+publisher:"Colorado School of Mines" +contributor:("Hogue, Terri S.")

Colorado School of Mines

1. Wieting, Celeste. Quantifying soil hydraulic property changes with fire severity by laboratory burning; data from Wieting et al. (2017).

Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170413

► Infiltration processes are not well understood in fire-affected soils because soil hydraulic properties and soil-water content are altered by the heat. This study uses intact… (more)

▼ Infiltration processes are not well understood in fire-affected soils because soil hydraulic properties and soil-water content are altered by the heat. This study uses intact soil cores, which should maintain preferential flow paths, that were collected in the field to explore the impacts of fire on soil properties and infiltration processes during rainfall. Three soil scenarios are presented here: unburned control soils, and low- and high-severity burned soils. Fire severity was simulated in the laboratory using a heating gun, and established based on temperature and duration of heating. Soil properties pre- and post-burn were measured using laboratory techniques including: Mini Disk Infiltrometer tests, Water Drop Penetration Time (WDPT) Tests, and measurements of dry bulk density and total organic carbon (TOC). Soil moisture and temperature were recorded at approximately 2.5 cm and 7.5 cm in soil cores as was the cumulative volume of water exiting the core during rainfall simulations. Mini Disk infiltration experiments suggest a decrease in both cumulative infiltration and infiltration rates from unburned to low-severity burned soils. High-severity burned soils saw an increase in cumulative infiltration. We interpret these changes as a result of the burning off of organic materials, enabling water to infiltrate more instead of being stored in the organics. The field saturated hydraulic conductivity did not vary from unburned to low-severity burned soils, but increased in high-severity burned soils due to the lack of organics that help inhibit water movement. During rainfall simulations, soil-water storage decreased from when soils were burned, likely because of the inability to store water within organic materials since they were burned. Vulnerability to raindrop impact also increased with fire severity. Together, these results indicate that fire-induced changes from low-severity wildfires were not as drastic as high-severity wildfires, and that high-severity burned soils can infiltrate more water, but not necessarily store it. Quantifying soil properties affected by wildfire, which can be gained through controlled laboratory simulations like this study, will aid in predicting post-wildfire behavior on the watershed scale. Advisors/Committee Members: Singha, Kamini (advisor), Ebel, Brian (committee member), Hogue, Terri S. (committee member).

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wieting, C. (2016). Quantifying soil hydraulic property changes with fire severity by laboratory burning; data from Wieting et al. (2017). (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170413

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wieting, Celeste. “Quantifying soil hydraulic property changes with fire severity by laboratory burning; data from Wieting et al. (2017).” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170413.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wieting, Celeste. “Quantifying soil hydraulic property changes with fire severity by laboratory burning; data from Wieting et al. (2017).” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Wieting C. Quantifying soil hydraulic property changes with fire severity by laboratory burning; data from Wieting et al. (2017). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170413.

Council of Science Editors:

Wieting C. Quantifying soil hydraulic property changes with fire severity by laboratory burning; data from Wieting et al. (2017). [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170413

Colorado School of Mines

2. Cherry, Lisa. Predicting parcel scale redevelopment within the Berkeley neighborhood in Denver, Colorado using linear and logistic regression.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170658

► Many water resource issues associated with urban development result from increased impervious cover. As impervious cover increases, rainwater infiltration decreases leading to increased flows and… (more)

▼ Many water resource issues associated with urban development result from increased impervious cover. As impervious cover increases, rainwater infiltration decreases leading to increased flows and potentially higher pollutant loads in the runoff. Most of the prior research on this topic investigates the increase of impervious cover through the transformation of undeveloped to developed regions, or the expansion of dense urban development into outlying suburban areas. A topic that is not as widely understood is the impact of infill redevelopment on stormwater runoff. Infill redevelopment is rapidly occurring in many Denver neighborhoods, where previously developed properties with low-density structures are being replaced by larger, higher density units. Regardless of impervious cover increase, these redevelopment projects are only required to incorporate stormwater detention and treatment systems if they are greater than one acre. Due to most of the redevelopment in Denver (86%) occurring on sites less than one acre, the burden of stormwater treatment and detention ultimately falls on the city. This study focuses on modeling the spatial distribution of infill re-development on a parcel scale to investigate its cumulative impacts on stormwater quality and quantity for near-term and future conditions. Future redevelopment and imperviousness is determined by distributing a “business as usual” linear growth scenario to the parcels with the greatest probability of future redevelopment. Then, a logistic regression model is used to determine the parcels that will be redeveloped. Results indicate that building cover change within study site from 2004 – 2014 followed a linear pattern. During this period the total building cover increased by 17% or 1.7 % per year on average. The logistic regression model determined the total value, year built, percent difference between current and max building cover, the current use classification: rowhomes, and current use classification apartments to be the greatest predictors of redevelopment, resulting in a model that was 81 % accurate. The "Building to Land Area Ratio" variable was found to be highly correlated with the “Improvement to Land Value Ratio”. However, the “Building to Land Area Ratio” was found to be a better predictor of redevelopment. The final model estimated an increase of 820,498 sq. ft. (18.8 acres) in building coverage between 2014 and 2024. This method will provide municipalities with a tool that can be used to estimate parcel scale impervious cover growth from publicly available planning data resulting in more informed urban watershed planning and policy development. Advisors/Committee Members: McCray, John E. (advisor), Hogue, Terri S. (committee member), Eisenstein, William (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: logistic regression; redevelopment; parcel; infill

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cherry, L. (2016). Predicting parcel scale redevelopment within the Berkeley neighborhood in Denver, Colorado using linear and logistic regression. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170658

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cherry, Lisa. “Predicting parcel scale redevelopment within the Berkeley neighborhood in Denver, Colorado using linear and logistic regression.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170658.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cherry, Lisa. “Predicting parcel scale redevelopment within the Berkeley neighborhood in Denver, Colorado using linear and logistic regression.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Cherry L. Predicting parcel scale redevelopment within the Berkeley neighborhood in Denver, Colorado using linear and logistic regression. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170658.

Council of Science Editors:

Cherry L. Predicting parcel scale redevelopment within the Berkeley neighborhood in Denver, Colorado using linear and logistic regression. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170658

Colorado School of Mines

3. Beetle-Moorcroft, Fern. Exploring geologic controls on infiltration and groundwater recharge on an ephemeral river: a coupled geophysics and modeling approach.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2020, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174194

► Ephemeral streams are the main surface-water source in arid climates, and streambed leakage in these systems is an important component of groundwater recharge. Subsurface geology… (more)

▼ Ephemeral streams are the main surface-water source in arid climates, and streambed leakage in these systems is an important component of groundwater recharge. Subsurface geology influences the extent and location of streambed leakage and therefore changes streamflow, impacts groundwater levels, and has the potential to influence confined aquifer recharge. This study looks at exploring geological controls on recharge from an ephemeral river through scenario evaluation with numerical models, constrained by geophysical observations. Drone magnetometer, electrical resistivity, hammer seismic, and hydrologic data were collected along the Alamosa River in southeastern Colorado, USA to constrain and parameterize a MODFLOW-SFR model based on the field system consisting of three layers: 1) an alluvial aquifer, 2) a confining unit, and 3) a confined aquifer. Four scenarios were explored beyond a base case to quantify controls on subsurface geology: 1) adding a fault; 2) changing the alluvial aquifer’s hydraulic conductivity; 3) changing the thickness of the streambed; and 4) removing the confining unit. A fifth scenario, adding a pumping well, was used to explore the role of this human influence on ephemeral river systems. The drone magnetometer and resistivity data indicated that the middle portion of the study area was geologically distinct from the surrounding area, and the resistivity and seismic results indicate the presence of heterogeneity in the subsurface. Modeling scenarios that changed hydraulic conductivity values resulted in the most notable changes to the river’s hydrologic system, altering streamflow, leakage, and deep aquifer recharge. Streambed thickness proved to be an unimportant parameter. Results here suggest that the extent to which streambed leakage changes is proportional to the ratio of alluvial aquifer hydraulic conductivity (K1) to streambed conductivity (Ks), and that this in turn controls the impacts on streamflow. This research suggests that subsurface heterogeneities are a fundamental control on ephemeral streams’ hydrogeologic system and are key to their resilience under climate change. Advisors/Committee Members: Singha, Kamini (advisor), Li, Yaoguo (committee member), Hogue, Terri S. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: geophysics; recharge; subsurface geology; groundwater modeling; ephemeral; seepage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Beetle-Moorcroft, F. (2020). Exploring geologic controls on infiltration and groundwater recharge on an ephemeral river: a coupled geophysics and modeling approach. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174194

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Beetle-Moorcroft, Fern. “Exploring geologic controls on infiltration and groundwater recharge on an ephemeral river: a coupled geophysics and modeling approach.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174194.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Beetle-Moorcroft, Fern. “Exploring geologic controls on infiltration and groundwater recharge on an ephemeral river: a coupled geophysics and modeling approach.” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Beetle-Moorcroft F. Exploring geologic controls on infiltration and groundwater recharge on an ephemeral river: a coupled geophysics and modeling approach. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174194.

Council of Science Editors:

Beetle-Moorcroft F. Exploring geologic controls on infiltration and groundwater recharge on an ephemeral river: a coupled geophysics and modeling approach. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174194

Colorado School of Mines

4. Brown, Jacob. Modeling trace organic contaminants in commercial and high-density residential urban stormwater runoff.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172508

► Urbanization can dramatically alter stormwater, both the quantity and quality, by engendering larger peak flows and through the introduction of contaminants into stormwater runoff. This… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: model; trace organic contaminant; WinSLAMM; stormwater; land cover; urban

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brown, J. (2018). Modeling trace organic contaminants in commercial and high-density residential urban stormwater runoff. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172508

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brown, Jacob. “Modeling trace organic contaminants in commercial and high-density residential urban stormwater runoff.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172508.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brown, Jacob. “Modeling trace organic contaminants in commercial and high-density residential urban stormwater runoff.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Brown J. Modeling trace organic contaminants in commercial and high-density residential urban stormwater runoff. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172508.

Council of Science Editors:

Brown J. Modeling trace organic contaminants in commercial and high-density residential urban stormwater runoff. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172508

Colorado School of Mines

5. Carandang, Christopher. Evaluating impacts of drought and conservation measures on urban vegetation in southern California.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20141

► Water resource managers in southern California are relying on a range of conservation measures, from changes in pricing structure to mandatory restrictions, to influence demand… (more)

▼ Water resource managers in southern California are relying on a range of conservation measures, from changes in pricing structure to mandatory restrictions, to influence demand and ensure resiliency of water supply in the face of ongoing drought and long-term climate change. Improved quantification of these measures is critical for evaluating efficacy and consumer response. The current study investigates the impact of recent drought and conservation measures on vegetation greenness and water consumption in urban areas across southern California. Previous research has shown that vegetation greenness in urban areas is associated with outdoor water consumption. Evaluating these parameters provides useful insight on how water demand responds to changes in water policy and natural events, such as drought. Data are compared across several water districts in Los Angeles, Orange County, and San Diego to identify how response varies with different conservation efforts in regions sharing similar climatology. The comparison expands on previous work conducted in Los Angeles evaluating outdoor water consumption patterns in single family residential areas. Remotely-sensed vegetation (MOD13/MYD13) products from MODIS are evaluated (8-day time step and 250-meter spatial resolution) over approximately 14 years to identify trends related to drought and conservation events. Furthermore, study parameters are examined over various land use types and compared across water districts to explore differences in outdoor water use and corresponding drivers. Trends are compared to water consumption to gain a better understanding of how recent conservation measures have influenced water demand. Ultimately, results will contribute to improved understanding of the response of water demand to drought and conservation measures and will aid in the implementation of effective conservation strategies across the southern California region. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Ajami, Newsha K. (committee member), McCray, John E. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: drought; outdoor water use; conservation; vegetation; NDVI

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APA (6^th Edition):

Carandang, C. (2015). Evaluating impacts of drought and conservation measures on urban vegetation in southern California. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20141

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Carandang, Christopher. “Evaluating impacts of drought and conservation measures on urban vegetation in southern California.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20141.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Carandang, Christopher. “Evaluating impacts of drought and conservation measures on urban vegetation in southern California.” 2015. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Carandang C. Evaluating impacts of drought and conservation measures on urban vegetation in southern California. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20141.

Council of Science Editors:

Carandang C. Evaluating impacts of drought and conservation measures on urban vegetation in southern California. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20141

Colorado School of Mines

6. Forsythe, Logan Frederick. Numerical and experimental analysis of bare soil resistance in homogeneous and heterogeneous soils, A.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171026

► Resistance terms have been used in many studies to simplify the complex processes associated with water vapor transport across the land-atmosphere interface. Soil resistance, accounts… (more)

▼ Resistance terms have been used in many studies to simplify the complex processes associated with water vapor transport across the land-atmosphere interface. Soil resistance, accounts for an additional resistance to evaporative losses associated with a drying soil surface. Early formulations were empirically derived from limited measured datasets, which confines their widespread applicability, but some newer formulations better relate to the physical processes at play. The Tang and Riley (2013) formulation avoids a direct empirical relation between soil resistance and the soil water content at some depth below the surface by considering liquid flow and gaseous diffusion determined from existing constitutive relationships. However, it has only been tested in a large scale, single phase model against global datasets. In this work, we utilize comprehensive data sets from wind tunnel evaporation experiments and a multiphase heat and mass transfer model to compare the accuracy of this resistance term with other prevalent soil resistance formulations and their sensitivity to model structure. Applying these measured and modeled data sets decreases reliance on simplifying assumptions and allows for more robust examination of the different formulations applied to homogeneous and heterogeneous soil surfaces. Results illustrate the significant variation in the behavior of different soil resistance terms over the course of the drying process. The mechanistic soil resistance performed well compared to more empirical approaches. Sensitivity of the soil resistance and the corresponding evaporation rate to the defined surface soil layer thickness used in the model structure and the diffusivity model varies across formulations and soil moisture conditions. Averaging soil state variables across a heterogeneous surface indicates limited capability to capture the overall evaporation rate behavior. These findings offer new insight into how well these soil resistance formulations relate to the physical processes associated with evaporation from the soil surface. The more physically-based resistance shows potential for more accurate estimation of evaporation from bare soil, but relies heavily on proper parameterization of soil transport properties associated with vapor transport to the surface. Advisors/Committee Members: Smits, Kathleen M. (advisor), Hogue, Terri S. (committee member), Wu, Ning (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: experimental; soil resistance; evaporation; wind tunnel; numerical modelling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Forsythe, L. F. (2017). Numerical and experimental analysis of bare soil resistance in homogeneous and heterogeneous soils, A. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171026

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Forsythe, Logan Frederick. “Numerical and experimental analysis of bare soil resistance in homogeneous and heterogeneous soils, A.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171026.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Forsythe, Logan Frederick. “Numerical and experimental analysis of bare soil resistance in homogeneous and heterogeneous soils, A.” 2017. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Forsythe LF. Numerical and experimental analysis of bare soil resistance in homogeneous and heterogeneous soils, A. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171026.

Council of Science Editors:

Forsythe LF. Numerical and experimental analysis of bare soil resistance in homogeneous and heterogeneous soils, A. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171026

Colorado School of Mines

7. Radavich, Katherine A. Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20317

► Urban streams and water bodies have become increasingly polluted due to stormwater runoff from increased urbanization. Improved water quality and reduced flood peaks are the… (more)

▼ Urban streams and water bodies have become increasingly polluted due to stormwater runoff from increased urbanization. Improved water quality and reduced flood peaks are the ultimate goals of stormwater management to achieve safe and healthy urban water bodies, with additional benefits of increased green space and increased domestic water supply through potential recycling and groundwater recharge. In this research, Low Impact Development (LID) and Best Management Practices (BMPs) are assessed as natural methods to manage stormwater by applying the EPA System for Urban Stormwater Treatment and Analysis INtegration (SUSTAIN) model. Ballona Creek watershed in the Los Angeles basin (128 square miles with 61% impervious land cover) was chosen as a case study area to more specifically investigate the mechanisms through which different BMP types achieve compliance with water quality regulations, reduce peak flows, and encourage recharge through infiltration. This research illustrates how the characteristics of distinctive BMP types influence compliance and flow regimes. Model results show that infiltration-dominated BMPs reduced the total pollutant load at the outlet, but residual pollutants were more concentrated resulting in worse compliance with water quality standards. However, out of 86,000 acre-feet per year (AFY) of runoff from the whole watershed during the modeled period of 2004-2008, these BMP types infiltrated 66,000 AFY of water (76% of the total) for potential reuse and groundwater recharge, and reduced peak flows of larger storm events up to 60%. Treat and release-dominated BMPs resulted in lower pollutant concentrations and better compliance at the outlet, but higher pollutant loads were observed and only 34,000 AFY was infiltrated (40% of the total), with minimal peak flow reduction. Assessing future changes in precipitation and temperature due to climate variability further illustrated the beneficial and limiting characteristics of the five BMP types. Due to their poor peak flow reduction and infiltration capacity, treat and release BMPs would not provide as much benefit for future climate scenarios in which more intense precipitation events might occur. Stormwater modeling at the watershed scale can ultimately inform strategic BMP selection based on current and future hydrologic characteristics and desired outcomes. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), McCray, John E. (committee member), Siegrist, Robert L. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: climate change; stormwater; SUSTAIN; modeling; best management practices; stormwater control measures

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APA (6^th Edition):

Radavich, K. A. (2015). Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20317

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Radavich, Katherine A. “Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20317.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Radavich, Katherine A. “Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance.” 2015. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Radavich KA. Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20317.

Council of Science Editors:

Radavich KA. Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20317

Colorado School of Mines

8. Beck, Andrew J. Evaluating best management practice scenarios in Ballona Creek watershed using EPA's SUSTAIN model.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2014, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/452

► Urbanization's effects on the hydrologic cycle have been widely documented. In addition, anthropogenic activities associated with urbanization have impacted water quality in receiving water bodies,… (more)

▼ Urbanization's effects on the hydrologic cycle have been widely documented. In addition, anthropogenic activities associated with urbanization have impacted water quality in receiving water bodies, with more exaggerated effects in urban, arid climates. The EPA and other governmental agencies have advocated the use of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to mitigate urbanization's impact on the hydrologic cycle and water quality. The City of Los Angeles is completing implementation plans for mitigating pollutants in each of its watersheds in order to identify the best locations for potential BMP projects. However, the ability of distributed and regional BMPs to adequately address water quality objectives has not been rigorously studied at the watershed scale. The current research utilizes EPA's SUSTAIN model to quantify the impacts of BMP implementation in a highly urbanized watershed in Los Angeles. The model is calibrated and validated to measured flow and water quality storm events as well as annual runoff volumes and pollutant loads. The model outputs rendered a correlation coefficient of 0.99 for annual discharge volumes for the 5-year validation period. In addition, storms larger than 0.2" of precipitation modeled well rendering a Nash-Sutcliffe error of 0.95 for runoff volumes while peak discharges had an NSE of 0.89. Seven BMP types are physically modeled with five BMP types being optimized based on a 30-40% average annual metal load reduction. The number of BMPs are optimized using SUSTAIN's non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to generate cost effectiveness curves for varying management and implementation scenarios. Results indicate that dry weather TMDL exceedances can be reduced by 80% to 99% while also accomplishing a 10% to 50% reduction in wet weather TMDL exceedances. Secondary benefits, such as flood protection and groundwater recharge are also quantified indicating a reduction in peak runoff of 20-50% with potential groundwater recharge of 12,000-30,000 ac-ft annually. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), McCray, John E. (committee member), Schneider, Jennifer J. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: TMDLs; SUSTAIN; hydrology; water quality; BMPs; modeling; Best management practices (Pollution prevention); Urban hydrology – California – Ballona Creek Watershed; Hydrologic cycle – California – Ballona Creek Watershed; Runoff – California – Ballona Creek Watershed; Water quality

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APA (6^th Edition):

Beck, A. J. (2014). Evaluating best management practice scenarios in Ballona Creek watershed using EPA's SUSTAIN model. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/452

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Beck, Andrew J. “Evaluating best management practice scenarios in Ballona Creek watershed using EPA's SUSTAIN model.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/452.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Beck, Andrew J. “Evaluating best management practice scenarios in Ballona Creek watershed using EPA's SUSTAIN model.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Beck AJ. Evaluating best management practice scenarios in Ballona Creek watershed using EPA's SUSTAIN model. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/452.

Council of Science Editors:

Beck AJ. Evaluating best management practice scenarios in Ballona Creek watershed using EPA's SUSTAIN model. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/452

Colorado School of Mines

9. Logan, Ryan. Modeling wildfire impact on hydrologic processes using a precipitation-runoff model.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170334

► As large magnitude wildfires persist across the western United States, understanding their impact on hydrologic behavior and predicting regional streamflow response is increasingly important. Peak… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: PRMS; watershed modeling; wildfire

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APA (6^th Edition):

Logan, R. (2016). Modeling wildfire impact on hydrologic processes using a precipitation-runoff model. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170334

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Logan, Ryan. “Modeling wildfire impact on hydrologic processes using a precipitation-runoff model.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170334.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Logan, Ryan. “Modeling wildfire impact on hydrologic processes using a precipitation-runoff model.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Logan R. Modeling wildfire impact on hydrologic processes using a precipitation-runoff model. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170334.

Council of Science Editors:

Logan R. Modeling wildfire impact on hydrologic processes using a precipitation-runoff model. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170334

Colorado School of Mines

10. Edgley, Ryan. Assessing the efficacy of BMPs to reduce metal loads in the Los Angeles River Basin at the watershed scale.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170206

► The Los Angeles River Basin is a large (825 mi2) and diverse watershed containing highly developed urban areas, as well as expansive chaparral landscapes. Municipalities… (more)

▼ The Los Angeles River Basin is a large (825 mi2) and diverse watershed containing highly developed urban areas, as well as expansive chaparral landscapes. Municipalities within this watershed, and around the country, are required to meet water quality standards for pollutant loads in their receiving waterbodies. The current research quantifies the ability of BMPs to improve water quality in the Los Angeles River Basin as well as ancillary benefits (e.g. groundwater recharge) at the watershed scale. The EPA-developed System for Urban Stormwater Treatment and Analysis INtegration (SUSTAIN) model is used to simulate flow, load, and five BMPs. Two regional BMPs are modeled (infiltration trenches & dry ponds) and three distributed BMPs (vegetated swales, bioretention cells, porous pavement). Each BMP type provides a unique optimal benefit, infiltration trenches: infiltration rates, vegetated swales: water quality performance, dry ponds: lowest cost, porous pavement: minimal footprint (i.e. replaces existing infrastructure). The modeled BMPs are combined in various ways to produce six unique Compliance Options. Each Compliance Option equally satisfies water quality criteria, but consist of a unique composition of BMP types and quantity, therefore each Option offers a distinct blend of ancillary benefits and associated costs. Of the six compliance options crafted, none are optimal across all criteria, indicating stakeholders need to consider their particular near-term and long-term needs, and balance them with the various cost and ancillary benefits each Compliance Option can offer. The Compliance Option identified from the perspective of this research as meeting the region’s most pressing needs (reducing metal load, high stormwater infiltration & low cost of construction) contains a mix of vegetated swales and infiltration trenches (Option 3a). Option 3a significantly reduces peak flow (58%), infiltrates stormwater (172,000 AFY), and with the lowest construction cost ($3.8 billion) of all options considered. Although this research informs policymakers and stakeholders about the capacity of these six Compliance Options to provide a range of ancillary benefits, there remains tremendous opportunity to further develop the capability of BMPs and their understanding. More research is needed to spatially optimize the best locations for BMPs in a watershed, better quantify the infiltration of stormwater to recharge groundwater aquifers, as well as how to further improve the functionality of BMPs (e.g. optimizing geomedia or vegetation for particular pollutants or climates). Lastly there is a need for further data integration and monitoring to better inform the current state of water quality throughout watersheds and track its progress as BMPs are implemented. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), McCray, John E. (committee member), Bellona, Christopher (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: best management practice; stormwater management; total maximum daily load

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APA (6^th Edition):

Edgley, R. (2016). Assessing the efficacy of BMPs to reduce metal loads in the Los Angeles River Basin at the watershed scale. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170206

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Edgley, Ryan. “Assessing the efficacy of BMPs to reduce metal loads in the Los Angeles River Basin at the watershed scale.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170206.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Edgley, Ryan. “Assessing the efficacy of BMPs to reduce metal loads in the Los Angeles River Basin at the watershed scale.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Edgley R. Assessing the efficacy of BMPs to reduce metal loads in the Los Angeles River Basin at the watershed scale. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170206.

Council of Science Editors:

Edgley R. Assessing the efficacy of BMPs to reduce metal loads in the Los Angeles River Basin at the watershed scale. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170206

Colorado School of Mines

11. Saxe, Samuel. Linear modeling and evaluation of controls on flow response in western post-fire watersheds.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170033

► This research investigates the impact of wildfires on watershed flow regimes throughout the western United States, specifically focusing on evaluation of fire events within specified… (more)

▼ This research investigates the impact of wildfires on watershed flow regimes throughout the western United States, specifically focusing on evaluation of fire events within specified subregions and determination of the impact of climate and geophysical variables in post-fire flow response. Fire events were collected through federal and state-level databases and streamflow data were collected from U.S. Geological Survey stream gages. 82 watersheds were identified with at least 10 years of continuous pre-fire daily streamflow records and 5 years of continuous post-fire daily flow records. For each watershed, percent changes in annual runoff ratio (RO), low-flows (LF), high-flows (HF), peak flows (PF), number of zero flow days (Nzeros), baseflow index (BFI), and Richards-Baker flashiness index (RB) were calculated from pre- to post-fire. Numerous independent variables were identified for each watershed and fire event, including topographic, vegetation, climate, burn severity, and soils data. The national watersheds were divided into five regions through k-means clustering and LASSO linear regression models were calculated for each region. Regression models were also produced for watersheds grouped by total area burned. The coefficient of determination (R2) was used to determine the accuracy of the resulting models. Model accuracy was highly variable, both by group and by response variable. Resulting coefficient values demonstrate that, of the watershed parameters applied in this study as explanatory variables, watershed area and burn severity parameters explain the greatest amount of the post-fire flow change variability. Burn area slope and soil erodibility factor (Kfact) also contribute significantly to post-fire response. Watershed area and Kfact are generally negatively correlated with response variables, while slope and percent moderate burn severity (BS_M) are positively correlated. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Hay, Lauren E. (committee member), McCray, John E. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: fire; LASSO; wildfire

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APA (6^th Edition):

Saxe, S. (2016). Linear modeling and evaluation of controls on flow response in western post-fire watersheds. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170033

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Saxe, Samuel. “Linear modeling and evaluation of controls on flow response in western post-fire watersheds.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170033.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Saxe, Samuel. “Linear modeling and evaluation of controls on flow response in western post-fire watersheds.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Saxe S. Linear modeling and evaluation of controls on flow response in western post-fire watersheds. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170033.

Council of Science Editors:

Saxe S. Linear modeling and evaluation of controls on flow response in western post-fire watersheds. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170033

Colorado School of Mines

12. Doughty, Megan. Electrical imaging of hyporheic exchange from channel-spanning logjams.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2019, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173062

► Human impacts such as timber harvesting, engineered channels, beaver removal, and urbanization can alter the inherent characteristics and features of streams, which affect their natural… (more)

▼ Human impacts such as timber harvesting, engineered channels, beaver removal, and urbanization can alter the inherent characteristics and features of streams, which affect their natural physical and chemical states. One such feature substantially diminished by anthropogenic changes is the development of blockages from fallen trees and loose wood in streams. These logjams increase hydraulic resistance and create hydraulic head gradients along the streambed that drive groundwater-surface water exchange. This exchange occurs in saturated sediment under and around a stream, called the hyporheic zone, where surface water and groundwater mix. Hyporheic exchange has an important influence on a stream’s ecosystem, because it transfers dissolved oxygen, solutes, and nutrients into the subsurface as well as mediates temperature fluctuations. Here, we focus on quantifying the changes in hyporheic exchange flow (HEF) due to channel-spanning logjams. Field measurements and numerical modeling using MODFLOW and MT3D were used in this study to explore logjam-induced hyporheic exchange. The traditional methods for characterizing HEF, such as in-stream and well monitoring, fail to capture the complex hyporheic processes because they only provide point measurements. Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI), a surface-based geophysical method, was used to monitor the transport of solutes into the hyporheic zone during an in-stream tracer test supplemented by in-stream monitoring. ERI provides spatial and temporal data on the distribution of subsurface bulk electrical resistivity. We ran ERI at two reaches in Little Beaver Creek, CO: one with a single logjam and the second at a control reach with no logjams. Our results show that 1) higher HEF occurred at the reach with a logjam than the one without, and that 2) higher discharge rates associated with spring snowmelt increase the extent and magnitude of HEF, while 3) lower flows may increase the residence time in the hyporheic zone. The numerical modeling in MODFLOW and MT3D supports the finding that logjams increase the extent and rate of HEF. This research has implications for quantifying the controls of natural stream heterogeneity, the transport of sediment, the health of the stream’s ecosystem, and improving stream restoration and conservation efforts. Advisors/Committee Members: Singha, Kamini (advisor), Wohl, Ellen (committee member), Hogue, Terri S. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: hydrology; logjam; hyporheic; electrical resistivity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Doughty, M. (2019). Electrical imaging of hyporheic exchange from channel-spanning logjams. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173062

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Doughty, Megan. “Electrical imaging of hyporheic exchange from channel-spanning logjams.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173062.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Doughty, Megan. “Electrical imaging of hyporheic exchange from channel-spanning logjams.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Doughty M. Electrical imaging of hyporheic exchange from channel-spanning logjams. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173062.

Council of Science Editors:

Doughty M. Electrical imaging of hyporheic exchange from channel-spanning logjams. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173062

Colorado School of Mines

13. Knipper, Kyle R. Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170608

► Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key component of the water balance, especially in arid and semiarid regions, yet it remains one of the most difficult hydrologic… (more)

▼ Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key component of the water balance, especially in arid and semiarid regions, yet it remains one of the most difficult hydrologic components to estimate. This dissertation research investigates and develops methodologies to estimate ET while minimizing the need for ground-based observations so as to make the final product easily transferable to ungauged basins located in arid and semiarid regions. Initial work investigates an application of a modified Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) triangle-based method to estimate ET in a sub-alpine environment in northern California. Results show positive bias at three of the four sites when compared to ground-based measurements, indicating issues related to water stressed conditions on overall ET estimation. This triangle concept is further utilized by exploring a downscaling approach through the combination of higher spatial resolution MODIS and lower spatial resolution AMSR2 (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2) and SMOS (Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity). Evaluation occurred in southern Arizona using AmeriFlux stations providing observed data with Version 2 of the National Land Data Assimilation Systems (NLDAS2) model providing additional comparisons. Results indicate a much improved spatial representation of soil moisture at the watershed scale. Downscaled soil moisture estimates were then used to scale potential evapotranspiration (PET) to ET. Derived ET estimates (MOD-SMET) are validated using four ground-based flux tower sites in southern Arizona USA, while also being compared to a calibrated empirical ET model as well as output from NLDAS2. Validation against observed ET indicates high correlations, with positive bias at upland sites and negative bias at a riparian site. MOD-SMET estimates compare well to the calibrated empirical ET model, while outperforming NLDAS2 simulations. MOD-SMET proves to be an effective alternative to more complex surface-atmosphere models for estimating actual ET. Moreover, the proposed methodologies used in all sections of the dissertation require no ancillary ground-based data, site specific calibration, or subjective specifications, allowing them to be transferable to ungauged basins located in water limited regions. Results of the dissertation contribute to better understanding of ET and soil moisture variability in semi-arid regions through development and application of improved spatial and temporal resolution remotely-sensed observations. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Franz, Kristie (committee member), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member), Nissen, Edwin (committee member), McCray, John E. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: remote sensing; soil moisture; semiarid regions; evapotranspiration

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APA (6^th Edition):

Knipper, K. R. (2016). Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170608

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Knipper, Kyle R. “Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170608.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Knipper, Kyle R. “Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Knipper KR. Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170608.

Council of Science Editors:

Knipper KR. Improving evapotranspiration estimates in the arid west using multi-platform remote sensing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170608

Colorado School of Mines

14. Zilliox, Skylar. Regulating relationships: memorandums of understanding and unconventional energy development in suburban Colorado.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170241

► The rapid expansion of hydraulic fracturing has led to significant political upheaval, with multiple policy solutions proposed by different stakeholders. One strategy that is growing… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: fracking; hydraulic fracturing; memorandums of understanding; supraregulatory

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zilliox, S. (2016). Regulating relationships: memorandums of understanding and unconventional energy development in suburban Colorado. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170241

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zilliox, Skylar. “Regulating relationships: memorandums of understanding and unconventional energy development in suburban Colorado.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170241.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zilliox, Skylar. “Regulating relationships: memorandums of understanding and unconventional energy development in suburban Colorado.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Zilliox S. Regulating relationships: memorandums of understanding and unconventional energy development in suburban Colorado. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170241.

Council of Science Editors:

Zilliox S. Regulating relationships: memorandums of understanding and unconventional energy development in suburban Colorado. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170241

Colorado School of Mines

15. Gallo, Elizabeth Marie. Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2020, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175335

► Urbanization is expected to persist in cities across the world, resulting in increased percent imperviousness, alterations to the hydrologic regime, degraded water quality, and deteriorated… (more)

▼ Urbanization is expected to persist in cities across the world, resulting in increased percent imperviousness, alterations to the hydrologic regime, degraded water quality, and deteriorated ecosystems. Stormwater Control Measures (SCMs) have been developed to mitigate some of the impacts of urban development, but come in a wide range of designs and have variable hydrologic performance based on their primary function. SCMs exist on a continuum that ranges from green (typically above ground infrastructure that includes vegetation) to grey (large storage facilities or underground distributed infrastructure). The decision-making process for an optimal stormwater management plan on a watershed-scale is complex and multi-faceted. Conflicting stakeholder interests need to be considered when determining the optimal suite of SCMs for a particular watershed. Hydrologic models, such as the EPA’s System for Urban Stormwater Treatment and Analysis INtegration (SUSTAIN) can be used to simulate water quantity and quality as well as evaluate the implementation of SCMs on a watershed-scale. Decision support tools can assist stakeholders and decision makers in optimizing between varying SCM types based on the needs and priorities of their specific watershed and communities. The research in this dissertation uses a hydrologic model and decision support tool and aims to improve stormwater modeling by 1) exploring the feasibility of meeting regulatory compliance with the implementation of SCMs, 2) investigating the performance and tradeoff of greener to greyer SCMs using optimizations, and 3) improving the decision-making process by incorporating life cycle costs and a benefit analysis with stormwater modeling. A multi-watershed analysis conducted in Los Angeles County found that meeting water quality regulations when implementing SCMs on a watershed-scale is dependent on percent imperviousness and land use characteristics which impact baseline water quantity and quality. Despite routing runoff from 90% of the watershed to greener SCMs only three of the six simulated SCM solutions reached compliance in the Ballona Creek watershed and none were successful in the Dominguez Channel and Los Angeles River watersheds, highlighting the need for a more robust planning-level approach to determine the optimal stormwater management plan. The investigation of greener vs greyer SCMs in the Berkeley Lake neighborhood, (Denver, CO) found that all SCM types offer varying hydrologic benefits based on their design and function. For example, underground infiltration (greyer) and infiltration trenches (greener) are optimal for reducing average annual flow volume while underground detention (greyer) and vegetated swales (greener) are better at reducing pollutant average annual concentrations. Optimizing (maximizing a benefit and minimizing cost) between thousands of SCM solutions and rating benefits based on stakeholder preferences identified that while the primary goal of a watershed may initially put more weight on particular SCM types, the consideration… Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Kroepsch, Adrianne (committee member), Smith, Steven M. (committee member), Smith, Jessica, 1980- (committee member), Bell, Colin D. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: hydrologic modeling; stormwater control measures; green infrastructure; urbanization; stormwater

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gallo, E. M. (2020). Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175335

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gallo, Elizabeth Marie. “Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175335.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gallo, Elizabeth Marie. “Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions.” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gallo EM. Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175335.

Council of Science Editors:

Gallo EM. Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175335

Colorado School of Mines

16. Rodríguez-Jeangros, Nicolás. Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172139

► In recent decades, the Rocky Mountain (RM) region has undergone significant changes associated with anthropogenic activities, such as urbanization and forest logging for agriculture, and… (more)

▼ In recent decades, the Rocky Mountain (RM) region has undergone significant changes associated with anthropogenic activities, such as urbanization and forest logging for agriculture, and natural disturbances, such as wildfires and bark beetle infestations. These changes have the potential to alter primary productivity and biomass carbon storage. Specifically, changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the RM streams are relevant because dissolved organic matter affects heterotrophic processes, acts as a source for the nutrient cycle, absorbs sunlight radiation, alters the transport of metals, and can promote the appearance of carcinogenic byproducts during water treatment. Specifically, recent studies have focused on the relationship between bark beetle infestations and stream organic matter, but have reached conflicting conclusions, possibly due to the small areas analyzed or an incomplete understanding of the processes that influence organic matter concentrations. Consequently, here we compile and process multiple datasets representing changes and features of the RM region for the period 1983-2012 with the purpose of assessing their relative influence on stream DOC concentrations. Land cover (LC) is especially important for modeling DOC. LC drives many environmental processes, so its assessment, monitoring, and characterization are essential. However, existing LC products each have different temporal and spatial resolutions and different LC classes and cannot be used for our goal of studying the large scale spatial-temporal variability of DOC. Here, we review the complexities of LC identification and propose a method for fusing multiple existing LC products to produce a single LC record for a large spatial-temporal grid, referred to as spatiotemporal categorical map fusion (SCaMF). We first reconcile the LC classes of different LC products and then present a probabilistic weighted nearest neighbor estimator of LC class. This estimator depends on three unknown parameters that are estimated using numerical optimization to maximize a user-defined agreement criterion. We illustrate the method using six LC products over the Rocky Mountains and show the improvement gained by supplying the optimization with data-driven information describing the spatial-temporal behavior of each LC class. Given the massive size of the LC products, we show how the optimal parameters for a given year are often optimal for other years, leading to shorter computing times. We implement the SCaMF methodology over a large region of the RM, encompassing sections of six states, to create a new LC product, SCaMF-RM. To do this, we adapt SCaMF to address the prediction of LC in large space-time regions that present nonstationarities, and we add more flexibility in the LC classifications of the predicted product. SCaMF-RM is produced at two high spatial resolutions, 30 and 50 m, and a yearly frequency for the 30-year period 1983-2012. When multiple products are available in time, we illustrate how SCaMF-RM captures relevant information from the… Advisors/Committee Members: McCray, John E. (advisor), Hering, Amanda S. (advisor), Sharp, Jonathan O. (committee member), Hogue, Terri S. (committee member), Maxwell, Reed M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: forest disturbances; Rocky Mountains; water quality; land cover; categorical data; stream networks

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rodríguez-Jeangros, N. (2018). Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172139

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rodríguez-Jeangros, Nicolás. “Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172139.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rodríguez-Jeangros, Nicolás. “Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Rodríguez-Jeangros N. Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172139.

Council of Science Editors:

Rodríguez-Jeangros N. Development of a high-resolution land cover product of the Rocky Mountains with application to carbon concentrations in its streams: assessing anthropogenic, climatological, and morphological contributions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172139

Colorado School of Mines

17. Dolan, Flannery C. Reusing produced water: viability and decision-making.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172336

► This research explores the reuse of produced water, a byproduct of oil and gas production. Produced water represents a substantial volume in oil and gas… (more)

▼ This research explores the reuse of produced water, a byproduct of oil and gas production. Produced water represents a substantial volume in oil and gas production that is usually disposed of in a Class II injection well. This practice is costly and has been shown to cause induced seismicity. Reusing produced water eliminates the need to dispose of it and provides a viable new source of water to an ever-growing world. This research first looks at the feasibility of reusing produced water for agriculture in Colorado, including evaluation of the legal, economic, technological, and environmental aspects of such use. Three research questions are addressed in this work: first, in which counties in Colorado is reuse for agriculture most feasible; second, what is the volumetric impact of produced water on irrigation demand in these counties; and third, is the reuse of produced water for agriculture economically feasible in these counties. Results show that Rio Blanco, Garfield, Washington, Weld, Las Animas, and La Plata Counties are the primary counties in Colorado where reuse for agriculture is most feasible based on water demand, quantity of produced water and quality of produced water. Produced water is found to make a substantial volumetric impact on irrigation demand in some of these counties. Using an integrated Decision Selection Tool, the cost of treating the produced water in these counties is found to be more than the cost of disposal in a private injection well but less than the cost of disposal in a commercial injection well. The second part of this thesis looks at the utilization of produced water on a broader scale and applies a version of Multi-Attribute Decision Analysis to the problem. Several alternatives are compared, including disposal and some reuse options. Objectives are discussed, including health, environmental impact, resource availability, and economic feasibility. Some general areas of the United States are recommended where reuse of produced water may be most beneficial. Additionally, the sensitivity of weights of different criteria are evaluated. Overall, results from this research will help inform stakeholders in how best to manage produced water. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Kroepsch, Adrianne (advisor), Cath, Tzahi Y. (committee member), Higgins, Christopher P. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: decision making; reuse; agriculture; water resources; produced water

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dolan, F. C. (2018). Reusing produced water: viability and decision-making. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172336

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dolan, Flannery C. “Reusing produced water: viability and decision-making.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172336.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dolan, Flannery C. “Reusing produced water: viability and decision-making.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Dolan FC. Reusing produced water: viability and decision-making. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172336.

Council of Science Editors:

Dolan FC. Reusing produced water: viability and decision-making. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172336

Colorado School of Mines

18. Slinski, Kimberly M. Drought and forest disturbance impacts on hydrology under changing climate conditions.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172362

► Freshwater is one of the world’s most important natural resources. It is essential to human health, ecosystem function, and livelihoods, but is a finite resource… (more)

▼ Freshwater is one of the world’s most important natural resources. It is essential to human health, ecosystem function, and livelihoods, but is a finite resource and needs to be appropriately managed. As global demand grows, there is increasing competition for resources between the water, agriculture, energy, livestock, fisheries, forestry, mining, transport, and other sectors. Conceptual frameworks for water policy such as integrated water resources management and the water-energy-food nexus have emerged to balance these competing interests. However, the policy challenges to meeting societal demands for water while maintaining ecosystem function are exasperated by the modification of water availability due to changing land use and climate conditions. Reliable methods to monitor and predict water availability are essential for understanding the vulnerability of water resources to future changes in land use, climate, and policy. The overarching objective of this dissertation is to better understand how changing patterns of land use and climate conditions impact the distribution and availability of freshwater resources. This dissertation first examines the impact of the current mountain pine beetle (MPB, Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreak in the western United States (US) on surface water resources. In the Western US, the current MPB epidemic has affected more than five million hectares since its start in 1996, including headwater catchments that supply water to much of the Western US. There is widespread concern that the hydrologic consequences of the extensive pine tree die-off will impact water supply across the Western US. While forest disturbance studies have shown that streamflow increases in response to tree harvest, the actual effect of bark beetle infestations on water supply remains widely debated among MPB researchers. This study evaluates watershed-level response following bark beetle outbreak for 33 watersheds in seven western states. Streamflow records were investigated to assess whether the timing and amount of stream discharge during bark beetle outbreak and early recovery periods were significantly different to pre-outbreak conditions. Results show no significant modification in peak flows or average daily streamflow following bark beetle infestation and that climate variability may be a stronger driver of streamflow patterns and snowmelt timing than chronic forest disturbance. The second part of this dissertation examines how surface water resources in the Awash River Basin, in Ethiopia, were impacted by the 2015 regional drought and their subsequent recovery. This study presents a new method to develop accurate, high-resolution maps of waterbodies. Cloud-based computing resources and machine learning techniques are used to merge Sentinel 1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and Landsat observations to generate monthly waterbody maps at a 10-meter resolution. The accuracy of this method is shown to be comparable to waterbody map products generated by high performance computing resources. The technique is… Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), McCray, John E. (advisor), Benson, David A. (committee member), Rodriguez, Derrick (committee member), Zhou, Wendy (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: hydrology; inundation; remote sensing; InSAR; drought; mountain pine beetle

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APA (6^th Edition):

Slinski, K. M. (2018). Drought and forest disturbance impacts on hydrology under changing climate conditions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172362

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Slinski, Kimberly M. “Drought and forest disturbance impacts on hydrology under changing climate conditions.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172362.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Slinski, Kimberly M. “Drought and forest disturbance impacts on hydrology under changing climate conditions.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Slinski KM. Drought and forest disturbance impacts on hydrology under changing climate conditions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172362.

Council of Science Editors:

Slinski KM. Drought and forest disturbance impacts on hydrology under changing climate conditions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172362

Colorado School of Mines

19. Sanders, Michael. Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Geology and Geological Engineering, 2014, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/469

► Stream temperature is becoming a very important factor in water quality and the health of many aquatic ecosystems. Computer modeling software can help predict the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: SNTemp; PRMS; stream temperature; Water temperature – Forecasting – Computer simulation – Testing; Water temperature – Mathematical models; Water temperature – Environmental aspects; Watershed hydrology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sanders, M. (2014). Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/469

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sanders, Michael. “Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/469.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sanders, Michael. “Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Sanders M. Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/469.

Council of Science Editors:

Sanders M. Development and evaluation of a stream temperature component within the PRMS watershed modeling program. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/469

Colorado School of Mines

20. Walker, Ella L. Water use for unconventional energy development in the South Platte River Basin of Colorado.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170207

► The “boom” in advanced hydraulic fracturing techniques in 2010 caused many concerns and questions among environmental activists, politicians and state and local governments due to… (more)

▼ The “boom” in advanced hydraulic fracturing techniques in 2010 caused many concerns and questions among environmental activists, politicians and state and local governments due to the speed and force at which operations began in certain communities. Issues of water contamination from hydraulic fracturing fluids through faulty wells, water consumption, and noise and air pollution quickly manifested in the form of movies (Gasland, FrackNation, TruthLand)) and claimed a role in many political discussions. Although hydraulic fracturing has been around for decades, it was the magnitude of the operations that stemmed concerns among the public. Although natural gas is considered a cleaner fuel source compared to coal and petroleum, this did not stop the pushback it received from environmental activists groups. A range of research on various aspects of hydraulic fracturing has been undertaken to assess the impacts hydraulic fracturing has on the environment in regions across the United States. The current study explores water consumption for hydraulic fracturing in Colorado. This thesis provides a detailed analysis of water used for hydraulic fracturing across a range of scales, including, the state of Colorado, the South Platte basin (which encompasses the Niobrara shale play) and for a county and city experiencing heavy drilling (Weld County and Greeley, CO, respectively). We utilize both the IHS Energy and FracFocus databases and a range of statistical approaches to analyze water consumption for regional wells. In addition, produced water is quantified in order to explore re-use scenarios. This study found that water used for hydraulic fracturing accounted for .24% of the state of Colorado’s total 2014 demand, .73% of the basin demand, 2.4% of the county demand and 7% of the city demand. Water used for hydraulic fracturing in 2014 was enough to supply 35% of the population in Weld County. Greeley, CO sold 1,600 AF of water to oil and gas companies for up to 3,500/AF, while farmers typically pay around 35/AF. Water use for agriculture is 85% of the state and county water budget. Produced water totaled 7590 acre-feet in the South Platte, enough to hydraulically fracture 42% of wells drilled within the basin and approximately 1% of the population in 2014 if properly treated. Overall, water use for hydraulic fracturing becomes more significant in the water balance as the scale becomes more local. Additionally, produced water, once properly handled and treated, could be a potential source for water supply to help close the gap in water supply and demand in future years in the basin. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), McCray, John E. (advisor), Read, Laura (committee member), McClelland, Carrie J. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: energy; hydraulic fracturing; South Platte; unconventional; water; water use

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APA (6^th Edition):

Walker, E. L. (2016). Water use for unconventional energy development in the South Platte River Basin of Colorado. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170207

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Walker, Ella L. “Water use for unconventional energy development in the South Platte River Basin of Colorado.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170207.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Walker, Ella L. “Water use for unconventional energy development in the South Platte River Basin of Colorado.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Walker EL. Water use for unconventional energy development in the South Platte River Basin of Colorado. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170207.

Council of Science Editors:

Walker EL. Water use for unconventional energy development in the South Platte River Basin of Colorado. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170207

Colorado School of Mines

21. Marlin-Tackie, Frances. Suburban unconventional energy development: an evaluation of key characteristics behind public trust and risk perceptions.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2019, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172849

► The dueling expansions of both hydraulic fracturing and population in the Colorado Front Range have sparked intense political conflict as these two land uses encroach… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: memorandums of understanding; risk perceptions; unconventional energy; public trust; hydraulic fracturing; suburban development

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APA (6^th Edition):

Marlin-Tackie, F. (2019). Suburban unconventional energy development: an evaluation of key characteristics behind public trust and risk perceptions. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172849

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marlin-Tackie, Frances. “Suburban unconventional energy development: an evaluation of key characteristics behind public trust and risk perceptions.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172849.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marlin-Tackie, Frances. “Suburban unconventional energy development: an evaluation of key characteristics behind public trust and risk perceptions.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Marlin-Tackie F. Suburban unconventional energy development: an evaluation of key characteristics behind public trust and risk perceptions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172849.

Council of Science Editors:

Marlin-Tackie F. Suburban unconventional energy development: an evaluation of key characteristics behind public trust and risk perceptions. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172849

Colorado School of Mines

22. Rust, Ashley J. Wildfire in the west: evaluating water quality and ecosystem impacts and their controlling factors.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172016

► Wildfires are a natural disturbance that are increasing in size and severity in forested landscapes across the Western United States. Forest fires affect water quality… (more)

▼ Wildfires are a natural disturbance that are increasing in size and severity in forested landscapes across the Western United States. Forest fires affect water quality in the disrupted watershed, which can significantly alter the aquatic ecosystem, including sensitive trout (Salmonidae) and macroinvertebrate species. However, the type and duration of the water quality impact from fire is unpredictable. Previous studies on individual fires have observed an increase in various forms of nutrients, ions, sediments, and metals in stream water for different post-fire time periods. After some western wildfires, a shift in the macroinvertebrate community has been observed, although this response is not consistent either. Fire can also directly impact fish and lead to local extirpations of fish populations, but this has only been observed in a few rare instances. While wildfires clearly are growing in size and severity, less is known about the type of stream water quality and community impacts that should be anticipated from these growing fires. This dissertation first explores how water quality and the aquatic community were disrupted by a large Colorado fire. The West Fork Fire Complex consumed 110,000 acres of forest in the state of Colorado during the summer of 2013. The recent fire surrounded the Rio Grande, affecting water quality and habitat critical to insects and fish. The water quality of the Rio Grande (above and below the burn) and some of the effected tributaries was monitored for three years after the fire. All water quality parameters remained the same above and below the fire except turbidity and total suspended solids. Steep, severely burned hillslopes experienced erosion and were the source of sediment loading into the surface water. Despite elevated turbidity levels that persisted for three years in close proximity to the fire, the ecosystem showed resiliency and aquatic macroinvertebrate populations and trout populations have recovered. From the first study on a single fire, the question remained, what is the typical water quality response after fire? To answer this question, data was compiled for over 24,000 fires across the western United States to evaluate post-fire water quality response. Data from 172 of these fires in 153 burned watersheds were used to identify common water quality response during the first five years after a fire. Within this large dataset, a subset of ten fires was examined further to identify trends in water quality response. Change-point analysis was used to identify moments in the post-fire water quality data where significant shifts in analyte concentrations occurred. Evidence from this analysis reveals significant increases in nutrient flux (different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus), major-ion flux, and metal concentrations are the most common changes in stream water quality within the first five years after fire. Assembling this unique and extensive data set provided the opportunity to determine the most common post-fire water quality changes in the large and diverse… Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), McCray, John E. (committee member), Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K. (committee member), Ranville, James F. (committee member), Todd, Andrew (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: fish; post-fire recovery; wildfire; macroinvertebrates; determinants of water quality response; water quality

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rust, A. J. (2017). Wildfire in the west: evaluating water quality and ecosystem impacts and their controlling factors. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172016

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rust, Ashley J. “Wildfire in the west: evaluating water quality and ecosystem impacts and their controlling factors.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172016.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rust, Ashley J. “Wildfire in the west: evaluating water quality and ecosystem impacts and their controlling factors.” 2017. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Rust AJ. Wildfire in the west: evaluating water quality and ecosystem impacts and their controlling factors. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172016.

Council of Science Editors:

Rust AJ. Wildfire in the west: evaluating water quality and ecosystem impacts and their controlling factors. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172016

Colorado School of Mines

23. Ruybal, Christopher J. Spatio-temporal assessment of groundwater resources in the Denver Basin Aquifer System.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172324

► Groundwater is an important resource in the Unites States and provides about 40% of the country’s public water supply. Withdrawals have dramatically increased in many… (more)

▼ Groundwater is an important resource in the Unites States and provides about 40% of the country’s public water supply. Withdrawals have dramatically increased in many aquifers, leading to groundwater depletion and questions about future sustainability. In Colorado, the long-term sustainability of the Denver Basin Aquifer System is considered by some as questionable and insufficient to support future demands. Groundwater depletion has been widely documented over the past several decades as groundwater withdrawals have increased and competition for water further stresses supplies. Groundwater monitoring is fundamental to understanding system dynamics, trends in storage, and the long-term sustainability of an aquifer. However, groundwater level data are typically spatially and temporally sparse relative to the data density desired for aquifer-scale analysis. The problems with missing temporal data from water wells in particular has not been addressed in much detail, yet can cause important misinterpretation with regard to groundwater sustainability. This research aims to mitigate some of the problems with current approaches to analyzing water well data by incorporating a new method of spatial-temporal analysis, with particular emphasis on addressing missing temporal data. In addition, we evaluate the ability of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites to improve the temporal sustainability analysis. The methodology is first illustrated using a case study in the Arapahoe Aquifer and is then expanded to all aquifers of the Denver Basin Aquifer System. Remote sensing is utilized from GRACE to provide another perspective on determining groundwater storage changes. Results from this dissertation provide a framework for monitoring and management of groundwater resources along the Colorado Front Range as well as other water-stressed regions of the western U.S. Advisors/Committee Members: McCray, John E. (advisor), Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Benson, David A. (committee member), Singha, Kamini (committee member), Zhou, Wendy (committee member), Scanlon, Bridget R. (committee member), DiGiulio, Dominic C. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Denver Basin Aquifer System; groundwater; spatio-temporal; GRACE; Colorado; kriging

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ruybal, C. J. (2018). Spatio-temporal assessment of groundwater resources in the Denver Basin Aquifer System. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172324

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ruybal, Christopher J. “Spatio-temporal assessment of groundwater resources in the Denver Basin Aquifer System.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172324.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ruybal, Christopher J. “Spatio-temporal assessment of groundwater resources in the Denver Basin Aquifer System.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ruybal CJ. Spatio-temporal assessment of groundwater resources in the Denver Basin Aquifer System. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172324.

Council of Science Editors:

Ruybal CJ. Spatio-temporal assessment of groundwater resources in the Denver Basin Aquifer System. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172324

Colorado School of Mines

24. Blount, Kyle. Assessing the impacts of hydrologic disturbances on urban water supply and demand in the western United States.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2020, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175341

► In the semi-arid western U.S., urban water systems are facing growing challenges to both supply and demand associated with growing populations, urban development, wildfires in… (more)

▼ In the semi-arid western U.S., urban water systems are facing growing challenges to both supply and demand associated with growing populations, urban development, wildfires in headwaters basins, and climate change. Wildfire and climate change can alter the volume and timing of water delivery to downstream systems, and projected increases in temperature are expected to increase demand in urban systems. Along the Colorado Front Range, extensive redevelopment is changing the characteristics of the urban systems that drive water demand. To better understand the impacts of disturbance on regional water supply and demand, this dissertation assesses post-fire changes to water yield in a burned watershed in the Rockies and investigates trends in and drivers of urban irrigation, a consumptive use of water, in Denver, Colorado. After the Chippy Creek Fire in 2007, the Mill Creek Basin in Montana experienced abrupt shifts in vegetation, from evergreen forest to shrub/scrub and grasslands, resulting in significant changes in local hydrologic partitioning and altering downstream supplies. Evapotranspiration from the basin decreased by 46%, and water yield increased by 140% during the first decade after the fire with no clear recovery trends. In Denver, temperature and land cover influenced demand for outdoor water use between 1995 and 2018. Increasing temperatures drove significant increases in irrigation rates in 37% of Denver census block groups, and the percentage of water used outdoors increased significantly across the city during this period. Finally, examinations of irrigation rates at the parcel scale in Denver show significant differences between land uses that are associated with variation in impervious land cover. Modeled residential redevelopment scenarios show reductions of 141,000 m3 (114 AF) of residential outdoor use per 1% increase in single-family parcels redeveloped to multi-family units. This work contributes essential insights toward improving the resiliency of water systems and understanding key factors that influence sustainable urban development. Despite the destructive nature of wildfire, results indicate that increases in water yield following fire in headwaters basins can be utilized for downstream urban supply if managers appropriately plan for altered volume and quality. As temperatures rise and indoor water use becomes more efficient or is recycled, outdoor use comprises an increasingly large portion of total urban water demand, posing challenges to climate adaptation within water-limited cities. However, by integrating land use and water planning, the residential redevelopment of urban areas provides opportunities to reduce outdoor demand and design urban green spaces to achieve multiple benefits efficiently. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Ajami, Newsha (committee member), Bell, Colin D. (committee member), Read, Laura (committee member), Singha, Kamini (committee member), Smith, Jessica, 1980- (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: irrigation; remote sensing; wildfire; redevelopment; hydrology; urban water supply

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APA (6^th Edition):

Blount, K. (2020). Assessing the impacts of hydrologic disturbances on urban water supply and demand in the western United States. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175341

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Blount, Kyle. “Assessing the impacts of hydrologic disturbances on urban water supply and demand in the western United States.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175341.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Blount, Kyle. “Assessing the impacts of hydrologic disturbances on urban water supply and demand in the western United States.” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Blount K. Assessing the impacts of hydrologic disturbances on urban water supply and demand in the western United States. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175341.

Council of Science Editors:

Blount K. Assessing the impacts of hydrologic disturbances on urban water supply and demand in the western United States. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175341

Colorado School of Mines

25. Spahr, Katie M. Contextualizing and communicating the ancillary benefits of green stormwater infrastructure.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2020, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174158

► As we move into an era of increased urbanization, stormwater practitioners are charged with creating multi-functional solutions through the installation of stormwater control measures (SCMs).… (more)

▼ As we move into an era of increased urbanization, stormwater practitioners are charged with creating multi-functional solutions through the installation of stormwater control measures (SCMs). Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) mirrors natural hydrologic processes and can be used as an alternative or complement to traditional grey infrastructure. To encourage greener interventions, practitioners promote co-benefits (ancillary social, ecological and environmental outcomes). Co-benefits are difficult to quantify because they span a diverse set of categories that cannot be easily measured with a single metric. This dissertation advances the science of co-benefits by querying (1) the impact greening programs have on vegetation in cities, (2) the public’s preference for GSI and co-benefits, and (3) the feasibility of incorporating co-benefits into the planning process. First, a ten-city greenness study found that robust GSI programs did not always correspond with increased city-wide greenness. In Philadelphia, the installation of non-vegetated SCMs contributed to decreased urban greenness. Second, a survey administered in three cities found that respondents preferred new GSI installations and had less confidence in GSI to handle storms. The co-benefits surveyed were favorable to most respondents, but a clear divide was identified between environmental and socio-economic related benefits. Finally, a critical review of the literature informed a SCM/benefit attribution matrix that was then applied to a case study in the Berkeley neighborhood of Denver, CO. We found that hydrologic benefits related to SCMs can be quantified using stormwater modeling. To assess vegetated benefits related to SCMs, we created the framework of the 4 C’s (community, context, connectivity and canopy) to leverage surrounding urban green infrastructure (like parks) because the modeled solution would add only 1% to the neighborhood’s vegetated area. To incorporate the results of this dissertation into stormwater planning, we advocate that municipalities adopt multi-department integrated vegetation goals to optimize the benefits of all types of urban green infrastructure. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), McCray, John E. (advisor), Smith, Jessica, 1980- (committee member), Munakata Marr, Junko (committee member), Higgins, Christopher P. (committee member), Stokes-Draut, Jennifer (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: green infrastructure; NDVI; co-benefits; urban greenness; multi-functional planning

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APA (6^th Edition):

Spahr, K. M. (2020). Contextualizing and communicating the ancillary benefits of green stormwater infrastructure. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174158

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Spahr, Katie M. “Contextualizing and communicating the ancillary benefits of green stormwater infrastructure.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174158.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Spahr, Katie M. “Contextualizing and communicating the ancillary benefits of green stormwater infrastructure.” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Spahr KM. Contextualizing and communicating the ancillary benefits of green stormwater infrastructure. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174158.

Council of Science Editors:

Spahr KM. Contextualizing and communicating the ancillary benefits of green stormwater infrastructure. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/174158

Colorado School of Mines

26. Rice, Amy K. Groundwater-quality implications of methane leakage from hydrocarbon wellbores.

Degree: PhD, Geology and Geological Engineering, 2018, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172149

► Loss of hydrocarbon wellbore integrity can lead to impaired groundwater quality. Methane is the most probable groundwater contaminant from hydrocarbon wellbore leakage due to its… (more)

▼ Loss of hydrocarbon wellbore integrity can lead to impaired groundwater quality. Methane is the most probable groundwater contaminant from hydrocarbon wellbore leakage due to its buoyancy and natural abundance. Here, a synthesis of the literature is conducted to investigate groundwater-quality hazards of methane leakage from hydrocarbon wells. As informed by this synthesis, three-dimensional, multiphase (gas and liquid), multicomponent (methane, water, salt), numerical modeling (in TOUGH2 EOS7C) is used to evaluate methane leakage from a natural-gas wellbore that migrates upwards towards groundwater. This work focuses on processes with the potential to slow down methane migration since older wells, completed before modern regulations, are more likely to leak. Potentially delaying processes simulated here include (i) multiphase flow, which allows orders of magnitude slower flow as compared to single-phase models due in part to changes in relative permeability, (ii) geostatistical variation of intrinsic permeability, and (iii) dual-domain mass transfer (DDMT), which permits storage of solutes in less-mobile pore space for long periods of time. In these simulations, variation in multiphase parameters (i.e., those impacting relative permeability and capillarity) leads to substantial changes in the flow rates of methane reaching groundwater, with a greater impact than the changes in flow rates associated with variability in intrinsic permeability. Multiphase parameters must, therefore, be measured, or carefully estimated, with more general approaches (e.g., setting parameters at reasonable or literature values) likely to produce significant errors in models of methane migration. DDMT substantially increases methane flow rates to groundwater, and leads to peaks in methane concentration at a downstream well, which occur decades after leakage ends. Therefore, in these simulations, legacy wells with wellbore integrity loss present a current hazard to groundwater resources, even following remediation of leaking wells. Advisors/Committee Members: Singha, Kamini (advisor), McCray, John E. (committee member), Hogue, Terri S. (committee member), Eustes, Alfred William (committee member), Navarre-Sitchler, Alexis K. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: hydraulic fracturing; stray gas; wellbore leakage; methane; groundwater quality; water/energy nexus

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rice, A. K. (2018). Groundwater-quality implications of methane leakage from hydrocarbon wellbores. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172149

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rice, Amy K. “Groundwater-quality implications of methane leakage from hydrocarbon wellbores.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172149.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rice, Amy K. “Groundwater-quality implications of methane leakage from hydrocarbon wellbores.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Rice AK. Groundwater-quality implications of methane leakage from hydrocarbon wellbores. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172149.

Council of Science Editors:

Rice AK. Groundwater-quality implications of methane leakage from hydrocarbon wellbores. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/172149

Colorado School of Mines

27. Manago, Kimberly F. Evaluating hydrologic change in a semi-arid city: the impacts of land cover, water consumption, and policy directives on local water fluxes in Los Angeles, CA.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171590

► California experienced one of its worst droughts in recorded history from 2013-2015, resulting in the first statewide mandatory water restriction. The stated restrictions specifically targeted… (more)

▼ California experienced one of its worst droughts in recorded history from 2013-2015, resulting in the first statewide mandatory water restriction. The stated restrictions specifically targeted urban water use, with a major focus on outdoor irrigation. With over 80% of the U.S. population living in urban centers, many of which are water-scarce cities, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the numerous impacts of urbanization and water management policies on local hydrologic fluxes. Two of the most common land cover types associated with urban regions are impervious surfaces and irrigated landscapes, however, they have opposite impacts on hydrologic fluxes. In most studies, the impact of urbanization is primarily characterized by impervious surfaces; however, in semi-arid regions, high rates of irrigation puts stress on water supplies by increasing demands and leading to major alterations to local hydrologic behavior. The objective of this dissertation is to improve understanding of how and to what degree urban land surfaces, water consumption practices, and conservation policies impact hydrologic fluxes in a semi-arid city, using Los Angeles, California as a case study. This was analyzed through three studies, each examining alterations to a component of the local water budget. The first study evaluated the response of streamflow to outdoor irrigation practices and water conservation policies by comparing pre- vs during-water conservation streamflow data. The second study applied a Bayesian Hierarchical Model to fill missing groundwater level data allowing for examination of land cover and water management impacts on recharge rates. The third study utilized empirical equations derived from in-situ measurements to analyze the effect of land cover composition and vegetation type on evapotranspiration rates. Overall, results indicate that irrigated landscapes play a large role in altering all evaluated hydrologic fluxes, often having a greater impact than impervious surfaces, making irrigation a crucial component to consider when studying urban regions. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Hering, Amanda S. (committee member), Higgins, Christopher P. (committee member), McCray, John E. (committee member), Smith, Jessica, 1980- (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: groundwater; surface water; water management; land cover; evapotranspiration; urban hydrology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Manago, K. F. (2017). Evaluating hydrologic change in a semi-arid city: the impacts of land cover, water consumption, and policy directives on local water fluxes in Los Angeles, CA. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171590

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Manago, Kimberly F. “Evaluating hydrologic change in a semi-arid city: the impacts of land cover, water consumption, and policy directives on local water fluxes in Los Angeles, CA.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171590.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Manago, Kimberly F. “Evaluating hydrologic change in a semi-arid city: the impacts of land cover, water consumption, and policy directives on local water fluxes in Los Angeles, CA.” 2017. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Manago KF. Evaluating hydrologic change in a semi-arid city: the impacts of land cover, water consumption, and policy directives on local water fluxes in Los Angeles, CA. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171590.

Council of Science Editors:

Manago KF. Evaluating hydrologic change in a semi-arid city: the impacts of land cover, water consumption, and policy directives on local water fluxes in Los Angeles, CA. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171590

Colorado School of Mines

28. Valentin, Melissa McShea. Identifying climate-related hydrologic regime change in mountainous, cold-region watersheds.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171604

► The watershed response to climate warming in cold regions is a critical area of water resources research because slight changes in temperature can trigger abrupt… (more)

▼ The watershed response to climate warming in cold regions is a critical area of water resources research because slight changes in temperature can trigger abrupt changes in hydrologic regimes. A regime shift occurs when the cumulative effect of small perturbations causes an abrupt change in system behavior. As mountainous cold regions warm, potential regime shifts include the loss of snow and glaciers, permafrost thaw, and transitioning from snow-dominated to rainfall-dominated streamflow patterns. Cold regions occupy over half of the land area in the northern hemisphere, and encompass a broad range of physiographic features and climates; this research into regime change focuses on a subset of cold regions situated in mountainous terrain at mid- and high-latitudes where streamflow is dominated by seasonal snow and glacier meltwater. The science questions guiding this dissertation research explore the hydrologic regime changes that may occur as cold region landscapes continue to warm. To facilitate this research, and to address the absence of a parsimonious water balance model with integrated glacier dynamics and permafrost features, an established USGS water balance model was substantially enhanced with representations of multiple cold region processes. Modeling of hydroclimatic interactions spanning the time period 1950 to 2100 was performed in two different cold-region landscapes: the snow-dominated Rio Grande Headwaters (RGH) in the Colorado Rocky Mountains and the heavily glacierized Copper River watershed in Southcentral Alaska. The mid-latitude RGH reveals little streamflow sensitivity to historical changes in climate, but it does exhibit vulnerability to projected future climate change; by the end of this century, the RGH may no longer possess the characteristics of a snow-dominated watershed that define it today. In the Copper River, discharge is projected to surge by almost 50% by the end of this century as precipitation increases and water is released from perennial storage in snow and ice; however, as glacier mass is exhausted, the inevitable decline of glacier contributions to streamflow will be evident in some tributaries as early as the 2050s. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), McCray, John E. (committee member), Sharp, Jonathan O. (committee member), Hay, Lauren E. (committee member), Smith, Jessica, 1980- (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: climate change; hydrologic model; water balance; cryosphere; Alaska; Rio Grande

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Valentin, M. M. (2017). Identifying climate-related hydrologic regime change in mountainous, cold-region watersheds. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171604

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Valentin, Melissa McShea. “Identifying climate-related hydrologic regime change in mountainous, cold-region watersheds.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171604.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Valentin, Melissa McShea. “Identifying climate-related hydrologic regime change in mountainous, cold-region watersheds.” 2017. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Valentin MM. Identifying climate-related hydrologic regime change in mountainous, cold-region watersheds. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171604.

Council of Science Editors:

Valentin MM. Identifying climate-related hydrologic regime change in mountainous, cold-region watersheds. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171604

Colorado School of Mines

29. Reyes, Bryant. Anthropogenic impacts on the water and energy balance of an urban semi-arid environment.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2019, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173248

► As the world rapidly urbanizes, a grasp of water resources within an urban context becomes crucial to both the policy and scientific communities. Yet many… (more)

▼ As the world rapidly urbanizes, a grasp of water resources within an urban context becomes crucial to both the policy and scientific communities. Yet many of the operational and management models used to inform these policies lack vital parameterizations needed to simulate the hydrologic system holistically. Anthropogenic processes and changes to the hydrologic cycle caused by urbanization (land use change, denser building patterns, increases in imported water and water use, increased surface imperviousness, increased subsurface infrastructure, etc.) are known to have significant and interacting impacts on the hydrologic system as a whole; only recently has the hydrologic community been able to quantify these effects and understand their behavior. The work presented here assesses the processes simulated by an integrated, coupled land surface and hydrologic model at various spatial scales in the urban domain. Throughout this work data pertaining to Ballona Creek watershed in Los Angeles, California is used in both model building and analysis. The watershed contains highly urbanized and diverse portions of the cities of Santa Monica and Los Angeles, along with more natural land surfaces in the northern portions of the watershed, with a wide range of urban land cover and land use scenarios in a semi-arid environment. We begin this work by utilizing two land cover datasets for the City of Los Angeles: (1) the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) dataset at a 30-m resolution; and (2) an ultra-high-resolution dataset at a 0.6-m resolution. Various permutations and resolutions of the model are simulated for a spin-up and two-year study period. The impact of the highly organized, yet heterogeneous, land cover typical of the urban domain is shown to impact the runoff/runon process characteristics of these domains, creating variations in overland flow and evapotranspiration (ET). Spatial scaling land surface and hydrologic parameters creates systematic diurnal biases in the surface energy budget in contrast to the seasonal biases causes by lateral flow processes. In addition to creating land surface parameters for the widely used NLCD urban land covers, this work illustrates nonlinear issues of scale and resolution and improves understanding of how these processes affect the surface energy and hydrologic budgets. Next, remotely sensed observations of land surface temperature and land cover are paired with domestic water use data to assess the direct impact of outdoor water use. We find a decrease of up to 3.2±0.02 Kelvin between low and high irrigation areas of similar land cover; simulations are able to capture this difference but underestimate absolute values throughout. Model simulations show that irrigation timing has a small impact on ET and runoff and that relatively low irrigation volumes push the semi-arid urban environment of Ballona Creek into a sub-humid regime. Finally, we utilize a range of land surface and hydrologic models applied at a high spatial resolution (1-km) to quantify some of the deficiencies seen in… Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Maxwell, Reed M. (advisor), Hering, Amanda S. (committee member), McCray, John E. (committee member), Peters-Lidard, Christa Dianne, 1969- (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: irrigation; outdoor water-use; hydrological modeling; urban hydrology; land surface modeling

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Reyes, B. (2019). Anthropogenic impacts on the water and energy balance of an urban semi-arid environment. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173248

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reyes, Bryant. “Anthropogenic impacts on the water and energy balance of an urban semi-arid environment.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173248.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reyes, Bryant. “Anthropogenic impacts on the water and energy balance of an urban semi-arid environment.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Reyes B. Anthropogenic impacts on the water and energy balance of an urban semi-arid environment. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173248.

Council of Science Editors:

Reyes B. Anthropogenic impacts on the water and energy balance of an urban semi-arid environment. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/173248

30. Neel, Abbye. Differentiating and evaluating human-induced versus climate-induced impacts on urban vegetation in Denver, CO.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171007

► Changes in vegetation patterns within cities can have detrimental environmental consequences, including increased temperatures and exacerbated water and air pollution problems which threaten human health… (more)

▼ Changes in vegetation patterns within cities can have detrimental environmental consequences, including increased temperatures and exacerbated water and air pollution problems which threaten human health and preservation of environmental resources. Given expected growth in urban population, and in the context of climate change, understanding how city development effects urban green spaces is important in order to combat the negative effects decreased vegetation creates within cities. While the effects of traditional open space development on vegetation are well documented, the impacts of new city development practices (e.g. infill development) on vegetation have yet to be examined. As one of the country’s top ten fastest growing cities in the United States, Denver, Colorado provides a unique opportunity to study the effects of mandated infill development on vegetation patterns. Frequently cited as a “smart growth” alternative to traditional open space development, the current study investigates the effects of land cover change associated with infill development has on vegetation patterns across the City of Denver. Using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and a regression based statistical analysis, a methodology for identifying areas of change and the main drivers of those changes, is outlined. Results indicate that vegetation within Denver has significantly changed during the study period (1984-2016). Patterns within the city showed no significant correlation to precipitation drivers, suggesting anthropogenic factors may be the main driver of vegetation change within the city. Specifically, the majority of change is often linked to infill development with a majority of neighborhoods with significant decreased vegetation aligned to neighborhoods with significant amounts of infill. Study results highlight the importance in understanding anthropogenic impacts on vegetation and the danger in assuming new development practices provide all encompassing solution to traditional urban development. Results will also facilitate the City’s ability to properly develop and manage urban green spaces. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), McCray, John E. (committee member), Read, Laura (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: infill development; remote sensing; NDVI; change analysis

…sustainability of Los Angeles, and a Colorado School of Mines Hydrologic Science and Engineering…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Neel, A. (2017). Differentiating and evaluating human-induced versus climate-induced impacts on urban vegetation in Denver, CO. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171007

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Neel, Abbye. “Differentiating and evaluating human-induced versus climate-induced impacts on urban vegetation in Denver, CO.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171007.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Neel, Abbye. “Differentiating and evaluating human-induced versus climate-induced impacts on urban vegetation in Denver, CO.” 2017. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Neel A. Differentiating and evaluating human-induced versus climate-induced impacts on urban vegetation in Denver, CO. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171007.

Council of Science Editors:

Neel A. Differentiating and evaluating human-induced versus climate-induced impacts on urban vegetation in Denver, CO. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/171007

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations