may be more appropriate for modelling transport within the MADE aquifer. A temporal non-local model, the time fractional advection dispersion equation (t-FADE) may be more suitable for highly heterogeneous media because it is capable of matching the power-law tails exhibited in the MADE BTCs. This work aims to examine the accuracy of the ADE and t-FADE for the singlewell injection-withdrawal (SWIW) test conducted by Liu et al. (2010). The SWIW test was completed in the Intensively Cored Area (ICA), and used the conservative tracer NaBr. Within this area there were 4,962 recorded K values, with samples retrieved every 1.5 cm from 9 cores. This study is unique in that two components will be investigated: (1) the inclusion of the vadose zone which is often neglected in unconfined aquifers, and (2) examination of various subsurface configurations from a homogeneous domain to a detailed K-field. The inclusion of the vadose zone may account for the lowering of the water table during the extraction phase, seen in other modelling efforts (Liu et al., 2010 and Ronayne et al., 2010), and tracer being trapped in previously unsaturated areas. Also, the effects of refining the K detail will be examined, i.e., what improvements does each simulation gain by increasing the fineness of the K.
Advisors/Committee Members: Benson, David A. (advisor), Santi, Paul M. (Paul Michael), 1964- (committee member), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: solute; modeling; breakthrough curve; Macrodispersion Experiment Site; heterogeneous; Groundwater flow; Transport theory; Zone of aeration; Groundwater tracers
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APA (6th Edition):
Stumb, M. E. (2013). Examination of solute transport in highly heterogeneous media at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site, Columbus, MS. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79464
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Stumb, Morgan Elizabeth. “Examination of solute transport in highly heterogeneous media at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site, Columbus, MS.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79464.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Stumb, Morgan Elizabeth. “Examination of solute transport in highly heterogeneous media at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site, Columbus, MS.” 2013. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Stumb ME. Examination of solute transport in highly heterogeneous media at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site, Columbus, MS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79464.
Council of Science Editors:
Stumb ME. Examination of solute transport in highly heterogeneous media at the Macrodispersion Experiment (MADE) Site, Columbus, MS. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/79464
Colorado School of Mines
27.
Ulrich, Bridget A.
Biochar-amended biofilters for removal of trace organic contaminants from stormwater.
Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170617
► Urban runoff has degraded water quality by transporting harmful contaminants to receiving waters. Low Impact Development (LID) systems have emerged as a popular approach to…
(more)
▼ Urban runoff has degraded water quality by transporting harmful contaminants to receiving waters. Low Impact Development (LID) systems have emerged as a popular approach to protect water quality, but are less effective for removal of polar trace organic contaminants (TOrCs). Amendment of LID systems with biochar could enhance the sorptive removal of TOrCs, but system lifetime may be limited if TOrCs leach from exhausted media. TOrC accumulation could potentially be prevented by stimulating biodegradation in biochar-amended biofilters: these systems could contain an upper layer of vegetation and bioretention media to stimulate biodegradation, and a lower layer of biochar-amended sand to enhance sorption. The objective of this dissertation was to assess the effectiveness of biochar-amended biofilters for removal of TOrCs from stormwater. Three research efforts were undertaken to evaluate (Chapter 2) abiotic TOrC removal processes, (Chapter 3) biological TOrC removal processes, and (Chapter 4) overall TOrC removal in vegetated biofilter columns under intermittent flow. Chapter 2 revealed that biochar-amended infiltration systems may retain TOrCs by sorption for multiple years (indicated by conservative forward predictions from a calibrated and verified transport model); but that additional biological removal processes may be necessary to achieve a desired system lifetime of 10-15 years. Microcosm experiments in Chapter 3 revealed that the presence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from biodegradable carbon sources enhanced the TOrC-degrading activity of a representative runoff microbial consortium. Further, greater TOrC removal was observed for biologically active, biochar-amended columns than for biologically inhibited controls; indicating the potential for biological processes to prevent TOrC accumulation in larger-scale systems. Finally, vegetated biofilter column experiments in Chapter 4 revealed improved TOrC removal in biochar-amended columns relative to conventional configurations: remarkably, biochar-amended biofilter columns maintained >99% TOrC removal throughout treatment of the equivalent of greater than a year’s worth of runoff volume. The results of this dissertation motivate further efforts for long-term evaluation of larger-scale systems. These efforts may lead to significant improvements in urban water quality; potentially by providing performance data and design guidelines for practitioners, and informing efforts to establish TOrC discharge regulations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Higgins, Christopher P. (advisor), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member), Smits, Kathleen M. (committee member), Sharp, Jonathan O. (committee member), Sedlak, David (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: biodegradation; runoff; stormwater; pesticides; biochar; sorption
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APA (6th Edition):
Ulrich, B. A. (2016). Biochar-amended biofilters for removal of trace organic contaminants from stormwater. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170617
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ulrich, Bridget A. “Biochar-amended biofilters for removal of trace organic contaminants from stormwater.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170617.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ulrich, Bridget A. “Biochar-amended biofilters for removal of trace organic contaminants from stormwater.” 2016. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ulrich BA. Biochar-amended biofilters for removal of trace organic contaminants from stormwater. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170617.
Council of Science Editors:
Ulrich BA. Biochar-amended biofilters for removal of trace organic contaminants from stormwater. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170617
Colorado School of Mines
28.
Morse, Michael S.
Field and laboratory investigations of variably saturated, potential landslides.
Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170313
► Rainfall-induced landslides and debris-flows are calamitous natural hazards that are difficult to predict. Point measurement surveys of subsurface hydro-mechanical properties are often used alongside slope…
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▼ Rainfall-induced landslides and debris-flows are calamitous natural hazards that are difficult to predict. Point measurement surveys of subsurface hydro-mechanical properties are often used alongside slope stability assessments to predict landslide occurrence. However, such surveys can be tedious and costly in the field scale, and invasive in the laboratory scale. Presented here are newly applied remote sensing techniques intended to improve slope stability characterization methods at a variety of scales. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was used to quickly estimate soil thickness over a steep (33–40°) zero-order basin in the Oregon Coast Range. After characterizing the hydroelectrical properties at the study site, Depth-to-bedrock was interpreted from the geophysical dataset with a root mean squared error of 27 cm compared to point measurements. In the laboratory scale, a particle image velocimetry (PIV) tool was used to observe shear plane development and strain localization in a tabletop vertical cut slope simulator prior to slope failure. A vertical sliding trap door was gradually removed until the slope failed abruptly, and digital images were taken concurrently for the PIV analyses. Areas of maximum strain localization were found to coincide with the location of the eventual failure plane, showing the PIV technique can be used to detect developing shear planes in the soil. Furthermore, Culmann’s Method, a commonly used two-dimensional critical height analysis, was extended to three dimensions and for use in unsaturated soils. Experimental failure heights agreed with the extended theory (within 14.3% relative error) for a range of soil moisture content and cut slope widths, compared to an 88.5% error without the three-dimensional correction. Using the extended theory, a theoretical threshold was also proposed and tested for sidewall width influence on laboratory cut slope failures.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lu, Ning, 1960- (advisor), Godt, Jonathan W. (advisor), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member), McCray, John E. (committee member), Wayllace, Alexandra (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: cut slope; landslides; particle image velocimetry; resistivity; suction stress; unsaturated soil
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APA (6th Edition):
Morse, M. S. (2016). Field and laboratory investigations of variably saturated, potential landslides. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170313
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Morse, Michael S. “Field and laboratory investigations of variably saturated, potential landslides.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170313.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Morse, Michael S. “Field and laboratory investigations of variably saturated, potential landslides.” 2016. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Morse MS. Field and laboratory investigations of variably saturated, potential landslides. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170313.
Council of Science Editors:
Morse MS. Field and laboratory investigations of variably saturated, potential landslides. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170313
Colorado School of Mines
29.
Ding, Dong.
Application of the Lagrangian particle-tracking method to simulating mixing-limited, field-scale biodegradation.
Degree: PhD, Geology and Geological Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170610
► Measured (or fitted) reaction rates at field-scale sites are commonly observed significantly lower than batch-scale rates. The reduced rates are usually attributed to poor mixing…
(more)
▼ Measured (or fitted) reaction rates at field-scale sites are commonly observed significantly lower than batch-scale rates. The reduced rates are usually attributed to poor mixing of reactants. In this study, the Lagrangian particle tracking and reaction (PTR) method is used to characterize the effect of mixing for different types of reactions at a range of scales (from laboratory columns to field-scale tests). In the PTR method, the reactants are represented by particles. The particle/particle reactions are determined by a combination of two probabilities: 1) the physics of transport and 2) the energetics of reaction. The first is a direct physical representation of the degree of mixing in an advancing interface between dissimilar waters, and as such lacks empirical parameters except for the user-defined number of particles, which can be determined from concentration autocovariance. First, the PTR method is used to simulate two column experiments of bimolecular reaction and transport. When compared to the solution of the advection-dispersion-reaction equation (ADRE), the experiments and the PTR simulations showed on the order of 20% to 40% less overall product, which is attributed to poor mixing. The poor mixing also leads to higher product concentrations on the edges of the mixing zones. Second, the PTR method is extended to biodegradation, which is commonly characterized by Michaelis-Menten (Monod) (
M-M) chemical kinetics. The PTR method not only matches the
M-M equation under ideal conditions, but also captures the characteristics of non-ideal conditions such as imperfect mixing, disequilibrium, and limited availability of biologically active sites. These features are shown using hypothetical systems and are also successfully applied to a column study of carbon tetrachloride (CT) biodegradation. Finally, the extended PTR method is used to simulate a field bioremediation project at the Schoolcraft, Michigan site. The remediation was conducted by injecting a denitrifying bacterium, along with sufficient substrate, into the aquifer to degrade a plume of CT. Comparisons between simulated results and field measurements indicate that, unlike previous applications of the ADRE, the PTR method is able to match the field-scale experiment using the rate coefficients from batch experiments.
Advisors/Committee Members: Benson, David A. (advisor), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member), Sharp, Jonathan O. (committee member), Munakata Marr, Junko (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: field scale; Michaelis–Menten kinetics; biodegradation; reactive transport; Lagrangian particle method
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Ding, D. (2016). Application of the Lagrangian particle-tracking method to simulating mixing-limited, field-scale biodegradation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170610
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ding, Dong. “Application of the Lagrangian particle-tracking method to simulating mixing-limited, field-scale biodegradation.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170610.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ding, Dong. “Application of the Lagrangian particle-tracking method to simulating mixing-limited, field-scale biodegradation.” 2016. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ding D. Application of the Lagrangian particle-tracking method to simulating mixing-limited, field-scale biodegradation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170610.
Council of Science Editors:
Ding D. Application of the Lagrangian particle-tracking method to simulating mixing-limited, field-scale biodegradation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170610
Colorado School of Mines
30.
Forrester, Mary Michael.
Ecohydrologic response and atmospheric feedbacks from beetle-induced transpiration losses in the Colorado headwaters.
Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170459
► The mountain pine beetle (MPB), Dendroctonus ponderosae, has resulted in the largest recorded tree mortality caused by insect in North America. Existing literature has documented…
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▼ The mountain pine beetle (MPB), Dendroctonus ponderosae, has resulted in the largest recorded tree mortality caused by insect in North America. Existing literature has documented complex ecohydrologic response to infestation-induced transpiration losses, including changes to local soil moisture, snow accumulation and ablation, evapotranspiration partitioning, groundwater storage, and the surface energy budget. Potential atmospheric feedbacks have not yet been thoroughly investigated as a possible compensating factor, despite modeled evidence that changes to latent and sensible heat flux at the surface could propagate into the atmosphere in the form of increased surface temperatures and planetary boundary layer height. Here we present controlled numerical experiments that resolve complicated feedbacks from land disturbance to atmosphere, using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale meteorological model. WRF is coupled to ParFlow, a physically-based, integrated hydrologic model, through the land surface model Noah. The model was run at high meteorological resolution (1-km lateral grid spacing) over the
Colorado headwaters, a region paramount to domestic and agricultural resources and heavily influenced by MPB. Vegetation parameters for evergreen needleleaf trees were adjusted to reflect beetle-induced reductions in stomatal conductivity and LAI, and an ensemble methodology was used to represent a measure of uncertainty in initial atmospheric conditions. Results suggest that MPB signal is retained in atmospheric processes with distinct seasonal and diurnal signatures. However, atmospheric responses, particularly for precipitation, are inconsistent and often insignificant when compared to ensemble spread. Changes to the land surface energy budget and to ground and near-surface air temperatures are damped when compared to meteorological models that lack a lateral flow hydrology component. This work presents the applicability of a deterministic, integrated climate-hydrologic model to identify complicated physical interactions occurring with forest disturbance, which may not be discernable with simpler models or observations.
Advisors/Committee Members: Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Gochis, David (committee member), Bearup, Lindsay A. (committee member), Porter, Aaron T. (committee member).
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APA (6th Edition):
Forrester, M. M. (2016). Ecohydrologic response and atmospheric feedbacks from beetle-induced transpiration losses in the Colorado headwaters. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170459
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Forrester, Mary Michael. “Ecohydrologic response and atmospheric feedbacks from beetle-induced transpiration losses in the Colorado headwaters.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 25, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170459.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Forrester, Mary Michael. “Ecohydrologic response and atmospheric feedbacks from beetle-induced transpiration losses in the Colorado headwaters.” 2016. Web. 25 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Forrester MM. Ecohydrologic response and atmospheric feedbacks from beetle-induced transpiration losses in the Colorado headwaters. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 25].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170459.
Council of Science Editors:
Forrester MM. Ecohydrologic response and atmospheric feedbacks from beetle-induced transpiration losses in the Colorado headwaters. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170459
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations