+publisher:"AUT University" +contributor:("McNair, Peter")

AUT University

1. Survepalli, David George. Foot and ankle characteristics in patients with chronic Gout: a case controlled study .

Degree: 2010, AUT University

► Introduction: Gout affects approximately 15% of Maori and Pacific men, these men being at risk of early onset, severe disease with formation of gouty tophi… (more)

▼ Introduction: Gout affects approximately 15% of Maori and Pacific men, these men being at risk of early onset, severe disease with formation of gouty tophi and joint damage. Gout most frequently affects the foot, particularly the big toe and midfoot. This disease initially presents as self-limiting attacks of severe joint inflammation, and in the presence of persistent hyperuricaemia, tophaceous disease may also develop. Tophi are collections of monosodium urate crystals surrounded by chronic inflammatory cells and connective tissue. Tophi typically occur in both subcutaneous tissues and within affected joints, and may cause pain, cosmetic problems, mechanical obstruction of joint movement, and joint destruction. Despite the predilection of gout to the foot, the impact of gout on foot function is currently unknown and only case studies relating to hallux pain, tibial sesamoid pain and longitudinal tears in peroneal tendons have been reported in the literature. The aim of this study is to assess the intra-tester reliability of certain biomechanical tests to evaluate foot structure and function (plantar pressure measurements, gait parameters, range of motion at the ankle and first MTPJ and the foot posture index) in individuals with gout and to assess the differences between disability, impairment, foot structure and function between individuals with gout and non-gout controls. Subjects: A total of 25 patients with chronic gout with a mean age of 61.2 (11.7) years old were recruited from a rheumatology clinic within the Auckland District Health Board. A further 25 age-and sex-matched controls with a mean age of 57.3 (12.2) years old were recruited from AUT University. Methods: Disability, impairment, foot structure and foot function were assessed for the gout and the control group. Disability and impairment was assessed using the Health Assessment Questionnaire, Foot Function Index, Leeds Foot Impact Scale and Lower Limb Task Questionnaire. Foot structure was investigated using the Foot Posture Index, first metatarsophangeal joint (MTPJ) dorsiflexion, ankle dorsiflexion movement, subtalar joint and midtarsal joint motion, Foot Problem Score, tophi count and muscle strength of extrinsic and intrinsic foot muscles. Foot function was investigated using an in-shoe pressure system measuring mean peak plantar pressures and pressure-time integrals. Temporal-spatial gait parameters were evaluated, as well as peripheral sensation and vibration perception threshold. Plantar pressures were assessed using the Tekscan pressure insole system, gait parameters were measured using the Gaitmat walkway system, peripheral sensation and vibration threshold were assessed using 10gm monofilament and biothesiometer respectively. Intra-tester reliability was investigated using ICC, Standard Error of Measurement and Smallest Real Difference in the gout group for key measures (Foot Posture Index, first MTPJ dorsiflexion, ankle dorsiflexion movement, peak plantar pressures, pressure-time integrals and gait parameters). To investigate the… Advisors/Committee Members: Rome, Keith (advisor), McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Gout; Foot; Pain; Foot function; Disability; Activity limitation; Shoes; Foot structure

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APA (6^th Edition):

Survepalli, D. G. (2010). Foot and ankle characteristics in patients with chronic Gout: a case controlled study . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/973

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Survepalli, David George. “Foot and ankle characteristics in patients with chronic Gout: a case controlled study .” 2010. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/973.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Survepalli, David George. “Foot and ankle characteristics in patients with chronic Gout: a case controlled study .” 2010. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Survepalli DG. Foot and ankle characteristics in patients with chronic Gout: a case controlled study . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2010. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/973.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Survepalli DG. Foot and ankle characteristics in patients with chronic Gout: a case controlled study . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/973

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

2. Mawston, Grant Allen. Neuromuscular and postural responses to sudden loading and high frequency lifting: effects of posture and fatigue .

Degree: 2010, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1058

► Sudden unexpected loading and high frequency repetitive lifting have been identified as risk factors for low back injury. Despite the risk that such factors pose,… (more)

▼ Sudden unexpected loading and high frequency repetitive lifting have been identified as risk factors for low back injury. Despite the risk that such factors pose, there is a dearth of literature concerning the influence of posture and fatigue on muscular, postural, subjective and physiological responses in these situations. The primary aim of this thesis was to examine the effects of posture and lifting-induced fatigue on neuromuscular, postural, psychophysical and physiological responses to sudden loading and repetitive lifting. The first two studies in this thesis focused on muscular and postural responses to sudden loading of a hand-held box in an upright and stoop standing posture. Trials were performed with and without visual warning and following lifting-induced fatigue. Sudden loading in an upright posture resulted in co-activation of oblique abdominal and erector spinae musculature, with relatively simultaneous joint initiation of the lower limb and lumbar spine. In contrast, sudden loading in the stoop posture produced minimal abdominal muscle contribution. Maximal angular joint excursion was significantly less in the stoop than that in the upright posture. Prior exposure and warning primarily affected postural responses in the upright posture with earlier activation of the trunk and lower limb musculature resulting in a reduction in joint excursion. Such a mechanism may enhance postural stability. However, the influence of warning on reducing joint motion was compromised when fatigued. Studies three and four of the thesis focused on the effects of self-selected lifting posture (squat, mixed and stoop) and fatigue during repetitive lifting on psychophysical, physiological, neuromuscular and lumbar spine kinematic responses. Study three compared lifting postures using ratings of perceived exertion and heart rate response patterns. Similar subjective and physiological responses were found for different lifting postures, with a progressive rise in ratings of perceived exertion and heart rate measures throughout the task. All postures exhibited evidence of erector spinae muscle fatigue at the end of the task. Study four examined the effect of self-selected lifting posture on lumbosacral kinematics and associated trunk muscle activation patterns during lifting and lowering, pre and post fatigued. When compared to squat lifting, individuals who self-selected a stoop lifting technique displayed different lower erector spinae activation patterns. The stoop lifters also flexed their lumbar spines at faster velocities and adopted greater lumbosacral flexion than squat lifters, which could potentially place greater strain on the passive structures of the spine. Fatigue influenced lumbosacral motion patterns of stoop and mixed lifters to a greater extent than squat lifters, resulting in a decreased range and velocity of lumbar extension. Findings from this thesis provide insight into the underlying neuromuscular control of the trunk during high risk manual handling activities. It provides important information… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor), Boocock, Mark (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Lumbar spine; Sudden loading; Repetitive lifting; Fatigue; Posture; Electromyography

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mawston, G. A. (2010). Neuromuscular and postural responses to sudden loading and high frequency lifting: effects of posture and fatigue . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1058

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mawston, Grant Allen. “Neuromuscular and postural responses to sudden loading and high frequency lifting: effects of posture and fatigue .” 2010. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1058.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mawston, Grant Allen. “Neuromuscular and postural responses to sudden loading and high frequency lifting: effects of posture and fatigue .” 2010. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Mawston GA. Neuromuscular and postural responses to sudden loading and high frequency lifting: effects of posture and fatigue . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2010. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1058.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mawston GA. Neuromuscular and postural responses to sudden loading and high frequency lifting: effects of posture and fatigue . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1058

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

3. O'Brien, Daniel William. Action and coping plans as strategies to improve exercise adherence in people with Osteoarthritis of the hip and/ or knee joint .

Degree: 2010, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1063

► Osteoarthritis is a common, long-term, degenerative joint disease often affecting the hips and knees. Aerobic, strength and stretching exercise programmes have been shown to improve… (more)

▼ Osteoarthritis is a common, long-term, degenerative joint disease often affecting the hips and knees. Aerobic, strength and stretching exercise programmes have been shown to improve function in people with osteoarthritis, but their full benefits are limited by poor adherence. Action and coping plans, a central component of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model of behaviour change, have been shown to improve exercise adherence behaviour in people with long term disorders. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of action and coping plans on exercise adherence behaviour in people with osteoarthritis of the hip and or knee. Twenty seven people with moderate osteoarthritis of the knee and or hip were randomly allocated to the exercise group plus action and coping planning (intervention) or the exercise group only (control). Fifteen of these people completed the programme. Both groups attended a lower limb exercise class three times per week for a period of 12 weeks and completed a home-based walking and stretching programme. The outcome measures were adherence measured throughout the exercise programme and self-efficacy and functional outcomes measured at the beginning and the end of the programme. Adherence was assessed class attendance and adherence to the class- and home-based exercise programmes. Self-efficacy was measured by phase specific self-efficacy (task, maintenance and recovery) and the Arthritis Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Functional outcomes were actual functional performance (TUG, 6MWT, step test and 10MWT), perceived functional performance (LLTQ-ADL), and pain. The group comparisons were analysed using analysis of variance, and correlations were analysed using Pearson correlation coefficients and regression analyses where appropriate. There were no significant differences between the two groups’ rates of class attendance (p=.811), class-based exercise adherence (p=.522), home-based exercise (p=.209) and walking adherence ( p=.927). There were no significant differences in the self-efficacy scores of the control group over the time of the study. In comparison to the control group, the intervention group’s Arthritis Self-Efficacy Questionnaire function subscale scores were significantly higher post-study (p=.015), but their maintenance self-efficacy scores were significantly lower post-study (p=.025). Significant differences in the actual functional performance measures occurred between the two groups from pre- to post-study, with the intervention group improving significantly on the TUG (p=.005), step test (p<.0005) and the 10MWT (p=.007), but the control group improved significantly only on the 10MWT (p=.029). There was significant difference in the action and coping plans group’s perceived functional performance measures from pre- to post-study (p=.007), but not for the control group (p=.460). Notable significant correlations occurred between; pre-study Arthritis Self-Efficacy Questionnaire other activities subscale and home walking adherence (r= .43); post-study… Advisors/Committee Members: Bassett, Sandra (advisor), McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Physiotherapy; Adherence; Exercise; Osteoarthritis; Self-efficacy

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

O'Brien, D. W. (2010). Action and coping plans as strategies to improve exercise adherence in people with Osteoarthritis of the hip and/ or knee joint . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1063

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

O'Brien, Daniel William. “Action and coping plans as strategies to improve exercise adherence in people with Osteoarthritis of the hip and/ or knee joint .” 2010. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1063.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

O'Brien, Daniel William. “Action and coping plans as strategies to improve exercise adherence in people with Osteoarthritis of the hip and/ or knee joint .” 2010. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

O'Brien DW. Action and coping plans as strategies to improve exercise adherence in people with Osteoarthritis of the hip and/ or knee joint . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2010. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1063.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

O'Brien DW. Action and coping plans as strategies to improve exercise adherence in people with Osteoarthritis of the hip and/ or knee joint . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1063

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

4. Forbes, Roma. The lower limb tasks questionnaire: is it useful in the assessment of function in low back pain sufferers? .

Degree: 2011, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1172

► Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate selected measurement properties of the Lower Limb Tasks Questionnaire (LLTQ) in a sample of acute Low… (more)

▼ Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate selected measurement properties of the Lower Limb Tasks Questionnaire (LLTQ) in a sample of acute Low Back Pain (LBP) subjects, and compare these findings to the Roland Morris Questionnaire (RMQ). The primary aim of the study was to investigate the responsiveness and minimal clinical important difference (MCID) within this population. Additionally, an analysis of the content and construct validity of the LLTQ was undertaken. Study Design: A quantitative prospective evaluation of outcome measures, assessing limitations in physical function change over a course of treatment. Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) is a common condition associated with a loss of function. As restoration of function is a major aim of physiotherapy management and the utilisation of outcome measurements is a fundamental requirement of practice, clinicians must have measures that can detect meaningful change in this construct. The LLTQ is an outcome measure which has been used for populations with lower limb conditions, and in this population it has been shown to demonstrate sound psychometric properties. It offers potential advantages to clinicians and researchers relating to its scoring system, its ability to delineate functional tasks relating to activities of daily life and recreation and to assessing the importance of tasks to the individual. Methods: Sixty nine subjects who presented for physiotherapy treatment with acute LBP completed the LLTQ and RMQ at the initial visit, when a level of ‘improved’ had been reached using a 7 point Global Perceived Effect score (GPE), and at discharge. Statistical procedures included, analysis of importance rating data and correlation analysis between baseline LLTQ and RMQ scores to investigate content and construct validity respectively. Responsiveness was estimated using distribution based analyses of effect size, the standardised response mean (SRM) and the minimal detectable change (MDC) for both measures. An anchor based receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to establish best cut off points to estimate the MCID of the LLTQ, and was repeated for variations of baseline scores. Results: The LLTQ was found to cover a wider spread of important functional tasks specifically relating to social, work and employment activities than the RMQ when contrasted with the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) model. A moderate correlation of RMQ scores with both domains of the LLTQ was found (r= .56 and .67), with a significantly stronger correlation demonstrated with the Recreational domain. There was a significant increase in LLTQ scores between the baseline and ‘improved’ level (p<0.05) and baseline and discharge (p<0.05). The measure demonstrated high levels of responsiveness, with an effect size of 1.6 and 1.7 for the ADL and recreational domains respectively and an SRM of 1.5 for both domains. The MDC was 2.5 and 2.1 points respectively for the ADL and recreational domains. The MCID was 3 points for both domains of the… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor), Larmer, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Low back pain; Function; Minimal clinical important difference; Responsiveness; Roland Morris questionnaire; Lower limb tasks questionnaire; Questionnaire

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Forbes, R. (2011). The lower limb tasks questionnaire: is it useful in the assessment of function in low back pain sufferers? . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1172

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Forbes, Roma. “The lower limb tasks questionnaire: is it useful in the assessment of function in low back pain sufferers? .” 2011. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1172.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Forbes, Roma. “The lower limb tasks questionnaire: is it useful in the assessment of function in low back pain sufferers? .” 2011. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Forbes R. The lower limb tasks questionnaire: is it useful in the assessment of function in low back pain sufferers? . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1172.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Forbes R. The lower limb tasks questionnaire: is it useful in the assessment of function in low back pain sufferers? . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/1172

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

5. Frecklington, Michael John. Foot pain, impairment and disability in patients with acute Gout; a prospective observational study .

Degree: 2011, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/2622

► Purpose: Acute gout typically presents as an extremely painful intermittent arthritis affecting the foot. The impact of acute gout flares on musculoskeletal function is not… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Gout; Acute; Pain; Impairment; Function; Disability

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Frecklington, M. J. (2011). Foot pain, impairment and disability in patients with acute Gout; a prospective observational study . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/2622

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Frecklington, Michael John. “Foot pain, impairment and disability in patients with acute Gout; a prospective observational study .” 2011. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/2622.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Frecklington, Michael John. “Foot pain, impairment and disability in patients with acute Gout; a prospective observational study .” 2011. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Frecklington MJ. Foot pain, impairment and disability in patients with acute Gout; a prospective observational study . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/2622.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Frecklington MJ. Foot pain, impairment and disability in patients with acute Gout; a prospective observational study . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/2622

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

6. Ellis, Richard Francis. Neurodynamic evaluation of the sciatic nerve during neural mobilisation: ultrasound imaging assessment of sciatic nerve movement and the clinical implications for treatment .

Degree: 2012, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/3402

► Neural mobilisation is a physiotherapeutic tool that is used to directly influence peripheral nerve mechanics, in particular the neurodynamic features of the peripheral nervous system.… (more)

▼ Neural mobilisation is a physiotherapeutic tool that is used to directly influence peripheral nerve mechanics, in particular the neurodynamic features of the peripheral nervous system. Neurodynamics refers to the integrated biomechanical and neurophysiological features of the nervous system. It is believed that many common peripheral nerve disorders have underlying features of neurodynamic dysfunction as part of their clinical aetiology, for example a loss of the ability of a nerve to glide and slide against adjacent tissues. Neural mobilisation offers an intervention which aims to restore optimal neurodynamics. The first aim of this thesis was to collate the randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that have assessed neural mobilisation in order to evaluate the methods and strength of evidence of their findings. A systematic review was conducted which also focused on identifying methodological robustness and consistencies. Prior to this systematic review, there has been no previous systematic review published that has examined neural mobilisation. The results showed that there was a lack of RCTs that have assessed the therapeutic efficacy of neural mobilisations, particularly for neural mobilisation employed for lower limb nerve disorders. Secondly, the studies that were identified lacked consistency and had methodological weaknesses. None of these studies directly assessed nerve movement. One of many issues apparent from the review was the lack of research which has utilised a tool that examines and quantifies the biomechanical features of peripheral nerve movement during neural mobilisation. This issue could be resolved through ultrasound imaging (USI) allowing real-time, in-vivo assessment of peripheral nerve mechanics. An initial aim of this thesis was to investigate the intra-rater reliability of using USI to quantify sciatic nerve movement during neural mobilisation. Although the reliability of this technique has been assessed within the upper limb (median nerve), this has not been done for nerves of the lower limb. The findings of the reliability studies of this thesis indicated that there was excellent reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) ≥ 0.75) in the assessment of longitudinal sciatic nerve excursion which is consistent with previous studies which examined upper limb nerves. The next study examined whether different types of neural mobilisation resulted in different amounts of sciatic nerve excursion. Theoretically different neural mobilisation exercises will influence nerve excursion differently, and this has been determined for the median nerve. However, this situation has not been explored in the lower limb. It was found that neural mobilisation exercises designed to maximise nerve excursion (‘sliders’) resulted in significantly greater nerve excursion compared to those exercises designed to elongate peripheral nerves (‘tensioners’). This finding was consistent with studies conducted in the upper limb. These findings have important clinical ramifications as… Advisors/Committee Members: Hing, Wayne (advisor), McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Neurodynamics; Sciatic nerve; Nerve excursion; Ultrasound imaging; Neural mobilisation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ellis, R. F. (2012). Neurodynamic evaluation of the sciatic nerve during neural mobilisation: ultrasound imaging assessment of sciatic nerve movement and the clinical implications for treatment . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/3402

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ellis, Richard Francis. “Neurodynamic evaluation of the sciatic nerve during neural mobilisation: ultrasound imaging assessment of sciatic nerve movement and the clinical implications for treatment .” 2012. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/3402.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ellis, Richard Francis. “Neurodynamic evaluation of the sciatic nerve during neural mobilisation: ultrasound imaging assessment of sciatic nerve movement and the clinical implications for treatment .” 2012. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Ellis RF. Neurodynamic evaluation of the sciatic nerve during neural mobilisation: ultrasound imaging assessment of sciatic nerve movement and the clinical implications for treatment . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/3402.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ellis RF. Neurodynamic evaluation of the sciatic nerve during neural mobilisation: ultrasound imaging assessment of sciatic nerve movement and the clinical implications for treatment . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/3402

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

7. Cadogan, Angela. Diagnosis of shoulder pain in primary care .

Degree: 2012, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/3461

► Shoulder pain is a common and disabling complaint that is associated with high morbidity and significant associated health care costs. Shoulder pain is a common… (more)

▼ Shoulder pain is a common and disabling complaint that is associated with high morbidity and significant associated health care costs. Shoulder pain is a common reason for primary care medical consultation, however the clinical diagnosis of shoulder pain is complicated by the similar presentations of different shoulder conditions and a lack of validated clinical examination tests and diagnostic criteria in primary care populations. Radiological imaging is also widely available and is increasingly being utilized to aid in the diagnostic process however the relevance of imaging to symptoms of shoulder pain remains unclear. The difficulties associated with the diagnosis of shoulder pain frequently result in delayed diagnosis and delays in the implementation of appropriate management. An improvement in the ability to accurately diagnose painful shoulder conditions would assist in optimising patient outcomes in primary health care. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a clinical examination for identifying a predominant subacromial, acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) and glenohumeral joint (GHJ) pain source, and to assess the added value of diagnostic imaging findings for identifying symptomatic pathology affecting these structures. The diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination findings for detecting the presence of rotator cuff tears that may require early referral for specialist evaluation was also assessed. A review of the literature highlighted the poor specificity of many commonly used clinical tests, a lack of information regarding the relationship between imaged pathology and symptoms with little information to guide decisions regarding the use of diagnostic imaging investigations for shoulder pain. This project consisted of a reliability study in which the reliability of clinical examination tests was first evaluated, followed by a diagnostic accuracy study in which consecutive patients with shoulder pain were recruited from primary health care physiotherapy and medical practices. All participants received a clinical examination and a series of diagnostic imaging investigations (x-ray and diagnostic ultrasound scan) (index tests) followed by a diagnostic injection of local anaesthetic (diagnostic block) into the subacromial bursa (SAB) and ACJ (reference standard tests). Those not reporting at least 80% reduction in pain (positive anaesthetic response (PAR)) following the SAB or ACJ diagnostic block also received a GHJ diagnostic block performed as part of a magnetic resonance arthrogram (MRA) investigation. Results of the clinical examination and diagnostic imaging investigations (index tests) were compared with results of the reference standard tests to estimate the ability of these clinical examination and imaging findings to accurately identify a predominant subacromial, ACJ or GHJ pain source and to detect the presence of rotator cuff tears. Combinations of clinical features were identified with the ability to accurately rule-in a PAR following SAB and ACJ diagnostic… Advisors/Committee Members: Hing, Wayne (advisor), Laslett, Mark (advisor), McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Shoulder pain; Primary health care; Diagnostic accuracy; Physical examination; Ultrasound; Diagnostic injection

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Cadogan, A. (2012). Diagnosis of shoulder pain in primary care . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/3461

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cadogan, Angela. “Diagnosis of shoulder pain in primary care .” 2012. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/3461.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cadogan, Angela. “Diagnosis of shoulder pain in primary care .” 2012. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Cadogan A. Diagnosis of shoulder pain in primary care . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/3461.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cadogan A. Diagnosis of shoulder pain in primary care . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/3461

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

8. Steele, Brydie Elizabeth. Aerobic Capacity in Individuals With Osteoarthritis of the Knee .

Degree: 2013, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/6017

► Objective The objective of this study was to assess if individuals with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee have reduced aerobic capacity compared with age and… (more)

▼ Objective The objective of this study was to assess if individuals with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee have reduced aerobic capacity compared with age and gender matched healthy controls. This study also assessed the accuracy of submaximal exercise testing for predicting aerobic capacity in individuals with OA. Study design A cross sectional comparison study was undertaken with 24 participants with radiographic evidence of knee OA and 20 age and gender matched healthy participants within the control group. Background OA of the knee is a musculoskeletal condition that affects a large number of individuals. With an aging population the incidence of OA is set to increase. OA is associated with pain, joint stiffness and reduced muscle strength. It has been demonstrated some years earlier that OA is associated with a reduction in aerobic capacity. This is thought to be as a result of reduced physical activity, and exercise avoidance. In recent years there has been increased emphasis on physical exercise as a treatment approach to OA, and a series of guidelines have been introduced to promote physical activity in elderly and diseased individuals. Theoretically the increased awareness of the benefits of exercise should result in improvements in aerobic capacity in individuals with OA. However, no studies have examined this. As maximal effort exercise testing is expensive to undertake and requires significant training it is not practical in the clinical setting therefore submaximal effort exercise testing is a preferred alternative. However to date there have been no studies that provide evidence of the accuracy of submaximal exercise tests for predicting aerobic capacity in individuals with OA. Method Forty four participants aged 47-81 years were recruited. Four participants were excluded from the study for failing to achieve two of the three determinants of aerobic capacity. Therefore total numbers for the study were 22 participants in the OA group (12 males, 10 females) and 18 participants in the control group (9 males, 9 females). Both groups had a mean age of 67 years with a SD of 10 years A submaximal cycler ergometer test was utilised to predict aerobic capacity. Aerobic capacity was predicted from an equation that utilised exercise work rate (WR) and heart rate (HR) at the completion of the test. A ramped cycle ergometer exercise protocol was used for the measure of maximal aerobic capacity. The incremental resistance for the test was calculated so participants reached maximal exertion between 8-12 minutes. A breath by breath analysis of expired gas, participant HR and perceived exertion was used to determine if maximal effort was reached. Results There was a significant (P<0.05) reduction in aerobic capacity observed between individuals with OA of the knee (mean: 22 ml/kg/min) compared with age and gender matched healthy controls (mean: 27 ml/kg/min). The mean predicted values from the submaximal test were 19ml/kg/min and 22ml/kg/min for the OA and control groups respectively.… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor), Reid, Duncan (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Aerobic capacity; Osteoarthritis; Knee; VO2; Arthritis

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Steele, B. E. (2013). Aerobic Capacity in Individuals With Osteoarthritis of the Knee . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/6017

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Steele, Brydie Elizabeth. “Aerobic Capacity in Individuals With Osteoarthritis of the Knee .” 2013. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/6017.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Steele, Brydie Elizabeth. “Aerobic Capacity in Individuals With Osteoarthritis of the Knee .” 2013. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Steele BE. Aerobic Capacity in Individuals With Osteoarthritis of the Knee . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/6017.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Steele BE. Aerobic Capacity in Individuals With Osteoarthritis of the Knee . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/6017

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

9. Rice, David Andrew. Quadriceps Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Interventions .

Degree: 2014, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7199

► Quadriceps arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) is a near universal finding after knee joint injury, surgery and pathology; leading to marked quadriceps weakness that impairs physical… (more)

▼ Quadriceps arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) is a near universal finding after knee joint injury, surgery and pathology; leading to marked quadriceps weakness that impairs physical function and may hasten joint degeneration. While AMI has been linked to a number of factors such as articular swelling, inflammation, pain, joint laxity and sensory receptor damage, its underlying neural mechanisms are poorly understood. Furthermore, interventions aimed at reversing AMI have been underdeveloped. As such, the aims of this thesis were to enhance our current understanding of AMI’s neurophysiological mechanisms and investigate the efficacy of three different interventions that may counteract AMI’s deleterious effects. The first study examined the efficacy of cryotherapy in reversing quadriceps AMI caused by experimental knee joint swelling. Healthy participants were randomly assigned to a cryotherapy or a control group. Quadriceps maximum effort voluntary contractions were performed at baseline, after the experimental infusion of saline dextrose into the knee joint and following 20 minutes of cryotherapy or a no intervention control period. Experimental joint swelling led to a significant reduction in knee extensor peak torque, electromyography amplitude and muscle fibre conduction velocity. Compared to the control group, cryotherapy led to a significant increase in knee extensor peak torque and muscle fibre conduction velocity. These findings suggest that cryotherapy may provide a useful adjunct to traditional resistance training in individuals with AMI. Study two explored the effects of experimental joint swelling and cryotherapy on quadriceps corticomotor excitability, short interval intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation and intermuscular coherence. Both swelling and cryotherapy led to a significant increase in the area of the quadriceps motor evoked potential but had no significant effect on short interval intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation or intermuscular coherence in the β-band. These findings suggest that joint swelling and cryotherapy lead to an increase in quadriceps corticomotor excitability that does not appear to be associated with increased excitability in the primary motor cortex. Study three examined the effects of knee joint aspiration and intraarticular corticosteroid injection on flexion reflex excitability and knee extensor peak torque in individuals with chronic arthritis. Flexion reflex threshold and knee extensor peak torque were measured at baseline, immediately after knee joint aspiration alone and 5 ± 2 and 15 ± 2 days after aspiration and corticosteroid injection. Both flexion reflex threshold and knee extensor peak torque increased immediately after joint aspiration and, to a greater degree, 5 ± 2 and 15 ± 2 days following aspiration and corticosteroid injection, suggesting that swelling and inflammation may increase flexion reflex excitability in humans, as has previously been shown in animals. The notable increase in knee extensor peak torque 15 ± 2… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter John (advisor), Lewis, Gwyn Nancy (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Quadriceps inhibition; Knee joint; Arthrogenic; Arthritis; Effusion; Muscle

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rice, D. A. (2014). Quadriceps Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Interventions . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7199

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rice, David Andrew. “Quadriceps Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Interventions .” 2014. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7199.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rice, David Andrew. “Quadriceps Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Interventions .” 2014. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Rice DA. Quadriceps Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Interventions . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7199.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rice DA. Quadriceps Arthrogenic Muscle Inhibition: Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Possible Therapeutic Interventions . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7199

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

10. Reid, Duncan. The effects of acute and periodic stretching interventions on knee extension range of motion and hamstring muscle extensibility in individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee .

Degree: 2009, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/647

► Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common condition. The condition causes pain and swelling in the knee joint and as a consequence knee range… (more)

▼ Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common condition. The condition causes pain and swelling in the knee joint and as a consequence knee range of motion, particularly knee extension, can be decreased. While a number of studies have indicated increases in knee extension range of motion (ROM) can be achieved following stretching interventions, these studies have been undertaken in young healthy populations mostly. To date, there have been no investigations of stretching as a single intervention in people with OA knee. Review of Literature: To gain an appreciation of the literature in this area, three structured literature reviews were undertaken. The first examined the efficacy of acute stretching interventions on lower limb joint ROM in young and elderly subjects, the second examined the efficacy of periodic muscle stretching interventions on lower limb joint ROM in elderly subjects and the third examined the efficacy of periodic muscle stretching interventions on ROM in subjects with OA of the knee joint. The results of the first review indicated that there is strong evidence for acute stretching interventions to increase joint ROM in the lower limb of young and elderly subjects. The results of the second review indicated that there is strong evidence for periodic stretching interventions to increase joint ROM in the lower limb of elderly subjects. The result of the third review indicated that there is limited evidence for stretching interventions alone to improve ROM in the lower limb in subjects with OA of the knee joint. As consequence of these findings two studies were designed to investigate the effects of acute and periodic stretching in people with OA of the knee joint. Study 1 Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of an acute hamstring-stretching programme on knee extension range of motion in individuals with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee and compare them to individuals of a similar age without OA of the knee. Study Design: A cross sectional study design was used. Participants: Thirty one subjects (16 male and 15 female) with OA of the knee were recruited from the local population (mean age 67.8 yrs SD: 5.0, mass 81.4 kg, SD: 15.2, height 168.5 cm, SD 11.1). Thirty one subjects of a similar age (9 male and 23 female) were also recruited who were otherwise fit and healthy and did not have OA of the knee (mean age 68.8 yrs SD: 5.2, mass 71.4 kg, SD: 13.2, height 163.8 cm, SD 8.1). Method: Hamstring extensibility was assessed by a passive knee extension test using a Kincom® isokinetic dynamometer. Subjects undertook two trials of maximum knee extension. The Kincom® then stretched the hamstrings to a point determined as 80% of the initial maximum knee extension test. Three sets of 60 seconds stretching were undertaken with 60 seconds rest between sets. Two further maximal knee extension tests were performed after the stretching intervention. The variables of interests were maximal knee extension, peak passive torque and stiffness. Analysis: A 2-factor repeated measures ANOVA… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Flexibility; Arthritis; Electromyography; Randomisaton and blinding; Stiff joints

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Reid, D. (2009). The effects of acute and periodic stretching interventions on knee extension range of motion and hamstring muscle extensibility in individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/647

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reid, Duncan. “The effects of acute and periodic stretching interventions on knee extension range of motion and hamstring muscle extensibility in individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee .” 2009. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/647.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reid, Duncan. “The effects of acute and periodic stretching interventions on knee extension range of motion and hamstring muscle extensibility in individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee .” 2009. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Reid D. The effects of acute and periodic stretching interventions on knee extension range of motion and hamstring muscle extensibility in individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2009. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/647.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Reid D. The effects of acute and periodic stretching interventions on knee extension range of motion and hamstring muscle extensibility in individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/647

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

11. Olds, Margie. Active stiffness and strength in individuals with unilateral anterior shoulder instability: a bilateral comparison .

Degree: 2009, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/757

► Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate active shoulder stiffness and strength in recurrent shoulder instability. Additionally, this study sought to investigate the… (more)

▼ Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate active shoulder stiffness and strength in recurrent shoulder instability. Additionally, this study sought to investigate the relationship between active stiffness, and quality of life, functional outcome, and perceived instability. The relationship between strength and quality of life, functional outcome and perceived instability was also investigated. Study Design: A cross sectional study of a cohort of subjects with unilateral recurrent anterior shoulder instability was undertaken. Background: Recurrent shoulder instability affects up to 94% of young athletes following a dislocation (Rowe & Skallerides, 1961; Rowe & Zairns, 1956). Active stiffness is possibly an important factor in protecting the joint from episodes of instability (Myers, 2001; Riemann & Lephart, 2002). While studies have examined passive stiffness at the shoulder, there is little that has examined active stiffness. Method: Maximal Voluntary Strength (MVS) of the muscles involved in horizontal flexion and their active stiffness at 30%, 50% and 70% MVS was tested in 16 male subjects, with unilateral traumatic anterior shoulder instability. Additionally, quality of life, function and perceived instability were measured using the Western Ontario Stability Index (WOSI), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Questionnaire (ASES) and the Single Alpha Numeric Evaluation score (SANE) respectively. Results: There was a significant decrease in horizontal flexion strength in the recurrently unstable shoulder. Stiffness was also decreased significantly at 30% and 50% MVS. No statistical difference was demonstrated in stiffness values between limbs at 70% MVS. No significant correlation was shown between active stiffness controlling for strength, and quality of life, function or perceived instability. Additionally, no significant association was shown between strength and quality of life, function or perceived instability. Conclusion: The observed reduction in stiffness in the unstable shoulder warrants the inclusion of exercises in the rehabilitation program to enhance this parameter in an effort to protect the joint from perturbations that might lead to dislocation. Deficits in strength in horizontal flexion indicate that strengthening exercises may also be valuable to enhance performance in activities that incorporate horizontal flexion. The lack of an association between active stiffness and quality of life and overall function may indicate that stiffness investigated in one plane of motion does not adequately reflect tissue stiffness during functional activities. Further examination into stiffness in the unstable shoulder is necessary, utilising methodology that examines stiffness in all three dimensions simultaneously. Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Shoulder; Instability; Stiffness; Strength

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Olds, M. (2009). Active stiffness and strength in individuals with unilateral anterior shoulder instability: a bilateral comparison . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/757

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Olds, Margie. “Active stiffness and strength in individuals with unilateral anterior shoulder instability: a bilateral comparison .” 2009. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/757.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Olds, Margie. “Active stiffness and strength in individuals with unilateral anterior shoulder instability: a bilateral comparison .” 2009. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Olds M. Active stiffness and strength in individuals with unilateral anterior shoulder instability: a bilateral comparison . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2009. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/757.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Olds M. Active stiffness and strength in individuals with unilateral anterior shoulder instability: a bilateral comparison . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/757

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

12. Stavric, Verna A. Muscle power after stroke .

Degree: 2007, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/131

► Stroke is the leading cause of disability worldwide. It often leads to mobility limitations resulting from deficits in muscle performance. While reduced muscle strength and… (more)

▼ Stroke is the leading cause of disability worldwide. It often leads to mobility limitations resulting from deficits in muscle performance. While reduced muscle strength and rate of force production have been reported, little is known about the power generating capability of people after stroke and its relationship to mobility. Research in other populations has found that measures of muscle power may have a greater association with activity performance than do measures of muscle force alone. Consequently, in an attempt to optimise power, investigators have focused on identifying ideal parameters within which to train for power. One such parameter is the identification of the loading level at which maximal power is generated. Literature reporting optimal loads from both young athletic and healthy older populations has yielded mixed results, making the applicability to a hemiparetic population difficult. The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle power performance at differing loads and to determine at what load muscle power is best elicited in hemiparetic and age and gender matched control groups. A secondary aim was to ascertain whether there is a relationship between the muscle power values obtained and activities such as gait, stair climbing and standing from a chair. Twenty nine hemiparetic volunteers and twenty nine age and gender matched controls were evaluated. Involved and uninvolved legs of the stroke group and a comparison leg of the control group underwent testing. Leg press muscle power was measured using a modified supine leg press machine at 30%, 50% and 70% of a one-repetition maximum (1-RM) load. Participants were positioned on the leg press machine and asked to push, with a single leg, as hard and as fast as they could. Data was collected via a mounted force platform and a linear transducer connected to a platform on which the participants lay. From these, power was able to be calculated. The activities were timed while being performed as fast as possible. The results showed that peak muscle power values differed significantly between the involved, uninvolved and control legs. Peak leg power in all three leg groups was greatest when pushing against a load of 30% of 1-RM. Involved leg peak power tested at 30% of 1-RM (Mean:240; SD:145 W) was significantly lower (p<0.05) than the uninvolved leg (Mean:506; SD:243 W). Both the involved and uninvolved legs generated significantly lower peak power (p<0.05) than the control leg (Mean:757; SD:292 W). Correlations were found between the involved leg peak power and gait speed and involved leg peak power and stair climbing (r=0.6-0.7, p<0.05). No correlation was found between paretic leg peak power and chair stands. The control group leg peak power demonstrated significant associations with the performance of all three activities.In summary, there were significant differences between the involved and the uninvolved leg in power production after stroke. As well, there are significant differences between the uninvolved leg and the leg… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter J (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Stroke; Older adult; Muscle power; Activity performance; Muscle strength; Cross-sectional design

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Stavric, V. A. (2007). Muscle power after stroke . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/131

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stavric, Verna A. “Muscle power after stroke .” 2007. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/131.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stavric, Verna A. “Muscle power after stroke .” 2007. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Stavric VA. Muscle power after stroke . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2007. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/131.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Stavric VA. Muscle power after stroke . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/131

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

13. Dombroski, Erik. The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo .

Degree: 2005, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197

► The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo.Study Design: A test-retest… (more)

▼ The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo.Study Design: A test-retest randomised controlled trial with repeated measures was undertaken.Background: Stretching has been commonly promoted to increase the passive extensibility of the muscle-tendon units, yet the mechanism behind its proposed effects remains ambiguous. In vivo studies of stretching have mostly been limited to the viscoelastic characteristic of stress-relaxation. Few studies have investigated the characteristic of creep. Animal and cadaver in vitro creep experiments have consistently shown increases in the length of the soft tissues, with associated changes in their resistance and stiffness. These results however, might not be representative of human muscle-tendon units under in vivo conditions. Additionally, those in vivo human studies that have investigated creep phenomenon have contrasting results. To date, no known in vivo study has examined passive cyclic loading of human hamstrings to a constant load level.Method: Using a repeated measures design the extensibility of the hamstring muscles were assessed by a passive knee extension test (PKE) to maximal stretch tolerance using a KinCom® dynamometer. Those participants in the intervention group underwent 45 continuous passive cyclic loadings as the KinCom® dynamometer moved the knee joint into extension until torque reached 85% of maximal passive resistance torque measured in the passive knee extension test. The control group sat quietly relaxed during the intervention period. Measurements of hamstring passive extensibility using the PKE test were repeated at the end of the intervention.Results: Following the intervention, the PKE test showed for the cyclic loading group there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in both maximal passive resistance torque (mean 23%) and knee joint angle (mean 6.3%). A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in passive resistance torque (mean 11.8%) when re-measured at the baseline position of maximal passive knee angle was observed. A significant increase (p < 0.05) was found for passive stiffness over the final 10% of the knee torque-angle curve. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found for passive stiffness for the full (100%) of the torque-angle curve. Of the control group, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed for all variables of the PKE test. Analysis of cycle one compared to forty-five of the cyclic loading intervention procedure showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in both passive knee joint angle (mean 5.2%) and passive stiffness (mean 28.6%) over the final 10% of the knee joint torque-angle. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found for passive stiffness across the full (100%) knee joint torque-angle.Conclusion: The findings of the current study demonstrated that after cyclic loading the hamstring muscles lengthened and became stiffer over the final gained range of knee joint motion. Although the current study cannot determine the mechanism… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Stretching exercises; Knee; Muscles; Tendons; Hamstring muscles; Exercise science

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dombroski, E. (2005). The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dombroski, Erik. “The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo .” 2005. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dombroski, Erik. “The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo .” 2005. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Dombroski E. The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2005. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dombroski E. The influence of cyclic loading on the extensibility of human hamstring muscle-tendon units in vivo . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/197

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

14. Trent, Vanessa. An investigation into the effect of stretching frequency on range of motion at the ankle joint .

Degree: 2002, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/229

► Stretching is a widely prescribed technique that has been demonstrated to increase range of motion. Consequently it may enhance performance and aid in the prevention… (more)

▼ Stretching is a widely prescribed technique that has been demonstrated to increase range of motion. Consequently it may enhance performance and aid in the prevention and treatment of injury. Few studies have investigated the frequency of stretching on a daily basis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of stretching frequency on range of motion at the ankle joint. The detraining effect was also investigated after a period without stretching. Thirty-one female subjects participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to a control group who did not stretch a group who stretched two times per week (Stretch-2) or a group who stretched four times per week (Stretch-4). The stretching intervention was undertaken over four weeks and targeted the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Each stretch was held for duration of 30 seconds and repeated five times. Prior to the intervention (PRE), dorsiflexion was measured using a weights and pulley system that passively moved the ankle joint from a neutral position into dorsiflexion. After the four week stretching period (POST), dorsiflexion was measured once again to determine the change following the stretching programme. Following a further four week period where no stretching took place (FINAL), dorsiflexion was measured to determine the detraining effect. Electromyography was used to monitor the activity of the plantarflexors and dorsiflexors during the measuring procedure. The results of the study showed a significant increase in ankle joint range of motion for the Stretch-4 group (p<0.05) when comparing PRE and POST measurements. The Stretch-2 and control groups did not show significant differences (p>0.05) between PRE and POST measurements. When comparing the PRE and FINAL measurements of the Stretch-4 group, no significant differences were recorded (p>0.05). The POST and FINAL measurements were significantly different (p<0.05). After the detraining period the Stretch-4 group lost 99.8% of their range of motion gains. The present data provide some evidence that the viscoelastic properties of the muscle stretched were unchanged by the four week static stretching programme. The mechanism involved in the observed increase in range of motion for the Stretch-4 group is possibly that of enhanced stretch tolerance of the subject. Further research is required to support this conjecture. Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Ankle; Stretch (Physiology); Stretching exercises; Therapeutic use; Joints; Range of motion; Measurement; Ankle joint; Health studies

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Trent, V. (2002). An investigation into the effect of stretching frequency on range of motion at the ankle joint . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/229

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Trent, Vanessa. “An investigation into the effect of stretching frequency on range of motion at the ankle joint .” 2002. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/229.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Trent, Vanessa. “An investigation into the effect of stretching frequency on range of motion at the ankle joint .” 2002. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Trent V. An investigation into the effect of stretching frequency on range of motion at the ankle joint . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2002. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/229.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Trent V. An investigation into the effect of stretching frequency on range of motion at the ankle joint . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2002. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/229

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

15. Molloy, John. A comparison of surface EMG temporal and spectral parameters from the vastus medialis of subjects with and without knee joint osteoarthritis during a sustained, fatiguing submaximal isometric contraction .

Degree: 2005, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/243

► Knee joint osteoarthritis is recognised as a significant subset of osteoarthritis. Little work has examined muscle changes that occur with knee joint osteoarthritis. Much of… (more)

▼ Knee joint osteoarthritis is recognised as a significant subset of osteoarthritis. Little work has examined muscle changes that occur with knee joint osteoarthritis. Much of this work has centred on strength deficits, while little work has examined the effect of joint pathologies, such as osteoarthritis, on the fatigue resistance of the muscles associated with an affected joint. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative fatigue-resistance characteristics of the vastus medialis in subjects with and without knee joint osteoarthritis, as well as the ability to predict endurance times in these groups, using high spatial resolution electromyography and a sub-maximal isometric endurance test. Twenty-six subjects with unilateral knee osteoarthritis and seventeen subjects with no known knee pathology were evaluated. All subjects performed initial tests to evaluate maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), voluntary activation levels, and true maximum force (TMF). Endurance time was assessed during an isometric quadriceps contraction at 50% of the true maximum force. Surface electromyography (sEMG) data was collected from the vastus medialis muscle of the quadriceps group during the endurance test. MVC tests showed that the affected leg of the group with osteoarthritis was significantly weaker (p < 0.05) than the unaffected leg. Voluntary activation data showed that subjects with osteoarthritis presented with significant bilateral deficits (p < 0.05). TMF data showed a significantly lower (p < 0.05) true potential for force generation in the affected compared to the unaffected leg of the osteoarthritis group. Endurance time data showed no significant difference between groups. Electromyography data showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between the affected and unaffected legs in initial values of Median Frequency (MDF), Mean Power Frequency (MPF) and Conduction Velocity (CV), the percentage change in CV and the relative rate of change in the frequency band between 5 and 30Hz (FB1). Finally, significant correlations were seen between endurance time and the relative rate of change of MDF, MPF and CV calculated over the initial thirty seconds of the endurance test. There were no significant correlations from either leg of the group with knee joint osteoarthritis.It can be concluded from this study that there are differences in strength measures, and in the sEMG signal collected from the vastus medialis muscle of the affected and unaffected legs of subjects with knee osteoarthritis. It appears likely that the differences observed in the sEMG signals were related to a decrease in the representation of type-2 muscle fibres in the vastus medialis of the affected leg. Furthermore, these changes in the behaviour of the signal appear to indicate an improvement in the relative fatigue resistance of the affected leg in relation to the unaffected leg of the group with knee osteoarthritis.Moderate success was seen with the prediction of endurance time in control subjects in the current work using a short duration (30-second)… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Knee; Electromyography; Osteoarthritis

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Molloy, J. (2005). A comparison of surface EMG temporal and spectral parameters from the vastus medialis of subjects with and without knee joint osteoarthritis during a sustained, fatiguing submaximal isometric contraction . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/243

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Molloy, John. “A comparison of surface EMG temporal and spectral parameters from the vastus medialis of subjects with and without knee joint osteoarthritis during a sustained, fatiguing submaximal isometric contraction .” 2005. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/243.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Molloy, John. “A comparison of surface EMG temporal and spectral parameters from the vastus medialis of subjects with and without knee joint osteoarthritis during a sustained, fatiguing submaximal isometric contraction .” 2005. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Molloy J. A comparison of surface EMG temporal and spectral parameters from the vastus medialis of subjects with and without knee joint osteoarthritis during a sustained, fatiguing submaximal isometric contraction . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2005. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/243.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Molloy J. A comparison of surface EMG temporal and spectral parameters from the vastus medialis of subjects with and without knee joint osteoarthritis during a sustained, fatiguing submaximal isometric contraction . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/243

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

16. Brereton, Helen P. Acuity of force appreciation in the osteoarthritic knee joint .

Degree: 2007, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/301

► Osteoarthritis and ageing have been shown to induce changes in the number and health of peripheral mechanoreceptors. Whilst position and movement awareness in the osteoarthritic… (more)

▼ Osteoarthritis and ageing have been shown to induce changes in the number and health of peripheral mechanoreceptors. Whilst position and movement awareness in the osteoarthritic knee have been studied extensively, little work to date has been produced on muscle force awareness in this subject group. Poor force acuity may contribute to muscle and joint pain and dysfunction, and additionally hinder rehabilitation efforts in an osteoarthritic population. Overestimation of the muscles forces required for a given task, resulting in greater joint compression forces, may aggravate and inflame osteoarthritic symptoms. Underestimation of required muscle forces may amplify existing joint instability, increasing the risk of injury in an osteoarthritic population. Additionally, both under and overloading of muscles during the rehabilitation process can delay the return to full function after injury.When regarding the neurological process of force coding, current debate centres on the relative importance of centrally generated motor command mediated 'sense of effort' versus the peripheral mechanoreceptor signalled 'sense of tension' as the dominant coding process, with central mechanisms favoured in the majority of studies published to date. The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle force awareness in the knee extensors and flexors and hands of subjects with and without knee joint osteoarthritis. Twenty one subjects with knee joint osteoarthritis and 23 age and gender matched subjects with no known knee pathology were evaluated. All subjects performed ipsilateral isometric force estimation and force matching tasks, at levels scaled to individual maximum voluntary capacity (MVC). Errors in estimation and matching acuity were normalised to reference targets (comparison force/reference force) giving a relative score (RS) to allow comparison across submaximal force levels with RS less than 1.0 indicating that subjects produced insufficient force and vice versa.Maximal voluntary capacity tests revealed significantly lower (p<0.05) peak knee extension torque (111.2 Nm versus 145.3 Nm), but similar peak knee flexion torque (46.1 Nm versus 45.4 Nm for osteoarthritis and control subjects respectively). A pattern of overestimation at low reference levels and underestimation at high reference levels was demonstrated by all subjects. In the lower limb, force appreciation differed significantly between muscle groups regardless of knee condition, with knee extensors demonstrating greater overall accuracy than knee flexors. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in force estimation ability and a trend to significance (p=0.066) for force matching acuity across groups at the 10% MVC test level. A significant (p<0.05) group difference in grip force estimation ability between the lowest and highest target levels was demonstrated.It can be concluded that there are small differences in force acuity in osteoarthritis subjects at lower submaximal force targets when compared to healthy age matched peers. The notion of information… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter J (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Force; Knee; Osteoarthritis; Matching; Estimation; Proprioception

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Brereton, H. P. (2007). Acuity of force appreciation in the osteoarthritic knee joint . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/301

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brereton, Helen P. “Acuity of force appreciation in the osteoarthritic knee joint .” 2007. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/301.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brereton, Helen P. “Acuity of force appreciation in the osteoarthritic knee joint .” 2007. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Brereton HP. Acuity of force appreciation in the osteoarthritic knee joint . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2007. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/301.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Brereton HP. Acuity of force appreciation in the osteoarthritic knee joint . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/301

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

17. Hoessly, Margaret. The effect of concentric and eccentric muscle action on muscle stiffness at the knee in subjects with spasticity of the quadriceps .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11330

► A higher than normal level of muscle stiffness is found in a wide variety of upper motor neurone disorders. This is reflected in elevated levels… (more)

▼ A higher than normal level of muscle stiffness is found in a wide variety of upper motor neurone disorders. This is reflected in elevated levels of resistance to lengthening of muscle often described as hypertonia or spasticity. Muscle weakness is also thought to be one of the major problems of motor function in many patients with these disorders. Another feature of the spastic condition is that of associated reactions, contraction of spastic muscle occurring on effort, especially in subjects with stroke. They appear to be the cause of a further increase in spasticity and a source of muscle shortening and joint contracture. To remedy muscle strength deficits patients should work at high levels of effort, however effort during treatment has been avoided by clinicians on the grounds that it would increase muscle stiffness and further hinder the patient’s motor performance. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of effort on spastic stiffness during concentric and eccentric muscle work of the quadriceps muscle. Nine subjects with significant spasticity of the quadriceps muscle participated in the study. Subjects undertook a modified ‘drop test’, using an isokinetic dynamometer that flexed the knee joint at 100 deg/sec, through a range of motion from 20 to 80 degrees prior to and after exercise. Force–angle ratios were used to calculate muscle stiffness in two parts of the range of motion, and electromyography (EMG) was used to monitor muscle activity both at rest and during the passive movement of the drop test. The exercise intervention involved 20 repetitions of concentric muscle work and 20 repetitions of eccentric muscle work performed on separate occasions at 75% of maximum voluntary muscle action (MVA). The results showed that under the conditions described above both resisted concentric and eccentric muscle work decreased stiffness (p < 0.05) of spastic muscle, there being no difference in effect between the two conditions. EMG of the quadriceps and hamstrings showed that there was no significant change in muscle activity (p < 0.05) at rest or during the ‘drop test’ following either concentric or eccentric contractions. This study demonstrated that effort occurring during resisted exercise did not increase muscle stiffness in spastic patients. Furthermore, there is some evidence to suggest that the decrease in stiffness resulted from change in the mechanical properties of the muscle. The findings are encouraging for clinicians as they support the therapeutic use of high levels of muscle work, which is the most efficacious means of increasing strength. Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Spasticity; Muscle strength – Testing

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hoessly, M. (n.d.). The effect of concentric and eccentric muscle action on muscle stiffness at the knee in subjects with spasticity of the quadriceps . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11330

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hoessly, Margaret. “The effect of concentric and eccentric muscle action on muscle stiffness at the knee in subjects with spasticity of the quadriceps .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11330.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hoessly, Margaret. “The effect of concentric and eccentric muscle action on muscle stiffness at the knee in subjects with spasticity of the quadriceps .” Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Hoessly M. The effect of concentric and eccentric muscle action on muscle stiffness at the knee in subjects with spasticity of the quadriceps . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11330.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Hoessly M. The effect of concentric and eccentric muscle action on muscle stiffness at the knee in subjects with spasticity of the quadriceps . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11330

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

AUT University

18. Armstrong, Bridget Sarah. Head and neck position sense in whiplash patients and healthy individuals and the effect of the "chin tuck" action .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11338

► Whiplash injury is a common problem in the modern world. Whiplash injury may damage many passive and active structures within the neck including the deep… (more)

▼ Whiplash injury is a common problem in the modern world. Whiplash injury may damage many passive and active structures within the neck including the deep neck flexor (DNF) muscles and the mechanoreceptors they host. Anatomical studies and clinical observation indicate that the DNF muscles play an integral role in maintaining head and neck stability. The DNF and the dorsal muscles of the neck contain complex arrangements of high densities of muscle spindles, mechanoreceptors that play a primary role in position sense. Efficient head and neck position sense mechanisms are essential for postural control and head and neck stability. Loss of strength and endurance has been observed in both the superficial and DNF muscles following whiplash. A few studies have also shown head and neck position sense to be impaired following whiplash injury. Study findings are supportive of the notion that head and neck position sense may be rehabilitated in the short term. It is unclear whether active muscle contraction, or internal bracing, during position matching enhances impaired position sense. It has been suggested that DNF retraining may reduce impairments of head and neck position sense. The “chin tuck” action is thought to activate the DNF muscles. To date, no research has investigated the effect of the “chin tuck” action on head and neck position sense. This study further investigated whether impairment of head and neck position sense existed in individuals experiencing chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorders (WAD) following whiplash injury. The effect of the “chin tuck” action on head and neck position sense was also examined. A randomised two group (control and whiplash) repeated measures factorial design was used for the comparison of dependent measures related to head and neck position sense. Twenty-three subjects who met specific inclusion/exclusion criteria were selected for each group and were anthropometrically, gender and age-matched. Those in the whiplash group had sustained the whiplash injury at least three months previously but not longer than five years ago, and experienced continued Grade II or Grade III signs and symptoms according to the Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD) Classification System described by the Quebec Task Force (Spitzer et al, 1995). Whiplash subjects were assessed and detailed profiles documented as recommended by the Quebec Task Force (Spitzer et al, 1995). Parameters of pain were assessed using Quebec Task Force Minimum Data Forms and the 101-point Numerical Rating Scale (NRS-101) and a Pain Scale questionnaire. Active range of motion (AROM) of the cervical spine was measured. The Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Patient Specific Functional Scale (PSFS) were used to measure functional impairment and disability. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the control or intervention group. Subjects were required to perform head and neck position matching tasks whilst blindfolded with or without the intervention, the performance of the “chin tuck” action. The 3- Space FASTRAK electromagnetic… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Physical therapy; Whiplash injuries

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Armstrong, B. S. (n.d.). Head and neck position sense in whiplash patients and healthy individuals and the effect of the "chin tuck" action . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11338

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Armstrong, Bridget Sarah. “Head and neck position sense in whiplash patients and healthy individuals and the effect of the "chin tuck" action .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11338.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Armstrong, Bridget Sarah. “Head and neck position sense in whiplash patients and healthy individuals and the effect of the "chin tuck" action .” Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Armstrong BS. Head and neck position sense in whiplash patients and healthy individuals and the effect of the "chin tuck" action . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11338.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Armstrong BS. Head and neck position sense in whiplash patients and healthy individuals and the effect of the "chin tuck" action . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11338

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

AUT University

19. Magni, Nicoló Edoardo. An Assessment of Selected Sensorimotor Parameters and Muscle Performance in Hand Osteoarthritis for the Development of Treatment .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/12693

► Symptomatic hand osteoarthritis (OA) affects twenty percent of people over the age of 70. Its socioeconomic burden is increasing and despite severe repercussions on people’s… (more)

▼ Symptomatic hand osteoarthritis (OA) affects twenty percent of people over the age of 70. Its socioeconomic burden is increasing and despite severe repercussions on people’s quality of life, it has not received as much scientific attention as OA at other joints such as the knee and hip. The need for effective conservative interventions for hand OA has been suggested by several authors. Moreover, in light of recent research at other joints, it is important to assess sensorimotor and muscle impairments and their relation to function to determine the primary needs of a conservative program of rehabilitation. The first study compared selected measures of sensorimotor and muscle performance between people with hand OA and healthy controls. Furthermore, the relationship between these measures and function was assessed. People with hand OA were slower and less accurate in a hand left/right discrimination task and experienced neglect-like symptoms more frequently, suggesting they had a disrupted working body schema. However, no association was found between left/right discrimination performance and measures of hand function. While grip endurance was not different between groups, a significant loss of grip strength and a moderate relationship with self-reported function was identified in people with hand OA. We therefore hypothesised that improving grip strength may have beneficial effects in people with hand OA. To test this hypothesis, we completed a review and meta-analysis of research papers assessing the effectiveness of resistance training interventions on grip strength, pain and function in people with hand OA (Study two). Five studies with 350 participants were included. The findings showed no improvements in grip strength or function and limited effects on joint pain. However, it was apparent that most studies utilised exercise regimes considered inadequate to induce strength changes. In some studies, fear of pain exacerbations or doing further damage to the affected joints led researchers to limit load during the prescribed exercise regimes. The findings suggested that a low intensity exercise alternative may be beneficial to improve muscle strength and function in people with hand OA, while reducing the risk of pain exacerbations and attenuating joint compressive forces. After a subsequent search of the literature for low load strengthening programs, blood flow restriction training (BFR) appeared to be a viable treatment. This intervention has been shown to improve muscle strength and size in young, healthy people while utilising low exercise intensities. It was unclear however, if it was effective and safe in older people or individuals undergoing a period of disuse, as is common in OA. We therefore completed a systematic review and meta-analysis on this topic (Study three). Twenty-four studies, including a total of 485 individuals, were included. Findings suggested that BFR alone decreases the magnitude of strength loss associated with disuse. Furthermore, BFR training was found to be effective in improving… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor), Rice, David (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Hand; Osteoarthritis; Sensorimotor; Strength; Resistance training; Strength training; Blood flow restriction; BFR; Kaatsu; Kaatsu training; Neglect like; Left/right discrimination task; Tactile acuity; TPD; Two point discrimination

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Magni, N. E. (n.d.). An Assessment of Selected Sensorimotor Parameters and Muscle Performance in Hand Osteoarthritis for the Development of Treatment . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/12693

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Magni, Nicoló Edoardo. “An Assessment of Selected Sensorimotor Parameters and Muscle Performance in Hand Osteoarthritis for the Development of Treatment .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/12693.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Magni, Nicoló Edoardo. “An Assessment of Selected Sensorimotor Parameters and Muscle Performance in Hand Osteoarthritis for the Development of Treatment .” Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Magni NE. An Assessment of Selected Sensorimotor Parameters and Muscle Performance in Hand Osteoarthritis for the Development of Treatment . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/12693.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Magni NE. An Assessment of Selected Sensorimotor Parameters and Muscle Performance in Hand Osteoarthritis for the Development of Treatment . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/12693

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

AUT University

20. Johnson, Shelley Elizabeth. Biomechanical analysis of a heavy load calf muscle rehabilitation exercise in persons with Achilles tendinosis .

Degree: 2009, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/536

► The aim of this dissertation was firstly to determine the efficacy of heavy-load eccentric calf muscle (HLECM) training for Achilles tendinosis through a review of… (more)

▼ The aim of this dissertation was firstly to determine the efficacy of heavy-load eccentric calf muscle (HLECM) training for Achilles tendinosis through a review of the current scientific literature. The second objective was to assess the biomechanics of the HLECM training technique via an experimental study of calf muscle activity in individuals with Achilles tendinosis. Achilles tendinosis is a chronic painful condition of the Achilles tendon. HLECM training has been developed as a popular form of conservative treatment for Achilles tendinosis. However, there is little research investigating the biomechanics of the HLECM training technique. A key component of the original technique is the inclusion of a straight and bent knee condition, proposed to activate the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles respectively. Despite widespread use of these specific conditions in subsequent research, there is no evidence to suggest this selective muscle activation occurs in persons with Achilles tendinosis. A literature review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the HLECM training protocol for Achilles tendinosis and to also compare its efficacy against other conservative treatment methods. The biomechanical study was a repeated measure, cross-sectional design. A critical review of 8 studies was undertaken assessing methodological quality through a Cochrane scoring system. A qualitative analysis to establish the level of evidence for the efficacy of HLECM training was also undertaken. For the biomechanical study, participants (n=18) diagnosed with Achilles tendinosis were recruited. Gastrocnemius and soleus muscle activity during the straight and bent knee conditions of the HLECM training technique, and during a maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), were determined through use of electromyography (EMG). The data was expressed as a percentage of the MVC for each muscle in each condition. Participant data sourced from a previous study, (Potts, 2005), served as controls (n=18). A three-factor repeated measures ANOVA was performed. The within subject factors were joint position and muscle, while group (experimental or control) was the between subjects factor. The critical review demonstrated a positive response to HLECM training but also highlighted the presence of inconsistent inclusion and exclusion criteria, variable outcome measures and alterations to the original HLECM protocol methodology. These factors contributed to the difficulty in comparing the outcomes of studies and hence the efficacy of the intervention. Participants with Achilles tendinosis demonstrated significantly higher EMG activity of both the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles in all conditions. There was a significant effect of joint position on the total group (the experimental and control group combined). The gastrocnemius muscle was significantly more active in the straight knee condition and the soleus muscle in the bent knee condition. There is moderate evidence of the efficacy of HLECM training for the treatment of Achilles tendinosis. … Advisors/Committee Members: Reid, Duncan (advisor), McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Ankle and heel function; Tendinosis; Alfredson; Electromyography; Tendon function; Muscle activity

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Johnson, S. E. (2009). Biomechanical analysis of a heavy load calf muscle rehabilitation exercise in persons with Achilles tendinosis . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/536

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johnson, Shelley Elizabeth. “Biomechanical analysis of a heavy load calf muscle rehabilitation exercise in persons with Achilles tendinosis .” 2009. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/536.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johnson, Shelley Elizabeth. “Biomechanical analysis of a heavy load calf muscle rehabilitation exercise in persons with Achilles tendinosis .” 2009. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Johnson SE. Biomechanical analysis of a heavy load calf muscle rehabilitation exercise in persons with Achilles tendinosis . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2009. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/536.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Johnson SE. Biomechanical analysis of a heavy load calf muscle rehabilitation exercise in persons with Achilles tendinosis . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/536

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

21. Larmer, Peter John. Ankle sprains: an investigation into patient perceptions and performance of physical tasks following acute ankle sprains using a mixed methods approach .

Degree: 2009, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/766

► Introduction: Ankle injuries are among the most prevalent acute musculoskeletal injuries, and are a significant burden on any health system. The interaction of the physiotherapist… (more)

▼ Introduction: Ankle injuries are among the most prevalent acute musculoskeletal injuries, and are a significant burden on any health system. The interaction of the physiotherapist with the patient and their mutual understanding of impairments, function and recovery are important to achieving a satisfactory return to work and leisure activities. To date, little attention has focused on this interaction. There is a need for further exploration of differences and associations between outcome questionnaires that investigate similar domains of pain and function, and whether scores from such outcome measures are related to the patient’s perception of function and recovery. Of further interest is whether there are relationships between impairment measures and perceived function, and how actual performance of tasks might influence the patients understanding of their capabilities. To provide a more complete picture of these relationships, a ‘mixed methods’ approach using qualitative research methods within a quantitative study was thought to be most appropriate. The overall aim of this thesis was to utilise this research approach to investigate patients’ perceptions of their recovery and elucidate factors important to both therapists and patients that ultimately might enhance their understanding of recovery from an ankle injury. Literature reviews: Three literature reviews were undertaken. Firstly a review of systematic reviews investigating ankle sprains identified a wide variety of management strategies. There was a lack of strong evidence to support any particular management strategy. Hence clinicians are likely to have difficulty setting appropriate rehabilitation plans. Secondly a critical review identified a number of different outcome questionnaires that were utilised to gauge recovery level; however, justification for their selection was often lacking. This review also identified that little emphasis was placed on understanding the patients’ perception of their injury and the rehabilitation process. A final critical review investigated impairment and performance measures and identified four specific areas that were focused upon by clinicians during the treatment of ankle sprains: joint position sense, postural control, strength and performance during function. However, only weak evidence was found for there being a deficit in joint position sense, postural control and strength in the injured limb following an ankle sprain, and inconclusive evidence of deficits in physical performance of tasks related to function. Methods: Forty participants with an acute sprained ankle were recruited along with their treating physiotherapist. The participants completed a Global questionnaire, the Lower Limb Task Questionnaire (LLTQ) and the Short Form -36 (SF-36) Questionnaire at the initial visit, at discharge and at a six week follow up visit where they also undertook impairment testing involving, joint position sense, postural control and strength along with a functional performance test and selected functional activities.… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor), Smythe, Liz (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Ankle sprain; Outcomes; Physiotherapy; Mixed methods; Functional measures; Questionnaires; Perceived function

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APA (6^th Edition):

Larmer, P. J. (2009). Ankle sprains: an investigation into patient perceptions and performance of physical tasks following acute ankle sprains using a mixed methods approach . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/766

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Larmer, Peter John. “Ankle sprains: an investigation into patient perceptions and performance of physical tasks following acute ankle sprains using a mixed methods approach .” 2009. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/766.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Larmer, Peter John. “Ankle sprains: an investigation into patient perceptions and performance of physical tasks following acute ankle sprains using a mixed methods approach .” 2009. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Larmer PJ. Ankle sprains: an investigation into patient perceptions and performance of physical tasks following acute ankle sprains using a mixed methods approach . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2009. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/766.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Larmer PJ. Ankle sprains: an investigation into patient perceptions and performance of physical tasks following acute ankle sprains using a mixed methods approach . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/766

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

22. Signal, Nada E. J. Neuromuscular fatigue in people with chronic stroke .

Degree: 2007, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/157

► The aim of this study was to examine and compare the contribution of central neuromuscular fatigue and peripheral neuromuscular fatigue to total neuromuscular fatigue in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Cerebrovascular disease; Neuromuscular fatigue; Repeated measures block design

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APA (6^th Edition):

Signal, N. E. J. (2007). Neuromuscular fatigue in people with chronic stroke . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/157

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Signal, Nada E J. “Neuromuscular fatigue in people with chronic stroke .” 2007. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/157.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Signal, Nada E J. “Neuromuscular fatigue in people with chronic stroke .” 2007. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Signal NEJ. Neuromuscular fatigue in people with chronic stroke . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2007. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/157.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Signal NEJ. Neuromuscular fatigue in people with chronic stroke . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/157

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

23. Colvin, Matthew. Quadriceps strength prediction equations in individuals with ligamentous injuries, meniscal injuries and/or osteoarthritis of the knee joint .

Degree: 2008, AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/379

Subjects/Keywords: Quadriceps; Strength prediction equations; Knee OA; Knee injuries

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APA (6^th Edition):

Colvin, M. (2008). Quadriceps strength prediction equations in individuals with ligamentous injuries, meniscal injuries and/or osteoarthritis of the knee joint . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/379

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Colvin, Matthew. “Quadriceps strength prediction equations in individuals with ligamentous injuries, meniscal injuries and/or osteoarthritis of the knee joint .” 2008. Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/379.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Colvin, Matthew. “Quadriceps strength prediction equations in individuals with ligamentous injuries, meniscal injuries and/or osteoarthritis of the knee joint .” 2008. Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Colvin M. Quadriceps strength prediction equations in individuals with ligamentous injuries, meniscal injuries and/or osteoarthritis of the knee joint . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; 2008. [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/379.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Colvin M. Quadriceps strength prediction equations in individuals with ligamentous injuries, meniscal injuries and/or osteoarthritis of the knee joint . [Thesis]. AUT University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/379

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

24. Parker, Rosalind Sarah. Does chronic arthritic pain influence motor cortex excitability? .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/8881

► Background: Painful hand arthritis is a major cause of disability worldwide including New Zealand, causing loss of function and reduced motor control. Arthritis is associated… (more)

▼ Background: Painful hand arthritis is a major cause of disability worldwide including New Zealand, causing loss of function and reduced motor control. Arthritis is associated with changes in central nociceptive processing and cortical reorganisation. Previous studies have shown an association between chronic pain and changes in corticomotor excitability. However, few studies have assessed corticomotor excitability in people with arthritis. Aims of the investigation: 1. To examine corticomotor and intracortical excitability in people with chronic hand pain due to arthritis. 2. To explore possible relationships between corticomotor excitability and pain variables. Methods: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to measure the excitability of the corticomotor pathway to the first dorsal interosseus muscle in 23 people with chronic painful hand arthritis (median age 71; 17 female; median pain duration 9 years) and 20 pain-free control participants (median age 70.5; 14 female). Single-pulse TMS was used to establish the resting motor threshold (RTh), stimulus-response curves, and the cortical silent period duration (CSP). Paired-pulse TMS was used to examine short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI, LICI) and short-interval intracortical facilitation (SICF). SICI was assessed using conditioning stimulus intensities of 70% and 80% RTh (SICI70, SICI80) and an interstimulus interval (ISI) of 2 ms. The test stimulus was set to an intensity that elicited a motor evoked potential (MEP) of 1 mV (TS1mV). SICF was assessed using a conditioning stimulus of TS1mV, a test stimulus of 90% RTh, and ISIs of 1.4 and 2.8 ms (SICF1.4, SICF2.8). Outcome measures were compared between the two groups using Mann Whitney U tests due to several of the measures being non-normally distributed. Spearman’s rank correlations were used to explore the potential relationships between the corticomotor excitability measures and pain variables (pain duration, pain intensity and a measure of hand-related pain, stiffness and function). Results: The arthritis group demonstrated significantly enhanced SICF1.4 (p = 0.045) compared to the control group. RTh, stimulus-response curves, CSP duration, SICI70, SICI80, SICF2.8, and LICI were not significantly different between the two groups (all p>0.05). Moderate strength correlations were observed between the duration of hand pain and both measures of intracortical inhibition (SICI70 ρ = 0.38; SICI80 ρ = 0.434). There was a moderate strength correlation between the duration of hand pain and SICF1.4 (ρ = 0.346). Conclusions: This study provides evidence of enhanced facilitation in people with hand pain due to arthritis. No significant alterations in overall corticomotor excitability or inhibition were found. Relationships were observed between pain duration and intracortical excitability, with increased pain duration being associated with reduced inhibition and enhanced facilitation. This suggests that with increased hand pain duration, there is greater intracortical excitability.… Advisors/Committee Members: Lewis, Gwyn Nancy (advisor), McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Motor cortex; TMS; Chronic pain; Arthritis; Intracortical; Corticomotor excitability

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APA (6^th Edition):

Parker, R. S. (n.d.). Does chronic arthritic pain influence motor cortex excitability? . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/8881

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Parker, Rosalind Sarah. “Does chronic arthritic pain influence motor cortex excitability? .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/8881.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Parker, Rosalind Sarah. “Does chronic arthritic pain influence motor cortex excitability? .” Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Parker RS. Does chronic arthritic pain influence motor cortex excitability? . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/8881.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Parker RS. Does chronic arthritic pain influence motor cortex excitability? . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/8881

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

AUT University

25. White, Steven. The diagnostic accuracy of the clinical examination of the hip .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/9989

► Hip related pain places a massive economic burden on society and can have a significant effect on the individual sufferer in terms of pain, ability… (more)

▼ Hip related pain places a massive economic burden on society and can have a significant effect on the individual sufferer in terms of pain, ability to participate in activity and financial costs. A delay in the accurate identification of the cause of hip pain will lead to a delay in the initiation of appropriate management, prolonging the period of suffering and possibly allowing time for further deterioration of pathology. Currently, the differential diagnosis of hip pain is based on information collected from the patient interview, a physical examination and commonly from findings identified via medical imaging. However, there is lack of good quality evidence to support the use of information from the clinical examination for either identifying or ruling out a specific cause of hip joint pain. Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that pathology identified by medical imaging is not necessarily symptomatic. The aims of this thesis were to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the clinical examination of the hip, and of MRA, for the identification of intra-articular pathology. The thesis first explored the reliability of information gathered from physical tests of the hip. The prevalence of positive tests results and the reliability of patient reports of the reproduction of pain and of ratings of pain intensity were examined in study one. Standardised versions of physical tests were applied in a predetermined random order to both the symptomatic and asymptomatic hips of patients with unilateral hip pain. Tests were repeated one hour and 2-7 days later. The prevalence of positive findings in symptomatic hips ranged from zero to 80%, with resisted tests being the least likely to cause pain and tests that incorporated adduction or internal rotation in flexion being the most provocative. Several of these tests were also provocative in symptomatic hips, although at a much lower prevalence. The majority of tests demonstrated ‘moderate’ to ‘almost perfect’ within-session (60 minutes apart) and between-session (2-7 days apart) reliability for both pain reproduction and ratings of pain intensity. However, the intensity of pain experienced during testing influenced reliability, with poor reliability being observed with tests that created low intensity pain. These findings indicate that clinicians can be confident that patients will reliably report both the reproduction and intensity of pain, provided the intensity is greater than 2 points on the numeric pain rating scale. Measures of strength (peak force) obtained with a hand held force dynamometer and range of movement (ROM), obtained with a gravity dependent inclinometer, were examined in study two. Data was collected concurrently with that of study one. Within and between-session reliability was determined and strength and ROM values between the symptomatic and asymptomatic hips were compared. Despite the presence of pain and pathology, excellent levels of reliability were observed for both peak force and ROM measures. The percent standard error of measurement for… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor), Laslett, Mark (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Hip; Diagnosis; Accuracy; Clinical examination; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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APA (6^th Edition):

White, S. (n.d.). The diagnostic accuracy of the clinical examination of the hip . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/9989

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

White, Steven. “The diagnostic accuracy of the clinical examination of the hip .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/9989.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

White, Steven. “The diagnostic accuracy of the clinical examination of the hip .” Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

White S. The diagnostic accuracy of the clinical examination of the hip . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/9989.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

White S. The diagnostic accuracy of the clinical examination of the hip . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/9989

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

AUT University

26. Lovelace, Claire M. Equations for predicting maximal muscle strength after a lower limb injury .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11302

► The purpose of this study was to review the literature with respect to the outcome measures of muscle strength available in physiotherapy using Achilles tendon… (more)

▼ The purpose of this study was to review the literature with respect to the outcome measures of muscle strength available in physiotherapy using Achilles tendon rupture patients as an example. Then to, review the prediction methods available for isoinertial one repetition maximum (1RM) testing as a possible alternative clinical measure of muscle strength. Secondly a pilot study was undertaken to compare the accuracy of eight 1RM prediction methods in persons following injury to the plantar flexor unit including patients following an Achilles tendon rupture and to then utilise the most accurate 1RM prediction method in an attempt to predict return to sport in this sample. Achilles tendon rupture is a significant injury. Ongoing plantar flexor muscle weakness has been reported in the literature many years post injury. This weakness may be one factor that limits a person’s return to sport at their pre-injury level. To accurately prescribe a strengthening regime using traditional isoinertial equipment, knowledge of a person’s 1RM is necessary. Prediction methods for 1RM are also available in the literature. These methods have been reviewed with respect to their accuracy with different loads, repetition numbers, training states, exercise modes, gender, age and anthropometric parameters. No previous study has assessed their accuracy following injury. This was the primary aim of this study. Twenty subjects completed the testing procedures which included a familiarisation session, an actual 1RM testing session and a predicted 1RM session. The accuracy of predicted 1RM was determined by establishing the actual 1RM and predicted 1RM for a unilateral calf raise. The unaffected limb was used as a control. Differences between 1RM values (predicted 1RM – actual 1RM) were computed using a paired t-test, Bland and Altman analysis, intraclass correlation coefficients and obtaining measures of typical error. A comparison of relative strength between limbs was also made. A logistical regression analysis was then used in an attempt to predict which subjects had returned to sport. The results showed that all equations displayed high accuracy and low error with respect to both limbs. There was no significant differences (p>0.05) across either limb for any of the prediction methods. Overall the Lander equation displayed the greatest predictive accuracy for the injured limb (bias = 0.09kg (SD 3.66), ICC = 0.985 & typical error = 2%). A significant mean 11% deficit in strength was measured across injured limbs in comparison to the control limb (1RM injured = 131.46kg (SD 19.53); 1RM control = 149.61kg (SD 28.16) p<0.05), with a range of differences between limbs from 6.6% stronger to a 49.8% deficit. Logistical regression suggested that subjects with a less than 15% strength deficit across limbs had a greater chance of returning to sport at their pre-injury level in comparison to those who had a greater deficit (odds ratio 35, CI 3-465). This variable explained 39% of the variability in the regression model. When 1RM was standardised to… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor), Reid, Duncan (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Muscle strength; Muscle strength – Mathematical models; Achilles tendon – Wounds and injuries; Achilles tendon – Wounds and injuries – Mathematical models; Sports injuries

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lovelace, C. M. (n.d.). Equations for predicting maximal muscle strength after a lower limb injury . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11302

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lovelace, Claire M. “Equations for predicting maximal muscle strength after a lower limb injury .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11302.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lovelace, Claire M. “Equations for predicting maximal muscle strength after a lower limb injury .” Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Lovelace CM. Equations for predicting maximal muscle strength after a lower limb injury . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11302.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Lovelace CM. Equations for predicting maximal muscle strength after a lower limb injury . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11302

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

AUT University

27. Hansen, Keir. A kinematic analysis of acute and longitudinal adaptations to resisted sprinting .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11322

► The phase of greatest acceleration (0-30 metres) during sprinting is thought to be critical for success in many sporting situations. Methods for improving acceleration phase… (more)

▼ The phase of greatest acceleration (0-30 metres) during sprinting is thought to be critical for success in many sporting situations. Methods for improving acceleration phase performance are therefore an important area of study for conditioners and sports scientists. Typically a variety of resistance training techniques are used to improve strength and power of the lower limb musculature that is important to sprinting performance. One such technique is resisted sprinting which involves the use of apparatus such as weighted vests and sleds to provide movement specific overload to athletes. The purpose of this thesis was primarily, to compare sprint times, step variables and joint kinematics when sprinting with a vest loaded at 15% and 20% of the athlete’s body mass and towing a sled with 15% and 20% of body mass. A secondary aim was to examine the effect of a six-week training program utilising resisted sprinting on acceleration phase performance in three athletes. In the first study, 20 semi-elite subjects performed five 30-metre sprints: one unloaded sprint, two sled sprints loaded at 15% of their body mass and 20% of their body mass, and two vest sprints with the same loads relative to body mass. Each sprint was videoed in the sagittal plane at five, 15 and 25 metres from the start of the 30-metre sprint and times were recorded at 10 and 30-metres using timing lights. Video data were digitised and the following step variables were calculated: step length, step frequency, stance phase duration and swing phase duration. Stance phase angles of the trunk, thigh, knee and ankle were also calculated. Step length, step frequency and swing phase duration during vest and sled sprinting were found to decrease significantly (P<0.05) when compared to unloaded sprinting values. Stance phase duration during vest and sled sprinting increased compared to unloaded sprinting values (P<0.05). Additionally, sled towing displayed significantly greater (P<0.05) trunk flexion at foot strike and toe-off, and significantly greater (P<0.05) knee flexion at foot strike than both the unloaded and vest sprinting conditions. Sled towing also induced significantly greater thigh extension at toe-off compared to the vest conditions (P<0.05). Thus the addition of load to the athlete via vest sprinting and sled towing may influence performance in different ways, and hence the objective of the athlete should be considered when choosing which of these techniques to use. In the second study, a single subject research design was utilised to assess whether sled towing and vest sprinting resulted in changes in performance over a six-week period of training. In this study, three subjects trained twice a week for six weeks using resisted sprinting. Subjects were randomly assigned to sled training, vest training or combinationtraining (one training session a week with each apparatus). Subjects were tested at baseline, after three weeks of training and after six weeks of training for 10 and 30-metre sprint times and selected step variables (step… Advisors/Committee Members: Cronin, John (advisor), McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Sprinting; Kinematics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hansen, K. (n.d.). A kinematic analysis of acute and longitudinal adaptations to resisted sprinting . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11322

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hansen, Keir. “A kinematic analysis of acute and longitudinal adaptations to resisted sprinting .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11322.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hansen, Keir. “A kinematic analysis of acute and longitudinal adaptations to resisted sprinting .” Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Hansen K. A kinematic analysis of acute and longitudinal adaptations to resisted sprinting . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11322.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Hansen K. A kinematic analysis of acute and longitudinal adaptations to resisted sprinting . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11322

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

AUT University

28. Potts, Geoffrey. Biomechanical analysis of 'heavy-load eccentric calf muscle' exercise used in the rehabilitation of achilles tendinosis .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11326

► Objective The objective of this dissertation was to firstly review studies examining the effect of a specific eccentric calf muscle exercise prescribed to achilles tendinosis… (more)

▼ Objective The objective of this dissertation was to firstly review studies examining the effect of a specific eccentric calf muscle exercise prescribed to achilles tendinosis subjects, and secondly to conduct a pilot study to examine the muscle activity of the triceps surae during the same eccentric exercise programme. Background Achilles tendinosis is a common achilles tendon disorder, often difficult to treat conservatively. Recently, an eccentric based exercise coined ‘heavy-load eccentric calf muscle’ training has been shown to return over 60% of achilles tendinosis sufferers back to activity with reduced pain. The mechanism behind these good results is still unknown, and there are aspects of the exercise that are not clear or standardised. The exercise is based on performing exclusively eccentric loading on the affected achilles-calf muscle complex. It is considered painful to perform, yet is repeated in 3 sets of 15 repetitions twice per day in two variations, first with knee straight, and the second with knee bent. The knee bent variation is reported to maximally facilitate muscle activity of the soleus. No studies have yet provided evidence that this selective activation occurs. Method A critical review of literature examining the use and effect of heavy-load eccentric calf muscle training in achilles tendinosis sufferers was undertaken. A table was produced to display and summarise the reviewed literature, thereby allowing comparison of their methods and findings. As a result of the critical review a pilot study was undertaken examining muscle activity of the triceps surae during heavy-load eccentric calf muscle training. Specifically, surface electromyography was used to quantify activity of the soleus and medial gastrocnemius in 23 healthy adult volunteers. Results The critical review highlighted several issues regarding subject selection, variability in the performance of exercise, pain experienced during exercise, and variation in reported results. Electromyography data from the pilot study show there was no significant difference in triceps surae muscle activity when comparing bent and straight knee techniques. Conclusion The eccentric exercise programme developed by Alfredson, Pietila, Jonsson, & Lorentzon (1998) appears to be effective in treating achilles tendinosis. The critical review highlights variation within the execution of the programme, and a lack of clarity with regard to the pain commonly experienced during the exercise. Addressing these issues may assist our understanding of the exercise. With regard to the pilot study, the findings do not support the conjecture that the soleus muscle is maximally activated when performing bent knee eccentric loading as suggested by Alfredson, Pietila, Jonsson, & Lorentzon (1998). As the current study was limited to subjects with no history of achilles injury, further research using the same methodology will be of interest in those diagnosed with achilles tendinosis. Advisors/Committee Members: Reid, Duncan (advisor), McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Biomechanics; Tendons; Leg; Tendon Injuries

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APA (6^th Edition):

Potts, G. (n.d.). Biomechanical analysis of 'heavy-load eccentric calf muscle' exercise used in the rehabilitation of achilles tendinosis . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11326

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Potts, Geoffrey. “Biomechanical analysis of 'heavy-load eccentric calf muscle' exercise used in the rehabilitation of achilles tendinosis .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11326.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Potts, Geoffrey. “Biomechanical analysis of 'heavy-load eccentric calf muscle' exercise used in the rehabilitation of achilles tendinosis .” Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Potts G. Biomechanical analysis of 'heavy-load eccentric calf muscle' exercise used in the rehabilitation of achilles tendinosis . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11326.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Potts G. Biomechanical analysis of 'heavy-load eccentric calf muscle' exercise used in the rehabilitation of achilles tendinosis . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11326

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

AUT University

29. Claxton, Johnny. The pre-event preparation routine: The role of stretching .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11339

► It is well known that both recreational and competitive athletes frequently perform some type of stretching exercise as part of their pre-event preparation routine. The… (more)

▼ It is well known that both recreational and competitive athletes frequently perform some type of stretching exercise as part of their pre-event preparation routine. The rationale for stretching prior to the commencement of strenuous physical activity is most commonly related to perceptions of decreased injury risk and psychological based feelings of well being associated with undertaking a habitual routine. However, not only is the relationship between pre-event stretching, injury and/or athlete psychology yet to be scientifically established, this justification fails to consider the effect that the stretching may have on aspects of athletic performance. This is surprising, especially considering that optimum performance is generally the primary objective of most competitive sporting events. The notion that more thought should be given to the influence of pre-event stretching on subsequent athletic ability is further highlighted by the findings of recent research, which have suggested that static stretching, although historically the most common type of pre-event stretching, may actually be detrimental to performance by impairing the mechanical and/or neural function of the musculotendinous-unit (MTU). However, the practical application of these studies is limited due to the methodologies employed, which have frequently lacked relevance to most sporting events. Furthermore, the suggested benefits of an alternative method of pre-event stretching, known as dynamic stretching, remain anecdotal. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects (magnitude and time-course) of sport-specific static and dynamic pre-event stretching protocols in order to determine their effect on measures of functional performance. Eighteen male subjects of an athletic background volunteered to participate in this research. The study involved a repeated measures design with the subjects performing each intervention in a randomised order on different days. The three different interventions were: 1) warm-up only (WUP), involving five-minutes of treadmill jogging; 2) warm-up plus static stretching (SS), involving five-minutes of treadmill jogging followed by eight-minutes of static stretching; and 3) warm-up plus dynamic stretching (DS), involving five-minutes of treadmill jogging followed by eight-minutes of dynamic stretching. A force-plate was used to measure subjects counter-movement jump (CMJ) height and drop jump (DJ) reactivity co-efficient immediately post-intervention (P0), and following a five-minute seated rest period (P5). No significant differences (P<0.05) in percent change scores were found between SS and WUP for either CMJ at P(-0.32%; ±5.35; P=0.82) and P0 5 (1.32%; ±7.04; P=0.47), or DJ at P(-0.62%; ±12.82; P=0.85) and P0 5 (3.04%; ±12.74; P=0.355). However, when differences between DS and WUP were compared, DS was observed to result in superior CMJ performance at P(3.71%; ±8.63; P=0.09) and P0 5 (3.69%; ±6.86; P=0.04), and DJ performance at P(7.68% ±16.87, P=0.08) and P0 5 (6.12% ±14.65, P=0.10). With… Advisors/Committee Members: Cronin, John (advisor), McNair, Peter (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Stretching exercises

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APA (6^th Edition):

Claxton, J. (n.d.). The pre-event preparation routine: The role of stretching . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11339

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Claxton, Johnny. “The pre-event preparation routine: The role of stretching .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11339.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Claxton, Johnny. “The pre-event preparation routine: The role of stretching .” Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Claxton J. The pre-event preparation routine: The role of stretching . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11339.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Claxton J. The pre-event preparation routine: The role of stretching . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11339

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

AUT University

30. Parlane, Natalie. Muscle Endurance Performance of Quadriceps and Hamstrings, and Functional Ability Before and after Arthroscopic Meniscal Surgery: a Case Controlled Inter-limb Comparison .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11923

► OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate muscle performance of the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles, as well as lower limb function in participants… (more)

▼ OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate muscle performance of the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles, as well as lower limb function in participants with meniscal lesions that required partial meniscectomy. It was of particular interest to assess whether there were significant deficits in an inter-limb assessment of muscle strength and endurance, as well as performance in a repetitive hop test, one week prior to surgery and six weeks after partial meniscectomy. Additionally, the relationship between performance measures (isokinetic and hopping) and perceived function (questionnaires) was examined. STUDY DESIGN An inter-limb comparison of isokinetic knee flexion and extension muscle strength and endurance, and a functional hop endurance was implemented on 21 participants with meniscal injury before and after partial meniscectomy. Testing was performed one week prior to surgery, and again six weeks after surgery. For the control group, 22 healthy matched participants performed the same testing protocols on two occasions, six weeks apart. BACKGROUND Surgery is often required for tears to the meniscus of the knee. The minimal nature of modern surgical intervention for meniscal injuries has led to a belief that exercise rehabilitation after surgery is often not needed. Rehabilitation, when undertaken, has been focused upon strengthening. Yet many activities require muscular endurance capability. Without sufficient endurance, fatigue can lead to added stress upon joint structures, leading to further inflammation and potentially long-term damage in the form of osteoarthritis. METHOD Forty-six participants aged between 24 and 57 years were recruited. Three participants were excluded as they had post-operative complications. Therefore, the total sample size for the current study was 21 participants in the partial meniscectomy group and 22 participants in the control group. A Biodex isokinetic dynamometer was used to assess quadriceps and hamstrings strength (peak torque) and endurance performance (peak torque over 30 consecutive maximum effort repetitions). A functional performance endurance test was performed on a force plate, and assessed changes in flight time over 30 consecutive hops, four seconds apart. Self-reported function was measured using the Lower Limb Task Questionnaire (LLTQ) and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). All assessment protocols where performed at two testing session; one week prior to surgery and six weeks after partial meniscectomy. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation coefficients were utilised for the statistical analysis with an alpha level set to 0.05. RESULTS The partial meniscectomy group had significant (p<0.05) quadriceps and hamstrings deficits and functional hop deficits on the injured limb when compared to the non-injured limb and control participants. These differences across limbs ranged between six and eighteen percent. Specifically, in measures of endurance, there were significant… Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Peter (advisor), Mawston, Grant (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Meniscectomy; Quadriceps strength; Hamstrings strength; Quadriceps endurance; Hamstrings endurance; Meniscus; Arthroscopic meniscal surgery

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Parlane, N. (n.d.). Muscle Endurance Performance of Quadriceps and Hamstrings, and Functional Ability Before and after Arthroscopic Meniscal Surgery: a Case Controlled Inter-limb Comparison . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11923

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Parlane, Natalie. “Muscle Endurance Performance of Quadriceps and Hamstrings, and Functional Ability Before and after Arthroscopic Meniscal Surgery: a Case Controlled Inter-limb Comparison .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed April 15, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11923.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Parlane, Natalie. “Muscle Endurance Performance of Quadriceps and Hamstrings, and Functional Ability Before and after Arthroscopic Meniscal Surgery: a Case Controlled Inter-limb Comparison .” Web. 15 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Parlane N. Muscle Endurance Performance of Quadriceps and Hamstrings, and Functional Ability Before and after Arthroscopic Meniscal Surgery: a Case Controlled Inter-limb Comparison . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Apr 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11923.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Parlane N. Muscle Endurance Performance of Quadriceps and Hamstrings, and Functional Ability Before and after Arthroscopic Meniscal Surgery: a Case Controlled Inter-limb Comparison . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/11923

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

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